Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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>.>.. ".%?** ' ?* ..??"???.?if*1 iv .JW COLUMBIA. Saturday Morning, March 3,1866. Emigration ?na Immigration. A Rio Janeiro correspondent of the New York Herald furnishes an inte? resting statement of the schemes for emigration from the Southern States to Brazil. The correspondent ac? companied GeneraTWood, the agent of a number of Southern associations, in his exploring trip. On his arrival at Rio Janeiro/General Wood was re? ceived with courtesy and attention, by the officials and the people gene? rally. He had interviews with the Emperor and all his ministers, and received promises of all tho land he required.a?the. minimum government price, immediate1 citizenship for all colonists, freedom of religion and the press, control of their own municipal regulations and educational institu? tions, and free importation for five years of all necessary articles. From Rio Janeiro General Wood and party passed into the interi or of the country to make an inspection of it, trans? portation being furnished them gra? tuitously, and in all the towns they were received with ovations, enter? tained at balls and dinners and enthu? siastically welcomed. Of the cha? racter bf the : country and its inhabitants, the climate, soil, pro? ductions and customs, this correspon? dent gives a graphic and entertaining account. The General will report favorably on the projected emigra? tion thither. This is all very flattering in its prospects, but it behooves our South? ern people to consider and inquire, whether the immigration., of white labor to th?ir own plantations and farms will not be much more favor? able to the development of c JC re? sources, than the abandonment of their estates by the planters of the South. . There is no doubt but that the efforts of the radicals, and others of that stripe, are directed to keep white labor from coming to the South. And y?t,.in juxtaposition to these efforts, we have these emigration schemes, which we have no hesitation in say? ing are inimical to the best interests of the Southern country. We have no objections to the giving of a fair trial to the freed labor of the South its old labor-but the short experi? ence thus far is not encouraging. Let us try white labor, and especially, let not our white planters and capitalists desert their country. The extraordinary remark attribut? ed to a Congressman, that "the man at the other end of the avenue should recall tho fate of Charles the First," might suggest to others to recall the fate of British liberties which follow? ed that act of violence. As Mr. Ste? phens says, with truth, in his late speech, the people of England were reduced under the Commonwealth to a worse state of oppression than they had been in for centuries, and were glad at length to restore the mo? narchy, an unlimited monarchy, with? out one single pledge or guarantee of the concessions that had been exacted of the beheaded king. Gen. John R. Jackson, of Georgia, died in Milledgevill , on the 26th ult. He was admitted to the bar when nineteen years of age, and rapidly rose in the profession. In 1861, he volunteered in the cause of the South, and was made Colonel of the Fifth Georgia Regiment. In 1862;, he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and highly com? plimented by General Bragg. Since the cessation of hostilities, General Jackson has devoted his attention to his profession, the duties of which have been arduous for many years. THE PROCLAMATION.-The Wash? ington correspondent of the New York News writes: I have it from good authority that the President in a few days will issue an official proclamation that peace has been firmly established at the South. The States will then be left to govern themselves under the Con? stitution of the United States, and State and local laws, without military interference, except in relation to thc I reedmen's bureau. This institu? tion will continue one year after the date of the forthcoming proclama? tion. On the arrival of Governor Hum? phreys, that battle-scarred veteran of the Confederacy, at Vicksburg, a few days since, an artillery salute was fired by order of General Woods, commanding the United States gar? rison there. ?On the "Wing." BALTIMORE, MD., Feb. 26, 186G. DEAR PHOENIX: Yesterday forenoon I enjoyed the exquisit? pleasure of hearing Bishop O. A. Andrew preach from Romans, fourteenth chapter, seventh and eighth verses. His theme was the unselfishness of Christianity, as exemplified in the lives of those who live unto God and for the good of each other. There were no flash? ing corruscations of genius in the sermon, yet there . was a beautiful simplicity and common-sense applica? tion of truth which well adapted it to the comprehension of the most illite? rate, and still did not offend the taste of the most fastidious. He talked like an aged and sweet-tempered pa? triarch addressing his own children. The bishop is more than seventy years old, has been an active itinerant more than half a century-more than thirty years of which time he has been faithfully exercising the episco? pal functions. Perhaps no mau of this century has done and suffered more, in proportion to his abilities, for the sake of sound Scriptural truth, than Rev. Bishop O. A. An? drew, D. D. Time and care have left their impress upon him, yet his sweet? ness of temper and amiability of dis? position give him a placid, serene an."" lovely countenaBce. May the old Christian hero still live to fill up many years of usefulness to the church and the country. lu the afternoon, I attended an? other Sunday School missionary cele? bration, and listened to several inte? resting addresses from the boys of the school. By the way, there is quite a Sunday School revival among all the churches in this part of the country, and especially is this the caso in the Methodist Episcopal Church. This being the centenary of American Me? thodism, great plans are being elabo? rated and large collections raised for the promotion of the interests of tho Methodist Episcopal Church. One hundred years ago, Philip Embury addressed five persons, who became the nucleus of the Methodist Church on this continent; and to-day she has nearly 30,000 ordained ministers, j about 2,OOO,OOO adult members, nearly 2,000,000 Sunday School scholars, and more than 8,000,000 of persons under her direct influence. I At night, I heard Rev. J. W. Start, preach from Matthew, fifth chapter, seventh verso. His theme was jus? tice and mercy, in the discussion of which he proved clearly that the latter virtue was as important as the former, and in most cases more ne? cessary. His oratory was poor, but his logio waa good. OMEGA. The Expected Proclamation. The following extracts from on article in the Richmond Times arc very appropriate: Our people have been so long and severely tried in the school of adver? sity, that "fi is almost unnecessary to admonish . .em that for many months after the President's proclamation o? restored peace, a host of dangers Avil] beset our path. Ordinarily, men who have been long deprived of the quan? tum of physical and intellectual li? berty, which is essential to happiness, indulge in dangerous excesses when freed from all restraints. When the military shall be with? drawn, our enemies are' blatant ii their prophecies of speedy pol?tica and social chaos and anarchy at tin South. They have an amiable habi of ascribing to the presence and in timidating influence of the militari authorities that good order which ha reigned supreme at the South for tei months. They insist upon it tba the President is about to unlock tin doors of a cage in which a most fa rious and voracious beast is confined In anticipation of the predicte( bound and roar of the liberated South ern "Gyascntis," the correspon denis of the radical journals hav< already scampered up the tallest trees as the monkeys of Africa do when i tawny lion emerges from his lair, anc are chattering their apprehensions a a terrible rate. ' 'As soon as peace i proclaimed," they yell, in full chorus "the r'^onstructed rebels will rend*1 the lives and property of every origi nal Union man and freedman unsafe. ' Eveiy "reconstructed" patriot will, i is predicted, roam about like a mo dem Dragon of Wantley, devourinj the proteges of the Freedmen's Bu rean, and swallowing "the ever faith ful" without pinning their ears back Our suspicions may do these Jere miahs of the radical party injustice but we fear they will be sadly disap pointed and feel that they have beei badly treated if the Southern peopl do not behave very badly after th President's proclamation of peace. While the people of the South wi] send forth a universal prayer o thanksgiving for the crowning act o Executive justice, we feel assuroi that they- will, by their humanity t< the "freedmen" and their kindly rc lations with the " ever faithful, strengthen the arni of the Executive and confound his and our enemies. A resolution has been introduce! in the Senate, providing that a Pre sident shall not be eligible to fill th office for a second term. Er-Governor Johnson, of Georgia has frone to Washington to urge oi the President the withdrawal of th negro troops from that State. < '.S Senator Doolittle. As the Senator from Wisconsin has become conspicuous (having deserted the radical wing of his party) in his support of the President, we subjoin a brief report of a speech he made in Baltimore cn the 22d nit. Mr. Doo? little said: FELLOW-CITIZENS: Thank God, the war of blood is over! Peace has come again; no more fathers, sons or bro? thers on the bloody altar of war. The rebellion is dead-secession is dead slavery is dead-let, then, the dead bury the dead. I speak to-night to the living, of the living issues before us. The Republic still lives-the Constitution . still lives-r-liberty and Union still live, one and inseparable. May they be perpetual. Whilst the war was raging, and rebellion sought to trample under foot our glorious emblem, there Avas no man in the country who was more for a vigorous prosecution of the war. During the struggle, my uppermost idea was that force should be over? come by force; that there was no ar? gument but bayonets and bullets. I urged on the war till the rebellion should be crushed. It cost us dear. Sons, fathers and brothers were lost. Where is there one who has not lost some dear one? It cost me most dearly. My eldest son now sleeps in a premature grave because of it. But now that the struggle is past, I am for peace-peace as a reality, not as a mockery. The masses plead for it now as they pleaded for the Union during the war. The martyred dead who sleep on the hundred battle? fields of the war-the martyred Pre? sident, the lamented Lincoln, if his spirit were here to-night-would plead for peace-would plead to the people to sustain Andrew Johnson. I know, and yon all know, that he is pursuing the policy of his lamented predeces? sor. The war was in progress, when, in 1804, Andrew Johnson was nominated in the convention which met in this city, and in that convention was a delegate named Thaddeus Stevens. [The speaker was here interrupted by loud and protracted hissing.] Mr. Lincoln had before that entered upou the policy of reconstruction, having tried it in Louisiana, Arkansas and Tennessee. Andrew Johnson had been employed by Mr. Lincoln to carry his policy out in the last-named State, and for his faithful perform? ance of that duty had been taken up by the Union party. Here in Balti? more was it that the convention en? dorsed that policy, and nominated Andrew Johnson for vice-President, because he had faithfully carried out that reconstruction in Tennessee. Who was it that opposed his nomi? nation in that convention? Thad? deus Stevens. [Renewed hissing, j Upon what ground? Because Ten? nessee was not in the Union, was at war with the Government, and that Andrew Johnson was therefore an alien and a foreign enemy. What did that convention do? They tram? pled Stevens' opposition under foot, and under the guidance of Preston King the convention decided that Tennessee was in the Union; that Andrew Johnson was a citizen, aud fit for tho place for which he was nominated, and for the place which he now holds. And yet now, some men say that all of us who maintain this policy of reconstruction are traitors to the Union cause. This is an entire mistake. We stand by the platform of 1804-the principles of Mr. Lincoln. I will, said Mr. Doolittle, refer to two or three other conservatives. 1. Andrew Johnson is, in my judg? ment-and the facts will undoubtedly demonstrate it-the true representa? tive of the Union cause and platform; in his hand is the glorious Hag of our country, with every star thereon. Some men would, if they were in tho Executive chair, order the national salute to be but twenty-six guns Andrew Johnson orders thirty-six. There are still thirty-six States and thirty-six stars, and on our banner not a star is obscured, not a stripe erased. Mi\ Johnson's policy is now, and has been, a subject of much anxiety and interest to the public mind; and tn such a degree has this interest grow, that I wrote the substance of an interview or conversation between the President and Governor Cox, of Ohio, on the subject of his recon? struction policy, which took place very recently, and which lam author? ized to make public to-night. Every word which falls from the President's lips now, on this vital subject, is so important that I beg leave to read it. These words are wise, patriotic, and mean that "come weal, come woe," Andrew Johnson will stand by the Union. Years ago, Avhen he was in the Senate, at the time when tho secession leaders, with curses and maledictions on the Union, withdrew, he stood, with eyes flashing, and countenance beaming, and denounced them and their evil machinations. I believe in him still. If that scene on the floor of the Senate were put upon canvas, with Andrew Johnson as the central figure, by the hand of genius, it would serve to mark a me? morable epoch in our history, and would live forever in the memory of all tme lovers of their country. It is the duty of all to stand by j Andrew Johnson in this crisis. He is true to thc policy and principles of the Union part}'. 1 call on all patriotic men to stand by him in this crisis. No matter of what party, all must rally to the support of the Con stitution and the Union. To Demo? crats, I say, throw aside party and come up. [A voice-The Democratic was always the Constitutional party. Great and prolonged applause.] I call on all patriots to come up and support Andrew Johnson, which is maintaining the Constitution and the Union. I say it to you in frankness that it will not do to bring a party; it must be th? people. That party which, as a mere party, who said the war was a failure, is dead and gone. I was a Democrat until by its own foolish acts it dissolved itself. I have been present at the birth of parties and at their funerals. When, in 1847, the Democratic party undertook to force slavery into the Territories, and it dissolved on that issue, I told them in the convention which nominated Gen. Cass, that the party would dissolve; that on that rock it would be dashed to pieces. Gen. Taylor was elected, and Califor? nia came in a free State. The repeal of the Missouri compromise again dissolved the party, for that measure brought on the war. But let the dead bury its dead; let us all, Whigs and Democrats, unite, hand to hand, heart to heart, around Andrew John? son, the Constitutional President, who has sworn to maintain and de? fend the Constitution. [Great ap? plause. ] I tell you, I believe in him. His history is such as to command my confidence and faith in his integrity. By innate force of character, he has raised himself from the humblest condition in the land to the highest place on earth. No mau lives who loves liberty more than he. Patriot? ism is a religion with him. He, by his whole life, has demonstrated that he possesses that which is not con? fined to palace or mauger, belongs not to the prince more than thc pea? sant, the celestial fire which marks him one of nature's noblemeu. [Mr. Doolittle retired amidst, the most ter? rific applause.] Iitltcr from GOT. COX, of Ohio. Gov. Cox, of Ohio, has written a letter, detailing a conversation re? cently had with the President on na? tional affairs, from which the follow? ing is extracted: "He stated that his policy had sim? ply aimed at the earliest restoration of peace on the basis of loyalty. No Congressional policy bad ever been adopted, and, therefore, when he en? tered upon the duties of his office, he was obliged to adopt one of his own. He had, in some sense, inherited that of Mr. Lincoln's, with which he thought he agreed, and that was sub? stantially the one he had carried out. Congress had no just cause of com? plaint that he had not dono so, for they had not seen fit to declare their views or to adopt any measures em? bodying what could be called a policy of restoration. He was satisfied that no long continuance of military go? vernment could he tolerated-that the whole country would properly demand the restoration of a truly civil government, ?fcc. One central idea had controlled him in the whole matter, and that was that the proper system of pacification should be one which tended everywhere to stimu? late the loyalty of the people of the South themselves, and make it the spring of loyal conduct and proper legislation, rather than to impose upon them laws and conditions by direct external force. Thus, in the case of the Freedmen's Bureau, he was not against the idea of the bureau in tuto, for he had used it, and was still using it. It might continue for a period of more than a year, yet bc had contemplated that either by pro? clamation of his own, or by some ac? tion of Congress, a condition of peace -the technical end of the rebellion i would probably be declared at some period, perhaps not very remote, and as he understood the present law, the bureau might continue a year from that time. Meanwhile, he could say to the South, it depends upon yourselves to say whether the bureau shall be discontinued at an earlier day, for I will put an end to it just j as soon as you, by proper action for the protection of the freedmen, ren? der it necessary. Thus, said he, the hope of getting rid of the institution stimulates them to do what is right, i whilst they are not dsseouraged by i the idea that there is no hopo of an ? end to what they regard as a sort of j military government. If, on the other hand, the bureau was to be made a permanent thing by legislation, which on its face appears to be part of the fixed law of the land, all the objec? tions he had urged in bia message, applied in full force to it, and instead of encouraging the South to loyalty, you tend to drive them to despera? tion, and make their hatred of the Government inveterate. He said, in the course of the conversation, that his whole heart was with the body of j true men who had carried the country I through the war, and he earnestly ! desired to maintain a cordial and per? fect understanding with them. This sentiment and purpose he regarded as entirety consistent with determined opposition to the obstruction policy of those extremist? who, as he be? lieved, would k*ep the country in chaos till absolute ruin might como upon us." GOVERNOR VANCE STRICKEN WITH PARALYSIS -We are pained to learn that Governor Vance, at his home at Statesville, has been stricken with paralysis on one side. We have not heard particulars, and hope it is but slight. -Raleigh Sentinel, 20/// ult. Letter from Hon. Robert ?1. Walker. At the great conservative meeting held in New York on the anniversary of the birth of Washington, last Thursday evening, the following let? ter was read from the Hon. Robert J. Walker, one of the most influential Union men during the war: PHILADELPHIA, Feb. 22, 1866. SIMEON DRAPER, ESQ. : Detained from the great Union meeting by cir? cumstances beyond my control, I must address it telegraphically, and not as I did after the fall of Sumter. Presiden' Johnson's veto opens the new campaign in favor of the Union. It arrests the overthrow of the States and the concentration of all power in one consolidated military despotism. It prevents the expulsion of eleven States from the Union, and the erec? tion of eleven Irelands within its limits, to be controlled and oppressed by military power. It prevents the quartering of a large standing army and hosts of officials in the South, with an enormous increase of our debt, to be followed surely by op? pressive taxation, or dishonoring and disgraceful repudiation. It prevents the defeat of the plans of the Secre? tary of the Treasury for th?* funding and reduction of the public debt, and a safe and gradual return to specie payments. Repudiation is disgrace and ruin, and the probable extinction of Republican institutions through? out the world. This result, or large standing armies and oppressive taxation, caused by the policy of the President's oppo? nents, would produce an earthquake convulsion. It would quadruple the excise and income tax, blight every field, becalm every vessel, break every bank and railroad and ruin every fac? tory in the country. It dissolves the Union, destroys the Constitution and erects a military despotism upon its ruins. It would postpone, perhaps indefinitely, the transfer of the com? mand of the commerce and exchanges of the world from Europe to America. European despots would exult, while the friends of freedom in the Old World, and especially in Ireland and Germany, would weep tears of blood. Johnson is walking in the footsteps of Jackson and Lincoln, and teaching their sentiment-the Union shall be preserved. The prolonged govern? ment of e'even States as conquered provinces, enforcing taxation without representation, would permanently alienate the South from the North. It might drive them to madness and despair, and renew the civil war when our credit and resources were exhaust? ed. We have emancipated, through a great constitutional amendment, carried only by Johnson's policy, 4,000,000 of negroes. Let us not attempt to enslave eight millions of our erring white brethren of the South. They will all welcome death before such a state as this. I have fought ail my life against seces? sion and disunion in the South, and I renew the contest against it in the North. Congress has no constitu? tional power to dissolve the Union; and to condemn eleven States to ter? ritorial pupilage is a dissolution of the Union. I cannot go with North? ern or Southern disunionists. John? son's policy alone can practically re? store the Union. It has already crushed the heresy of secession at the South, and it alone has secured a con? stitutional majority for the abolition of slavery. If the heresy of seces? sion is crushed at the South, and emancipation secured, the crowning glory rests upon the head of Andrew Johnson. Slavery and secession our only discordant elements-being thus extirpated, the Johnsonian poli? cy will go on conquering and to con? quer, not by the sword, but by wis? dom and magnanimity. It will sub? due at the South passions and prejudices; it wili touch their hearts and conquer their affections. We shall hear no more of excep? tional and individual acts of insubor ! dination, for we shall have a union of j interest and affection ; a union of I States with States, and not with con? quered provinces. We shall have the union and representation of all the States as ordained by the Constitu? tion. We shall have a cordial, fra? ternal, an ever-expanding, an omni? potent, an indissoluble and perpetual ? union. Men of the South, from Vir I ginia to Texas, close up the ranks, and fight harder to get into the Union than you ever did to get out of it. You fought us under the secession flag with unsurpassed courage and endurance to get ont of the Union. Come now, our erring but still much loved brethren of the South, and re? assemble with us again at the politi? cal family altar at Washington. Come with loyal hearts under the flag of our sires, and to the music of the Union, and we will give you a cordial wel? come. Come, and the recording angel will blot out, in reconciliating tears, the memory of human follies and frailties. The people on whom Johnson has always relied are with him, and will welcome back all loyal Unionists to seats in both Houses of Congress. R. J. WALKER. - ? ?? ? ? The Ottawa (Canada) Gazette con ! tains a proclamation warning Ameri j cac fishermen that they cannot use Canadian shore fisheries after the 17th j of March. -? ? ? ? Senator Doolittle has caused the ! Government advertising to be trans i fermi from the -Milwaukee Sentinel, radical, to the Wisconsin, conserva 1 tive. Local Items. CASH.-Our terms for subscription, ad? vertising and job work arc cask. Wu hop? all parties will bear thia in mind. THE BURNING or COLUMBIA. -An inter? esting account of the "Sack and Destruc? tion of the City of Columbia, S. C.," In*? just been iusued, in pamphlet form, from tho Phoenix steam power press. Orden can be Ulled to any extent. FREIGHT ON THE GREENVILLE RAILROAD. The energetic Superintendent of the above railroad has completed his arrangements for the transportation of freight, and here? after will be able to push along all articles for any point on the line. CRAIG'S MICROSCOPES. -Mr. McKenzie has has just received a small lot of these inte? resting little instruments, with the neces? sary fixtures, such as mites of cheese, "gray-backs," fly's eyes, etc. A family group can be highly entertained by an in? spection of tho various objects. "THE MARCH OF IMPROVEMENT."- The dull appearance of our city is beginning rapidly to change. New buildings are springing np in noarly every direction. Among those lately finished, we notice the substantial brick structures of Messrs. Allen, Yolger, Syrumers & Berry, aud Wm. McGninnis. A great mauy others are ra? pidly approaching completion. We hope, in a short time, to have the pleasure of chronicling a still greater number, as spring is now on us, and builders can work advantageously. NEW ADVEIITISEMKNTS. -Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which are published this morning for th? first time: Mrs. M. J. McElrone- Store to Bent. Fisher A Lowrance-Hardware, A-c. Armstrong, Cater A Co.-Ribbons, Ac. Standing of Stallion John Morgan. Burn A Taylor- Buggy for Kale. Levin A Feixotto-Horses, Mules, Ac. Jacob Bell -Citation. Coffin A Ravenel- Selling Off. C. H. Baldwin-Groceries. THE NEW FREEDMEN'S BURSA J BILL.-The following is the text of the bill, reported in the Senate last Friday, to continue in force the bureau for the relief of freedmen and refugees: "Be it enacted, ?ic, That the act entitled 'An act to establish a bureau for the relief of freedmen and re? fugees,' approved March 3, 1865, shall continue in force for two years from and after the passage of this act. "SEC. '2. And he il furtlier enacted, That the head of said bureau shall, from time to time, make, and cause to be enforced, such rules and regula? tions, not inconsistent with the Con? stitution and laws of the United States, as shall protect refugees, freedmen and persons of color in all States or parts of States wherein, by the operations of the war to suppress the late rebellion, or by the adoption of any amendment to the Constitu? tion of the United States, any per? sons heretofore held to slavery or in? voluntary servitude shall have been emancipated, in tho enjoyment of the right to make and enforce contracts, to sue, be parties and give evidence in all courts and causes, lease, pur? chase, hold, sell and convey real and personal property, and to have the full and equal benefit of all laws for the security of person, estate and personal liberty." GENERAL FORREST'S "ARREST." The announcement made by some of our city contemporaries, of the "arrest" of General Forrest, may mislead persons at a distance. The arrest is nothing more than service of notice by the Marshal of the indictment for treason, found months ago in Judge Trigg's Court, against some two hundred or more of our citizens, General Forrest among the number. A very large number of these were disposed of at the last term of the Court, by the discharge of the persons indicted. General Forrest not being here, no notice was served upon him until the other day, when he entered into the usual re? cognizance to appear at the March term, when his case mil most likely take the same course as other similar ones ivhieh have been disposed of. That's all that is in it. [Memphis Appeal, 21s/. A correspondent of a Northern I journal says: j "To get up another freedmen's bill j will not be attempted. The existing ' bureau will expire by limitation in one yeal- after the end of the war. It is argued among constitutional law? yers that the Executive alone can determine the question when the war ceased. Congress cannot do that. The judiciary, in several decisions, have settled the doctrine that the Executive is the sole judge as to the occurrence of an exigency requiring force to suppress an insurrection, ! and, of course, he is to determine the j time when the insurrection ceased to j exist. The President may, and pro I bably will, do this by proclamation. As au evidence that "Texas is about i to assume her position as the great j cotton factor of the world," the Gal I veston Bulletin says a company of j Galveston and Houston capitalists ! have already purchased twenty blocks of ground and ten wharf privileges ; West of Bean Wharf, for the sum of i $400,000 in specie, and paid ouo I fourth of that sum as the first insttd j nient; the balance in three, six and ! niuo months. Buildings are to be i erected on the ground.