Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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^C?L VMBIA. Friday Morning, January 26, 1BE6. Mexico. The tide of emigration seems to bo rolling towards Mexico. Wo learn, from tho Louisville Courier, that Oncral John S. Williams, a gallant ofiicer in the Mexican war, left Nash? ville on Tuesday last for that coun? try, carrying with him sixty emi? grants. He does not go there a stranger, for in the capacity of a soldier he traveled over the greater portion of that country years ago. He and his company will make a valuable acqmsition to the Empire of Maximilian. Other expeditions of a similar char? acter have been organized at various points at the South; and while we cordially agree with the advice given by General Hampton to his fellow citizens to stay at home, and bend their energies to the recuperation and resuscitation of their own coun? try; and, whilst we could not advise a general system of expatriation of the sons of the South, yet it is pain? fully evident that there is but little encouragement for them to remain. The means and appliances, for the development of our resources, have been sadly crippled; money is scarce, with but little chance of an early iin provement in that respect; stock and agricultural implements are not only scarce, but dear; our former system of labor has been shattered, and the experiment of a new system has to be made ; all these things must have a discouraging and depressing effect upon tho energies of the young and adventurous. Moreover, coupled with this lamentable condition of affairs, is the political position Of the South? ern States, there being but little prospect of an early restoration as members of tho Union. Had ths dominant party in Congress promptly acquiesced in the President's recon? struction policy, and heartily co-ope? rated in carrying out that policy, we believe it would have given new life and energy to our people; it would have brought into our midst labor and capital, by restoring confidence between the people of both sections; and, although we hope and believe the President will eventually be suc? cessful, yet the effect of tho action oi those who oppose him is, for the time being, disastrous to the interests oi the whole country. --'- On the other hand, if we believe all thc reports that reach us, ant" . from what we generally know, of the resources of Mexico, she offers s tempting field for the industrious one energetic young men of the South Her broad fertile fields, those vas' treasure vaults, her inexhaustibh mines, and her wealth and other in numerable resources, are attraction: that cannot fail to induce immigra tion. And, in this connection, it ii worth while for the people of tin United States to consider whether i would not be better to let Maximiliai alone in his, thus far, successful at tempts to regenerate Mexico, than t( carry out, by force of arms or by an^ other means, the Monroe doctrine This question is worthy the gravi consideration of the American people ' lint, whilst many, doubtless, wil seek their fortunes in that rich conn try, it is thc more plaiu duty of pa triotism, exclusive of the strong tie of hallowed associations, and tba innate love of country, which, in ? greater or less degree, is felt by ever man, to remain in the old land, im poverished as ?he is, and use all th means they can procure to aid hyd j??B^^^rieving her broken fortunes. Mn W^ve there are prosperous^days ye "?^^^^Wft for the South-that new im pulses, new enterprises and renewet energies, in many departments of in ?Instry, will be given to her ^eople and that, with a re-united country commercial and maimfacturing ii terests will occupy a higher positio in the development of her vast r< sources than they lin ve ever prov ously occupied. Let those, then, wh can, stick to "the old land," an their children will not be aliens to tl land of their fathers, and will, in tl enjoyment of republican libert; have cause to rise up and bless thou -? ? ? > SCARCITY OF COTTON. -It is believe that, in the most hopeful view th can be taken of the cotton product . 18IW), such a dearth of cotton will 1 experienced this year as to raise tl price, before next September, to dollar a pound. The Government far inclines to this belief that it h .suspended the sales of captured ce ton in New York. Ifegro ?nfNgc. A special correspondent of the Bal? timore Sun says: "Much speculation'prevails in re? gard to the ultimate fate of the free negro suffrage bill of the House. That it will pass the Senate is a foregone conclusion. It will pass the Senate as it comes from the House by a de? cided majority. I notice that some shrewd politicians hold out the idea that President Johnson will veto it. They assume this as a matter of policy, because they aro unwilling to suffer the impression to be made on the public mind that. the President is to co-operate with the radical majority of Congress-perhai>s also a tempo? rary power, which, at the next elec? tions, may be overthrown. Many others behove that the President will sign the bill, upon the consideration that the District is not a State, but is placed under the exclusive jurisdic? tion of Congress, which body has a right to legislate for the District in every partievdar. There is no doubt that Congress can legislate upon the subject of the municipal government of the District, and they will proba? bly follow up this measure by a law providing that the councils of the cities, and the Levy Court, shall be composed in due proportion of ne? groes." Another correspondent of the Sun says: "Prominent radical Senators, much to my surprise, say that tho House negro suffrage bill will pass the Se? nate like a flash. An inside Republi? can says that the only amendments they will make to it will be provisions, in the way of penalties, for keeping negroes from the polls, and things of that sort. Thc latter is a coldly ironical view, with probably too much of the spirit of truth in it. I believe the President will veto the House bill, if it comes to him, and I have no idea that the requisite two-thirds vote could be gotjin the Senate, if, indeed, in the House, to make it a law under constitutional provisions. "The radicals seem intent on mak? ing negro suffrage general, North and South. If they are defeated in re? spect to this District, then their bitterness will be augmented against thc South and reconstruction. They feel confident about carrying tho elections by the howl they can set up to the effect that if the Southern members are admitted, they, with the Democrats, will go in for repudiation of the national debt. Col. Forney announces that the 'issue is made up for the country by the passage of the negro suffrage bill by the Senate. Mr. Wade mode it a national issue.' " How much better for the negro and for the white-for the interests of thc whole country-that this everlasting discussion about the negro should cease. It is impossible to tell what further disasters to the nation's pros? perity will ensue from this everlast? ing agitation. The negro is free the Sotith has endorsed his emanci? pation-and the highest duty of the white citizen, North and South, is to aid him in reaping the advantages of his new situation, by inciting him to habits of industry, economy and thrift. -? .? ? ? I)cat1\ of ix I>ks< ?iiguixlicri Man. We regret to learn from the Orange burg Southron of the death, on the 17th instant, at Walterboro, of Josiah B. Perry, Esq., Solicitor of the Southern Circuit. Five weeks ago, Solicitor Perry was iu this city, at? tending to his official duties connected with thc L?gislature, and apparently in robust health, lie was an intelli? gent lawyer, a useful citizen, ami a genial companion, und his death will be deplored by a large circle of friends throughout the State. No WAR.-A gentleman of Louis? ville, says the Jomttial of that city, on Thursday ol' last week put an interest? ing question to Mr. Seward, Secre? tary of State. Mr. Seward replied ; " I must answer you diplomatically," ana he did. "And now," said the gentleman, "I will ask you another question, and you can answer as diplo? matically as you please: Are we to have war?" ''No!" replied the Secre? tary. Nothing diplomatic about that. The Journal adds: "Wo know that this conversation took place, for we heard it." j TUE END.-The Rev. Dr. Cum ; ming, of London, im still preaching I his favorite theme of the second I advent, and, in a recent discourso, j placed the time in the year 18C7, at j the autumnal equinox. An Ameri? can gentlemen who heard him, writes to one of our regilious papers that "Ve cited a large number of authori? ties, which seemed to confirm his view." There is one "authority" which the preacher evidently forgot: "But of that day and that hour knoweth no man ; no, not the angels which are in Heaven."-Mark xiii, 32. -;-. I The Richmond hotels aro reducing ! their rates to three dojlars a dav The Law, and tho Prophet?. It is related of one of the ancient monarchs, that he mode it the special ?Inty of one of his attendants to sa? lute him, every morning, "with the significant expression, '' Remember thou art mortal.'" He rightly con? cluded, that when mortals forget that there is an inevitable day, and, after it, an inscrutable eternity, the course of their lives is likely to be such, that they will be illy prepared to confront the vast and dread unknown, from which, unless aided by faith and grace, the mind of man instinctively shrinks. He wished to bc kept in constant re? membrance of the great fact, that he was to die and turn to dust, undis? tinguishable from that of thc hum? blest helot in his dominions. The people of the United States should be reminded every day, and in every prooer form, that the Govern? ment they live under has a Constitu? tion-an instrument formed by great and wise men, who had undergone the trials and perils of a long and bloody struggle, to maintain the prin? ciples which it so clearly enunciates principles fundamentally and vitally necessary to the preservation of civil and religious liberty; and they should adopt it as a maxim, that their politi? cal health and well-being requires their public servants, in the highest and lowest capacity, to observe and rigidly adhere to tho Constitution, as tho palladium, the very ark and cove? nant of their liberties. "When tho people shall practically forget that the liberty they prize is liberty regulated by the Constitution and law, and not the license of tem? porary rulers, or temporary majori? ties, they should know that they are silently drifting ont to sea without rudder, compass or chronometer, and will soon be engulphed in the raging maelstrom of anarchy and lawlessness, or fast anchored to the dry-docks of despotism. They are losing sight of a fact, as essentially important to their interests as a free people as the one which the royal mind thought necessary to his safe conduct in life; and the day when the Constitution of the United States shall become extinguished in spirit, and dead in ! its letter, as the nile of our guidance, will be the date when there will begin, in this country, a scene, compared to which, the most hideous features of I the recent civil conflict will whiten into peace and innocence. "We still have a Constitution, and let the people bear it ever in mind, j and take cave that their elected law? givers and rulers shall abide by it. The people should daily din it into the ears of their public servants, and erect some sign which shall serve as a j perpetual monitor to themselves. I They should wear it in their "heart's j core, aye, in their heart of hearts," as j thej- do ]iherty.-~lVas7iville Union. ?;--?? . SECRETARY STANTON AND GENERAL GRANT.-It is generally understood that the late resolution adopted in j Congress, recommending thc con? tinued occupation of the late rebel States by United States troops, ema? nated from the War Office, and that Secretary Stanton sides with the radicals in their policy of a long and rigid probation to the States concern? ed, as the price of their re-admission to Congress. General Grant, on the other hand, as he has declared him? self in his report on the subject, sub? mitted by the President to the Senate, believes that the excluded States should be restored to Congress with? out further delay. True, he baa written a letter, as it .orvuoj^^jj^^j mending the eontini^H troops in the State JH H^^B the exclusion of thjfl jgf^^^u the maintenance ^B|||pB~?MDhe time being; but Getj|MHrrant's idea is te support the jftWn authorities of the States, and not to supersede and keep them down hythe military arni of the Government. In this matter, General Grant's recommendation is in har? mony with President Johnson's policy. Their object is to assist thc civil authorities of the excluded Southern States ii? their work of re? construction, and to get them back into Congress as soon as possible, while the policy of tho Secretary ol War and the radicals is to keep those States out of Congress and out o our national political elections a' long as possible. If the Republicai party is wise, it will adhere to tin policy of Johnson and Grant, anil abandon the*"suicidal programme o' Stanton and Stevens. [New york Herald.. j ANOTHER CRUSADE.-Now that tin moro thau thirty years war upoi I slavery is over, it would seem that wt are to have a fresh one against po lygomy, as another of the "twii relics of barbarism." Thc*work i yet unfinished, according to th Cleveland Leader, a Republicai paper, which says: We are now ready to give a quieto to polygamy, even if it does i\o adopt the same suicidal polioy whicl so speedily killed its twin sister. Bu it seems probable that, having pu down a rebellion for slavery, and pu down slavery too, we may be callo on to put down a rebellion for polygn my. The signs of preparation? for struggle with the United States av thorities are far more manifest i Utah than they ever were in th South, au<! there eau bo no questio that all that is wanting to..precip ; tate the contest is an iiniuc?l?Mt I occasion for conflict. -^ ; Barnato is in Paris for marvel.-,. Our Country's Future. Li this happy holiday season, it is natural that we should strive to ban? ish the gloom that until lately has op? pressed the nation ; and that, instead of gazing upon the cheerless past, we should eagerly look ahead to discover, if possible, what favor the future has in store for our chastened country. It is an easy thin to paint the future in brilliant colors; but blasted hope is more bitter than no hope at all, and it is wrong to inspire an expecta? tion that has no reasonable basis. Still we think tho signs of the times aro promising for the future of the United States. Hitherto, the great political bono of the nation has been sectionalism. The people in different parts of the country have been in constant conflict of opinion concern? ing their political and material inte? rests, and it was the estrangement re? sulting from that difference which led to the sanguinary events of the hast' five years. The seed of discord, jeal? ousy and sectional strife was implant? ed at the very root of our govern? mental tree, and the fruits of that I seed we have seen in the rancor, ha? tred and eventual rebellion, which j have now passed into history. Time alone can definitely decide whether .the great es*il of sectionalism has sur? vived tho terrible ordeal through which the nation has lately passed. Certainly it has received a blow which ought to forever prevent its renewed growth. It is true that we still see some evidence of the old pernicious influence, both at the South and at the North, but there is good reason to hope that this is only the scent that hangs around the broken vase, and which time will ere long dispel. Al? ready we see evidence that national questions are beginning to grow up in the place of the. old sectional issues. Instead of the conflict of interests be? tween certain portions of our common country, which was so long a subject of contention, there is now an evi? dent disposition to nationalize our interests and to make the welfare of a part ot thc whole Union. The in? creasing interest that is manifested in questions relative to our commercial, manufacturing and general trade in? terests, is an encouraging sign of the future. In the early years of our Go? vernment, before the poisonous germ of sectionalism had perm en ted the body politic, the subjects of political dispute were confined to such nation? al questions ?us the tariff, tho finances, territorial extension, internal im? provement, ?feo. There is now an evident tendency of our politics to? ward those national issues whose im? portance has lately become apparent. The old issue of protection and free trade is becoming animated with new life, and its discussion is already warm and wide-spread. The national finances have also become a fruitful theme for controversy; the develop? ment of internal resources and ques? tions respecting the territories are beginning to be agitated, and alto? gether there is an unmistakable dis? position of thc people to avoid the j deadly upas of sectionalism in the fu? ture, and to drift back to tho good old national questions, whose discus? sion is beneficial and not injurious to the welfare of the Union. [New York /Sun. BEHIND TUP. SCENES TN WASHING? TON. -We learn from private advices from a well-informed source, that the following Republican Senators may be relied on, upon test vote, to sus I tain the President: Doolittle, Mor yjimlLarris, Stewart, Cowan, Trum M?^^ff?n, Henderson, Anthony, Bane, of Kansas, and Lane, of In ? diana. The Democrats, who number j ten in the Senate, will uphold him to a man, which will give the President a majority of ono in the Senate.* In the House, the calculation is not so favorable, but enough is now known to satisfy all parties of the impossi? bility of passing any measure over the President's veto. This secures to the Executive, beyond a peradven? ture, ult?male triumph, ('engross has never yet been able to sustain, and successfully conclude, any war with the President which was begun with less than a two-thirds vote. It is expected that the admission of tho Tennessee d?l?gation will be the first trial of real strength, although tho radicals would prefer to make "negro suffrage in the District" tho question; ! but the President is known to feel a ] great personal as well ?LS Shite inte ? rest in the former issue, ?ind its I adjustment will be the conclusivo test ' of friendship or enmity towards his policy.--Petersb urg Index. The New York Chamber of Com? merce has decided against co-opera? ting in a movement to call together a National Convention to devise mea? sures to increase the production of cotton in the United ?States, on the ground that its cultivation is mani? festly so important and profitable that "the promptings qt personal interest will secure the desired re? sults," and that "this motive is already attracting the capital requi? site to produce a large cotton crop for the ensuing year." This conclu? sion appears to have beep roached after a careful investigation of the subject. Thc whole number of barrels of I mackerel inspected in Massachusetts j last grear was 256,796)6, against I 274,357'.i in ?8G4, showing a decrease lof 17,561or a decrease of over ' 50,000 from the returns of 1863. . While the number of barrels caught 1 have fallen off. the quality of the ? catch has improved. f Discovery of a New Stock for Paper. If wo aro to credit the papers which reach us by the last English mails, a substance has at last been discovered which will take the place of cotton and rags in the manufacture of paper. It is found in the Southern provinces of Spain, and is known as "esparto grass. " The London Economist speaks of this discovery as follows: The important position which the lately discovered article of petroleum has rapidly taken in commerce is very interesting in itself, as suggesting how quickly the discovery of any new principle of motion would exercise an important influence on the pre? sent state of our industry. Another discovery bas lately been made, which though of less importance than that of petroleum, is still so interest? ing in character, and so useful as regards an important article bf mami facture, that we think our readers will l>e glad to receive the following in? formation on thc subject. "Wc allude to thc discovery lately made of the applicability of the Atocha, or, as it is called in Spain, "esparto," to the manufacture of paper. Mr. Lloyd, of the Waltham stow Paper Mills, is stated to have had a great share in the merit of this discovery; and Mr. Mark, tho British Consul at Malaga, has drawn up an interesting report on this subject, which has lately been made public in the commercial reports. This grass is the produce of waste lands-it re? quires no expense in cultivation and little in collecting. It is best propa? gated from the roots and not from seed. It is perennial, and propagates of itself, and improves by a regular yearly gathering, if plucked with sufficient care. Mr. Mark has de? voted great care in his endeavors to ascertain the climate and soil which are favorable to the development ^f the plant; and it appears that the Atocha requires a decidedly bot and dry climate; that it grows equally well in the plains and in the moun? tains to a moderate elevation, and that as regards soil it flourishes both in calcareous and argilaccous soils, or when these soils arc blended in the form of marl. The greatest quantity is shipped from the provinces of Almeria and Marcia; but it is found, though in less abundance, in all the Southern provinces of Spain. It is also said to be plentiful in some parts of tho opposite coast of Africa, and ship? ments are made from Oran to Eng? land. Prior to the discovery of its being made available for the manu? facture of paper, the * esparto bad been used in Spain as fuel, in the manufacture of ropes for mining and rigging, and for making baskets and matting. But the discovery of the valuable properties of the grass has made a complete revolution in the districts where it grows. Fortunes have been realized by individuals who wero tho proprietors of the land which pro? duces it. The price has more than doubled, and is now estimated by Mr. Mark at ?4 2s. per English ton on board. The greater part of the ex? ports have, as yet, been directed to England, where, in the brief space of three or four years, the article has become a requisite of the highest im? portance, 160,000 tons having been, as it is said, imported into England in that period; and Mr. Mark esti? mates the present rate of annual ex? port at 50,000 tons. Mr. Mark esti? mates that, even at its present en? hanced price, the Spanish grass will take a place with cotton, hemp and wool, as one of the staple and essen? tial bases of manufacturing industry; and if this anticipation should be realized, in addition to the valuable resource which it seems likely to pro vc to our paper manufacturers, it will form an important element in trade between this oonntry and Spain. This is a matter of peculiar impor? tance to us in this country, in view of the enormous price of paper. Why may not this "esparto grass" be naturalized at the South, where the climate and soil correspond with that of Southern Spain? This is a matter worth investigating, [Nett York Evening Post. LITERATURE TV THE SOUTH.-The Atlanta (Georgia) New Era says: The disposition to read new books, as now displayed in the South, is unexam? pled. All manner of books are pur? chased eagerly, and read with avidity. Poetry, which a few years ago would have remained Qn thc shelves of bookstores until cob-webs had thick? ened over the covers, is now bought up and read with a ready relish; and works of fiction, no matter how weak and stale, find some tender female to weep over the haps and mishaps of their ill-conceived heroines. We are glad to see this evident benring of the public mind. An epoch of book-making is the happiest one in the history of a nation. It is significant of wealth and prosperity, lt shows that thp min: b; of the people are turned away from golden idols, and are seeking food for mental cul? ture. It evinces 1he fact that the war and its concomitant train are no longer blasting the public mi a I, but that all are willing to come up and feed at t. o same intellectual stall, and labor together for the propagation of an ora of letters in our national his? tory. Let us have it. The exports of Great Britain, for eleven months of last year, (Decem? ber l?eing omitted,) amounted to ?150,832,'?41-an increase over tho corresponding period of the previous year, of ?2.491,479. Local Items. Advertisements, to insure insert iou, should bo handed in br 4 o'clock p. m. CASH.-Our terms f??r subscription, ad vertisiiig and job work are cash. Wc hope all parties will bear this in mind. "THE CODE."-Thc Acts passed by lb? Legislature relative to the freedmcu, for sale at this oflicc. Price 20 couts; by mail 25 cent?. AGENTS YOU THE PUONIX.-Thomas p. Slider, Esq., of Charleston, and H. L. Darr, Esq., of Sumter, aro th? authorized agent*, of the Plugnie, in those section? of thu State. MAIL Ann ANOEMENTS.-Tho post office is open daily from 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. and from 5 to C p. m. The Northern mail ia closed at 9 j>. m.; Greenville !) p. m.: South Carolina Railroad mails G p. m. Thc attention of capitalists is invited to the notice of tho lease of the Laurens Railroad. This road can be made to pay, although it is a short route; it runs through a section of country fully able to give a liberal support. We publish this morning an advertise? ment from Jas. B. Betts, Esq., a survivor of au old Charleston house- Robert Adgcr A Co. Mr. B. has a large stock of dry goods, and offers great inducements to dealers. TUE BURNING OF COLUMBIA. -An inter? esting account of thc "Sack and Destruc? tion of tho City of Columbia, S. C.," ha? just been issaed, in pamphlet form, from tho Phonix. steam power press. Orders can be tilled to any extent. Yesterday (January 2o) was tho 107th anniversary of the birth of Robert Purus. What has become of thc "Burns Club," of this city? We remember spending several pleasant evenings with them, "in days of old lang syne." Re-organize the society, gentlemen. We call the attention of our readers to an advertisement in another column of a Mr. Lambert, who was for many years in the dry goods trado in New York -dealing principally with Southern houses. He is now advertising himself as a banker and broker, and as such recommend him to his former friends. PLANT TBEES.-Many of the shade trees in our streets and gardens were destroyed in tho burning of our city, last February, and it is well known that, besides their ntility, thoy were always regarded as one of tho greatest ornaments to our once beautiful city. As the season is rapidly passing away for the transplanting of their successors, wc suggest that wherever prac ticablc young trees should be planted, so that, as the town is being rebuilt, these useful and ornamental appendages maj' be growing to maturity. DE VA VE: A Story of Plebeian? and Pa? tricians. By Hon. Henry W. Hilliard, ex Member United States Congress. Two volumes in ono. New York: Blelock A Co. Thc above is the title of a new work, just issued from the press, by the "\x>et preachcr" of the South, Hon. Henry W. Hilliard. Thc scenes are laid principally in and near Columbia, and are so exqui? sitely delineated as to be perused with interest by one and all. Any one intimately acquainted with the surrounding country cannot fail to recognize the scenes de? scribed by the talented author. Aside from its local character, the work possesses intrinsic literary merits, which will be fully appreciated by other than the mere lovers of fiction. The book is for sale by Messrs. Townsend A North. NEW ADVEBTISEMENTS. - Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which are published this morning for the tirst time: Apply at this Office -Situation Wanted. Edward Lambert-Banker and Broker. Laurens Railroad to Lease. James Sims --Memorandum Book Lost. Moses IaljeiUhal - Public Notice, Jas. B, Betts-Dry Gooda. Hanahan A Warley Corn, Flour, otc, . " -Bates ville (roods. Richard Caldwell-Flour. Thc latest and greatest discovery in don tal hygenjc is Sozodont. It has superseded all the ordinary dentifrices, anO for this reason: that while it contains no solvent principle injurious to the onamol of tho teeth, it obliterates tartar and every other dental concretion, prevents canker of tho gums, removes blemishes, both from the molars and incisors, and leaves the breath pure and sweet. t IMMIGRATION.-The Norfolk Virgi? nian says: "We understand that there are se? veral gentleman in the city from New York and New Jersey, who have brought on with them their seeds and teams, with tim view of purchasing farms and entering ivpon tho cultiva? tion of Virginia lands. Some have purchased, and others are desirous, and intend to do so, if they can make the necessary arrangements with the hind-holders." A NEW SCENE.-A few nights since during a performance of the Lady of Lyons at a theatre in Columbus, Ohio, a spectator was bold enough to hiss something which displeased him. A policeman tried to put hint out, without suocoss, when '^Claude Me| notte" left the .stage and carried tho disturber into tlie street, and then returned to his acting. Qoyernor .Buckingham, of Coii neotiout, uud other capitalist* at Norwich, have formed a company, with 050,000 capital, to carry on the lumber business, principally at tho South. Very furious gales have been ex? perience on thc English coast, and a series of disasters to American ship? ping is reported. j