Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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COLUMBIA. Thursday Morning, Bee. 28,1865. Th? Pr?sident and Congress. The radical press of the North are very anxious to show that they and their party are in accord with and sustain the President'? policy of restoration. The Louisville Courier very truthfully remarks, that " there is a wide difference between that policy and the measures they advo? cate." The President's plan contemplates the re-initatement of the several States to their rightful position in the Union. Every demand he has made upon the States, every measure he has suggested, every requirement he has enforced, has looked to this grand result. Ho tolls Congress that they arc the judge? of the qualifications of their members, and upon the strength of this admission thc radicals set up tho claim that tho President is with them in their designs of keeping the Southern members from their seats. In making tho statement that the Houses were tho jndges of the qualifications of their own members, tho President was simply stating a fact known to every ono, j and which was not intended by him to convey tho impression that he was willing that the Southern members should be ex? cluded, or that he, as a co-ordinate branch of the Government, would tolerate their exclusion. The whole argument of the message proves that the President is not only anxious that the Union may be fully restored, but that he is determined that it shall be. He is consistent with what ho regarded as the objoct and purpose of the war, wl-.Ue tho radicals are shamelessly eating their own words. He claimed that thc war was waged for the preservation of the Union, and ho now insists that the Union is saved. The radicals, on tho other hand, while claiming the samo objoct for the war during its progress, now unblush? ingly proclaim tha' the Union is not saved. And yet they would have the world behove that they and tho President occupy a com? mon platform. The difference between them is exceedingly plain. The President wants to seo tho States in their old posi? tions, and the radicals swear that they will not permit it. Evidently, under these circumstances, somebody must give way. Either tho Pre? sident must abandon his policy of recon? struction, or thc radicals must withdraw their opposition. Nothing is now wanting but the admission of the Southern mem? bers to their seats to complete the Presi? dent's policy. This, unfortunately, is m tho hands and under the control of the radicals. They can delay, and may, possi? bly, prevent thc admission of those mem? bers to their seats. As we have said before, tho President is master of the position. All that Congress can do now, is to keep the members elect from the Southern States out of Congress until another election? The President can restore the right of habeas corpus; he can withdraw tho 'military force from every State in tho South, and with the appoint? ing power in his hands, ho can surround himself with a host of friends who will sus? tain him in his great and patriotic work. It is to bo hoped that he will stand firmly up to this work, and that bo will not cease his efforts until it is fully accomplished. -1 ? ? > Tine Injury to Commerce. The injurious effect of the late war upou thc commerce of tho. United States is shown by the following figures, which wo extract from the liichmo int ast-oj >atch : In 1860, thc foreign commerce of the United States was, imports $252.187,587; exports $362,103.94, making a total com? mercial movement of $702,000,000. In 1864, thc figures were reduced as follows: imports $252,187.587; exports $331,800,450. The whole making a total commerce of only $583,000,000, and disclosing a falling off of nearly two hundred millions. During this period, whdo this decrease was occurring in tho commerce of tho United State*, that of other countries was receiving an extraordinary development. Li 1860-'fil, tho foreign commerce of France aggregated $873,000,000. In 1863, it had increased to $1,352,500,000. In 1860-'61, that of Great Britain was $1,800,000,000. In 18C2, it had increased to $2,000,000,000, exclusivo of specie. In 1S62, the free city of Hamburg imported and exported to an aggrogato value of 551,000,600-almost equalling in value that of the United States in 1864. The foreign commerce of the new Kingdom of Italy was, in 1862, $2,59,000,000, or one-half that of the United States in 1864. Thc commerce of the Colonial Empire of Great Britaiu amounts now to $1,100,000,000 por annum-twice that of the United States. Facts like these show the importance of putting an end to tho senseless quarrels between sections. The fact is, that thc prosperity of tin-South is indispensable to thegenera] prosperity of the United States. ?TT* .ly^v^v - . - -e.... The cotton, the tobacco, the rice, the naval atarea of the South, are among the peculiar and principal elemento of American com? merce. The Northern mind ia beginning to appreciate this important fact. Bj none ia it more folly comprehended than by the wis? and practical statesman at the head of the American Government. None better understands than he the value of peace, of real peace, to the whole Union. Tho radicals who are seeking to embarrass his policy are, in reality, fighting against tho highest interests of their own section. Every step that President Johnson tokes to conciliate and rehabilitate the South adds to the common wealth and common strength of America. FBOM ALABAMA.-The Hon. It. if. Patton was inugurated as Governor of Alabama at Montgomery on tho 13th inst. He endorses tho policy of the President, whom he calls upon the people to sustain; he asks that the freedman shall be dealt fairly with and protected in his new position. Ho adds: The reconstruction or restoration policy of tho President was duly submitted to the people of Alabama, and has been un- i hesitatingly accepted by them. It may be safely asserted that, aa far as the work of reconstruction has progressed in this State, it has been in strict conformitv with what was understood to be the policy of the General Government. Without undue murmuring, and in perfect good faith, our people have patriotically conformed to all the exigencies of thc "situation." They fully and fairly accept the results of the war, with all their legitimate conse? quences. Patiently and uncomplainingly obedient to all the requirements of the Constitution, laws, and even military orders of tho United States since the war closed, tho people of Alabama have giveu every possi ole evidenco which a human action can furnish, of unfeigned integrity of purpose, and dovoted loyalty to tho General Govern? ment. Wo may rightfully claim, there? fore, that our State ia fully entitled to bo placed in that position in the Union where she will stand as the political equal of any other State under the Federal Constitu? tion. In this faithful acquiescence in re? sults, and this sincere desire for tho resto? ration of amicablo and harmonious rela? tions with the other States of the Union, there are no party divisions among us. Those who favored, and those who op? posed secession, now stand firmly and heartily together. Tho Macon Telegraph learns from un questioned1anthority that Gov. Marvin, of i Florida, proposed, on Monday last, on his own responsibility, to induct into tho Gubernatorial office of the State his legally elected successor, tba Hon. David Walker. Gov. Marvin, well acquainted with Presi? dent's Johnson's views, and in intimate re? lations of friendship with him, has decided that, as Florida, through her Convention and Legislature, has complied with all tho requirements of the Administration, fur? ther consultation with President Johnson concerning tho establishment of the per? manent State Government of the State is superfluous. Ho therefore will inaugurate his successor. Mn. ASHLEY'S LILL FOK RE-OBGANIZATIOX. -The bill introduced by Representative Ashley, of Ohio, to reconstruct the South? ern States, is more stringent in its provi? sions than any for a similar object hereto? fore presented. It provides for the appointment of provisional governors, with marshals and district attorneys for tho temporary discharge of civil duties. The inhabitants of each State, irrespective of race or color, aro to be enrolled. If a majority take the oath to support tho Con? stitution of the United States, the Gover? nor shall, by proclamation, invite tho loyal people to elect delegates to a convention to re-establish a State Government. The delegates aro required to take and sub? scribo to the oath of allegiance, and no person can thus serve or vote who has held or exercised any civil or military office under the Confederation, or voluntarily bore arms against tho United States. Both the oath to support tho Constitution of the Unitod States and tho oath of allegiance aro to be administered to voters. The Constitution formed mnst bo Republi? can, and not repugnant to tho Con? stitution of the United States and De? claration of Independence, and it must pr?vido that involuntary servitude is forever prohibited ; that no Confederate, State or municipal debt shall ever be recognized or paid, that perfect toleration of religion shall bo secured, and no in? habitant shall ever be molested in person or property on account of his or har mode of religious worship, and that no person shall enter upon any office within the gift of the people, until he shall have first taken thc oath to support the Constitution of the United States, and an oath to main? tain the perpetual union of thea* States. This covenant is to be perpetual. If the Constitution shall como up to these and other requirements, a copy shall bc sent to thc President of the United States, who, after obtaining the consent of Congress, shall, by proclamation, recognize the Go? vernment so established. This Act is not to oporato as a recognition of a State Go? vernment in the State of Tennessee till thc conditions aforesaid aro complied with; and til! that tiaio, Tennessee and all thc States recent ly in rebellion shall ba sub? ject to this law. Secretary Stanton has applied to Con? gress for an appropriation of $100,000 to purchase Fords Theatre, to be fitted np for the custody of papers relating to sick or wounded soldiers during the rebellion, and to hospitals, and the operations of the medical and surgical department of the rm ?y. m . ?W??.'?"!?' ...... -r.^-y^-w?.' ? ..?va>T---.j-> Tia? ?teport ?X Generali Howard, General Howard, Superintendent of the Freedman's Burean, in an elaborate re? port, makes many recommendations. He says that wherever the planters have taken advantage of the aid offered by thc Bureau, the best results have followed; that the Bureau, in conjunction with thc military force, is at present a means of encouraging immigration to tho different Southern States, and that, as nearly $12,000,000 will be required for the expen? diture of tho Bureau for the next year, he does not feel that tho difficult problem given him has been solved, nor does he hope for complete and satisfactory results in the work of the Bureau yet. He firmly beheves that the same just God that conducted tis to freedom, will so continue to direct ns that we shall be able to keep thc pledge wo have made, that freedom shall ba a substantial reality. In reference to his observations in this State, during his late tour South, he says: I proceeded to Charleston, S. C., reach? ing there October 17. After conversing with General Saxton, thc Assistant Com? missioner, and with the land-owners, I re? solved io KO to Edisto, as soon as thc people could be convened at some central poiid. Thursday, October li), accompanied nv several officers, and the representative of the Edisto planters, Mr. William Whalcy, I mot tho freedmen at a largo church on tho island. The rumor had already roach? ed the freedmen that I proposed to'restoro the lands, and evidences of dissatisfaction and sorrow were manifested from every part of the assembly. I explained what I behoved to be tho wishes of tho President, as sot forth in his interview with mo just beforo loaring Washington, and as embo? died in my instructions above recorded. Thc people" chose a committee of three of their number, and to them I submitted the propositions to which the land-owners were willing to subscribe. The committee " sr.id that on no condition would tho colored people be willing to work for their former owners under overseers as before, but if they could rent the lauds of them, they would consent in other respects to ar? rangements proposed. S' .me would work for wages, but tho general feeling seem? ed to be that they ought to be allowed to rent the lands. By a unanimous vote, it was agreed that the matter be left to my decision, as to whether tho restoration should be made, and as io the conditions. After careful consideration, I deemed it advisable to take course as follows: Constitute a board of supervisors, in which tho Government, the planter and tho freedman had each a reprc sentativo, for the adjustment of contracta and cases of difficulty. Each land-owner was required to sign an obligation, after which the order of re? storation was to be issued. . Capt. Ketchum accompanied me to Sa? vannah, and met several of thc planters interested in lands held under General Sherman's order, and was instructed by me to ace that, the interests of the. freedmen were protected as not to deprive them ol homes. I passed from Georgia to Fernandina, Florida, and thence to Jacksonville, ex? plaining iu the best manner I could the objects of my mission to both the planters and the freedmen. Circular 15, from this bureau, approved by tho President, had already occasioned the restoration of a great proportion ol tho lands held as abandoned in different parts of tho United States, and as General Sherman's S. F. O., No. 16, hereto attach? ed, required tho confirmat ion of tho Presi? dent beforo any show of title could bc given to the freedmen-the land-owners claimed the benefits of the same Cir? cular 15. On arriving at Mobile, I received thc fol? lowing telegram from yourself : WASHINGTON*, October 25, 1S65. To Major-General Howard: I do not understand that your orders re? quire you to disturb thc freedmen in thc possession at present, but only ascertaii whether a just, mutual agreement can b< made between the pardoned owners ant the freedmen, and if it can, then carry it into effect. (Signed) E. M. STANTON, Secretary of War I at once sont tho following despatch tc Captain Ketchum: BUREAU OF KEFTJGESS, FREEDMEN" AND ABANDONED LANDS, MOBILE, ALA., November 4, 1865. Captain A. P. Ketchum, Charleston, S. C. ( Care of General Hufus Saxton:) Despatch of Secretary received. Bo sun to have tho supervising boards constitutec for each locahty, before anything else ii done. They can aid iu making the agreo m?nt referred to by Mr. Stanton. O. O. HOW ABD, Major-General, Commissioner. Believing that if an agreement, mutual Iv satisfactory, could possibly be made this would be the best mode of procurin' the arrangement. The course I had pursued I endoavorcc briefly to apprise you of on the receipt o the above despatch from your office, by i telegram from Mobile, which is as follows BUREAU OF UEKUOEES, FREEDMEN AND ABANDONED LANDS, MOBILE, ALA. , November S, 1865. Hon. E. M. Stanton, Secretary of War. SIR: Your despatch intended for me a Charleston, reached mo here. I set Capt A. P. Ketchum at work to make forma restoration to tho pardoned, provided the, complv with Circular 15, and providei they signed au obligation which 1 drew n; as nearly satisfactory to all parties as any? thing I could arrange. I gave the freed mon a Supervising Board to guard thei interests. O. O. HOW ABD, Major-General, Commissioner. I havu the honor to submit this ropor for thc consideration of yourself and th Executive under whose express orders was acting. lt is exceedingly difficult to reconcile th conflicting interests now arising witb ri gard to lands that have been so long in th possession of the Government as those along the coast of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. I would recommend that the attention of Congress be called to the sub? ject of this report at aa ear bj a day as pos? sible, and that these lands, or a part of them, be purchased by the United States, with a view to the rental and subsequent sale to tho freedmen. I have the honor to be. very reapoctfullv, vour obedient servant, O. O. HOWARD, Major-General, Commissioner. GREELEY OTT THE PRESIUXNT'S MESSAGE. President Johnson yesterday transmitted to the Senate deeply interesting reports recently made to him on the condition of thc South by General Grant, General Howard and General Schurz, accompany? ing them by a brief message, wherein he recommends an earlv restoration of the States lately in rebellion to all thc rights and privileges which thev forfeited by at? tempting to break up the Union. Wc find in the text of this message no adequate reason for Mr. Sumner's denun? ciation of it. If thc President had demanded of Congress that it act on his judgment rather than its own, then ho would have acted unwarrantably ; but as he has simply given his own view ot the existing situation, with his reasons for suggesting a particular course, he deserves neither denunciation nor obloquy. Two great ends are now in view : 1. Tho restoration of tho States lately in revolt to their former position in thc Union. 2.' The protection of their freedmen from future oppression and outrage. Wo are in favor ot both these. Wo axe opposed to keeping the Southern States indefinitely in tho condition of conquered provinces or terri? tories ; we are in favor of requiring and providing guaranties for the protection and rights of their freedmen. There may he those who fancy that they are favoring thc freedmen bv calling for tho execution of the rebel chiefs, the confiscation of rebel property, and tho perpetuation of Southern pupilage-or rather, vassalage; but wo believe there is a kinder and surer tray of reaching the end wo aim at. We nee not how wc could help tho freedmen by making war either on tho President or on 1 tho rebels, who have thrown down their arms. W'hero we find either in fault, we do not hesitato to say so; but we judge that tho true interest of the blacks is to bo subnerved by cultivating thc kindliest re? lations with both. Wo trust there will bo developed in Con? gress tho suavity and practical sagacity required to secure at ouce an early resto? ration of the Southern States, and a per? fect and perpetual guaranty of tho essen? tial rights of manhood to their freedmen. And wc still hopo to soo Congress and tho President co-operate in securing these beneficent and nowise inconsistent ends. [New York Tribune. Hope against hope, Mr. Greeley. Tour party is divided in twain; and all your di? plomacy cannot restore its integrity. TUE Mn.r.s Hor/SE.-This splendid es? tablishment, after having been closed for some years, bas, within a few days, boon re-opened bv its former worthy and popular proprietor, Mr. Joseph Purcell, in a stylo j of neatness and elegance that must suit tho most fastidious of human kind; and, ?hilo wo attempt no description of its inte? rior arrangements, wc. must say that its apparent comforts throughout .surpass anything of the kind that we have over seen in our city. The bed-rooms have not only a very showv and splendid appear? ance, but a cheerful reality, inasmuch as that the beds and accompaniments aro of tho tatest improved patterns, designed to give the occupant the most luxurious ease* and the social and the smoking parlors are furnished with a costliness and a neatness, an unadorned elegance, that is really worth seeing. The drawing-rooms exhibit a look of gorgeousness, intermixed with a sim? plicity, that is truly striking, and makes one, as ho enters "them, pronounce them the most elegant apartments of the kind that he has ever seen in Charleston. The dining-room of this establishment cannot ho surpassed in the country, and deserves notice more from the pencil of an archi tu;t than thc pen ai the reporter, if one tenth of ita beauties are to be displayed before the public. Suffice it for us to say, that its furniture is of the latest style and Ci/stly, and the tastiness of its decorations, ami tho rich clearness of its gold and whito embellishments, present one of tho most beautiful and splendid appearances we have ever witnessed. Tho bar and pantry of the house, as well as other accessories ol'the establishment, have undergone the keen supervision of the proprietor, and bear the same evidences of taste, neatness and elegance. In short, there is nothing wanting in this magnificent hotel, but rather au abundance of everything seems, to float about it. For Mr. Purcell, its clever and pleasant host, wo would bespeak a liberal and un? stinted patronage, for he has been long ':nowi? among us as one of our best citizens, adhering to us iu all that wo have recently ERBsed through; and, while ho shared our appiness, submitted with meekness, and bore his full portion of the sorrow that lately bowed us down.-Charleston News. --?* Two negro men, John Walker and Robert McKey, convicted of larceny by tho New Hanover (N. C.) County Court, have been sentenced to bo sold into sorvitudo for a period not exceeding live years. Tho sen? tence is agreeable to tho laws of tho State in relation to freedmen before tho war. The Russian-American Telegraph Expe? dition was near Talla Rake on tho 13th of November-all well. The line has been completed 440 mile? above New Westmin? ster, and the wire for 400 miles more was on the ground. The loss to steamboat property, on Sa? turday, by the. moving of the ico gorge at St. Louis, Missouri, including tho cargoes, is about $250,000, of which $10,000 is in? sured. Two millions pounds of cotton, damaged at thc recent fire, in New York, was sold at auction on the 20th inst., at from 2@14Jc. per pound. A tire at Owensboro, Kentucky, on Fri? day, consumed tho block of buildings oji thc comer of 2d and St. Ann streets. LOSS, ?2".>,0O0. * Local Items. The Post Office ie located on Lady street, near Assembly. CJJBH.-Our terms for subscription, ad? vertising and job work are cash. We hope all parties will bear this in mind. Tn BURNING or COLUMBIA.-An inter? esting account of the "Sack and Destruc? tion of the City of Columbia, S. C.," has ust boon issued, in pamphlet form, from the PhamiK steam power press. Orders ean bo filled to asy extent. ATTEMPT FRUSTRATED.-On Tuesday night, some parties tried to break into the store of Mr. Melvin M. Cohen. The fasten? ings of the door proved too strong, and before they could accomplish their intent they wcro fired upon by Mr. Diercks, who occupies the dwelling above tho store. THE FREEDMEN.-General il. Ely, Chief Agent of the Freedmen's Bureau, for thc Western District of South Carolina, ad j dressed a largo concourse of tho people in his charge, on yesterday. He had just commenced to speak, in one of our vacant squares, when a heavy shower compelled tho meeting to adjourn to the church oc? cupied by the colored people. We will possibly bc able to give a synopsis of his remarks to-morrow. KEW BOOKS.-We have received from Mesrs. D. Appleton ?fc Co., (443 and 445 Broadway, New York,) through Messrs. Townsend & North, tho following books, which, with a number of others, havo been issued by those publishers since 18G1: THE FIRST BOOK IN ENGLISH GRAMMAR; by G. P. Quackonbos, AI M., Principal of the Collegiate School, New York. 18mo, 40 cents. AN ENGLISH GRAMMAR; by G. P. Quackon? bos, A. M. 1 vol., 12mo, 00 cents. PRIMARY HISTORY OE TUE UNITED STATES, made easy and interesting for beginners; by G. P. Quackonbos, A. M. 1 neat vol., 4to, pp. 200. THOUGHTS ON PERSONAL RELIGION, being a Treatiso of thc Christian Lifo in its Iwo Chief Elements-Devotion and Practice; by Edward Mevrick Goulbourn, D. D. 12mo, cloth, S1.50. LYRA AMERICANA, or Verses of Praise and Faith from tho American Poets, selected and arranged by tho Bev. George T. Bider, M. A. 12mo, cloth, $2. A CRITICAL HISTORY OF FREE THOUGHT, in Reference to tho Christian Religion. Eight Lectures, preached before the University of Oxford, in tho vcar 1862, on the Foundation of the late Rev. John Bampton, M.A., Canon of Salisbury; by Adam Storey Farrar, M. A. 1 thick vol,, 12mo, cloth, $2. THACKERAY, THE HUMORIST AND THE MAN OFLETTEES. The Story of his Lifo and Literary Labors, including a Selection from his Characteristic Speeches, now for .?he first time gathered together; by Theodore Taylor. To which is added "In Memoriam,'' by Charles Dickens, and a Sketch by Anthony Trollope, with Por? trait and Illustrations. 1 vol., 12mo, cloth, $1.50. EDUCATION, INTELLECTUAL, MORAL AND PHYSICAL; by Herbert Spencer. 12mo, cloth, $1.50. TnE HAND-BOOK OF DINING, or Corpulency and Leanness Scientifically Considered. Comprising thc Art of Dining on Correct Principles, consistent with Easy Diges? tion, thc avoidance of Corpulency, and the cause of Leanness, together with special remarks on these subjects; by Brill?t Savarin, author of the "Physio? logic du Gout.'' Translated by L. F. Simpson. Cloth, $1.25. MY CAVE LIFE IN VICKSBURO, with Letters of Trial nv 1 Travel; by a lady. 12mo, cloth, $1. Two PICTURES, or What We Think of Our? selves, and What the World Thinks of Us; by Maria J. McIntosh. 12mo, cloth, $1.75. BEATRICE; by Julia Kavanagh, author of "Nathalie," "Adele," "Queen Mab," &c, Ac. Throe volumes in one. 12mo, cloth, $2. HINTS TO RIFLEMEN; by H. W. S. Cleve? land. Lino, cloth, $1.50. The above works arc all for salo by Messrs. Townsend k North. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.-Attention is call tcd to the following advertisements, which are published this morning for the first time: Enlargement Charleston Daily Nows. Acacia Lodge-Regular Communication. Levin A Peixotto-Building Lot. " " -Mules, Wagons, fcc. " " -Furniture, Ac. J. J. O'Connell-St. Marv's Colloge. A. R. Phillips-Cottage, "Bricks, &c. Nomination Maj. T. Stark for Mayor. Major Lee-Lost Box. C. S. Jenkins-Groceries, Provisions, &c. Monticello Female. Institute. Messrs. A. G. Sibley and James Thorpe, who have a lumber mill at tho head of tide? water on Fowl river, near Natchez, were attacked by a party of negroes recently, and in defending themselves, killed one and wounded another. Tho announcement that Gen. Gillmoro had resigned his position in tho regular army is untrue. Ilo still retains his ri?uk in the Engineer Corps, and his brevet rank of Major-General in the regular service. Joseph Williams, a negro, was arrested in New Orleans on the 6tli inst., upon tho heinous charge of committing a rape upon a little white girl aged four years. A man named Huntley, or Delano, while attempting to walk a "tight rope, in thc Wilmington (N. C.) theatre, a few days ago, fell and crushed in his skull. Thc tux levy for tho present year in New York Cits- exceeds eighteen "millions of dollars.