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COLUMBIA. Tuesday Morning, Dec. 19, 1865. Ornerai Torhmaa'i Immigration Scheme. Gen. Toonman, who raised a brigade of troops in Louisiana for tho Confed?ralo Army, has, since the restoration of peace, devoted himseir to the task of maturing a plan by which European emigrants can speedily to brought to thc South. Gen. T. is perhaps tho most proper foreigner iu the South to work for our interests abroad. Ho has a European reputation, having held the responsible position of Vice-President .of the Polish Council, in Paris, (France,) an office which brought him into contact with many of the most distinguished statesmen of Europe. Ile has resided for many years in the South, and now devotes his great talents to the development of our dormant resources. The following letter is taken from tho Richmond Whig, of tho 16th November. His plan of operation therein sketched, has since received the fullest attention from two land companies, one forming in .this State, thc other under tho Presidency of Gen. G. W. Carter, of Texas. Both companies we hear, arc now negotiating with Gen. T. with a view to secure his valuable services. .Ve would ask our readers to give ?. care? ful consideration to the subjoined letter., and have authority for stating that Gen. T. will be glad to communicate with parties who ftesire to form land companies. His post offi ;c address, is Richmond, Va. IMMIGRATION.-With singular unanimity, .che press of Virginia are advocating the necessity of organization, for the purpose of introducing labor into the State. Thc difficulties which environ the subject are well understood to be, the ignorance of the demand and the competition of tho North-west. This ignorance is no small matter. It is not only necessary to teach, but to unteach-the trouble being not so much that people have never heard, but that they have heard too much that ?3 false. And the competition with so much capital, such combinations and legislative grants, is no contemptible adversary, that is to bo met only by newspaper articles and declarations. Organization with .money is wanting. All the talk that can flow from thc most eloquent lips, Will never .convince against the material arguments that an organized body of agents urgo upon needy emigrants, accompanied with the clink of precious metals. Plead to an unprejudiced mind of balmy airs and fer? tile soils-of snnnj- alones and spontane? ous fruits; whisper of bright flowers and glorious increase; of lands where "the sweet South Breathes on a bank of violets, Stealing and giving odor;" and yon have little chance with a bustling fellow who furnishes broad acres of grain, all for nothing, transportation free, the rights and privileges; of the sovereign, "carry you free, sir, and give you a bottle of wine to boot, sir; 109 acres of best land in tho world, sir, all for nothing; schools, churches, railroad running through the land, sir> send you to Congress next year, *ir; walk this wav, sir; carry your bundle, sir." Ac. Ac. What chance do we stand with land at a price per acre, and nobody to represent us? If you add that thc work of years and the universal effort of thc world have been directed to misrepresent ns. you may form some faint idea of the .difficulties wo have to combat. We have dealt in generalities too long. The very nature of tho obstacles teaches us the means of overcoming them. Know? ing how they ire formed, we are instructed in thc way of removing them. Dispute about details as we will, thc plain objects are before us: To disabuse the public mind of its error in regard to our country lay before them its natural advantages, and* contribute means tobring i ninigratiori :o us. When we consider thc impoverished state of the country-tho want of means to work what we have-the struggle against want and all the privations that ari- upon us, wo can well see the very serious nature of thc task before us and siam! aghast at a labor that seems Hercu? lean. Yet tile very cause of our want gives us the means of supplying it. Sell or lease idle land-a plan which, without sacrifice, will givo us thc labor required, and at thc same lime will use our idle land in lieu of ready money-will readily com? mend itself to our farmers, and we pro? pose to lay before them the outlines of such a one, which has been carefully elaborated and criticised, and which is eminently practical, read tho letter below .Vom General Tochmau. Thc figures lie gives are ti) be under stoo 1 as purely hypothetical -not intended to govern simply t-- elucidate: RICHMOND, Va., Nov. 13, isci.">. To the Editor of the Whig. Sin: The suggestion of thirty years' cre? dit to tho European emigrants, which was published in your issue of the :24th ultimo, with thc letter 1 addressed on the subject of Europeau immigration, to Mr. J. D. B. DcBow, is c .'isidor.id by many persons as too long a tenn. 1 m ado this suggestion simply to e . uragc the emigrants to wend their way S nth. But I can state positively that not oiiii out of a hundred emigrants would avail himself of this privilege, and continue to pay H per cent, during thirty years; though, should tho offer of such a tenn of payment bo made to them, it might induce many to come South who. are able and would prefer to pay for their "land im? mediately, or iu a year or two after settling here-and yet are not determined to cross the Atlantic. However this suggestion might have opo rated, 1 give it up when it is objectionable, and request you, respectfully, tu allow mo to p?esent, through your columns, to tho land-holders, another suggestion: . Supposing that twenty-five land-holders own m the aggregate* 1,000,000 acres of land, and that 5 of them, for 300,000 acres, demand tl per acre -$300,000; 5 of t hem, for 300,000 acres, demand $2 per acre - $400,000; 5 of them, for 200,000. acres, de? mand $3 per acre-$600,000; 5 of them, for 150,000 acres, demand tiper acre-$600,000; 3 of them, for 100,000 acres, demand $5 per acre-$500,000; 2 of them, for 50.000 acres, demand $G per acre-$300,000. Total, 25 owners; 1,000.000 acres, $31; total, $2,760,000. Leaving the sale of this 1.000,000 acres of land to the chances of application of the purchasers to tho home agents and the owners themselves, many years will elapse before all this land can be sold-eveu at great deal lower prices, unless some specu? lators purchase it to re-sell the same in small lots or parcels, at higher prices, to the emigrants. Now, Bhould these twenty-five land-hold? ers form themselves into a land company, bring their land into its common stock, become themselves stock or shareholders thereof, and covenant with tho European Agency, (which I propose to undertake and establish, ) to sell it to thc emigrants at thc rates and np-m conditions which rvould be acceptable to them -every acre of their land could and would be sold in the course of ono year or sooner. I proceed now to suggest thc rates and conditions, which I know, from my inter? course with the Europeans, would be fully acceptable to them: 1st. Let the land company covenant with the European Agency to seil its land to the emigrants in lots or parcels from 50 to 150 and 200acres, at tho following rates: 300,000 acres at $1.23 per acrs.$375,000 200,000 2.50 . 500,000 200,000 " 3.50 _ 700,000 150,000 " 4.50 .. . 675,000 100,000 -? 5.60 " . 550.000 50,000 C.50 .. . 325,000 1,000,0011 23.50 *3,125,000 The original demand of the land? holders being. 2,700,OCO? Tho company would realize above it $425,000, which would be moro than is re? quired to pay homo agencies, salaries of other officers", surveyors, Ac. 2d. Let the company covenant, further, that this land will bo sold to tho emigrants on ten years'credit, and upon tito follow? ing conditions: ca ci o o CJ ci ciK 8,' a ? - 5 ~S * ? . i~ ? 35 as as *o - -o ?r: CJ - if? - fa sr Op-'S.?.. : Q g ^ - .?5 o ? i"? ?3 S * i S 3 lg HM-e^Hrin T?O riT rr _ _ . - - - , g >, _Sorn - -i cs n * t? =5 zi ?3 ?s - 5a 3 .3 J* 1-1 ~ 12 33 ~ ~Z ~ w "3 o s T o -J I- I Ci - -i Tile foregoing table of computation shows, exclusively, that the land-holders, j associator] in land companies, in each State, would obtain their own prices for j the land in ton years, with interest ap I portioned to the payment of capital, with? out incurring any expenses-as these ! would bc paid or refunded to them by the ? emigrants), with interest-should they j adopt the suggested plan of operation, j Moreover, many other advantages would result from such organizations: I 1st. The laboring emigrants, for hire, could bo brought in requisite numbers ? throng}) the medium of the same European agency. I 2d. The companies could reserve lots I or farms ol various sizes, in the midst of the first settlers, here and there; such reserved farms put in tho market when around them settlements shall be estab I fished, would command many times higher j prices than the lots or farms sold to tho I first emigrants. 3d. Nu Northern capitalist, or at least very few and in small sums, would now I advance a loan on the waste lands in the i Southern States; whilst the land share? of ! so organized companies would be both mortgageable and saleable -they would bo sought fur investments by the captahsts ? themselves, as by their character and ' nature they would constitute the safest : investment -their base being land in the . market. 4th. Should tho companies choose to j have their stores of agricultural implc ; ments, sseds, and other farming articles, j and offer to sell them to the emigrants on reasonable credit-this would greatly en? courage emigration South, and the com? panies would reap the profits of merchants . m addition to those derived from tho dale 1 of land. I 5th. This plan would require very small J capital in money to put it into operation, I and it could be "easily obtained, either by j a loan or by tho salo of a portion of the stock or laiid shares-when tho land com? panies obtain charters and organize. Gth. Th? organization of such land com? panies iu every Southern State, and their communion with the European agency by a covenant as suggested above, would bring South in tho first year of operation, at least 100,000 emigrants and their number would increase every year, which, besides benefiting the land-holders materially, would secure their personal safety against the apprehended insurrections of the ne? groes; and, in a short time, would enable the Southern States to resume that posi? tion in the national council of the United States, to which th**y are constitutionally entitled. 7th. Should thc National Express and Transportation Company make requisite arrangement, and undertake to rece -h ? from the European agencies and bring here these emigrants from Europe, and on their landing in the Southern ports, trans? port them to their now homes, it woidd open to itself a source of revenue worth at least three millions of dollars yearly. To accomplish all this, and to reap so manifest advantages, only determined action of men commanding confidence and respect of Southern land-holders, is re? quisito. Merely writing and talkir? on the subject will achieve nothing. Let them come out from their retirements, ami proceed in organizing companies. The other wheels of th J machine will be easily found. I am, gentlemen, verv respectfullv, your obedient servant, " C. TUCUMAN. Legislature South Carolina. Saturday, December 16, 1865. SENATE. The Senate met at half-past 10 a. m. Messrs. Davnnt. Kershaw, Sullivan, Williams. Winsmith, Buist, Thompson, Lawton and others submitted reports of sundry commit tees. On motion of Mr. Buist, a bill to repeal certain amendments in relation to tho banks of this State, and a resolution in re? lation to relief to said banks, was post? poned to the next regular session. Mr. Thompson ottered a resolution for rescinding the resolution for tin- adjourn? ment of the General Assembly, and sub? stituting "Thursday, 21st instant," for "Tuesday, 19th instant," Mr. J. H. Williams submitted the report of the Special Committee on Retrench? ments. A bill to provide for the re-organi.^atiun of the militia received the third reading, was agreed to, the title changed to an Act, and it was sent to the House of Represen? tatives. Thc Governor has approved and signed Acts of the following titles: An Act to in? corporate Schiller Lodge No. 3D, of the In? dependent Order of Odd Fellows, of tho State of South Carolina, located in the city of Charleston; an Act to provide for the drawing of juries in certain cases; an Act to amend an Act entitled "an Act to alter the law in relation to last wills and testa? ments, and for other purposes," ratified thc "21st day of December, 18.>S; an Act to amend the criminal law; an Act to amend and renew the charter of the Calhoun In? surance Company, of Charleston; and an Act preliminary to legislation induced by the emancipation of slaves. Tho following resolution was agreed to, and a message was ordered to be sent to the House of Representatives u-eordingly: Resolved, That the joint resolution of the General Assembly, fixing the day of ad? journment "ii Tuesday, 19th day of this month, be rescinded, and that a message be sent to the House of Representatives requesting that body to rescind said reso? lution, and to appoint Wednesday, tho 20(h of this mon li, as the day of adjournmetn. A bill to establish thc University of South Carolina received its third reading, was passed, tho title changed to an Act, and it was returned to the House of Repre? sentatives. Adjourned. - HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Tho Clerk called the roll, the Speaker took the Chair, and the House proceeded to business. The Senate returned to the House the following bills, which were, read the third time and their titles changed to Acts: A bill to establish the University of South Carolina; a hill to incorporate thc South Carolina Laud and Emigration Company; a bill to provide for the election ot Tax Collectors for the District of Darlington, tho title having been changed by adding "and Chesterfield;" a bill to change thc time for holding the election for Sheriff of Williamsburg District; a bill to incorporate the Charleston Hook and Ladder Compa? ny; a hill to establish regulations to pre? vent the spread of Asiatic Cholera in this State; a bill to incorporate the Charleston Dredging and Wharf Building Company; a bill to incorporate the Ireland Creek Timber Cutter's Company; a bid to pr?vido for the re-organization nf the militia; a bill to amend the license laws; a bill to establish the Southern Express Company; a bill to incorporate tin; village of Kirk? wood; an Act to provide for the issue of bills receivable in payment of indebtedness to thc State to the amount of $500,000; a bill to renew the charter of the Mount Pleasant Ferry Company; a bill for the relief of the Spartanburg and Union Rail? road Company; a bill to incorporate tho Ashley River Saw Mill, Timber and Lumber Company; a bill to incorporate the Deep? water and Western R ilr ad Company; a bill to extend to the Camdon Bridge Com? pany the time within which to rc-btiild their bridge; a bill to authorize the sale of tho Columbia Canal; a bill to establish certain roads, bridges and ferries; a bill to lend the credit of the State to secure certain I bonds to be issued by the South Carolina Railroad Company, and for other purposes; a bill to amend the charter of tho Green? ville and Columbia Railroad Company; a bill to incorporate thc German Immigra? tion, Land and Trading Company, of Charleston;.a bill relative to tho dist 11a tion of liquors; a bill to establish and r. gu? ?ate tho domestic relations of persons ol color and to amend tho law in relation tc paupers, vagrancy ami bastardy. Messrs. Read, Farmer, Youmans, Bon? ham, Ryan, Cannon, Butler, Duryea, Walsh, Scott andStackhouse subniit'ed re? ports of committees. Mr. J. R. Aikan introduced the following resolution, which was ordered for consider? ation on Monday next: Resolved, That all undrawn balancea now standing to the credit of the several State officers, or other persons, dno and payable on or before the first day of Octo Dor, 1865, and which were payable in thc currency of the State, be regarded as claims against the State; for tho payment of which, tho parties claiming the same shall have the right of petition at any meeting of the General Assembly withiu twelve months of this resolution. Tho salaries of the Comptroller-General, Trea? surer and Secretary of State only excepted, as regards their salaries for tho year 1365. A bill for the encouragement and pro? tection of European immigration, and for the appointment of a commissioner, and for other purposes therein expressed, was continued to the next session of the Gene? ral Assemblv. gm Mr. Mullins introduced a bill to amend tho charter of the Wilmington and Man? chester Railroad Company. Mr. G arlington introduced the following j resolution, which was agreed to, and ?vas : ordered to be sent to the Senate. Resolved, That a special committee of this House be appointed, to consist of ! three, to whom the subject of encouraging European immigration bc referred; that said committee bo instructed to corres? pond with individuals, governments and societies, in Europe, on this subject, and report at the next session of the Legisla? ture the information which they may have collected, and als-> the most practicable scheme that can bo adopted to encourage such immigration: and that $590, if so j much bo necessary, be appropriated to pay thc expenses of the. committee, in tho pro- ' sedition of this object, to bo accounted for j to the Legislature. A bill to amend tho insolvent laws of this State was ordered to be laid on the table. ? WASHINGTON,December ll.-The details of thc proceedings of the Alabama Conven- ' tion, in reference to tho amendment (pies- : tion, show that it was passed, as in South Carolina, with a proviso thai tho second clause of thc AC1 of Congress should not be so construed as to confer upon that body the future government and regulation : of the freedmen. Mississippi stands ready to endorse the amendment m like manner, and will no doubt do so this week, if she ; has not already, j "Governor elect Humphreys," aa the ' I President addresses him, is said to have 1 t signed the bill allowing negroes to testify in all cases except where the parties inte rested are all whites. Thc advice to the newly elected Georgia delegation to remain where they are fwr he present, is believed to bo the real posi tion of the President witii reference to the , representatives of the more openly rebel lions States. He would have them remain uutil their cases were decided by tho two Houses, each House for itself; and by a i f vir Constitutional decision of the question, ; he (the President) is willing to abide. "Will" Graham is here as Senator from ! North Carolina, and declares that if bc is ] not admitted, thc State will send no other representatives to either House. This is I cool, certainly, as Graham has no more chances of admission, until pardoned, than Cobb wouid have from Georgia. If a : "test" question were to be made in Gra? ham's case, then was North Carolina most . unfortunate in the selection of her candi? dates. Major-General G. W. Smith is the Na? tional Express Company's manager in New York. * COMMERCIAL. LIVERPOOL, December 2.-Tiio Brokers' Circular says the cotton market opened ; with firmness on Friday, but upon advices from Now York, per Jason, of lower prices, 1 some degree of heaviness appeared. On I Monday, with accounts per Peruvian, of a ! recovery of quotations in New York, the j demand revived, with hardening prices, and on Tuesday the market became moro animated. On Wednesday and Thursday, with a renewed and general demand from tho trade, the sales were large, and a de- j cided advance has been established. Ame? rican is in extensive demand, and, after declining about Ad. per pound in tho early part of the week, closed at an advance of l<V,.|d. upon last Thursday's quotations. Egyptians have advanced l?tf?2d. por pound, and in other descriptions the im? provement ranges from ?@ld. per pound. The week's quotations foot up 96,239 balc.i, including IS, mo on speculation and 19,910 for export. Tho quotations are: Orleans fair, 22id.- middling, 21d.; uplands, 22d.- ! middling, 20$d.; Mobile, 20$. Tho sales yesterday (Friday) were 15,000 bales, in? cluding 3,000 for "speculation and export. I The market closed firm -awaiting tho re ceiptsof tho Cuba's nows, which did not transpire until tho close of business. TRADE AT MANCHESTER.-At the market, yesterday, producers still further advanced "their quotations, which, coupled wiih the non-arrival of tho Cuba's news, rather checked business. j LONDON MONEY MARKET. -There was an ! active demand for discount at the bank, on the 1st, and thc rate in tho open mar? ket remained at 5|@6 per cent. On tho j Stock Exchange, the demand for money \ was less active, and loans were offered at 5 per cent, and the heaviness in nearly all departments was increasing. Consols closed at HT^^STi. Proposais had been put forward for tho entire consolidation of | the capital of the Atlantic and Great West ern Railway. Tho total capital will bo ?12,000,000 -half in shares and half in 7 I per cent, bonds, of which tho whole have j been issued -, '? '.? oxception of ?2,778, 000 now oi..< ut me price of 88 but the i dividend . . . nearly due, the net prico ! ! will be 1 he weekly returns ol the ; j Bank of .nd show an increase of ?163,- ; j 916,000 sterling. . NEWYORM, December IA.-Cotton firmer | i -middling 50c. Flour has agaiu advanced i I 10c. Wheat has advanced 3c. Corn is I firm, at 96c. Pork lower; mess, $28.75. \ Whiskey unchanged. BALTIMORE, December 14.-Flour is dull; eal^s of 1,000 bbls. ; extra, at $9.50. Wheat and corn aro dull. Oats quiet. Sugar dull. Provisions dull. Whiskey firm. Local Items. COMPTROLLER-GENERAL.-Captain S. L. Lcaphart iva? elected to the above office, yesterday, bv the Legislature. Santa Claas is expected, as usual, this year, but for fear of his missing some of the chimneys, parents should give Mr. McKenzie a call and supply themselves. C. H. Simonton, Esq., of Charlestou, was elected Speaker of thc- House, yesterday, to fill the vacancy caused bj- tho resigna? tion of Hon. A. P. Aldrich, (elected Law Judge. 1 NIGHT TRAINS DISCONTINUED.-We have boen authorized by the railroad officials to state that tho night trains over the South Carolina Railroad will be discontinued on and after Wednesday next, 20th inst. Tho following is the result of th* elec? tion, hold by thc Legislature, yesterday, for President and four Directors of tho Dank oT the State: Proaident-C. M. Fur man: Directors-W. C. Dukes, J. P. De Veaux, J. J. brabham, C. F. Hanckel. A SCBJECT OF I STEHEST TO ALL.-Thc Phoenix, (double sheet.) of to-morrow (?Wednesday) morning, 20th. will contain the several Acts, passed by the Legisla? ture, relative to tho freedmen, generally termed "The Code." Copies can be obtained at this office price ton cents. COURT OF MAGISTRATES AND FREEHOLD? ERS.-Tho Magistrates in the case of M. McDowell rs. T. S. Mint on. request us to state that, by the death, of the plaintiff in the above ease, the jurors summoned for Thursday. 21st inst., will not be required to attend. Messrs. Townsend A North have pre? sented us a copy of Miller'? Planters' and Merchants' Almanac for 18>"!6. The work sustains its old reputation, and will be con? sulted, of course, by scores of persona, old and young, throughout tho State. HARPER'S NEW MONTUI.Y MAGAZINE. - Mr. North has furnished us with tho De? cember number of this periodical. The loading article, and tho most interesting in it, is an illustrated description of Harpers' establishment, under the caption of "Mak? ing the Magazine. ' Since we have renewed our intercourse with Harpers' publications, from their tone and style towards the Southern States, we can give thom no word of commendation. There aro many, how? ever, who will read them, despite of every? thing. NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.-Attention is eall tsd to the following advertisements, which are published this morning for the first, time: Apply at this Office-Cemetery Lots. " -i -House Wanted. " "; " -Kooma to Rent. C. Drill-New Store. Darbee A Walter-Stock of Retail Store, bevin A Peixotto-Havana Segars. Dr. P. Melvin Cohen-Selling Off. Zualy's Store-Cottage for Salo. J. McKenzie-Fancy lio.-ies, &c. A. R. Phillips-Houses a,nd Lots. " ;' -Piano for Salo. J. J. Goodwyn, M. D.- Professional. Meeting Board Trustees S. C. University. Francis Lance A Son-Furniture, Ac. James G. Gibbes-Furniture, Ac. E. Pollard-Look Here. A. G. Stacy-Winnsboro Female College. Correspondence from Madrid denies that the Spanish Government bas sent Admiral Panija orders to suspend hostilities against Chili. The Government is not even dis? posed to accept of the mediation ot neutral powers. Orders have been given to the Spanish naval arsenals to push forward tho preparation of war vessels for sea. The American Trade League mot in Philade lphia, the on 14th of December, and adopted a declaration of principles for promoting the protection of American in? dustry. This organization has been gotten up in opposition to tho Free Trade League recently formed in Now York. The steamer Ariadne, from New York for Key Wost, on the 30th ult., returned to New York on the 14th inst., having come in collision with the ship William Edward, from Havre for New York. Thc Tribune says General Grant will soon mak a trip to the military posts on the Rio Grande. POR SALE, ACOTTAGE, cont.-ining six rooms, with 12i acres of LAND, in the suburbs of the town. On the premises are Kitchen, Barn. Stable and Carriage House-all in good repair. Will be sold low or exchanged for town property. Apply at Mr. ZEALOTS store, Assembly street. Dec P.) }2* TO RENT, FOUR ROOMS, with out room, of the lower story of the dw< liing on the ci ?r ner of Taylor and Dickens streets. Pos? session given immediately. For further particulars, inquire at this office. Dee li? 3* University of South Carolina. THE Trustees of the University of South Carolina are hereby summoned to meet at the Librarv of the University, Tills' DAY, at 9 a. m. By order of thc President of thc Board. C. BRUCE WALKER, Sec. pro tern. Board of Trustees. Dec ia_1_ J. J. GOODWYN, M. D., OFFERS bis professional services to the citizens of Columbia. His office for the present is at thu residence of S. L. De Veaux, Esq., Camden (or Tavlor) street. Dec 19 1'