Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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The flat has gone forth that all debts and obligations contracted by the States, cities, towns, and Counties of the Routh in ?id of thc late Con? federacy, shall be declared null and void. Many of these debts were con? tracted to procure food and clothing for those who, by the terrible exigen? cies of the war, were either permanent? ly or temporarily deprived of the sup? port of husbands, fathers and brothers. The terrible -sufferings entailed upon the poor by the war have not ended, and the approaching -?inter will be one of fearful hardship and suffering in all sections of the South. The male protectors of many thousand poor families lie buried upon a thou? sand battle-fields, while vast numbers of poor volunteers and conscripts, who went forth stalwart, robust men, have returned maimed and broken in heatlh, and unfit for every species of manual labor. The end of thc war found the whole South fearfully des? titute of food, clothing, and every? thing else necessary for the support of life. Vast supplies have poured into the Southern States during the last six months, and those who pos? sessed means or who lived near the great centres of trade, and have been | able to work, arc doing weh. But after the most searching inquiries, we regret to say that the amount of want, poverty and absolute suffering throughout the land is greater than it was at any time durmg the war. There are thousands of fields where active, organized benevolence will be necessary to save women and children from starvation. Particularly is this the case among the families of those brave and much suffering men who, for four years, en? dured every hardship and danger to which war exposes those who perform their parts in its bloody drama. The families of these men were dependent upon them for food and clothing. During the four years' absence in the war of these men their small posses? sions were utterly neglected, and their families supported by voluntary chari? ties and the contributions made by the counties, cities and towns for then support. Many of these poor fellows, as we have said, will never return, while others are mere wrecks of their former selves. The track of war in Virginia was so wide and desolating that nothing was left with which the most industrious could provide food for their families. Impoverished as all of us have been by the war, we must, nevertheless, contribute to the utmost towards the support of the meritorious poor dur? ing the approaching winter. As tho military may at any moment be withdrawn from the State, they must be supported by the private charities of our people. The widows and children of poor Confederate soldiers, (those unknown heroes of the unhappy war,} must be provided for. They have no pennons to which to look, but as an honorable people we must provide for them as best we can.-Richmond Times. MYSTERIOUS WOMAX rs NEW TORE. The New York World, in an article on the Central Park, has the following: Among the talk of the patrons of the turf in the track is one upon the celebrated "Lady of the Dawn." She is described as being very beautiful, but of strange pallidness and silence. She enters the park at the earliest hour of the morning, and rides rapidly up the most secluded bridle paths, never accompanied by any one, and refusing to speak or halt with any? body. She always wore a coal black hat, plume and skirt, and dark gloves, but she is without a riding whip. After a half hour's ride she emerges, and is never seen to enter the park gates at any other time of the day. Her countenance is very melancholy ; nobody seems to know her; she is so much of a mystery that the policemen only call her the "Lady of the Dawn." The heart-felt condolences of the Southern public are niost respectfully tendered to the stockholders of the Danville Railroad Company, for their failure to elect General Joseph E. Johnston president of their road. The great National Express Company is hereby congratulated upon its supe? rior wisdom and sagacity. As the Litter was not stampeded by injudi? cious advices, it is about to step for? ward, right, foot foremost, and its success is as firmly established as if it had already declared some half dozen swinging dividends. General John? ston is a gentleman of magnificent executive talents, and even if he was not world-renowned, he would, never? theless, build ui) the fortunes of any mpany by his admirable business ts. " North and South, the new any will be patronized with the unparalleled enthusiasm by all Richmond Times, 2d. The Fenian excitement had scarcely died out, when the Adams-Russell correspondence relieved the general a_M,_, xi. - ? "" ?-. -is... -v .it'll-1' COO V^A VX1\> X$ XijKM ?VCUl .txlt-l AJU^UDU press, by the sensation of danger of a violation of the peace by two nations, who are more heavily burdened with debt than any of modern times. Everybody has known for months past, that Mr. Seward would, through the American minister at the Court of St. James, demand indemnity for losses sustained by American citizens by the Alabama, and other Confede? rate cruisers, and everybody felt just as well assured that the indemnity would bc refused. There have been, during the last six mouths, arguments and allegations, replies and rejoinders, and the whole subject has been most dexterously and beautifully manipu? lated. Mr. Adams, the American minister, exhibits in th's correspondence very marked ability, and Earl Russell more statesmanship and less irritability than he ordinarily does. He distinct? ly declines to make reparation or to refer the claims to foreign arbiters, but at the same time intimates a wil? lingness to join in the appointment of I a commission to decide upon claims j growing out of the late civil war. The I j whole matter will one of these days be quietly and satisfactorily adjusted. The United States and Great Britain might go to war at any moment if the honor of either nation was invaded, but never upon a mere question of dollar's and cents. An outrage to the person of a citizen of either country, unless redressed, might plunge these two great commercial nations into a long and sanguinary war, but all mere disputes about money aro inevitably and invariably adjusted. The United States cannot for many years afford to indulge in the luxury of a foreign war. We have been bound over in the snug little sum of three thousand millions of dollars to keep the peace, and the bond will not be speedily broken. In the meantime, these diplomatic exhibitions are gratifying to our peo? ple, as they show that Mr. Adams is j honestly earning his money, and do? ing his share most admirably in a J diplomatic fencing-match, where the buttons are still on tho foils. [Richmond Times. LYNCH LAW rs IOWA-A HORSE THIEF TAKEN FROM J AIL, AND HANGED. We have chronicled the arrest of Heiner, the notorious horse-thief, in Wisconsin, and the fact ot his being in jail at De Witt. Now we have to record another episode in his career. Last Wednesday night, abont one o'clock, Sheriff Griswold heard a knock at his door. He was lying on a lounge dressed, with lamp burning, and the jail keys at hand, as he had passed every night since the prison? er's arrival. Inquiring who was with? out, and receiving some ambiguous but j satisfactory reply, Griswold opened the door, when a rush was made. He was borne into a dark room, and held j fast by three men, while others took j the light and the keys and proceeded j through the jail to Heiner 's cell. The j Sheriff called out, awakening his wife j and two men in the house, bnt before j any assistance could be rendered, the j horse-thief was beyond rescue. The vigilance men lost no time. By tho I time Mrs. Griswold reached the side of her husband, Heiner had been car ried out in the grasp of half a dozen men, and Griswold released. Tho jail j doors were found safely locked, and j no other prisoners disturbed or per- ! rnitted to escape. The crowd dis- j played an ominous looking rope, j when in the house, and a wagon drove | rapidly off immediately after Heiner ! was taken out. The Sheriff and his friends mounted their horses, but1 search in the darkness was fruitless. Next day, the tracks of two other teams and wagons were found just1 North of town. The Sheriff followed np in that direction, and saw men, j who, though professing to know i nothing of Heiner, yet were very positive he would steal no more i horses. A few persons were at first disposed to think that the midnight crowd was composed of the villain's confede? rates, and that his rescue was the ob? ject ; but Mr. Griswold is perfectly convinced, from the bearing of his visitors, that they meant death to the horse-thief, and that he has been de? cently buried.-Lyons Mirror, 2' I. The New York correspondent of the Philadelphia Ledoer says: Many of I the clergy and laity of the Episcopal I Church are in town to-day. returning home from the general convention. Such of them as I have met express much satisfaction at the action of that body concerning the Southern dio? ceses, and argue therefrom, in due time, a great increase in the strength of the church in both sections. AN EXAMPLE or MODERATION. When the Government of Louis Phil lippe was overthrown, the Provisional Government which succeeded it was at once called upon to determine how it would deal with the fall- monarch and his ministers and partisans. Tho king was still in France, though mak? ing his way to the coast, and most of his minist?re were known to be secreted in or around Paris, and it was feared by many that the king's party, TIT \ss severe measures were resorted \.o, might rally in sufficient force to unseat the new rulers. More? over, some of the members of thc Provisional Government were radicals of the extreme Ked Republican school, and were disposed to think that the punishment of princes was always, in some way or other, productive of good to the nation, and to these men and their party Louis Phillippe, who liad quenched several popular insurrec? tions in blood, was especially obnox? ious. Eut when the Government came to consider whether he and his minis? t?re should be apprehended, Lamar? tine not only insisted that they should be permitted to depart, but urged that commissioners should be sent after the king,*^vith special instruction's to protect him from harm or molestation until ho reached the French borders. In advocating this method of dealing j with the defeated monarch and his ad? herents, Lamartine exclaimed : "The revolution must be a victory, and not ! a vengeance-a progress in public sen j timent and reason, and not a \ l?. j satisfaction to the jealous and cruel instincts of party." His counsels I were hearkened to, and the reign of Louis Philbppe closed bloodlessly. [Baltimore Gazette. A MARVEIJJOTJS ESCAPE.-A gentle? man, recently from the Upper Lakes, informs us of one of tho most singular instances on record of escape from death. A young man named Rowe, whose father Uves at Marquette, on Lake Superior, was a steerage pas? senger on the steamer Pewabic, which was run into and sunk by the steamer Meteor, on Lake Huron, a short time ago. "When the collision occurred he was standing on the lower deck, and the Pewabic sank so quickly as to give him seemingly no chance for escape. He was carried in her down to the bottom of the lake to the depth of forty fathoms, or two hundred and forty feet. He says the steamer went down with great velocity, and struck the bottom with such force as to break the boat in two. Ho seized hold of a loose post as the boat began to sink, and retained his consciousness until she struck the bottom, and, as he be? lieves, broke in two. He remembers nothing beyond the last fact. The post to which he clung raised him to the surface of the water, and ho was picked up apparently dead. After a considerable interval he was restored to consciousness, and is now alive and well with his father at Marquette. He gives the foregoing remarkable account, and is confident he was car? ried in the manner stated to the bot? tom of the lake. It is possible that his experience while under the water may be explained in some other wav, but it is not impossible that his sub? mergence and deliverance may have occurred in the manner stated and believed by him.-Rochester Democrat. THE GREAT STEAM HAZIER. -A Lon? don paper describes an immense steam hammer now being made by Messrs. Nasmyth & Co., of Paticroft. It is of gigantic proportions, and will strike a blow equal to seventy-five tons. This of course will require an immense anvil block, and the process of casting one for it weighing two hundred tons, was a work of unusual interest. The process of manufacture was as follo-ws: The iron was melted in two large patent upper tuyere cupola furnaces, twenty-four feet in height, and seven feet in diameter. The molten metal was run into a mould in a constant stream, supplied alternately from each furnace. The process occupied ten hours. The metal was kept in a state of fusion by means of burning char? coal, until the whole quantity was poured in. The anvil block measures twelve feet square at thc base, and twelve feet six inches in depth. The figure is pyramidical, and it is cast base up? ward. The metal contains a certain proportion of Bessemer still. The huge casting is not likely to be per? fectly cold at three months hence, and it will certainly not be reduced to suf? ficiently low temperature to be dealt with under two months. When cold enough, it will be turned over. The bed for the reception of the block will be enclosed in a largo circular wrought iron cylinder, measuring twenjy feet in depth, and eighteen feet in^?iame ter. This will be sunk in the nound, and filled with concrete, ano,! when finally deposited in its bed, th* anvil ;/ ?will appear about two feet sis inches above the ground. MACTXMOSIAI, CALCULATIONS UPSET. A story is going the rounds that a gen? tleman from Wisconsin arrived in Lawrence recently, and married a lady here, with whom he had been some time acquainted. The wedding took place in the morning, and they started tor thc West, stopping at the Wash? ington House, Lowell, on their way. Hore they received their friends, and everything went pleasantly until the hour came for retiring, when the wo? man coolly told her husband that she ?was unworthy of him; that her life had not been a proper one; that she did not love him, and never had; that she loved a married man in another citv; had long been familiar with him; and finally, that she could never live with her new husband. She declared that she had been forced into the mar? riage by her parents, hut that it was repulsive to her, and that she was de? termined at last to tell the truth, and brave the consequences. The mysti? fied husband went for the stern "parient"' forthwith, but no entreaty could change her purpose. The fa- ( thor, with vehement words, aisowned ber- the newly-made husband in sor? row and anger declared her no longer his wife, (?which she had only been for a few brief hours,) and strack the words "and wife," from the hotel re? gister with a vigorous stroke. He then left the city and she went to Manchester, N. JU.. [L((icre,nce American, HOUSELESS HUNDREDS.-Thc Chi? cago Republican, speaking of the vast increase in Chicago, says : "Chicago is increasing in popula? tion out of all proportion to the sup? ply of houses, or even of respectable lodgings. At this moment there is scarcely a house to be let in the city. Hundreds and thousands of people go wandering about every day in search of a place in which to put themselves and their families, and are doomed to inevitable disappointment. If a sign-board be posted on the lintels of some cottage door announc? ing "lodgings to let," or "board and lodgings, it is beset by scores of ap? plicants ; and is no sooner put np than it is taken down, and somebody is done for. People who have children stand no chance of getting a place of shelter at any price ; and those who have rooms to-be let, look upon the family man as a sort of monster who ought not to be tolerated in any so? ciety, and demean themselves as if they felt both aggrieved and insulted that they she old be asked to encumber their house with other people's brats. " ELOQUENCE OF A MODERN INDIAN. The celebrated speech of Logan, given by Mr. Jefferson, has often been quoted for its pathos; and the speeches of Red Jacket, Farmer's Brother and Corn Planter are still esteemed models in their way. Those, however, who suppose that pathetic appeals have ceased with these orators, will per? haps think differently upon reading the following touching appeal, ad? dressed to Col. Sells, by a Camanche chief, at the recent council at Fort Smith: "Brother, my shirt, you see, is all in rags. When I return to my tribe and say to them, T have been among friends,' they will not believe me, if I return in this ragged shirt. My wife and daughter will ask, 'Where is the calico your friends gave you?' Bro? ther, what shall I say about this when I return to my people?" The answer to this appeal is said to have been as satisfactory as tho most sanguine hopes of the chief could have expected. RE-OKOANIZATION.-Artemus Ward, in a recent letter, thus gives an idea of re-organization : I have never attempted to reorgan? ize my wife but once. I shall never attempt it again. I'd been to a public dinner, and had allowed myself into drinkin' several people's health ; and wishing to make 'em as robust as possible, I continued drinkin' their health until my own became affected. The consekens was I presented my? self at Betsy's bedside, late at night, with considerable liquor concealed about my person. I had somehow got possession of a hosswhip oh my way home. Rememberin' some cran? ky "observations of Mrs. Ward's in the morning, I snapt the whip putty lively, and in ft loud voice sai?!, ' ' Betsy, you need reorganizin'. " "I have come. Betsy," I continued, crackin the whip over the bed, "I have come to reorganize you !" That nite I dreamed that somebody had laid a hosswhip over me sev'riu times ; and when I woke up I found she had. I haint drunk much of any thing since, ami if I ever have any reorganizin' job on hand I'll let it out. THE WAY THEY MABLE BUTTER TN FRANCE.-It is well known that cream may be converted irt+o butte? bv pim? ply being buried in the ground, but it is not generally known that this mode is in common use in Normandy and some other parts of France. The process is as follows : The cream is placed in a buen bag of moderate thickness, which is carefully placed in a hole in thc ground, about a foot and a half deep ; it is then covered and left for twenty-four or twenty-five hours. When taken out the cream is very hard, and only requires beating for a short time with a wooden mal? let, after which half a glass of water is thrown upon it, which causes tho but? termilk to separate from the butter. If the quantity of cream to be convert? ed into butter is large, it is left more than twenty-five hours in the ground. In winter, when the ground is frozen, the operation is performed in a cellar, the bag being well covered up with sand. Some persons place the bag containing the cream within a second bag, in order to prevent the chance of any taint from the earth. This sys? tem saves labor, and is stated to pre? puce a larger^ amount of butter than 'churning, and of excellent quality, and is, m crever, said never to fail. [Journal Society of Arts. AN OLD STORY.-The worshippers of Mammon, says a Constantinople correspondent, have discovered that there is another power beside that of gold, and another God who is above the idol of worldly wealth. During the time the cLoiGr? lasted, it was. pitiable to see the fright of 211 u*0*? who used to boast that they had no reV ligion and no creed save that of Na? ture. The "young Turkish" school of Moslems, who had many of them thrown off even the semblance of a belief in the Koran, were in a greater fright of death than any men I ever saw. The Christians were bad enough, at least such among them-not a few -who had led fives not exactly in accordance with their creed. Tho Armenian, Latin, Greek, and other churches, were crowded every day with men and women hearing mass and going to confession, who for months, perhaps years, previously had never put foot inside a sacred edifice. Many of the priests were ac? tually prevented going to administer to tue dying, by the importunity of the living for the consolations of re? ligion. Now that all fear of the chol? era has passed, every one has returned to his old ways. NEW YORK HOTELS.-A correspon? dent of the Cincinnati Gazette says: During the last four years, twenty five new hotels have been opened m New York, and yet the public houses were never more thronged than at Eresent. It seems that the more otels there are, the more they are crowded; and it ig reported that two immense establishments larger than the Fifth Avenue are to be erected next spring, one near the corner of Broadway and 25th street. Stewart, the calico Croesus, it is said, is to be interested pecuniarily in ono of them; and the Lelands, of the Metropolitan, in the other. No doubt they will make fortunes for their proprietors, for there has been no more remunera? tive business for years in this city than that of hotel keeping. I learn from what is deemed good authority, that during the last twelve months the Fifth Avenue has cleared $175,000, the Metropolitan $140,000, the St. Nicholas 8150,000, the Astor $125, 000, and others in the same propor? tion. A VESSEL PROPELLED BY ELEC? TRICITY.-Great curiosity has been excited at Cherbourg by a small ves? sel, propelled by electricity. The inventor, a French engineer, has shown his discovery to tho Marquis de Chasseloup Lau bani, Minister of Marine. Another scientific question has been submarine locomotion. Several trials have been made, but without success. However, an Italian engineer, Guglielmo Ginstiniani, has presented to the French Government the model of a submarine boat. The French Government has directed a special committee to examine and re? port upon the system. A WORLD WEOE DRAMA. -A London paper makes a curious calculation in connection with the drama of "Arrah na-Pogue," which is now being per? formed simultaneously in London, Manchester, New York, San Francisco, and Melbourne, Australia. Tho dif? ference in time between these cities Las this singular effect, that "Arrah na-Poguo" is being played all the d?y long, for when the great bower scene is reached in Manchester and in Lon? don, Arrah's cabin door is first opened before her friends in New York, and when the New Yorkers rise from their enjoyment of the play, the San Franciscans sit down to it.