Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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. COLUMBIA. . .7=~z=^-_-7-. -Jgr-a-1 Saturday Horning, Oct. 14,1865. T %ect?<m?l Stri??. ? One of the result? of the peace wie hada jost right to expect, was the total destruction of sectionalism; and although the spirit of fanaticism now and then exhibits itself in - new issues ?nd political dogmas, we have great confidence that the good sense of the re-pnited American people will exter? minate it in both sections of the coun? try. It has been well said that a sec? tional spirit cannot exist to any extent whatever without mischief. It is sure to- weaken patriotism, to subject all great public questions to the narrow? est views and most selfish considera? tions, to produce -inequality and in? justice, to engender bitterness, to foment discord, to mislead political parties, to pervert the administration of the Government, to distract and cramp the . enerves of the people, to derange private business, to, perpe? tuate restlessness and confusion, to cover oar institutions with dishonor. The slightest observer of even its mildest type in the past needs no proof of the importance of making an end of it, completely and forever. And why should there now be strife between a people whose best interests, whose national greatness, whose mighty influence upon the destinies of other peoples and nationalities, all depend upon that political Union whick we hope never more to see dis? turbed? The South staked the insti? tution of slavery and the doctrine of the right of secession upon the- issue of a mighty conflict, and she has been defeated. The nation, in its power, has decided that slavery shall no longer exist, and that tho Union shall be preserved; and the Southern States have accepted the decision in good faith, and have yielded manfully to. all thc requirements of the situation they now find themselves placed in. "We trust, therefore, that sectional strife will be driven from the land* that fanatics in any portion of the country will be put down by the wis dom and conservatism of the great mass of the people, and by the patri? otism and firmness of those who ad? minister the Government. The peo? ple of the Southean States who have already spoken through their conven? tions have all endorsed the policy of President Johnson, and wo hope and believe that the masses of the North? ern people, in all their political action which may bear upon the subject, will do thc samo in such an effectual manner as will deprive fanaticism und radicalism of the last vestige of power to inflict injury upon the country. Eclipse. On Thursday next, 10th inst., the centre of the moon's shadow will pass over North America, and cause, in part of sevoral of the United States, a central eclipse of the sun ; the first central^ eclipse therein since thai of May 26th, 1851, except the ono on July 18th, 1860, which was so in "Washington Territory, but not in any other State. It is stated that this eclipse will .be central and visible in a very large part of Nebraska, Missouri and Tennessee, or all but the North-east and South? west portions; also the North-east part of Kansas and Alabama, the South-western half of Kentucky and the North-eastern of Georgia, the Sonth-western part of Iowa, Illinois and of North Carolina, and the whole of South Carolina, except the North? ern portions of the districts of Ches? terfield, Marlboro and Marion. The eclipse, it is said, will take place about 9 o'clock a. m. Two English counterfeiters named Overton, were arrested in N?w York last week. They had been in the bu? siness nina years. ,In France, last your, out of 9t 30 railway passengers, only one ftae {pounded. iM-asroumtlon ai ???.1>? ?* I?r???a?n4 ot* W*?>an?to? College. LBXXNOTO??, VA., October 2,1865. General Robert E; Lee was to-day in? stalled President of Washington Col? lege. There was no pomp of parade. The exercises of installation were the simplest possible-an exact and bar? ren compliance with the required for? mula of taking the oath by the new xye.sident, a?u nothing more. This was in accordance with the special re? quest of Gen. Lee. It was proposed to have the installation take place in the college chapel, to send invitations far and wide, to have a band of*music to, play enlivening airs, to have young girls, robed in white, and bearing chaplets of floors, to sing songs of welcome to have congratulatory, speeches, to make it a grand hobday. That this proposed programme was not carried out was a source of severe disappointment to many. But Gen. Lee had expressed his wishes contrary to the choice and determination of the college trustees and the multitude, and his wishes were complied with. THE INSTALLATION CEREMONIES. The installation took place at 9 A. .M., in a recitation room of the col? lege. In this room were seated the faculty aud the students, the minis? ters of the town churches, a magis? trate, and the County Clerk, the last two officials being necessary to thp ceremonial. General Lee was in? ducted into the room by the Board of Trustees. At his entrance and intro? duction all in the room rose, bowed, and then, became seated. Prayer by Rev. Dr. "White, pastor of the Pres? byterian Church, directly followed. To me it was a noticeable .fact, and perhaps worthy of record," that he prayed for the President of the United States. Altogether it was a most fit? ting and impressive prayer. jTrDOE BKOCKENBBOTTGH'S SPEECH. The prayer ended, -Judge Brocken brough, Chairman of the Board of Trustees, stated the object of their coming together, to instal General Lee as President of Washington Col? lege. He felt the serious dignity of the occasion, but it was a seriousness and dignity that should be mingled with heartfelt joy and gladness. Pass? ing a brief eulogy upon General Lee, and congratulating the board and the college, and its present and future students,, on having obtained one so loved, and great, and worthy to pre? side over the college; he said he could say a great deal more, haddt not been voted against speech-making. Du? ring the de livery of these few words, and they came, despite the prohibi? tory fiting, very near culminating to the dignity of a ?jft as- well as eloquent speech. . ?J GENERAL LEE'S APPEARANCE. -Gen. Lee remained standing, his arms qui? etly folded, and calmly and steadfastly looking into the eyes of the speaker. Justice William White, at the instance of Judge Brockenbrough, now admin? istered the oath of office to General Lee. For the benefit of. those curious to know the nature of this new oath to which General Lee has just sub? scribed, and as it is brief, I give it en? tire. It is as follows : THE CATII. -I do swear that I will, .to the best of my skill and judgment, faithfully and truly discharge the du? ties required of me by an act entitled "An act for incorporating the rector and trust?es of Liberty Hall Acade? my," without favor, affection or par? tiality. So help me God. THE KEYS GIVEN TO -rm-. NEW PRE? SIDENT.-To this oath General Lei; ut once affixed his signature, with the j accompanying usual jurat of the swearing magistrate appended. Those inquisitive enough to sock further light than that revealed |aJuhe copied oath, can ionic at the ucfTberein re? ferred to, and, when found, make ar note of it. The document, in the form stated, was handed to the Coun? ty Clerk for sate and perpetual custo? dianship, and at the sanie time the keys of the college were given by the Rector into the keeping of the new President. A congratulatory shaking of hands followed, and wound up tho day's brief, but pleasing, impressive and memorable ceremonial. " Presi? dent Lee and those of the trustees present with the faculty now passed into the room set apart for the for? mer's use-a good-sized room, newly but very plainly and Tastefully fur? nished. GENERAL LEE'S DRESS AND APPEAR? ANCE.-General Lee was dressed in a plain but elegant suit of gray. His appearance indicated the enjoyment of good health-better, I should say, than when he surrendered his army at Appomattox Court House, the first and only occasion before th? present of my having seen him. [Cor. New York Herald. What is the difference lietween the Prince of Wales and a bomb-shell? One is heir upon the throne and the other is throvra into the air. V CHURCH COMMUNION WITH THE : SOOTH.-Bishop Potter, of New "York, in his able ann eloquent address to the Episcopal Convention, said: ''Among the man j happy cons?? quences of the restoration of peace will bo,,it is presumed, the speedy re-appearance OT our General Eccle? siastical Council of the beloved breth? ren, bishops, clergy' and laity, -?ho, for four years, have bsen separated from us by hindrances incident to a state of war. It will be a re-union that will arouse the tenderest sensi? bilities of every Christian heart. It will show that old affections have only been restrained, not extinguished, and that feelings long pent up claim a more than ordinary indulgence in demonstrations of love, respect and sympathy. I verily behove, as I do most fervently hope and pray, that ?not one word of. reproach or bitter? ness will be heard, not one look of coldness appear, to mar tho diguity and loveliness of that touching scene. In that much-longed-for welcome hour, -wc shall need no declaration of principles, no formal vindication of the peaceful character of the Christian ministry. Divine Providence has spoken ! Any words that we can uso in reference to the past, whether per? sons or things, will be a mere imper? tinence, adding nothing to the lessons that como to us from above, and only tending to change celestial harmonies into the miserable discordant sounds of earth-born passion. The impor? tant acts of the Southern Diocese, done while they were in a state of separation from ns. and which there? fore require the sanction of the Gene? ral Convention, will unquestionably be recognized and confirmed at once. They are only three in number. The election of Bishop Wilmer by the Diocese of Alabama, the erection of Arkansas into a regularly oiganized ] diocese, and the election of the mis? sionary bishop of the South-west, Dr. Lay, to the Episcopate of Arkansfts. These acts were eminently proper under the circumstances."' CCU.VN SLAVERY.-We referred some days ago to the perils that now sur? round slave? in Cuba, owing to tho abolition oJMie institution in this Country, and the growth of the libe? ral and anti-slavery party in Spain. The lateA issue at hand of the Lon? don Ti^?s discusses the same subject. It decides that "the, influence which the atrolition of slavery in the United States may ex? it indirectly upon the exiJftug system in Cuba, lias not escaped the attention of thc leading merchants of Havana, whose conclu? sions with respect to it, however, are not discouraging, either as regards the prospects of the colored popula? tion or the continued prosperity of the island." " The large majority of the Cuban planters look to the adop? tion of a plan of gradual emancipa? tion, and are confident the result will in no way permanently impair their commercial strength and resources. Their ground for this belief consists in the experience for the last few years of the rapid advance of me? chanical as compared ?with manual labor. Statistics recently published show that in 1846 there were in the island 823,772 slaves, while the pro? duction of sugar was 17,729,589 arro? bas. In 1862, the slaves numbered 368,550, and the production of sugar reached 11,418,444 arrobas. Thus, while thc increase of slaves was less than fourteen per cent., the increase of siigar production was mon' than 130 per cent. The introduction of machinery, new and improved me? thods of culture, and immigration from China, have been the canst; of I this (diange, and they are considered j certain to continue in a still increas? ing ratio to replace slave labor. - ' i [New York Times, 21th ult. The Mobile Advertiser gives the following,] important information in regard to the question of labor supply for the South : "We received a call, yesterday, from Capt. Thomas H. Boyle, for? merly of the ship Ticonderoga, tiud for some time engaged in transporting Chinamen to Havana. He is well acquainted with these people, and believes they will afford the best and cheapest labor in the world. He pro? poses, on guarantee payment of their passage money, to bring here first from Cuba, where their contracts aro about expiring, and afterwards from China, such numbers as may be re? quired. "They make good plantation hands, and are unsurpassed as honse-ser vants. They are, of coarse, free, and can be hired for from $? to $6 per month, and require to be. furnished board and four suits of clothing a year." A man in Borneo owns a diamond big as a hen's egg, and worth a mil? lion i ' Nothing can be more, diverting than the howls of rage and despair, long, dismal an d'unearthly, which the friends of anarchy and miscegenation are uttering over the "scarlet sin" of noble little Connecticut. Their woe is dismal and inconsolable. The vote of Connecticut is the most significant event of the day. It shows that the long, dreary w?ster o? New England fanaticism is about closing. "The ice on the Neva is breaking up/' as the Hussion joyously shouts when the strong vernal tides flowing in from the Baltu shatter the congelations of a long Arctic winter. Reason, patriotism and common sense have scaled the? battlements of fanaticism, and the flag of a purified Union, with its new objects and aims, now floats from the battlements of a New England State. Lau's Uso. The refusal of the people of Con? necticut to place tho negro upon an equality with the white man, removes ajnost alarming and formidable obsta? cle from the path of reconsiniction. As a matter of course, there is great tribulation in the camp of the radicals at this unexpected and fatal catas? trophe. The "so-called" religious newspapers like "the Independent, are loudest in their sorrow, and they have excommunicated Connecticut with bell, book and candle. Beecher's elders of tho "Church of the Puri? tans" are evidently longing* to revive the ancient uractice of the Church, and wish, to Durn Connecticut as a witch, or brand her with that scarl?t letter of sin with which unfortunate females were marked in the good old days when the Code of Moses was the living law of Connecticut. But ere many years, even New Eng? land will thank her for having first broken the fetters of fanaticism which have so long bound the limbs of "New England. REDUCTION OF THE HC-TBS OF LABOE. -We notice in the Baltimore Sun, of the 4th inst., an imposing procession and immense meeting of the mechan? ics and working-men of Baltimore, had and held in that city cu the 3d, the object of the demonstration b'ing to forward a movement for reducing thc hours of labor, and establishing eight hours as a day's work. . This abridgment of the hours of labor is sought to be effected by legislativo aretion. One of the speakers, a Mr. Jonathan C. Pincher, of Philadelphia, ! editor of the Review, {what Review we I do not know,) and President of the j International Machinists and Bbtck I smiths, (what an International Ma? chinist or Blacksmith is, is not ex? plained,) said that their organization intended to demand of the General Government, through Congress, an enactment making eight hours a leffflj day's work, and if Congress refused to grant it, the working-men of tho country had the power to kcej? any Congressmen opposing them at home for all future time. Mr. Finchei seems to make no account of the slight objections and small practical mfficiiities that appear to lie in his way. The regulation of the hours ol dabor does not fall within the range o? Congressional functions or powers, and this "International" gentleman simply spouts international nonsense. The ten hours' system, now so gene? rally recognized, does not owe its re? cognition to statutory enactment, nor do we think thc eight hour system, if ever it should be established, will be established by mere force of law. A period when all the energies of the whole people are required to repair the ravages of war, is a bad one in which to start an agitation for thc curtailment of labor. For a time we ought all to work double tides instead of clamoring for abatement or relaxa? tion.- Wilmington dour aal. - l?uUiiiiorc H titi Charleston. The correspondent of the Augusta Constitutionalist writing from Balti more, says : "A* new line of steamers is to ht established between this port and Charleston and Savannah. Messrs. Mordecai & Co., well known in thc country, are the principal movers in the enterprise." ODD FELLOWS' PKOCESSION.-Thc Baltimore correspondent of the Au? gusta Constitutionalist says: "The Odd Fellows' celebration wat a mammoth affair. Fully 15,000 oi the mystic brotherhood were in pro? cession, with handsome banners und regalia. There were gaudy cars in the pageant, filled with not very pretty female children, many of whoin bore wands with the names of differ? ent States inscribed thereon. It b an indisputable fact that the repre? sentatives of Georgia and South Caro? lina were the handsomest. The High Priest was decked in pontifical robes and mitre, seated in a red tent and guarded by two men in black armor, " ? liooaH Items. EKPLOYICBVT.-Sight or ta good print, ere can obtain employment in. thia office, during *he approaching session of the Le gial ature. ^_^ _ "Cotton Blank?" and permits-indispen? sable to all persons purchasing cr Shipping cotton-ess be obtained st this office. CASH.-Wc wish it distinctly understood that otu* torras for subscription, advertising and job work are edsft.* The money must ! in every casa,accompany orders, er they xoiS not he attended to. Thia rule applies to alb . j VoLTTXTEErt ORGANIZATION.-Gen. Wade Hampton, Chairman of the Ce?yimittee ap- . ' pointed by a meeting of the citizens, re? quests us to make tho following report: The Committee appointed to raise the ! companies for the city of Columbia, respect? fully urge the citizens to enroll themselves promptly. Lists will be fonnd at the stores of Major John Meighan and Major Thomas \ W. ltadchffo, and all the- members of the j Committee will receive signatures. -As soon as the requisite number of volunteer* have I enrolled themselves, the companies will 1 proceed to organize by electing their own ! officers. It is suggested that a company of artille? ry bc also raised, to be stationed in Colum? bia. Upwards of one hundred volunteers have already come forward. It is to be hoped that many more will, without delay, annex their names to the lists J j WADE HAMPTON, dhairman. j NEW ADVERTISEMENTS.-Attention is call? ed to the following advertisements, which are published for the first time this morn? ing: Jamps G. Gibbes-Shot. ' Jacob Beb"-Citation. W. H. Jeffers & Co-Cotton Shed. S. Gruber-Commission Merchant. Breast-pin Lost-Apply at this Office. , James L. Beard- -House to Bent. A. G. Baskin-A Card. -~a~- . The house occupied by Mr.- Davis in Richmond during the war is to be fitted up for the reception of Presi? dent Johnson, on his approaching visit to that city. The structure is situated on the South corner of Twelfth and Clay streets, and may be described as a three-story basement house, with a heavy English color I made portico front to a hall which reaches to the top of the second story. Tile entrance is by a Corinthian por? tico front to a hall which extends fight and left nearly the entire front j of the building ; the exception being [ a small office apartment in the North corner, wherein Mr. Davis was accus I tomed to open his correspondence early each morning. Immediately in front of the entrance is a large and elegant reception parlor, occupying the centre-about one-third of the principal story. To the right of this room is a splendid parlor, which . opens iuto the first by sliding doors. The room at the left is an immense dining-hall, wherein dinners were served fifty years ago, under the . genial auspices of the late Dr. Brock - enborongh, ? President of the ancient Bank of Virginia, in true Virginia ?siyle. LECTURE ox NEGRO SUFFRAGE ?N CO? LUMBUS.-A colored "gemman" from Boston, held forth, on Monday after? noon, in the Colored Methodist Church, to the freemen of Columbus, upon negro suffrage. A quarter was charged for each admission, A large number of men, women and children attended, and the Boston "gemman" must have taken in a considerable sum. The lecturer, Ave suppose, de? monstrated very conclusively that suffrage would greatly enhance the happiness ol' the African race. One of the audience, after the lecture, was heard to say, "Nex quarter i'se got to spend, I'm gwine to de theatre br circus. Don't ketch me at no moire quarter dollar Boston nigger shows. Talk better dan he. kau myself. Votiu* ain't gwine to poke bread down a nigger's mo'.if."-<~11 imbue SHU. How CHOLERA IS SUCCESSFULLY TREATED.-It may be saki that cho? lera, in its first st ige, can always bo successfully treated, unless the sys? tem is weakened by other diseases, by dissipation, or by some si ecial cause. The Rev. Dr. Hamlin's cholera mix? ture-equal parts by weight of liquid laudanum, spirits of camphor and tincture of -rhubarb-has been used here not only by him, but by many others, with the greatest success in meeting the first stages of the disease. If diarrhoea is carefully kept off by the use of mixture the danger of cholera is very slight. In the second stage of relapse and, cramps? clear brandy taken internally/ mustard pla&teis, and other means of keeping up external heat by friction, -. , are very often used with success. There is always hope in cholera until the patient is actually dead, and in severe cases ?ecovery often depends upon the persistency and energy with which the. disease is met abd attacked at every stage.-New York Tribune.