The daily phoenix. (Columbia, S.C.) 1865-1878, October 04, 1865, Image 2
* . ? _*
COLUMBIA.
Wednesday Morning, Opt. 4,1865.
i
Amnesty*
The publication of the President's
proclamation, containing as it cfid a
series of exceptions, which embraced
many thousands of the best and least
obnoxious, aa .of the most violent and
disloyal of the Southern people, ex?
cited in the minds of the entire South
the most painful a?d gloomy appre
hensionf. Men cast about them, to
find . on every hand their dearest
friends, their most trusted neighbors,
the best of their several communities
as men and citizens, formally exclud?
ed from thc benefits of an official
tender of clemency which was looked
forward to, in the hours of its first
announcement, as the harbinger of
the return of ' -that era of good feel?
ing" which was to obliterate all traces
of recent strife, and extend to all the
freedom and prosperity, as well as the
power and protection, which we be?
lieve to be tlie result of American
liberty. . . .
Not the least unfortunate result of
these exceptions was the tendency it
had to confirm the fear that tl ie assas?
sination of Mr. Lincoln iras a direct
injury to the South.; inasmuch as it
substituted a loss merciful and liberad
man and officer in his stead.
Fortunately for all parties, the pro?
gress of events has contradicted and
corrected all these errors. Tho Pre?
sident Kas^adhercd rigidly to the re.
quirements of his proclamation,
whereby a personal and special appli?
cation is demanded at thc hands of
every individual in tin1 excepted
classes. Ho has cheerfully accepted
the immense labor which tho consi?
deration of this great mass of appli
. cations involves, and he has judged
them with a patient care and a patri?
otic fidelity that do him infinite credit.
Nor has he been wanting in that
largo, comprehensive and catholic
spirit, which can turn io the b<?st ac?
count, for his country and ours, the
- discharge of a duty apparently of so
pvurclv personal a nature.
The President has, during the bast
five months, held official or personal
communication with ten thousand ol
the representative men of the South
-^of all shades of opinion, of all
varieties of position, of all characters
and calhngs. He has learned thc
South ?rom her own "people. He lias
acquainted himself with her losses.
. her feelings, her interests and hei
resolutions. He has fortified himsol:
with, ftc! s which have enabled him t<
rate at their true value the falsehood:
and fallacies of the correspondent;
and editors, who have so persistently
maligned us, and he is probably to
day tho best informed man in th
Union of the actual situation of ai
fairs in the country at largo.
All this is" thc direct result of ?
feature in his proclamation wilie!
filled the entire South at first wit
alarm. At the same time, all no'
see that this wide margin of exceptio
was not designed, and is not availe
of by the President to oppress or pe:
secute the Southern people.
So far, the President has re-fusel
pardon to no man, not undercharge
who has make even a respectai)
show of claim to the interposition) >
his clemency, while he has again ai
again granted the favor to men wi
were thought to have forfeited :
right to the indulgence by virtue
their origina! hostility to tho Unio
In tome cases, moreover, t as
chance to know, says the Petersbu
Index, he has resisted the mc
strenuous efforts of private interc
or political malice, exerted to thwf
him?in his evident purpose to hast
the full return of peace and trust t
people with their Government.
FATAL ACCIDENT.-On Wednesc
* of last week, Mr. B. F. Madden
worthy citizen of Pickens, was ac
dentally shot by a gun in his o
hands. ' He survived but a few hoi
.
Important Circulas-.
The following (?rcular has been
issued from the Treasury Depart?
ment :
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,
Sept. 15, 1865.
The circular of the 1st inst., rela?
tive to the shipment of guns and am?
munition into States heretofore de?
clared in insurrection, i's hereby so
far modified that you will hereafter
grant permits, without any reference
to this# department, for the shipment
of sporting (runs and ammunition
there in any reasonable amount, and
also blasting powder for mining pur?
poses.
X?u will make weekly returns, on
the last day of cadi week, of the sev?
eral applications granted hy you,
showing thc names and resiliences
of consignors and cons?gneos, tho
j amount .'md character of the powder,
i shot and lead shipped, which mus'
be stated in pounds, and not kegs,
j bags, or casks. It is designed that
j those shipments shall, in no case cx
I ceed what may, in your .judgment,
? be necessary to meet the ordinary
I wants of the country. All other ap
j x'Heations you will refuse.
"With great respect,
. H. MCCULLOUGH,
Secretary ot* Treasury.
I -o
Soutla Carolina C'onr.-vcitco.
j Tb.3 ' South Carolin:'. Conference
I will convene in the city'of Charlotte
: on the 1st ?."lay ol' November. Bishop
j Pierce will preside.
Those who expect to accommod?t*
tho members of Conference may
expect them to arrive in the city
from the 28th October until the 31st
Candidates for Hie Ministry, and
Local Candidates for Orders, must
please inform me of their intention to
C?>nae, or homes will not be provided
for them. Those who come in private
conveyances will call at the Parson?
age and will there be assigned to theil
homes. Those who come by the cart
will be met by one of tho Committee
of Arrangements. It will be difficuH
to secure homes for ministers' fami?
lies. Tiley had better ascertain before
they come that? accommodation can
be had, as the pressure for accommo?
dation* in ibo city is now equal t<
tho provision. A hint to the wise h
sufficient. . JAS. STACY.
CHAKIIOTTE, N, C., Oct. 2, 1865.
BITTING NEGROES.-A highly speen
lative individual, in Petersburg, i:
buying negroes upon the chance thu'
the United States Government wil
hereafter pay for all tire slaves eman
cipated-by the residt of the late war
He offers 810 in gold for the right o
property in each negro, and the Pe
tersburg Index learns that in som
cases where he had effected purchase
he had actually paid the monej
The Richmond Times hopes the geu
tlenian has a large amount of golc
and that he will not confine his opt
rations to Petersburg.
THE FEXIANS, Ac-The New Yor
correspondent of a Philadelphia pape
gives what he professes to be rehab!
evidences of the reality e>f theFenia
movement : *
Fact 1st. That negotiations ai
peneliug for tho purchase of eigl
ocean steanie'rs. each warranted 1
carry 1,000 men, with the certain!
almost that the purchase will be mac
before the 1st of October.
Fact 2d. Thatjthere have been in
meuse purchases of arms from ti
Government by parties who are su;
posed to be identified with tl
Fenians, within thc, past fortnigto
and that propositions for further pu
, chases ure now under eonsideratio
Fact 3d. That one of the bank no
. companies of this city are now e
\ gaged in engraving bonds for tho ne
; Irish Republic, lt matters not w]
are their employee, but I have i
j doubt the British v. onsnl and Iiis :
j taches know all a''out it.
I .---HM- ' -
1 USEFUL DISCOVERIES.- Two Fren
j discoveries of merit have been recoi
i ed lately. One which is anthon t.
: enables copper smelters to utili
their pestiferous smoke so period
that Mr. Vivian, head of the .groat?
j firmin Swansea, says he shall be al
to turn out 1,000 tons of sulphu
acid pen* week, restoring incidenta
many thousand aeres of land to cul
vation. The other, which is t
authentic, is a new mode of tann]
in turpentine-said to be su raj
that twelve hours will tan a sk
at half tbe former cost. That is ge
news for shoe-wearer^ and bael n<
for the Scotch proprietors, who hi
for years been covering their un<
\ tumble hills with young oaks,
I bark of which they sell to the tann*
-B?BMB-r j--a-a-M
I United State? district Court.
I Judge Underwood heard an argu?
ment to-day from Francis L:. Smith,
upon application to be admitted to
the practice QC law in this court. An
Act o? 'Cong?ess requires in suoh cases
an oath to bWtajeen that the applicant
"has not aided,' &c., the enemies of
the United States.
Mr. Smith, being unable to take
this oath,* submitted the form of an?
other, to the effect that he had not,
since his pardon, rendered such aid as
was specified, and that he would not
hereafter do so, "and proceeded to
show and to argue as follows :
1st. That he has a full pardon from
the President for his past acts. That
thc power of the President to grant
such pardon is unequivocal and un?
limited, except in cases of impeach?
ment-that it operates as a restoration
to all rights of person and property
and that Congress could not override
it or abrogate its privileges, it being
a prerogative of the "President, con?
ferred by the Constitution, and inca?
pable of other limitation. He quoted
from Bacon, Bishop, Hargrave, und
other authorities, showing that "it is
now settled that a pardon removes all
legal disabilities." and absolves from
all, whether "direct or collateral,"
and that wo. caanot make a particular
exception pf this .'disability." He
showed that mn were restored by a
pardon to righ:s as jurors, witnesses,
j guardians, members of Parliament,
' &c.
I id. Mr. Smith argued that the act
was unconstitutional. {being cc posi
\facto in its ntture. lie quoted thc
definition of ap?naity, "the suffering
I imposed bylaw for an offence," to
show that it was a penal statut;'. He
argued that test oaths were not con?
stitutional, and that the courts had a
I right to modi y oaths and irecomnio
date them to the Constitution and tin
law, and quoted a casi- in 0 Mass, in
which it had been so decided and
practiced.
He maintained that to deprive hin:
of the [lower of practicing his profes
pion was not a legal or constitutional
act, and dosed with a compliment t<
thc urbanity of the judge and distric
attorney, and the President, whos<
conciliatory policy is fast restoring
"the happiness and prosperity of th<
country.
* Judge Underwood expressed a wil
lingness to hear further argument
which was not offered. He will pro
bably give an opinion to-morrow
The confiscation cases were proceeder
with, and each ease dismissed in turn
some on the payment of costs, other
without any costs.
[Alexandria (Jiizette, 2?(7i.
A NATION OF SMALL FARMERS.-Ai
intelligent American agriculture
writes from abroad concerning th
small farms of Saxony :
Agriculture is better developed
more science ?pplied and better rc
suits are obtained in Saxony tha:
anywhere I lnve yet visited. I
Prussia-that is, in Mecklenburg
Mark-Branden>urg, Pomerania, Pc
sen and the province of Prussia-th
laud is ownci. in large bodies, th
estates averaging 2,000 morgens, <
about 1,400 acres; but in Saxony, th
"tiller of the syd" is the owner of th
land; hence tie farms or tracts ur
small, for th? population is vcr
dense; in fact. Prof. Dr. Kening, th
Minister of Agriculture for Saxony
told me that, exclusive of forest, thei
was just one acre of land for ever
individual of the population. Th
one acre, then, must produce the foo
and clothing for the individual, bi
sides produc?^ plants foi commesch
purposes. If the land was farmed i
it is in the United States, the Saxe
must starve; lint, fortunately for hin
he believed chat science could lissi
him in his agricultural op! ration
and he willingly accepted the comise
of science and put them into practie
There is an agricultural academy ;
Tharand, another at Chemmitz, :
experimental farm at Ponimritz. a
other at Salzmunde, etc. Ti y,
schools have accomplished a va
amount of good; have mad'.; tl
farmers intelligent, and have ina*
agricultural operations as systeniai
and intelligent as photography.
While General Grant was retumii
fnpm Indianapolis, at an early ho
Saturday morning, ibo switch at t
end of the- arve at Guilford had bo
turned intentionally, and the car
1 which the General was scated xv
thrown from thc track and dragg
' some distance, but no one was injttri
! About the same time the train on t
; Ohio and Mississippi railroad, can
j iug ( relierai ?She rman, was also thro'
from the track, this side of Lauren*
burg, but no person was injured.
lt is spited that the Fenian olga:
/.ation in the Northern States nu
bers 221,000
Is rr AELOWABXIE FOB EX-CONFED?
ERATES TO GAIN A LrVELTHOOD?-The
Springfield (Massachusetts) Republi?
can, an able Republican paper, on
this subject, says:
If one of this class is appointed* to
any office or allowed to be a candidate
for any local position in the South,
there is a.hue and- cry raised about
putting rebels in power. The dissat?
isfied do not seem to recognise any
validity in the Executive amnesty and
pardon,"or at least fail to comprehend
that they involve full absolution. So
if a man, formerly prominent as a
rebel, is placed in any position by the
Southern people, it is quoted against
them as evidence of their persistence
ii rebellion. General Joe Johnston
was recently a candidato for the pre?
sidency of the Danville Railroad in
Virginia, and a majority of stockhold?
ers voted for him. bur Governor Pier?
pont got tire impression in some way
thiit his elect iori would give offence nt
Washington, and so intimated to the ,
stockholders, and the vote of the i
State for i*s stock was then given to |
Buford, tho other candidate, thus j
electing him. Perhaps Buford is the
bust niau for the position,?but Gene- j
ral Johnston is one of the most omi- 1
nent civil engineers in the country,
and* the stockholders voted for him !
because they thought he would pro- j
mote the interests of the company.
Now, if General Johnston is to be
allowed to live, and to support him?
self, it is.impossible -to give any good
reasons for excluding him from the
profession for which he is best fitted. !
Wo neither get indemnity for the
past, nor security for the future, by
excluding such men from the business :
pursuits for which they are .qualified. !
Indeed, the employment of those who j
were lately rebel commanders, in i
peaceful pursuits, thus giving them a j
personal interest in the tranquility of
the country, will manifestly prove: an
element in our future security. Gene?
ral Johnston has since been elected
President of one. of the railroads in
Alabama, and it is not treasonable to
hope that he will manage it well, and
make money for himself and - the
company. Theise has been a great
deal of stupid rhetoric expended on
the fact that General Lee has been
made President of Washington Col?
lege bi Virginia, and the trustees
have been denounced.
FREE LABOR IX KENTUCKY.-The
Louisville Journal says:
More than four months ago, we
earnestly advised the slaveholders of
Kentucky to cut the gordian' knot of
their difficulties, recognize the indis?
putable fact that slavery has ceased to
be what it once was, by an arrange?
ment with the negroes which should
partake of the nature and obligations
of a binding contract. We thought
this would meet and overcome the
difficulties in regard to the labor
question in the only possible way open
for a consummation so desirable. We
are exceedingly gratified to know,
from the evidence which is constantly
reaching us, that this suggestion has
been adopted in a great number of j
eases, and with most pleasing and
beneficial results to whites and blacks. !
One planter in the Southern part of |
the State, who was in Louisville the ;
other day, took home to his negroes ;
sixty dollars apiece as their share in I
the crops made on this contract sys-J
tem. Another in like manner re- \
turned $140 to each of his hands. In
both of these cases, everything worked
smoothly, anti no difficulty of a se?
rious nature was encountered. These
gentlemen received greater profits !
from their farming operations in this I
way than they could have done by
attempting to hold on to the letter
and spirit of the old system, and with
far more satisfaction to them and j
their laborers.
.,- -
BISHOP ?ABIJT.-Erom the Epasco
pal Meiltodist of Thursday, we clip, the
following:
Bishop Early has been on a visit of !
several days to our city, exchanging!
greetings and salutations with his nu?
merous friends, and preaching on last
Sabbath at Trinity Church, to a
highly delighted congregation. It is
a gratification to find him in the
enjoyment of very robnat health, and
fully prepared for the fall campaign
Conferences assigned to him in the
pian of Episcopal visitation. Wo
eau scarcely, however, suppress the
expression of a little surprise that he
should have been assigned, by the
council of Bishops, to the Arkansas
und Wachita Conferences, lying so
remote from the Virginia and other
Conferences over which he is expect?
ed to preside, with so sh ort an interval
between thc Conference sessions.'
A letter passed through the New
York Post Office last week, from San
Francisco for Dresden, Prussia, the
postage upon which was $1,720.40.
"Cotton Blanks'* and pcmits-indispen?
sable to all persons purchasing or shipping
cotton-can bc obtained at tins office.
Messrs. C. N. Averill A Hon. as will bo
seen by a notice in another column, have
resumed the receiving and foi warding bu?
siness in Charleston. This house is one of
tho oldest inhibe city. '
DECLINATION.-Col. McMaster returns
his thanks .to tba friends who have so
kindly presented his name to the voters of
Bichland as a candidate for a seat in the
.Legislature, and begs most respectfully to
decline the. nomination, as paramount
duties of a private nature demand his un?
divided attention.
TUE CAFTCRK ANO DESTRUCTION OY THE
CITY OF COLTT?CBIA. S. C.-Originally Pub
ished in the Columbia Phouix-Revised
find Corrected by the Author.-About the
middle of October, the above work will bc
issued from thc pros of the Columbia
Phaniix-printed with acw type and on line
paper. Persons desiring copies arc ?re?
quested to give their names as early as
possible. Single copies will be furnished at
$l.T!>The trade supplied at a discount.
NORTHERN: NEWSPAPERS.-To such of our
citizens as desire to take a Northern news?
paper, wc beg to say t\iat t?tere are three
journals of New York which maybocspc
cially commended to thc Southern public.
Tlc su are the Xi tes, tho Wo'.'ld, and tho
Day ?::n:l: These ave all favorable to us,
friendly in sympathy, and. in greater or
less degree, capable of thc argument in
our behalf, la mos: respects.. But tho
.Vi " s is especially to be Ammendcd as
equally courageous and earnest in our
cause, thoroughly inform d in our ease
? and condition, vigorous in thought and
bold of speech, and leaving no subject un
1 touched, no argument unuttered which is
i essential to our interest, or needful to tho
j asst rt ion o'.'our rights. It is equally our
j policy a ia! dey to sus::.in the Sews with
I all thc pair inage which we can command.
! Se" thc advertisement of the Aetrs in our
j columns.
NEW-AUTEUTISEMENTS.-Attention is call- ,
I ed to the following, advertisements, which
; are published for tho first Minn this morn
j ?ag:
Richard Caldwell-Genteel Furniture.
C.S. Jenkins-Brandy, Wine. &e.
Speck & Pollock-New Goods.
? Airs. G. II. Cathcart-Booms to Bent,
i A. R. Phillips- Small Farm for Sale.
C. N. Averil! A- Son-Com. Merchants.
! Lumber, and Asscmblv sts.-To Bent,
i T. 15. Crews - Abbeville Banner.
Elias Marks-Estray Cow.
Benj. Wood-New York News.
Regular Communication Richland Lodge.
Apply at this Office-Buggies, &e.
Henry Skipper-Horse-shoeing, A c.
RUMORS CONCEKN?NG MEXICO.-It
is currertlyYeported that Gen. Oriego,
I who will be the constitutional suc?
cessor of President Juarez in a few
months, has succeeded in effecting a
very large loan for tho republican go?
vernment in Mexico, based on the
! security of- confiscated property. It
is well known that in S!in Francisco
several hundred thousar 1i dollars have
recently boen subscril cd, and it is
thought here if the loar was properly
put liefere thc public, it would gain
very largely in amount. Since the
rebel loan was negotiated openly, both
in Paris and London, neither the
French or British Government could
object to a Mexican loan being taken
in this country. The Mexican Re?
publicans want money rather than
men. and the friends of the Monroe
doctrine would, no doubt, contribute
cheerfully to assist them. In this
way, mid by this means, tho Emperor
Maximilian would very soon find out
that ho grasps a barren sceptre, with?
out giving our Government any fur?
ther trouble. - Washmyton Cor. New
.Yorh Hernhl.
IMPORTANT ("ASK-MTUTAKT YIELD?
ING TO CIVIL LAW.-A correspondent
furnishes a report *>f the trial and
acquittal of !>. R. Bingham, Benja?
min Chamberlain, J??chard G. Wray,
E. H. Wray and F. Ii. Bingham,
charged with murder in the County
of Hickman. These parties were ar?
rested and brought hov for trial by
thc military authorities, but on appli?
cation to Gen. Tliomas by the counsel
tor tho accused. (Judge Joseph C.
Guild,) the parties were handed over
to the civil authorities of Hickman
County, to he tried by them. They
were charged with thc mnrdcr of
Cw1..;'., McGraw, in that County, in
186*2, and the trial took place at
Shady Grove, on the 1-lth und 15th
of this month, and resulted, alter a
patient, investigation, in the acquittal
of the accused. The trial elicited
gnat interest in Hickman County,
and a large number of the citizens
wer.- present at the investigation.
[Nash riHe Dispatch.
Tho "Fenian Sisterhood" of Spring?
field, Mass., have been having a ball.