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$1 a Month, in Advance. ''Let our just Censure attend the tmo Even*."-Shaksprare. Single Copies Five Cents By J. A. SELBY. . COLtJMBIA, S. C., FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 19, 1865. VOL. l.-NO. 43. THE COLUMBIA ?HONIX, PUBLisit?to DAILY, EXCEPT SFN?AT, -BY JULIAN A. SELBY. TERMS-IX AD VANCE. * SUBSOBirTlON. Six months, -. - . $5 One month, - ? - . 1 ADVERTISING. 1 One square, (ton lines,) oce time, SI 00 Subsequent insertions. - 75 Special notices ten cents per line. Tba Failure of Gen. Lee. Thu caprice of fortune and the un? certainty of war have boen signally illustrated in the?l?t of Gen..Lee. We Cannot but discredit tho ruiuor that it ii intended to indict bim for high . treason, but fate bus visited bim hardly enough already.* For him alone, the mo.-t consummate of ?ll commanders in America, was reserved a destiny which Iiis own lieutenants and bis ofc defeated rivals were permitted ?.o escape. Ile -alone lost a decisive battle, lie alon? suffered tm absolute ?ind irremediable disaster. Never before,* iu the whole history of the ? war, was a victory followed up. a rout .made complete, <>r un anny, compelled to surrender. Never before wns a generaliu-ehief taken prisoner in the fi^ld by another g?oeral-in-cliiel; never was a campaign concluJed by capitu? lation and submission. Ti?e braggarts and blunderers who at thc beginning of the war cost their countrymen so dearly, still evaded this extremity of "disa-tor, and were always enabled to report their armies as '??fe.' Lee him Silt', alter one of his most, brilliant victories,- iifiiiented the invariable absence of lesuits, an<l complained that be coul l never capture n dividion ur even a brigale of tho vanquished ene? my. These trophies it was- ins fate i?6tto win for himself, but t6 couti ?bute to other-;. The war was nt last con? cluded,?nd the cause lost by the very commander who hud done moro than all the rest to promote and sustain them. Yet all this clnl in reality, but speak tor bis extraordinary ability, lie Suffered the final defeat simply because lie was the hist to be beaten. . His lieutenants e?capeJ because ho. was unconquered. Euly wns gradual Iv driven out of the Shenandoah Var1 ley by Sheridan, - but be bad Rich? mond open to iiim iu h s rear. John? ston'was driven across the Carolinas, but he held his forces together with the assurance that tin-re was Rich? mond to retire Huon. Lee, however, the suppoit. and :tuy of all -the rest, had only his own army aid bis own position, and icnud that army ami position thc ar:uie-> of on? adversary alter another steadily closed When? ever ^divisional commander retro > ted before a Federal lurer-, that fine became disengaged fur the combined campaign against Lee. He held Rich? mond so long that at last there was pothing els# I eft for the enemy to take. The Capitals of Georgia and South Carolina, though far in his rear, hail been taken already, and although lie still guarded tho frontier of the Confederacy, the interior bad been penetrated and occupied behind him. -North and South, Fast ami West, the .foe gradually encompassed him, and for months the end was at hand. That ibis end, for him. should bi not only defeat, but prosecution, ii . t >o strange cn event to be tfeliffVed Twelve months ago there was not at American of the North but wo.uk have enthusiastically hailed hts acc?s sion to the command of all the annie of the Republic. lt is obvious, however, that th abruptness of the end, combined witl the terribly crime by which it wa signalized, has affected the America G ;vernrneot. Not only is a new an moro uncompromising President at th head of the State, but the State itse is under the influence of natur; pa-sion. Peace came at last wit an absolute shook, and the collapse > the South v asse . ud<>u and compte ? that it removed all immediate neces sity of conciliation or compromise Let the North do what they, will, the South for the present can fight no more. The stories (rom Arkansas and lexas are apocryphal, and iudeed, wo know that no organized force-, from these parts could bo brought effectual ly u~pdn the scene of war, eren when the Mississippi was in tho hands of the Confederates. The North, in short, is so^ absolutely master of the field that President Johnson is exempt ed (rom many of the eottsiderations which President Lincoln but a lew months since'would have been com? pelled to entertain. Yet it must be acknowledged that as regards foreign nations his policy has been unexcep? tionable, and that tito plain interests o? the future may gradually prevail with him in his internal administration over theoretical conceptions of allegiance and treason. The whole course of this civil war has befen unique*in its character. The Confederate leaders ?lid more than any insurgent chief have ever done, and, ended with less to show for it. Their's was no 'Provisional' Government, organized in secrecy ned maintained at hazard. For four years they claim? ed place openly, and not unreason ably, among the States of thc world. If the Confederate Government was not recognized in diplomatic, form, it obtained, at any rate, every other kind ot acknowledgment, lt was known an the exchanges of Europe, and contracted )o:ms on no unfavorable '."nus. It found its way into our Year Books and geographies, and jecame for its brief term of existence i getiuiue political reality. Posterity uny curri even to* tito respectable dimanche de Gotha, and learn who vere-the Southern officers af State in iieyear, 1SG4. Great English statesmen recognized the creation of a ne w natron, tr.d yet of that nation lhere romains e* now than usually survives even thc most hopeless insurrection. Six weeks sufficed to convert secession from a nighty revolution into a treasonable ..rime.-London Times, June 7. NEW YORK. MILLIONAIRES.-Wm. ?>. Astor is sixty-five years old; worth nillions; a rotund-faced, pleasant, quiet nannered gentleman ,ou oe cloudy >ide of sixty; owns two thousand Iwellin^s, is a lenient landlord. A. T. Stewart, thin, nervous, digni ied; worth thirty millions, aud liberal :i e-tsos of benevolence which appeal o his sympathies.. Commodore Vanderbilt is white laired, red cheeked, seventy, worth bi ty. millions, drives a fast horse :i-eps :i Inst boat, controls two f.isi ail road companies with .fast men, and jives away his money very lavishly. August Delmont, twenty millions soarse, stout, fifty, and very German George Opdyke, five millions, fifi j mt looks younger; sui agreeable gen leman. Jauie3 Gor"on Bennett, five mil tons, seventy-three years old, dignifies n manner, broad SooUih accent, bene .olent to the poor. Tho war in New Zealand goes o villi increased ferocity. Gen. Came on, the British Commander-in-Chie icling on the defensive. The last fea >f the Maroi rebels was to eat, a English missionary who they had ca? med. The Marois were not wholl mkind, however, they allowed tb nissionary to say his prayers, and the .at him to the last morsel, beginnin vith his eyes and brains. It is stale* n palliation of tho seeming atrocity i his mode of disposing of a prisoner war, that the missionary had been land speculator! -*h The Armstrong gun, for the inve lion of which, tho inventor receivt he honors of knighthood, to s; nothing of more solid compensatio is said to be a disappointment to t British Government. j Munchausen Rediviv?cs. i . To the givat student or history the I fact is patent that Union Frederick. Hiertuymus Munchausen died peace? fully in his :>ed, at Bpd:nwe?, in llan? over, after Us marvelous fictions had | rendered Iii- name famous lo all attel? ages. History also vouches for the \ fact that tie aforesaid- Munchausen ! died without issue in ei;.h?r branch. But history often errs, and it is po-?- j sihle that tr.e individual who reported j the fire at Barnum's for the Tribune, I in yesteday'a edition, caa claim, with honor to h;rr>elf, ifnot to Munchausen, lineal descctii front the greatest liar of modern lime;. Wc ar.: informed bv this credible personage that tho* '?io-.s 1 in the Musturn paced hurriedly up and down, moaning dismally.' Ile also observed thrungli a window, into which ?io directed his visual egans, *;i large cage containing a lion aud lioness.1 Here are a few -more apocrypha! passages from the same veracious sourie: '.Tho polar lear hud shrunk to the coolest corner, with half his fur burnt /rom his snowy coat, and there sat wonderingly gazing upon tho scene heure him. Accustomed, as lie had been, lo deal w th . ti 1 y the walrus and the seul in the cadd blue waters of^the Arctic regio-'-., ho was evidently co:. siderably alarmed at the excessively torrid scene, which was blazt: g through tho room, tinder the cr ctmiMances he found it bupoj-.ib'c io take it c.n..;!y. *. With a simultaneous bound the lion and his mate sprang against their bar-, winch gave way an ! came down with a great crash, releasing .the beasts, which for a ??jotn -ut. apparently amazed at Jneir sudden i?b?r?y, ?tood in the middle of the floor lashing their side? wita their talK and roaiiu^dole? fully. "Meanwhile the lion and th? tiger were continuing?, their c.ons-.-r, now with the advantage on one' .-?de, now cm the other; and the boa was slowly lightening his fatal coils round tie priming body of tba lioness, which, however, bit and struggled, lacerating the striped skiti of its adversary ter? ribly. The floor was >?]ready crimson with their blood, while the commin? gling hi-ses, howls, veils and roars utterly surpassed all efforts at descrip tion." Ttii? kind of thiog is styled hy the Tribune as 'Our Reporter's Vision of Lite and ib-ati .' In order to vi'W fhe lituation in he Museum, '.hu .Tribune reportei s' . ?ned hims. If at a window :i Ann street, win.-rc. as h? states, lie was 'conti lent of- finding items in ibu nuance.' Well, the said items were loan !, and h-und with a v.-ngc ..nee. Ferdinand M md-Z Tinto, whom Pope has immortal zed ;ij the greatest liar of history, coi.ld not have, jone bet ter. Accord.ag io Mr. Hand, .he manager of ibo museum, there was leitber lions, lionesses or tigArs in the Museum at the tune of it.s destruction >y fire. The Tribune- man also rtat.es ?hat he Iftard the dying groans of one >f the aforesaid beasts 'at a distance of lalfamile.' He had a slight advan age in his oracular organs over the litv thousand spectators of the fire. But, then, what of thaT? the beasts bad o be dune in as dramatic a manner ?a possible. Perish truth-the circula .ion of tho Tribune must not diminish or want o? healthy mental pabulum. I New York World. A N ? : w !.i N K o F ST K A M K KS.-The Herald's Charleston corresponden I ?ays a company has been formed ir that city, and a large amount subsoiib ed by Northern and Southern capt Lalists for thc establishment of anothei direct lino of, fast steamers betweet New Yolk ami Charle ton. W. P. Powell, a colored rc an, ht been appointed ">u,... y Puhlic? by tb Governor ol' New York and hr. take thc oath cf officn. ila h lb first colored m?n.*who h;:s occupie such a position io New \ork city. Hon. Pierre So?le has opened a law office in llie city of Mexico. So much for iii3 possession of* the French and Spanish Lnguages. While our youno; professional men are now generally idle, thf?y cannot do better than oxer eise themselves over Olleodcff in acquisition of the Continental lan- ! guage*. The French is tho gr?a* j world's conversation language. Very j noon the German and Spunish will be ? absolutely necessary to tvery lawyer in tiie Southern States-the former I especially. If not absolutely neces? sary hore, they are both, valuable capi tal for the-professional man who shall ?eek his fortunes in contiguous lands. Governor Bramlette, of Kentucky, ? bas delivered au address in Louisville 1 in advocacy of the constitutional amendment to abolir!) and prohibit slavery, and illustrative of the nd- j vantage of free over ?lave labor. He j admonished bia hearers that the pro- j gress of events had practically destroy- j ed the institution of slavery, and j urged them to thko measures im- ' mediately for ?ts abolition iu Ken? tucky. A severe storm on Sunday, the 10th, caused immense freshets in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. On the Raritan and Schuylkill Rivers fields ? were flooded, bridges injured and car ried away, houses and barns nearly ? submerged, und much prorerty wholly j destroyed. On the New .jersey I Central Railroad a bridge was under- j mined and a freight train waa oonse- ' quently turned over, with all ito freight. | Many animals were drowned. Commander* W Federal cavalry marching through Texas have giveo orders to prevent all trespasses upon private property, and to stop strag? gling. Tho Central Texas Railroad is in a fair way toward completion, much to the gratification of ibo Federal "sol? diers. Jay hawkers and thieves are doing much mischief in thc interior of Texas. One of the largest banking houses in ti e United States ii in the Ba'den Baden of America (Saratoga.) It is! ctiled the Faro Bank. John Morris? sey (of Heenan notoriety) is President. Ten thousand dollars may be staked (and lost) on a car l. Ladies get gen? tlemen to play for them, says the cor- | respondent of tho World. It. is said there are persons who live at the Fifth Avenue Hotel, Now York, keep their carriages, and 'nave a b<?x at the oppra, and ye* only return an income of ?600. This is jocosely ac? counted for hy the fact that every man lias ;? ri_-hr. to deduct, his house rent from his income, and by the supposi? tion lb.it each one of these person* ?li? iucts tho rental ot the Fifth Avenue Hotel. Burglars aro busy in Charleston, robbing sholls, houses and wagons. Vet tho general tone of thd pros- in that city is very encouraging. A fine Irado is anticipated this winter, and when this is the case,-public morals may well be permitted to tako ca:e ol' themselves". Thc kNew York Post coolly admits that, now that the negro ha3 been made a freedman, the probability is that he will undergo the fate of the red man. It needs no ghost of Ham? let to confirm this anticipation. PAINTING AND GLAZING. '""I'MIK subscriber is prepared to CON JL TRACT FUR WORK in the above line. .IAS. BROWN, .luly 25 ?* In rear of old stand. LONGCLOTHS! MOIIRNll MUSLIM! t CASE SUPERIOR LONGCLOTHS. ll " French MOURNING MUSLINS Marked at VbllY LOW PRICES Z:3ALY, SCOTT & BR?NS. July 25 3 Government Claims and Applica? tions for Pardon THE subset ?ber has made arrangements with one of the most able and inflo, etitial legal finns in Washington etty, for the prosecution of Govei nmt>ut claim* and applications for purdon. Ali applications for pardon under th? Amnesty Proclamation must first be lodged with the Provisional Govem?f, and from i henee forwarded to Wnshii.??tun city for final action by the Pressent. The inter? vention of nu attorney, hr.th at this (dat* and Washington city, will greatly facilr tuUi the transaction and completion of ?suoh.'bush.vSj. C. J- ELFORD. Attorney La-v. Jn'y SIC S ' Greenville, S. C. 1??~ Ail napers in the'State copy th rae titties hn.l eVnd hills t.. C. J. E. Dissolution of Copartnership. THE copartnership heretofore existing between the subscribers, under tho nitrne, style end firm of KILLIAN ?, WING, is thia day dissolved by mvual consent. F. W. WING, having purchased the debts due to the concern and assumed tillie due by it. persons having demands will present them to him, aoit persons in? debted will Qjuke payment to him. ELI KILLIAN. _F W. WING. The subscriber having puichased the interest of ELI KILLIAN in Hie aheva firm, th? business will hereafter be con ducted by him in his own nani'-. He respectfully solicits a share of public pa? tronage. '_ F. W. WING. The subscriber takes pleasure in reci-ra mending his late partner, Mr. F. W. W;ng.^ to thc support of tlie former patrons of the late firm of Killian i Win),', and of the public generally. ELI KILLIAN. July 21 _U* TOWNSEND & NORTH BEG leave tw inform their old friends and patrons tiiat Uiey will shortly have a stuck of BOOKS lind STATIONE? RY, c>.ute sufficient to supply ali demands; but. tur the present, '.hey wili keep a I v..: iety stoi c. ! They are now receiving and ,s:??ni?;<; Paper. Envelopes, Pens, Pete i is. Ti ti wari. Ink, Water Buckcs, D'o .' ?>.-, ScVn rs. Pocket [viiives. Matches, Needles, Musial j, extra tine ?rooking ano Chewing T< hueco, Sejjara, Sweet Oil, assorted Jellies, Picklea. Hyson Ten, Water Craekei-, Butter Bis? cuit, Ginger Cakes, Sug~.r and Fleur x' .. will endeavor, as far ?is possible, to keep such articles as are ncedtul.uutii thsj. eau get on their atoefc. of Books. Store rk?xt to-BcdelVs. _ - July 20 y (Formerly of Baltimore, Md., late ot Sot?ih Carolina.) Al?. ?? Wail Sircat, Xtw York. ft? ly A b Jd ?t0SZ? &?&XJ?23? COMMISSION MERCHANT, / i R?C2RIES. LIQUORS, F RO VI UT SIGNS, DRY UOUhs, BOOTS. Shoes, lia's,Crockry, Hardware, Leather, Petroleum, Oil and Lamps, Drugs, and a general assortment of Good?, at lowest wholesale prices. CoiTuN. RICE. TOBACCO, ROSIN. ?c., purchased, sold on commission 01 taken in ?xchange for pojda on favorable terms. Oidcis respectfully sol.?.'.'.eil RLJ and advances on consignments made. REFERENCES. Messrs. Wilson, Gibson <? Co., Bankers, New York. 1 homos it Co., Bnnkera, Bulimors VV. T. Walters -? Co . Baltimore. L. D. Cr. ushaw. Esq.. Richmond. John Bratton, Esq , Winnsboro. S. C. Ashury Coward. Esq., Yorkviile", S. C. Joseph Walker. Esq., Spartanburg, C. M L. Geary, Lsq., Attorney, Ed?r?eld, rf. C. _ J_Jilly 22 7 Change of Schedule on thc Wil fiiiington and Manchester Railroad. mm em sm SUM TER, JULY 10, 1S?5. ON and after July 10, traits will .-un tri weekly over this road, ns follows: Leave Kingsville every Tuesday, Thura day and Saturday, at 4-15 a. m., tor Pee Dee and all stations on the Cheraw and Darlingup and North-eastern Railroad passengers reaching Charleston same n ij;!it. Returning.-An\ve ni Kingsville every Monday, Wednesday and Friday, at S 42 p. m., from any ?>f th.- pointe indioated .above. HENRY M. DR?NE", *July 14 12 General Superintendent. Brass and Copper Wanted, HSOLOMON <v t/O. stilt continue to . purchase BRASS and COPPER., TU? highest market pi ce will be paid. il rOLOVOV .v ? 0 . W st d ' - if Assembiv steed?.