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$1 a Month, in Advance. ''Let our just Censure attend the tmo Even*."-Shaksprare. Single Copies Five Cents By J. A. SELBY. . COLtJMBIA, S. C., FRIDAY MORNING, MAY 19, 1865. VOL. l.-NO. 43. THE COLUMBIA PHONIX, rUlll.161ir.il DAILY, EXCEPT SUNDAY, fi Y JULIAN A. SELBY. . '. TURMS-TA' AD V?XCE.. SUBSCRIPTION." Six months, - - - $5 Oue mouth, .... 1 ADVERTISING. One square, (ten lines,) ene time, $1 00 Sub quent.insertions. . - t 7? .Special notices ten cents.per line. . Charleston-Past, Present and Future. We take the following from the New Orleans' Delta: CHARLESTON, S.C.June 12,1865. Northern men coming to the nit)' of .Charleston seem surprised nt the con? dition of things here in regard to busi? ness. A.n idea seems to have prevailed that tb?; fountains of Southern wealth, were about to be re-opensd: that the close of the war would Gnd the South bare of goode, ljut teeming with money, -and that those who -were the first to bring dry goods aul notions would the quickest return with cotton and It is idle to speculate upon tho origin of this fantasy, lt is evident that these goods could be very con renient ly spared out of Northern stocks, or they would nott!have come here at this yeaa??Sjy in tile face of such adverse probabilities; ?but the wonder is thal those who came with the goods should not sooner have realized their true ?jirosper.ts. The people of Charleston lived on the profits o? slave labor just ns entirely as those ot Lowell live now ou the profits of manufactures. The annual crops of cot top ana rice sohl ?r this market produced the great finn out. of which every man, woman anc child, white and black, in the whole .community, received bis or ber mean: of living for the ensuing year. Fur thertnore, out o? this lund tin.* plan tors and other residents in the ?nterin purcfiHied such articles as they needed paid till eosts of transportation, fee and other expenses due in the city and paid also their taxes ti? the St.aU During the <7ar this state of thing bas been very much modified. Mos of those persons in Cisy circiim stance who left the city for the army, r< moved their families^ to the interio either to plantations, small farmsj^ villages, where, latid being cbeap,^B residence, has a few acres for a garoet Here, wi.ii sn me means to Start witt and .some good management, it is eas for them to live, and they will nc return to thc city until there is remi ueralive employment, for the ma members of the family. The san: thing loay be* said of many retir*1 business men, who, being too old ft the annvt.'?itd finding, thei- anrtti income in Confederate money inad <pja'e to the scale of prices ruling tlio, city, migrated to the interio They will not return until their hives merits are resuscitated. Alter tl removal of these two classes of tl inhabitants, early in the war, the c pernlitures of the Con ledi rate (iorer merit" and the profits of blockat running supported ibo population the city, and it became ?llogether i dependent of the interior. Thc sources of support ufere lost when t city was occupied by t?Ue United Stat forces in February last., ane^sincc th its people have been living. God kno how. Whatever were their means living, they surely had no means being customers for such goods those now coming here; besides, h ing access to the first sales of block; goods, they were, perhaps, bettor st plied than most other populations the"SoiUb. There was some trade fiore afc f with tho negroes; cunning and slue in small things, they bad boen hoi jrirj their 'good money;' the fla bonnets, bright ribbons and gay dfes that came first, were much run uj but the reservoir was not deep ? . tho st ref m ?yjon ceased. To mnk-> Charleston again a ci m.ercial mart, oin; of two things n ! bo done. Either its export trade in cotton and rice must be preserved, or it njust become a point of importation ; and distribution for foreign and North? ern, goods. Until one of these two things appears probable of accomplish? ment, there will be no reviyal here; no amorjfit of enterprise can do more than produce a counterfeit of vitality. The prospect for a continuance in the export of cotton and rice will depend entirely' upon the results of the expe? riments now making in tire matter of free labor. I think, as a general rule, fhose experiments will be honestly rind faithfully tried in this ?State. Thc planters, asa class, are better educated, more intelligent, and moro apt in applying new ideas; than elsewhere in the South. They appear, too, to be generally very well, satisfied with the conduct and practical views of the officers assigned in the various locali? ties, to the immediate supervision of 'the freedmen. They have accepted emancipation as ri fact evolved out. of the war, and do not discuss its policy OB rightfulness. They are, in many ca?e*. extremely despondent as to the results, and n<rain, others are sanguine of as much success in planting under ttie tiew system as under thc old. There are two causes which now threaten in their effects to seriously embarrass, if not to entirely prevent the' success of the exp .?.ri meut, espe ci y MI some very promising cases. Ot. of these is, that the officers al? luded to above, as. having this matter in charge, being Northern men, feel a rmturaTdesire to get nut of this climate before Summer fully sets in. The moral effect'of their presence, in keep? ing tim negroes satisfied, and stimula? ting them to work faithfully, is abso? lutely essential to the making of a crop this year-for the most critical period willi the crops is in August, when labor is most irksome, and the climate is especially deadly to tho white man-yet two weeks1 neglect then wilt entail great loss upon all interested in the crop. The other difficulty that T appre> hend arises out ot the late proclama? tion of the President, wherein the privileges of the arnnesty are not extended to any whose taxable pro perty exceeds|^20,000 in value. Most of tb elphin ters in this State, and especially those who have entered with most zeal into the effort to establish a system, under which the agricultura industry of the State could lie kept up by means of the labor of the freedmen are men of large properly, whose com mand of capital and large lande? possessions give them great advantage; in conducting the experiment. Now if this property is all to b< throwr??to the courts, and not only the landTbut the incoming crop'to ht brought under the operation of th: confiscation act, .liter, ol* course, tin present, proprietors will withdraw a once fruin all further connection will the m*ter, and let the United State military officers and thc freedmen ge (ju as well as they can together. I seems to me highly probalde That th President "may have designed to extent the amnesty hereafter to persons o this class who may. in good f.iitl devote themselves to this great worl Such a. measure would be cmineiuh simple and just, tor surely no mai could give stronger assurances c future loyalty than a slave ovj'.icr xvii heartily' and in good tamper unde takes the task of employing bis formt slaves as frcadmeh for wages, an assistip.g ,thein across, the slipper tin'esliold of liberty. Should the effect of emancipate bo to crowd tho negroes into mulari districts, the interior healthy distrie of this State would offer great indue ments to emigrants trom Europe ar the North. The facilities for manufa tures, hitherto unimproved, and many cases barely recognized, are ve great. The Savannah, Edisto, Sant< and Peedeo rivers, witb their trihutari coming do*vn from tho rooun'jipo I frontier corner of the North-east, and j branching out toward thc sea-fronUof two hundred railes in extent, offer advantages of water-power which, in . regularity of supply and concentration of locality, are unrivallefT in the South. The soil is genial, and though, not naturally as rich'ne the virgin lands of the West, amply reward the intelligent application of .fertilizers. Land :s cheap and abundant; the climate genial;-'the peuple refined. Internal communication wa? well systematized, convoient and cheap before the war, and will he restored to thesj conditions with reviving prosperity. JJT. M.* The Future of South Carolina. - "We have no fears for the future of South Carolina. She is able, provided j ordinary facilities are offered, to look ! after her own interests. We know j very well what is needed to pince her in a condition whereby s-lio shari- he i regarded as one,of the truest States <>? the Union. Allow her lo he rept?- ! sented by men who understand' her social and political # condition, an 1-j there will l>,i no ditiiculty in satisfying j tlie thinking people ol' the country, that she, in the future, will be all that j could be required <*f any State." . First, it must, lie understood that South Carolina is as ready and willing as any State of the Union t<> enter ? into tlie bonds of a common Confede? racy in which all the States shall be represented. We will ndmij such was' not her language a few mouths ago, but now we are not dealing with the ]iast, but with trre present and f?e future. It becomes us hy every con sideration to b>ok to the prospective welfare of not onlv our State hut all the States, and who will venture to assert that the welfare of SrSu;h Caro? lina is not connected with ?lie pros? perity of all the other States of thc Union. We entreat parties, possibly non-residents of the soi', who are making visits to the North, to be care? ful as to what opinions they offer in reference to the stfhtimcu*-? <".f the people of South Carolina. We. as a j people, are prepared to receive the now .' political status presentetl to us, and persons going to the North and repre? senting, that the State is wholly unfit for the consideration of a bestowment of civil authority, are doing us great injustice. South Carolinians are not fools. They admit, as do all sensible people both North and South, that the war is ended. They now ask that they may be allowed to enjoy the rights of civil government and the privilege of in? dulging in their accustomed professions and pursuits. They desire that facili? ties sn ou ld be extended them of re? pairing and rebuilding their shops and warehouses, and that tlie regular chan nels of trade should be opened. In doing this thev pledge their fealty to | the UnitetkStates Government. Wc j have one request to make of our friends of the North, and that is that they will uot incite a w;ir of rares in the South. At nrrsrnt the new system ol labor is working harmoniously and satisfactorily, and, in course of lune, we doubt not that this state of aftVus i will be greatly enhanced iii ?,beneficial j point of view. W- repeat, '.'nat Sont;, Carolinians ~\\\ noti he. backward in looking after their own interests, pro? vided they receive proper encourage? ment.- Charleston Courier. Sir Roderick Mtirehison has com? municated to the papers intelligence received from \ho Foreign Office, of. the discovery by Mr. Darker, of an? other great central Alocan feke, whence the Nile issues, nurjRvhiclPrins been named by Mr. Darker the Albert Nyanza. The second great Nilotic lake lies in North latitude 2 degrees, 17 minutes, and Sir. Roderick Murchi son surmises that it is the Lula heard of by Speke, and placed hypothetically m.about its true position oo his n.ap, but which he was preven.eb" from ex aroinw.g. Superior Provost Court, 4th Div'n? Columbia, S. C. '""pHE undersigned will practice in this JL Court ^Residence in College Campus. ' JRlES D. TR ADE WELL. July 24 TP . Attornoj- at Law. PURKIT^?rSTOl?EWAKi? ~ &c. IAM now prepared to.REPAIR, CLEAN ami REV AK NISH all kinds of FURNI? TURE I have Hotne fine and plain FUR N ITU RE, a variety of STONEWARE, (at pottery prices,) with a email lot of GRO? CERIES and UN WARE, which I will sell or barter at reasonable rates. Store and shop at my burnt dwelling, first street East of Mainstreet, near Nicxerson's and Congarce Hotel*luins. A portion of thc" trade of my friends and of the citizens generally is sbl%ited. A. C. St?UIER. July 22 _ _ _ _ f:j Just Received and' for Sale by Cst-, IVE. COFFIKT, (Wurr of Sainte and Bull Streits, SODA WATER. LEMONS, RAISINS. Ladies" SHOES anti GLOVES, HAIR BRUSHES and COMBS. FA NS. sM ) N<; THREAD, DROWN WINDSOR SOM", G FUMAN ' '< ?LOGNE, ^ TURPENTINE SOAP, STARCH, Sim ALSO, V A supjalv of TIN WARF, on hand. July 22* 4" IVE\V_(?OODS, NOW OPENf^C. AT AUCTION ROOM, BEDELL'S ROW, AND will be offered nt private sale for . a lew <la\s only, a large ami assort eil' stock of GOODS, consisting of : Gent's Woolen anil Tinea SHIRTS, SHIRT GOLLAUS, HALF HOSE, Linen arm Silk Handkerchiefs, Gloves, fine Felt. Hat*, Toilet So,,j -, Combs, Ladies' Hose, Corsets," Lat ge assortment Hoop Skirts; Parasols, Ladies' Gaiters and Slippers, Collars and Cuffs, and man}" other arti eles. July 22 3* Dissolution of Copartnership. r I ^HK copartnership heretofore existing JL between the subscriber?, under the name, style and firm of KILLIAN &. WING, ?8'this day dissolved by mutual consent. F. W. WING, having purchased the debts due to the concern and assumed those dur Thy it. persons having demands will present them to hjin, and persons in? debted will make payment to him. ELI KILLIAN, F. W. WING. The sijb?cr?ber having purchased tho interest of ELI KILLIAN in the above linn, th? business will hereafter be con ducted by him in his own name. He respectfully solicits a share of public pa? tronage. " r F. W. WING. The subscriber takes pleasure in recom? mending his late partner. Mr. F. W. Wing, lo tho support, of the former patrons of" Ihn lat?, firm of Killian <fc Wing, ano of the public generally. ELI KILLIAN. July 22 '" 14* Architect and Civil Engineer. 1>RQFESS10NAL BUSINESS attended to in North and South Carolina. Dfiice at Mrs. H. Lyons'.Garden, Colnm da. S (t. .Inly 20 W. H. EAUTERBY, Oom. j?/L&'sr&la.ajt&t Receiving and "Forwarding Agent, ' CHARLESTON, S. C. PROMPT attention given to ord ero for the sale or purchase of COTTON or PRODUCE of any "kind. .Lily 15 f?3* Farmer's and Ex. Bank Charleston. \ MEETING of the Directors of this J-\. Bank will bp held at the office of the President.' No. 34 Broad street, (up stair?,) on THURSDAY, J^y 27, proximo. t> A full meeting is earnestly requested, as business, of much importance will bc brought "before them. WILLIAM WHALEY, President Fainter's and Exchange Bank. Charleston, S. C., July ll, 1SC5. July 15 fS Jacob Ijevin., Auction and Commission Agent, Corner of Plaina and Assembly Streets, "ft A/I LL give particular attention to the Tf disposal *of Real Eft*???, Cotton, Provisions and General Merchandize. Will attend ;o t.b< saleof "Fcroiture,?c.. at any ravt of the civ that owners mar require. V <T"lv ' ^ TOWNSEND & NORTH BEI* leave to inform their <<\r\ friend? and patrons that they will ?hort.lv have a sleek of BOOKS and STATIONE RY, quite sufficient to supply all demands; but. tor the preacnt, they will keep a variety store. They arc now receiving and opening Raper. Envelopes, Pen?, Pencils, Tinware, Ink, Water Buckets, Blooms, Scissors, Pocket Knives, Matches, Needles, Mustard, extra fino Smoking and Chewing Tobacco, Sega rs, Sweet Oil, assorted Jellies, Pickles. Hyson Ten, Water Crackers, Butter?Bis cuir, O infer Cnkos. Sugar and Flour. They will endeavor, as far an possible, to Icep such articles ns are needful until they can get on their stock of Books. Storr nert to J>fi,h irs. Joly 20 f BOOTS, SHOES AND TRUMS ! AT WHOLESALE AND RETAIL O JOCK REPLENISHED WEEKLY by K J t he New York steamers. Purchases are being made in Philadelphia, New York and Boston, by Mr. Dunham, of the firm of Dunham. Taft Si Co., ami will be sold at. the old est:;' '?shod -land, 250 King street, sign of the j C BOOT, nt very reasonable prices; where ? he public and all his old friends a: i invited to call and inspect for themselves. T..M. BRISTOL, Sign of thc Big Loot, Bend of King street, Charleston, S. C. July 13 f6 Headq'rs 4th Sub-District. Military District of Charleston. D. S , * CITY OF COLUMBIA, S. C.. JULY 17. I8u5. GENERAL ORDERS NO. ll. IN compliance with G-encrnl Orders Nb 102. Headquarter* Department of the South."dated at Hilton Head,.S. C., June 27, ISG5, the'following officers and citizens ?ra announced ns IUK B?ard constituting l,he Superior and Circuit Provost; Court* o? l.his Sub-District, and, for the present,, will con veno'their sessions at. Columbio, S. (' ? Superior Cowl. '2d Lieut GEORGK W. I PEN, 25th Retr*t O. V. V j.. Provost Judge DANIEL P. McLON A LD, Eio., of Co? lumbia, A ssociate Judge. ANDREW G. BA.-KIN', Esq , of Colum? bia, Associate.-Judge. , Circuit Court. Wilt bc presided ov*r by one of the Associate Judges, to ba designated by the subdistrict Commander. By ordc.r of N. II AU (ft ITO N, . Lt. Col. 95th Itcg't O. V. V. b, Com'dg. ions WAWOS, Lt. -25th Rcg't O.Y.Y. !.. A. A. Adj t. ?.icn. - July Ly 6 ?%7Sr7j?k. QUINCY, (Formerly of Baltimore, Md., late o? South Carolina.) No. 62 Wall-Street, New York: 5PTT?B mmfcsm Axn ; COMMISSION MERCHANT. (> ROUERIES, LIQUORS, P ll O Y I - UT SIONS, DEY GOODS, BOOTS, idioes. Hats, Crock ?ry. Hard ware'. Leather, .'etroleum, Oil and Lamps,. Dru us, arid a general assortment of Good?, nt lowest wholesale prices. COTTON. RICE.. TOBACCO. E.0SIN, fcc. purchased, sold on comoi'.ssion or aken in exchange for goods on favorable erms. Orflers respectfully solicited arel ir.d?advances on consignment's made. RRFSn?NCRS. Messrs. vr.sor. Gibson.,J. Co., Bankers. S'ew York. , Thomas Sc Co., Bankyrs, Baltimore W. T. Walters &. Co., Baltimore. L. D. Crens'naw, Esq., Richmond. John Bratten. Ear) , Winnsboro, S. C. Asbury (''?ward. Esq., Yorkviilb, S. C. Joseph Walker*. Esq.. Sparenburg. S. C. M L. Geary, Ksq.. Attorney. Edgefi?ld, >. C. r _ July 22 7_ Ghange cf Schedule on the Wil Imington and Manchester Railroad. SUMTER, JULY 10, 1SC5. ON and after July 1?, trains will run tri-weekly over this road, ns follows: Leave Kingsville every.Tuesday, Thurs? day a rai Saturday, at 4 45 a. rn.Jpfor rfl?c Dee arm all stations on the Cheraw and Darlington an i North-eastern Railroad passengers re&ching Charleston same nignt. Returning-Arrive at Kings*?yjlrc every Monday, Wednesday and Frida v, at 8 42 p. m., from any of the points indicated above. HENRY M. DRAKE. July 14 12 General Superintendent. Brass~and" Copper Wanted HSOLOMON <t CO- ?tili continue to ? rr.rchase BRASS and COPP ?R Tb? highest market price will h? paid$ H. SOLOMON ? CO.. ' "W*~-t f."> of 4ss?cibly ?treft-, Julv f> Imo . B*low Plr.ir..