Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

W&t ?j)?ilt?t0m Jails jfefeg, VOLUME X.-NUMBER 2179. ' CHARLESTON, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 9, 1873. EIGHT DOLLARS A YEAR7 CHEER FOR CHARLESTON! FLFTSEN FEET OF WATER IS BEACH CH AKSEL AT LOW TIDE. The Result or the Government Surveys -Ample Funds In the Hands of Gene? ral Gilmore to Do the Ktquired Work. Although Charleston, by ber nearness to the sea and tbe spaciousness ot her harbor, has incontestable advantages over most ol her S neighbors, the comparative shallowness of the water on Charleston Bar has been a decided obstacle in the way ot tbe development >trf the trade of tbe port. There has never been any necessity, as there is in Savannah, to use lighters la receiving and discharging cargoes. Vessels of large sizeJ come up to the wharves and He there, but at certain s' ages of the tide lt ls difficult to take sailing vessels of deep draft over the bar, and, tn rough weather, even steamships are liable to delay. It is only the depth ol water at Port Boyal which has caused that deadly lively place to assume any consequence aa a possible city ol tbe future, and the deepening ol the Charleston bar, so as to give a suffi? cient depth of water at all stages of the tide, will pi lek ibat bubble and cause the whole scheme to collapse. This great work ot giving Charleston more water ls about to be done. Last year General Q. A. Gilmore submitted to the department at Washington plans for the improvement o? Gbarleston harbor. These plans, founded on careful surveys, were, witb the estimates, examined and approved. The next thing was to obtain an appropria? tion, and Congress cheerfully gave Charleston $A8,0C0. This ls the amount of money which General Gilmore can command. The plan ol operations is simple and intelll s% gible. Abandoning the idea of attempting to deepen the main ship bars, General Gilmore has determined to direct his efforts to scour? ing out the Beach or Sullivan's Island Chan? nel. The wrecks which are in the way will soon be completely removed; but the first thing ls to cut away a section ot one hundred and twenty-five feet ot the breakwater fer Jetty at Sullivan's Island. This breakwater ls partly submerged at bigh water, and the tlcle sweeps over it. The material taken from the section will be thrown back upon the re? maining section, and will so increase its height as to raise lt well above high waler mark. The whole volume of water, unable to pass over the break-water, will then surge throu ?h the channel. It ls the expectation of Ueneral Gilmore that this current will Itself scour ont the channel, but he will put dredg? ing machines, with centrllugal pumps, to work, with which he can obtain what depth of water is desired. General Gilmore ls confident that, with the means at his command, he can Becure^/ieenfeet of water at low tide In the Beach Cbannel, and, as the water there ls smooth, such a deptb ls equal lo at least six? teen feet upon an ordinary bar. The work begins at once, and it is probable that tbe derrier, wbicb removes the section of break? water will commence operations to-day. The work will be pushed vigorously forward, and should it be necessary to apply to Con? gress for more money lt ls not believed that this will be difficult to obtain. Charleston grows la importance every day, and with twenty-one or twenty-two leet of water in Beach Channel at mean high tide she cao defy competition, and make herself the com? mercial sovereign ol the South Atlantic Coast. . CHARLESTON IO ANTWERP, VIA PHILADELPHIA. Arrangements having been made to offer steam freight facilities hence to Antwerp, by t^d steamships o? the Philadelphia-Charles? ton line, we append the prospectus of the %ew company, and direct public a'.t<~ Mion to the principals ol this Important traLdaMantic passenger and lreight route, Messrs. Peter Wright A Sons, whose commercial standing ls so well and favorably known : First-Class Steamship -Seivlce between Antwerp and Philadelphia, appoint? cd to Carry the Belgian Malls. A regular steamship service between Ant? werp and Philadelphia will be commenced tbls'montb, by the steamships ot this line; the first departure from Antwerp ls Intended to take place January, 18th Instant, and the first departure Irom Philadelphia, on the 15th of February, proximo. These steamships are specially constructed for this trade; of Iron, with double bottoms, and in accordance with the etriciest regula? tions of English Lloyds, they have received the highest class ever accorded to any steam? ship. Their models are especially adapted for safety, comfort and speed. Elegant accommo? dations are provided for passengers. The saloon and first-class staterooms are upon the main decks amidships where the least amount of moilon Is felt, and where ihe best ventila? tion ls secured. This line Intends to give especial attention to the comfort of the steerage passengers; comfortable berths, well ventilated sleeping apartments and good lood will be furnished them. Passengera bound for points beyond Phila? delphia, and their luggage, will be transferred at Philadelphia to tue railroad lines of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and other companies, free of extra expense, and the passengers will be proleoted Irom the many inconveniences and expenses entailed upon them on landing at other ports. Tbe Red Star Line, In connection wllh the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and ihe Railroads belonging to the Government of Belgium and their connections, and with the steamship lines between Antwerp and Great BritalD, bas arranged to Issue through bills ot lading from all the important interior points on ihe continent of Europe, and the eastern ^and southern ports of Great Britain to all the porta of entry in the Interior ot the United States at minimum rates of freight. By this arrangement shippers will be saved all trans ier and agency expenses at the seaboard both In Europe and the United States, and Western Importers will be able to manage their direct business with Europe with better lacllities than ever before offered them, and to pay their duties at home if desired. Shonld Importers prefer to have their duties paid In Philadelphia ihe general agents ot the company will attend to the same, lree of any charge lor their services, when provided with the necessary documents and funds. It is the Intention ot this line to attend to the business offered lt with promptness and dispatch, apd to establish a saving lu time ot several days from the interior of Europe io the interior of the United Stales over any other route, and Ibe attention of Importers from Belgium. Austria, Germany, Switzerland and eastern France, ls particularly called to the advantages this route offers for direct n?es and the least amount of handling. Further and full information will oe gladly furnished to any who will address: PETER WRIGHT & Boss, General Agents, No. 115 Walnut street, PhUadelphla, ' - B. VON DER BECKE, General European Agent, Antwerp WM. A. COURTENAY, _Agent lu Charleston. RUSSIA IN ASIA. LONDON, January 27. The latest reports with reference to the Anglo-Russian troubles In Central Asia are io tte effect that Russia has made a proposal for the establishment of a neutral Zone, and giving guarantees for the Independence and neutrality of Afghanistan. The Grand Duke Nicholas ls about to pro? ceed to Jwrehlded tc participate lo the Khi van Expedition. CALMIX COLUMBIA. A Futile Attempt to Resurrect the Bine Bldge Scrip-A Lively Protest lr. the Sent.tr, Where the President Takes IV ii 11 tr more Down a PeE-Sudden De? mite of the Financial Investigation Bill-The Bills Approved and Signed. [SPECIAL TILBQRAM TO TUB NEWS.] COLUMBIA, Monday, January 27. Tue Senate was engaged nearly all day In a sort, ol post-mortem wrangle over the bill re? pealing the law relating to the Blue Ridge scrip. Nearly all the members of the minority made long speeches on questions of privilege, accusing the president of the Senate ot gag? ging Senator Whlttemore last Friday. The president (Lieutenant-Governor Gleaves) mado a statement In reply, declaring that Wblttemore did not rise until after the Senate had voted to adjourn, and could not therefore be recognized. He denounced Whlitemore's protest on Saturday as untrue and malignant. Wblttemore gave notice of a bill to punish persons obtaining money under false preten? ces; Cain gave notice of a bill to charter the Edgefleld Cotton and Woollen Company; White gave notice of a bill to charter the Torkvllle Manufacturing Company; Smalls in? troduced a bill to fix the time when State and county officers shall make their annual re? ports; S walla offered a Joint resolution to au? thorize a special tax of two mills In Williams? burg; Cain .ntroduced a bill to allow school districts to subscribe lo the stock of the Spar tanburg and Aiken Railroad. Whlitemore introduced a bill to repeal the act creating the sinking lund commission. The bill to repeal the fourth (bond scrip) section ol tbe Blue Ridge act, and the bill to amend Chapter 120 (relating to chattels and mortgages) of the General Statutes, received their Anal reading. The bill to make appro? priations for the payment of the members and attach?s was passed. In the House the following bills were intro? duced: By Hamilton, to repeal Sections 3 and 4 of the tax law; by Warley, to appropriate $5000 to ouild a courthouse at Manning; by Davis, to incorporate the Yorkvllle Manufac? turing Company. The enacting clause of the Joint resolution to ascertain the amount and value of the State debt was stricken our, after a debate which laster! three hours. The following bills were approved and slngnedbythe Governor today: Fill tore peal Section 12, Chapter 103 of the General Statutes; bill to fix the time for holding the April term of the Supreme Court; bill to em? power the Supreme Court lo frame Issues, and direct the same to be tried In the Circuit Court; Joint resolution authorizing the attor. ney-general lo commence proceedings against the commissioners of the sinking fund; bill to change the names of Alice and Thomas Bright; bill to incorporate the National Zouaves of Charleston; bill to incorporate the Lin? coln Light Infantry of Charleston; bill to In? corporate the Bowen Riflemen Company of Charleston; bill to Incorp?rale the Irish Vol? unteer Rifle Club of Charleston; bill to amend Beet Ion 2 chapter 25 of the General Statutes; Joint resolution to relieve J. E. l ent, former sheriff of R'chlanri County, of a penally on tax ex?cutions; bill to change the name of Elmira McNary Speers to Elmira McNary Richie; bill to incorporate the Pe.imetto State Rifle Club ot Charleston; bill to amend an act to provide for the election of officers of the incorporated cities and towns In South Carolina._ _ _PICKET. CON OSES S IS BRIEF. The Failure of the Cotton Tax Bill-A Batch of Nominations-Ben Butler after the Civil Service Examiners. WASHINGTON, January 27. The Senate to-day confirmed ibe following nominations: Alfred V. Dockery, of North Carolina, consul at Oporto; James Snowball, surveyor of customs, Houston. Texas; J. G. Fowler, postmaster, Milledgeville. Ga.; T. T. Terrill, postmaster, Calvert, Texas; H. R. Smith, postmaster. Canton, Miss., and Mrs. L. A. Johnson. Griffin, Ga.; John F. Dezenderf, appraiser of merchandise, Norfolk, Va. The Se?ale rejected the nomination of Joseph Nimmo to be supervising inspector-general of steamboats. In the House, bills were introduced by Beck to refund certain conon taxes; by Chap can, delegate from ibe District of Columbia, declaring ihe Inauguration day a legal holi? day. Butler, of Massachusetts, offered a reso? lution cabing on the secretaries of the treas? ury, ol' the interior, of war and ot lue navy, and of the posimaster-general io furnish co? pies of all the questions propounded by the examiners lo the candidates lor appointment and promoiion to clerkships In their respec departmerits. [Laughter and approving re? marks ] Adopted. A bill passed, declaring that the meaning of the amendment to the bankrupt law was to allow the exemption pro? vided lor the Sute laws. A r?solution in? structing the committee of ways and means to report a bill retuuaing the conon tax was lost-76 to 105. The bill abolishing the frank? ing privilege, as passed by the Senate, passed and goes to the President-vole 143 lo 4ft. The bill ls a pure and simple repeal of tue franking privilege. In tbe Senate, tbe bill authorizing the sec? retary of the treasury to refund the differen? tial duties upon goods afloat In French bot? toms, at the lime of the proclamation, passed. The bil! requiring national banks to restore their capital when impaired and to amend the national currency act, passed. A bill passed withholding pay tor freights over roads, Inter? est on whose bonds has been paid by the gov? ernment, until the government ls reimbursed; said companies may bring suit in the Court ol Claims for such freights, and either party may appeal to the Supreme Court; both courts ?hall give precedence to these causes. The bill reported (rom the House committee on commerce, by Mr. Lynch, and passed to? day, for establishing life-saving stations, em? braces the whole coast line from the eastern extremity of Maine to ihe Capes ot Virginia and North Carolina. It authorizes a complete survey of ihe whole sea and lake coast of the United States, with a view to the extension of the syBiem to all the dangerous coaslB of the country. _ _ JOTTINGS ABOUT THE STATE. -The new bridge company at Columbia is doing a thriving business. -Governor Moses has appointed Joseph B. Reid and Reddln Rackley notaries public lor Plckens County. -Judge R. B. Carpenter and Solicitor J. H. Bunkle returned to Columbia on Friday from Camden, whilher they had been attending court for Kershaw County. -Comnany I, 18fh Infantry, commanded by Captain B. B. Keeler, reached Columbia last Saturday night. A detachment of the 7th Cavalry, commanded by Lieutenant McIntosh, has gone to Newberry. SPARKS FROM THE WIRES -Pratl's astral oil works, In New York, were burned yesterday. Loss $60,000. -Snow and rain fell In Rlohmond yesterday nearly all day. -The dedication of Shules, the New Hampshire cashier, is $190,000. - ;iie American brig Sarah and Emma cleared yesterday from Richmond, Va., for Rio Janeiro with 2586 barrels of flour. -lt was snowing from early noon in New York yesterday, the ground being covered to the depth of three inches. Wind northwest. -Tne committee on bribery of the Missouri Legislature will acquit Senator Bogy of ihe charge ot having used unlawful means in ob? taining his seat. -Laura D. Fair, unable to procure a hall, delivered her lecture, "Wolves in the Fold," in a lager beer saloon, at San Francisco. Ad? mission was tree, as every one refused to pay. A WAIL FROM SAVANNAH. TBE DISMAL PROSPECTS OF TBE FOREST CITE. Real Estate Depreciating In Value Business Going to Charleston-Des? truction ot the Factorage and For? warding Interests-How Can the Ship? ment or Half a Million Bales or Cot. ton Support a City ? Paul Pry, a correspondent o? the Savannah Advertiser, writes to that paper the following lugubrious account o? the position and pros? pects of the Forest City: We have lived, or rather managed to "pull through" the last three years io a delightful state of genteel beggary, on the remlulscences and iruits of the lour previous years of com? parative prosperity. Our city has been talked up and written up, like Morrison's pills, until we have acmally believed her to be the mont flouri.-hlyg, the most prosperous-the Et Dorado ol the South. Her merchants, princes; Orr bankery, Barings; her shopkeepers, merchants; her enterprise unexampled; her munificence unparalleled and-cotton, king. We have actually been forced to believe these things, and that, loo, In the lace o? per? sonal pecuniary proofs to toe conirary. We have believed ihese things, each man thinking ih?.t bis decay was individual, not general; bul. now, when every man discovers that his neighbor is as seedy and as much out at the elbows as himself, we are constrained to dismiss that belief and come down to plain facts, no matter bow galling to one's pride or how unpalatable to swallow. Asl remarked In my last, we have a beauti? ful city, with all the evidences o? progress without the realities of prosperity. There must be in ilvlduai action and exer? tion to extricate ns irom rula and bankruptcy. We have got to use our heads and our hands, to put our shoulders to tho wheel, take off our coals, put by our kid gloveB, and go to work vigorously and with a will. We must teach ourselves economy and retrenchment, while we Impress economy upon me corpora? tion. If we cannot afford a shad let us put up with sturgeon or catfish. Notwithstanding the heavy taxation, rents have got to be reduced still further, so as to enable those who are here to remain here. Affluent individuals, who may be cursed with ihe care or burdened by the weight of too much properly, cannot lu the existing state of things, take into consideration that trifling desideratum, whether lt Is a pay? ing Investment or not. They must go with the times, and p'ace to profit and loss the deficiency which their want of judgment, want of prescience and specula? tion created. Thereat value of properly in Savannah ls, or ought to be, even less than lt was previous to the war. Ruinous rents lead to depopulation, and de? population to the destruction ol landlords, far over any Tipperary code. Having now economized ourselves let us turn our attention to a retrenchment. In mu? nicipal affairs, and for this purpose it ls neces? sary to place belore you a synopsis of ihe mayor's report, so thal you may see ihe dangerous ground on which we stand, and can calculate the odds as to the time of the final extinction of the debt, the properly, or-our? selves. [The writer charges the city fathers with diverting $93,000 Irom the proper purpose, and accuses them ol extravagant manage? ment. Amongst other things he shows that the gas costs eighteen dollars a lamp more than in Charleston ] COTTON IS KINO. Mr. Editor, lt is not that we have too much clique, too much Anderson, too much Soreven, or too much Russell, but that we have too much taxation, loo muon cotton cotton on the brain. Startling as may be the proposition, I hold that it Is correct, for our in? ternal trade has been ruined and sacrificed by sheer neglect. We have amongst us a olasB of mea who are nothing more than birds ol passage-mere wayfarers-who contribute Hale ur nothlag to our prosperity, but rather extract all they make for ihe benefit ol Europe or Saratoga. These are some ot the cotton men who are cracked up as ihe merchant princes, while men .like McDonough, Gleason, Arkwright, Kinsey, Ballantyne, Nicolson and people of this ciass, who live here and employ labor; I each or any one ot them ls in reality ol greater benefit and of more use to Savanaah than half a dozen ot these cotton men comoined. BANKS generally receive a charter for their existence, under ihe supposition that they are io be the means of asiistlni: commerce aud developing the resources of the city or town In which ihey aro located. In Savannah our banks ignore anything outside ot colton. Instead ot being got up for the public beneilt, they are procreated by a clIque-emaalsBlon lor the benefit ol themselves. We have, therefore, banks got up for ihe suBieuance of bank direc? tors and their cotton friends, and bankers wno don't understand either the first princi? ples ol banking or the rudest outlines of po? litical economy. Let me show how banking In the cotton season is carried OD. Alrlend of mine engaged In a wholesale business required a few Hun? dred dollars, and fur Ibis purpose Bent to a certain bank tour or five small notes having from ten to tweniy days to run for discount. Now, not a man on any ot these bills but was as solvent as the vice-president of Umt bank. The bills were returned with the Dundreary lollmaiiOD, "That we ah, doQ't-ah, do-ah, anyiblDg-ah, un .ian a hunda 1" Thia 1B bank? ing with a vengeance. Why, slr, these kind of bilis are the true and proper ones that ali bankers with banking knowledge will greed? ily take In preference to putting all their eggs into one basket. But this 1B always the case where you see fellows who have only yester? day gol from behind a bar and are more con? versant with mixing liquors than managing finances. These men forget that they were ever poor Ihemselves, they lorget that honest industry should be sustained and encouraged, and that the prosperity of a city is la the devel ipment of her resources, in the promotion of manu? factures and the assistance ol her traders, and '.hat their prosperity adds to the prosperity of themselves. THE CENTRAL RAILROAD. Imperceptibly our business has been drawn irom us by an undertow, and Charleston, Ma? con, Augusta and Atlanta are thriving at our expense. That anaconda, the Central Railroad, bas wound her colls around IIB until we are almost In the last stage ol strangulation, and unies? strong steps are taken there will be nothing lett of Savannah bul Ihe Central Railroad de? pot and its wharf, and therefore proper muni? cipal legislation ls necessary io correct this. Our factorage Interest is destroyed. Our forwarding Interest Is destroyed. Our internal trade extends only between tho Ogeechee aud Yatnacraw. Our drayage Interest is destroyed. The Central Railroad has purchased proper? ty ia Macon; the workshops of Savannah liuve been removed to Macon to enhance Hie value of that property, and now we are called upon to billia bridges across the canal. For what? To cut our own throats. We have four hundred houses at Ihe pres? ent moment lo let. We have at least five thousand of an unpro- ! ductlve population, living upon ami ealing up or stealing what the balance or the adult pop -ulation earn. In this view of lliing->-ihis delightful view, which might suit the Central Railroad-dare any political economist ai tempt to insist that the m .*re forwarding of 500.000 bales of coi? tos, a lillie rice, and a certain amount of lum? ber, can support 28,000 inhabitants? The Idea ls preposterous ! Hume says: "Can we expect that a govern? ment will be well modelled by a peopie who know uoi how to make a spinning wheel or to employ a loom to advantage?" Here we are, like a parcel of Infernal fools, living upon the smell of royally, basking In Hie sunshine of Imperial colton, wailing, like Mloawber, for something to turn no, that never will turn up unless we shall help our? selves by beccming an industrious and manu incturing people. To-day it is immigration, to-morrow the canal, conon mills, paper mills, sugar mills-factories of ali Mads are to spring up a la Aladdin, and make us great, glorious and rich, without any Individual at? tempt on eur part tc assist in the consumma? tion o? our wishes. The money which has been made ID Sa vannah during the few years of our pros? perity after the war has been auric In brickB and mortar, and bricks aod mortar are Dot siifflcieriily portable to be either marketable or negotiable. We cannot do like the pedant !n Hlerocles who, when be had a house for sale, brought ? brick io his pocket as a specimen. I am greatly afraid that our bricks would bear a poor comparison with those of Philadel? phia or elsewhere. For Colonel Screven I liave the highest per? sonal regard and esteem. His strict honor and stern probity prevents me charging bim with either venalily or personal aggrandize? ment. My knowledge of the character of moBt of the aldermen prevents me bringing a similar charge against them; but it will not prevent me asserting boldly and openly that there has been gross mismanagement, prodi? gal expenditure, and almost a wiliul waste of the people's monev. To pul lt In the gentlest light possible, there has beea an error of judgment-bul the Lord deliver us from any more such errors of Judg? ment, for thev would be sure to plunge us into Inextricable ruin. This ls exactly where Incompetency begins. Those men have never looked to the future beneath the surface. They Imagined because they saw houses going up by magic, lots pur? chased at fabulous prices, that everything was colenr de rose, and they spent, and they spent as long as they could borrow, without thinking that only one quarter was real, and the bal? ance Cctlilons and speculative. In the face of a decrease In gold, In labor, material and provisions, they increase salaries and increase taxation. Does this look like wisdom ? Does this show capacity ? To econ? omize what do they do ? Take twenty-five cents a day off laborers' wages. Is this Just ? is i his expedient ? It reminds me of a relief meeting held in London during the Irish famine, when the I Duke of Norfolk got op and said : "My lords and gentlemen, currie powdah Is a very-ab, nuirltlous-ah, artlcle-ah of diet-ab, and my chet-ah InfwawmB me that a few pinch?B-ah of lt-ah goes a very long way indeed. Now, If a sufficient quantliy-ah could be procured, I am sallefled-ah that-aw lt will go a long way-aw In relieving the great dlstress-aw of our Irish bretbren-aw across the channel-aw." We require something more substantial than either currie powder or twenty-five cents a day, and I trust that the new board will In? augurate this eleotlon by some solid action, that while lt will redound to their credit will relieve ua fror i our burden. SEWARD AND NAPOLEON. .in Unwritten Chapter of the Confeder? ate War. [?''rom the San Francisco Bulletin, January ll.] The dealh of the ex-Emperor Napoleon re? calls an Incident of the great Southern rebel? lion which has not hitherto been made public. It ls well known that the late Emperor of the French was an active and earnest sympathizer with the South; that more than once be se? riously meditated material Intervention In Its behalf; that Ihe Invasion of Mexico and the enthronement of Maximilian In the seat of the Monlezumas was a uart of a deliberate plot io break up the American Uolon. But lo what lengths he prooeeded-how resolutely determined he was to carry his Iel! design Into execution-has never been fully known out? side of a narrow official circle. The story of bis purpose ls short but suggestive, and was told by Mr. Seward to a few personal friends at a dinner puny, among whom was the writer of this article. No one who was present will ever forget the Intense earnestness and animation of the great statesman as he re? lated the momentous incident. The exact words, BO pregnant with eloquent meaning so solemn and lmpasiioned-we cannot in every Instance reproduce, but the general Import ls given below : "It was," said Mr, Seward. "In the darkest days of the rebellion. Disaster upon disaster had befallen ihe Union armies. Treason was active and bold-fronted at Washington, In the North, and lo the West. Bebel emissa? ries and their allies were plotting against us over the Canadian border. Our loreign rela? tions were most critical. Rebel cruisers were being flited eui In British ports and sent to prey upon our commerce; Germany was coldly neutral; the sm tiler European Stales were indifferent Bpecuiors of the conflict. B'lssU was the only friend we had among the powers of the earth. "In this desperate emergency I received an autograph letter from the Emperor of the French. Il was marked 'private and confi? dential.' It began wiih expressions ot perso? nal regard for myself, and pain at ihe specta? cle of the great republic la the throes of dissolution. 'Personally,' said Napoleon, 'I could wish the cause ol Ihe Uolon io succeed. But the wellure of France and the force of popular opinion are paramount to Individual sympathies. Our ?ommerclul Interests are seriously suffering from the prolongation of your war. My subjects appeal lo me to arrest the bloody conflict. I must obey the voice of France at whatever cost. You cannot put down me rebellion; embrace the earliest op? portunity to make terms with the South. If you fall io do ibis, 1 shall feel compelled, In ihe Interests of my country-in the inteiests of civilization -to intervene wlLh all the power at my command.' "I answered Napoleon's insulting letter im? mediately. I said: 'This ls a lamlty quarrel. We propose lo seule lt In our owu way and In our uwu time. We do not wish the assistance of outsiders; we will not brook Interference. The Am-.rican Uulon ls lo be preserved. It shall be preserved if I* takes twenty years to dolt. The war ls hardly commenced yet; the people are Just beginning io warm lo the work. We wish to oe on good terms with our neighbors-we wish especially to be on good terms with France, our ancient friend and ally. But you must heep hands off. If you presume to interfere, we will show you what a free people baining for national exist? ence are capable of. Huberto we have con? ducted the war humanely, In accordance wiih the codes that govern the most Christian Stales. Interference on your part will be the signal fdr a war of conquest and destruction. We will free the negroes; we will put arma in their hands, and send them forth to ravage and plunder. We will make the South a waste [ und a desolat lou. Raise a hand against us, and horrors worse than those of San Domingo will be Been from one end of the South to the other.' "The letter waa aent by the first steamer. The saine day I telegraphed lo Thurlow Weed, Archbishop Hughes and Bishop Simpson, to meet me at ihe Astor Ihe morning lollowlng. That evening I left for New York, and ex? plained to t hese eminent gentlemen the objects of Ibe conference and ihe new danger ihat threatened ihe Union cause. I told them that they must at once go to Europe io labor un? officially with the governments aud ruling classes in England and on the Continent, lo represent the wickedness, danger, and folly of foreign interference. In lesa than a week they were on their Journey, reached Europe at a moat opportune moment-(Mason and Slidell had Just been seized-England was in a white heat of rage)-und did much toward convincing Europe thal the proper and ihe only thing to do was io leave UB alone. And the mission cost the government less than seven thousand dollars." THE WEATHER THIS DAT. - WASHINGTON, January 27. Probabilities: For ihe New England and Middle States, there will be rising barometer, decided fall ot the temperature, frau and brisk nonherly to westerly winda and very generally clear weather. From Kansas, Mis? souri and the Onio Valley to Minnesota, the upper Lakes and Lake Erle, high and rising barometer, falling temperature, fresh and brisk northerly and norihwesterly winds, with generally clear and very cold weather, the winds probably veering to northwesterly over Kaunas and Southern Missouri. From the South Atlauiic coast to Kentucky and West Virginia, rising barometer, lower tem? perature, fresh and possibly brisk northerly and nonneasterly winds, and generally clear weather. For the Western and Gulf States, falling barometer, fresh and possibly brisk northeasterly to southeasterly winds, and cloudy, with very probably threatening weath? er, and these conditions possibly extend east? ward over the Eastern Gull Slates, and possi? bly northward io Tennessee and Southern Missouri. Cautionary signala will continue at New London, Boston and Portland, Me. -The Hie In Lapierre, In Michigan, de? stroyed the telegraph and express office with ibe contents and adjoining buildings. Loss $200,000. THE CARNIVAL OF CRIME. COLD-BLOODED MURDER OFA80VTH CAROLINIAN-TBE DETAILS. Distinguished 9 Journers In Murderers1 Row In the Tombs- Another story for the Sew Po*i office-How to Fill a Theatre-Opening ol Manager Daly's Hew House. IPROH OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.] NEW YORK, January 22. Simultaneously with the announcement that the Court of AppealB has refused to grant a new trial to Fo 'ter, the car-hook assassin, the carnival of murder has recommenced. On Monday a young newspaper compositor named Magruder, (who says he ls kinsman to the late General Magruder,) deliberately shot and mortally wounded a lellow craftsman for "sat? isfaction." The victim ls Mr. Clarence Lock? wood, a native of Spartanburg, in your State, where ne served his apprenticeship In the office ot the Carolina Spartan. Mr. Lockwood was well known among bis fellow craftsmen in your city, having worked in THE NEWS office at one lime. He was a young man about twenty-eight or ihirty years, of rather prepossessing appearance, and withal well informed, having received his education at the King's Mountain Military Behool in York vnlo. lt seems that Magruder and Lock? wood lived at the same boarding-house io Madison street. Kept by a Mrs. Hammond. Lockwood was la the habit ot playfully "car? rying on" with a very pretty youDg girl named Annie Brown, a boarder In ibe house. Some weeks ago, Miss Brown tor some real or Imaginary reason, quarrelled with Lockwood, and after Informing him she did not desire nls acquaintance, refused to speak to him. On Lockwood thus receiving bis cong?, Magruder studiously improved his opportunity, and monopolized Miss Brown's evening's at home. On saturday night last, there was n party at Mrs. Hammond's, and under the Influence ot dance and song, Miss Brown's quarrel with Lockwood was removed, and tney became friends as they were before. On Sunday eve? ning Miss Brown was sitting on a lounge In the front parlor with Magruder, another boarder named Washington Smilh being seal? ed at ihe plano. LocKwood.entered the room, having a pillow in his band, and as he passed the sola . In order to reach the win? dow, he Jokingly touched Miss Brown's cheek with his pillow, saying, "We were not friends a little walle acto, rmi I am glad we are now." Magruder Jumped up and said, "If you have anything io say to Miss Brown, or any one else, say ll when I am not present. I don't want to be annoyed by your remarks." Hot words followed, and Lockwood finally slap? ped Magruder In the face. Boih men clinched and began a struggle, when Smith lumped up and separated them, Baying, "Gentlemen, this ls Sunday; please don't raise a row here." Magruder said, "You are right," and then turned to Lockwood and said, "I'll not right you OD the Sabbath, but to-morrow PU snoot you like a dog. Prepare yourself, for I'll shoot you like a dog." He then left the room Little was thought of his remark at the time, lt being thought to bo a simple ebullition ot transient passion. OD Monday evening Lockwood bad been drinking some, and said he would not come down from his room-the back parlor-to supper. At seven o'clock Mrs. Hammond and the re? mainder ol the boarders went to the dialog room lo the basement to supper. Tney had scarcely seated themselves at the table when Magruder came In, partially intoxi? cated. He stood at the door, and glanced rapidly round the table until his eyes rested on Lockwood's vacant chair. He bent down over Mrs. Hammond, and said : "I miss some familiar faces at the table, Mrs. Hammond.'' He then turned to Miss Brown, and said : "Where is Lockwood?" Mles Brown answered: "I guess be Is gone out of town." Magruder turned and ran rapidly up stairs to Lock? wood's room, the back parlor. Jacob Madi? son, another boarder, who bad beard of the occurrence of the previous eventog, and who feared trouble, ran after Magruder. Madison entered Lockwood's room in time to see the murder committed. Lockwood was seated In an easy chair near the dre. Magruder ad? vanced to the centre of the room, und, draw? ing a pistol, pointed lt at Lockwood. Look wood rose from his chair, and as be did PO Magruder fired. The first shot missed its mark, and Lockwood advanced a step toward Magruder, who, deliberately taking aim, tired again. The ball entered Lockwood's abdo? men, and, staggering-forward, ihe wounded man tell to the floor. Magruder did not move, but looked down on Lockwood with an expression of satisfaction on his face. The noise of the shots alarmed the board? ers In the dining-room, and, nianing up the dight of stairs, tney crowded Imo the room. Magruder turned on them, and brandishing his revolver, said, "I'll shoot any one of you who dares io Interfere with me." All were airald, and Magruder, calmly walking through the crowd, passer*, down stairs Into the dio lng-room. and cool y sat down Ut his supper, informing ihe waitress, with a smile, ihat he supposed his coffee was nearly cold. In the meantime ihe coard r, Madison, had rushed lalo Hie street, and called officer Rogers, who eut-red the dining-room. The officer, after Magruder had handed him the revolver used, with a due consideration tor the prisoner's feelings, and recognizing the extraordinary self possession of ihe criminal, allowed Ma? gruder lo leisurely eat his supper, while Lock? wood was lying lu agony on ihe floor above. At length a stretcher was procured, and Lock? wood taken to the Madison street station. Magruder was brought In and confronted with Lockwood, who said, "?b, Mac, why did you do this ?" "Magruder, looking down al Lock? wood, said, "Didn't I tell you last night that I would snoot you like a dog ?" Wh?*n asked if he would make any statement, Magruder said, "I will talk lo the Judge to-morrow." He was tuen removed lo a cell. The lost murder, yesterday, was equally de? liberale. A blll-posier named Nixon killed an express wagon driver because their vehicles became entangled in the crowd in Chatham square. Two more causeless murders could hardly be Imagined. The community ls In its old panicky state again, clamoring loudly for the blood of the condemned men in the Tombs. It will go bard with the gentry who take the law Into (heir bands, until alter two or three cf them are hanged and confidence Is restored. Blokes begins to feel alarmed for the ti-st lime lu bis life. It ls said that a howl of rage arises from the score of murder? ers in the Tombs every time a fresh mur? der ls announced. Each criminal feels that eve.-y additional deed of violence is lessening his own prospects of ultimate escape. The more conspicuous residents of the celebrated "murderers' row" ID the Tombs at present are Stokes, the slayer of Colonel Fisk; Foster, the car hook murderer; Scanne!, the politician who shot Donohue; Bleakley, who killed his nelce, Maud Merrill, because she would not abandon a Hie of shame; King, who eliot O'Neill, In Pine street;(8harkey, who murder? ed his friend DUDO, from mere drunken wan? tonness, and tlmmons, the gambler, who butchered his business rival on ibe sidewalk, ID Crdar street. There are other murderers, chiefly laboring men, In the Tombs, butlhey Lelong lo ibe small-try. and being unable to adorn their ceils with pictures, lounges and soft carpets, are unworiny ot being writ? ten up by ihe reporters. Il will be observed that u large proportion of the distinguished murderers were actuated In their crime by the motive of revenge. Stokes, Scannet, King and Simmons evidently contemplated killing their victlmB for eome time previous. Scannet was on the track of Donohue for two years. King arranged his tragedy with great deliberation beforehand on me model of the Siokes-Fiek affair. Foster and Shar? key were drunk when they committed mur? der, but they belong to the order of ruffians which ought to be taught that Hie must he held sacred. The only one of the above batch for whom any sympathy ls excusable ls Bleakley. There are some slight extenua? ting clrcumatonces in his case. The architects have discovered, now that the third story of the new poslofflce building ls finished, that II will be spoiled In appearance lt the Mansard roof Is put OD ac? cording to the design. Comptroller Hurlburt. after looking at Hie building and comparing Its height with those in the viclulty, bas gone back to Washington to urge Congreis to make an appropriation for an additional story. Without that addition lt will be dwarted by the Herald office and the Park Bank. The DOW story will cost only an extra million of dollars. It Is not creditable to Hr. Super? vising Architect Mullett;H reputation (bat he did not think of this before the first stone was laid. The building even lo Its unfinished state is one ol ihe grandest and most im? posing in ihe world. If Hurl burt can Induce Congress io grant the money so that the proper artistic proportions may be observed, the new postofflce when completed will be the pride ol New York. An odd Instance of shrewdness In a German theatre manag-r bas occurred on the Bowery. At ihe Siadi Theatre the actors for some eve? nings past have been playing in a highly seasoned melo-drama which purports to snow up the machinations ot the Jesuits. The in? cidents are supposed to take place In New York, and among other preposterous scenes is one showing an underground vault, lo which the members of the order are printing counterfeit greenbacks. Though Yon Bis? marck has been making a great stir among the disciples of Loyola In Europe, it seems that, the Bowery Germans were not much In? terested In their tale, and consequently the seats at ibe theatre were not rilled. The manager succeeded In gening the pol ee to order the theatre io be closed on last Sunday night, and Iben raised aa outcry ibat he was the victim of religious persecution, and that the Jesuits were making almost superhuman efforts to suppress the play. The ruse suc? ceeded, and ne ls now performing to over? flowing houses. It ls needless to say that the Jesuit priests in tbs elly deny that ?hey have made any complaints to the city authorities, or that they care a farthing what sort of melo? drama ls served up to tne intelligent audiences of the Slade Theatre. The opening of Mr. Daly's new "Fifth Ave? nue Theatre," In Dr. Osgood's old church, op? posite the New York Hotel on Broadway, last night, was an ovation. The Interior ls as bright and beautiful as art can make lt. Every Inch ot sining and standing room was occu? pied, and all ihe town wits and celebrities o? both sexes were present, The old company appeared in evehlne dress when the curtain rose, and each member repeated some Hues of a clever, original prologue. They were followed by Daly hims if, wno made a neat speech. The new play of "Allxe," translated irom ihe French, was then performed for the first time In Amerloa. The critics speak rap? turously of the aotlog of Miss Morris in tne principal part. She ls an emotional actress ot the highest order of talent, and "Allxe" lu the best thing she has done. NYM. OUR SOUTH ATLANTIC NEIGHBORS. Georgia. -The Catholic Fair in Atlanta brought in $6,295. -Meningitis ls fatally prevalent lu Terrell Cou n y. -The new mayor and board of aldermen of Savaunah were sworn Into office yesterday. -Mr. Wm. Fowler, one of the first sealers of Macon, ls dead. -Mr. H. B. Eastman was garroted in Sa? vannah last, Saturday night. -Mr. Richards, ot West Point, accidentally killed a mau named Uammlll. -Ten irame lenemente were burned in 8a vannan on Sunday night. -Tne Burns Charitable Association of Sa? vannah celebrated ihe Poet's birthday lost Saturday nlgbi In appropriate style. -Mr. P. Gtebelbouse and his wife were thrown from a buggy In Savanah Sunday af? ternoon. -The Allanta Herald wants that city paved with the Belgian instead of the Nicholson pavement. -An affray of a serious nature took place last Friday in Savannah between two colored men named Thoe. Rankin and Wm. Cuy 1er. -The firemen ot Augusta are arranging for their annual parade, and propose io give a sum of money to a poor woman whose house was burned. -A premium of one thousand dollars will be offered at the next State fair at Macon tor the finest display of agricultural productions by an; county. -The residence of Mr. S. B. Modong, near Esone Hill, Polk county, wiih nearly all its conten ts, waa barned cu the morning of the 20th instant. -The Legislature has authorized the Council of the city of Atlanta to increase her Georgia Western railroad subscription to $1,000,000 if the people say so. -NM Savaunan achutzen Yerein have be? gun preparations for their vernal lest, which is promised to exceed, tn some respects, lhat ol last year. Tne Verein is discussing the feasibility of changing Us grounds lo another part of ihe eily suburbs. -Captain Christlau Bulmke, master of tbe brig '.Voltigeur," while walking along ihe bluff In Savannah recently, fell over and was Instantly killed. He leaves a wile and two children, who are in Germany, of which country he ls a native. -Peter Lewis, who lost bis wife and two children at the recent collision in Bear Greek, on the Macon and Western railroad, bas oim promised witb the Central railroad for three hundro 1 dollars, which is very cheap pries for a fa nu iv. -Mr. John Gammell, living in Harris coun? ty, was shot and killed in West Point on last I Saturday evening, about dark. An inquest was beld over bis body, and the verdict was, "John Gammell came to bis death by a pistol shot from tbe bands of Robert W. Richards." Norm Carolina. -Ex-Sheriff Scbenck is a candidate for tbe nomination for tbe mayoralty of Wilmington. -Ihe Jeffersonville Messenger says that droves of horees and mules ocntinue to pass that direction going Son tb. -Tbe Independent Hook and Ladder Com? pany of Coarlotie has jost received a half dozen new Gardner's Fire Extinguishers. -Wilmington is going to try to subscribe $100,000 to the much talked of Norfolk, Wil? mington and Charleston Railroad. -The house of J. A. Piokerell, near Little? ton, Warren County, was barned on Sunday evening last. Loss eight thonsand dollars No insurance. -An effort is to be made to induce Congress to make an appropriation for the establishment of Life-Saving stations along the coast of Hatteras. Florida. -Ex-Alderman Perez Frldenberg, a native of Prussia, dieu suddenly In Jacksonville re? cently. He leaves a wire and seven children. -Marshall Morris, convicted ot the murder of John Jones, has been sentenced to death, says the Marianna Courier. -The Jaosnonviile Union says: "On Tues? day afternoon, United States Marshal S. Conant levied upon the Jacksonville, Pensa? cola and Mobile Rallrcad, Us properly and ap? purtenances, and now holds the same in bis possession under an order Issuing Irom Hon. W. B. Woods, Judge of the United States Cir? cuit Court for the Fifth Circuit. DIFFERENT KINDS OF EYES. No branch of science has been more thorough? ly mastered than optics. The principle of vision must be essentially the same in all eyes, but tbey differ remarkably, according to the babita or the animal. Birds of lofty flight, as the condor, eagles, vultures and carrion-seek? ing prowlera of the feathered race, have tele? scopic vision, and thus they are enabled to lookdown and discover their unsuspecting victims. As tbey approaob noiselessly Irom above, the axis of vision changes-shortening, so that they see just as distinctly within one foot of the grouud as when at an elevation of one mile in the air. Tbis fact explains the balancing of a fish hawk on ita pinions half a mite above a still pond, watching for fish. When one is selected down tbe savage banter plunges, the focal axis varying as the square of the distance, giving tho bawk a diatiucr, view of its intended prey alwavs. Aa they ascend, then tbe axis is elon? gated by a curious muscular arrangement so as to see afar again. Snails have their keen eyes at the extremity of flexible horns, which tbey can protrude or draw in at pleasure. By winding ihe instru? ment round tho edge of a leaf or a small stalk, tbev can see how matters stand on the op pos'ito side. The hammer-headed shark has its wicked looking eyes nearly two feet apart. By will and effort they can Lend the thin edg? ings of the head on whioh the organs are loca? ted so aa to examine the two aides of an object the size of a ral! crown cod?sb. Flies have immovable eyes. Tbey stand out from the head like half an apple, ?ce ? dingi . prominent. Instead of being smooth hemi? spheres, tbey have an immense number of fdcets, resembling old-fasbio ed glass watch seals, each one directing tbe light directly to the optic retina. That explains why they can not be approached in any direction without seeing what is coming. THE WORK OF THE TORCH ! HALF THE TOWN OF KINO STREE DE? STROYED BT INCENDIARE FI BES. The Name? of the Sufferers-Who were Insured-LOM from Forty to Fifty Thoa ia nd Dollars-1 he Fire Still Burning. KlNGSTRE E, WnxrAMBURQ CODTfTY, 8. G., ) MONDAY, January 27. j A terrible fire occurred In Klcgstree this morning, by wolca more than bair o? the business portion or the town has been laid In ashes. It commenced at about 4 o'clock this morning, and ls still burning. M.'s. Ana Jones, Mr. M. schwartz, Charles Hoffman, Dr. J. 8. BrockIngton, W. J. Lee, J. E. Wilson, Louis Cohen ? Co., George Cole? man aud Ward & Maurice are all turned ont. Mr. Schwartz, Cohen A Co. and Ward A Miurlce were partially insured. The others were not Insured at all. The loss may be estimated at from forty to fifty thousand dollar*. It ls supposed to be the work of an Incen? diary, i,-,,, a THINGS IN FAIRFIELD. Taxes-The Ku-Klux Levy-The Colored Exodus-Lanai Topies. I [FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.] Wi s N SB ono', January 21. Since my last bat little o? Interest has trans? pired In this section of the State, and tax? paying has been the most fruitful source ot conversation. Farmers, ol all classes ol men, seem to be the most Improvident, never having the funds on band to meet any emer? gency, and, in cases of thia kind, borrowing ls tbelr only resource. It is, indeed, fortunate for us that the time at which the penalty should attach l.'.s been postponed, for, until the 16th Instant, hundreds were dally striving la vain to reach the desk of the auditor and treasurer. The unjust imposition upon this county, amongst others, of the tax for the support of the widows and orphans o? the Ku Klux victims, has excited great indignation. There was not a single instance o? a death known lo have been caused by that mysterious body of avengers of these Insults and Injuries heaped upon our down-trodden Stale. Speaking o? the Ku-Klux, however, there seems to be a much greater dread in the minds of the negroes ol the Just and equitable rule o? the white man than ol even the sum? mons or that much talked of order, aa ls evinced by the ejplgraiion o? hundreds from the counties in wflcn the Dem?crata bave re? cently gained the ascendancy. Upon every train of the Sparenburg and Union Railroad, going South, even the coaches reserved lor ihe use of the whites are crammed with them, like Rachel of old, bearing tbelr household gods concealed; or, in plainer words, tbelr poultry and pigs in bags, some to be conveyed in that situation as far as Louisiana and Texas. That terri ole disease, meningitis, hts not confined itself to the localities in wbioh lt first made Its appearance, but ls spreading throughout the country, defying both the science and the experience o? medical men. The agricultural Interests o? our community are progressing under very favorable aus? pices. Labor ls abundant, and appears to be under belier discipline than ever before, and it nothtug providential Interferes, a Icrge area of our chief staple, cotton, will Se planted. FAIRPXLD. SPIRITS ON THE BAIL. The Tr add Street Ghost Turns Up Again. The Savannah News has procured a thril? ling statement of spiritual manifestations on the rall from Mr. E. 3. Remington, one or the messengers or the Southern Express Com pauy. The Newe adds that the oar in question has been In nae for two years, and bas brought up a large number ot corpses o? Invalids who died In Florida. Mr. Remington says: I left Savannah as usual, at 4.30 P. M.; and nothing extraordinary occurred until alter passing Live Oak, Fla. At this place I met ihe mes>ei ger bound for Quincy, and checked off freight and money. I then locked my sale and pul ihe key lu my pocket. Ai Wei born I felt tor my key, as lt was necessary tor rae to open the Bale, and could not find it, I searched everywhere and emptied my pockets of every? thing and put them In the desk, but the key could not be fou nd. I then took oft coat and vest and Bbook them, but with no better suc? cess. I gave up the search, concluding that the key was lost, and that I would have to force ihe safe open. Six miles below Lake City, while sliting at my stove, the train run? ning at Us regular speed, I saw the key fall in iront of me, striking near my feet. There was no possibility of any one throning the key imo the car, as the train was in rapid motion. The next night, on the return trip from Jacksonville, oe tween Stalio n 10 and 10$, on the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, I was lying down on my packing chest and safe, when directly at my bead lhere were three loud, dletlnoc raps. The train was running at the rate of twenty miles an hour, and there was no possi? bility o? any one being secreted In the car. From lime to time tor some weeks past the whole freight has been apparently, to Judge from the sound, thrown about the car, but on examination everything was fonnd lu sum quo. Whistling bas been heard when the noise of the train would have drowned the human voice. I give the statement of these incidents as they occurred, and am willing to make affidavit to Its truthiulaess. COLONEL B. H. RUTLEDGE'S LECTURE IN CHEBA Wm [From the Cberaw Democrat. On Friday, the 171 b instant, the Choraw Lyceum celebrated its seventeenth anniversary in a most spirited and interesting manner. Colonel H. H. Rutledge, of Charleston, deliver ed the anniversary oration, thin which a more finished and masterly effort it has rarely been oar fortune to listen to. His theme-a com? parison of the civilization of the early portion of tho nineteenth Century with that of tho latter-vast and ponderous in ita nature-waa bandied as none but a master thinker and writer could deal with it. It ia seldom that we are allowed the pleasure of listenlag to a pro? duction so full of matter, yet so forcibly and clearly presented, ard so handsomely and pleas? ingly delivered. We have always regarded Colonel Rutledge as a man of mind and attain? ments, but - our highest expectations were mord than realized. Chaste in language, classical in composition, fall of the richest irony, happy in point of arrangement, and abounding in most interesting illustrations the address waa one of which Colonel Rutledge or any other man may Jostly bo proud, and it will be long remembered by the people of Cheraw. who are truly gratified for the privilege of hearing it. While we do not wish to disturb the peace and quiet of any one, we woula in kindness, say to Coloael Rutledge that be has thoughtlessly and innocently got himself into trouble. The active and efficient executive committee of our Lyceum are al way s on the lookout for good wn teri and speakers, in making np the yearly course of lectures, and be may as well be hunting up a subject, for they will be very apt to be af\er him again. After the exercises at the ha'l were concluded, tho members of the Lyceum, with invited guests, repaired to Mrs. brake's, where they sat down to a table groan? ing with the choicest viands and richest deli? cacies of the season, and which seemed to say to dyspeptics and (bose afflicted with anorexia, depart frcm here, you are out of your latitude. Mino hostess even outdid herself. After tho removal of the cloth there was a lively inter? change of toasts and sentiments, to which, in response, there was a number of eloquent and humorous speeches made, whioh we "gwt tne want of time and press of matter will not auow ns to publish in fall. -Burning of cotton gins in Gjjpwj* ported as follows: Gm bouse ol Mr. Bates, near Milloo station Gordon coraty; tag $1.200. Gin house f f J. ?. f? ,MawmD8,^n<S5 fe?rin0 Plane Murray county; loas, over$2,000. Gm'Soi!'of Joseph Grant, near White Plains.