Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOLUME IX.-NUMBER 1360. CHARLESTON, MONDAY MORNING, MAY 2, 1870. SIX DOLLARS A YEAR. THE WAR IIS? EUROPE. Point? of Pru ?si on Occupation. PARIS, July 18-3 P. M; At noon to-day a Prussian force occupied toe following points: Saarbr?cken Rhenish Prus? sia, and Newbury, In Rhenish Bavaria. Both of these towns are directly on the frontier. They also had a force concentrated at Linden, In Hesse Darmstadt. It is now generally believed that Russia sus? tains Prussia. ". The 'Cloche,' Red Republican organ, holds the Empire answerable for war without a pre? text Distrust or Belgium. PARIS, July 18. The Figaro to-day, in order to show why France distrusts Belgium,, mentions the fact of General B Holman t's appointment to com? mand one corps and o? Cbazel to another. The former served in the' French army many years ago, and held other offices of trust un? der the French Government, but resigned on account of difficulties with his superiors, and left the country. General Chazel has recently been conspicuous in urging conformity of call-! tjre of Belgian cannon with that o? Prussian. Both the Generals command on the French frontier. \ Trie North German Steamers. r LONDON, July 18. ; The steamship Leipzig, of the North German! Lloyds, will not sail, for Baltimore, as adver? tised. She will be detained at Southampton! until further orders from Germany. All Prus-j . si an merchant vessels nowin British ports will, remain. The crews have-been discharged and ?re now returning home. There ? are ln Brit^ iah ports many German colliers..' These, too,i have been ordered to remain, lest their cargoes; fall into the hands of the French. ! Cable Pr?caution*. LONDON, Joly 18. . The French Government is now enforcing the prohibition agjrtnst code and cipher words' In ?telegrams: The Atlantic companies, look? ing t-./"ie. Interests of all classes of their cus? tomers;-^ the United States, have arranged to send their foreign business via lines outsie&W France, which tiley ir? quite capable of doing, .having direct cable on one hand to Holland and Prussia, and on the other hand the Fal? mouth, Lisbon, Gibraltar and Malta cable, by Which they aro able: to reach direct, linea to Italy and tho Interior States, as well as t * ose .'reaohingibxttex.east; X ;. 'X?. .xis -- The French Ministry ?tave submitted to the' Corps L?gislatif.a; project ol law prohibiting the publication in toe public Journals of infor ' matlon regarding ?? movement of troops and; military operaLlons. The violations of this law are to be p u n ish able by fla es of 6000 to 10, 000 francs, and a second offence will render I the Journal liable to suspension. Kngllih Vlewi. LONDOS, July 18. TheOf orning Post baa. a double leaded arti? cle to-day, containing the' following sentence: ? 'Any violation of Belgian territory ends Eng? land^ neutrality.'' - - HoUand and RiLtsUn Neutrality ; ; . Pjinis,'Joly 18.. ' The Gaulois says the English Government Instructed Lord Lyona to communicate with the Dnko.de Grammont on thc suhject of the neutrality of Holland, which England wish? es stipulated. There ls no doubt that, France will willingly guarantee, this. . The Gaulois adds that Sweden, according to dispatches.re? ceived here yesterday^ rs ready^ro Join. Den mart and France, If a fleet operates 4n tie. North and Bait lc Seas. It ia .reasonably cer? tain that-R?sela.will be strictly neutral. " - Benedettl'a Insolence. .'.''.. ?"4 i " BERLIN, Jnly l8.: The Official Press asserts that Benedettl, the late French Ambassador at Berlin, courted Insult by repeatedly waylaying and addressing King Wllham after he had received Prussia's ultimare answer, and. renewing Insolent de? mands, it Is said Benedetti was not recalled, bot had ieave- of absence granted him on m at- ' tors altogether foreign to the questions at Issue. :': .. -j. 'filA ? >VH?1 ft?S?? More Council!. -PASIR; July 18-Evening. A council of ministers and a council of war were held at the Tuileries to-day, at which'the Emperor presided. Rumors and Movement?. . LONDON, July 18. General Moltke stated in the Prussian Cabi? net that Prussia was never better prepared for wax than at the prese nt time. Private advices represent that the French army has a start of five days on that of Prus? sia. There ls a rumor tn circulation that French troops have commenced bombarding the town of Saarlouis. Crown Prince Frede-7 rles: William, has departed from Munich. Tr. tf chief command of the South' 'German armies bas been ooef?fred upou him. His ooasln, Prince Frederick Charles, is to command the troops of the North. The Prussian troops are pressing westward'. Some have ' received counter orders, perhaps on account of appre? hension respecting Austria. Prussian Lighthouses, Sic. .-:LONDON,July 18. " The Prussian. Government announces the removal of all lights, buoys and other guides of navigation from the-Germ an coast. The Globe has an article to-day foreshadow? ing" the Occupation' of-Belgium by English troops.: tia - . - A British frigate has been dispatched to Co? penhagen te bring back (he. Princess Afexan dr^now on a vist to-the royal family. . ,v Americana for France. PARIS, July 18. . The American organ here says a legion of American volunteers is organizing io aid France. The statement ' IPanfounded. Serrano. MADRID, July 18. Ittls.no* true that, any .intention exists of conferring royal attributes on Regent Serrano for a limited period The'Spanish' Border. PARIS, July 18. The-prefect of the department of the Span? ish border has received orders to watch the frontiers and allow no CarUsts to pass. The best feeilng-exists between the French and Spanish authorities along the line. The officers at Perpignan have discovered a secret deposit of seven hundred guns, intended for - the use o? Carlista. The arms were seized, and several suspicious persons, supposed to be Carlista, were^arxested.. .. . . ... Explanation of the Situation. ' ' " ? . ' PARIS, July 18. According to a statement- in La Liberte this morning, neither France nor Prussia bas yet Issued formal proclamations or comu;.'?ted any technical act Of war: Each power hesitates to appear to be the aggressor. L? Liberte shows .th?fr-hoth Count Benedetti and Baron Von Werther withdrew from their respective posts of their own accord, aa d^ontradicui the. report- ? th it passports had been sent to the Count,de. Solms, Charge d'Affaire of the Prussian Lega. Hon, who, up to last night, remained at the Embassy in Paris. La Libert? looks upon the fact as one of much significance, and explains it as follows : Count de Solm dec ares that bis government does not desire to begin the war; lt does not. wish to assume the responsibility, and still re? lies upon the wisdom and conciliatory spirit of the Emperor. In accordance with this view the Prussian charg? admits that he has been! instructed not to ask for his passports, but if the Court of the Tuileries choose to take the initiative and sends him his passports, he will consider the act an expulsion, and. will with? draw with the entire legation. This situation, however, cannot last long. The Chambers expects to receive to-morrow a proclamation .by the Emperor declaring war, which of course will put an end to aU diplomatic delays. ' Financial Legislation. PARIS, July 18. The minister of fl nance has asked of the Corps L?gislatif a supplemental credit on 1870 of 440,000,000 (ranos for the war budget, 60,000, OOOfortbe navy and 5,000,000 for ministry of finances, and 4,000,000 for the ministry ot the interior. It ls stated that as soon as the Corps L?gislatif has disposed of the above business, together with the budget of. Paris, it will ad? journ for the municipal elections, after which the session will be resumed and additional legislation, necessary to Bustaln - the govern? ment in an emergency, will be attended-to. Public subscriptions for the army continue to' be taken np throughout the country, and large sums have already been received. The jour? nalists of Paris and the provinces have ap? pointed bcomraltteeto receive subscriptions, with Emile de Glrardln as president. The prefect of the Seine bas placed offices In the public buildings ' at the service of tho com? mittee for the collection ol the subscriptions. .France to Oren j y Hanover-Captare of Spies. WASHINGTON, July 20. The following is a summary of foreign dis? patches: A It ls rumored that Prince Napoleon will take, a land force to the Baltic, to co-operate with Admiral Wella m ey in the occupation of Han? over. I A number ot spies bave been captured on, both sides ol the Rhine. Admiral Milne commands the Channel fleet. Prince De la Tour D'Auvergne ls the French Minister to Austria, Enthusiasm In German j-Money Voted Freely for the War. . The Grand Duke of Mecklenburg was elect? ed president of the North German Pari lament, which cheered vehemently when Bismarck: announced tbe declaration ol war by France. The King opened the session with a speech amid the wildest enthusiasm. The North Germa? States are perfectly har? monious. Tbe Parliament voted one hundred and twenty million of th alera for the war. Tightness In the French Money Market. 1 The Bank of France has raised the rate of Interest to 3$. The Porte Making Heady-Cutt lng the ? Wire?. Turkey has called out her reserves. . Telegraphic communier Mon between Ger? many, and France has boen destroyed by the authorities. A Popular Demo astro t lon In Dublin The Popnlace. Recapture their Flags. LONDON, Joly 20. ? There has been a great popular demonstra? tion in Dublin. in favor of Franco. More than 100,000 persons were in the procession,.which had twenty bands of music. The French and j Irish'flags were entwined. The poMce captur ! ed three French flags, when the procession j rallied and recaptured them.1 The French Cross ? the Frontier-Tko War Begun. COLOGNE, July 20. j The French have pasased the frontier near ! : Saarbruck, and seized the customhouse. - . i The German Ultimatum-Commercial - Prostration In Liverpool - and Man ! chester. LONDON, July 20. Germany makes the dethronement of Bona? parte its ultimatum. . The Liverpool markets yesterday were ut? terly prostrated. Nothing has been ever known like the commercial depression. Many men worth one hundred thousand pounds sterling a day or two ago arc bankrupt to-day. ?Business in yarns and fabrics at Manchester is also completely paralyzed. Prussia Stripping for War-Merchant? men on the High Seas. BERLIN, July 20. All Germans in service of the French have been ordered to return forthwith. 1 The Prussian Government has announced that merchantmen of the enemy will not be Interfered''with on the high seas, unless for causes which would expose neutrals to seiz? ure. j General Weldel, Adjutant-General ol Hano? ver," has been arrested at Weimar as a spy. ! ! A Mild View ofa National Question. ' FRANKFORT, July 20. 1 The Gazette, in an editorial, asks how the cause of war concerna the people of France or Germany, and intimates that the question is one between the monarchs of the respective governments, and one that the people do not feel at ali Interested In. Significant Scraps from Paris. PARIS, July 20. The Journal Officiel contains a decree nomi? nating General Edmund Le Bouf, lately Minis? ter of War, Major-General. The Vlscont De Irau as Minister of War ad interim. Itisunderstoodjthat all the French consuls in the German 'Confederation have received their passports. j Newspaper correspondents, French or for? eign, will be allowed to accompany the army. THE CAUSE OE THE WAR. Bencdrtti and King William. The direct cause ot the final rupture be? tween France and Prussia seems to have been, as the direct causes of such ruptures are too often apt to be, a personal collision of an un? pleasant character between two eminent per? sonages. These were the King. William, o? Prussia, and Count Benedetta, the French Am? bassador at the Prussian Court. King William was at Ems, near Wiesbaden, a place where neither his Majesty nor the Prussians are particularly admired,- bot the waters o? which are found to be beneficial to the venerable and rather morbidly bilious con? stitution of the monarch. Where the King is there is the court, and the French ambassador consequently was at Ems, also conducting the negotiations set on foot by the sudden explo? sion of the Prim-Bismarck contrivance for get? ting a Prussian prince upon thc throne of Spain. These negotiations were rather deli? cate, since, .they were, intended by France to br?n? th? ?r?ssiap sqvvrerzc :o a San disavowal of any hostile intentions in permitting the Prince, bis kinsman, to accept the Spanish crown. The personal temper of thc King was therefore an element of particular importance in the conduct of the aflalr; for King William well knew both that the intention of Bismarck In organizing with Prim thc candidacy of Prince Leonid really had been hostile to France, and that he himself had lor years desired nothing so much os an opportunity of reliev? ing his soul ot a profound hereditary hatred of Frenchmen In general and of the Bonapartes in particular. Yet, at the same lime, he was well aware that he could not possibly afford, in his capacity ns an European sovereign, to confess that he has connived at the aggran? dizement of a member of his own family with the express object of insulting and circum? venting a friendly power. Had "Count Bis? marck been intrusted by the King wlth.ttc management of the aflalr, even out of this disagreeable complication peace with honor might have been perhaps evolved. For Count Bismarck, with all Ms contempt for abstract right and his love for brusque and peremptory solution of diplomatic lmoroglios, understands and appreciates the Importance of the public opinion of Europe and of politic forms very much better than King William, who, indeed,-neither understands nor appreciates them at all. But Count Bismarck has been growing out of favor with his master for some time, exactly in proportion ?ft the King bas become reconciled with Count Bis? marck's bitter personal enemy, the Crown Prince. So King William insisted upon man? aging his intercourse with Count Benedetti himself. A sketch of the two men will satisfy ths reader how Inevitable was the result of this royal wilfulness. King William of Prus? sia ls one of the oldest of reigning sovereigns. He was born in the midst of the first French Revolution. As a. child, he witnessed the bu-, mlllatlon of Prussia, of tis father, and of bia family by the First Napoleon, and, as a youth, he took part in the avenging campaigns of 1813 and 1815. These events gave a decisive color to his opinions and his character for life. A younger son, he gave himself up to a military career, felt and professed openly the utmost contempt for democracy and constitutional-' Ism, and made himself so obnoxious to all ' the Liberals of Prussia that, in 1848, he was. forced to fly the Kingdom, after doing his utmost to induce the government to allow him to drown the revolution in the blood of the Berlinese. Camp hausen contrived to get bim back after an exile of nine months in England; and In 1849 he signalized himself by bis victorious and merciless campaign against the people of Ba? den. In 1854 he was made Governor-General of Rhenish Prussia, and during bis residence at Mayence he contributed greatly to intensify Ute hatred with which Prussia h's long been regarded in that city, doomed by the military strength oflts position to Bee all its splendid commercial advantages reduced to naught. He bitterly opposed the neutrality ol Prussia; in the Crimean war, longing then to lead an. army against France. Be became Regent in 1857 by the declared lunacy, and King in 18G1 by the death, of his childless brother, Frederic William IV. With his reign began the new .military career and policy of Prussia. In Oc? tober, 1861, he bad himself crowned with great pomp, and declared that he held bia throne not "-from tho people or the constitution, but "from God alone." This brought on an open conflict between the Crown and the Parliament, during which the King never for a moment bated his haughty absolutism. When the Liberal party carried the elections, in 1862, the King refused to open the session of Parliament, and when the Parliament rejected the enormous appro? priation asked-for the army, the King sent fon i-Uismarclc, then Ambassador at Paris, to "help him conquer these obstinate contemners ol di? vine right. The House of Peers backed the King. The Commons persisted. Ihe Peers voted tbe money refused by the Commons. The Commons declared this vote illegal. The King thereupon closed the session, and coolly proclaimed that the appropriations had been made. This was the first Instance of a suc? cessful royal revolution against the rights ot tbe people in the history ot Europe since tbe ; days of 1789. lt was followed by persecutions of the press,'- by an alienee with Russia to suppress the Polish Insurrection, by an ordi? nance suppressing the liberty of the press; and when the Liberal party succeeded, in 1863, in carrying the elections again, 'by a great majority, the King at once flanked them by opening the war with Austria against Denmark fer the .conquest of Schleswig-Holstein. Foreign war thus became, as it had so often before become, the j grave of domestic liberty. The war of 1866 against Austria completed what the war of 1863 against Denmark had begun; and King William of Prussia ls to-day as completely the representative of armed and Irresponsible kingly power in Europe as was the Czar Nicholas in 1854. He looks the character as thoroughly as he believes in lt. Stalwart, deep chested, with a square, rugged face, a brist? ling gray mustache, cold implacable eyes, .which rather twinkle than glitter, and a heavy Jaw, King WHliam ls the beau-Ideal ol a vete? ran cuirassier, as ready to ride down shop? keepers and lawyers in Berlin as to charge 'the cavalry o? France at Jena. The heredi? t?r}- malady of his family, which carried of his father in a slate of religious mania and his brother as a hypochondriac, betrays itself in King William through an inconceivable worship of his place and prerogative. He be? lieves in the Infallibility of monarchs as de? voutly as Plus IX in the infallibility of popes. So firm is his faith, in the divine nature or his position that be keeps, and has for years kept, a minute dally diary of everything which hap? pens to him, and whenever any new emergen? cy arises he turns to this diary to see what he did or did not do on the corresponding day in all the previous years of his life of now seven? ty-three years. His contempt for all men not soldiers or nobles he finds it so difficult to con? ceal, tbat he did not deign to bestow the ?slightest attention last year upon thc Hum? boldt celebration; and all the efforts of Count Bismarck have been needed to make bim treat Americans at Berlin with even a show of cour? tesy, since a plebeian German, Mr. Krelss man, whom President Lincoln sent out as consul to Berlin, insisted, with success, 'on getting admitted to his court, from which consuls had always been, and indeed still are, excluded as absolutely aa merchants, bankers, lawyers and tradespeople of ail sorts. With this froward and fanatical old prince M. Benedetti was left to debate the peace of Eu? rope. M. Benedetti, the Corsican son of a Greek father, was trained ia early life at Cairo and Constantinople to manage the suscepti? bilities of Turkish Pashas not a whit more ob-, stlnate and opinionated than King William. He had acquired a great experience of Euro? pean affairs as Director-General of the Foreign Office in Paris, and Secretary-General of tho Congress of Paris, as well as in the post (which Jie filled for three years) of French Envoy at Turin, when he was sent as French ambassa? dor to Berlin in 18C4. With Count Bismarck M. Benedetti bad gradually obtained a good deal of influence, and bad the Prus? sian Chancellor been with him at Ems matters might perchance have been smooth? ed over again at this time between the two States, as they were three years ago at the threatening crisis ot the Luxem? bourg question. But King William would himself settle an affair which Concerned his own princely house, he allowed M. Benedet? ti to gain, ? first step by securing the retreat G? Prince Leopold from the candidacy, and, this having been done, he insisted that Prus? sia had no more to do. In vain did M. Bene? detti point out to him that the only reason why Prince Leopold's candidacy was obnox? ious to France consisted In the fact that as a Prussian prince he was held by the French people to symbolize a hostile intent on thc part ot the Prussiau Government; and that lt was therefore Incumbent upon his Majesty to take an official part in withdrawing him. The King flatly repelled the suggestion al first, and when it was pressed upon "him again he flatly repelled the Ambassador. This act, of course, the precise details ol' which are yet' to reach us. closed the discussion, and the closing of the discussion equally, of course, opened the dreadful vials of war. THE SENTIMENT OE EBA NC E. Scene in the French Corps L?gislatif Protests Against the War-Position of the Liberal?. [Special Telegram to the New York Tribune.] LOXDOK, July 17. The first glimpse of the true history ol the declaration of war is obtained to-day from the Paris papers containing the report of-' Friday's debate !n the Corps L?gislatif, of which the r??cct)ats by telegraph were no better than car Icatures. After the Due de G ram mont's decla? ration, a demand was made for the dispatches. Ollivler, after refusing to give them, was com? pelled to admit that France had Anally declared war on account of the Prussian dispatch com? municating to the European Courts the King's refusal to receive the French Ambassador; and that this? dispatch, thus made the basis of war, had not been seen by the French Minister. The government had, in fact, declared war on what purported to be an abstract of that dis? patch, supplied by two French spies, whose names were withheld. When war was announced the Left refused to join In the shouts of the majority. When the majority voted an extra war credit of 500, 000,000 francs, the Left again sat silent. The majority, thereupon, began a vehement alter? cation.. i'''c?Ls. . '.' 1. M. Theirs said: When such a demonstration ls made, I wish to say why I did not rise with . the majority. I believe I love my country. If there was ever a solemn day lt ls this. When war shall be declared nobody will grant to the government more readily than I the means of conquering. My patriotism equals; yours. We are considering a declaration of War made by the ministry o? the tribune. Does: stich a declaration concern the ministry alone and not us? Our duty ls to reflect. The- resolution you hare Just adopted ls the death of thou? sands of men. One instant, I beseech you, of I reflection! Bethink you of May 8, 1886. You refused then to hear me when I sought to show you what was about to happen. Let that recollection persuade you to listen now. The principal demand of govern? ment has been conceded. [Interruption.] My conscience tells me I fulfil a dnty ia re? sisting imprudent passions and representing soberly the country's interests. Is this a time for you to -break the peace on a mere ques? tion of susceptibility ? You are shedding tor? rents of blooo lor question of form. I ask for the dispatches upon which resolution for war has been adopted. If I had the honor to gov? ern my country, I should have wished to gLve It time for reflection. I regard this war as an imprudence', and its occasion aa Ill-chosen. More than anybody else, I desire reparation for 1866. No doubt Prussia has deceived us. [Interruption.] Yen do pot understand that I discharge the most painful duty of my life, jj I pity you..* Insult me if yon will; I will endure everything: bot you do not fulfil your whole "dirty, and tnat ls why I call for the dispatches. M. Ollivler. briefly replying, refused the dis? patches absolutely, la J M. Gambetta renewed the demand, saying: "Y?m_pntthe_re8pon8lbllRjr.of war on a dis? patch; you must show us the dispatch." M. Ollivler. "1 will read two dispatches, but not the signatures, for our agents would be sent away!* J?J Ollivier then read part of one dispatch confirming the refusal of King Wil? liam to receive the French Ambassador, and two dlspatcnes from French agents abroad, giving the substance of Bismarck's circular. The circular itself, M. Ollivler did not pretend to produce. He concluded by saying : r'We go to war with a light heart, and confident in our army." Alter an interval and other questions, M. Ol? livier said: "We will tell ihe whole truth: What we could not endure was the semi? official communication to all Europe of the re? jection of our Ambassador, all the moro signi? ficant because done .in the most courteous terms."- "The right," says La Liberte, a vehe? ment war organ, "received M. O ll I vier's speech with consternation." M. Thiers at? tempted to reply, but was interrupted. M. Duvernois. , War la-due to Cabinet blun? der. M. Thiers. It ls to a blunder that we owe war. M. Ollivler has evaded the question. Prussia ought to have- been attacked when she desired TO unite the German States; then war would have been legitimate, and we should have been sustained. I blamed Sado? wa at the time; to-day the world demands legitimate complaints. Prussia has also com? mitted a great fault in negotiating with Spain; Jet Prussia wished peace, and we have war. f we had still to require the renunciation of | the Hohenzoll?rn candidature, I should be with you, but now that we have obtained that, we demand something else. You had not only obtained your result; you bad form and substance both; yet you say Prussia has not yielded In form, and we have been Insult? ed. Public opinion will turn against ns; the journals of Europe will be against us. Prussia never would have resumed this candidature. It would have been madness. Due de Grammont. Why, then, did she not promise ? M. Arago. Because yon challenged her. M. Thiers. She refused, because you began all. I know well that I shock your feelings, but I know there is the heart of the question: j have heard my opinions echoed on all sides. : Great clamors here arose, and M. Thiers, ia reply to the Interruptions, declared that "be would only yield the tribune to violence.** He then resumed: We no longer live in the peace at-any-price times; to demand war at any' price is the servility of a courtier. But I am of | no party. M. David ace used Thiers of wanting patriot? ism and bringing misfortune upon France. [Cries of "Order ron the Left.] M. Thiers. Misfortune upon France ! It is not I who have caused it. It ls they who would not listen to our warnings; you who voted Mexico and Sadowa. Had yon birt permitted us to discuss now under a liberal regime, would you refuse to hear me ? You shall not hinder me from speaking; my duty is to pour light on a great fault. Nothing could be so significant as such a speech from Thiers, who has constantly shown a Jealous dislike of Prussia, a readiness for war on any reasonable pretext, and a belief | that France ought to do as she likes in Europe. Not ow word of this speech was allowed to reach England by telegraph. There has been a systematic effort to deceive Europe about public opinion In France respecting war, and to deceive Franco about the opinions of Eu? rope. Telegrams to English papers during the past week have misrepresented the tone of the French independent press and sup? pressed the manifestations against war. The French telegrams declared that the French press was alffor war. This ls true only of the government organs. The D?bats, Temps, Rap? pel, Si?cle, Reved and Cloche are all strongly opposed to it. The raoBt eminent Republican leaders were for peace! Louis Blanc, in the Temps and Rappel, protested with matchless vigor and ability against this last Imperial crime. Even Jonrnals like the Figaro, mere organs ot what ls popular to-day, have given but doubtful support to thc govern? ment. An Immense majority of the provin? cial journals resisted war. The demonstra? tions on the Boulevard were police work; the students took little part in what was attributed to them. A letter In the Rappel shows that thc disposition of the Liberal party, asa whole, throughout France is against the war, but they can no longer oppose it. Popular o- not in its origin, the war fever runs high for the moment, and not even the French exiles want to see France beaten. . Telegrams to the French papers similarly misrepresented thc English press. Some Journals at the begin? ning were Inclined toward France, In Ihe hope that Prussia would yield, and th.* telegrams 1 give what was said against Prussia, but sup? press everything against France. The pres6 censorship was never more a.c'uve and unscru? pulous, In spite of its first wavering, the English press now, without exception, charges France with the responsibility for war. The Due de Gramnont's statement, with all Its falsehoods, Imposes on nobody. The inter? view between Benedetti and the King ls per? fectly understood as a premeditated Insult by Benedetti, and a violation of every diplomatic usage, while Prussia's dignified attitude under repeated provocations has won her the sympa? thy of Europe. _ THE (?ERMAX PRESS. View* of Leading German Newspapers on the Earopcan War Qaegtion Prussia Fully Sustained and the French Denounced. The leading topic of discussion in the edito? rial columnsof the German press of New York. Saturday, was, of course, the declaration ot war between France and Prussia. The follow? ing translations from the various Journals will be found of interest to our readers: THE XEW-TOBKKB DEMOKRAT. The New-Yorker Demokrat says: "War hts been declared, and that has been done, as a telegram states, by the French Corps L?gisla? tif, the meaning of which can be only that thar body has approved the declaration c against Prussia, proposed by the govern Prance declares war, and ls doing so, it ? In consequence of the offence she has .. enced In the person of her ambassador. I ls, therefore, the kicking party, and s minds one by this act of the fable ol the that devoured the lamb under the prt that it had muddied the stream, that wh fact, the wolf stood above and the Iamb I on the brook-side. It is to bc hoped, hov that Prussia, or rather Germany, will no the part of the lamb and be torn. We m sume that Prussia will enter the comba equipped and ready for war; her whole atl durlngtbe difference occuring so sudden! guarantee of this. She will not have to mi this fight the doubts and opposition of ile opinion that essentially aggravated resolution In the year 1866, to draw the B\ France appears as the wanton and unsci lons provoiter, and Germany fights for ht fence and honor. The appeal in their b was never fruitless with the German nt and we expect to see a repetition of the ne al enthusiasm of the memorable war ol llverance made against the First Napo throughout all Germany. To speculate 01 possible, or probable consequences of this would be premature. It ls sufficient, afir that has been said before about the affal Europe, doubtful and critical in every d tion, to bear in mind that the consequeno the war just declared between the two pr pal powers of the Continent, may be Incal? ble, and lend to such a change of the poll situation ol Europe as bas hot been effe by the most important events of this c?nti THE HEW ?OEKEB JOURNAL. The New Yorker Journal says: "The de ration of mur made nv France knew not ho find any better pretext than the so-called u to the Fi en cb. Ambassador by the Kin; Prussia. In truth, not the Ambassador, the Kin? was insulted, because the former the impudence to molest the King on the pi enad?, or at the spring at Ems. witb bis di matte complaints, whereupon bbe King ai ward refused to receive the insolent fellow, the part of the French, plainly a provoev was soutrht for, and thu pretext is BO b that it is not necessary to waste even a vt about it. The sympathies of ?be German; the United S tal cs aro .(with the exccp'ior some few who f jr relisions reasons enter other view-) on the part of Prussia, and, deed, of all Germany. They unanimously c ?lemo the nef.r.ous action of Fraace in 'k linc;, under ai empty a pretext, a Enrop war. We do not doubt for one moment t one hundred thousand Germans in the Uni States w mid be ready to hasten to aid country of their birth with arms in band there woald bs means and ways of doing t THE NEW TORKER STAATS ZEITUNG. The New Yorker Staats Zeltung says: Ml anxious fluctuation between fears of war t hopes for peace is at an end. The dice cast; France has declared war against Prusi and the armies of both powere hasten aire? to the world-disturbing combat Since Wat loo no greater event bas taken place In Eun than this declaration of war. The course history will be defined for centuries by the i clslon of the fight thus opened, and dread will be the delusion ot those, who. being Io ish enough lo believe themselves able to e the war, thus wantonly provoked, at any n mont they please, have challenged fate. will strike them with annihilating weight, i however much distress the war may cause Germany, it will not cease until it shall ha been fully decided whether Germany or Fran is to possess the supremacy on the Europe Continent; whether the Germanic or Latin ra is to have the lead henceforth in the life of i tiona. Who, that is not blinded, could si entertain any doubt as to what will be t end ? A glance at history shows that the La race bas, for centuries,. been constantly goli down. France alone, thanks to the Germar elements with which she is mixed, develop a great strength, and il her rulers had used tl strength for other purposes tban those of pt Bonai ambition, she might also, perhaps, ha reached the nile of the world, to which she. superior of the Romanic nations, aspired. B at Leipsic, and then at Waterloo, this aim wi frustrated for the first time, and the gi a combat commencing now ls to decide wheth France will bc more successful the secot time. But If the Emperor Napoleon had n been overtaken by the blindness which, as tl German proverb says, overtakes those whoi the gods would destroy, he would have heed? the warnings he so often received. Aimln Btill higher than his uncle did. he has devise the grand programme of making the Latia rac dominant on the Continent ol Europe and I Central America, and with the assistance of tl then most powerful Germanic power, the En< lis h. ho was. in the Crimean war. by the hi initiation of Russia, successful In the first ste] toward this end. Three years aiterwart when-well armed, he made np his mind, t< {pether wllh the new Roman ally won in th ormer war, Sardinia, to take the second stet which he did by challenging to war Austrit in whose aged hand rested the influence t the Germanic race on the continent After short fight ef threo lucky battles, he saw th proud Hapsburg chief asking for peace 1. bl tent. Thus thc Germanic Influence In Europ was fundamentally broken, and the Frencl Emperor exercised In fact the supremacy 01 the European Continent. But with his sue cess his ambition was Increased; his eye were turned across the ocean, and taking ad vantage of the civil war of the American peo pie, he sought to establish, by the erecslon o a throne supported by French bayonets, hi* superiority over thc Anglo-Germanic race ii this part of thc world. But the frivolous at tempt, to which he was Invited by the sug? gestions of his Spanish wife, was defeated b; the Indestructible vigor of the Amerlcat Union, and acting upon a hint frou the United States, the Napoleonlte wa compelled to withdraw his army fron desolated Mexico. In doing so, he show ed his cowardly fear and was covered with lg nomlny, In having deserted the unfortunati Prince lo the revenge of thc Mexican Repnb ile. By this deed his (thus far) proverbia luck was brought to an end, and from thal time everything went wrong with him, ant after the Germanic influence, which he though! he had broken forever on the battle-fleid ol Northern Italy, was established again by thc victory of Prussia, won over Austria at Sado? wa, he was obliged to look on and see the Ger? man Empire reconstructed In the heart of Eu? rope. By the victorious ioundation of the North German Union, by the promotion of the King of Prussia to commander-in-chief of all the German armies, the sway of the Latin races was practically broken. The German people were thus assured of their return to a leading position In politics, but Napoleon did not comprehend the Importance of this fact. He did not understand the Irresistible Innate longing ol the German people lor national unity, nor the absolute impossibility of check? ing lt. He endeavored to scatter secretly the seeds of discord among the German peo? ple-exciting hostility among the enemies of Prussia, great and small, against that power. He conspired with the Roman hierarchy against the Protestant tendencies of the as? cending power, and at the same time by arm? ing incessantly lor war by using means far above the economical resources or the French people, he prepared for the decisive day when he might by his military superiority crush the dangerous rival and throw Germany back into her former weakness and dismemberment. But al! his doings effected only the contrary of what he aimed at. By continually menacing Germany he there developed more strongly the desire lor unltv. aud abated in the same proportion tho resistance to the supremacy of Prussia. By supporting the unmeasured pre? tensions or Popery, he incurred the hatred and curse or the italians, and created that re? volution in Spain which, in a certain de? gree, gave to his plan, (by which he desired lo make France thc centre, and thc victorious leader of the Ro? manic race,) the last kick. By that revolu? tion, which occurred al the very moment when he wished to conclude a defensive and offensive alliance with Queen Isabella, Spain emancipa? ted herself from the French forever. A further consequence of this event has been that Spain has offered the crown to the Prince of Hohen? zollern, so nearly related to the Prussian royal family, and thus that important member of the Romanic world has sought in its leaning on Germany the means of its regeneration. Na? poleon HI has taken this highly significant act as a pretext for the rupture with Prussia, and the French people, so long jealous of Germany, have jubilantly greeted the beginning of thia decisive combat, but both Napolean and his people are exposed to punishment for this fri? volous act, for the combat will not cease before France will have been humiliated, and this na? tional humiliation will render the continuance of the Napoleonic dynasty Impossible lu the country, undermined by revolutionary pas? sions. Victory, however, can only be acquired Ly enormous sacrifices. Germany will bo visited by days full ol sorrow, and many a bit? ter affliction. Her greatest efforts, the exer? tion of all her powers, will b?oome necessary, in order to contend successfully against the formidable enemy, but the unity or the Ger? man people will speedily follow, and by inflam? ing the patriotic enthusiasm, awaken her latent powers. Her ally will be the necessity (by the will of Providence) for the Germanic spirit to conquer the Romanic, and to deliver lt at the same time. The b?n?dictions of all the Germans In America will follow the Ger? man armies. We shall feel heavy sorrows for them, but our confidence will never be shaken In the belief that they will prove themselves worthy of the, great destiny to which Germany is called. THE FRENCH PRESS. The Other Side of the Case Fully pre? sented-France and the Emperor En? dorsed. THE COURRIER DBS ETATS UNIS. Alta jacta est ! the die is cast ! War is de? clared between France and Prussia, and the two greatest military powers of the world are about to hurl themselves against each other In a terrific conflict, of which the destinies of Europe are the stake. War between France and Prussia means the. most formidable colli? sion that the ages have ever witnessed, not excepting those gigantic battles ot the Repub? lic and the First.Empire, which made as many, wounds drip blood as could be opened in the loins of humanity. Hut let ns for a moment silence the tumultuous emotions that awake In us, In order to contemplate the sit? uation with that coolness and calmness which an hour so solemn requires. Two great nations are about to rend each other until one*ot them succumbs. We scorn false patriotism, and are free to confess that the enemy who confronts her ls worthy of France: that, far from despising, that foe, we regard her as very formidable, and lt ls with lively emotion that we estimate the gravity of the peril to which the rude test that our country ls about to undergo exposes us. But whatever our patriotic preoccupations may be, we do not feel inclined to utter harsh reproaches and offensive accusations. The conflict' now pre? paring is, in our opinion, a fatal necessity which had to.be met with resignation sooner or later; It ls the last instalment of a debt be? queathed to the present along with the heri? tage handed down by a mournful past. Unfor? tunately. In politics. Interests at stake easily become transformed to the condition of anger, and two nations get to fancy that they detest each other when they have, in reality, only mutual claims to regulate, lt is from this point of view, for our part, that we look upon the struggle that has begun between France and Germany; and, whatever may be the result, we believe that the two nations may each, on its own side, defend what from Us point of view it considers its right and its duty, without ceasing to esteem one another for the good qualities which distinguish both, and for the services that both have rendered to humanity. Such, too, we trust, ls the thought that will guide other nations in their ?ppreclation of the combat that they are about to witness. To this end we appeal particularly Lo the American people, not for its exclusivo sympathy, but to request of it an amiable Im? partiality, which thc old ties of cordial feeling that unite the two nations give us a right to expect. France has no hatred against Prussia. She has profound affinities and aspirations in common with Germauy. But France bas her legitimate Influence to maintain, ber legiti? mate pride to defend. The treaties of 1815 placed her in a position somewhat diminished, indeed, but which, by a balance, more or less exact, ol the powers who at that time parcelled out Europe between them, at least left ber safety assured and her honor unimpaired. There have been many changes since then, but none which seriously affected the equilibrium established by the treaties; none that could be a source of uneasiness or a threat for France. Sadowa came, and the advantages which Prus? sia reaped were even accepted as the legiti? mate and natural fruit of uer victory. This situation, this completed fact, has been sanc? tioned by treaties, and a new setting has been given by common accord to European policy. France, as no one will deny, bas scrupulously respected this situation; sue has neither im? paired nor sought, In the slightest degree, to Impair it; she has not, In any wise, interfered with the action of the Prussian Government, Dr rather of tho Confederation of Northern Germany, operating on itself. She has even stretched her patience so far-and there, we think, she was wrong-as to leave unexecuted certain pledges stipulated In the negotiations Df which she became the .guarantor, when the execution Of those pledges concerned oniv third parties, and did not direct? ly Interest her own honor or her own security. But this patience was made subordinate to one condition, viz : that Prussia would not extend her power so far as to make ours undergo a fresh curtailment, rel? atively speaking, and that we should not have to behold the limits openly laid down for the ambitious tendencies of our neighbor, over? stepped by successive encroachments, by oc? cult and tortuous wiles. We will not nero re? trace the marches anti counter-marches of Prussia, her stealthy Invasions, and her perse? vering attempts to envelope within the circle of lier influence, and even of ber direct domi? nation, nationalities and sovereignties not in? cluded within the regions of her recognized annexations. We have but to recollect the latest Intrigue that she set on foot, or at least favored, and which was to deliver up our Southern frontier to her in contempt of the rights and traditions that make the indepen? dence of the nation in question an essential condition of our safety. In the presence of this exorbitant pretension, which is a decisive man? ifestation of the Jealous spirit that animates Prussia, France has but one position to assume, and that is to demand guaran? tees against any possible surprise in thc future. Well, these guarantees could be of but one kind. We cannot have our ears continually on the alert lo hear In what direction Prussia ls digging her mines, and it is out of the ques? tion for us to be on hand to check ber every time upon the verge of her covetous desires. There remains to us, then, only to make sure of an extension ot our national boundaries to compensate for the aggrandizement of our adversary. Such is the meaning of the war now opening. The right is on our side; the world cannot refuse to see it, but France feels It, and that is enough. At this hour the hearts of all Frenchmen beat in unison. "To the Rhine" is the cry of the whole nation. United as it is now, as it has always been, and as it always will be in any great question ol na? tional honor and security, it is invincible. May God protect our arms. Vive Ia France. SYMPATHY WITH PRVSSIA. Address of German-Americans to the German People. . The f/(lowing address, directed to Lbe Gar mau people, has been prepared by Germans of New York City, aDd is open at various public places for sis natures bj the Ger man-Americans. lb will be sent to the North German Minister, at ?Vaahiogtoa, to b; forwarded bj bim to Ger? many. Tue address reads as follows : To the German People : By murdering the French iud Roman Repub? lics, thc Government of the "Third" Napoleon was inaugurate:!. The wars in tho Crimea and in Italy had to surround the newly-erected imperial throne with the indispensable mi'itary nimbus, and at ibis moment a declaration of war, forced in by head and shoulders, and di iccted. as is pretended, against Prussia, is to wipe out the fiasco endured in Mexico, and to fialoa again the shaking throne of tbe usurper and malsc-bato. Germany ?B to Buffer n?w for the frustration of the Mexican intrigue, which frustration was caused hy the firm attitude of the United States, and bas become thc one lu the fl-sh of tbe Napoleonic A humiliation oi Germany regenerating and straightening her sblf is to pay for the so totally abortive attempt to be auxiliary^ the destruction iii the repub? lic), also of tho New World, which was in (end? ed by the invasion of Mexico. Tba peace ol the world will not he secured so long as s chance ia left to that usurper to avert from himself the consequences of the deep dissen? sions among the easily-mflamei French nation by frivolous declarations of war agavnet otbei States and nations. Already one Bonaparte baa found tho end ol his excessive ambition on German fields; maj the second soon reach the same fate, for the measure ot bis crimes; committed against the happiness and peace of society, is fall. to over? flowing. The millions of citizens of German descent living in the United-States cannot for a moment entertain any doubt about the posi? tion they have to take in 'the * conflict forced upon the eonntrv of their birth. Wh?? they leave it to the adjusting and- judging time to make aober the mialerl French nation, and to teach it more correct ideas about its own. bart interests and the rights of neighboring nations, the German citizens of this Republio cannot ueglecfc the holy duty of showing energetic sympathies for their native country, and de? claring themselves against the usurping ene? my of-liberty and disturber of the peace of nations. We German-Americana entertain tho fi tm confidence- that on the other side of the ocean not one German will be found who,, by the lame ?v?Sitr? of the Sphinx atParfs/'tbafc thin declaration of w.ir waa directed only against tho .Prussian l'oyat family/, and not against the rights, interests, and power of aB Germany, will De deceived,and we expect that the whole German people, setting aside, all particular interests, will unanimously and with the greatest perseverance, aooept the orJnfllei and fight it ont. ,T' .< VIR G IS IA. AFFAIR ?-J?IJt K >8 LAMBS OF THE FOLD. RICHMOND, July 20. Judge Gnigon this morning decided that a violation of the election law in one ward in the city vitiated the late municipal election, and another mnst be held. ?. F. Lindsay, shot for the seduction of hie wife's sister by Captain W. F. Heyward, ber father, at Cheater yesterday, died this morn? ing. A telegram from Danville, Virginia, says that a large number of citizens of Oassville Comity, North Carolina, have fled to that place from Colonel Kirk and the North Carolina State troops. An aged citizen named Bo vie? who had been bidly beaten br Kirk's men, wae brought on a litter with the flying refu? gees, thia moram?. Kirk was still arresting prominent citizens. LATER-A telegram from Danville, Ya, this evening, says that Colonel Kirk has arrested about twenty more prominent citizens of Cass well County. The Hon. Bedford Brown has gone to Wash? ington to see President Grant, and ex-Gov? ernor Graham will meet bim there. RALEIGH, July 20*. The habeas corpus case of citizens arrested by Kirk in Alamance County continues before) the Chlef-Jnstice to-day. The arguments are i expected to close to-morrow. Advices from Casswell County state that 160 to 200 citizens were kept in the courthouse from IP. M. to 5 P. M. W. D. Bowe, one of those arrested, demanded to know why he was arrested without a warrant, when he was knocked down and dragged off. Hr. Wiley,' another prisoner, was ploughing in hts field when arrested, and, refusing to go with them without a warrant, was knocked down and put on his own horse, with his feet tied under ita belly and bis hands behind his back, and car? ried to Kirk's court The sentinels under Judge Kerr's prison amused themselves by cursing and reviling the prisoners. Ladies have been Insulted and are fleeing to Virginia for protection. Among the arrivals of Holden's troops-at Raleigh was a company of negroes, command? ed by negro officers. Both parties are denoun? cing this outrage as unlawful, despotic and unnecessary. DEATH OF THE PRESCH MI MST ER. WASHINGTON, July 28. Prevo3t-Pajddol. the French Minister to the United States, committed suicide this morning, at two o'clock, by shooting himself with a pis? tol. His mind yesterday seembd wandering and disturbed, though he was engaged in busi? ness until a late hour. It is supposed he com? mitted the deed while laboring ander a flt of insanity produced by overwork and the intense heat. Parado], though evidently partially derang? ed, made preparation for some accident. He wrote to the chancellor of legation on Monday, at Washington, giving directions regarding his children and servants. THE GEORGIA LEGISLATURE. ATLANTA, July 20. The question of the ineligibility of Aaron Alpeoria Bradley was being discussed. Ho was making his defence. A resolution -was offered by Tweedy, that no election be held until the admission of repre? sentatives in Congress, and that, all election laws repugnant to that bc repealed. This reso? lution was adopted in a Republican caucus. -? ACTIVITY TS FERIAR- CIRCLES. PHILADELPHIA, Joly 20. James Gibbons, the chairman of the Fenian Executive Committee, has Issued the follow? ing, in view ot the imminency of a general European war, and a strong probability of England being engaged In lt : . 'That a general committee of Irish Nationalism, Irrespective of party differences, be held In Cincinnati on August 23d, to adopt such measures as will best promote the eause of Irish independ? ence." SPECIE SHIPMENTS. NEW YOEE, Jul s 20. Tbe Java takes out (1.800,000; the Colorado, $890,000. SF ARKS FROM THE WIRES. Baron Gerolt, the Prussian Minister, is at New York, and refuses to receive visitors. General Sherman will remain in Washington to reorganize the army. A fatal affray occurred at Lynchburg, Va., between Colonel E. C. Randolph and Lewis Wimbush and John Wimbush, Jr. The quar? rel arose from Hie sale ol some land. Randolph was killed In his office, receiving Ave wounds, -The New York Times of Monday says: '-A. swift steamship is being rapidly fitted up un? der the very eyes of - the Brooklyn navy-yard officials, with guns, ammunition and score's, to? be used, it is said, as a Prussian privateer. The men have been recruited, and one of them, in a conversation with our reporter yesterday, declared that the vessel would sall out of New York to-day. There was a posslblity of. fur? ther delay, he said, but he believed that every? thing would work favorably for an early start. A daring commander has been choaen, who was trained in our navy, 'and his men are alt picked from among the best gunners and. sea? men to be found anywhere. They are. princi? pally Germans, and are promised a large shara of the proceeds of their work. - In the-course ol his search for news, another reporter lound' that an iron brig, of clipper build, was lying; off the Jersey Flats, taking In a cargo of guna and powder. She Is a trim, well built vessel, and could easily., be turned to good ac count as a privateer. The movements be? tween this craft and the shore are highly sus? piclous, and lt is said that men are being stow?? ed away in ber hold, to be brought forth s%. the.right.time for service." The persecution of the colored cadet at Wesi Point having been brought to the notice of th? War Department, the Secretary of War has or? dered a court of inquiry.