Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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CHARLESTON, S. C., FRIDAY MORNING, JANUARY 29, 1869. FIFTEEN CENTS A WEEK BY TELEGRAPH THE STATIS CAPITAL LEGISLATIVE PROCEEDINGS - THE CHARLESTON ELECTION BILL RECOMMITTED-PASSAGE OF THE ; CIVIL BIQHTS BILL - SOUTH CAROLINA RAILROAD COMPANY VS. COLUMBIA AND AUGUS? TA RAILROAD COMPANY. [SPECIAL TELEGRAM TO THE DAILY NEWS.] COLUMBIA, January 28.- The Committee on Elections asked and obtained further time to report on the bill to declaro valid the Charles? ton Municipal elcotion. The bill incorporating the Citizen's Savings Bank of South Carolina passed a second read? ing. Barber introduced a bill to regulate con? tracts. IN THE HOWSE the bill amending the criminal law passed its second reading and was ordered to be engrossed. The same action was taken on the .following : The bill to incorporate the South Carolina Phosphate Company ; the bill io incorporate the Amateur Literary Fraternal Association of Charl 's ton, and the bill to incorporate tho Ai? ken Sanitary Association. Smith iutraduced a bill to afford aid to the Spartanburg and Union Railroad Company. The Civil Bights bill was passed, and sont io the Senate. The bill relative to insurance companies not incorporated in tho-Stato was recommitted. In tho case of the South Carolina Railroad Company VB. the Columbia and Augusta Rail? road Company, in the Supremo Court, tho re? cords were read to-day, and the argument will bo commenced to-morrow. WASHINGTON. REV. MB. O'CALL AH AN, A MEMBER OF THE GEORGE? TOWN OOLLEOE FACULTY"-FRIGHT OF THE GEORGIA MEMBERS. WASHINGTON, January 28.-Tho Catholic priest O'Callahan, killed on the Periere, was a member of the Georgetown College Faculty. The Virginia committee of nine was before the Judiciary Committee to-nigb t. The House was in session to-night for de? bate. The Georgia representatives are somewhat frightened over tho action of the House to? day. Bullock's friends are gleeful. CONGRESSIONAL.. THE GEORGIA REPRESENTATIVES-THE PENSION BILL-SOLDIER'S WIDOWS-CONFEDERATE PRI? VATEERS - FEMALE SUFFRAGE - POSTOFFICE TELEGRAPH-THE CONSTITUTIONAL SUFFRAGE AMENDMENT. WASHINGTON, January 28.-IN THE HOUSE, the Army Appropriation bill amounting to forty-three millions was made tho special order for Monday. A resolution of inquiry regarding the Geor? gia members was passed by a vote of one hun? dred and twanty-soveu to thirty-three. The Georgia contested election was reported, but ita consideration, in view of the inquiry re? garding tho rights of the Georgia members, Wa postponed to the third Tuesday of Feb? ruary. The House resumed the consideration of the Pension bill, and the chastity of Union soldiers' widows was harshly discussed. No action was taken. t The consideration of the Indian Appropria? tion bill was resumed. Roots offered a resolution, adding two to the Pacific Railroad Committee, which waa referred to the Committee on Rules. Bout well gave notice that he would oall up the constitutional amendment to-morrow. Information was asked of the number of ves? sels destroyed by Confederate privateers. Adjourned. IN THE SENATE, an unusual number of female suffrage petitions were offered. * Rice introduced a bill for constructing a post office t biograph between Washington and Bos? ton, touching at the intermediate cities. A committee of Ave on education was ap? pointed. The McGarraban bill was taken from the table after a severe struggle. Yeas 27, nays 18. The constitutional amendment was discus? sed. It provides that no State shall deprive its citize* 1 of th? right of suffrage on account of race or color. After an executive session the Senate ad? journed. EUROPE. MINISTER DIX IN GREECE. PARIS, January 28.-Mr. Dix, the American Minister, in a recent speech at a publia dinner, said that the cause of Greece was identical with the cause of liberty throughout the world, and that Greece might feel assured of the sym? pathy of America. MORE GREEK TROUBLE. LONDON, January 28.-It is believed that tho Greek declaration of adherence to the protocol of the conference will contain a reservation which will protract the Turkish trouble. MURDER OF A SPANISH GOVERNOR-ARREST OF A DEAN AND CHAPTER. MADRID, January 28.- The. government has laid claim to tho arel? ives and works of art pos? sessed by the ch ur ch os, and the enforcement of this claim has led to the assassination of the Governor of Burgos. The dean and chap? ter of the cathedral have been arrested. The government hos withdrawn ita recognition of the diplomatic character of the Pope's Nuncio at Madrid. CENTRAL AMERICA. NEW YORK, January 28.-The Alaska has ar? rived, with four hundred and seventy-three thousand in treasure. There has boen frequent earthquakes in Guatamala. War ia probably between San Salvador and Honduras. An unsuccessful attempt at assassination waa made on tho person of President Guzman, of Nicaragua. No news from Cushing's mission. SPARKS PROM THE WIRES. The Diario of Havana says that the rebela are accepting Dulce's terms. .?? The Georgia Legislature baa appointed a commit tee to examine into the oaaoa of alleged lawlessness in that State. Tho question of the legality of treasury ac? ceptances bj Secretary Floyd ia before the Supreme Court. # lt ia proposed to send Alex. H. Stephens, Herschel V. Johnson, and other distinguished Georgiana to Washington, aa a committee to consult with Congress on Georgia affairs. The Virginia Republican State Central Com? mittee have called a State Convention, Mareil 9th, to nominate State candidates for State offices. I HOM TMS STATIS CAPITA.!,. 'risc Charleston Klcetlon KUl-Spon H of | Mr. Corbin-What was Done with the Bill-The General Proceedings. [FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT.! COLUMBIA, 8. C., January 27.-Senator Cor? bin's Charleston Election bill is the prinoipal subject of interest now before tho General As? sembly. The motion by Mr. Corbin that the bill be taken np for a second reading aud con? sideration to-day, raised some unexpected op? position. Mr. Lcslio said ho was unprepared for any discussion to-day, not knowing what legal principles wore set forth in the bill. It waa one of tbe moat important bills bo thought that would be brought to the attention ot this General Assembly, and it was desirable that whou a voto was taken upon it, they should all vote with a full understanding of the many uoibtf ul questions involvod in the bill. One of tho questions would bo, can the party claiming the offico of Mayor bo seated by the Genoral Assembly if be was not legally elected. He wanted the bill referred to the Committee on tho Judiciary. Wright, ot Beaufort, also opposed any hasty actiou on the Lill, and moved as au amend? ment that the bill be iel erred to the Committee on Elections. Mr. Corbin m : ved to amend the amendment of tho senator from Beaufort by adding, "with instructions to report to-morrow." Mr. Cor? bin ?aid : I havo no obj motion to tho reference of this bill to tho judiciary or any proper committee. But it is a very simple bul, and 1 desiro tbat it should be considered at once. I know perfect? ly well that it is a bill that is going to1 excite the opposition of some of tho gentlemen on this floor. I know it is a bill that excites tho feeling of a great many in this State. I will stato to tho Sonate in advance, that I have been advised that I might expect opposition to this bill. It is well known to the S.nate tbat an elect iou waa hold iu tho City of Charleston under tho eleotion law passed at the special session under an act to regulate eleotions in incorporated cities and towns of this State. The election was hel l at the time fixed by law. As is well known in that election, certain persona were elected, and certain other persons, after the elect iou was ascertained. Rot up a protest. That elec? tion had passed off quietly, but as soon as it was known that the Republican candidates were elected, all at once there spruug up, on tho port of the Democrats, a tremendous fu? rore and an effort to set it aside. They insist? ed, thon, that tho election was illegal and void, and thia tremendous protest was sont iuto the City Council to arrest the declaration of tho election. Swails-I would like to ask thc Senator, did he not, in a public argument, published iu tho papers, pronounce an opinion that the muni? cipal election law on certain points was ille? gal? Mr. Corbin-I never did. I expressed tho opinion th"t certain seotions of the election law wore unconstitutional., I will point out to the H?rralo what portion of tho constitution 1 thought was and is in antagonism with that election law. Atter the protest was sent into the Mayor and City Council, he and they refused to pub? lish the returns. They refused to make decla? ration of the election as required by tb o law. It will bo seen that it is the duty of tho Aoting Mayor to make such declaration. Ho refused, and called the City Council together, and said to them: "Here is a protest; it is a very grave and solemn matter, a matter of the gravest importance to the City of Charleston. Here is the protest; let us go into au examination." They did so, and spent two or throe weeks in tko investigation. The result was when they got through they said: "Wo declaro the eleo? tion void." A ceriain oath contained in the act had not boon adm i intered In all ooaoi. A registra? tion had boon made, and the election was fair? ly conducted, but it was ascertained that the managers had not administered the oath re? quired by the third section of the act. An? other gronnd was that some of the managers did not make their returns in a sealed en? velope. We said that part of the law was sim? ply directory, and that the oath required was contrary to tho constitution. The oath re? quired the individual to swear that he had re? sided in the county one year. The constitu? tion says that the individual must have re? sided in tho State one year, or have boen a resident since tho adoption of the constitu? tion. All that tho voter was to show, accord? ing to the constitution, was that be had resi? ded in the county since its adoption, and the truth was tbe City Conned had got completely into the hinds of the Philistines and took their advice, and accordingly declared the election void. The party who felt themselves aggrieved by this course appealed to the courts and ob? tained a writ of mandamus, commanding the Acting Board of Aldermen of the City of Charleston to declare the election as the law authorized and required them to do. The court declared that the board of Aldermen had no naht to say the eleotion was void. A fieremptory mandamus was issued commanding hem to go on and declare the election, which they finally did, just as set forth in this bill. They could not withhold it any longer. If they did. it would ba in contempt of the court, aud they would have to go to jail. This much was extorted from thom. The aot says they shall declaro the eleotion, and their de? cision shu.il be binding upon all parties. They have declared the election, aud say tbe per? sons herein indicated received tho highest number of votes. The Supreme Court nave said that was equivalent to saying that these poraons woro duly elected. Now, what hap? pens? After the declaration has been squeez? ed out of them, a demand is made upon the Aoting Mayor and Board of Aldermen tor the offices. Thoy reply, notwithstanding, we de? claro you are elected, but we refuse to give you the offices. We then find ourselves in this position. Wo have to again appeal to the Courts. There is no doubt whatever but that the claimants wore elected. The Board of Aldermen settled that question. Their best advisors, on the other side, admit that the question is practically set? tled aa a matter of law, and that the parties in possession must surrender. But still the claimants have to resort to the Courts to drive or smoko out the a?ting Board of Aldermen I What is the result ? Why they can raise tech? nical objections, and the Courts are so organ? ized that Mr. Pillsbury and the Aldermen elect may be kept out of their office a whole year. Now what we want to do by this aob is to stop all delays from mere technicalities, and a long, laborious, tiresome litigation. We simply want to deprive these gentlemen ot tbs opportunity of enjoying one half of the term or office be? longing to others and to keep the claimants out of office for that time. It the oaso is brought up on a ano warranlo, it most go before tho Circuit Court of Charles? ton. That court meets on the first Munday of next month. The criminal business is sufficient to occupy tbe time of that court for at least four weeks; there having boon no courts held there for nearly a year, consequently the jails are crowded to overflowing. There are some two or tbiee hundred per. ons waiting to be tried. We cannot, therefore, probably get a hearing until March or April. Then the Anal settlement of the question involved would go to the Supreme Court, and it will be utterly impossible to get a decision of the oase in that court before December next. In this opinion I am sustained by tho Attorney-General. If this was not the case, I would much prefer the courts io compel these gentlemen to vacate tho officoa they now hold. But the Legislature is in session, and can say that, according to law, these claimants are entitled to their seats. They are only kept out of them by the infa? mous oonduot of the Acting Board of Alder? men. I would not introduce this bill had I not nu? merous precedents for it. I propose to show the precedents in this very City of Charleston in referenoe to this matter. Senator Corbin here quoted from volume 7, Statutes at Large, page 126, "An aot to alter and amend au act to incorporate Charleston, and for other purposes therein mentioned. " The case, be said, was simply this : For ten years the intendants and Wardens of tbe City of Charleston had been doing business, and all their eleotions and everything else were null and void, and so dooidod by the highest couria. They had to gd to the General Assembly to have passed an aot validating the acts of those intondants and Wardens for that length of the time. They had gone wrong in redistricting the wards; hence they had to get an bot of obliv? ion passed in reference to the whoie matter. The last General Assembly of 1866, whioh {?recbdcd thia, passed "An act to declare valid be recent election of Intendant and Wardens of tho Town "bf Timmonsviile. That set says: Be %t tmcUS by tba senate sad Hons* of Bases' pentaUvee now met and Kitting in General Assembly and by tbe autbority ot tbe esme. That the 1 ?cont election for Intendant and Warde? B of the Town of Timmonsvllle bo and tbe same la hereby deolarod aa valid, to all intents and purposes, as if the same bad been held at the timo and under the provis'ona of existing laws; and all acts done by the said Inten? dant sad Wardens unter the charter of the said town are hereby confirmed. In the Senate Hone? the fourteenth day of Decem? ber, ia the year of out Lord, 1866. W. D. PORTER, President of the Senate. CHARLES H. SIMONTON, Speaker ef the House of Representatives. Approve ! December 16th, 1866. JAMBS L. ORR, Governor. That wise L?gislature preceded the new days in which wo live. They did tho thing they deemed most proper under the circumstances. This, said the senator, is not the only caso where there were suoh glaring irregularities. All wo auk is simply this: According to a law passed at the last session of the Go nora 1 As? sembly the people of Charleston held an elec? tion on the 10th of November. That election was protested. The Actiug Board of Alder? men, under the provisions of the act, have been compelled to certify to the Supreme Court the election, and the act says "their decision shall be binding upon all partios." We have wrung from them a declaration of this election, and they still re? fuse to get out of the way of the parties duly el jeted. They say, we can keep you out for a year at least; and the courts are so situated and organized that We cannot remove them. Hence it is this bill has been introduced. We do not want to stave off this question. We say that although all the technical provisions of the act were not observed, Mr. Pillsburv and his Aldermen aro duly entitlod to their offices. It is but simple justice thai is asked of the Senate to declare valid this election. We want to deprive tho Acting Board of Aldermen of their ill-gotten positions-positions to which they oro not entitled by law, and to which they know full well they are not entitled by law. Mr. Corbin thou quoted Bellinger on Elec? tion?, page 465 ; report of the Committee on Privileges and Elections, on the protest of S. ti. Tomkins against tho admission of John C. Al? len to a seat in tho House of Representatives. The roport. of that committee quotes from the cuso of McMullen : " That the ond of popular elections is to discover which of tho candidates has the greatest number of votes from among tho qualified voters : polls are of necessity holden by many persons at different places, and such elections are, of course, subject to irregularities. Where, then, after legal notice to the voters polls have been fairly holden by the proper managers at the places and for the timo de? signated, and ono of tho candidates has re? ceived the graator number of votes, the end of tho election is answered. It follows irre? sistibly that we are to construe the rules for the regulation of popular elections with a con? stant direction to that end, and not to bo de? terred by minute objections and irregularities of manner and form." This is not, said the senator, a glaring casa like that one; tbe irregularities complained of aro matters of form and not of substance. It is not oontended that any of the parties voted tor are disqualified, and boneo not entitled to their seats. They simply hold out because all the technicalities of the law were not observed by the managers. We ask the Senate to waive technicalities, and to say to these gentlemen, now holding over, we, the Stat9, waive technicalities in the law, and will not require compliance with thom or allow you or anybody else to hold seats to which jon aie not entitlod. This is the object and end of tho bill; The motion to refer to the Committee on Elections, with instructions to report to-mor? row, was agreed to. A bill to regulato and provide for the pay of Commissioners and Managers ef Elections passed, the title was changed to that of an act, and ordered to be returned to the House ol representatives. A joint resolution authorizing the Qovsraor to employ an armed force for the preservation of the peace, received its third reading, passed, mid was ordered to be returned to the House of Representatives. A bill to aid tho construction of the Port Royal Railroad was made the epoaial order for February 8, at 1 P. M. IN THE HOUSE this morning, the following (rom tbe Senate were read a first time and re? ferred : ^ A bill to renew the charter of the ferry across tho Great Peedee River, known as Old Port? Ferry. A bill to enable the Savannah and Charles? ton Railroad Company to complete their road. Report (favorable) of Senate Committee on Removal of Political Disabilities on the peti? tion of John T. MoAlhany, of Colleton County, tor the lemoval of his political disabilities, accompanied by a .concurrent resolution to grant the same. The following concurrent resolution was, on motion of Mr. Turner, referred to the Com? mittee on Claims : Resolved, by the Senate, the House of Rep? resentatives concurring, That bills or claims against the State having its origin under the Provisional Government oe, and tho same are hereby, deferred for further consideration until the next regular session of the General Assembly. ?*"' The Speaker laid before the House a commu? nication from the Secretary of State, stating that they were twenty-three county offices vacant on account of death, resignation and failure to qualify, Elliott introduced a joint resolution to autho? rize the Governor of the State to filt the vacan* 3ies now existing in the State Board of Equali? zation. Read the first time and referred tc bhe Committee on Ways and Means. On motion of Do Large, a bill to establish thc Mount Pleasant and Sullivan's Island Ferrj Company, and to extend the aid of the Statt bo the same, was taken np. The bill was put upon its second reading. De Large, by leave, introduced a Substitut) entitled a bill to establish a company under tlx name of tbe Mount Pleasant and Sullivan's Is land Ferry Company, and to ext ead the aid o the State to the same. Road the first tim* and referred to tho Committee on Incorpora Mons. The orig'nai bill was then recommitted t< the Committee on Incorporations. A bill to incorporate the Vaucluse Manu fae turing Company io the State of South Carolin; was taken up and passed. A bill to amend an aot entitled "An act t lease the State Road running from the Count of Greenville, in this State, across the Saludi Mountain, to the County of Henderson ii North Carolina," was taken up and passed. A bill to enforce the provisions of the Civi Rights bill of the United States Congress wa put upon its seeond reading. The bill was read a second time and ordere bo be engrossed for a third reading. Senate bdl to] alter and amend the orimini law was put upon its second reading. After repeated calla of the yeas and nays o the motion to recommit this bill, the Hons? without any final result, adjourned, The application of tbe South Carolins Rai road Company, to the Supreme Court, for prohibition against the Columbia and August Railroad Company, will be brought up to-mo: row (Thursday) before a full bench. The pr< hibition asked for ie to bc directed to tl Columbia and Augusta Railroad Company, i Judge Platt and to ..Andrew Ramsay, derk bhe Circuit Court for Edgoflold County, to r strain them from any further proceedings \ condemnand appropriate the lands or right way of the South'Carolina Railroad Compan until a judicial decision shall bo obtained as the legal right of such condemnation. Tl Hon. A. G. Magrath, General James Conn? sud Mosers, Chamberlain and Corbin, for tl South Carolina Railroad Company ; Met>si Memminger and Melton for th? Columbia ai Augusta Road. ? ..... .?.?.??> n > Cit AB IVESTON Riem H KITTED TO NEW OBLEA WITHOUT CHANOB O* CABS.-Tho Selma Tim of Friday last says : We have great pleasure in announcing tb to-morrow there will be in Selma, en rot i rom Charleston to New Orleans, via Seine two car loads of rios. They will go on rail New Orleans without change of oars han This is the first shipment to New Orleans tbe Palmetto route. We hail with joy tl nsw proof of the growing importance of Bell as a railroad centre, this further demons ti tion of the fact that the roads terminating Selma are certain to become, and are neo sary as links in the chain of eommuntoaU which must, sooner or later, bind togett the Attantto and the Gulf ports. This sb meet has a commercial significance which are sure will be fully appreciated by our bo ness men. THE COTTON WOUM. WHERE, WHENCE AND Vf HITHER. Tho Karly Hiatory of tb? Worm-Its Na tu revi K?mmy-Thc Catties of time Destructiveness ot* the Wor,.. -The Kf feets of ttic Season and lite Itnportnnec of Karly Crops-The Pith T ieory-The Worm on Salt an? H ?sty 1 ads. TO THE EDIT OU OF THE NEWS. The annual reourronee of the colton worm is by no means a foregone conclusion. ^ All results depend on exciting causes, and this is manifestly so with tho insect creation. In one season we are aunoyed hy swarms of flies, gnats and mosquitoes, white; in another we are almost exempt from them. In one our orchards and gar lens are made a jioet value? less by the presence of aphides ami other in? sects. In another wo enjoy an entire respite. Sometimes these swarms of insecte are repeat? ed for several consecutive seasons, and then suddenly they are gone, apparently without oause, yet undoubtedly from some* controlling influence. It is thus with the caterpillar as with all others. We may as well ot>unt on the continuous reourrenco of extraorcrViary mala? rial seasons as oxpest the constanbrecurrenee of the cotton worm. Now, ffc is known that caterpillars of all kinds, at the NHrth as well as with us, woro unusually prevalent during the past season. In 1867, tho ca si na (J lex cassinci) was stripped of ita leaves entirely early in the summer by its own peculiar cater? pillar. This bad not been known to occur be? fore in many years' observation ofjj^he plant, which, on account of its uso a* a li Idge plant, was in a position to be closely wah aed. Sea? son after season the plant escape I,??mt in 1867 it was attacked and overcome by it^rown pecu? liar destroyer. And this summer ,th o ramie plant was attacked and stripped of "paves by a worm peculiar to it, and of very singular ap? pearance, i About the period of the Revolutionary war, the wheat fields were infestod by fcjj Hessian fly, and suoh were the ravages cornet ted that the raising of wheat was almost d'?fa-aired of, and the advent of the fly feared o* in Eu? rope. So, too, occurred the disenso of the grape, which so materially roduce-I thc vin? tages of s ovo nil years. So, too, the wall-known potato rot, which had its thousands ff victims, requiring tho exportation of cargoes of grain from America to Ireland. 'Jsf Tho cotton worm is the insect p^j^iar to the cotton plant, and will feed, as far a? ",uown, on nothing else. It is easily distinguished from other worms by the experienced %e. This worm is Bubject to be developed or tm, accord? ing to tho character of the aeaaons "?nd other circumstances, as its hatching indies ;es. lt is itself, however, aubject to be pjf?^od on by somo other insects, as well as b?rdSi?L My expe? rience teaches me, however, tba.vfit is not readily devoured by our wild birds,j&d in this I think the most observant plaa^nRrill agree with mo. When crushed ia. theJS'igcrB, oi even whilst eating in a field, it emlf? a disa? greeable and nauseous odor. ;/$H^ftOT*t whiol is supposed to bo tho most d?si.*u?*o to th( cotton worm is tho i^hiiournotj^jL^S^l^ fly if n very active insect, and can be seen darting about in search of its prey, lt punctures tin living worm without apparent injury, and de posits its own egg in the worm. Tho worm, at its appointed time, goes into the ohrysalii state, from which ohrysales is hatched th< cotton moth, which in time deposits iU eggs on or under the leaves of th? plant. Thoso minute eggs are hatchet into very small worms, at first scarcely peroep bible, the egg itself not being larger than tb ordinary period mark (.) of a penman. Thea* little insects, a thousand of which may be pro duced by one moth, rapidly grows, so that in t very few days they may be oven heard eatini in the fields. Now, when the ichneumon fl; pierces a worm that worm goes into th chrysalis state, and instead of hatching a cot bon moth an ichneumon fly is hatched, the em bryo fly having fed upon and eaten up th worm within its case. Tke presence of this fl or its absence possibly has much to do wit! bhe prevalence of the cotton worm. Un for tu nat ely for us, very wet seasons, keeping th (vings of our friendly fly clogged with moU Lure, destroy much of its activity, whilst th 3sm3 weather adds greatly to the growth t bhe minute cotton worms, which live at fire dmost like aphides (?) on the moist and sue rolent cotton leaf. When the worm is produced from exoitin causes, whether of moisture, warm and murk weather, or some ether hidden climatic cond [ion, not known to us, we have simply the b< ginning of the evil ; but like young chicken or birds just hatohed, the surrounding ciroun stances must be favorable to their doveloi ment, or the most if not all of them perish. J the season is too hot and dry, or the plant te mature, the ichneumon fly abounds; or if tb season is too cold the little insect perishes. I am convinced that we have the worm c chrysalis with us always, subject to be prodi duoed by exoiting causes. I saw the unmist; ble chrysalis turned from the fresh plough fui rougb last spring; took it in my hand, exam ii ed it carefully, observed its peculiar motioi and was entirely satisfied as to its being tb chrysalis of the genuine moth. Another gei tleman in my community observed an unmii takable worm as eariy as April or the first. May. He had a stake driven at the place, ac at that very spot the caterpillars first msc their appearance when they oame in number 1 have been credibly informed by another get tlemen that the moth has been seen and oi taken about the 7th of the present month, seemed very feeble and, though careful handled and and kept, it soon peria jed. The: can be no doubt of this circumstance, ss tl gentleman who took the moth was perfect familiar therewith and could not have, bet mistaken. This being the case, there ground to hope that our unusually cold wini will destroy, to a great degree, the cotton t sects. Let. me also state that the pro valoneo these insects in one season seems to have ? thing to do with their prevalence in anotbt They made their appearance earlier in 18 than o v ?r before or since, and the crops we Utterly eaten, and weeks earlier than they we in the season just past. But the crop of 18 was m nc. t earlier in its growth than those 1867 or 1888, and the season by no means wet. The croo was, therefore, tar better thi the crops of 1867 and 1868. I noticed last fall, before frost, the wea th being very warm at tho time, myriads of tl cotton worms, many of them full grown, peri? ing in the cotton alleys. W? had at the tu an intermission of the rainy weather, and t surfaoe of the earth was dry and very hot. took many of them in my hand and found th< entirely dead. It may thus happen, from one cause another, that when they come early and sti the plant of its fohage and destroy t supply of food, as well as shelter, those won die out in great numbers, both from want food and on account or the scorching rays the sun. Io 1616 the same thing occam The worms then filled np the wheel ruts in t roads and also the ditoh corners, and myrle died in the hot sand. Be this as it may, 1 fact is, their was norene seen in 1847, and escaped them for many years afterwards. lu the year 1860, the worms made their i pooranoo in mv crop late in September and ? me some injury. There was not one to heard of in any other direction around i Hy Crop differed from thone around me lo c material particular. It was utterly destroy by a very severe had storm OD the 27th daj May; it had to be planted all over, and th was not one original plant in ten thonsi that survived* It was therefore extrem backward and Buffered besides this so much after coming np from the "leaf bug," that it was truly problematical, up to tbo 8th of July, whether it conld make anything at all. The season, however, was good, and wheo the plant escaped it leaped into growth and fruited beyond all expecta? tion, produoing a crop which I think my fac? tor's booka will show was very nearly a bag to the hand. It was, however, far behind ethor crops in maturity, and tho orop of caterpillars, so to speak, though growing slowly 1rom the season being unpropitious to thom, had made at a late period sufficient headway to do me in? jury. My orop alone was found tn the condi? tion to sustain or grow them with facility. All others were far too mature. Mow, had tho season been such as to develope these worms early in the growth of tho plant, it could scarcely havo made ten pounds to the wholo crop, or, indeed a pod of cotton. An impor? tant reflection arises here, impressing us with the fact that late crops, though not really pro? ducing the worm, yot in reality may nurture hordes of the worms that would have otherwise periehed for want of food. It is true that great exciting causes might produce and develop them without the coincidence of a succulent crop to nourish them, but, being at first few in numbers, they would come on slowly, and, perchance, with a hot and dry summer tho first brood would not appear in the crops at all, and even with a wet August it could scarcely appear before Octo? ber-too late to do serious injury. Bear it m mind that these iusects are hatched and grown. The batching depends on the season; the growing on the crop os well as tho season. If the plant is very maturo when the worms aro first hatohed in any appreciable numbers, tbe brood ol caterpillars fails for want of proper nourishment. If, on the con? trary, the orop is in a favorable condition to feed the tender young worms in their differ? ent broods, the hatching, whatever it may be, is carried through the worm stato without ap? preciable diminution towards another brood, while under other circumstances there would have been a large diminution. Such a dimi? nution at tho first produces a very appreciable effect when the producing moths at the most are few, (but few having escaped the vicissi? tudes of the year.) When they become ex? ceedingly numerous, however, even though they should lose throe-fourths of eaoh brood, enough are still accumulated to destroy the crops. With the two past years wo have found it im Eossible to make our crops grow off. We have ad no spring, and just such seasons as our past experience would have warranted us in {trounounoing beforehand as best adapted to he production of tho worm. The statement about the eggs being found in the pith of the stalk is ridiculous and impossible, for the little moth that lays the egg is too feeble, and hos nothing wherewith to pierce the wood of the stalk. On the whole, it seems to me that, with va? ried seasons, timely planting, genial springs and well prepaied fields, we might reasonably expect a respite from the cotton worm, or, speaking more strictly, have no ground for supposme otherwise. Major John Jenkins, of Edisto, informs me that his cotton planted on what is known as salt or reclaimed marsh land entirely escaped the ravages of the worm, both in '67 and '68, the worms proving very destructive on the high lands immediately contiguous. This would seem to indicate the free use of salt as a preventative, hut whatever good easy be effected by suoh use, it should bo remem? bered that we cannot reach by an artificial supply of salt without destroying vegetation, such a sahne condition of the soil os that of the salt mush land, and thus, without consid? ering cost of a large application of salt, we must confess our incapacity to approximate to the properties of the salt marsh without res dering it unfit for all vegetation. I have observed myself the singular exemp? tion from the ravages of the worm experienced in '66, '67 and '68, in a cotton field diapoeod to rust. The soil of this field hos medium yel? low Bandy loam, having nodules of ferruginous bund scattered over the surface, mix-id \pirh tho soil. In 1866 there was no appearance of caterpillar at all in the part of this planted field. In 1867 one cocoon and one worm was alone seen. In 1868, tho whole field being planted, the worms did some slight damage, scarcely appreciable This field matures very early, and in ordinary seasons, without manure, would probably rust badly. In one instance, then, we have salt marsh lands exempted from injury for two years, when tbe fields around were ravaged by the worm. In another, in lands having iron largely incor? porated with it, the same entire exemption is afforded in two consecutive years, and very nearly the same in the third, whilst the other fields were eaten up. I think, however, I have known "salt land" ootton eaten, and so, also, that grown on land disposed to rust, but never to the same extent &s on other lauda. This artiole is a summary of the very beat in? formation I eau give upon this subject. 1 would be happy to answer any inquiry ia connection with this matter, and will thankfully receive information from any one who will communi? cate with me through THU NEWS office, or oth? erwise. 1 think it impossible to destroy those insects. There may be wholesome results reached by every effort towards promoting the early growth oi the plant. My advice is not to plant too soon, but simply in time. Cotton well put in, from the 1st to 15th of April, is abundantly in time. I have yet to learn any ad? vantage from earlier planting. JOHN W. R. POPE. P. 8.-I propose, at my leisure, to examine for your columns the following subjects: 1. The method of cultivating long cotton, and how far we may vary from the old approved plan with safety. 2. A careful review of every mercantile ma? nure sold in the United States; what oaoh ar? ticle promisos for itself; its constituent ele? ments; its relation to the constituents of plants cultivated, and its relation to the many home? made manures hitherto used with marked m?o cea s ; its price, and its relative economy in dis? tribution in the fields. 8. Pnoe of ootton, and its relative injury to {canters when compared with disaster arising rom natural cansos. 4. Wealth of planter and spinner compared: showing how the producer bas fallen short ol the manufacturer in profit. 5. The necessity of a cotton boord, one its organization. 6. Tue area of long ootton planted, and tbe necessary reduotion of orop of 1869, owing tc Slan tera being obliged to resort to the "two ay system'' for want of o api tal. 7. The necessity of the long ootton crop tc Charleston, &o? 8. The economy of growing grain orops am raising cattle in relation to price of ootton ac enabling the producer to hold against buyer equal, in some instances, to half a orop o ootton. 9. The growth of manufactures at the South arising from the necessity of investing, in some way, a small surplus of profits derived iron the raising of ootton. The cheaper the ra? material tbe greater the inducements to manu facture at home. ' I will, with pleasure, retiro from any one o these subjects should any other writer under take it. AFFAIRS IN TUM STATIC. Columbia. Columbia and Augusta Bail road stock sol* in Columbia at $10 per share on Wednesday. Arnon : tbe magistrates appointed on Wed nosdttv, by Governor Scott, were Mr. Augustin Bacon, of Greon ville, and lt. 0. Mc Mel lan, o Barnwell County. Generals Porter and Babcock,. of Genera Grant's staff, had an interview with Governc Scott on Wednesday, and expressed themsolvc highly pleased with tho condition of tbingi Booro tar y Car doxa and Senator Rainey wei ?resent during tho interview. The officer ?bit by the Charlotte train Wednesday ?itel moon. Darlington. The Democrat says: "On last Friday nigl to?me malicious person or persons removed i feast one-third of tbe flooring from the Swii Creek bridge on the Cash way road, and. hui six fences across the road at intervals, betwee the villase and Hood's Ridge, on Black Oreel Luckily the moon shone brightly, and the ol struotions were seen and removed before an damage was done. Had the hight been dari the result would have been mournful, aa tb rood is mach frequented, and the obstructer were of a very serious character. There some hope of discovering the perpetrators, an we hope they will get the moat ample punis! mont the law can inflict. Abbeville. Judge J. O. P. Vernon, of Sparianburg, bi boon holding court in Abbeville, for sever days, and states that the business was pr ceeded with quietly and orderly, und a com? plete clearance made of the jail-a number of oases being turned over to the magistrates. Judge V. says that the court room presented quito an ante-war, appearance ; the only mate? rial diffmmco being the number of colored persons among the spectators. Wade H. Jones, freedman, was convicted of rape at the spring term, 1808, of the Court of General Sessions for Abbeville. An appeal was taken, but the change in the organization of the Supreme Court prevented tho appeal being heard until December last. At the suggestion of the judge, the punishment has beon com? muted Dy Governor Scott to ono year's impris? onment in the penitentiary. Dallas Harleston, another freedman, who was convicted of mur? der at the same court, has also had his sen? tence commuted to one year's imprissnsnent at hard labor in the penitentiary. Sumter? The Watchman is urging the formation of a County Agricultural Society. The "Sumter Minstrels," composed entirely of gentlemen residing in Sumter, will appear next Wednesday evening in a series of songs, dances, instrumental music, &c, in aid of the Sumter Fire Engine Company to assist in pur? chasing ? new engino. Tho Watchman says : "For tho months of Beptomber, October, November and December last, Sumter shipped, from the Sumter Depot, between four and five thousand bales of cotton. Tbe greater portion of this was bought by our merchants, and goods furnished the sellers to the amount needod. If we take into account the cotton bought here and shipped from other stations on the road, the aggregate would probably not fall short of six thousand bales. This, at the avorago of ono hundred dollars por ba'o, which is probably within the figures, would amount to $600,000. A right clever little cotton business for Sumter for four months. Of this amount, Darlington, Kershaw, Clarendon aad Williamsburir fur? nished their portion, for the business of Sum? ter is gathering from these several districts." Newberry. Newberry is again moving to obtain tele? graphic facilities, and a meeting of the citi? zens was held last night to push the matter. The Herald says ; That Newberry will have a telegraph is certain, lt is a necessity, and one of tbose necessities which cannot bo put aside; the question only remains as to the time. Hie sooner tho better we say. Let us bave it at once. Many of our oitizens aro deep? ly interested in this matter, as are also a num? ber of influential gentlemen abroad, and a proper effort made now will place the idea be? yond speculation. Our trade demands it, our merchants need it, and Newberry will bo built up into an important city by it, which she is now in fact, but not in name. Tho citizens of the Town of Helena gave a christening frolic on Monday night last, the Dccasion being the erection of a new building: designed to be used as a co-operation stote. Ihe gentlemen of the railroad shops sent an angina and coach dowo to Newberry Court? house to carry the invited guests to the fes? tive scene, which consisted of a merry break? down on the light fantastio toe, followed by a nipper, which all passed off as merry as a mar? riage bell, terminating at a late hour in the night. Sparta, nbnrg. Tho Spartan, in noticing town improvements, says : S. T. Poinior, Esq., our excellent and very accommodating postmaster, has removed ais office as commissioner, magistrate and postmaster, to a central point-the basement of the Palmetto Ho uso-for the accommoda? tion of the public. This new and very hand - sonic establishment, for convenience and good taste-by a liberal expenditure of private means, places our postofflce second only, per? haps, to the post?nico in Charleston. Captain Bali, his very attentive and efficient assistant, alike with Mr. P., is entitled to the thanks of the public. Tho Spartan remarks : Cotton is king with us now-but we should be careful that its pre? sent high piice docs not create a mania, lt ia as subject to fall in its prioe. as lt is to rise. I^lsjr?^ffriMreti^ is necessary to sustain the ascendency "i* ..'Sr1 always had in European markets. Tbe more cotton we make, will curtail its production in foreign countries. When cotton is at a mode? rate price, no country can compete with these Southern States. But, with this great advan? tage, it is to be hoped that our good farmers will remember that they cannot makes good cotton crop without tho necessary provisions. It is feared by our m ?st sagacious and - trusty farmers, that too m ioh of the labor and of the best lands will be given to the cultivation of cotton to the exclusion of home and farming Eurposes. A deficiency of food for man and east in the cultivation of crops, enervates the mind-compels the premature sale of your cotton-the family and stock are pinched with short rations-the crib and meat-house be? comes empty, and everything beoomcs.diBjoint ed and tang led before the crop is half made. A man feels bad under these circumstances. But, worse than that, suppose cotton falls to one-half or one-third the present price ? You will have to hear the loss both ways-the fall in the prioe of cotton or tho rise in the price of provisions which you would be obliged to pur? chase. _ _ _ DIVORCES IJT THE WEST. A correspondent of the Chicago Ad van oe, in discussing the question of divorce and its evil results, claims that if the ability to again marry was removed, and a die ability made per? manent as to botb, there would be very few divorces. He adds ; Let us examine for one moment thc manner in which the law operates. A Mr. A sues for a divorce. Mrs. A does not appear, default is entered against her, tho case is sworn through, and bjth parties are turned loose upon society, with no better reason existing in many cases than "cold feet," or a desire which is expressed m Dryden's response to his wife, when she wished that she was a book, so that she might enjoy more of his company; "or be an alma? nac, that I oan change you every year." The following case lately came under my observa? tion : A young man married, and residing in one section of the country, removed to an? other, leaving his wife behind bim. While away, he proposed to a young lady and was bv her accepted, and the marriage day announced". He returned to his wife, spent a few weeks with her, and tenderly bade her adieu, sought the house of his expectant bride, and married her. A few weeks after the marriage he ob? tained a divorce from his absent wife, which, being discovered by the newly-made one, was made the occasion of a new marriage cere? mony, after which the now i epudiated hus? band went to the home of his divorced wife, who, ignorant of his conduct, still Uves with bim, while the other sought her redress in a court of equity. I think I hear some lawyers say that that could have been remedied by personal service of the notice. A friend of mine relates the following instance as illustrative of the frauds which may be practiced in this precaution, even: A poor, ignorant girl unfortunately married to a scoundrel, was served with a no? tice informing her that her husband would apply for a divorce for adultery-tho word adultery was "thumbed" in the reading. Too ignorant to demanda copy of the notice, or to seek legal counsel, she asked ber husband what it meant, ?nd rested satisfied with his assurance that lt wah nothing dis? honorable to her anyhow, until he order? ed ber to leave his house, assuring her that she was no longer his wife. "A mother, hut not a wife," means something not only to the ruined woman, but to tho divorced one also. Divorce laws are a bid to perjury, and a constant offer to both parties that they can marry again at pleasure; but with a deal more of "red tape" Iban ai> first, There ore not many instances of divorce in which the {ilamtin" or defondant have not found out that hey could not marry happier, and are only waiting for a decree of court to do so. A case somewhat notorious is reported as follows : A young man married a young woman, and after residing with her some tim? concluded that bo had made a mistake, and proposed another marriage. Having means, he sent his wife away on a visit, and while she was gone ob? tained a divorce. She carno back, only to find him tho husband of another. Oh 1 what triv? ial causes are alleged for the dissolution of an institution ordained by the Almighty a? the first important event after the creation I Tn FAULTS OF OTHBBS.-Mrs. G. N. Den? ning, Rochester, X. Y., writes : "* have used one of your machines fifteen months, audit has given perfect satisfaction. I find it very easy to operate, not liable to get out of order, ana capable of doing every variety of work: While it ie entirely free from many faults of other machines, snob as dropping stitches and drawing the soam."- ? Lotter to Willcox & Gibbs 8. M, Company, April % 1836. Siping. FOR LIVEHPOUL. THE NEW AND STRICTLY Al SPAN? ISH Ship PEDRO PLAN DOLT T. A MUR? GU.\L If aster, having two-thirds of her car? go engaged and going on board, will load with diapateh for the above port. For further Freight engagements, apply to W. P. H ATX, January 20 10 Brown St Oo.'s Wharf. FOR FREIGHT OR CHARTER. THK BRITISH BRIO WM. M. NASH, Mo i'm OF, Master ls now read v tor a voy? age to any port in tho West Indies. For particulars, apply to W. P. HALL, January 29 3 Brown St Co's Wharf. FOR BOSTON. THE FINE SCHOONER K VU WI CUL? LEN, Avis Mast r, having iwo-thlrds of ?her cargo ready to go on board, will ba dis ?patched for the above port For Freight of 200 bales Cotton, or its equivalent In bulk, apply to COURTENAY & TRENHOLM, January 26 mwfS Union Wharves. FOR NEW YORK-MERCHANTS' LINE. THE REGULAR FIR8T-CLA9S SCHOON? ER ROBERT CALDWELL, MOCORMAOK iMaater, having largo portion cargo engaged ?and going on board, wants a few hundred bales cotton or light freight to RU ap and sall prompt? ly. WILLIAM ROACH St CO. January 26 FOR LIVERPOOL. THE FIRST CLAS8 DANISH BARE ^KAMMA FONDER, KEOGH Master, having ?part of cargo engaged, will ha ve disptach. ? For Freight enyugoinente applv to WILLIS St CHISOLM, January 8 Imo North Atlantic Wharf. FOR. LIVERPOOL. THE FIRST CLASS BRITISH BARQUE *W. G. PUTNAM, RIOKABD Master, having ia large part of ber cargo engaged, will load .with dispatch. For balance freight engagements, apply to WILLIS St CHiSQLM, December 21 North Atlantic Wharf. FAST FREIGHT LINE TO AND FROM BALTIMORE, PHILADEL? PHIA, WASHINGTON CITY, WILMINGTON, DEL., CINCINNATI, OHIO. 8T. LOUIS, MO. AND OTHER NORTHWESTERN CITIES. THE FAVORITE AND 8WIF1 *P Screw Steamship SEA GULL, N. P. DUTTOK Commander, will sail for Baltimore on IUESDAY, the 2d of February, at Eleven o'clock A. M., from Pier No. 1, Union Wharves. PhUadelphia Freights delivered promptly via "Baltimore, Wilmington and Philadelphia Railroad." For Freight or passage, apply to COURTENAY A TRENHOLM, January 29 3 Union Wharves. FOR. LIVERPOOL. CHARLESTON AND LIVERPOOL STE^M^H|P LINE. ??j, THE FIP.ST-CLA8S IRO??K?C5EW ^8teami>hip GOLDEN H<JK . ?./. ^BLACBXIN Commander, is now rc??dy .to receive freight for tho ab^ve Port? For Freight engagementa apply to \rt ROBT. MURE St Cf m January 29_8_Boyce'? Wbarf DIRECT STEAM COMMUN ICATIO?BK" TWEEN CHARLESTON AND LIVERPuOE^ CHARLESTON AND LIVERPOOL STEAMSHIP LINE. -<T?K it THE FIRST CLASS AND POPU SBW^LAB Iron Steamship "(J )LDE 'HORN," HABBT C. MOBEATL? CO ?mander, is now on her passage this port from Liverpool direct, and i* uxpecte " arrive on or about the 16th instant, to sail h si\? Liverpool on first February. For Freight or Passage apply to ROBERT MURU St 0 January ll_Boyce's Wb FOR. NEW YORK. 5s A ; ;-kGifl KED&C^.JM?^ . THE STEAMSHIP ?ARAGOSSA, 'Captain C. ?tuEB, will leave Van "derborot's Wharf on THUOSDAY AF _DIEUKUON, February 4th, at Twelve o'clock M. RAVEN EL St CO., January 29_Agenta. TRAVELLERS PASSING THROUGH CHARLESTON EN ROUTE TO FLORIDA, AIKEN And other placea, should not fal to lay in their supplies of PROVIS . IONS, CLAREIS. CHAMPAGNES CORDIALS, BRANDIES, WHI8 KIES, WINES, CANNED MEATS, SOUPS, &o. Patea of WUd Game and Devilled Ham for Sand? wiches and Luncheons. 49-Send Xor a catalogue. WM. 8. CORWIN St CO., No. 276 King-street, Between Wentworth and Beaufain, Charleston, S. C. Branch of No. SOO Broadway, comer 20th street, New York._October28 PACIFIC MAIL STEAMSHIP COMFY'? THROrOH Lili ?i TO CALIFORNIA, CHINA AND JAPAN. FREIGHT AND PASSAGE AT GREATLY RM DU CED RATES I '-W-'?-W?A STEAMERS OF THE ABOVE 4&&&T%. Une leave Pier No. 42, North River, '^?'At?Mtj foot of Canal-street, New York, a t^SfeS??sBSL? 12 o'clock noon, of the 1st. 9th, lfltb and 24th of every month (except when tb uso date? fall on Sunday, then the Saturday preceding). Departure of 1st and 24th connect at Panama witt, steamers for South Pad tic and Central American ports. Those of let touch at Mansanillo. Departure of 9th ot each month connests with the new steam Une from Panama to Australia and New Zealand. Steamship JAPAN leaves San Francisco fer Chi? na and Japan February 4, 1869. No California ateamers touch at Havana, but go direct from New York to AapinwalL One hundred pounds baggage tree to each adult. Medicine and attendance free. For Passage rickets or further information a&p.W at the COMPANY'S TICKET OFFICE, on the whaif, foot of Canal-street, North River, New York. March 14_lyr_F. R. BABY, Agent. FOR BRUNSWICK, GA. - _ -JT*-b. THE STEAMER "DICTATOR, " Js^ShM^SLm Captain CHARLES WILLEY, will touch at trna point every Wednesday, leaving savannah at Nine A. M., and on her return trip will touch there on Saturday Afternoon, arriving back at Savannah on Sunday 'Morning. J. D. AIKEN St CO., November 24 Agenta. INLAND ROUTE. THROUGH: TICKETS TO FLORIDA. CHARLESION AND HAVANNAH STEAM PACKET LINE, VIA EDISTO, BEAUDORT AND HILTON HEAD, CONNIOTTNG WITH THE ATLANTIC AND GULF RAILROAD AND CONNECTIONS FOR ALL POINTS IN FLORIDA. THE FINE, FAST STEAMER PILOT BOY, Captain FINN PICK, will leave Charleston on KOMBAY and IHUBSDAT Moan IN os at Eight o'clock. Returning, will leave savannah TUJSBDAY MOBHING9 at Right o'olock, and FRIDAY ArraairooM at Two o'olock, touching %t t disto on TuoasDAT trip from Charleston, at ttleven A. 21., and leaving Edisto at Nine A. M , SATURDAYS, on re? turn trip. The steamer will touch at Bluffton and chi holm's, ouch way, every two weeks, commencing with trip of January 21st. For Freight or Passag? apply to JOHN FERGUSON, January ll_Accommadation Wharf. FOR GEORGETOWN, CH Kl! AW, BUCK'S LOWER MILL, ON THE WAC OAMAW RIVER, AND ALL LANDINGS ON THE FEEDER RIVER. THE STEAMER PLANTER: CAPT. C. C. WHIT?, is race vlng Freight at iunmodatlon wharf, and will leave on FRIDAY MOUSING, the 39th instant, at Keven o'olock. Apply? JOHN FERGUSON. January ag FOR PALATKA. PLOHtlM. VIA SAVANNAH, Wt>MN ANDIMA AND JACKSON VILLE. THE FIR?T-CA88 STRAMM?* DICTAI OR, Captain CHA?. Watti, from Charlee ton ?ver. tuesday Evening, at Eight o'clock, tor tbs above points. Tba first-class Steamer CITY POINT, Captain Wat. T. MCNELTY, wu! rad from Charleston every Satur? day Evening, at Eight o'clock, lor abov* pointa. Connecting with the Central Railroad at havannah for Mobile and New Orlean?, and with tua Florida Railroad at Fernandina for Cedar Key?, at which. Cl ?leam?rs connect with New Orleans, Mobile* ?cola. Kay West and H* vana. Through Billa Lading given for Fr ?darbt to Mobil?, Pensacola and New Orleans. Both steamers connecting with H. S. Bart's steam? ers Oclaxoaha and Origin for SUver Springs and Lakes,. Griffin, Euttis, Harris and Durham. All freight ??-yab?c ca tho ?hart. Good? not removed at sunset will be stared at rial, and exp? nae of own??. For Freight or Pa?e^jBU^ag*met t, apply to south Atlanfbfwbtft N. V.-No extra charge for Meals and stateroom* * Steamer OTty Point will touch at St, Mary'*, Ga o? going ?nd returning each week. November SI