Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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VOLUME YT.-NUMBER 851.] CHARLESTON, S. C., MONDAY MORNING, MAY li, 1868. [EIGHTEEN CENTS A WEEK mowuaiwt AND THE BALLOT. ^^^^TBJHi^^OS or TBS AVERY IN8TTTUTE, THURSDAY, MAY 7XH, 186% BY THE REV. DR. HICKS, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, Ber. ffc Hicks, c* beirtf mtrodttOed to tho .said: I esteem ayse?? happy in the line of honora bk Arty ?Mt p?ntege which yon hare kindly to?tked ont for me today. One older, wisen tad Inore familiar with your local atfa?rs ond tftneral progresa in tire static could easily haye been etreeted from the large circle of citi MBB, to address yon on this prophet io oeca .flon^bO^J; may be, allowed to say that I will MeM to no one in patriotic desire for your ed?r to?ttonal and re construction al welfare I dare not? hoverer, Batter mvtrelf that I haye boen chosen to stand before you because ^^aHfloationsjtor; . I represent-unworthily, in? deed-your true and tried friends of overy aec . Vofcne ?bis vast one ?rnntry-^oot in any par bean eense, but in tho hro&cC catholic, h?maiiG we? thai freedom waaia' netkittg if it uv not ' b*Red nrx)n and boobed about by intelligence. iron l^ttisrSj and, ming-'I ben compared to the"! cnranceimpdsesnpon -", and tsmftde^t??llyi. ?"ou 1 not be disappointed if I ask yob to consid ferthia ooc&sron trot on? merely for congratu Ubon-tne ctasapes* and most- worthless in ywloaortM^viireH-'bntasa event, big with promise, indicating the true lino of : and only me-. -..a um inned consideration af the situation anti the oat wok! AD may not readily perceive roch matters to oe bound up Or unfolded in the building and dedication of a school house. All pensons may oot at once attain to tor i^^han?ion of ite ttuT.oyKri^fm^itf mceptian, mit? ita marvelous - to human society, may be said to be tho history of school honses truly told ! i are. the mifwoTiariea Of , free fca _[indiscriminate bombshell into society, Cor it would be a shot at random. U u imposable, therefore, to oyei this institution in its legitimate workings- nor can we enough admire the fair and patient ophite who, with intuitive tact, indomitable perseverance, admirable leaning, prophetto . vision, and our own mother's gentleness '.i Stand pledged to keep it in working order, and representative government, the best polity in the world, presupposes popular education. Ita parnianarKy dep^to^uj?n what it presnp *QorSIA'S representative government, and we therefore, as upholders and members of the ?ame, are taken to be an educated people. Bat, if we are ignorant, and are satisfied to remain !?ds4HM*abMl-l?? and m? are a positive danger-to the government, a frightful weight which will ' so effectually burdenda nd harass the public po? lity of the country, as to either disband and .destay.it. outright, ox.reoder it impracticable aira Inoperative. ion is the cohesive power. ... , i majorities must be intolerant, and,' will swamp popular government anywhere. Two dangers, therefore, always menace such ? government as oars, which aro held in abey? ance, or rendered entirely harmless, by the stubborn presence of the schoolhouse : " tBr^^mm?cal to the general welfare of the The importance of thu statement will be a Boen, if we consider the nature of representative t gorernment, the essence of the kind of govern- t ment ander which we live. The, ablest, pohtical economist of to-day, in a nobie treatise upon popular government,' Bays that the "superiority of representative govern? ment rests opcotwp pxjnciriejLf c? asjuiiversal truth and appUcabflity OH any I tions whichroan be laid down man affairs. Xhe ?rst is, that tho rights and interests of every or any person are" only secare from be-" ing disreeaxded when the persoD interested is himself able and habittaliy dispos od to stand np for them. The second is, that the general prosperity r{~ attains srjpoater height, and ,?B more widely difrasedt^tt proportion to the amount ana variety ox the personal energies enlisted in promoting ia, "ler words-that each man is the only and safe guardian of his own rights, ? auu that no maa can claim as personal rights . -, .things which conflict with and prevent the general welfare of the whole community, of which he is an integral part; If one member suffer, all the members roller with it, and if oas be elevated all are elevated with him-for 1 we are all members one of another. . . - ^ 1 If this position be well taken, it is not diffi- a cult te seethe intimate relation, existing bjK*. tween general education . ind popular govern? ment, indeed, it cano?^b? thought too strong a conclusion vnf?mlTwff? mdmdual or na? tional, can b^T-mamtam?d long where the iftbemass The history of every civilized people un mbte?ayrshpwi that the rights of citizenship jverjt?^been preserved in the roi dst of the mof^Kytfanedncatfld. It te a rjopTdar resort of the politician to im? ane himself in the grand times of antiquity ?mises of the free by dis not learnedly, of ancient such a poetic elevation he glorious fourth, flhoat m longer than the arm of ?rr-could protect and de ttnlng masses outeide the |oiS^^ hp security to governments, no individual righte, no large, true "bven.the. ofiher upon; uum ,uu wasv af ; and hence all re _L , The schoolhouse cation would at once and detenceof -popu? lar government. Every attempt to establish liberty for an un . i'n'?WM9nj^ people has ingloriously failed, and .e^ry aitemp? must fail, to tbe end bf time. What a sm all minority of wise and faithful citi? zens might desire to promote and perpetuate, the great resistless mass of in cohesive, un? controlled and uncontrollable equal citizens, steeped in ignorance, will always bear down Look at France I - > i ?.. tflhe bas not been without her patriots, who .'"^'^ms?hlahjy have^bestowed their lives to give to the whole nation republican freedom. Who can compute the wealth of life and treas ure which have been lavishly poured forth for this divine aim ? But with what result? Is France free? . Has she ever been free? . Can she be free? I answer, never so long as 12.000,000 of her people are unable to read and write. The whole people must go ap together. . . Education mu?t bo universal and ignorance sectional, before France can be free. She i" -.' . must baud schools^ she mast compel her mass? es to attend them, which she can easily do by making them free; she must unfetter her press, , and.then the star of hope would shoot to its ? zenith. ' One of her own eloquent sons eave : "Twelve I raillions of oar fellow-citizens, entitled to vote and to decide the common destiny, are still ig? norant of the first rudiments of reading and ' :How can France be free so long as you have to drag this dead weight; to apprehend the explosion of these embittered and dis content? ed olas sea?" Never, Never! And, my countrymen; let ns not sneer at universal history and universal law. Let ns [ not seek to stand where all mankind hi 'fallon? If we go forth to contend against Goliath, na not forget our slings and the smooth's toi from tho brook. " ' ,, Freedom has requirements-thought, kn?i edge, that flaws maj- bo made and laws ina tuned, rights awarded and rights protect, the inch vidual made, capable and a pillar of 1 (Mvernmtot, and the government made guard and promote the general interests ot t whole! , . ... . I assert ?b?l the want of education-the ] {.Ular ecnool-is the true epitaph to read 01 he fallen republics of the world. And, if thia American republio goes down the shades-to keep company with the pre? dents in ancient and modern times-1-? will for the selfsame refteoni., WliatlSUBTlmerican liberty r will then asked. Some will answer Too much ari al cracy. Others, too muon democracy. Othc still, too much suffrage; and still others, t much law. But, my friends, the true answer will ?be which, God forbid, shall ever need to be said too much ignorance. AH tither cbBbrdsrs a emboweled in this brie; Thin is the rotten da which will poison everybody, pbysioal.or polii cal, in which it lodges. This is the dead-rot national existence under republican forms government. This is the natural enemy y our. liberties and your schoolhouses: Yr will not need to "become pplitibiausi td fight ii biguo'with fatHgar>, MrtaesS with rotte] ?e?a, andt meatiness with meanness, but ye will fiad it important,' yea, absolutely nece aary, to become educated, that you may fin fully understand the situation and your poa tion in it, and then to act your part wisely an tren, fcjr? '~K'?>- . ?'.k . I have thus taken the liBerty io speak plain word, tm st?vital ft p^ml lad I have doo s?,?r]r two" reasob?: First. Because' your position and circuir stances are entirely new to you, and to th whole country. Yours is a situation, wnw tho Constitution of the United States, prior b the election of that princely American, Ahn ham Lincoln, to the Chief Magistracy, did nc so much as contemplate in the light of a posai biUty-a situation, which & few years eine you, yourselves,leonid not have seriously an tlcipat?d-a- situation tor ' which you har made no preparation; the necessary qualifies taons to enjoy and employ, which the laws o South Carolina took no notice, and made m provisions-a situation requiring at the start if not experience, a good degree of culture o mind and life. If it his' iW blessings, high ennobling and .priceless blessings and privi legeerlfrhs??lTO correy which by lack ?T application upon y our part, may sud der dy rain curses upon your head, more blight Lng and indiscriminate than the dreaded cat? erpillar, which, like the destroying angel ii Egypt, lays affluence and hope in the dust, ir i single night.' The delicacy of ibis elevation to which yon have.been oronght is heightened by the sheri but fearful history of it, and a single glance at tho first means by which il ia maintained. It would be unjust to the country-to j you, to your former masters and rulers, and to my? self-were we not to consider that your eman upation and elevation to citizenship was an ?vent of fearful violence and sudden result. . This fact, I say,, adda to th? precariousness if your present status. Had there been a gradual approach by peace? ful laws, and industrial and intellectual acti dtiefl-running, say through a series of years, he dangers of the present novelty' would be noomparably less than they now fire. Public sentiment would have grown, and, by t well-known universal law, Boon have accus? tomed itself to the improvement. Now, public ip inion is the one great mountain to be re noved-an opinion which has outlived the weary marches of the terrible war, and has arisen from the ainflagration, all the stouter ind more determined for the flames and the ?-rial. : Thia public sentiment ia not a thing to day "punch and judy" with; but it is some? thing to conciliate and overcome-to educate ind train-to coni roi and win. i Jt can never be done by violence in a free ?untry. Call it unlawful if you will because it t confronts jon and hurls its feeble challenge n your teeth-yet it should be remembered hak bot now it .was law itself, and oonstitu ional law at that. It is your mission,, to save this sentiment, on vert it, and make it loyal to your rights, .nd not because you are able, thrust it down o grovel in hum ?hating dust, whence you havo ?ut escaped. T J But men tell you it is a hopeless task which ! advise. Is it? Yon know better. Such ad isers, I may be allowed to prophecy, will ai raya be those who would have you gain Ho? bing by your elevation, and themselves lose iothing by your fall. Those who are so well [escribed Dy ' yourselves as "carpet-baggers,"' rhose occupation 1B spoils: "Bun rogues, who affect the politician's part; And learn toned, and smile and shrug with art; Who nothing have to lose, and. heneo the war be? wail. And who, nothing have to pay, at taxes rail. " They will talk learnedly and with affecting prac* of your former ills and your pr?sent tower. But heed them not. You are making tew b is tory-h a ve a care that it may never need o be ashamed of itself. Every sentiment which stands against your cst lights and your constitutional privileges rill nestle in your, friendship in duo course if ?ou undertake the work of winning it. * n \t1Z . ' * * . * That yon "re of my mind I am convinced; mt allow me to point out to you that here it. ?comes you to stand firm against invasion,' igairist flank movements on the part of wily loliticians, against false brethren, against sap: >ora and miners, and all conceivable enemies rho would urge you to drift away and render inpassable the gulf between you and all o pp?s ling political sentiment, which may Ho in the ireasts of your former masters and em> ?loyers. Second. The chief reason for this will be seen ' rh en I direct your minds to the first and iresent means by which you are upheld and ruatained in your new experience. The power that sustains you, and that haB itood between you and difficulty from the close if the war until now, is the power of th? mili ary-otherwise known as the Freedmen's Bu eau. The exigency which called for this inter eniug power, representing the central go vern nest, was composed as much of your inability 0 comprehend and employ your new liberty as if the menace and opposition of your former ?mers and rulers. lt was a condition ol things which called for 1 strong arm of protection-a double pro tec ion-from yourselves and others. You were lomeless, houseless,, landless and penniless. Ton had nothing but freedom, wbich, however Doportant in ita place, could not na your inngry mouths and clothe.'your destitute amin?s.v Hence the bureau. But the bureau ja transient passenger; some affirm that he 3 an expensive and luxurious, if not usurious ii?. Eut at any.rate be will shortly pack up nrLgo home. Toa will scon be left to depend fi your own resources entirely, and you be compelled to exert your manly powers ar, a. subsistence in the very heart of senti aents altogether opposed to you politically. Now, then, self-interest will prompt yon to ultivate friendly relations with your neighbors, nd he more the good, studious, industrious itizen, quietly attending to all your duties as ooh; than political partisans, following indis reet leaders, white and black, on the trail of ubiie power. The man, not the politician. The citizen, not the partisan. The American, not tho nigger. The domiciled neighbor, not the predatory ois chief-maker. The indue trions, honorable, economical pa riot, not the idle street loafer, who, having no isible means of support, takes to preying upon be resources of the country he disgraces. Let these be your watchwords: Build chools, not polities. Form your children into ? ine, and march them to the halls of learning, nd let public political improvement, byway of '' Station, alone. By BO doing you will accora- ; ih two things. ' j / ; ; 1. You will overe?me all opposition, or at east the most formidable part of it. 2. You will preparo your children for a just pplication of citizenship, and .leave them,, onstituentsof the State, on whose progressive Hardiness the State will look with pride. > But not only will you shortly bo left. to de- ] >end upon your own resources, but it is not i jossible that you can long hold the balance of t rawer. Or rather you must not hope to be in fie majority long as a class. The disabilities wbich rest on thousands of ' ?.our white brethren, because of their oartici jation in the rebellion, will not alway? weigh I .hem down. They will be removed, and all the now dis iranchiBed will regain their forfeited rights un- ; 1er the constitution, and will again, at the austings and at tho polis, employ them. Their experienco, and knowledge, and en? i duran?e, and fertility will be more than a match for your inexperience and i-oftiparativo ineffi? ciency, and yon will be placed in tbe minority/ Ton will monopolize the work and the indas trios Of tho Community, while they wfll obtain ascendancy in the ^ministration of publie af faifSt NoW; if th&prophecy sixii??f y6fl tis wbfthy of attention, it presents- another reason why gb^^fe?^^^/to^^^M^ be very slow to unworthy and nnpr?ncip?ed iri?n , wit h' teem en dous emphasis, the right to speak and act for you. My second reason for such plainness " is tha? I have a profound respect for - your unmistakable I have no office grind," no seer et motive to advise you . to your interests, viewed from a pure i anthropic stand-point. lam nota partisan with those who oppose your political aspirations, but am > member of the mass of progress, and aa a Betrabhcan have ney er Wen held at a discount, except bv bitter ??^ehirate ?n9 ? fe* ifnported effice-seeaers in South Oarolln?i II believe that popular education id tho country north of ns emancipated tho slaves, believe that the majestic public sentiment which wrote the proclamation of freedom was tho bhila bf the eftooihbuee; And I believe that that which forma the basis ot liberty is also its natural protector, and do, therefore, most emphatically affirm that your new rights are safe only when they are anchored here. lam proud te be permitted to stand within these walls-reared on this very idea of mine and devoted to its vindication-to tell you th?se things, and to beseech yon to hold every? thing te this life of a political character subordi? nate to the power which education gives td tbe man to discern.-the meaning of things and their proper appreciation. Thus i have tried, in simple phrases, rather than by comprehensive terms and close reason? ing, to show that the ability and disposition to appreciate and maintain one's rights depend not upon mere political tricks but education. Let tto proceed, in like manner, to illustrate the second proposition-that the general pros? perity attains-a greater height, and is more widely diffused, in- proportion to the amount ind variety of personal energies enlisted in ' Generaf prosperity must decide all questions. No mah' can claim that as a right which in erf eres with the commonwealth. To have general prosperity, th sn, there must se individual excellence And personal activity. Bat these are brought into existence and are ipplied by education ; so that here, as in our irevious argument, education stands first and todamente!. ?" But wbat is general prosperity ? It is that state of comfort afforded to the ?hole people in common, which, in so many arts of the world, is the monopoly of a few fa rored ones. Health is good for the individual ; it is also equally a benefit to the community. Industry is good for the individual ; it is ilso oquatiy important to the community. (^mrnorcialprospority is good for tte indi ridual ; it ia equally beneficial to tho commu .Some comforts and wealth are of unspeaka? ble worth to the individual; they are Of equal TOrth to the community. ? Morality is essential to the happiness of the ndividual; it occupies tho same relation to ao :iety, And we might increase the hat of in? gredients, almost without cud, which enter nto tile comprehensive thing-general pros ?erity. Now, every man is bound to live and labor o promote this happy and desirable state. The neater ability he displays for himself, the core does he add to the common stock. His rorth is thus exactly measured. Each man ian measure himself. Each man can take the timeueions of his neighbor. ? What I desire to establish ia, that all these lungs which I have enumerated-with their ggregate result of blessing-depend on edu ation. By educating the individual mau, you edu ato the community. Every person is so onnd np with the whole people tbat they inst feel his weal or bis woe. No man Uves ohimself. 1. I remark, first-that the general prosperi y is secured and heightened by tbe education 1, the individual-by so much as such educa ion discovers'to bim his physical nature, and be means of ita development and preserva Ion?; '. .' ' If ignorance has swamped republics--or rhicb' no man' doubts-the same disease has hortened and crippled the life af man, until, Ike; . the early dow, ho disappears before the un reaches the meridian. ' The subject of physical education, should be inmediately and with a b rb ty, simple and ox t ans ti ve, brought te your notice as a people, ts. importance every one muet see. It is a ruth which no one can gainsay, that the high? st and happiest condition of which wo are r apable, cannot be realized until we learn the s rt of life itself. The o ice ss to which ignorant c inman nature is prone prevents development, j .lunts the sensibilities, renders life in all its sa- v red relations a burden,and blights it forever 0 its mere 'budding; - I My friends, the fearful truth, that hundreds a nd thousands of freedmen are perishing pre-' c aaturely, even under the very protection and ,nlivening fact of liberty, is one that requires | p erious consideration... I e Indolence, ignorance, vice,: intemperance, obacco, and illicit promiscuous commerce I t mong sexes, ore more to be dreaded and fear- | f d in these lands. than war, pestilence or fam ae,oraU?ombinedV> J ? ?.'V*]'**-' ? 1 , It was one of the cbiof, evils of slavery that i hese , things were particularly fostered by it, e nd those, its fell.curses, it has left to eat out t emaining Ufo. and mortgage freedom ito the c l?lf of its. wealth,.:' . " ' r It-is'not my province,-in thiB address, to i reat upon the laws of health. I km here to ilead for popular education-which: shall do 1 he. work-and heighten general welfare, by t reproving the physical man, making procrea- 1 ion - a blessing, establishing and protecting a he sacredness of the marriage relation and s Lome blessings, and so leading the various r mergies of the physical life m the path of pro- t presB, that from the lowest strata of society up. t brough all gradations to the topmost, lifo c hall be desirable for what is as well as for c rhas it brings, and men shall live to work nore than work to Uve. Education will do 1 his, and by so doing will largely contribute to l he generaf prosperity. 2. I remark secondly, that the general pros lerity is secured and "heightened-in the edu? ction of the individual-by so muoh as snob I i ducation contributes to the productiveness of | t abor. The question here opened up is also one of he most important questions affecting the topulations of the States. Labor, in a free Hate, increases in value as the laborer in reases in intelligence. The one is the cri erion of the other. The hoe is a good and aluable instrument, but it is an ignorant ?lan te r's weapon, where he substitutes it for a ?lough or cultivator, which he cannot use, be ause Sambo hasn't brains enough to guide it. And so it came to pass that there was mighty ittlo difference between the two machines-th? lull slave and the sharp hoe. But education pens un the lines of communication between he head and the hand, and skill soon learns he deepest secrets of nature and chops logic ucceaafully with adverse circumstances, con rary forces, and unfriendly currents. It is not unreasonable to say, that if educa jon shall be allowed foll sway here, many years rill not pass away before un weil dy plantations, iroducing scanty returns for Immense but in Uscrimi:nate outlay, will, under skilled cult i va ion and the magio influence of intelligent na? ive industry, yield a thousand fold in the lap >f.commerc?. , 'And not only in the department of agricul ure. will this result be reached, but in all the rades and industries of city and country Ufo. Dbe mechanic arts will thrive with new mo ives.and impulses. The mineral and other re? sources of nature's bounteous acres will unfold lt man's bidding. The streams of water, now lazily meandering then- winding course from the ailis to the Bea, will invite the rumble and busy bum of manufactories, and will submit to be .exed . by now agitations without complaint, ind by- ripple, cascade and ceaseless plash, nusically applaud the achievements of labor nader the guiding genius of popular educa ion.. ... Every branch of commerce, now languishing viii pluck courage, and banks with solid capital viii teU the rich returns. It bas been truly said that "intelligence ia :he great money-maker, not by extortion, but by production." "There are ten thousand things in every de? partment of life which, if done m season, can be done in a minute, bnt which, If not season? ably done, wfll require length of time for their performance. "An awakened mind will seize the juncture; the perceptions of the slugs Will come too late, if they come at all." Tbd ?ame author beautifnUv and tm' "A general culturo of the faculties als versatility of talent, so that if the ons ttamess of the' laborer is euperoeded prove?rrerjt6, he can readily betake hin another kind of employment. But an tfhoultivated mind is like an a ton, which can do only the thing for wi wheels or springs were made. Brute fo pends itself unproductively* ft is ferrer an t of the manner in which : wirr4s j arri notice ic cannot avail itself mighty atf entiW/ Often, indeed, it atl to oppose Nature. It throws itself across 1>Q9 tfaek whe resistless caris moving. But knowledge enables its possessor ploy ber agencies in hie own service, i there W wains an amount of power, w fee or reward, wrneb thousands of slaves not give. . Thus, my countrymen, eddcatten, as ] in the measure of meal, is to work Tm whole is leavened. . . I do not bid you look for all the perfect Art, education and science at once, or wi imitftf?se labor and application on your You, ia embow with all mankind, must and wait. This is tow work. It is an fa man's employment, nacl be who adhere; does more in a lif?time for the general pen ty and permanent good of thc comm than all the schemes of all the politicians hatti ever inflicted their, presence upoi world. But we are on!? OB threshold. It though a great wreck-the wreck of ap -had occurred. Confusion-eoaoe-dcb everywhere; order nowhere. We mdst t ap. We must right up the endangered pia We mnst clear out the hindrances. Beiz things that's nearest and put it aside. "Gi ap the stones." Olear the. field, and i ready for the Bowing. Throw aside tho pcliticiaHfl with j schemes for setf-aggrancfazememV Like Jonah, they are-some of them-fie Crom -the Lord; or from justice, which ii jame thing. Over with, them, and < schemes perish with them. . - gtop spending your scanty cash to buy v m election days, and put it in a sohoolh -like thia* It will prove productive; ai res tm enc that w?l pty more ; than WelUet Der cent, interest. j 3. I remark, thirdly; that the general p peri ty is secured and heightened ic tile edi ion of tiie indi vid ual-by so much as such < sation contributes to the removal of paupei md the prevention of crime. Slavery must have been a heavy burden, >n the. master who maintained his manly mises as welt aa cm the' poor slave. Nb sount of pauperism that the world has ? leen can, we think, compare with the rec xf slavery. lean believe every gentleman when he.I ne that he ie glad slavery is gone fore1 Vndif the emancipated can.rejoice and be g n Bis liberty; the late master ought to pose neater* . joy. A' man with a conscience li br better purposes than to.'swear by, co lave little comfort unmixed with anxiety.' * me hundred "serais on his premises, liable linease and all the ills of life, dependent U] lim for all, aa master and lora. Now -elation is changed, but only slightly tho c litton. ' * Under the old order of tb inge, ignorance veil enough in the servant, for he could I lid roll his responw' 'Uties and burdens on I naster. And justly ao. Now, it comee very handy to roll his resp ibility and earea on his new master, the Era neu's Bureau, and it isn't just the best thi odo. Pauperism is encouraged, And all stimul s destroyed where props outstay their vii tecessity. Freedom means self-dependence, roll as Belf-possessioq. Bnt bow shall this condition be taken awe Viii you tell that helpless man yonder to n the fields and work 7 How will be go ? W fill employ him and pay him ? What's the remedy ? If here is none. He > pauper and can't help it. But if educati rere as popular as pauperism, pauperic rouldn't have a foot to stand on. There won ie more ways than one-namely, hoeing cott md corn for tbe helpless and unfortuate ci en. ' ? " i Bot you shall see a change soon! Fr chook) will bridge tbe rivers, tunnel the mon oins, build railroads, fell the forests, make tl losom of nature disgorge ber phosphates ai oinerols, erect factories and iron mills, ai alk aloud to every breeze by the flappings our multiplied commercial fleets.' And wt ball execute the decrees? Your pan pen ran ci ful, say you? Not?t all. These tb int re chronic matters in the country north of u. The effect will be just os salutary on erina ?he .proverbial thief will bo too busy at h Egirirnate work to pay attention to the paltr laims of thieving. A busy mind, a busy will, a busy body iot in ocher men's matters, but La MB COI dence-busy: eyes and busy hands, a bus] iwn business, will be safe to let alone, on our chickens will come home to roost, and yo ront bo disturbed at midnight. The crimes of men are the natural out Towthe of ignorance. Nothing mars the peso nd harmony of the State more than careless tess. But let education become universal nd you immediately put men's passions ii KMsession of reason, which is enlightened am ixponded by education. Tbe whole nature becomes obedient to thi .est laws, and virtue is sought and practicer or the immediate benefits it confers. Education can have no : other tendency .hus wo have indicated to us not only th< neons of prosperity, but the means also o: afcty to tho State-universal intelligence. Ol he other bond, in the midst of so muoh con leded ignorance, I may be allowed to exprese ay anxiety, lest yon fau into the common ruin nd state of mere political machines. All the suffrage that yon can employ-all the lallots you can cast m the great elections ol he present-will be of short influence and ol irttle worth as such. Men and communities ire constantly moving. There is no standing till. Your future no more depends on your ight to vote than it depends upon tho incantat? ions of a sorcerer. It depends upon your educa ion. Get education for yourselves and your hildren, and your right to vote will take care if itself. And thus your best dreams will be realized, tour future will be a fall and happy record ol lonorable progress. The ages to come will ook back to these days and applaud your ntriotism and wise beginnings, as we now ook back and venerate and honor those bunders of republican government, who, in he storm of opposition which assailed them, tept on, and left to na a government under vhoso benign and protecting grace mankind tan progress to the highest happiness they are capable of. 1 have purposely refrained from directing four minds to the influence of education on morals and religion. Nor have I, for a mom CD t, uglied the question of the practicability of iniversal education in a land like ours. Tho limits assigned me forbid a more labored and engthened discussion. But if you accept ?vb at has been said, the rest will follow alter. It s sincerely hoped that what bas boen said will n'eet your views of duty and responsibility. [ feel the gravity and importance of this hour, md turn with hope and pride to view this noble structure-this foundation of power. It is ndtb indescribable feelings-feelings of patriot sm, of veneration and of hope-that I dedicate it to the greatest work-to the greatest ivor th, in the midst of the greatest need-the ivork and worth of ?ducation. I dedicate it to the work of building and pre? serving the State, by training the youth there )f in the fact and possibilities of freedom. Hay his place be accounted the lowest who moll wrest it from its true plane, and convert its beautiful and spacious bolls to base and unworthy aims. My friends, I shall go down to the silence uid peaceful rest of the grave a disapoointod nan if I do not see yon rise in your might, and, to the full extent of your numbers, in? stitute, multiply and sustain throughout the State such schools as this. To do so will be to recognize and appreciate the novelty and danger of your present posi? tion, and guard against all surprise. And the day will never come when you will sot know your duty and your rights, and know? ing dare maintain. Wealth and domestic hap Sinesa will flourish in your homeB, and shower alights at your very doors. Peace aud harmony will regale yon with di? vinest music. Honor and fame, in honorable pursuit, will beckon your children to their high places, and press their heads with brighter diadems than aver decked a monarch's brow. Art, science, literature, religion, will vie in blessing yon, and, combined, will maka your elevation perfect and sec ure. Allow mo, therefore, to exhort you finally, in -tbe beautiful language of one who labored in life in tho noble field of education-"Go on, th erl, with a Lau dable ambition and an unyield? ing pexseYerance in the path that leads to hon? or and renown*. "Go gather laurels on the hill of science; lin? ger among her unfading beauties: drink deep of her crystal fountain; become learned and virtuous, and you will be great; lore God and serve Him, and you wiD be nappy." Spcrinl Uotiffs. CITY HALL, HIT 1, 1868.-In compliance with in? structions received at this office, the City Assessor would can the attention of sn concerned to the fol? lowing named branches ot business in which the tax of three-quarters of coe per cent must be paid. On aB sales by, Bakers, Butchers, Hucksters, and by dealers in Bios, Lumber, Hay, Grain and ?Uval Stores.. '? Eotuxn? for the above and payment of the tax wfll bo required* from January L 1868. w. K. HUGHES, May f_15 _City Assessor. 49- CTBCULAH.-TO THE LADIES OF TWP. VARIOUS CHTTBCHES IN TBS CITY OF CHARLESTON.-We, the Officers and Members ot the Young Hen's Christian Associa ti on of Charles? ton, would take thia method of respectfully appeal? ing io you for assistance. We propose holding A FLORAL FESTIVAL OR FATS, during the latter part of the coming month of Hay, hoping we may thereby realize a sufficient amount to enable us to continue curring the present year the various religious and charitable warks which we have commenced, and thus far carried on with great success, but which wc must necessarily but reluc? tantly abandon, unless we derive aid from some source. The pianola Festival or Fair, during the season of flowers, has suggested itself to our minds, and we feel assured tint lt only requires your aas|e tance to make it a complete success. . We propose that the ladies of each church prepare one tobie or booth, supplying the same with such ar? ticles fcr salsas their own good Judgment may sug? gest, believing that a generous emulation thus en? gendered, as to which shall best succeed, will, when aliare combined to one collectim, -present a most elegant and complete display; and, furthermore, that each table remain under the control of the ladies who prepared lt, in order that at the close of the Fair it may be seen which h se succeeded best in the enter? prise, and thereLy contributed the largest amount towards the cause in which we are all so interested. We, therefore, respectfully call upon the ladies composing the various congregations of an evangeli? cal denominations in this city, to combine among themselves, and commence st once the preparation of such articles aa their own fancy and judgment may dictate. Let all assist, the humblest as well as the wealthiest, and with united energies carry out this work. The members of the Association will, one and all, cheerfully perform all and every labor that may be required ot them, and will hold themselves always in readiness to obey every requos . Those ladles who are willing to assist us are re? quested to meet every Friday Afternoon at Five o'clock, In the rooms of the Association (in King street, over Messrs. FOOABTXE & STILLMAN'S Store), to confer with each other and the officers of the As? sociation, and perfect such arrangements as may be? come necessary in carrying out the plan suggested to a successful termin?t!ev. By order of the Association. J. E. FOGABTIE, April 31_Secretary Y. M. 0. A. ta- NOTIOE.-ON A FINAL ADJUSTMENT of the affaira of the late co-partnership of CRAIG, TOOMEY k CO* it was agreed that all the outstand? ing debts dus the Concern should be paid to the subscriber, who is alone authorized to rc c ci p t for the same. AU persons indebted to said Concern, by note or otherwise, will make-payment to JOHN TOOMEY, S6 East Bay, April 8 Corner Auger's South Wharf. JWFALLACTES OF THE FACULTY_THE stomach ls the ruling organ of the system. If the liges tic n. is imperfect, every member, every gland, avery muscle, every nerve and flore ls moro or less out of order. AB the fluids are depraved. The brain ls clouded. The spirits are depressed. All dyspep? tics know this to be the truth. It is rot, however, hau* the truth. Columns would be required to enu? merate the pains and penalties of dyspepsia, nor could any pen do them justice. Tens of thousands 'eel them; no man can describe them. Can they be prevented? Can they be relieved? Oan they be banished at once and forever? CK J?XSTIOKAHLT XHXT GAM. No dyspeptic has ever taken HOSTETTER'S STOMACH BITTERS in vain Believe no ono who rays the complaint ia incurable, rbis great vegetable stomachic will eradicate it-is eradicating lt in thousands of cases over which med? ical practitioners hayo (haken their heads ominious ly, saying, "Nothing can be done." Tho faculty has Its fallacies. One of them ls that Indigestion is the most difficult of all the ordinary ailments of mankind to combat and subdue. This ls a mistake. Bothing can be easier than to con luerit if tbe true specific be administered. This vegetable combination, which has become famous throughout the civilized world as HOSTETTER'S STOMACH BICTEBS, ls an antidote to the disease which has never been known to fail, and fortunately lt is everywhere procurable. If you wish to fool wltb the dyspepsia, try the pharmacopoeia prescrip? tions. If you want to root it out and prevent its recurrence, take the Bitters daily. There is no dis? count on the testimony in its favor, if there is a nun or woman who has ever tried it for indigestion without being benofltted, the tact has not transpired. Universal, uncontrsdioted praise avouches its won? derful tonic virtues._6_May 9 ?. THE GREAT PRESERVEE OF HEALTH. -TABBANT'S EFFERVESCENT SELT? ZER APEBIENT can always be relied upon aa a pleasant, mild, speedy and positive cure In all caves of Costiveness, Dyspepsia, Heartburn, Siek Head? ache, Indigestion, Sour Stomach. Liver Complaint. Biliousness, Flatulency, Fullness of Blood, and au Inflama to ry Complaints where a gentle cooling ca? thartic is required; so says the Chemist, so says the Physician, so says the great American Public of the Nineteenth Century. Heed ye them, and be not without a bottle in the house. Before life is imperilled, deal judiciously with the symptoms ; remember that the slight Internal disorders of to-day may become an obstinate incura? ble disease to-morrow. Manufactured only by the sole proprietors, TAB BANT & CO., Wholesale Druggists, No. 378 Green? wich and No. 100 Warren streets New York. Sold by all Druggists. February 22_[octal] _tao ?S- INFANTS DO NOT OBY WITHOUT A CAUSE.-By an interesting practical application of chemical laws to the kernels of wheat and barley, a nutriment is produced and perfected that sets in operation the natural laws of digestion and assimila? tion in the most inactive, Indolent and tender stomach. If your infant suffers from insufficient breast milk, give lt COMSTOOK'S RATIONAL FOOD. G. W. COMSTOCK, 61 Courtlandt st., N. Y. Fbr sale by DOWIE k MOISE, Agents, May 6 wfm6 Charleston. S. 0. jay WHEATON'S OINTMENT WILL OD BE the Itch. WHEATON'S OINTMENT will cure Salt Rheum. WHEATON'S OINTMENT cures Old Sores. WHEATON'S OINTMENT cures all Diseases the Skin. Brice 60 cents; by mall 60 cents. AU druggist* sell it WEEKS k POTTER, Boston, Proprietors. September 16_38mwily M3- A-A-A-A-A-THE BEST DYSPEP? TIC BITTERS now m use are PANXSTM'S Hepatic Bide re. They never fail to give relief. Try a bottle, and be convinced. For sale by afl Druggists. m rpHE CHAltLKSTON bXlLY^?ws A LIVE JOURNAL. I THE CHEAPEST FIE8T-CLASH NEWSPAPER TN THE SOUTH. PRICE (PAYABLE INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE) SDI COLLARS A YEAR; FOUR DOLLARS FOB SIX MONTHS; TWO DOLLARS AND A QUAR? TER FOB THREE MONTHS. TTS EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT li marked by rigor, variety, and perfect Independ? ence. Bound to the fortun?e of no clique or party it will deal fearletary, honestly and consistently with Prtbhu questions as they arise; and Its influence wfl always be directed to advance, what its oondnctorr believe to bs, the true m tereala of South Carolina and the South. THE NEWS COLUMNS embody everything of general, political, comme-?ci? and monetary interest received by mau or telf/graph up to the latest hour before going to press; and by ita compact and convenient preparation of matter, it affords a larger and more varied amount of informa? tion than can be obtained through any Bindiar me? dium. THE LOCAL DEPARTMENT 1 will be managed with especial enterprise; and no pains will be spared to make it every morning a full, accurate, spicy and vivacious record of everything that transpires in, or relating to, the City of Charles? ton. WEEKLY SUBSCRIPTIONS. For the convenience of those in the city who may prefer to subscribe by the week, the proprietors of Tux Dany NXWB have introduced the system cf weekly delivery and collection, now in universal usa at the North, and subscribers can have their papers supplied to them regularly every morning at the rato of EIGHTEEN CENTS A WEEK. Orders left at the Periodical Eteres of Mr. 0. C. RIGHTER, Nos. 161 and 33S King-street, or at the Counting Boom of TBS DAILT NEWS, will receive prompt attention. THE CIRCULATION OF THE DAILY NEWS, far exceeding that of any other Journal in the South eastern States, renders lt a peculiarly adran tag tous modlnm for advertisers who wish to reach all classes of thefpeople ia that section; while the careful classi? fication of ita advertising matter, gives increased prominence and value to all descriptions of notices appearing in Us columns. CASH BATES FOB ADVERTISING: PUTEEN CENTS per line for the first insertion; and Taw CENTS per line tor each subsequent insertion. The above prices are fir lesa, in proportion to the circulation-the main element of value in adver? t? sing-than those of any other daily paper ht th city, or in the South. THE TH I-WEEKLY NEWS, Issued on TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS AND SATURDAYS. A Marvel of Cheapness! ONLY THREE DOLLARS A YEAR-TWO DOL LARS FOR STE MONTHS. CONTAINS ALL THE READING MATTER] GIVEN IN THE DAILY NEWS. THE EXTRAORDINARILY LOW PRICE at whioh th? TRI-WBEKLY EDITION OF THE NEWS is published, together with the largs variety of inter? esting original and selected matter which fills every psge, have already gained for it a wide and constant? ly increasing circulation. It is acknowledged by all who have seen it to be beyond comparison THE BEST FAMILY PAPER, for country circulation, published anywhere ia the South. SEND FOB A SPECIMEN COPY. 4sfN0 PAPER WILL BE SENT UNLESS THE CASH ACCOMPANIES THE ORDER; NOR WILL ANY PAPER BS SENT' FOB A LONGER TIME THAN PAID FOB. Address \ RIORDAN, DAWSON dc CO., February 30 CHARLESTON, g. C. Cm TAXES-MOKTHLY . OFFICE OT TBE COT ASSESSOR, ) Crrr HALL, May 1,1868. I ?\TOTICE T8 HEREBY GIVES TO ALL C0N 1> CERNED, that tme Monthly Batan? for tl? month of April put in comnHanwr witt the Tai Ordinance, ratified on tho 28th of January. IBM. munt bo made on or before the Vt??jg?tb TAXES OX TEE TOLLOWrSO ABE ?ATABLK KOSTHLT. On all tales of Gooda, Warm ?nd Merchandise, On al grass receipts of all Street Railroads. On all g i oss receipts of ail Express Companies. On all sales at Auction. On all Carriages and Buggies. On all Income derived from the pursuit of any faculty, profession, occupation or employment. On the gross receipts of all Comiwrial Agenole?. On all commissloss rsobired by Factors, Commis? sion Merchante, Bankers, Brokers, and others. On allpremlurns received for or by any Insurance Company, or by agencies for individuals cr com? panies. ? . _, On s'J gross receipts of all Qss Companies. On every Horse and Mule used or kept within toe dty excepting horses or mules used in any public licensed carriago, cart, dray, or other vehicle. On all Ratall Dealers In all articles whatsoever. On all Hucksters and Barber Shops. On all gross receipts of Hotels and Public Eating and Boarding Houses. On all receipts of Livery Stablo keepers. On the gross receipts of Cotton Presas*. . On the gross receipts of ail Printing Offices, Mews papers and Publishing Hordes. " On an Goods sold In t'?e dty by persons * -? ri dent, by sample or otherwise. ? REK" On alisales of HOTS'* and Mules ,?Kmgllt ^ ^ .^Onttie gross iv ??pta of Magnetic Telegraph Com St^K^*^ wffl be dealt with as ate ar*, nanodirv^ w. Na HUGHES, _g?L* tt ?ry Ase^easor. NOTICE, OFFICE OF HEALTH 1>?PARTMENT, 1 R" CHABLESTON, S. C. May 1st, 1858. f IE FOLLOWING DIRECTORY OF THE Health Department ls published for the informa? tion of an concerned; HEALTH DISTRICTS. HEALTH Dnrnwcr Ho. 1.-Bounded on the north by south side of Calhoun-stree t, on the east by Cooper River, ?ja the south by South Battery, os the went by eastaWe of Moetlng-stroet, embracing Warda , Nos. l and 3; in charge of Br. Joseph Yates. Office and Dispensary No. 18 Market-street, opposite State. Residence No. 13 Church-street HEALTH Brsraror No. 2.-Bounded on the north by south side of Calhonn-etreet, on the east by west sldeof Meeting-street, on the south by South Bat? tery, and an the west by Ashley. Ri vex, embracing Wards Nos, 2 and 4; in charge of LT. S. Cbatburn Brawn. Office ?rid Dispensary No. 70 Wentworth street, near St Philip-street Residence corner of George and Anson streets. HEALTH ITIBTXICT NO. 3.-Bounded on the north by City Boundary, on the east by Cooper Elver, on the south by north side of Calhoun-stroet and on the west by east ride of King-street, embracing Wr ?rda Nos. 5 and 7; in charge of Dr. J. Lord Prto JCAU. Office and Dispensary on the southeast corner o'? St. Pbiiip and Warren s beets. Residence, Beau ? Ain-streeti opposite Mazy ck- street HEALTH DISTBIOTNO. 4.-Bounded tm the north by City Boundary, on the east by west-side of King street on the south by north side of Calhoun-?treet and on the west by Ashley River, embracing Wards Nos. 6 and 8; in charge of Dr. J. Somers Buist Of? fice and Dispensary on the southeast corner of 8t. Philip and Warren streets. Residence, Ma 105 Meeting-street OFFICE HOURS. At sB the Dispensaries from 9 to 10 o'clock A M. i and from 6 to 6 o'clock P. M, daily. AB patients who are able will be required to at? tend at these Dispensaries during the hours speci? fied, and at the Dispensary of the District in which they reside. HOSPITALS. City Hospita], Mazyck-street on Mazy ck-street, between Magazine-street and Queen, west side, in charge of Dr. F. Peyre Porcher. City Hosp! cal, Hampstead, on the corner of Cooper and Bay streets, m charge of Dr. S. L. Lockwood. Small Pox Hospital, at Public Cemetery, in charge of Dr. F. Poy re Porcher. Office of Health Department, corner of Calhoun street and Rutledge Avenue, GEORGE 8. PELZEE, M. P., - City Registrar, In charge of Health Department. Mayl _ IQ NOTICE. OFFICE OF BOARD OF HEALTH. CHARLESTON, 8. C., May 1, 186?. ON AND AFTER TO-DAY, CHLORIDE OF 1J and Copperas, for disinfecting purposes, wfil be furnished, free of charge, by Messrs. G. W. AIMAB, corner of King and Tandarhorst streets, and RAOUL & LTNAB, corner of King and Market streets, in such quantities ai they have been directed to furnish, as dry Apothecaries, to applicants for the same. The citizens are earnestly requested to co-operate with the Board of Heal ia by making a timely and udlclous use of the articles thus furnished.. GEORGE S. PELZEK, M. D" May j_^_10_CByBeglstrsr. NOTICE. CITY CIVIL ENGINEER'S OFFICE, ) Cm HALL, CKAXLXSTOH, March lath, 1868, J ALL PROPERTY HOLDERS ON THE UNE OF Meeting-street and other citizens interested to the building of a Shell Hoad on Meeting-street, from Spring-street to the City Boundary, an heresy respectfully informed that a Book of bubscription will be opened for their signatures in my office to? day, sod shat when such an amount is pledged, sa in the judgment of the Oily Civil Engineer will war? rant the undertaking, the work wfil be forthwith comaaaoaa. LOUIS J. BAB BOT, March?_City OIT? Engineer. NOTICE. COHN GROUND ON TOLL AT LOW BATES, AT the House of Correction, Magarine-street By order of Chief of Police. W. P. PO?LNOT, April 18_30_Keeper H.Q. . PUBLIC NOTICE. OFFICE CLERK OF COUNCIL, ) CHABLISTOX, April 30, 1868. j EVERY OWNER, LESSEE, OCCUPANT AND tenant of any premises fronting on any street lane, alley or open court, shall, on every dav (bun days excepted), have the dirt, filth, garbage, or other offal placed in front ot his or her lot, in a barrel, box or heap, in readiness for the contractor by the hour of 7 o'clcck every morning, from 1st of May to let of November next By order of the Mayor. W. H. SMITH, May 1 Imo Clerk of Conn ell. SHELL HOAD. CITY ENGINEER'S OFFICE, 1 CITY HALL, April 28,1868. J FARMERS AND OTHERS ARU REQUESTED not to drive over the line of the Meeting street Road, between Spring and Bumney-streets/ during the execution of the work. Cattle driven are re? quested not to use the Meeting-street Road at all. The disturbance of aU the grade and allignment pegs, recently put up, renders it necessary to make the above request LOUIS J. BARBO r, April 30_City Engineer. NOTICE. CITY HALL, MATOB'S OFFICE, 1 CHARLESTON, H. C., April 18,1868. f ALL OFFICEBS OK OXHEB, PERRONS CON? NECTED with the City Government are hexe bv required to make monthly returns to the Mayor of all work done, property received, issued and re? maining on hand, accord lng to forms which will be furnished by the City Engineer. By order of Mayor COGSWELL. W. H. SMITH, April 20 10_Clerk of Council. OFFICE CHIEF OF POLICE. MAIN GUARDHOUSE, 1 CHABLESTON, 8. C., April 7,1868.J XTOTICE.-THE ORDINANCE PROHIBITING Sb the firing of guns, pistols, squibs, Ac, within the city limits, will hereafter be strictly enforced. Shooting on the firms, streets, lanes and roads south of the Forks of the Road is a violation of the ordinance. By order of Mayor COGSWELL. C. B. 8IGWALD, April 8_Chief of Pohce. NOTICE RELATIVE TO THE MAR? KETS. Cm HALL, OFFICE CTV ? or COUNCIL, ) CHABLESTON, April 24,1868. J ON AND AFTER THE FIRST DAY OF MAY next the Markets will be opened at 4 o'clock A. M. and closed at 9 o'clock A. M. On Saturday Nights, the Markets wiU be opened from 6 P.M. until 10 P. M. By order of Mayor COGSWELL. W.H. SMITH, April 27 Imo Clerk of Council. c MARLESTON STEAM SAW MILL, WEST END OF BEA UFAIN-STREET. THE SUBSCRIBER Having rebuilt his STEAM SAW MILL, ls now pre pared to execute aU orden for SHIPPING and CITY TRADE with dispatch. MayS JOHN H. STEIN"MEYER, West end of f Beaunun-etreet