Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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WAR SI ^ Scenes of Cowpens, and ICings M oun Oarc ,1. Leaiacks Stokes, I>. I It has been our rare good fortune t<? ,'i?it three famous bottle grouuds the ^a&t year, and we glaily share the in terest and pleasure they have afforded with the readers of The News and 'ouri.r. COWPENS. We were returniug by private con reyancu from a trip to the blue Ridge Mouvtaios, and had spent the night it beautiful Tryon, N. C, when wc struck "the old battleground road" to Saffney. We did not at once catch the significance of the name. We had seen the line monument to tho 'leroes of Cowpens at Spartanburg, wo knew of the town of Cowpens on the Southern Railway, and wero under the impression that the famous bat tlefield was much to our right. But . presently we learned that we would I pass within a hundred yards of it on the same highway, just seven miles from GaiTney, and not quite sixteen ' from Spartanburg. This used to be in old Spartanburg County, however, until it'foll within the limits of tho -new county of Cherokee. \We drove upon the ground with ' .-nany memories thronging through us. We had but recently read MoCrady, and tho circumstances of Morgan's splendid victory were comparatively fresh. But Guroly one gathers but little enthusiasm'from the present appear ances of the field. It Was seventy fivn rcorl afto. tilC battle ?S 1856, that the Washington Light Infantry,of Charleston, held a notable celebration at this plaoe. A oareful survey was .made of the .ground and ao nearly as ^possible the exact spot located whore Tarleton's Legion had first been ' checked by Col. William Washington. Hero the old monument was erected. &t was "composed of a rough granite block, selected from tbo field itself, ^(as abase) and in it was inserted a -white marble Blab, bearing these *words: THE MEMORIAL SHAFT. This monument was ereoted *3y tho Washington Light Infantry, Capt. L. M. Hatch, April, 1856. On this rose an ootagonal pillar, -shout four foot in height, made of ?concr?te, tbo shelU of whioh wore gathered near Fort Moultrie, and a thick marble slab, of the samo shape, surmounted tho whole, whoso several sides bore the following inscription: Washington. The Washington Light Infantry, of Charleston, S\> whose custody the widow of Wil liam Washington entrusted .His banner, visited this Battlefield April, 1856. 'And.again waved over it the Sag Borne by him on that occasion. '-Morgan. Howard. Fort Moultrie. King's Mountain, Cowpens, Eutaw Springs, our heritage, a ivav uOi To the victors of Cowpens; We enjoy the Result of their struggle. Let us Emulate tho virtues whioh secured it. From the centre of tho pedestal lowered up a fluted iron shaft, capped by a ball, on whioh rested a gilded -eagle with oxtended wings. In the interior of the monument wero depos ited a bottle of Eutaw Spring water, a brick from the house where the British took-refugo on that hotly con tested day, the roll of the officers and ' members of tho company present, and a pamphlot, desoriptive of the battle, tfrom Dr. Joseph Johnson's narra tive. The accompanying pioture gives a good idea of this elegant and unique' memorial. >Bnt alas! for the ravages of time, and tho still more oruel ravages of the relic hunterl In a little oleared space stands the remains of the monument. .The ball and eagle are gone. The tinted column is out of plum and the marble slab has been so chipped and ' defaced that not a single name can be -read. -Copt. Charles Petty, the veteran . 'journalist of Spartanburg, writes us: " "Seme time after the monument was - -ereoted the oitieons of Spartanburg placed a neat and strong iron railing ?round it. Daring the v. ar the iron ./being of good quality, was appropria ted to. make horse shoes. The con crete seotioo went to pieces. The ?eagle was used to prop a gate the year cafter the war I have been told: The MBitisens of Cherokee had a celebration ?there a few years ago, and restored <the monument in ootne sort of fash ion." In 1881, one hnndrod years after . the 'battle, the ' hwdsom'e monument I was unveiled in tho oity of Spartan s' burg. This hAs tended, we fear, to h ?uro the attention of ou? people from * the battleground 'itself. It should not DRIES. ! ?uford-s .TVTassacre ! tain, till in South >lina. )., in News and Courier. | stored, ho fence replaced, and irees I and flowers plantod on the sacred I spot. We need too mach such io | spiratioa in theeo materialistic days, to let it be unmarked, or worse still, marked by neglect! BUFOKD'S MASSACUK. It was one of the loveliest of Octo ber days that found the Jtcv. W. H. Hodges and myself on our way from Lancaster to the scene of this most brutal of all Tarleton's engagements with the Americans. McCrady, us I ually so accurate, erroucously places it in tho Waxhaws, but it is quite out side of that famous valley, some twelve or fifteen miles from tho old Waxhaw Church, and ten miles east of the town of Lancaster. It was to the old church, however, that many of the wounded were taken, and, some of them, nursed back to life. Foremost among the good women who oared for them was tho 18-year old Martha Gaston, and r. married sis ter whose name unfortunately has' not been given. McCrady says that in this d?plora bio affair Tarleton sought to deceive Buford by sending him a summons to surrender. In fact his numbers were double that of the Colonists, but he greatly magnified oven hia aotual force in ordor to strike terror into the hearts of the little band, and all this while he was making every preparation to fall upon them. The monument is in good state of I preservation. It is about ten feet in i height, base of red granite, aud a shaft of light colored marble. It stands in tho edgo of a grove of short leaf pines, just a few yards from the old Rooky River and Charleston road. An enclosure of rough rooks, piled ir regularly some two feet high, and forming a paraellogram of eight by ten feet, keeps sacred the grave of near one hundred of these gallant, but ill fated men. On the east side of the monument we read "Nearly the entire command of Col. Bufo/d were either killed or wounded. Eighty-four gallant sol diers are buried in the grave. They left their homes for Charleston, but hearing in Camden of the surrender of that city, wero returning. Hore their lives were ended in the service of their country." On the south face: "Erected to the memory and in honor of the brave and patriotio American soldiers who fell in the battle at this plate on the 29tb of May, 1780, between Col. Abraham Buford, who oommanded a regiment of 350 Virginians, and Col. Tarleton, of the British army, with 250 oaval ry. The west face is blank. On the north ia inscribed: '"The cruelty and barbarous massaore committed on this oocasion by Tarleton and his com mand after the surronder of Col. Bu ford and his regiment, originated the Amerioan war ery! 'Remember Tar leton's quarters.' A British historian confessed at the battle, 'The virtue of humanity was totally forgot.' " KING'S MOUNTAIN. From our homo in York ville, S. C., the higher peaks of King's Mountain, notably the "Pinnacle," can bo plain ly seen, but it was only quite reoently that we had ihe opportunity of mak ing a general and somewhat oareful survey of the old battleground. It was on a glorious November day, the deep blue over head, the woods per fectly gorgeous in their dress of yel low and orange and many shades of red, and the air braeing, that the Rev. Otis A. Jeffooat and the writer drove to this spot. We had long desired ouch an oppor tunity. No one can live among these hills of old York without feeling a touch of tho patriotic fervor that has kept the memory of this struggle fresh and influential. This Seotoh-Irish region is tenacious of its glorious past. Eighteen miles brought us at last to a little brook, ''a branch of Clarke's Fork of Bnlloek's Cr?ek," where a worn, disfigured, and never pretentious monument arrests our attention* It ia immediately upon the roadside, just opposite the mountain spur upon which the battlo was fought. We got down and reverently handled this eooient.atone, and did ,?)nr best to de btor the iuBoriptionS. -upon it, but could make littla of them. We oame to the conclusion that surely this stone must have been placed hero more as a guide post than a monu ment} simply to indicate to the passer by that he is near historic ground. Draper, however, wo afterwards learn, tells us that inl815 Dr. William MoLoan, of Linooln County, N. C, had a day set apart to gather the scat tered bones of those, both British and American, who had fallen in the fight.. It scorns ih?)f'had been but the^Myand ?nsur?oiently interred, an \ the , graves were soon vyiolaWd;' b wolves, and tho bones left to bleach upon the mountain. Under Dr. Mo Loan's direction these were now inter red a second lime by the side of the little stream, and this monument sut up at the good doctor's expense. ThiB is given as the inscription of which no little remains: "Sacred to the memory of Major William Chronicle, Capt. John Mattocks, William llobb and John Byrd, who were killed at this plaoo on the 7th cf October, 1780, fighting iu defense of America." This on the Kast aide. On the West: "Col. Ferguson, an officer of his Bri tanio Majesty, was defeated and killed at this plaoe on the 7th of Oc tober, 1780." Hut still we thiuk that one reason at least for the location cf this monument on tho roadside was to attract tho traveller's attention. Tho battle was fought upon the mountain. It was not far away, how ever. Walking straight up the moun tainside from the little stream, in about one hundred and fifty yards we come to two granite slabs They lie. prone some eight or ten feet apart, thrown carelessly upon tho ground. They have not been placed in position, we are told. They are inscribed respectively, "Hero Col. Ferguson fell, October 1, 1780," and "Here Col. Ferguson was buried." As they lie they do not, of coursa, indicate exactly, but certainly approximately, the spots intended to be marked. Cliubing the mountain still further, and going along its crest, in all some six or seven hundred yards, we reaoh the rather imposing monument erected in 1880. These are the inscriptions upon it, on tho east, oo,uth, west and north faoe respectively: "Here, on the 7th oT Ootobor, A. D., 1780, the British forces, commanded by Col. Patrick Ferguson, were met and totally defeat ed by Campbell, Shelby, Williams, Cleveland, Scvier and their herole followers from Virginia, the Carolioas Tennessee." "Fell on this battle ground, in defence of civil liberty, Col. James Williams, Major William Chronicle, Capts. John Mattocks, Da vid Beatie, William Edmondson, First Lieuts. Beece, Bowen, Thomas, MoCulloch, William Blackburn, Bob ert Edmondson, second Lieuts. John Beatie, Andrew Edmondson, Humber son Lyon, James Curry, James Laird, Nathaniel Guist, Nathaniel Dryden, Jamoo Phillips; Privates William Babb, John Boyd, David Duff, Henry Herigan,' William Watson, Arthur Patterson, Preston Goforth." "In memory of the patriotic Americans, who participated in the battle of King's Mountain this monument is erected by therr grateful descend ants.'' "Here the tide of battle turned in favor of the American col onies." This fine memorial was* unveiled with imposing centennial servioes, no table in whioh was an eloquent address by Senator John W. Daniel, of Vir ginia. This was the third oelebration on tho famous field; the one in 1815 already referred to, the seventy-fifth anniversary in 1855, when Gen. John S. Preston was the orator of the day. The venerable William Campbell Pres ton and the historian, George Ban croft, graced the latter occasion. Now Senator Daniel Bpoke at the centen nial, patriotic poems by Paul H. Hay ne and Mrs. Clara Dargan Mo Lean were read, and a vast assembly from many States gave a truly Ameri can oast to the commemoration. The monument is 18 feet square at base, and 28 feet high. The oorner Btooe was laid by the Hon. . A. T. Smythe at the head of the Masonic Order in South Carolina. King's Mountain was named for a Mr. King. This is, at least, the mo6t probable derivation of the name. It is a range some 20 miles long, quite detached from, but running par-' allel with the Blue Bidge, and cutting across the line between North and South Carolina. Only one of its heights may be called * "peak," the quite imposing "Pinnaolo" that rises in full yiew of the battle ground, some six or seven miles to the north east. The ridge upon whioh the battle was fought is in York County, 8. O., about one and a half miles from tho State line. It is scarcely more than ? half mile in length and from 30 to 50 yards in width, rising some 75 feet above the surrounding country. The old monument is just beyond its eastern extremity. The monument of 1880 is not far from its western terminus and on its highest ground. Ferguson, was encamped upon the eastern and widest part of the ridge. He h cd a force of about 900 Tories, thoroughly disciplined under British -army regulations. Here ho awaited the American Colonists, profanely" discounting the possibility of his be log dislodged. The yatriots came in, with about equal foreo, from the west, halted on th? old Qaarry road, not far from tho crossing of King's Cieok, . at about 3 o'clock in the afternoon, and dividing their forces, defiled to right stud left of the mountain. Those taking the right orousing the westorn extremity of ; ihe ridge within a few yards of, I wUere the large monument now sts&ds. Tho plan was to chyolopo Ftrguson completely and attack simultaneously but the first and heaviest blows were delivered at almost the eawe mome?t from the southwest aud northwest. The british fought aunt gallantly as is well known, but as tboy beat back, at the first, the western' a;tacks, the investment of the mouutsin had beon completed, ?ud fresh assaults came from tho sido of the b'.ook and tho old monument. A distinguished Fronch officer says that Ferguson showed genius in his choice of a battle ground, aud that no other plan of battio could have suc ceeded. This may be true from tho standpoint of technical taetios, but it is clear that Ferguson misunderstood tho "gjniua" of his opponents, who touk the very plan that most naturally suggested iteclf to these hardy back woodsmen. In true frontier style they availed themselves of every pos sible cover, and step by step they closed in. In tiutb, in hunters' phrase, they had FcrgUBon "treed.'' It was all over in an hour. Wood craft and the deadly Deokbard rifle had won the day. It is no disparage ment of tho gallant leaders to put it so. They planned well, and set the oxainplo of noble heroism, but this was not even "a oaptain's fight," it was "a marksmen's fight," and the glory belongs to all who took part. Already the question of the cole brat ion of tho 125th anniversary of the battle, in the fall of this year, is being agiiated. Much remains to be done, indeed, before we have acquitted our debt to our gallant ancestors, the heroes of King's Mountain. The whole ground?not large?should be cnolonod; plaoes should be more defi nitely marked; a keeper should be in charge of tho park, and tourists encouraged to visit the field by mak ing a trip here at oooe pleasant and eduoative. We trust t" at all this may be in cluded in the proposed one-hundred and twenty fifth anniversary com memoration. JAPAN AND RUSSIA. General Miles -Thinks Europe May Intervene in Far East. Everything must have an end and wars are no exception to the rule. They have prevailed from the earliest history of man down to the present time, either in the defense of the right or to enforce, the wrong. The same international questions rarely ever involve the same two na tions in mortal conflict, and still more rarely have two nations ever been en gaged upon the same field of battle, yet war haa continued in some parts of the world and possibly must con tinue for an indefinite time in the future. Our Indian wars lasted for nearly four centuries. As every great bet tie, or prolonged siege, or desperate war has an end, possibly we may be fortunate onough to jif-? to witness the olose of the great drama of death and the dawn of a brighter era, the morning of a new day of civilization. Ancient wars devastated countries, destroyed peoples and raqes, "yet they were no more expensive in life and treasure than recent wjurs, with the modern appliances. The terrible slaughter and sacrifice that has been carried on by two pow erful nations during the past eleven months has been uncqualed in ferocity, and rarely, if ever, excelled in skillful strategy, grand tactics aad heroio sao rifice. There have been more lives lost in the small area of Port Arthur than in the two great battles of Waterloo and Gettysburg, and the burden upon the two nations that have to supply?Jthe great fleets and powerful armies, with the unpreoendented cost of armament and munitions of v?#r, if it does not bankrupt, must impoverish those two nations for the next 100 years. Possibly it is best that this war should continue, in all its exhausting, destructive terror*, until the world has received soon a terrible lesson and been' so severely shocked by the intelligence of auch a combat, that the better angels of onr nature will turn to more reasonable and humane ulosb* ores,for the arbitrament of interna tional controversies. v While war may bring out the strong, heroic eleiucutd of our ; nature, yet . the resuit is simply the saorifice of hundreds Of thousands of tho young men of both nations in a conflict last ing for months or years, and then after this sacrifice, the international ques tions are sottled by peaceful measures, either agreed to by the contending parties, or dictated by other and im partial powers, of the world. In visiting th? different countries of tho Orient, within a short time, I was impressed by seeing-the flags of different naltoi? flying over the soil of the great Chinese empire. The general impression giyevi to the world was that they were protecting "spheres of commercial influence," but it was practically, a peaceful mili oeo^ pow*. 6?j of the great empire^ and so long as that undcraittudirig prevailed amena; the foreign^ poworsj tho occupation continued, andwoul<i ultiin?.^ly have absorbed that eutiro country, occupied by 400,000,000 of the human race. Two strong nations, ono an Asiatic, and the other a Europoun power, hav?. i:omo into conflict over a controversy concerning the small territory of Man churia. Now, whether that conflict shall continue until the European power ia humiliated and crashed, and the physical strength, not oaly of Ja* pan, bub of China, is aroused from its dormant condition, possibly to re poat the history of 1,000 yasrs ago, or whether the European powers that aro 10 closely allied to Russia in race, religion and oomnietcial interests, shall become involved, is a question to bo determined within the next few months. The continuation of such a war re quires the supplying of both nations with vast financial resources. Tho bonds of Russia are largely held in Holland, Germany and France. If this exhaustive enterprise is to be continued by Russia and it should re sult in ber final humiliation and finan cial embarrassment, tho efleot would be most serious, if not disastrous, to the nations on the continent of Eu rope. Again, should the Baltic fleet con tinue its courue and succeed in de stroying the Japanese navy, not only would the army of Manohuria be prac tically prisoners, but Japan would bo entirely at the mercy of Rasaia. Should it meet with disaster or be reoalled, there will be nothing to pre vent Japan, acting on the very short line of communication, occupying Manchuria with an army of such great magnitude that it will be impossible to dislodge it. As the friendly disinterested, im partial powers have interfersdshereto f ore in the settling of war between two contending nations, especially that between Turkey and Greeoe, and to some extent influenced the aotion nf Spain in our own con diet, it is not unlikely that they will be prompted in the interests of humanity and the peace of the world, to very soon take measures to end this conflict. Wars are seldom anticipated; they frequently close when and in a way least expected.?Gen. Nelson A. Miles, in Atlanta Journal. m HE above picture of the man and fish is the trade mark of Scott's Emulsion, and is the synonym for strength and purity, Itis'sold in almost all the civilized .coun tries cf the globe. If the cod fish became extinct it would be a world-wide calam ity, because tho oil that comes from its liver surpasses'all other faits ia nourishiug and life-giving properties. Thirty vears ago the proprietors of Scott's Emul sion found a way of preparing cod liver oil so that everyone can take it and get the full value of the oil without thfc objectionable tOBte. Scott's Emulsion is the best thing in the world for weak, back ward children, thh?, delicate and all conditions of .wanting and lost strength. 4 Send for free aampf?. SCOTT & BOWKB, ClXE^nSTS *OS>-118 ?SA?5I. ?D?W ?OBK ' ?te. end$1.00. All. dru??lats. I?-.? ' ' -m , ; Your accounts cannot well la a tan gle it yout money la dspoaued with a&4 all g*ayua?ato made througb the? # ffam?ra* Lean and Tins ??jl i Anderson, S. C. .. It la oor hnatncai to toko care at your bu?lue*?-*U banking p*r* or it?anti we do It -wttflx aocura?y thus comoa from ax ^U^Bank's paM h?tory la a guaranty fcrUie??t?rV : ? Dalits of any fcmonrit rocoH*?d. Eft^a E^a EDa SPECIAL OFFE REGARDING diseases of the skin. Wo bave lately secured the agency for this city and vicinity of a preparation which is reliable and certain in clearing away troubles of the skin. Many forms of skin affections which have been considered incurable are conquered oy this medicament as easily as a cough is stopped by the proper soothing and healing influences. This preparation is now in use among skin specialists, and many large hospitals have adopted it for eczema and kindred cases. It stands among the most useful medical agents now known. We have evidence of its work to show which will interest any sufferer. Call and investigate same. ?iuce we have been handling the remedy?known as D, D. D.?its work proves so effective we guarantee its efficacy. In all cases of sk^a affection we will refund th? price of a bottle ($1) if the sufferer does not consider it literally a Godsend' after trying. It is curing the worst kind of cases every day. It seams a pity any onu should suffer the torture of skin troubles when so dependable a curative agent can b? had so cheaply FOB SALE BY EVANS PHARMACY. 1,000,000 "sm EVANS' LIVER AND KIDNEY PILLS! D. S. VANDIV8R. - J. J. MAJOR. B. P. VANMVKB. VANDIVER BROS. & MAJOR, -DEALERS IN ? OABRIAGES, -:- BUGGIES, ta HARNESS. We want a chance to sell yon that New Buggy during this year, and have some choice ones to show yon. VANDIVER BROS. & MAJOR. . S m WHY BUY FERTILIZERS AND ft _A.oicL [Pliospliates* Made by foreign companies, when yon have a factory at home which is turning out the Best Goods sold on this market I >: We have a Faotory tbat is up-to-date in all respects, equipped .with: the iG3t mo clem machinery and appliances. Wo buy the highest grade blood, phoBphase rock, and all other ingre dienf* that go into tho manipulation of our Goods are of the best : quality, all of which are under the personal care , and attention of our Superinten dent, who is one of the beat FertiHzer-makers in the South. ^ISI^fM We can furnish you any grade of goods that you wialr^Ainmoniated Fertilisers, Acid Phosphates, Blood -Groano, Nitsate of Soda, Muriate of Potash or Kainit. We invite comparison of analyses of our goods with' any others on the market. We also lefer you to some of the largest fermera in the country, who have been using our goods in the past with the best results. We have Agents a\t ^very Station in Upper CaroHoa, and we would Ite glad for you to call on them for piicea. We sell in the course of a year about one million ind Eidney Pills. X>0 "STOTJ TJSES TIIEIM. ? Phone 182. ' ? ? Evans' Pharm?ov. B I! 1 1 y d 6 b e fl 8( 01 b: ai ti tl n< se ^ n< bi nc ed br mi an fai th ne n* 001 mi it] Ml n iHDERSOH PHOSPHITE iND Oil CI We are in a position to put on High ?r&defBubber Tim with good service, and prices to correspond with Rubberbe* fore it made a bounce. ^ A ^? o.?,^^?*^ ? "fBHBKS f?B SOTJTBPS QEBATSBT SYSTEM f Il^I^tg Car LttU!TO>lli!l.il>ilHLlilJ 5V*.fnU iAuafttfrm as io rate*'routes, ?te.,. cmii??' n.^tvx Soutferj, ?AUway .^?'A^fe. or-;. : BMBBaraMMBBB of Ihe HI A M }ga so Hi d; 1 i m vi r3 ig si iS