In 5&2SSS Words of Wisdom ^ ? Washington, June 24.->-An article ; ty Heribert J. Webber* puyE?oIosistin charge of tl ie plant breading laborat?r ;/ ?a the department of agriculture, on "improvement of cotton by seed soleo* tion," in tl>e year beek of tte depart ment of agriculture, published today, contains ?uuggeat?ona which,, if gener ally adopted; would lead to si larg? in crease in the cotton production of the United States. The extent to which it is possible by the adoption of scien tific-methods is shown by. tUe feet that, while the average yield of cot ton ia the United States is only about 190 pounds of lint per aero, yields va rying from 500 to SOO pounds per sore ?re frequently obtained on many large carefully cultivated tracie. Mr. Webber does not beHove thet is possi ble to greatly increase the acreage de voted to cotton in the United . States. He says there is little opportunity for extending the industry into new re gions, and while a much larger acre age of cotton could be grown 4a the old ootton producing States if neces sity demanded it, there is a tendency j9 these ?States toward j ?diverbified farming rather than further speciali sation in cotton production. Be con cludes, therefore,. that the most im portant problem now before, ootton growers seems to be that of increasing tbe production on the same acreage ntber than extending the acreage it self. He thinks that white ootton growing in other countries is capable of being considerably extended, euoh extension will doubtless be slow and viii only slightly affect the industry in this cotry, and that the Ameri can planter should strive, by the ap plication of improved methods and machinery and tho use of improved varieties of cotton, yielding more and better staple, to keep well in advance of competitors in foreign countries ffhere cheaper labor is available. Mr. Webber recognizes that the iharacter of the soil is the faotor of ?greatest important*. He believes, however, that there is great opportun ity of improving {[thc industry on all linds, botbggood and poor, and he es timates that the cotton crops could be oubled oo the same aoresge now Bgrown by proper attention t) two fac ?tors necessary to success, namely, tho .niversal use of good seed and careful e thu do of tillage and fertilising. bile both of these factors contribute ?Tgeiy to sttQcess, Mr. Webber be-1 eves that the importance of good eed is probably more aommonly over ooked than the matter of cultivation, is observation/, show that fully half planters use seed taken at random rom public gina, about which they ow nothing other than that it was rodnced somewhere in--the Bathe vi-' inity, and hesayB: "As well might hz breeder of fast tr?iiiUK bereen in oduoe dray animals into his stables, r the breeder of intelligent hunting ogs introduce ordinary mongrel ours J'.to his kennels. > The uso of good eed and its production by a regular ystem of selection is just os impar ant a factor in the production of the raps as that of cul ti vatic KI. No in Uigent method of farm management isregards tho production iiud use of ood seed, t?:? day when growers oan fiord to plant, my sort of cotton aced as passed. Only seed of a known ety, seleoted because of its dosira le qualities and adaptability to local j nditions, should bo planted." The traditional belief ithat an oooa onal chango of Beed is necessary if od crops aro to be regularly secured attaoked by Mr. Wobber, who con-, ads that to oeouro tho best results lauta must be bred and . adapted to il and climat?3 conditions, and that ttoo planters and growers of the ce-, al orops as well, if they aro to ob in tho best resoH?, t?ust select their ed in tho locality whero it used to regularly grown in order to adapt it the particular soil and climatic con tions. The paper outlines a system of se otion based OD tho .principle that, hilo plants reproduced their main aract?rs unchanged, and the st&bil _> of tho cultivated plants and netu Inl species depends upon this law of "redity. still they ara nnt absolutely ad and stable, but are very .uupta e and highly variable in minor erUr icrs. Tho system outlined, whitVI; one that any plantar oan carry out his own plantation, is based on tho ?. of tho seeds of only raab plants shdw tho characteristics which it is sirab?? to rej>roducor such aaquau v or ^??-rr-^?, !en?:h cf Sbrs Sur liness of maturity. It is recom end??'that after cbeso plants ] have cn carefully se?ectad. the seed from o svddie pickings of each pliant bc nned Separately itt a gin Shat has !cn carefully cleaned so AM toprevent xtur? of uoaelectcd seed, cud that e seed of each plant ho planted sot ERS/ ATTEND ! ?BSSSHSS?KSESSS! . j rom the -Agricultural tmeni, test ita quality for the reproduction of tho qualities desired to he perpetua ted. AU plac?a that do not como up to the standard are to be discarded in the second year and the seed of only tho very best are to bo used for plant-, i?g the third year. By the beginning of the fourth year a sufficient anrply of highly eolec ted seed for seeding a. large plantation will be obtained., The system of selection can be indefi nitely con tinned, however, from yeal to year on a tract of ground Set apart ? for that purpose, and thus, the quality of the eotton oan bo kept up to a high standard or constantly improved. Mr. Webber makes an important suggestion as to the possibility of combating the Mexican cotton boll weevil by seed selection. In examin ing fields of upland cotton in different parts of Texas ho observed occasional individual plants, in badly inf coted fields, that had set and matured almost all of. their bolls, while adjoining plants were almost denuded. Wheth er suoh plants possess a degree of r? sistance or not, and whether thiB pos sible resistance will bc transmitted to their progeny, he says, remains to be determined, but he thinks it probable that some plants may be discovered and propagated which will be distaste ful to the weevils. He tells of exper iments in Texas in 1901 end 1902 with varieties of Egyptian cotton for the purpose of noting the effect upon them of the boll weevil. The weevil was found to bo le s tm o table of all varie ties observed except the Mit Afifi cot ton. Three acres of this variety were grown on land where the drop had been destroyed by weevils tho previ ous year. About two hundred feet distant was a sm jil patch of upland cotton. The weevils appeared on the upland cotton early in the season and almost entirely destroyed it. They did not appear on the Amit Afifi until the middle of Ootober and damaged it very little. The Mit Afifi yielded about 1,066 pounds per acre, while the opland variety yielded about 200 pounds per acre. This was in spite of the ?act that the upland cotton was much earlier than the Egyptian and would normally be expected io pro duce a muoh larger orop^. in the boll weevil district owing to this fact. GRASS CULTURE. A ho Value of Agricultural Lands in Europe sad America. To the Editor of The News and Courier: You have printed in. the past two weeks extracts from Mr. O. W, Howard's work on grasses and forage crops in the South, showing thc one great advantage to be gained iu tho cultivation 6f alf alfa or Lucerne and Bermuda grass is that onoe estab lished in the ground they remain for years, giving a largo return each year, with small expenses for thc cutting and curing, and only requiring replen ishing with fertilizer every third year. Following up these statements, Mr. Howard has this to say in reference to the benefits of grass culture: "A planter owning 1,000 sores" of fair land in the South is a poor man. Ho could not sell his land probably for more than $5to $10 per aok-e. He looks North and finds land raoging from $50 to $200 per acre, while in England, Holland and Belgium it is worth from $300 to $500. per acre. Why this difference? In the United States, if we put our finger on thc States or parts of States in which land sells at tho highest price, wo stall find**that. thero the greatest attention is paid to tho culti vation of grasses and forage plants. lu 'Europe the same rule holds good. The cheapest lands are those of Spain, where little attention is p??? to grasses. The valuo of land vices exactly in proportion co tho attention whioh is given to them; in England and Hollaad reaching sometimes to $1,000 per acre for farming purposes. This land value culminates in Lom bardy, where irrigated meadow lands j rent for from $60 to 8100 per aore. Without exception in Europe and America, where e large portion of land i~i i? grtds or l?rago crops, the piioo of land is high. On the other, hand, wherever on either continent the grass es eV not reoeive. attention landed ?s tat'd ia comparatively o? iow yaiuo. ; 'jPht< conclusion is irresistible that a "iarge attention ito the cultivated grass es is essential uot only to proved agriculture, but also io a high valce uf ?rad ea???e. Where thia occurs there moat bet large.au-abers of horses or males, cat tie and ' sheep. These provide au abundance of manure. Whero'ibero is an abundance ot nie nure there will be larfte crops. Where there aro large oropa land wil? be val uable. 'T'fcese result folio w from tho grxHS crop as the fir?t oau*y. in stocks ?nd beads ia ?bat we get our i divi?dnds wimont ?abor on oar part, j If wo cultivate cotton or corn wo mast j bira banda, bay male?, corn, bay* ba-1 con and pay Wecksmith billa. If a* tba end of tba year thee? expenses ex ceed the sft?os the land has baen worth lets than nothing to ita. If Utera should be a entail profit after ?IS oar expense and trouble, then tba land has a email value to us. But if we put down tba laud in grass the work is done for a number of yeera. If it yields only a ton of hay to the aere, and its salable value be only $20 per ton, with expenses of $5 for oaring and soiling, we have a net profit of $15, whioh is 10 per cont on $150, the ac tual value of the land. The only la bor in the case is the outting, ouriog and baling the bay. With the horse mower, tedder, rake and hay lifter this expense is not more than $2 per ton. What is the difference between the Southern plantation and the Bel gium farm? It is this: Two-thirds of the latter yields a handsome return without labor, while not an aero of the plantation pay H a cent without the ure of costly labor. A small, well -manured and well cultivated area of land in cotton and cereals, and a large proportion ia forage plants, and grass es, would give to the planter a pleas ure in his business and a profit which he has never known before. There seems to be little to choose as to climate at the South. In each of tho plantation States we have three different climates-that of the moun tains, the middle country and the coast: For live stock the mountains have the advantage in the summer, the low-country in the winter, while the middle - country has a share of the advantages and disadvantages of both. The lands most likely in the judg ment of the write;; to produoe heavy crops of Timothy and herds grass hay are the rico lands of the coast. They 'are very rioh and have ample oommand of water. If'he rice planters would apply to tb J: land the agricultural system of lombardy they would attain a value of whioh they have not dream ed. The Maroite lands or lands in grass, irrigated in winter, near Milan, rent for from $60 to $100 per aore, while hay sells at $10 per ton. HQ young men at the South entering upon agricultural life grass farms of fer great inducements. They require so little labor and so little outlay. If a return mu.it be had the first, year, grass eeed oao bo sown with small grain-the whole expenso is then the cost of the grass seed. . Afterward the farm will provide for all its own ex penses, The pleasure of life on a grass latin is incomparably greater than on a plantation devoted exclu sively to cotton. The latter exacts our whola time; the former gives leis ure for reading, study and the ameni ties of social life. So and political eoonomy requires that the South should raise its own horses, males, cattle, sheep and hogs, and produce its own 'wool, butter, cheese and hay. . .Vhon. wo add these produotio.ua to ou." cotton, rico and sugar wo* shall perhaps live more independently than any other people ic Christendom. Grass culture is thc basis of this in dependence. The well known authority of the late Mr. G. M. Howard on this subject should be ail that is needed to iuduce the more enterprising farmers of the State to lay down some land in these two crops, following carefully the in structions given as .to the way of planting and their subsequent caro, beginning.on a small scale, and seeing themselves that the preparation of the land is thorough aud the directions carried out, and not leaving it to some fie'id hand, as was done last year by pl au ter who procured alfalfa seed and gave it to one of his careful hands to plant, finding out afterwards it had been sowed broadcast and ploughed ??in. In confirmation of the good advice given by Mr. Howard it is only ne cessary to refer to the grass farm in this State, near Augusta, Ga., former ly owned by *Ir. Mooro and now own ed by Mr. Warren, of Augusta, which hsa been in grass for the past fifty to sixty years. Previous to 1860 there was just 100 acres in grass, and was stated by Mr. Mooro to have paid an average profit eaoh year of $6,000 for a number of years previous to his death. There are no doubt many others that could bo shown if the facts oould be made public. The year book of the department of agriculture for 1902 shows "hat tho average yield of hay in South Caroli na for the year 190Q was 1.32 tons per acre and t?e State of New York 81. 100 of a ton; while the orop for that y esr was 176,000 tons, worth $1,978,-1 OOO, and the State of New York made j 3,350,000 ton&, worth $47,000,000. . Pro Bono. B?ns tia yglfo IMHwJfatH tirrafl Bc^bt B?giutors f r^xf^f^fi *** of w^Svr7e&???2^ - Tho more a man knows the oasier H {a fer bim to keep his mouth shut, j - When a wotnau goes to the races ! oho can't help wondering why the men [aro so foolish ns to bet. before f.ho ? horses aro nearing home, ro they can ?in. Lived ea P?sete fer Tin* Krauts. . -- Northfield, Vt., Jane 27.-Four i students ot Norwioh University, three j ot ?hom ire working their way through college, have in the last three taosths saved &u even $30 eaoh by departing the fraternity "baehboase" and UT? lag on peanuts? S wry one of the quartet is in better health than wheo he started in on the strange diet and all frill continue tobe "peaaattere" until the end of the schcol year. The peanut idea originated with J. C. Coulombs, '05, whose home is in Island Pond, in the northern part of the State. Coulomb* is a member of the Theta Chi fraternity and lived in the "frat" house, where they served fair. meale at $3.50 a week. While this was considered a nominal amount, it was all that Coulothbo cared to pay, aa he has to depend on what he can earn through the summer to take him through the rest of the year. While atndying the efficacy of food? stuffs one day he discovered that tho maligned peanut was in troth a highly nutritious affair, easily shuoked and easily digested. It ocourred to him that ho might at least make two meals a day on nuts and fill up on the "frat" house diet of ham, beans and prunes for the third. He therefore went to the village and laid in a supply of well-roasted nuts. His first meal was so satisfy ing that his appetite for the second failed, and inside a few days he was living entirely upon nuts. He found that a quart and a half served his pur pose for twenty-four hours, and that by buying tho nute by the sack he oould out down his board from $3.50 a week to an even dollar. Conlombe plays first base on the 'varsity nine, and his fellow-students were not long in finding ont that he had improved over last year and that he seemed stronger and better in every way. Professor E. A. Winslow, instructor in civil engineering, also noted that the young man improved in his studies. Coulombe laid the improvement to peanuts, and in a short time three other students adopted'the diet. In asmuch as Coulombe was the origina tor of the idea, he declared that it would be only fair for bis followers to buy their nuts of him, and he agreed to give them all they could eat for $1 a week. ' There was qnite a margin in the deal, and now Coulombe practi cally gets his living for nothing. The three who joined the original "peanutter" are Edward Moore, of Island Pond, Joy Clyde Rose, of Im lay City, Mich., and Park Valentine, of Bennington, Vt, All ore members of the class of 1905 and all fi' Theta Chi men and are taking the civil engi neering course. Moore is one of the host basket-ball players in Northern Vermont, Bose excels at tennis and Perkins is strong enough to sit up six nights out of seven and play casino. Perkins is the only one who is finan cially independent. Tests in the gymnasium proved that the peanntters could stand more hard work' than their fellov-students,. and when they went into field sports they had no trouble in excelling ia run ning, ball, tennis and feats of endur ance. When the experiment was started the men indulged in one cup of cof fee a day, bnt this was soon discon tinue/, as it was found that the oils in. the coffee and nuts did not agree and indigestion resulted. AU alcoholic stimulants were, of oonrse, barred, and the men oontinued on a strict diet of nuts and water. At the end of the first month the "peanutters" got their first setback. They began to feel tired and dull, and President Brown,' who had become interested, dcoided that they need ed albumen. He searched his brain a while and then advanced the idea of eggs. Good, big, fresh ones, such aa Admiral George Dewey used to de light in when he was a student at the university, were bought, and after s little experimenting it was found that the president had hit tho nail on thc head. Six eggs were allowed to eaoh mat a week. They were taken three at t time and cooked or devoured raw, ai tho dovouree liked. Sunday and Thursday were set apart as egg days, and they were hailed with joy wbon ever they came around. The eggs ap parently satisfied all longing for i change in diet, for the ssa", ?5??iea< of complaining, deolarcd that the] wou!d not reiuiu to "frat" hous< far.', if they were paid for so doing. Tat the last twelve weeks the met have increased in weight an average o fifteen pounds. They have amalle waists, broader shoulders and largei expansion of tho chest. The bicep have also developed and they hav< hardened all over. They all deolan Abat they eui go on eating peanut indefinitely, and will return to tin di?t when they get back to the uuiver sity in the fall, if thoy do not con tinue all summer. Tbe faculty ii begining to wonder what it will di with its oookstoves if the habit bc com?.s moro general-as it premise to do in September.-St. Louis Bc public - mm - Slops Cough sad Works off ina Cold. Laxative Bromo-Quinino Tablet cure a cold in one day. No Cure, N Pay. Price 25 cents. The South Carolina College. ? ThA'?o^^CK^na.^C^?hisa ladonna \toxwtpi*att Nptnaaa Incurred in the Revolution. Dur. Mn* UM century that ls closing the Col les? baa contributed largely ta UM statesmanship. the patriotism, UM learning and the high moral alandardi that have prevailed In South Carolina and her sister States. The roll of Col lege A?umnl contains the names of meo who have become noted in all the pur suits . of life, both in peace and war. The exigencies or the struggle between the States closed the college in 1883, and the buildings were used as hesp?* tais for sick and wounded Confederates But as soon us peace was restored the institution was reopened by the "On government" and enjoyed several year? of success until it waa overturned dur ing the Radical regime. Since 1880, how ever, the college lins been continuously open, and haa educated hundreds of young men and a number of young women, who for some years have been permitted to partake of its udvantages. Orlginp'ty the College was known us a literacy institution, although from early tlmss its faculty contained seien, tists of great ability, but of late years its courses have broadened out so aa to embrace also technical scientific in struction, instruction in law and a course In practical methods for teach ers. President Benjamin Sloan, the head of the Department of Physics and. En gineering, ls a graduate of West Point, and was a distinguished ofllcer of ord nance during the war between the States. His graduates in engineering are now occupying most responsible positions In different parts of the United States. Professor Joseph Daniel Pope, dean of the Law Department, has had wide experieiic-c in government in the legislative halla of the State and in the Secession Convention, and is recognized aa high authority in law and In equity jurisprudence. Some of the other mem bers of the faculty have had dis tinguished careers in this College, while others have brought to lt the best methods of colleges and universities elsewhere. The most recent and most Important addition that has been made to the usefulness of the College is the estab lishment of scholarships to be given to one man-teacher in each county who has taught at least one year. This ls intended to offer the advantages of pro fessional training to one who has al ready gathered practical experience In direct eontact with pupils in the school room and realizes the difficulties that must be surmounted. Professor Ward law, who is at the head of the depart ment In pedagogy, is eminent in his profession both as a student and as v practical teacher and school superin tendent. k The College io situated at the capital of the State and affords to the student opportunity for studying the workings ,of the government In a direct way. It ,1s accessible from all parts of the State and is In a healthful locality. The re ligious advantages are exceptional be cause each of the principal denomina tions has a prosperous congregation in Columbia. Expenses. are moderate. There ls a suite of three rooms for each .pair of students, warm in winter and iwell ventilated in summer. A large campus, a fine gymnasium ur,-: an ex cellent athletic field afford ample op portunity for exercise. The College is Increasing In useful ness and in prosperity with the in ?creased prosperity, of the State, and.the prospects are-that with the new century i this Institution will surpass ?the ad mirable record* lt has already ~* ' ?. m * rn? Qneeu Victoria's Bible Class. Queen Victoria's home when she was st-ving in the oity of London was. Buckingham Palace. Here here was quite an army of servants, many of whom were married and had children, and BO the Queen made up her mind to form a Bible olass for thc special benefit of these children. The Queen taught the olass herself and many of the. children who have since grown up to beman and women, we are told, look back with intente plea jure and pride to the time wheo thoy hr.d the Queen of England for Cb?ir Sunday sohool teacher. In teaching her olass the Queen would choose a chapter in the Bible which the scholars would read io turn, verse by verso. . She would then ex plain tho more diffioult passages io the simplest language and point out what lessons were to be learned from the chapter. The service would then be dosed by the singing of some fav orito children's hymns and prayer. T-Cburoh Eclectic. - Everybody longs to be a farmer except the ono who is. SECRETS At the Prloe of Suffering. Woman on her ? ay to temi* Invalidism caused by pregnancy Buffers much pain and terror. ignorance prompts her to suffer alone in silence, nnd remain In the dark as to the truo cause Mother*? Friend takes the doctor's pince at her aide, and sha has no cause- for an interview-. Sha Is her own doctor, a- I ber modesty ls protected. Dally application over the region nf tho breast andabove the abdomen, throughout rre? nancy, wUl enablo her to undergo the period of gestation ta a ch- -ful mood and re... undis turbed. - Mother's Friend ls a Liniment, and . . t external use onty. It Is odorless and will not stain women's pretty finders, lt would inaeed be shameful If the sacrifice of modesty were necessary to the suc cessful issue of healthy children. All women about to become mothers need send only tn a drugstore andiorfl.OO secure tho prixo child birth remedy. .... . , ..._ Sweet motherly nntldpaUon and healthy babies are the result of the uso of Mctner . l* Chambo.-,'? "Motherhood" maileJ free. AU wemen should have lt. THE BRADFIELD REGULATOR CO., ATLANTA*, oppor tunity to explain the merits of THE ACORN We alBO carry a complete sod up-to date line of TINWARE, Vf EN WARE and HOUSE FURNISHINGS. Guttering, Plumbing and Electric Wiring executed on short ao?e?r. Yours truly, ARCHER & NORRI*?. F?RJWNG TOOL NOTHING is more gratifying to an up-to-date Farmer than to haye ? well-equipped outfit to begin his Spring work, and this he is sure to get when? he does his trading with us. We can sell you PLOWS, PLOW STOCKS, SINGLE: TREES, > HEEL BOLTS, CL?V1CES, HAMBS? TRACES, COLLARS, COLLAR PADS? BACK BANDS, PLOW LINES, BRIDLES. And everything necessary to begin plowing, except the Mule, and we'fean. I "sight" you to a Mule trade. .We still have a few Syracuse Turn Plows that we are closing out [at av very low price, and can furnish you with the Terracing Wing. Come in and let UB show you our 7-foot Perfection Trace Chain at(50o: pair. Nothing in the Trace line compares with this Chain. Don't you need a hog pasture ? We have the Wire Fence for you. BROCK HARDWARE COMPANY. O 22! S 0 ft SS * ?l? ?Sa CFS o w Q ? O < M M OD ? < ? fe M H 3 o M OD sj SI 8 > & S S-B > g o ce e O O to TAKE NOTICE. Do not Fail to try our Spec ally Prepared 8 1-2 2-2 Petrified - Bone Fertilizers for Gram* We have all grades of Ammoniated F?rtil izers and Acid Phosphates, also Kaimt, Ni trate of Soda and Muriate of x otas h; all put up in new bags; thoroughly pulverized, and no better can be found in the market. . We shall be pleased to have your orclejr. AK9EBS0H PHOSPHATE MD Oil CO.