Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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WHERE JACK .A. Correspondent Vis Immortal w<,Ston St. Louis Ghi CHAXCELLOKS VILLE. VA., June 25. -With the army engineers who came from'Washington to inspect and report upon the great group of battlefields were men who had fought over this ground acre by acre under Burnside, Hooker and Grant in the successive starts for Richmond. There were others in the party who had been with Lee and Jackson and Longstreet, j What they marveled at most was that I thirty-odd years' after they faced each | other on ithe bloodiest fields of the j war they came to find the same build-1 ings, the same proportions of farm j and forest, the same roads and stone walls. Perhaps nowhere else in all of the States which furnished fighting ground could there be found so little change as here. It is almost as if the Almighty had said to the shrines of America's greatest sacrifices, "Peace! Be Still!" and thereafter the progres . sive hand of man had been stayed for j a third of a century. The engineers and their party rode | out of Fredericksburg by what was : the peach orchard over which Burn side's lines of battle advanced to the impossible attack upon ^ Mary e's . Heights in December of 1862. They passed along the sunken road and in front of the stone wall at the foot of the heights, where dean men lay so thi jk ti at December morning of 1862 that, as a local historian said, it was j possible to walk fora quarter.of a miie stepping from corpse to corpse. From this awe-inspiring spot the party took the old Orange plank road and went dae west over a gently undulating country with wheat in the shock, the corn knee high and the grass ready for the mower. Some of the farms have passed to the possession of others than those who held them a third of a ' t century ago. But in many cases the buildings and the fields are as they ' Were. Four miles out on the plank road is Salem church, a plain brick structure, standing at a convenient crossroads, . with a little graveyard behind and no houses immediately near-a ' place of worship in the woods typical of the old Virginia custom. Sedgwick, with his corps, came out the .plank road on the 5th of May/1863. He had cross ed the river near Fredericksburg and . had stormed Marje's Heights success fully, because'his longer Hues were able to. wrap themselves around the flanks of the smaller force Lee had left there to ohec^ this movement. Sedgwick was on the way by forced . march to reach Hooker at Chancellors ville/ . Having won the second Fred ericksbarg, where Burnside had'failed so signally the previous December, he ' proceeded out the plank road, but when he reached Salem church, a lit tle less thant half of the way to Chan cellorsville, he esme upon McLaw's division, posted to stop him. And then followed'a day of fighting which has gone into history as the battle of Salem church and which is only dwarfed by the much heavier losses on the neighboring fields. The walls .of the brick church are' scarred and perforated with the cannon and mus ket balls. Frank Hume, a Washing ton merchant, who was in thc fighting &c Fredericksburg, tells how the . wounded were brought into Salem church all night long to be treated by the surgeons. The operating tables were near the altar. A window near was open, and as the shattered limbs were taken off they were tossed out through that window. "On the morning after the battle," said Mr. Hume, "I saw in front of that window a heap of arms and legs higher than my head." 1 Where those operating tables stood and where that ghastly work went cn .all night th?re is to-day a memorial altar, in front of which the farmers ' worship, it was erected by the joint J contributions of survivors of a South 1 Carolina regiment and a new Jersey 1 regiment which fought each other 1 desperately at the church in 1863. J And the Sunday school of Salem ; is to-day supported by an annual con tribution of an army post in New 1 Jersey. 1 Sedgwick was delayed by having to 1 take Marve's Heights. He was more severely checked ali Salem church, be- ' ing compelled to draw off after the fighting of May 5, aid to make his ' way to the northward toward the . Rappahannock instead of proceeding straight along the plank road to the support of Hooker, only half a do'/en miles away. Salem church is left behind for a . succession of rolling farms, with fre- . quent strips of dense timber. The farm houses are s ;t well back from < the plank road upon thc elevations .commanding the surrounding fields. : Each has its clump of stately trees 1 and its look of simple comfort. But the soil is none too fertile. Much of ?he corn is what a western farmer would call spindling and light in color. And yet the strips of forest, with the SON FOUGHT. its tlie Scenes o?* the Lewall?s?? Death. bc-D?moeral. dense undergrowth, tell of the strength and richness of the virgin land. Fro the chopping and the grubbing neces sary to clear new land the white man has shrunk. Thc negro no longer works at the master's bidding. An so the old fields are coaxed to yield something in return for the fertilizer and the cultivation, while forest re mains as it was when the armies marched and deceived, deployed an fought. v Midway of one of these strips of forest five miles beyond Salem church the Catharpen road crosses Orange plank road, not at right angles, but bearing to the southwest. Au oak towers above the lower growth at the crossing. Under it Lee and Stonewall Jackson consulted and devised one of the most noteworthy of strategic movements on the morning of the 2d of May, 1863. Hooker"s army, ex cepting Sedgwick's corps, was stretch ed in a long line less than two miles away. Hooker himself was making the Chancellor mansion his head quarters. His divisions were along the plank road and in the woods near it. His left was turned back around the eastern side of thc Chancellor mansion. His right lay westward down the plank road, covering a dis tance of two miles or more, lt was a magnificent position. A civilian can see its strength to-day. Around the Chancellor house were open fields in which to place the guns and to ar range the supporters. Fringing the fields was the timber, in which the line of battle had been formed in rifle pits to await the attack. And the very nature of the respective positions forced Lee to assume the offensive or to retreat down the Catharpen road to ward Richmond. Numbers as well.as position favored Hooker. At Freder icksbnrg was Sedgwick getting ready to come up in the rear of thc Confede rate army. On that morning, under the oak still standing, a betting man would have said that Hooker had by ali odds the best of it. Jackson's proposition was daring. He asked Lee to let him take his command, 22,000 men, about two thirds of the force-present, and march away down the Catharpen road. This road would be called not much more than a path in some parts of the coun try. It is narrow. It winds through the forest so closely bordered that large trees make an arch overhead. The undergrowth is so thick that at a distance of 100 yards passers on the road cannot be seen. Lee consented rather dubiously. The "proposition was better than a retreat, which was about all that could be said of it as a promise of results. Living to-day on the battlefield is James Talley, a well preserved, substantial old farmer, who was sent for by Lee, and assigned to guide Jackson. Mr. Talley tells how the 22,000 men were put in motion immediately down the Catharpen road. He led the way by a course rapidly di verging from Hooker's front. At the start Hooker was only two miles or less away. But Jackson's column widened the distance until three or four miles separated it from the Union front. From time to time commands were sent out into the wooes between the marching column and the front of Hooker to do some shooting and a good deal of shouting, 1 with the idea of making the Federals 1 believe an attack was coming from 1 that direction. Thc Catharpen road 1 was followed to the fork, where the ? Furnace road bears off to the west- t ward. Tally conducted Jackson into * the Furnace road. Thence the route * was almost parallel to Hooker's front, c hut three miles or so to thc south. It 1 led past the old furnace. Talley came I to a cross road, a narrow neighborhood 1 lane connecting thc Furnace road with * the Orange plank road. It had been I the purpose to turn up this road and to form at that point thc lines for fc attack upon thc front of Hooker's 1 right, which was along the plank road. 1 But Talley says that just before the e advance, which he was guiding, reach- 1 ad this cross road, an old negro came a running to meet them and told them s the Yankees were cooking supper and * could be seen from a hill on thc cross c road. Calling Tally to go with them, 1 .Jackson and Fit/.hugh Lee galloped ? up the cross road to the hill. There, looking across thc intervening woods a mile or more, they saw the men of y Howard's Eleventh corps, with arms 1 stacked in thc open fields along the g plank road, their camp fires smoking, c Jackson grasped the situation at a i glance. He saw that his intentions a were wholly unknown to the Federal i .ommanders. He saw that there was * opportunity to make thc surprise even f more.complete than he had expected, t Turning to Lee he told him to go back i to prevent the column from turning c into the cross road and to keep it c moving right cn westward by the Fur- t nace road. Jackson followed, and his G army went right on beyond thc un- s conscious I nion troops two miles to the right. The westward course was continued until it brought the van, with Talley guiding, to the Brock roads, leading northward to the Orange road. Up thc Brock road Jackson turned his column at nuickening step. About wuere Howard's corps was cooking meat and coffee and getting ready for a peaceful night, the Orange road forks into tho Orange pike and the Orange plank road. The plank road is south. After diverging for' some distance the plank road runs nearly parallel with the pike, with a distance of a mile or so between. As his column moved along across these two roads it executed a movement which brought it into position for action almost without halting. Battle lines were formed facing east. From marching northward in a column, the divisions, as fast as they reached thc pike and lapped over, faced to the right and presented a battle front. Tally says there were#> three lines, the front in heavy skirmishing order, the others solid and heavy. There was hardly a check in the movement. As the lines of battle were formed the men shed knapsacks in long rows and went forward. A hill and several strips of forest made up the mile which separated Jackson in battle formation from Howard's corps. The time was 5 o'clock in the afternoon. Thc sun was casting long shadows as Jackson's lines went forward. Most of Howard's men never got into posi tion to face the onset. They were caught upon the side and in the rear. Regiment after regiment, brigade after brigade was rolled up into the strug gling mass as Jackson came on, and was shoved along, eastward. The Orange road is of generous width. It was soon filled from side to side with the panic-stricken. The great roaring mass moved down the road toward the Chancellor mansion, threatening to break the Twelfth corps into the same confusion. Hooker saw the mass of fugitives coming, and with .his staff faced and charged it. Heroism of officers gradually drew an organi/.atian here and another there out of the wreck. Lines were hurriedly formed across the road and in'thc fields and woods facing Jackson. When the Confederates struck the right of Howard in the beginning, Talley says, there was no resistance. But the progress of Jackson's lines grew slower and slower. The Confederates were themselves thrown into confusion by the woods and by the varying degrees of resistance encountered at different parts of the lines. Darkness came on. Whether it was smoke or clouds, the men who were there agree that the night was inky. Subordinate officers appeared to Jackson and urged a halt until morning, telling how exhausted their men were and how impossible it was to maintain their organization in the confusion which had developed. The word was given and .Jackson's men lay down to cat the supper Howard's men had left behind and to wait for morning. Books have been written in the con troversial efforts to explain the sur prise and to locate thc responsibility tor it. Tally lives on the road. His ?elds are where Howard's men were taking things easy. Thc Union sol licrs had slaughtered cattle in the norning, and were cooking the meat :or supper. As the Confederates ;ame up they speared great hunks of neat with their bayonets and carried :hem along in the charge. Thc house n which Talley now lives was thc iead<iuarters of Devens. Across the oad from Talley's is the Hawkins louse, where General Carl Schurz had lia headquarters. Hawkins was at lome that day by no will of his own. dc had been made a prisoner by Gen ial Schurz. He heard thc specula ions of the Federal officers as the day ./ore on. The officers had learned hat the Confederates were marching [own thc Catharpen road, and they nterpreted it exactly as Jackson and vee intended. They were sure it neant retreat. And so they remained n ignorance of thc Confederate plan. , X wasn't until half an hour before Tackson's lines came charging over : he fields that there was the slightest mpression of impending danger, and : hen it was too late to make any gen irai formation of opposing lines. As he Union troops retired in disorder : .nd Jackson's lines came up Hawkins ays found himself in thc presence of ? lis own regiment. He was a Goofed- , ?rate, and had come home on a fur ough. His company charged through tis own door-yard, and he fell in. Perhaps in thc whole history of the ?ar there was no such night as fol owed. Hooker and his subordinate ;enerals worked at the reconstruction if the lines to bc ready for thc fight ng which everybody knew must come : it dawn. Bodies of troops were moved n the darkness and through the I roods. Hooker had to complete a new . ront, facing Jackson, as well as main- i ain his old front facing Lee. Begi- l nents moving to take their places cn- i ountered other regiments of their I >wn side, and fired volleys into them i >efore the mistake was discovered. ' Che same was true on thc Confederate I ide. Seores of soldiers fell that I night from bullets fired bj* their com rades. Great as was thc successs of his move?cent against the right flank, Jackson did not rest with the fruits of one piece of strategy. Scarcely had his men lain down by their arms to wait for daylight wheu Jackson began to plan another surprise. He formed a column of half a dozen regi ments of cavalry and infantry in the rear of his line of battle and sent them away with Talley as their guide. They were to go back some distance and make a detour to the north, with the purpose of reaching and re-inforcing Stuart, who was moving to get a small force between Hooker and thc fords of the Kappahannock. The additional regiments which Talley was leading were to give Stuart the strength to seize and hold the fords and thus cut off Hooker's communication with Washington. This done, Jackson be lieved that the destruction of the Union army was assumed. But while Talley led the rc-enforce ments away in the darkness Jackson rode forward to the front and to death. "If I had been with him," said Talley, "what followed would not have happened. I do not think he realized what he was doing. I knew every foot of the way, and could have kept him out of daDger. Jackson rode for ward to lay his plans for the morning. I believe he was looking for a road which led off from '.he plank road to the northward through the woods in the direction of the United States ford. My idea is that he meant to throw part of his line further over to thc north of the Orange road, so as to be cn Hooker's rear, as well as his flank, in the morning, and thus to co operate with Stuart in cutting off re treat. This road leading through the woods was just where our advance line had rested at the close of the fighting. Jackson had given strict or ders to fire on any one seen approach ing from the Federal side. He rode forward by the plank road and turned into the woods, where this road to the ford branched off. It was very dark. I don't believe Jackson knew that he had passed his own outposts. He had gone along this branch road only a hundred yards or so when some soldier down the Confederate line fired. Then there was another shot, and another, as I heard the story from one of the couriers who was with, Jackson. The firing came along the line until oppo site where Jackson and his party were, and then it became a volley directed toward them. Nearly every horse was killed. Several of the party were shot. Jackson was hit in both arms. His horse plunged away from the Con federate line toward the Federals, but the general was just able to turn him back and to*go a few yards, when he fell. His men crawled out and found him iu front of their position." The Union troops replied to the fire with which the Confederates had shot Jackson. An officer lay down beside the beloved general to shield him with his body while waiting for the stretcher, and was shot. A stretcher bearer was struck as thc general was being carried to the rear, and the stretcher fell, giving Jackson a severe shock. The simple but massive monument of gran ite says, "On this spot fell mortally wounded Thomas J. Jackson." The ex-Confederates who were with Jack son say that thc exposure and weak ness, aggravated by the moving of the wounded man from place to place, brought on pneumonia, which resulted fatally several days after the wounds were received. The words which Lee uttered standing beside Jackson are engraved on one face of the monument : "Could I have directed events, I should have chosen, for the good of the country, to have been disabled in your stead. I congratulate you upon the victory which is due to your skill and energy." Another inscription are the last words of Jackson: "Let us pass over the river and rest under the shade of the trees." The granite monument, surrounded by a high iron fence, stands where Jackson lay awaiting the stretcher after his soldiers found him. Forty feet in front of it is a massive boulder, planted to show where Jackson fell from his horse. Thc general was about 100 yards further tn the woods when the volley from his own men al most annihilated his little party. At the base of Jackson's monument rests a large wreath, placed there on the re cent Decoration day by Pennsylva nians, who came with Collis to dedi cate a stone near by to thc memory of thirty-eight members of thc 114th Pennsylvania, Collis' Zouaves, who fell there. Jackson's strategy ended with his fall. Talley led the reinforcements to Stuart, but they were not employed in the movement, intended. Stuart was obliged to give up his demonstra tion against thc fords and to take Jackson's command. The lighting ?icemcd continuous on some parts of the field all night, but when morn ing came it became desperate all along the lines. Thc 2d of May was the lay of strategy at Chancellorsville, rho 3d of May was tho day of the bat tle. Hooker saved his army. Lee tried to follow up tho advantages of thc day before, but the resistance was too much for him. Gradually the I'nion army fell back from Chancel lorsville. Sedgcwick's forced march to the relief of Hooker was foiled by the battle at Salem Church on the 5th. lletiring slowly. Hooker recrossed the Rappahannock. The second start for Richmond by this route had failed. For twelve months Confederate wagons were engaged iu hauling off the field of Chancellorsville thc war material which Hooker left belli nd. To Chancellorsville attaches the impression of a town, or at least a village. Chancellorsville was a mag nificent estate before the war. It had a great mansion, where fifty people could be accommodated, with out buildings and (|uarters, far-spreading fields, and mineral springs once of considerable note. To-day a half of the great mansion stauds, an imposiag structure on its elevation. Studded in the massive walls arc cannon balls and jagged pieces of shells. The barn has disappeared. The outbuildings are reduced in number.. Thc cultiva tion of the fields is only partial. For miles through the woods can be fol lowed the earthworks which the men of Hooker and of Lee builded while they faced each other. Chancellors ville and the fields and woods sur rounding form one liuk in thc chain of battlefields from Frcdcricksburg to Spottsylvania which thc government is to acquire and to preserve. Her Thought in View of Dealh. Mildred-Have you ever though! that your last moment had come' What an awful feeling it is that comes over one at such a time! Gertrude-Yes. I had that experi ence once when I was out riding with a fellow and his horse started to run away. It seemed as if we would cer tainly bc dashed to pieces. Mildred-And what was the first thing you thought of when death seemed to stare you in thc face. Gertrude-A hole in the toe of my left stocking. I have never since then run the risk of being found dead in such a condition.-CJiicago Time* Herald. There is a story of a man who was so busy looking at the stars that, as he walked, he stumbled , into a well. That's / the story of a typi- j cal man, too busy .viv-v^ ! things ty off[ to notice more important things near by. One-sixth of all deaths are from con sumption. But the man goes along with his eyes bulging to watch cholera and yellow fever. He disdains to cure the cold or check the little cough, and con sumption trips him up. Don't neglect little ailments. Keep the system up to the poi ut of effectual resistance against disease. This is best done by the use of Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery. Tt strengthens the stomach, increases thc action of the blood-making glands, cures all disorders of the organs of digestion and nutrition, except cancer of the stomach, purifies thc blood, increases the vital energy and so enables the body to resist and throw off disease. Even when there is emaciation, weakness, hectic, cough, bleeding at the lungs and other alarming symptoms, "Golden Medical Discovery" can be counted on to help every time and to heal 98 times out of cvery'hundred. Sick people can consult Dr. R. V. Pierce, Buffalo, Ni Y., by letter, without fee or charge. Every letter is read in private, and treated as a sacred confidence. Alt replies are sent in plain envelopes. ''Last spring t was taken with severe pains tn my chest, and wa3 so weak I could hardly walk about the house," says Mrs. G. K. Kerr, of Kort Dodge. Webster Co., Iowa. " I tried several physician* and they told nie [ had consumption, I heard of Dr. Pierce's ('.olden Medical Discov ery and I thought I would try some of it. Before I had taken the first bottle I was very much bet ter; I took five bottles of it and have not yet had any return of the trouble." Headache is cured by using Dr. Pierce's Pleasant Pellets. KAMNQL HEADACHE, NEURALGIA, LA GRIPPE. Believes all pain. I 25c. all Druggists. If you want Bargains go to. CHEAP JOHN'S, The Five Cent Store. IF you want SIIOE9 cheap go to ('heap John's, the Five Cent Store. For your TOBACCO and CIGARS ifs the placo to get them cheap. Schnapps Tobacco. .".T'c. Eariy Bird Tobacco. X,{c. (tay Bird Tobacco. '?5c. Our Leader Tobacco. ?T^c. Nabob's Cigars. J c. each. Stogies.1 forf>c. Premio or Habana.for f>c. OJd Glory. Sc. a park. Ar buckle's Coll?e Ho. pound No. i> Coffee 9c. pound. Soda 10 lbs. for 2.r>e. Candies tic. per pound. CHEAP JOHN ia ahead in Laundry and Toilet Soaps, Box and Stick Blue in fact, everything of that kind. Good >s-day Clock, guarani ?ed for five years, $1.95. Tinware to beat the band. JOHN A, HAYES. Tlie Kind You Have Always Bought, and which lias been iii use for over ?50 years, lias borne the signature ot' ^0 - anti has been made under his per xjZ^l^7-^^- sonni supervision since its infancy. ^^-^rv/. S-tZtc/u/lt Allow no one to deceive you in this. AU Counterfeits, Imitations and Substitutes are but Ex periments that trille with and endanger the health of Infants and Children-Experience against Experiment. What is CASTOR IA Castoria is a substitute for Castor Oil, Paregoric, Drops and Soothing Syrups. It is Harmless and Pleasant. It contains neither Opium, Morphine nor other Narcotic substance. Its age is Its guarantee. It destroys Worms and allays Feverishness. It cures Diarrhoea and Wind Colic. It relieves Teething- Troubles, cures Constipation and Flatulency. It assimilates the Food, regulates the Stomach and BOAVCIS, giving healthy and natural sleep. Thc Children's Panacea-The Mother's Friend. GENUINE CASTORIA ALWAYS Bears the Signature of The Kind You Haie Always Bought Sn Use For Over 30 Years. THE CENTAUR COMPANV. 77 MURRAY STREET. NCWYODK CITY. ?immmmsmmmmmmi AT A BARGAIN ! Oie SO-Saw ?Ell G?ll Gi, Feeler ii Condenser. BRAND NEW. ALSO, a few Second-hand Gins. The Hall Gin is given up to be the best Gin now built. Nothing cheap about it but the price. I still handle the BRENNAN ?ANE MILL-the only Self-Oiling Mill now sold. EVAPORATORS and FURNACES, SMOKE STACKS for Eugines, &c. at bottom pries, manufactured of Galvanized Iron. CORNICE aod FUNNELS, TIN ROOFING, GUTTERING and PLUMBING of all kinds. Also, GRAVEL ROOFING and STOVES of the best makes. CROCKERY. GLASSWARE, FRUIT JARS-WHITE RUBBERS the best. TINWARE at any price to suit the wants of our customers. For any of the above will make you pri:es that you will buy of me, and ask your inspection of Goods and prices. Thanking all my friends and cus tomers for their liberal patronage, Respectfully, JOHN T. BURRISS. P. S.-Bring your RAGS._ To the Unshod, Bare-oacked, ' and Hungry Population : HEAR hs for our cause, for our canse is your cause. It is unseemly for u grea and powerful nation to shake from its feet its sandals, to divest itself of its clothing and to scrape the bottom of the flour barrel in its efforts to eke out a living ou blackberries and melons. We are no Filipinos. What, then, shall ye waar and wherewithal shall your appetites be clothed ? Verily, if ye would walk in pride, like the strutting peacock, ye must FEEL like struttiDg. No man putteth on a paper-bottom Shoe, clotheth himself in shoddy raiment and eateth black Flour goeth out to parade himself as a "good reeler.'' But he that wears our all-leather ?1.00 Sboes, buys our Standard Dry Goods and eats only Dean's Patent Flour, is a hummer with chin-whiskers, and his name shall be Rockefeller, Mathuselah or "something better." We'll SAVE YOU MONEY and a peck of trouble. DEAN & RATLIFFE, TEE RARGAIN PRINCES. Parties owing us for FERTI LIZERS will please call in and give Notes for same at once. STOV?S, TINWARE, CROCKERY. ALARGE LINE, carefully selected to suit the public. We sell the Iron King Elmo and C arl&nd Stoves and Ranges, and the Times and Good Times, iiuth. Cottage and Michigan Cook Stoves, ranging in price from $7.00 to ?35.00. All are guaranteed to give perfect satisfaction, if not money will be refunded. Be sure you make us a call before buying a Cook Stove. We are bound to sell you and are sure to please you. We will take your old Stove in part payment for a new one. Our TINWARE is the best on the market. We carry a welJ-selected Stock o? CHINA, such as Dinner Sets, Tea Sets and Chamber Sets. We also carry a full line of PORCELAIN GOODS. Also, a nice line of GLASSWARE. We do all kinds of ROOFING-Tin Roofing, Slate Rooting-and Repair work. We will be pleased to have you give us a call before buying. OSBORNE & OSBORNE. N. B.-All Accounts due Osborne it Clinkscales must be settled. FOB_ Fancy and Staple Groceries, Flour, Sugar, Coffee, Molasses, Tobacco, And Cigars, COME TO ?JJ. C. OSBORNE. South Mam Street, below Bauk of Anderson, Phone and Free Delivery. W. H. Harrison's Old Stand. 0. D. & BRO. FLOURFLOUR! ???>0 BARRELS. GOT every grade you are looking for. We know what you want, and we've got the prices right. Can't give it to you, but we will sell you high grade Flour 25 to 35c cheaper than any competition. Low ?irade F!om 83.00 per barrel. Car EAR CORN and stacks of Shelled Corn. Buy while it is cheap advancing rapidly. We know where to buy and get good, souud Corn cheap OATS, HAY and BRAN. Special prices by the ton. We wont your trade, and if honest dealing? and low pi ices count w?. will get iU Yours for Business, O. D. ANDERSON & BRO. I?, Now is your chance to get Tobacco cheap. Closing out odds and ends in Caddies. .