Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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l?RMING ON A ,;<><)<> .A-cre Corn I Over S*509000~Ds Nets Near] Bft.e following special article was red by Mr. Frank Spearman for B\re know what the railroads did last ire know what thc mauufactur ;:j wo know what the merchants , [0 a year, then, like 1898, when ! r.j? in so many brantdies ol Amer ?:n.hs5try weiro smashed, what did ! American f armer do? [fjjjiict1 sheets arc unhappily scarce j . farmers; the few which are are hard to get at; for these s-Q* the one here presented is of lH.?al interest. It is not from a R^r farm : it is not a paper balance; \\i ita paper farmer who makes showing- It is what no American H;fr; has ever before presented to readers-an actual glimpse at the ?ct? and workings of a model Arueri fsriii. This farm, looatcd in the |jte of Iowa, contains ti,OOO acres its business is to produce corn. lo"k first at the investment and ti that the land was not bought in early day for a song, but within [rte years and at the market price. ??VESTMENT-IOWA CORN FARM. nd-?;.D00 acres at $30 an acre.$180,000.00 ildings. 43,021.64 ?i. 17,701.21 chioery. 17,773.98 Total.$258,496.83 The operation of this farm for 1898 owe a net profit of over $50,000. ming out of the comparison patents d good-will, neither of which con futed to this result, what other ?e of business on an equal capitali sm can make a better showing? EXPENSE ACCOUNT OF THE IOWA FARM FOR THE YEAR 1898. ibor.$13,912.96 ouse supplies.. 4,368.81 ief. 1,384.10 ?es. 1,551.06 odrics. 760.00 eight. 500.00 rine. 437.25 ty. 339.19 Furance. 200.00 1. 109.62 pails. 112.80 gal expense.... 40.05 el. 7.20 total.$23,794.04 ?ditby discount. .$106.00 =5 road tax. 43.26 - 149.26 t expense of Iowa farm or the 12 months of 1898. $23,644.78 MOSS RETURNS FROM THE IOWA CORN FARM. >.IH)G bushels of oom at Hh cents.#64.500.00 I?'JU bushels of wheat at 50 cents . 10,000.00 OOO bushels of oats re served for feed. - Total.?74,500.00 luct the expenses. 23,644.78 ?et profit.$50,044.78 i particularly valuable comparison he expense difference between run ~ -. n - ?. 4>" .3 _ A. C o b a tutu miui auu a, nue? ?aiui Gi al size is afforded by the fact that owner of the Iowa corn farm also is and operates a six-thousand-acre :at farm in the Red Uiver Valley korth Dakota. DAKOTA WHEAT FARM E\PEN*E AMOUNT. or.$12,632.39 ise supplies. 1,718 31 e?. 1,202.90 ?airs. .,. 1,084.78 chines. 1,062.00 ne. 987.25 1.... 495.90 f . A an on .y?. . . LKiU.OM dries..... 649.10 sonal. 254.38 'ght. 206.69 . 135.82 d. 83.81 '. 22.50 et expense._$20,998.63 RETURNS FROM TlfE DAKOTA XV ll EAT FARM. dits by wheat shipments.$40,050.00 s expense. 20,998.63 :et profits in 1898.._$19,051.97 or the wheat farm 1898 was an rage ye?r, the yield being 18 bush per acre and 'the price an average ?e. It has produced for its owner sateen successive crops, one of ch alone netted him "$72,000. he two expense acconnts show ious difference's. In Iowa men are sd for the entire crop season of tit months at*$18 and board per nth. In 'Dakota they aro hired fdr actual se?'ding in'the spring add harvesting in'thc fall at from $1.50 ^ per day. Tn the end 'the labor, money-wage account, ls about tho ie thing, 'as will bc seen; but the 'se supply account is much heavier the corn farm. m the ' c?rn farm the item of re rs was nominal, thc plant under sent ownership being new, while items of repairs and machines on LARGE SCALE. Farm Nets a Profit ol' - -? ?- v-. ?^?- ? ? ?i^-in. -k-? cia. ni y S20,000. thc wheat farm represent the average annual expenditure for replacing and keeping up the machinery. Twine is naturally the larger item on the wheat farm. The Iowa farm supplies its own fuel. On the Dakota fa rm coal is re quired. Here, too, note that the corn farm is planted with OOO bushels of corn, costing $JS0, while to seed the wheat farm requires 8,000 bushels of wheat, worth in 1808 ?8,000. Again in Da kota five hundred acres of oats barely feeds the 100 head of mules, while in Iowa 2o0 acres of corn feeds the same number easily. These differences, together with the seed difference and the twine difference, sometimes handi cap the profit account of the wheat farm $10,000 a year to start with. now rr WAS POKE. The essentials of a profitable farm are good land, well drained, but not too rolling, and accessibility to lea sonablc transportation. Six thousand acres being about three miles square, makes the largest farm which can be operated to advantage from a single central station; a larger acreage sim ply means two or more farms. About April 1 men and mules move on the fields in battalions. Four horse seeders, four-foot harrows, and six-horse gang-plows maneuver for six weeks like an army, sowing small grain, picking and planting oom. Tho minute the small grain is sown 31 corn planters are thrown behind the plows, and in this work lies largely the success or failure of the crop. Note, for instance, the pains taken in selecting the seed corn. A perfect stand of corn is the first requisite of a large yield. From a choice piece of land previously plant ed with selected seed about 2,000 bushels of the finest ears are taken. From these an expert selects 600 bushels. These ears arc placed on racks in a building arranged especially for a seed house. Whatever the ther mometer registers in Iowa, the tem perature in that seed-house never falls below freezing. All this insures the highest germinating power in the seed, and that alone might, in case of a cold, wet spring, save the entire profit of the season by producing a good stand. The planting must of necessity be done by machinery, and to secure the maximum yield three seed kernels must be dropped in each hill. If five drop in, that hill is lost to the profit account. If only one, it is partially lost. But perfect as American farming machinery is, it does not leave the factory perfect enough to insure against irregular planting. Patiently and by a series of exhaustive tests the planter plates are so adjusted to the size of the seed, kernels for each year that they will deposit an average of sixty-five kernels to every twenty bills, and not more than four nor less than two in any one. So great arc the precautions that before the seed is shelled the tips and buts of the seed ears are cut off to secure kernels of an even size. Even after this delicate adjustment of the best machinery in the worlds foremen follow the 31 planters and at intervals open bills to count the seed deposits and make sure that each ma chine is doing its work. In addition, a purse of $100 is split in eight prizes between the eight men who do the best work and whose teams mark the straightest rows. With such method is it any wonder that the crop on this farm averaged 60 bushels per acre, against the average of "32 bushels as given Iowa by the government report for 1898? After the seeding, the harrowing; and it is done with extraordinary energy and concentration. One hun dred and forty sections of four-foot harrows sweep the fields like a charge of cavalry. ?very time they move a mile 62 aores are covered. When the 3,800 acTes of corn are up and ready 76 two-horse cultivators are put into it. The point in the first cultivation one way and in the second the other way, is to get as close as possible to thc corn; but after the pains to place it there no plant must be left covered by a clod of earth. The field hand must uncover it, and a 'foreman on horseback behind each twenty men is held responsible for his crew's work. In the third and final cultivation the earth is thrown up against the plant, the small weeds in the hill being smothered and thc large ones being pulled by hand, lt will be of interest to merchants and to theo logical professors to learn that it rs not the weed in the row, but the one in the hill, that mars the beauty of thc balance sheet. The corn being now three feet high, the stalks prevent further cultivation. Into this field, approximating one mile in width and six miles in length, are sent in October 75 wagons and men for the husking. This takes 60 days, and a row of cribs 10 feet wide and 16 feet high, half a mile long, are requir ed to hold the crop. lu harvesting thc small grain it is threshed directly from the shock, sav ing the cost of stacking and rehand ling. Elevators provide against heat ing. A further saving of 5 to S per cent over the operations of thc small farmer is effected in shipping to ter minal points instead of selling to local grain-buyers. Future options may also be sold against the growing crop on market bulges at a season when the small farmer could not ordinarily deliver his crop. The soil is kept in a high state of fertility by a rotation of crops so ar ranged that each piece of land bears three crops of corn, next of wheat, in which clover is sown, next one of clover plowed under; then follow again the three crops of corn. The clover is simply a fertilizer, a portion only of thc tirst crop being cut for bay. and the remainder plowed under to maintain thc vitality of the soil. The large roots act as a subsoil er and the deposing vegetable matter restores thc nitrogen taken by the grain. In order that thc maximum amount of field work may be obtained, no "chores" are required of thc men other than the cleaning of their teams. These are fed, bedded, and the barns cleaned by barn men. The results on this farm are therefore secured by painstaking care and thorough meth ods. The question is often asked, what does it cost to produce a bushel of corn? On this farm, the size of 35 ordinary farms, with a 60-bushcl crop the cost was li cents per bushel to the crib. For shelling, shipping and com missions add another cent, making 10 cents in all. It is evident, however, that had this farm been divided into 35 farms, with 35 cooks and 35 fami lies, 35 dooryards and waste lands, the expense of raisings bushel of corn would have been nearer 16 to 18 cents. In any event, the cost varies from year to year with the yield. The only fixed estimate which the farmer can give is the cost per acre for producing the crop. This remains always prac tically the same and is, roughly speak ing, $4.50 for'small grain and $5 for corn. The 1898 acreage of the corn farm was approximately as shown in the following brief table: Corn.3,70? Wheat.1,200 Oats. 700 Hoads and trees. 400 Some interest naturally attaches to the man behind the gun-the man who. in this instance, has demonstra ted that nothing pays better than farming. While the element of for* eign birth and of foreign descent which has done so much to develop the northwest is admirable, it will still be a gratification to learn that this suc cessful farmer is not of that element? but that he is purely and distinctly American. He comes from the straightest New England stock and bears thc name of one of it< most famous families. His ancestral kin dred were among the molders of the republic and represented their country at the courts of England, Russia and France; sat in presidential cabinets, in Congress, and more than once in the white house. The record almost spells thc name. Less than 40 years of age, he never saw a day's work on a farm until he bought enc if ter he was 21. His sue* cess rather indicates that there still arc farmers born. &nd that the capital and energy put into manufacturing and merchandising, if applied to-day to farming, will yield equally good re turns. For the Housewife. To clean a spice mill, grind a hand ful of raw rice. A whisk broom is just the thing to clean the horseradish grater. Corsets with the whalebones removed make good cleaning cloths. Wood ashes put in a wooden bag and placed in the water will make hard water soft. Pickles or vinegar will not keep in a jar that has ever had any kind of grease kept in it. Clam shells are more convenient for scraping pots and kettles than a knife, requiring less time. Ceilings that have become smoked by a kerosene lamp should be washed off with a weak soda water. Put a little household ammonia on a rag and clean off the rolls of the wringer before putting it away. Drain pipes that are sour or impure may be cleaned with lime water or carbolic acid or chloride of lime. When you drive a nail into a wall, clothespress or closet to hang things on drive it through a spool up to the head. A small box filled with lime and plaeed on a shelf in the pantry or closet will absorb dampness and keep the air dry and sweet. To brighten the inside of a coffee or teapot fill it with water, add a small piece of soap, and let it boil about 45 minutes. ??> . - Wlicrc can you invest money more profitably than by buying a bottle of Prickly Ash Bitters? You get four for one, a kidney medicine-, a liver tonic, stomach strengthener and bowel cleanser. Four medicines for one dol lar. Sold by Hvans Pharmacy. DISPENSARY TANK RATS. Citizen Josh Ashley Sticks to Ills s sertiou Ahout the State Liquor. ti recueille AVn>, Jlnreh Representative Joshua \V. Ashley, of Anderson, wa* here yesterday. He says he is receiving constantenquiries about thc bushel or two of dead rats and other veruiiu ho saw taken out ol' thc liquor tank at thc State Dispen sary. He says among the other natu ral curiosities in the collection of of ficial flavoring of the chemically pure fold to thc people under the Palmetto braud and guarantee were a few hun dred large electric bugs which had been soaked in the liquor so long that they had turned white and burst. Since the publication of thone dis coveries many patrons of the dispen sary have been undecided whether or not to bc sick at their stomachs. Mr. Ashley requested publication of the following from the State, of Co lumbia, which tells all he cares to say on thc subject: There has been going the rounds a story related by ''Citizen Josh" Ash ley to the effect that he had seen two bushels of rats and mice removed from one of thc big tanks at thc State dis pensary and that Col. S. W. Vance, commissioner, had ordered this done. Some were inclined to think it one of Josh's jokes but others thought that there might have been some founda tion for the story. Colonel Vance was asked if the re port was true. He said that imme diately upon reading the statement he addressed the following letter to Mr. Ashley : Hon. Joshua W. Ashley, Honea Path, S. C.: Dear Sir-Enclosed you will find a clipping from the Sumter Freeman purporting to be an interview with you. The statement made in reference to dead rats and mice being taken out of one of the tanks by me is absolutely false. You will oblige by writing mc by return mail what you have to say about the slander. Very respectfully, S. W. VANCE, Commissioner. Mr. Ashley's reply was not received for several days, lt reads : . Col. S. AV. Vance, Columbia. S. C.: Dear Sir-Your favor of the 4th inst., just received. Will say in reply that what I said about thc rats and mice was that I saw myself in 1H5>4 at the old State dispensary when it was located in the agricultural hall. I saw them clean out the filter aud take out about a half a bushel of rats, mice and bugs, and if you don't think that is so, you can write to John Hooper, an employee that worked in that department at that time. But, of course, you were not commissioner at that time, but I have not seen anything since the dispen sary has been moved to the new place, for I haven't been there, but I have asked some of thc employee* about it. and one of them told mc that he didn't know whether they got in thc tank or not, but they did get in thc water bucket. Now if there is any other informa tion that 1 cat? give you 1 will do so with pleasure. I don't want to get into any newspaper controversy, but if I have to, I am able to prove every thing that 1 have ever said. Yours as ever JOSHUA W. ASHLKV. "Now," continued Colonel Vance, ''I have been told that in 18'J4 Mr. Traxler had a water filter for the pur pose of filtering the water used. After being in use a short time it was dis carded, as it proved unsatisfactory. I have never seen it, but have been told that it was a very small filter that would hold possibly ten gallons. 1 "It is utterly impossible for a rat or mouse to get into the tanks, con structed as they were, with close fit ting taps that are never taken off. There is a ornai' opening in thc top of the corner which is always closed ex cept when the whiskey is being dump ed into the tank from barrels. Then tho opening is entirely covered with a bag made of all-wool blankets, four ply. All of thc liquor is strained through this into the tank. Immedi ately after the tank is filled with whis key thc blanket strainer is removed and thc opening closed up tightly and securely fastened. The tanks arc cleaned out frequently and there is no possible way for even one rat to get into the tank, much Icssfor two bush els of the vermin to collect there." Rev. E. Edwards, pastor of the English Baptist Church at Miners ville. Pa., when suffering with rheu matism, was advised to try Chamber lain's Pain Balm. He say?: *'A few applications of this liniment proved of great service to me. It subdued the inflammation and relieved the pain. Should any sufferer profit by giving Pain Balm a trial it will please nie." For salo by Hill-Orr Drug Co. - The original home of leprosy is Asia, and it flourishes there more than on any other part of the Klf>be. China is a hot-bed of leprosy; in Japan it prevails extensively, while in India it is known that there are at least somo 130,000 lepers. Prickly Ash Hitters cures diseases of thc kidneys, cleanses and strength ens the liver, stomach and bowels. Por sale by Evans Pharmacy. Pointed Paragraphs. The I'ool und his Hannels ave soon parted. Thc poetical hen will soon begin her Uv If a friend borrows your umbrella it will probably keep Lent. Occasionally wc meet a man whose mind is so weak that it can't even wander. A competent iudge ot' music says some vocalists ought to get lite sen tences. Some men are silent because of their . wisdom and sonic because nf their ignorance. Lots of men who never think of mak ing wives of their rooks make ?-ooks of their wives. .ove makes the world go round- I and the attraction of gravity worries a lot of people. There is more (tower in kindness 1 than there is in dynamite, but it takes louger to lind it out. A cynical bachelor who has evident- j ly loved and lost says the Boston girl's ! ailiuity is a snow mau. In Berlin sheet music is sold by weight. In this country the autocrat of thc bass drum supplies it by the pound. An Ohio girl recently took the gold cure for love. She broke her engage ment with a pour young mau and mar ried a wealthy old one.- Ch i at no St irs. ?--?? . -mm-. - There may be no foundation for the report thal the Mikado bas already decided to make Christianity the CH tablished religion of bis empire, giv ing it thc place which Buddhism oc cupied under thc Shogunate, and which thc traditional Shintoism nov , nomi nally, holds. There is no doubt, how ever, that the expediency of placing Japan among thc Christian powers has been for some time the subject of ear nest discussion in the native press, and that it bas been seriously consid ered by eminent public men. - Poetry may be a drug on the market, but poets wouldn't eire if they could get drug store prices for it. "DARU Ll I FOR J^lNE-TEKTHS Of "".jjsfl*'" >flf.f?j^ menstruation, ^jyw^fl when a woman is not well these organs are affected. But when they are strong and healthy ft woman ls very seldom sick. Is nature's provision for the regu lation of the menstrual function, ?teures ail " female troubles.'" It ts equally effective for the girl In her teens, the young wife with do mestic and maternal cares, and the woman approaching the period known as the "Change of Life." They all need it. They are all benefitted by lt. I Pbr advice In cases requiring? special directions, address, elvin? symptoms, tho "Ladles* Advisory Department.'* The C Katta noosa Medicino Co.. C natta? Doora. Tenn. alMalM I nih?, J. C?vrtn, ?upnio. min., ?ji* ontlesly cured hst and alto htlpstf tnj mothor tn rough tts Chan ?jo ot Ufo." m j Valuable Lands Cheap. PARTIES desiring to purchase good Land near Abbeville at prices rang ing from $0.00 to $10.00 per acre will do well to consult the undersigned. Localities healthv and water tine. WYATT AIKISN & CO. Feb ?2, l?9i> :15 : KAMNOL. f ? HEADACHE, I ; NEURALGIA, ? ! LA GRIPPE. I ) Relieves all pain. X i 25c. all Druggists, A Drs. Strickland & King DENTISTS. OFFICE IN MASONIC TEMPLE. &gt~ Gas and Cocaine used for Extract nt? Teeth Notice Final Settlement. rpiHK undersigned, AdininiHtrators c. _L the Estate of WU li?tn Riley, deceas ed, hereby Rive notice that they will on the *th day April. IHM?, apply io the Judjiftof Probate for Anderson Coun ty for a Final Settlement of said Instate, and a dischargo from their office as Exec utors. ?. ? KILEY. W. M. HI LEY, Administrators. March 8, lv*?-? $7 ?> 4 ^???????.????++"?"fr<K"X><><^^ PRICKLY ASH BITTERQ? CLEANSES THE LIVER AND BOWELS o ; ? A?TD FOP.Ttyrvs THY; SYSTEM TO RESIST P??EVAIHTIG DISEASES. * ? EVANS PHARMACY. Special Agents, A FIRST-CLASS COOK Can't du first-class work with second-class materials. But you kau hold the girl accountable if you buy your : : : : GROCERIES FROM US ! We have the right kinds of everything and at the right prices. Where qualities are equal no dealer ear. sell for Uss than we do. We gu?rante? to give honest quantity at the very LOWEST PRICES. Come and see us. We have numerous artielesH in .-tock that will help you get up a square meal for a little money. Our Stock- of Confections, Tobacco, Cigars, Etc., Are always complete. Yours to jilease, j Free City Delivery._GK F*. BIGBY. For til? Prevention u?i<I Curo ol tl?e Prevalent Troubler . . . GRIPPE, COLDS) And their accompaniments. ISTeiiralgic Pains, Headache, Fain in the Limbs, OUR GRIP CAPSULES Are almost a Specific. This remedy should be in every household. EVANS PHARMACY. t>. 8. VANDIVER.K. p. YANDI VER. We want to tigure with you on FLOUR, COFFEE, MOLASSES, TOBACCO, aud all kinds of GROCERIES and STAPLE DRY GOODS aud SHOES. Don't fail to see us on GUANO, ACID, GERMAN KAI NIT, NURI ATE OF POTASH, or anything in the Fertilizer line. We can save you money on high grade goods. If you want to settle what you owe Brownlee & VandiverB you will have to do so quick, as we expect to place the Accounts in the hands of an Attorney for collection March 1st by suit, if necessary. Yours truly, VANDIVER BROS. STOVES, STOVES! IF you have a Stove to buy SAVE MONEY by getting: the latest improved, the largest oven for the least money. I will take your old Stove in part payment on a new one. Crockery/Tinware and Glassware, Lamp Goods, A full and complete Stock. Bring me your HIDES and RAGS. JOHN T. BURRISS. N. B.-Prompt attention to all Repair Work, Roof Painting, Plumbing, <fcc. Over Post Office. Thone No. 115. M. MATTISON ? ACENT, LIFE, ACCIDENT!! Call for nice Calendar. Office always open. 0 ^ s w g wC 0 ?d 0 > 8 td > < rs w ?3 > CG 0 ? M gi s co ft > i X S > ? 3 O > \% H % fi co o o WM m JP 89 e mt SIT ON THE FENCE AND SLEEP! . WHILE the procession passes If you want to. Noboily will disturb you. Hut if yon are Alive to your own interests arouse yourself, shake ott* slumber, climb into the band-wagon and wend your wav with the crowd to THE JEWELRY PALACE OF WILL. R. HUBBARD ! Tbov that want the best and prottiest to be obtained in Diamonds. .Jewelry, Silver andl'lated Ware, Watches and Clocks that will koop time and are backed with a guarantee, Fine China and (Jlaaswaro and beautiful Novelties, know that to Will. K. Hubbard's is the place to go. They that want honest treatment know that this is the place to lind it. All Goods are just an represented, and are fully covered by guar ante,rbe young man who has a girl and wants to keep ber coes there. Hubbard will help you keep her. Tho young married couple goes thorn to beautify their little borne. Hubbard beautifies lt for you. Tho rich people go there becausothey can alford it, and the poor g<> there, also, because they can alford it. Everything NKW and Ll ?-TO DATE. mgr- ENGRAVING KU EE. WILL R/HUBBARD, lewe?rv l*alaco, next to farmers and Merchants Hank.