The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, March 15, 1893, Image 2
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Our SPECIALTIES in ORGANS are Farrand & Votey, Kiniball and
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THE C. A. REED MUSIC HOUSE.
The best Sewing Machine on the market?" The Celebrated
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40 TONS STEEL PLOWS,
300 PLOW STOCKS,
500 PLOW HANDLES,
5000 HEEL BOLTS,
100 BOY DIXIE PLOWS,
BLACKSMITHS BELLOWS,
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HAMES,
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BACK BANDS,
. 'f , ? ALL
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PEICES LOW, VERY LOW.
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CUNNINGHAM & HUMPHREYS,
Main Street Hardware Store.
CUTTING HIGH STUBBLE.
Next to Farnires and Merchants Bank.
WILL. R. HUBBARD,
JEWELLER.
XF joxi want to see the LARGEST STOCK and the BRIGHTEST PLACE in Town
Just drop hrand see WILL. HUBBARD'S JEWELRY STORE !
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Next to Farmers and Merchants Bank.
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Fresh Seeds of all kinds Jnst Received.
?OINMV FORGET
?yrup Bed Clover is the Best Blood Purifier,
And the PARLOR BATCHES at Oc. dozen Boxes.
RAISING THE KEOKUK'S GUNS.
The Enterprise of a Daring Charleston
Rigger.
From the New York Times.
In the New York Times of February 5
there was told the story of the gallant
feat of Admiral (then captain) Rhind in
laying his vessel, the Keokuk, up to Fort
Sumter in the Federal attack on the forts
protecting Charleston and keeping her
there till she was so riddled that she
suck. After the engagement Capt.
Ehind went to Washington bearing dis?
patches to Secretary Welles. His duty
there performed, he returned to Charles?
ton.
In conversation with a New York
Times reporter Admiral Ehind said that
before reaching Charleston be learned
that the Confederates bad succeeded in
raising the two gnns of the Keokuk, and
had mounted one of them in Fart Sum?
ter. That feat be considered one of the
most daring of the war, and in point of
skill bad probably no counterpart. The
Keokuk lay on the bottom of Morris
Island, with her turrets just awash at low
I water. 8he was in full sight of the fleet
in the daytime, and distant from the au
vanced Union line not more than a mile.
At the same time she was well below the
protecting fire of the Confederate batter?
ies. The work of getting hold of the
Keoknk's guns was intrusted to Adolphua
LaCoste, a Charleston rigger. The sub?
sequent work is best told as recently
related to a New York limes reporter by
Ex-Confederates who participated in
the undertaking.
LaCoste was one of the best known
Bhip riggers of his day, and nothing if
not practical. Beauregard directed that
all the men he wished be given to him.
LaCoste got hold of a former lightship,
which had done duty on Rattlesnake
Shoal. He loaded the vessel well down
by the bows with sand bags, and rigged
a pair of shears over the bows so that the
main purchase block would just clear the
billet head. Before the lightship was
towed down the harbor LaCoste and a
gang of men worked silently a couple of
nights on the turrets, cutting away the
upper portion. All this bad to be done
during darkness, and the work left ap
parently intact in order not to be discov?
ered should the wreck be visited from the
fleet during the day.
Two nights after beginning work the
lightship was silently moved down past
Fort Sumter and secured to the wreck.
Divers attached the heavy tackles to the
forward gun, the windlass was manned,
and the gun slightly raised. When the
heavy tackle was up two blocks LaCoste
ordered the sand bags rushed aft. The
force of men ran the bags back with a
will, and as the bow rose up under the
lightening process on deck so did the
gun. Slowly tb.fi great cannon approached
the surface, and then, to the utter con?
sternation of all, when the last bag had
been removed, it wa1 found that the gun
hung in the turret, slightly caught by the
muzzle. Had the lightship been weigh?
ed down a little more in the first place
she would, under the lightening process,
have swung the gun clear; bnt now, with
the first streak of light in the east, it
looked as if all the night's work was lost.
Just as LaCoste was about to give the
order to lower the gun into the turret
again, a heavy, lazy swell, one of that
kind which on an apparently smooth day
suddently. resurrects itself from the deep,
rolled in from the .open sea, and as it
struck the lightship it raised her bodily
by the bows about two feet and at the
same time swung the ponderous gun free
of its iron cage.
Aboard the lightship the Confederates
could barely refrain from cheering, but
the near presence of the Union fleet and
the necessity for hurrying back under the
protection of the fort caused prudence to
reign. The lightship and the gun were
towed into the upper harbor, and in a
very short time one of the former eleven
inch Dahlgrens of the Keokuk was
pounding away from Fort Sumter in
behalf of the Confederate cause. On the
following night the after turret gnn was
successfully raised, the necessary precau?
tion having been taken to insure the gun
tackles being of sufficient length.
"I could hardly believe it possible,"
said Admiral Rhind, "that the Confeder?
ates had got hold of those two guns, and
yet when I pondered over it I waB not so
surprised, though it did seem that our
advanced ships must have been asleep."
Continuing, he said:
"When Dahlgren took command of the
fleet off Charleston he was in poor health,
and in anything but fit condition to com'
mand an active attacking force. I well
remember bis first day off the port. He
desired to have a look at Fort Sumter,
and so boarded the Catskill and hoisted
his pennant. He ordered the vessel
headed up the harbor. His flsg, of
course, was observed from every Confed?
erate battery, and when finally he got
within range he drew upon himself the
concentrated fire of Sumter and all the
upper Sullivan's Island batteries. The
Admiral did not continue his observa?
tions very long in that locality, and I
recall that when I visited him that night
he was the worst-looking used up man I
had seen in many a day. I said to him,
rather laughingly, that there was no
doubt that the presence of hib flag was
the proper thing, but that for prudence's
sake when making a reconnoissance it
seemed to me rather injudicious to have
it flying. At any rate, Admiral Dahlgren
found out the strength of the Charleston
batteries on that occasion.
"At the time of the July attack of the
fleet on Charleston's defences I had com?
mand of four wooden gunboats. During
the fight my little squadron took care of
the Morris Island batteries, paying par?
ticular attention to Battery Wagner and
Ciimmiug's Point. The result of that
second fight history has recorded. It
only confirmed me in my belief that the
monitor was not the vessel from which
Hiiccess was to be expected in the work
in hand. In my opinion the New Iron
sides, with her powerful broadside bat
tery, made up as it was of eleven inch
Dahlgren guns, was the most efficient
vessel the navy possessed, and, when it
came to attacking earthworks the only
ship iu the fleet before Charleston that
could do really good service The fire of
the monitors was too slow. The turrets
easily jamrnerl injo usolessness:
The vessels themselves were confined and
cramped, and in rough water unfit for
fighting.
"To be sure, a monitor was sent to
Europe, and one was sent to the Pacific,
but the fact that these two craft managed
to make the passage ho more demon?
strated tbem as fighting vessels in rough
weather than the ferry boats which we
managed to send safely down the coast.
What was patent to us all, who had ex?
perience with monitors, was the absolute
need of sufficient freeboard, and the New
Ironsides was the nearest approach we
bad to anything that could be termed a
really efficient fighting ship before Char?
leston.
"Why, the Confederates cared little or
nothing for the fire of the monitors, but
whenever the New Ironsides took up a
position and commenced her terrific
broadside fire no living thing could with'
stand it even behind the magnificent bat*
teries which Sullivan's and Morris islands
possessed.
"It was a grand Bight to Bee Rowan
, move forward into action with the New
ironsides. The big ship would come
stately on, wholly oblivious to the hail of
shot rained upon her. Rowan nould
rnn in shore as far as there was sufficient
anchorage, connect springs to her cables,
let go his anchor, and then, and not till
then, man the batteries. As soon as all
was in readiness, Belkoap wonld take
charge on the gnn deck and the ball
wonld open from our territory. I have
Been the parapets on Morris and Sulli
van's islands, lined with men in full
view, when tbey were engaging only
monitors, but when the New Ironsides
Came up into position, it was only a
question of a few minutes before she suc?
ceeded in driving the men of any battery
she concentrated her fire on into their
bombro?fB.
i "It was the practice before Charleston
to send a monitor into the harbor every
night to lie about the channels and inter?
cept, if possible, blockade runners. Cal
honn had this duty to perform one night
with his monitor, and in the early morn?
ing, when about. to withdraw from bis
position, ran Mb vessel agronnd. The
tide was falling at the time, and every
instant imperilled the more hia ship.
The Confederates detected with the ap?
proach of dawn his predicament, and
opened a heavy fire on him. Ab the
under-water hull became exposed they
aimed at that portion ef the ship. Cal
houn responded as best he could, and in
the meantime strove hard to free his
ship.
"His condition was observed from the
Union fleet, and the New Ironsides was
ordered to assist him. Rowan moved
forward and threw himself directly be?
tween Calhoun and the fire from Moul
trie, and then, with a roar which only
the New Ironsides could utter, began
belphiDg forth broadside after broadside
on to Moultrie's parapets. Rowan quiet?
ed Moultrie for the time being and saved
Calhoun. The latter managed with the
assistance of another ship to pull himself
free ef the shore.
"Throughout the whole of the opera?
tions before Charleston the New Iron?
sides, I think I am safe in saying, never
had a man killed aboard her, and she
did the?hardest fighting of any ship in
the fleet. She usually came in for the
heaviest fire from the enemy, and yet,
except for the tearing off of two port
Bhuttera and the slight rupture of an
overheard oarline, I do not recall that
she ever suffered in the least. She car?
ried four inch armor.
"Oar signal system before Charleston
was crude. It was nothing more than
the simple wigwag and was early read by
the Confederates from Fort Sumter.
Dahlgren was constantly talking with
Gillmore and subsequently events showed
that the majority of these signals were
read by the enemy."
It was inferential from Admiral
Rhind's remarks that there was not that
cordial support between the fleet and the
army at all times which were bo necessary
to success. The Admiral referred to
Gillmore's asaault on Battery Wagner
and the bloody repulse that followed,
and declared that, in hia opinion, the
assault wonld have been a success had
the fleet been directed to open on the
works prior to the charge.
"As it was," said the Admiral, "I lay
off Battery Wagner with the Paul JoneB
anxiously awaiting an order to open on
Wagner. I knew, and we all for that
matter, that there would be an assault
that night. Gillmore had been parading
hie assaulting column in full view on the
beach, and the fact that reinforcements
were known to us to have been pushed
over to Morris Island made it pretty cer?
tain that others besides ourselves knew
of something about to happen.
"I moved the Paul Jones in as close as
possible, and up to the last moment wait?
ed with my battery manned for an order
to open on Wagner. No order came.
We heard the movement of the assault?
ing column, and a littie later saw a blind?
ing sheet of flame leap around the para?
pets of Wagner, which mowed down over
1,200 Union men. The awful glare of
that flash, the blinding fury which it
seemed to impart, is something I shall
never forget. I was, for the moment,
completely staggered, but recovering
myself, I said to Forrest, who was beside
me:
" 'It is too late for us to do anything.
That column is annihilated.'
"Had the New Ironsides and a num?
ber of the wooden gunboats only been in
position the parapets of Wagner could
have been kept clear. The New Iron?
sides had repeatedly shown that if she
could not drive the defenders of Wagner
from their position, she could at least
keep them clear of the parapets. Why
she was not ordered to open her fire pn
Wagner that night is something I have
never been able to explain."
? Beware of imitations. Take no
"just as good." See that you get the
genuine Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup, the
peerless specific.
? The average person trims off the
thirty-second part of an inch from each
finger nail a week, or about an inch and
a half every year. The average of human
life all over the world i3 40 years. There
are l,300,0o0,00G people iu thu world
who, therefore, wa*te on in average 2S,~
400 ruilpa of fioger nails Jn a generation.
SHOULD A SOLDIER FEAR ?
Southern Generals Discuss the Question of
Bravery.
Philadelphia Time?.
Washington, February 24.?Tro
question whether a brate soldier experi?
ences the sensation of fear is one on
which there is great diversity of opinion.
It would certainly seem that there was
far greater merit in facing a danger from
a Bense of duty, where a man realized
the peril, than in a stolidity of feeling
incapable of appreciating danger. Every?
one recalls the story of the great French
marshal who, when about to mount his
horse before a battle, noticed his legs
shaking with fear. Gazing scornfully
upon them he is said to have remarked,
"Oh, legs, if you know where I was going
to take you, you'd be shaking worse than
that," and then rode forth to mingle in
the charge. No one can doubt but that
his courage was of the highest order.
Yet no authority can have more
weight than the statements of warriors
themselves, and here are the opinions of
the famous Southern fighters.
gen. bradley t. johnson.
The question "Is fear in a soldier cow?
ardice?" answers itself in the definition.
Fear, as I understand it, is the physical
shrinking from physical struggle with
opposing physical force.
Cowardice is the refusal of the physi?
cal and intellectual nature of man to
face opposition, either physical or intel?
lectual.
Fear is controllable by superior will
either of the man himself or of another,
who, for the time, dominates and directs
him. Cowardice is uncontrollable. Both
cowardice and fear are physical as well
as moral conditions.
Some men are unconscious of fear?
they are actually unaware of what dan?
ger is?and in the real gaudlum certam
inis, the joy of battle, they actually de?
light in the fierce excitement of the
fight. I really believe that Major Jim
Breathed, of the Stuart Horse Artillery,
and Major Harry Critnor would rather
fight than eat. Stuart enjoyed battle, bo
did Stonewall Jackson, and my analysis
of Lee was that when bis blood was up ?
and the smell of gunpowder atways fired
him?he was as fierce aa any far off
Norse ancestor.
Though I knew nothing personally of
Grant, I am of the opinion that the scent
of blood drove his pulse up. I know
Hancock blazed all over with enthusiasm
at the sound of the guns and the cheers
of a charging line.
I have no doubt that many men facing
death , have felt their flesh Bhrink and
their nerves give way and were sorely
afraid. But pride of character, regard
for the respect of those at borne and the
presence and example of thousands
around them, crushed out fear and made
them as firm and self-controlled as the
braVest.
I do not recollect ever having seen a
coward?that is, a man whose fear over?
came his sense of duty, personal pride
and regard for reputation.
I have seen lines of battle afraid, seen
them waver in front of hostile batteries,
seen them hesitate to meet the coming
shock. But I have seen those very lines
spring up at once animated by the bril?
liant example of personal dash of their
commanding officer, who, riding to the
front, would swing his sabre above bis
head and shout, "Follow me, men." And
the thousand men, who a moment before
were afraid, were thrilled by the electric
shock of enthusiasm and went forward
with a rush that was irresistible.
The best veterans have been seized
with panic. *When tl e nerves have been
braced for hours the constant tension ex?
hausts the endurance of human nature
and the most trivial incident will throw
them off their balance, lose their self
control and send them senseless into
panic, like a herd of buffalo.
Napier records an incident of the Pe?
ninsula war. Sir John Moore's army,
than whom more seasoned soldiers never
bore musket, was resting by the roadside
and broke into utter confusion when a
loose horse came galloping down the
ranks.
. Fear is physical and intellectual dread.
Cowardice is fear uncontrollable.
Bradley T. Johnson.
fitz lee says yes.
I would reply affirmatively to the
question, "la fear in a soldier coward?
ice ?"
Fear is cowardice and cowardice is fear
?both are painful apprehensions of dan?
ger. The meaning of both is "to be
afraid" and an absence of courage is im?
plied in each.
If a soldier is afraid to fight, ho is de
ficient in courage. There are however,
two kinds of courage, the moral and the
physical?the one obligatory in its na?
ture, the other natural. I have often
witnessed a display of both by officers
and men where the skirmish line of con?
tending armies first opened a big battle.
Some would be nervous, excited and
pallid, others stoical, tranquil and un?
concerned. But after the skirmishers had
been replaced by lines of battle and the
rattle of muskets and war of cannon had
drowned the first sputtering shots?while
the combatants were shouting and men
were falling and the battle was an accom?
plished fact?the delicious excitement
which Gen. Dick Taylor said Stonewall
always enjoyed on such occasions, would
possess equally the one and the other and
no difference would be visible in their
deeds of daring. FiTZHUGH Lee.
jubal barley's op] \*ion.
In response to the inquiry "Is fear in
a soldier cowardice?" I wc d say that
while cowardice is the result "excessive
fear it does not follow that ft is alwayB
cowardice.
We are told in the Bible, tsalm 110,
verse 10, and in several other paces, that
"The fear of the Lord is beginning of
wisdom." That, of course is not coward
ice.
Fear is a word that has a variety of
definitions, amongst them being "anx?
iety, solicitude, reverential regard, re
spect mingled with awe." Viewing it in
the sense of an apprehension of danger, I
do not kuow Low I can better express my
opinion rM tbG subject than by referring
to ths ftdjectivn "bjavc" ;g WoFGWtW'fl
Dictionary. In defining it he quotes from
the Scotch poetess, Joanna Baillie, as
follows:
The brave man is not bo who fpels no fear,
But he whose noble soul no fear subdues.
From my own experience and observa?
tion I can say that the bravest soldier in
action is never without fear or apprehen?
sion of dauger, but he encounters that
danger without shrinking.
It follows, therefore, that fear is not
always cowardice in a soldier.
Lynchburg, Va. J. A. Early.
gen*. Wright's view.
You ask from me an answer to the
question, "Is fear in a soldier cowardice?"
My division commander in the late
civil war. Gen. B F. Cheatbam, who waB
a hero of two great wars, once said to
me: "The man who says, he goes into
battle without fear is either an idiot, a
lunatic or a liar."
On the eve of an engagement, po far as
my observation and experience go, there
is always perceptible a fearful looking
forward to the consequences. It is said
of Tamerlane that on the eve of a battle
he was heard to exclaim : "I wish I were
a shepherd boy." I agree with Gen.
Cheatham that no sane man ever engaged
in a battle with a sense of fear. But this
fear ia not the fear of a coward. The
brave roan is he who goes into battle
with a full knowledge of its perils which
he wishes to escape, but willingly risks
his life for bis cause and country.
It is told of Governor (now Senator) Z
B. Vance that being in a hotly contested
engagement in the late civil war, he saw
a hare between the lines running for life,
when be exclaimed: "Go, it Mollie Cot?
ton Tail; if I were not Governor of
North Carolina I would run too."
Marcus j. Wright.
from a cavalry general.
The following forcible sentiments are
from the pen of a famous Southern Cal
alry General who refuses to allow his
name to appear;
"I fancy every man will agree thr.t fear
is aa universal and indispensable quality
aa most others.
"Self-preserv&tion is the first law of
nature. Solicitude for preservation is
commonly called fear.
"Cowardice, I apprehend, is an entirely
different thing. Cowardice is unmanly
submission to unworthy fear. You will
find cowardice exhibited and well de?
scribed in 'Measure for Measure.' Cae?
sar was afraid and cried to Cassius, when
be was sinking, to save him, Macbeth
was frightened by the ghost of Banquo,
bnt neither of them were cowards.
"I repeat that fear is a natural emo?
tion, and only becomes cowardice when
it is yielded to. Perhaps the highest
courage is that which conquers fear or
which does its duty and shrinks from no
peril, although the feeling of apprehen?
sion may be racking the human soul.
Fear in a soldier, in my estimation, is
not cowardice, unless it makes him de?
sert his post of duty. I have no idea
that the Confederate soldiers who re?
claimed the crater at Petersburg did not
feel the emotion of fear when they were
rushing over an earthquake to restore a
broken line, but the courage that con?
quered the fear is to me sublime."
gen. lomax's reply.
In reply to (be question, "Is fear in a
soldier cowardice ?" I would say, in my
opinion, it is not.
The best soldier is one who knows and
fears the danger and marches beldly for?
ward to meet it.
I believe the excitement we saw in
many on the field was a cloak for real
cowardice, and, if not 'successful in the
first dash, they often gave up. A brave
soldier is cool and persevering under fire.
Every intelligent and educated man
fears the contest, but is by no means for
this reason a "coward."
__L L. Lomax.
Changed their Minds.
A young couple in a Lancashire vil?
lage had been courting for several years.
The young man one day said to the young
woman:
"Sail, I canna marry thee."
"How's that?"
"I've changed my mind," said he.
"Well, I'll tell you what we'll do,"
said she. "If folks knows that it's theo
as has given me up, I shanna be able to
get another chap. So'll we'll have the
banns published ; and, when the wedding
day comes, the parson will say to thee,
'Wilt thou have this woman to be thy
wedded wife?' and thou say 'I will;' and
when he says to me, 'Will thou have this
man to be t?y wedded husband?' I shall
say, 'I winna.'
The day came; and when the minister
said, " vVilt thou have this woman to be
thy wedded wife?" the man answered, "I
will."
Then the parson said to the wo?
man, "Wilt thou have this man to be
thy wedded husband ?" and she said "I
will."
"Why," said the young man, furi?
ously, "you said you would say, 'I
winna.'"
"I know that," said the young woman;
"but I've changed my mind since."
? There is more Catarrh in this sec
tion of the country than all other disea
ses put together, and until the last few
years was supposed to be incurable. For
a great many years doctors pronounced it
a local dieease, and prescribed local rem?
edies, and by constantly failing to cure
with local treatment, prononuced it incu?
rable. Science has proven catarrh to be
a constitutional disease, and therefore
requires constitutional treatment. Hall's
Catarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J.
Cheney & Co., Toledo, Ohio, is the only
constitutional cure on the market. It is
taken internally in doses from 10 drops
to a teaspoonful. It acts directly on the
blood and mucous surfaces of the system.
They offer one hundred dollarB for any
case it fail? to cure. Send for circulars
and testimonials.
F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, 0.
Sold by Druggist3, 75c.
? "There !" exclaimed the fair syndi
catresi. "I think this article will fill a
long fell w.-.nt." "What la tha title,
AmV> "tfQwlQ nymm MOP-'mW'
SUBSTITUTE FOK COTTON.
Fall Irish Potatoes as a Money Crop?Span*
Ish Goobers as a Sub.itunto (or a Forage
Crop.
New Boston, Tex., March 1.?Id an
article written to the Home and Farm,
last May, I said that we could look out
for excessive rains and high water?be?
fore the article was published all the
western streams were rising rapidly?
and that these rains with the reduced
acreage would cause a shortage in the
cotton crop i?qual to the surplus then on
hand. But look out for a big cotton crop
in 1893.
Now this was not wholly guess work.
I further said all kinds of grain would
be low. My reasons were then given,
and it would take several lengthy arti?
cles to explain. So here I will only say
that the rains had already commenced
and there was a ereat deal of water on
i the ground everywhere except in the
I Southwest. When this is the case at
the beginning of warm weather it is sure
to last until midsummer if not until mid
winter.
These wet seasons are the very thing
for all kinds of grain, but very detrimen?
tal to cotton. Still, good cotton can be
made these wet seasons and the very
best of grain made in dry seasons, but
better preparation and cultivation are
needed in both cases. I have not time to
say more than this on the base of my
last May's prophecy. Why I said look
out out for a big cotton crop in 1893 was
because the short crop of 1892 would, as
I said then, sell cotton at 9 to 10 cents a
pound and everybody would wish their
grain was in cotton in 1893; and be?
cause every even year since I came to
Texas, in 1876, there had been much
more rain than in the odd years, and corn
has always been low in the fall and win?
ter of even years and cotton high the
next spring, while the falls of odd years
have reversed things?high corn and low
cotton in the fall. Still, this is by no
means unchangeable, and large crops of
grain may be procured in the grain belt
proper in odd years. This would hold the
price down as in 1S89. Then they may
do just as we did last year in cotton and
in the grain belt did in 1890? cut down
the grain crop.
It is now very certain the cotton acre?
age will be larger and corn acraage at the
South much below last year, with the
probability of a dry season. This will
bring high corn, and would bring low
cotton but for the large per cent, of the
crop being planted in (the very unpro
lific) long staples. And long ctaples cut
no figure in the cotton supply, except to
count acreage and bales to bold down the
price, because long staples cannot be
used in general manufactured goods.
Still there will very likely be a large
enough crop mad? to fully supply the de?
mand and hold the price below present
prices. All the bottom lands will be
forced to greatly increase the acreage,
and should the season be dry, f.s We sus?
pect, they will make fully 1,500,000 more
bales than they made in 1892. Besides
their increased acreage their land will be
much richer and easily cultivated. Add
this to last year's crop and we Bee, with?
out counting the increase on the uplands,
there would be ample to supply the de?
mand.
The South must have more than one
money crop and more than one forage
crop, On dry years the one forage crop,
corn, seldom does well on sandy lands,
but cotton and all other shade plants do
best these dry seasons, and on the wet
years cotton does not fruit well. One
seasoD Spanish goobers will make twice
as" much forage as corn on poor or very
sandy lands, and on dry seasons tbree or
four times as much. They are no more
trouble to cultivate than a cow pea, will
make in from ninety to 100 days planted
in April, will be ready to harvest in July,
are harvested by Dulling up vines as we
used to pull up cow peas in the old
States. The goobers all hangs to and
come up with the vine. A hand can
pull up enough to winter a milch cow
or feed a horse three months in a single
day.
I grew them last year that made a
quart of goobers to the single hill. We
have our rows three or three and a half
feet apart and drop two goobers about
every eighteen inches in the drill at cot?
ton planting time. A drouth that would
ruin a corn crop would be the nuking of
cotton.
Next to the goobers cow peas come for
forage on those dry seasons on poor or
very Bany land.
Now how about the substitute money
crop ? When the goobers or cow peas
are harvested in July, follow close npon
the harvesters with plow and harrow,
roller or log drag, or take up in the af?
ternoon and plow and barrow the next
morning, and harrow once a week nntil
the first good season after the first of Au?
gust, which i3 nearly always the middle
of the month in the northern part of the
cotton belt and last of August in the
Southern part. Lay off rows same width
as for the goobers, and plant Irish pota?
toes. Cover with four furrows with
turning plow. Always cut the potato;
never plant a whole potato in second or
fall crop, because the whole tuber may
lie without sprouting till spring, while
the cut potato will come right up, if
there is sufficient moisture, to a perfect
stand.
It is not necessary to sprout them be?
fore planting if cut. But the land must
be pulverized very fine, so as to hold
moisture. Never plant a second crop of
potatoes on the eame land the spring
crop grew on. But grow if pos?
sible a shade crop, s^ch as Spanish
peanuts or peas. Those gather nitro?
gen and carbonic acid lrom the atmos?
phere, which is not only food but causes
the land to crumble well and hold mois?
ture.
A few days after coveriog the potatoes
with four turning plow furrows drag off
with a log or harrow and again every
week until the potato shows above
ground. When up sufficient to work
run around with side barrow or sweep.
A few days later lay by with turning
plow, running shallow, but wrapping the
dirt around the plant.
Now, what variety to plant? By all
means, if puauiM*?, planf. the Tennessee
? If ff};? prteinatofi for thifi mh
pose in Tennessee a few years ago and
will nearly double any other variety in
marketable potatoes, at the South, plant?
ed either in the spring or fall. The fall
crop improves it for earliness, quantity
and quality, and in all makes it far su?
perior to any northern grown.
The fall Irish potatoes are as far supe?
rior to spring grown as the fall turnips or
radish is superior to the spring crop.
The seed from a spring radish no larger
than a man's finger (and that is hot and
stringy) will provide radishes as large as
a man's wrist on the same kind of land
sown in August, and it will be brittle and
sweet.
Now as to yield. My crop planted the
15th of last August (eighth crop here in
four years without change of seed, and
each succeeding crop was finer than the
one before it) made at the rate of 160
bushels per acre of the finest potatoes I
ever saw, without fertilizer of any kind.
The fall crop will make potatoes as large
as a teacup on land that would not make
a tuber larger than a marble from north?
ern seed spring gro^n.
Now bow about the demand ? Does
anyone have any idea about bow many
Irish potatoes are shipped to the South
between October and March, when mon?
ey is plentiful and the farmer's mortgage
is falling due? Jost think about it.
Everybody in the town eat them, and ev?
erybody that plante any kind of vegeta?
bles buy seed Irish potatoes at from $1 to
$2 per bosh el.
Think about it. Cotton is sore not to
be very high, and feedstuff is likely to be
very high, and potatoes always high at
the South, and they can surely be pro?
duced at nominal cost. I will answer
any and all questions either privately or
through the News.?Jeff Welborn, in Gal
vaston News.
Central Asia's Cotton.
St. Petersburg, March 4.?The News
publishes an interesting article, with
illustrations, showing the remarkable
development of the cotton industry in
Central Asia in a realm that fifteen or
twenty years ago was a great desert, pro?
ducing scarcely enough to support noma?
dic hordes. One of the pictures shows
the cotton market at Andijan, in the pro?
vince ot Fergban, Turkestan. It Is the
central mart of that entire region. When
it is understood that this region now pro?
duces and exports more cotton than all
the rest of Asia combined, the signifi?
cance attached to Andijah may be ap?
preciated.
Andijan is situated, as before stated, in
the province of Ferghan, on the river
Sir Daria. To the north, east and south
of it extend the gigantic peaks of the
branches of the Hindoo Ecosh range,
but to the west stretches away an even
plain, over which the cotton is conveyed
to European Russia, principally to Nijni
Novgorod' A feature of the Asiatic cot?
ton production, which not only threatens
to, but already does, rival the American
product in the Rossian markets, is its
immense and rapid growth.
In 1871 but 23.000,000 pounds of Tor
kestan cotton found its way to European
Russia. In 1881 this had increased to
45,000,000 and in the year 1891 the total
amount sent out was 58,500,000 pounds.
While this, when compared to Ameri?
ca's production of 2,814,000,000 pounds
yearly may seem but minute, a careful
examination will show that the progress
of the increase ef production is so rapid
that it will not be long before this Turk?
estan cotton will rival the American pro?
ducts not only in the Rossian markets,
but also in those in Western Europe.
Another significant factor is the ex?
tremely low cost of production, It. is
needless to go into elaborate explana?
tions on his head. Suffice it to state that,
whereas the average price of cotton in
the United States is about 12 cents per
pound, the Turkestan product may be
bought at Nijni Novgorod for as low aa
7 and 8 cents, and even less. Nor is the
Turkestan staple any inferior in quality
to that of America. Indeed, on the con?
trary, that country is very fortunate both
in its climate and soil as regards the pro
duction of cotton, The climate is soft
and the ideal one for the semi tropical
prodocts. The soil is rich with salt and
sopersulpbate of lime. These two are
quite significant items in themselves.
Furthermore, the plant, which attains
in this region some nine and a half feet
in height, and a thickness of stalk of two
and a half inches, is singularly free from
the various kinds of worms, such as the
cotton worm, ball worm, etc., which are
accredited with destroying nearly 34 per
cent, of the American cotton crop.
While the caterpillar does appear here,
it is only toward the end of the summer,
and thus does more good than harm,
since it eats off the top leaves of the
plant and thus lets in the sunlight to
shine npon the lower portions of it, at
the time when it needs it most, as the
crop is gathered in August.
There are at present sixteen cotton
mills at Andijan, and, as these have been
found incapable of anywhere near filling
the demand, eight more are already in
course of construction, and several others
have been contracted for. One of these
?present mills is capable of cleaning 2,000
puds (about 7,000 pounds) per day.
Recognizing the importance of foster?
ing such an industry, the Russian Gov?
ernment has given it an enormous im
petus by levying a large tax on the im
port of raw cotton, which is at present in
force.
-^ii^ -
Bocklens Arnica Salve.
The best salve in the world for Cuts
Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Salt Rheum, Fe
ver Sores, Tetter. Ohapped Hands, Chil?
blains, Corns, and all Skin Eruptions
and positively cures Piles, or no pay
required. It ia guaranteed to give per?
fect satisfaction, or money refunded
Price 25 cents per box. For sale by
Hill Broa.
? When a tree is accidently barked
by a passiDj; wheel or gnawed by some
animal, a plaster of soft clay or cow
manure should be put nn at once and
covered with two or three thicknesses of
bagging, and it will often heal op so that
the snp will pass around the wound, as it
would where the limb had been sawed
off Of course if the wound is a large
008 15 rpuy !)o ho[tflf (9 Iry bsjfk grafting,
AH Sorts of Paragraphs.
? The municipal debt of New
city is $155,000,000.
? Last year our railroads carried
hundred million people.
? The term hand, need in measui
horses, means four inches.
? Don't grieve over spilt milk as hj
as you can drive up the cows.
? The man with plenty of fat mort]
ges lives on the lien of the land.
? A wart can be removed by touch]
it several times a day with castor oil.
? A French statistician says that 2]
years from now the average man will
15 inches high.
? For selling his vote a resident olj
Wolfe County, Kentucky, was sentenc
to disfranchisement for life.
? A resident of Union City, Miel>.,|
although married 40 years, boasts tha?
has never kissed his wife.
? J. W. Felkner, of Palatka, Fla., i(
the owner of an English coin which,;!
claims, bears the date of the year 1124;
? There is nothing superior to Salts
tion Oil for the relief and cure of woui
of all kinds. Its effect is marvelot
25 cts.
? A little Harlem boy was asked last]
Monday what the Sunday School Uxt
was. He answered, "Many are cold, but ]
few are frozen."
? He?Is your busband a good man ? j
She?-Well, if he were as good as he think?
he is heaven wouldn't be,good encugt
for him. \
? The consumption of .eggs and poul-J
try by the people of the United States is
fifty-six million dollars' worth r er
annum, which is greater in amount than |
the wheat or cotton crop.
? "That's a pretty big buckwheat cake
for a boy of your size," says papa at
breakfast to Jimmieboy.. "It looks big,"
said Jimmieboy, "but really it isn't.
It's got lots of porouses in it."
? Secretary Herbert's abort arm cau
sympathize with Secretary Gresham's.
short leg. It was a Federal bullet in the
Wilderness that shortened the former and
a Confederate bullet near Atlanta tbi
shortened the latter.
? "I took the pledge against the %
swearing habit last New Year's day." "In -
deed! And how do you get "along?"
"Very well, but the crucial test is ap?
proaching." "How?" "I am going to 1
take a porous plaster off my back to
night"
? For all derangements of the tbioat
and lungs, Ayer's Cherry Pectoral is the
speediest and most reliable remedy.
Even in the advanced stages of Consomp- |
tion, this wonderful preparation affords
great relief, checks coughing, and indu?
ces Bleep, iggl
? A valuable contribution to the relics
for the Confederate museum, to be estab?
lished in the house occupied by Jefferson
Davis while be was President of the
Confederacy, was received several days
ago. It is a bound album containing
over 80 specimens of notes issued by the
Confederate States.
? Lizard skin has become a very pop?
ular material for cardcases, purses, and
such things, and a large business has '
sprung up in the raw material. ' Over
500,000 of the skinB were imported from ;
the State of Tabasco, Mexico, last year,
and it is estimated that fully 5,000,000
lizards were killed there. Many of the
skins went to Europe.
? All the elements which nature re.
quires, to make the hair beautiful and
abundant, are supplied in Ayer's Hair '.
Vigor. This preparation keeps the scal^
free from dandruff, prevents the hair
from becoming dry and harsh, and makes &
it flexible and glossy.
? Teacher: Johnnie, do you think if
you had cut down your father's cherry
tree you would have told the truth about
it? Johnnie (slowly): No, I don't be?
lieve I would. Teacher: What! You
would not tell a falsehood? Johnnie
(apologetically): Well, ma'am, yer see,
I don't believe Washington's father was
just the san > sort of feller as mine.
? Clergyman?Laziness is the begin?
ning of all trouble, and it is your duty, ^
my good woman, to accustom your chil?
dren to hard work from an early age.
Parishioner?You are quite right, sir, jjj
and bo far as my little Johnny is con?
cerned, no one can say that he is lazy,
for he's kept busy all day fetching beer
for his father. - *?
? "I have a conundrum for you," said
one Brooklynite to another. "Propound
it." "Why are unmar ried women always
first at church ?" "Give it up." "Be?
cause they want to be there when the
hims are given out." "Now I have one
for you." "Well?" "Why do hens lay
their eggs in the daytime?" "I don't ;
know. Why ?" "Because at night they i
are roosters."
? Music offers to women with excep?
tional voice or ear a fice prospect for in?
dependence. The lady who is said to be
the best choir singer in this country was
Miss Clementine de Vere, now Mrs.
Sapio. In the West Presbyterian chnrch
of New York city she receives $4,500 a
year for eight months' service. She has
been allowed besides five weeks for an !
annual concert tour. In every city of
any size at all women with sweet, well
trained voices can get good paying em?
ployment in choir singing.
? On a recent Sunday, Dr. John*Hal),
of the Fifth Avenne Presbyterian church,
New York, ~ asked his people for their
annnal contribution to the mission work
of their church in that city, and although
the day was stormy and a less number
than usual was present, $10,500 was.;
handed in. "It is such gifts as these,"
says the Tribune, "which does more than,
conventions to convince the laboring
man that the church is more than a social
clnb, and that it does really care for
him."
? A little boy was taken suddenly IV%
and a celebrated doctor was called to
attend the little patient. The noted phy?
sician is short in stature, and is possessed
of a pair of bow legs. As is customary
with old country people, he stepped be?
fore the blazing grate fire, and, facing the
inmates of the room, lifted his coat-tails,
and proceeded to warm his lower extre?
mities, Before many minutes had elap?
sed the sick boy raised himself open his .
elbow and, eyeing the physician, ex?
claimed : "Doctor, please don't stand
there any lroger; your legs are warna
W " v - ' ?