Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY CLINKSCALES & LANGSTON. ANDEKS^7's.^7Ve^tES1)AY MORNING, MARCH In, 1893._VOLUME XXVII - -NO. 37 or Constipation Dyspepsia, headache, nausea, and all the ooiiinion disorders of the Stomach Liver, and Bowels. the best ar.<lniost popular |>hy>ie IsAyvr's Pills. Their satjar-coatinjr. v.ltieli rapidly dissolves in the stomach, preserves tlicir strength, and makes them easytutake. They are pun ly vegetable, contain neith i calomel nor any other harmful ingredient. The best family medicine. Recommended by tho profession* Easy to take. er's Cathartic Pills Prepared by Dr.J.C. Aycr & Co., Lowell, M.--. Every DoSe Effective^ HOME IS INCOMPLETE WITHOUT MUSIC ! Having Just Received a Large Addition to our Stock of HIGH GRADE PIANOS AND ORGANS! w E can supply any who may wish to purchase an Instrument at Manufacturers' prices. The justly celebrated Wheclock, Ivors ?fc Pond, Everett an I Kim ball Pianos are our leaders. Finished in latest style Cases of Walnut, English Oak, Mahogany and Ebony. Our SPECIALTIES in ORGANS arc Far ran (1 & Yotcy, KimbaU and "Crown," with several other well known makes always in stock. Each Instrument is fully warranted for five years, and we guarantee price and 'puil itj. Yon are cordially invited to visit our Warerooms rind inspect our immense stock. If this is inconvenient please w:'it<* ns for Catalogue and .'* ? s. V.'c can and will save yon money by buying from us. Respectfully THE C. A. REED MUSIC HOUSE. The best Stwinjr Machine on the market?" The Celebrated NEW HOME?'?always in stock. 40 TONS STEEL PLOWS, 300 PLOW STOCIS, 500 PLOW HANDLES, 50?0 HEEL BOLTS. 100 BOY DIXIE PLOWS, BLACKSMITHS BELLOWS, ANVILS, VISES, EAMES, BACK BANDS, ALL THESE GOODS MUST DE SOLD. PEICES LOW, VERY LOW. We are in it, and propose to g;ive you Bottom Prices on everything. we still 8eli OWL BRAND GUANO, THE VE61 ON EARTH. CUNNINGHAM & HUMPHREYS, Main Street Hardware Store. CUTTING HIGH STUBBLE. Next to Farmres and Merchants Bank. WILL. R. HUBBARD, JEWELLER. JLF you want to see the LARGEST STOCK and th? ?RICHTEST PLACE in Town juitdrop in and sec WILL. IHJHRaRO'S lEWEI.tl V STORE ! SOUVENIR SPOONS, LQVE CHAifcS, DIAMONDS, GOLD and SILVER WATCHES. SILVERWARE and NOVELTIES. l\ will pay you to give mo a till before hi yin>?. I don't sell :il Cost m?r tlirow in aChroino, but make a living prolil on every artichr. ??f Correct rt-prescalattoii. 1' tite ? 11:? ? tni<? fi :?!,<! pr rnplnesH. WILL. It. HUBBARD, Next t?? farmers am! Merchants Bank. EASY WAY TO MAKE E will i>ay our usual premium of '-IVi. HOLLAH? '? LARGLiji WATERMELON raised from OUli SKEl? the .Melon tn be hnught to our Store and weighed on ?>- !?? 1-r- A i'(? i > i 10, I ? ?'. Fresh Seeds ?>r:!]! i?mN .Jhs( iicceived. Syrup Bed ( : - irifier, -I n \V IIAISIX; THE KEOKUK'S GUNS. ' Tiu> EiilwrpriMi <>f a During Cluwleston F,->m th.- X- v York fi'?i*. I In the New York 77w - nf February ?'? there was to!-! too story of dir erallanl feat of Admiral fthon captain) Rhind in laying bis vessel, the Keoknk, up to Fort Sumter in the Federal attack on the forts protecting Charleston and keeping her there till she was ho riddled that she ?unk. After the engagement Capt. Rhind went to Washington bearing dis? patches to r?oretary Welles. His duty th:-re performed, he returned to Charles? ton. In conversation witli a New York Times reporter Admiral Rhind said that before reaching Charleston ho learned that the Confederates had succeeded in raiding the two guns of (he Keoknk, and had mounteil one of them in Fort "Hin? ter. That feat he considered one of thJ most d?ring of the war, and in point of still had probably no counterpart. The Keoknk lay on the bottom of Morris Island, with her turrets just awash at low water. She was in full sight of the fAeet in the dnytime, and distant from the ad vanced Union line not more than a mile. At the same time she was well below the protecting fire of the Confederate batter? ies. The work of getting hold of the Kpokuk's guns was intrusted to Adolphus LaCoste, a Charleston rigger. The sub? sequent work is best told as recently related to a New York limes reporter by Ex-Confederates who participated in the undertaking. LaCoste was one of Hip be*l known ship riggers of his day, and nothing if not practical. Rcaurerrfird directed that all the men he wished be pivpn to him. LaCoste got hold of a former lightship, which had done duty on Rattlesnake Shoal. He loaded the vessel well down by the bows with sand bags, and rigrred a pair of shears ov^r the bows so that the main purchase bio.-!; would just clear the billet head. Refore the lightship was tnwpcl down the harbor LaCoste and a gang of men worked silently a couple of nights on the turrets, cutting away the upper portion. All this had to be done during darkness, and the work left ap parenlly intact in order not to be discov? ered should the wreck be visited from the fleet during the day. Two nights after beginning work the lightnhip was silently moved down past Fort Sumter and secured to the wreck. Divers attached the heavy tackles to the forward gun, the windlass was manned, and the gun '?lightly raised, When the heavy tackle was up two blocks LnCoate ordered Ihesand bags rushed aft. The fort:e of men ran tne hags back with a will, and as the how ruse op iituler the lightening procesi n i deck so did the gun. Siowly the gn-at cannon approached the surface, and then, to th" litter COU sterna! ion of p.!l, when the last bng had beer: removed, it wp.s found that the gun liung in the turret, slightly caught by the muzzle. H.Hd the lightship been weigh? ed down a little more in the first place she would, under the lightening process, have swung the gun clear; but now, with the first streak of light in the east, it looked as if all the night's work was lost. Just as LaCoste was about to give the ord"r to lowpr the gun into 'he turret again, a heavy, lazy swell, one of that kind which on an apparently stnoo'h day Biiddently resurrects i'self from the deep, rolled in from the open spa, and as it struck the lightship it raised her bodily by the bows about two feet and at the same time swung the ponderous gun free of its iron cage. Aboard the lightship the Confederates could barely refrain from cheering, but the near presence of the Union fleet and the necessity for hurrying back under the protection of the fort caused prudence to reign. The lightship and the gun were towed into the upper harbor, and in a very short time one of the former eleven inch Dahlgrens of the Keokuk was pounding away from Fort Sumter in behalf of the Confederate cause. On the following night the after turret gun was successfully raised, the necessary precau? tion having been taken to insure the gun tack'es being of sufficient length. "I cu'.d hardly beli: ve it possible," said Admiral Rhind, "that the Confeder- j ates had got hold of those two gun-', lint! j yet when I pondered over it I was not so surprised, though it did seem that '.or j advanced ships must have been asleep." Continuing, he said: "When Dahlgren took command of the ; fleet off Charleston he ??,!.< in poor health and in anything but lit condition to com ! man I ait nc'ive attacking force. I well remember his first day nff the port. He desired tu have a look at Fort Sumter, and so boarded the Catskill and hoisted j his oennaut. He ordered the vessel : headed up the harbor. His fl-g, of course, was observed from every Confed? erate battery, and when finally he got within range he drew upon himself the concentrated fire of Sumter and all the upper Sullivan's Island batteries. The Admiral did nol continue his observa- | lions very long in that locality, and I J recall that when I visited him 'Iis?; night he was the worst-looking used up man I i I' d seen hi many day. I -aid to him, j rather laughingly, llnV there was ho doubt that tin pr -ce- of his Hag vrar, the pr> p r thifi'g, hot that for pruni m ?! sakh when making :? rec.ViinoM.-iincc it j ?teu:ed to mi rather inju Uciuus to have inlying. A ? in. ? r.i!i. A lioiral ! ?ah'^r. ;i found 'Hi' the strength of the Charleston : hatten -? "ii that n;?? i-io.i. "At lb;; time of the July attack of the i lb-el on Charleston's drfeiici s 1 had com- j maud of four w??od< n gur.h ?als. liming j tili- (ighi my lit'le sipiadrou lu d: rare ol the .Morri- l-hm-i batteries, paying par- ; licular altenth-ii R.tttr-ry Wagnei and i C:.mining's I!>miii. The result of that st-cmid tiuli'. history has rw-fded. it ri-i v confirm* d nie in my belief that ? I,? iiuiiiiOii was no! I lie vessel fioin which HMcecss was In be expecud iii .be work in hand. In my opinion iIn? N"cw Iron sides, wi h her powerful hntndsiilc ha! U-rv, made up ;<> i; was f eh ?ei; inch Ihiii'gre:] - was llie i lih-ieiit \e---l th'1 !?:?-?>? |i -i--d. iu?l. when it ! i::uue id:ftel-is.g r.irtlw-r-:-. il ??-.n!y ,bi,. in :h. Il.d b< lore Cl-.h.'lifton that cmlui db ie?llj go.i.1 -eVvh The \Ytr. of the iiii.u !? i- -?.!?- li.'O .-; ??. I he i.h'icH I n-prii vasii" ia,,i,,'e,J iii':" ;i.lo-le^nf ?* The vessel* themselves wore confined and cramped, and in rough wafer unfit for ; fighting. "To hp ??'.'f a monitor v;r.< sent to ' Europe, nr.,1, vv.n was -ent to the Pnci'ic. !>ut the facl that these two craft managed to make the passage nn more denaon strated thpm a- fighting vessels in rough weather (linn the fprry boats which we managed to send safely down the const. What wfiJ patent to us all, wlio had ex ppripnee wbh monitor?, was the absolute need of sufficient freeboard, and the Xew Ironsides was the nearest approach we bad to anything that could be termed a rpally efficient fighting ship before Char? leston. "Why, (lie Confederates cared little or nothing for the fire of the monitors, but whenpver the Xew Ironsides took up a position and commenced her terrific broadside fire no living thing could with? stand it even behind the magnificent bat? teries which Sullivan's and Morris islands possessed. "It was a grand sight to see Rowan move forward Into action with the Xew Ironsides. The biir ship would come stately on, wholly oblivious to the bail of shot rained upon her. Rowan would run in shore as far as there was sufficient anchoragfi, connect springs, to her cables, let go bis anchor, and then, and not till then, man the batteries. As soon as all was in readiness, Belknnp would take charge on the gun deck and the ball would open from our territory. I have seen the parapets on Morris and Sulli van's islands, lined with men in full view, when thpy were engaging only monitor;?, but whrm the Xew Ironsides came up into position, it was ouly a 'i'l^.-fion of a few minutes before she suc? ceeded in driving the men of any battery she concentrated her lire on into their bomhrnofs. "It was the practice before Charleston (o spud a monitor into the harbor every night to lie about the channels and intpr cep*, if possible, blockade runners. Cni hnnn had tili? duty t<> perform one night with his monitor, and in the early morn ? ing, when about to withdraw from his position, ran bis vesBc! aground, ^he tido vas falliiifc at the ti ne, and every instant imperilled the more bis ship. The Confederates detected with the ap? proach of dawn his predicament, and opened a heavy fire on him. As the under-water hull became exposed they aimed at that portion ef the ship. Cal houu responded as best he could, and in the meantime strove hard to free his shin. ' His condition was observed from the Union fleet, ami the Nrw Ironsides was ordered tu assist him. Rowan moved forward and threw himself directly be? tween Calhorn a d fi:p from Moul? ine, and then, with a roar which on'y the X w Ironsides r.ou!d utter, began belching fifth hrond-ide after broadside on to Moult He's parapets. Rowan cpiiet ed Moultrie for the time being and saved Calhoun. Tho latter managed with the assi-tnnce of another ship to pull himself free ef the ihore. "Throughout the whole of the opera? tions before Charleston the New Iron? sides, T think I am safe in saying, never had a man killed aboard her, and she did the 'hardest fighting of any ship in the Meet. She usually came in for the heaviest, fire from the enemy, and yet, except for the tearing off of two port shutters and the slight rupture of an overheard oarline, I do not recall that slip ever suffered in the least. She car? ried four inch armor. "Our signal system before Charleston was crude. It was nothing more thnn the simple wigwag and was early read by the Confederates from Fort Sumter. Pahlgren was constantly talking with Gillmore and subsequently events showed that the majority of these signals were read by the enemy." It was inferential from Admiral Rhind's remarks that there was not that cordial support between the fleei and the army at all times which were so necessary to success. The Admiral referred to Gillmore's assault on Battery Wagner and the bloody repulse that follow(d; and declared that, in bis opinion, the assault would have been a success had the fleet been directed to open on the worts prior to the charge. "As it was," said the Admiral, "I lay oil'Buttery Wagner with the Paul .Jones anxiously awaiting an order to open on Wagner, f knew, and wo all for that matter, that there would bean assault that night. Oillmorc had been parading hi- ^vaulting column in full view on the beach, nd the t that reinforcements were known t" us to have beer, push'd over in Morris I land made it pretty cer- I lain thai other-, brides ourselves knew ' of something about to happen. "I moved the ''mil Jones in a-<!o-p as possible, and up to the last moment wait? ed with my battery manned for an order 'o open on Wagner. No order came. We heard the movement of the assault? ing column, and a little later saw a blind? ing sheet of flame leap around the para? pets of Wagner, which mowed down over 1 2nfl Union men. The awful glare of that Hash, the blinding fury which it seemed In impart, is something ! shall ! never fi.Tgel. 1 was, for the moment,' ? ? >111 11??? ?!y stjigpered, bui recovering ?:;??-? '!' I - iiil to Purrrsl, who was In side in-- ? " 'It. in too bit" for us to do anything. That column is annihilated.' "Mini ih" Now Ironsides and annul? lier -it ih" wooden gunboats only been in i position the parapets of Wagner could have been kepi e'ear. The New Iron ; snip's had repeatedly shown thai if she could not driv* Ihe defenders of Wagner I frr.m their position, she could at least | keep thpm i loir of the parapets. Why she was not ird' r<"'. to open her fire on \Vsgi r thai nigh? is something I have never been able to explain." ? Beware of imitations. Take no "jus! as good." See that you get the , genuine Dr. Hull's Cough Syrup, tho iicerli-s specific. ? The average per-on trims ntf the thirty-second part of an inch from each finge- nr il a work, ->r about an inch and h ha.lfpvery year. The aver ige of human life n!l over tho world i I" vcars. There -SHOULD A SOLDIER FEAR .' Sjoiit hern General* Discuss, the Question ol Hravery. '?hil.uMi.hi.i 77/11?. Washington, February 24.?Tl r: qne-tion whether a brave soldier experi cnrcs the sensation of fpar i* one on which there if) great diversity of opinion. It would certainly seem that there was far greater merit in facing a danger from a sense of duty, where a man realized the peril, thar in a stolidity of feeling incapable of appreciating danger. F.very one recalls the story of the great French marshal who, when about to mount his horse before a battle, noticed his Ipc* shaking with fear. Gar.ing scornfully upon them 1m is said to have remarked, "Oh, legs, if you know where I wa? going to take you, you'd be shaking worse than that/' and thpn rode forth to mingle in the charge. No one can rloubt but that his courage was of the highest order. Vet no authority can have more weight than the statements of warriors themselves, and here are the opinions of the famous Southern fighters. gen. uradley t. johnson. The question "Is fear in a sol iier cow? ardice?" answers itself in the definition. Fear, as I understand it, is the physical shrinking from physical struggle with opposing physical force. Cowardice is the refusal of the physi? cal and intellectual nature of man to face opposition, either physical or intel? lectual. Fear is controllable by superior will either of the man himself or of another, who, for the time, dominates and directs him. Cowardice is uncontrollable. Both cowardice and fear are physical as well as moral conditions. Some men are unconscious of fear? they are actually unaware of what dan? ger is?and in the real gaudium certam inis, the joy of battle, they actually de? light in the fierce excitement of the fight. I really believe that Major Jim Breathed, of the Stuart Horse Artillery, and Major Harry Critnor would rather fight than eat. Smart enjoyed battle, so did Stonewall Jackson, and my analysis of Lee was that when his blood was up? and the smell of gunpowder always fired him?he was as fierce as any far off Norse ancestor. Though I knew nothing personally of Grant, T am of the opinion that the scent of blood drove his p?lse up. I know Hancock blazed all over with enthusiasm at the sound of the guns and thp cheers of a charging line. I have no doubt that many men facing death have felt their flesh shrink and their nerves give way and were sorely afraid But pride of character, regard for the respect of those at home and the presence and example of thousands around them, crushed out fear and made them as firm and self controlled as the bravest. I do not recollect ever having seen a coward?that is, a man whose fear over? came his sense of duty, personal pride and regard for reputation. I have seen lines of battle afraid, seen them waver in front of hostile batteries seen them hesitate to meet the coming shock. But I havo seen those very lims epring up at once animated by the bril? liant example of personal da>h of their commanding officer, who riding to the Iront, would swing his sabre above his head and shout, "Follow me, men." And the thousand men, who a moment before were afraid, were thrilled by the electric shock of enthusiasm and went forward with a rush that was irresistible. The best veterans have befn seized with panic. When tl o nerves have been braced for hours the constant tension ex? hausts the endurance of human nature and the most trivial incident will throw them off their balance, lose thoir self control and send them senseless into panic, like a herd of buffalo. Napier records an incident of the Pe? ninsula war. Sir John Moore's army, than whom more seasoned soldiers never bore musket, was resting by the roadside and broke into utter confusion when a loo-e horse came galloping down the ranks. Fear is physical and intellectual dread. Cowardice is fear uncontrollable. B?ami.ky T. Johnson, VYV7. i.ee says yes I would reply affirmatively to thu question, "Is fear in a soldier coward? ice ?" Fear is cowardice and cowardice is fe.-.r ?both are painful apprehensions of dan? ger. The meaning of both is "to I e j :tfraid'' and an absence of courage is im? plied in each. If a soldier ia afraid to fight, he is de ficient in courage. There are however, two kinds of courage, the moral and the physical?the one obligatory in its na- | ture, the other natural. I have often witnessed a display of both by officers and men where the skirmish line of con- ' tending armies lirst opened a big battle. Some wru'd hp nervous, excited a'id pallid, others stoical, tranquil and un? concerned; But a'ter the skirmishers had been replaced !>y lines of battle and the ra'tl^ of mn-I.es and war of cannon h'id drowned the first "puttering -hot-'?while the combatants were shouting and men were falling and the battle was an accom? plished fact-the delicious excitement which Gen. Dick Taylor said S one wall always enjoyed on such occasions, would possess equally the one and the other ..ml no difference would be visible in their deed-of daring. FlT;:ili;?.ll LEE. .ti'i:ai. V.\rlev's 0.1*1 "l">: In response to the inquiry "Is fear in a soldier cowardice ?" 1 w< 1 say thai while cowardice is the result 'excessive 1 fiar it di.es not follow that ft is always ' cowardice. We aic told in the Bible, isalm !!<;. ' verse 10, and in several other | .ace , that ''The fear of the Lord is beginning of wisdom." That, of course is not coward ice. Fear is a word that lias a variety of definitions, amongst them being "hi x iety, solicitude, reverential rrgard, re spec! mingled wiih awe." Viewing it in ?he sense of an appn heniion ol danger, I ': :?.?.< kimw ' ;.v i ou;. bcdti r exj-re; < my pit,;-.ii da t;.; .Vi:!;jc?:t than Uj :efcr;\^.g Dictionary. In defining i: he quote* from the Scotch poetess, Joanna Baillie, as follows Tho brave man is not ho who tVels nn four. Hut lie whoso noble -<>.ii no fear subdues. From my own experience and observa? tion I can say that the bravest soldier in action i-> never without fear or apprebe sion of danger, bus he encounters tin., dancer without shrinking. It follows, therefore, that fear is not always cowardice in a soldier. Lynchbiirg, Va. J. A. Early. i.fx. wright's view. Von ask from mo an answer to the question, "Is fear in a soldier cowardice?" My division commander in the late civil war. Gen. B R Cheatham, who was a hero of two preat wnrs, once said to mo ; "The man who sav? ho g^p? into battle without fear is either nn idiot, a lunatir or a liar" ()n the pre of an onencromont, so far as my observation and experience go. there is nlwnvs perceptible a fearful looking forward to tho consequences. Ir is said of Tnmorlano that on the pvo of a battle be was hoard to oxe'aim : "I wish I were a shepherd bnv." I ngroo with Gen. Cheatham tbnt no inno man over onenrrod in a battle with a =pnsp of f?ar. But this fear is not the fear of a coward. Thp brave man is hp who gnpn Into battle with a full knowledge of its perils which he wishes to escape, but willingly risks bis life for his cause ?.nd country. ft is told of Governor (nowSenator) Z B. Vance that boinp in a holly contested engagement in the lato civil war, he Raw a bare betwppn the lir os running for life, when he exclaimed : "Go, it Mollie Cot? ton Tail; if I were not Governor of North Carolina I would run too." aLVRfra J. Wright. from a cavalry oexeral. The following forcible sentiments aro from the pen of a famous SoulliPrn ( ' ? airy General who refuses to allow bis name to appear "I fancy every man will agree ih: ?fea? ts as universal and indispensable alitv as most others. "Self'preservfttion is M ? iir-t '??w of nature. Solicitude for preservation is commonly called fenr. "Cowardice, I apprehend, is an entirely different thing. Cowardice is unmanly submission to unworthy fear. You will find cowardice exhibited and well de? scribed in 'Mpasure for Measure/ C:e sar was afraid and cried to Caasius, when be was sinking, to save him. Macbeth was frightened by the ghost of Banquo, but neither of them were cowards. "f repeat that fear is a natural emo? tion, and only becomes cowardice when it is yielded to. Perhaps the highest courage is that which c mquera fear or which does its duty and shrinks from no peril, although the feeling of apprehen? sion may be racking the human soul. Fear iu a soldier, in my estimation, is not cowardice, unless it makes him de? sert his post of duty. I havo no idea that the Confederate soldiers who re? claimed the crater at Petersburg did not feel the emotion of fear when they were rushing over an earthquake to restore a broken line, but the courage that con? quered the tear is to me sublime." oes. i.oman'< rei'ly. In ri ply to I he question, "Is fear in a soldier cowardice?" I would say, in my opinion, it is not. The best soldier is one who knows and fears die danger and marches boldly fur ward to meet it. I believe the excitement we saw in many on the field was a cloak for real cowardice, and, if not successful in the first dash, they often gave up. A brave soldier is cool nod persevering under fire. Every intelligent and educated man fears the contest, but in by no means for this reason a "coward." L L. Lomax. Changed their Minds. A young couple in a Lancashire vil? lage had been courting for several years. Tho young man one day sf;id to the young woman: "Sail, I canna marry thee."' "How's that ?" ' I've changed my mi ml," said be. '?Well, I'll toll yon what we'll do," said she. "If folks knows that it's thee as has given me up, I shanna be able to get another chap. So'll we'll have the banns published ; and, when the wj [din, day comes, the parson will say ' bee. 'Wiit thou have this woman to be thy wedded wife?' and thou say "i w am when he says to i\ 'Wili th u h thi man to be '. y wedded 1." ba id? i shall say, ;I wiii' .v.' The day came; and wh< -i the minister said, "Wilt thou have this woman to be thy wedded wife ?" the mar:.answered, "I will." Then the parson said to tho wo? man, "Wilt thou have tnis. man to be thy wedded husband?" and -he said "J will." "Why;" said the young man, furi? ously, "you said you would bbv, i wiuna.'" "I know 'ha'."said the young woman : "but I've changed my mind tince." ? Therein more- Catarrh in'his rcc lion ?f the country than ail other disea ses put together, and until th-last few years was ntppoaed to be incurable. For a great many years doctors pronounced it a local disease, and prescribed local rem? edies, and by constantly failing to cure with local trc.it:;.? ;.:. pronnnuced it incu rablc. Science has proven c.-?tarr!i to be a constitutional disease, and therefore requires, constitutional1 raiment. Hail's Catarrh Ciire, man u fact :;:< 1 by F. J. Chetu-y Co . Toledo, t >li!o, is the only constitutional cure on th> market. !t i tidreii internally in doses from 10 drops to i to: sp >' lift;!. It acts directly on the blood and n norms surfaces of tho system. The' offer one hnr.dred dnllars for any case i' fails eure SpihI for circulars and testimonials. F. .'. I'll F.N F.S" & CN '.. Toledo, I i. So ?! by I ?ruggisj;:.c, "TlitTiv!" exclaimed the f?iir?yndi ? eatress ? ! think this artic e wili !;" a j ;, i, :????:( .v : "' is lb1 ti:lr, 1 df-ili ' ' ''!(??. in ni!:nS|ff| <: < it'r'n bl.tf ; SUBSTITUTE FOB COTTOS. Fall lrl>li I'nlatoDK a< a i*Ioney Cr??|k ?*>pmi' i-lt CiMilxTn as a >nl>-lit.':(?? for a Foray? Crop. Ni.w HosTtix, Tex., March 1 ?In an article wiittPti tu 'lip ff.>?n an<l fiirM, la~t May, I Bftid tliat we could look out for excessive rains und high wafer?he fore the article was published all the western streams were rising rapidly? and that these rains with the reduced acreage would cause a shortage in the cotton crop equal to the surplus then on hand. But look out for a big cotton crop in 1893. Now this was not wholly guess work. 1 further -aid all kinds of grain would he low. My reasons wpre then given, and it would tf.ke several lengthy arti? cles to explain, So here I will only sav that the rains had already commenced and there was a treat deal of water on the ground everywhere except in the Southwest. When this is the case at the beginning of warm weather it is sure to la-t until midsummer if not until mid winter. These wrt seasons ar? the very thing for all kinds of grain, hut very detrimen? tal to cotton. Still, good cotton can he made these wet seasons and the very best of grain made in dry seasons, but better preparation and cultivation are needed in both cases. T have not time to say more than I his on the base of my last May's prophecy. Why I said look out out for a b'g cotton crop in 18?3 was because the short crop of 1892 would, as I said then, sell cotton at 9 to in cents a pound and everybody would wish their grain was in cottrn in ; and be? cause every even year since I came to Texas, in I37f>, there had been much more rain than in the odd years, and corn has always been low in the fall and win? ter of even years and cotton high the next spring, while the falls of odd years have reversed things?hieb corn and low cotton in the fall. Still, this is by no means unchangeable, and large crops of rrain tnay lie procured in the grain belt Dr?per in odd years. This would hold the ?rice . -vn as ;:i , Sf'. Then they ma/ loju ? .3 we did last year in cotton and in the grain belt did in 18i?0?cut down ihe grain crop. It is now very certain the cotton acre? age wili be larger and corn acreage at the South much below last year, with the probability of a dry season. This will bring high corn, and would bring low cotton bul for the large per cent, of the crop being planted in (the very unpro lific) long staples. And long staples cut no figure in the cotton supply, except to count acreage and bales to bold down the price, because long staples cannot be used in general manufactured goods. Still there will very likely be a large enough crop made to fully supply the de? mand and hohl the price below present prices. All the bottom lands will be forced to greatly increase the acreage, and should the season be dry, as we sus? pect, they will make fully 1,500,000 more bales than they made in 1892. Besides their increased acreage their land will be much richer aud easily cultivated. Add this to last year's crop and we see, with ' out counting the increase on the uplands, there would be ample to supply the de? mand. The South must have more than one money crop and more than one forage crop. On dry years the one forage crop, corn, seldom does well on sandy lands, but cotton atid all other shade plants do best these dry seasons, and on the wet years cotton does not fruit well. One season Spanish goobers will make twice as much forage as corn on poor or very sandy lands, and on dry seasons three or four times as much. They are no more trouble to cultivate than a cow pea, will make in from ninety to 100 days planted in April, will be ready to harvest in July, are harvested by pulling up vines as we used to pull up cow peas in the old States. The goobers all haDgs to and come up with the vine. A hand can pull up enough to winter a milch cow or teed a horse three months in a single day I grew them last year that made a quart of goobers tn the single hill. We have our row? three or three and a half fec-t upart and drop two goobprs about every eighteen inches in the drill at cot? ton planting time A drouth that would ruin a corn crop would be the making of 1 co'.ton. Next to the goobers cow peas come for forage on those dry seasons on poor or very sany land. >.'. ?? now about '.he substitute money rrq.. When the goobers or cow peas .re ii "-vested in .J"ly, follow close upon he hut esters with plow and harrow, oiler Uj logo ag. ortako up in the af ternoon and : iw and harrow the next morning, and harrow once a week until the first good season after the first of Au? gust, which is ueErly always the middle of the month in the northern part of the cotton belt aud last of August in the Southern part. Lay off" rows same width as for the oobers, and plant Irish pota~ t >es. Cover with four furrows with turning plow. Always out the potato: never plant a whole potato in second or fall crop, because the whole tuber may lie without sprouting till spring, while the cut potato will tome right up, if there is gulficicut moisture, to a perfect stand. i: i- not necessary to sprout them be fore planting it cut. Hut the land must be pulverized very tine, so as to hold moisture. .Never plant a second crop ol i potatoes on the same laud the spring ? crop L'rew on. Hut grow if pos? sible a .-hiide crop, such as Spanish peanuts or peas. Those gather nitro geii am! carbonic acid Irom ihe atmos? phere, which is not only food hut causes the land to crumble well and hold mois I lure; ; A few days alter covering the potatoes i with four turning plow furrows drag oil with a loir or hurr.iw and HL'nin every w< ek until the potato shows above ground. When up sullicit-nt to work run around with side harrow or sweep, j A lew days later lay by with turning ; plow, running .-hallow, but wrapping the iliri around the plant. Vow what variety ' ? nlant ' IIv -ii! "iran- if powM- phujf the Twncww TrbHornV I? ty 'ipjinsifti !"r ii<^ R?ir_ po-if in Tennessee a few years ago and will nearly double any other variety in marketable potatoes, at the South, plant? er! either in the spring or fall. The fall '?mp improves it for enrliness, quantity and quality, and in all makes it far su? perior to anv northern grown. The fall Irish potatoes are as far supe? rior to spring irrown as the fall turnips or radish is superior to the spring crop. The seed from a -pring radish no larger than a man's finger i-and that is hot and strimry) will provide radishes aj large as a man's wrist on the same kind of land sown in August, and it will be brittle and sweet. Xow as to vield. My crop planted thp loth of last August (eighth crop here in four year? without change of seed, and each succeeding crop wa= finer than thp one before it) made at the rate of lot) bushels per acre of the finest potatoes I ever saw, without fertilizer of any kind. The fall crop will make potatoes as large as a teacup on land that would not make a tuber larger than a marble from north em seed spring irrown. Xow how about the demand ? Poes anyone have any idpa about how many Irish potatoes are shipped to thp South between October and March, when mon? ey is plentiful and the farmer's mortgage is falling due? Just think about it. Everybody in the town eat them, aod ev? erybody that plants any kind of vegeta? bles buy seed Irish potatoes at from $1 to $2 per bushel. Think about it. Cotton is sure not to be very high, and feedstuff is likely to be very high, and potatoes always high at the South, and they can surely be pro? duced at nominal cost. I will answer any and all questions either privately or through the Kern.?Jeff Wefborn, in Gal vision News, Central Asia's Cotton. Sr. Petersburg, March 4.?TheNews publishes an interesting article, with illustrations, showing the remarkable development, of the cotton industry in Central Asia in a realm that fifteen or twenty years ago was a great desert, pro? ducing scarcely enough to support noma? dic hordes. One of the pictures shows the cotton market at Andijan, in the pro? vince of Fergban, Turkestan. It is the central mart of that entire region. When it is understood that this region now pro? duces and exports more cotton than all the rest of Asia combined, the signifi? cance attached to Andijah may be ap? preciated. Andijan is situated, as before stated, in the province of Ferghan, on the river Sir Daria. To the north, east and south of it exteud the gigantic peaks of the brauches of the Hindoo Koosh range, but to the west stretches away an even plain, over which the cotton is conveyed to European Russia, principally to Xijni Xovgorod1 A feature of the Asiatic cot? ton production, which not only threatens to, but already does, rival the American product in the Russian markets, is its immense and rapid growth. In 1871 but 23.000,000 pounds of Tur ksstau cotton found its way to European Russia. In I.SSI this had increased to ?l?.OOO.O?D and in the year 1801 the total amount sent nut was OS,500,000 pounds. While this, when compared to Ameri? ca's production of 2,814,000,000 pounds yearly may seem but minute, a careful examination will show that the progress of the increase of production is so rapid that it will not be long before this Turk? estan cottou will rival the American pro? ducts not only in the Russian markets, but also in those in Western Europe. Another significant factor is the ex? tremely low cost of production. It is needless to go into elaborate explana? tions on bis head. Suffica it to state that, whereas the average price of cotton in the Uuited States is about 12 cents per pound, the Turkestan product may be bought at Xijni Novgorod for as low as 7 and 8 cents, and even less. Nor is the Turkestan staple any inferior in quality to that of America. Indeed, on the con trary, that country is very fortunate both in its climate and soil as regards the pro duction of cotton. The climate >s soft and the ideal one for the semi tropical products. The soil is rich with salt and supersulphate of lime. These two are quite significant items in themselves. Furthermore, the plant, which attains in this region some nine and a half feet in height, and a thickness of stalk of two and a half inches, is singularly free from the various kinds of worms, such as the cotton worm, ball worm, etc., which are accredited with destroying nearly 31 per cent, of the American cotton crop. While 'be caterpillar does appear here, it is only inward the end of the summer, and thus docs more good than barm, since it eats off the top leaves of the plant and thus lets in the sunlight to shine upon the lower portioi.-. uf it, at the time when it needs it tno-t, as the crop is gathered in August. There are at present sixteen cotton mills at Andijan, and, as these have been found incapable of anywhere near filling the demand, fight more are already in course of construction, and several others have been contracted for. One of these present mills is capable of cleaning 2,000 puds /about 7,000 pounds] per day. Ilccognizin^ the importance ol foster? ing such an industry, the Russian Gov? ernment has given it an enormous im peius by levying a large tax on the im port of raw cotton, which is. at present in force. Hiichlcns Arnica Salve. The he--! salve in the world for Cuts Bruises, Sores, Ulcers. Salt Rheum, Fe ver Sores, Tetter, Chapped Hand-. Chil? blain**, Corns, and all Skin Eruptions and positively cures Files, or no pay required It is guaranteed to give per? fect satisfaction, or money refunded Price 2.1? cents per box. F..r .-ale ty Hill Bros ? When n irre is ?ecidently barked by a passing wheeler gnawed by some animal, a plaster ol soft clay or cow manure should he put "ti at once am! covered with two er three thicknesses of begging, .??mi it will often heal up so thst the - 'p w;!] pass around the wound, as it .. i. : where the ii;n!? :..s.I been sawed ? ' ' " ? Ii:'!?! , : '?' rr: HHii t.vfry jy.-t ^fliflg, All Sorts of Paragraphs. The municipal debt of New* VH ; city i< :f'15.r?,?00,GO0. | : I.n-t year nur railroads carried SM hundrpd million people. . H ~ The term hand, u-ed in moa-urii? horses, mean* four inches. j Q ? Don't prieve over spilt milk* as as you can drive up the cows. * ? The man with plenty of fat rortH ges lives on the lien of the land. ? A wart can be removed by touchM it several times a day with castor oil. 9 ? A French statistician says that 2 Ofjl years from now the average man will fl 15 inches high. i i ? For selling bis vote a resident oi Wolfe County, Kentucky, was sentenced to disfrancbisenieot for life. ? A resident of Union City, Mich., although married 10 years, boasts that h^ has never kissed his wife. j ? J. W. Felkner, of Palatkn, Flft., I the owner of an English coin which, hfl claims, bears the date of the year 1124 I ? There is nothing superior to SalraJ tion Oil for the relief and cure of woui,M of all kinds. Its effect is marvelou"! 25 cts. ^ ? A little Harlem boy was asked last, Monday what the Sunday School tfjfUt was. He answered, "Many are cold, but few are frozen." j ? He?Is your husband a good man ? She?Well, if he were as good as he thinkaJ j be is heaven wouldn't be good enough! for him. 1 I ? The consumption of eggs and pou!-| try by the people of the United States is fifty-six million dollars' worth rer annum, which is greater in amount than the wheat or cotton crop. ? "That's a pretty big buckwheat cake for a boy of your size," says papa at breakfast to Jimmieboy. "It looks big," said Jimmieboy, "but really it isn't. It's got lots of porouses in it." ? Secretary Herbert's short arm ?an sympathize with Secretary Gresham's. short leg. It was a Federal bullet in the Wilderness that shortened the former and a Confederate bullet near Atlanta that shortened the latter. ? "I took the pledge against the swearing habi t last New Year's day." "In deed! And how do you get along?" "Very well, but the crucial test is ap? proaching." "How?" "I am going to take a porous plaster off my back to? night." ? For all derangements of the thioat and lungs, Ayer's Cherry Pectoral is ti e speediest and most reliable remedy. E^en in the advanced stages of Consump? tion, this wonderful preparation affords great relief, checks coughing, and indi? ces sleep. ? A valuable contribution to the relics for the Confederate museum, to be estab? lished in the house occupied by Jefferson Davis while he was President of the Confederacy, was received several days ago. It is a bound album containing over 80 specimens of notes insued by the Confederate States. ? Lizard skin has become a very pop? ular material for cardcases, purses and euch things, and a large business has sprung up in the raw material. Over 500,000 of the skins were imported from the State of Tabasco, Mexico, last year, and it is estimated that fully 5,000,0f0 lizards were killed there. Many of the skins went to Europe. ? All the elements which nature re quires, to make the hair beautiful and abundant, are supplied in Ayer's Hair Vigor. This preparation keeps the s'ca'p free from dandruff, prevents the hair from becoming dry and harsh, and makes ? it flexible and glossy. ? Teacher: Johnnie, do you think if you had cut down your father's cherry tree you would have told the truth about it? Johnnie (slowly): No, I don't be? lieve I would. Teacher: What I You would not tell a falsehood? Johnnie (apologetically): Well, ma'am, yer see, I don't believe Washington's father was just the same sort of feller as mine. ? Clergyman?Laziness is the begin? ning of all trouble, and it is your duty, my good woman, to accustom your chil? dren to hard work from an early age. Parishioner?You are quite right, sir, and so far as my little Johnny is con? cerned, no one can say that he is Iszy, for he's kept busy all day fetching beer for his father. ? "I have a conundrum for you," said one Brooklynite to another. "Propound it." "Why are unmarried women always first at church ?" "Give it up." "Be? cause they want to be there when the hims are given out." "Now I have one for you." "Well?"' "Why do hens lay their eggs in the daytime?" "I don't know. Why?'' "Because at night they are roosters." ? Music offers to women with excep? tional voice or ear a fine prospect for in? dependence. The lady who is said to be the be?t choir singer in this country was Miss Clementine de Vere, now Mrs. Sapio. In the West Presbyterian church of Ntw York city .-he receives ?4,500 a year for eight months' service. She has been allowed besides five weeks for an annual concert tour. In every city of any size at all women with sweet, well trained voices can get good paying em? ployment in choir singing. ? On a recent Sunday, 1 >r. John- Hall, of the Fifth Avenue l'resbyterian church, New York, asked his people for their annual contribution to ihe mission work ot their church in that city, and although die day was stormy and a less number than usual was present, ?-10,500 was j handed in. "It i* such gifts as these," -ays the Tr bune, "which does more th&n ' conventions to convince the laboring : man that the church is more than a social cHb. ami that it does really care for 1 him." ? A iittle boy wss taken suddenly il', and a celebrated doctor was cailed to attend the littk- patient. The noted phy sician is short in stature, and is possessed of a pair of bow legs. As i-customary with old country people, he stepped be? fore the blazing grate fire, and, facing the inmates of the room, lifted his coat-tails, snd proceeded to warm hi? lower extre? mities. Before many minutes had elap? sed the sick boy raised himself upon his elbow and, eyeing the physician, ex i imed : "'Doctor, piepse don't stand lucre sny hp-rer- your leg?* are warn?