Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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-V", m II BY CUNKSCALES & LANGSTON. ^l^^il ON EY...?.i.I?.. !VI E\l EVERYBODY is willing to admit that the people need more money, and we hope they will get it, We would not mind haying a little more ourselves. It is ter? ribly scarce, but we have? ?? , OME FIVE DOLLAR GOLD PIECE Left, and are saving it for the man. that will raise the? HEAVIEST TURNIP FBQ3I OUK SEED. A Big Lot (of Fresh Turnip!Seed Just in, and for sale at lowest market price. .? ? :? y- ? ? - * ' tl v - "" ^??"v^^akV Ail Turnips competing for the Five Dollars must be brought to our Store by the 15thof November. -\ 1 OER <Sc SZi<QA.lsr. .'S--} -^ii? ? GotlrOiCSiiis AND i>.-V ' THE CELEBRATED > . .^ithFeede i THIS GIN,partakes qf the BEST FEATURES in others, and corrects the DEFECTSWaD.^" v'7 ?"? /? / *? ? ' I* RUBBER and LEATHER BELTING, Sold under a -positive'guarantee that will protect every buyer. By recent Bpetial contracts with Manufacturers we are in shape to com? pete with the, world. ? Ali we ask for Is a fair opportunity and no favors. HARDWARE, CUTLERY, IMPLEMENTS, &c, In such quautity and variety aa to give ua the lead not only in Anderson but in : ^th? Stated . 1 - DOORS, - SASH, i|| SUNOS, AND FINISHED BUILDING LUMBER, A SPECIALTY. aggies, ? E HAVE NOW IN STOCK "AND ARRIVING DAILY A LARGE STOCK: OF BUGGIES. Tyson & Jones' Celebrated Buggies, ? Made id-North Carolina, are the best sold in this market. They are superior in material, style, workmanship and finish to any other make, and present, with their elegant silver mountings, a very neat appearance, besides combining durability and strength with lightness and easy riding qualities. In fact, there cannot be said too much in their praise, and all we ask is for you to come and see them before buying elsewhere. The wellrknown Eaydock Bice Coil Spring Buggies, Of which we have sold so many during the past two seasons, have given universal satisfaction, and the demand for them is constantly increasing. They are conceded to be the easiest riding Baggies made, and less tiresome for long distance travels ? than any other. We keep a complete stock of these constantly on hand. Besides the foregoing we have a variety of other manufactures, and are there? fore prepared to suit all classes of trade. Prices Low and Terms to Suit Purchasers. .We also keep a large assortment of all kinds of? ~ HARNESS FOR SALE. prices. Before buying elsewhere be sure and call and examine our etock and SYLVESTER BLECKLEY COMPANY. for Infants and Children. "Cactorlaia 80 vreH adapted to children that I recommend it as superior to any prescription Jmown to me." - H. A. Akcheb, U.V., Ill So. Oxford St, Brooklyn, N. Y. Castoria cores Colic, Constipation, Sour Stomach, Diarrhoea, Eructation, Kills Worms, gives sleep, and promotes dl ? pestion, I Without injurious medication. Tux Centaur Company, 77 Murray Street, K. T. W?MM^ff'ffl.MB?? TO RENT. ThE STORE ROOM now occupied by the Alliance at Honea Path. Possession given 1st September. Terms reasonable, g pply to J. R. DONALD, Honea Path, 3. C. Inly 23,1891 3 3* F- L. NARAMORE, DENTIST, ANDERSON, - - - S C. OFFICE over Merchants' and Farmers' Bank. j&f Preservation of the Natural Teeth and Boots a specialty. June 25,1891 51 ly ? > ?. ? ? . _ ? ..?.ff . TeJ??h^'Column, IB?: All coramnnicationa intended for thisColumn should be addressed to C. WARDLAW, School Commissioner, An? derson,' S. C. MEMORY GEMS. "A poor man is better than a liar." - '?They are slaves who dare not be In the right with two or.three." ., , Is it correct to say let me smell of a rose, taste of an apple, or feel of a soft piece of cloth ?' We sH?uld be glad' to have the opinion of teachers on this question. If such, expressions are not correct, why ? Now is the time to make arrangements for next year's work. Do not wait until all the places are filled, but go ahead and fill one of them. The teacher belongs to a noble profession, and should strive to make it so regarded. The Teachers' Association was in every sense a glrand success. We ibnw all who attended it went away feeling bene? fited and greatly encouraged. It was a pretty big undertaking, but we feel am? ply repaid for a??8|r ?ffiortsS g. | % If a teacher will take the Fellowship school on a subscription plan it can be made a success, notwithstanding the Blander on the good people of that vicin? ity, published recently over & non'dc plum. All that community needs is a teacher. We have more confidence in that community than- 'we have in;one who would try to Blander it. We do hope every teacher, in Ander? son County will subscribe to the Teachers' Institute for next year. If you have never tried it you do not know how much you miss by not taking it. Lawyers, doctors, dentists, all take professional papers. Why not the teacher ? It is the best paper for the teacher that we have seen.' Call and examine1 a copy at this office. We feel, very grateful to the teachers of the State for their many expressions of appreciation and words of encourage? ment during the recent meeting of the Association. It is very pleasant to have our fellow-citizens and co-workers think and speak so kindly of ns and our'efforts to discharge our duty, and especially to have so many prominent educators to agree with us in, and commend us, for the manner in which we have discharged our', official duty. Rev. J. A. Clifton, of'Greenville, said in a speech before the Honea Path school, that he'd rather be J. A. Clifton than any other man on earth, and gave as the reason, that God had created him for a specific purpose, as He did every man and woman, and unless he per? formed the duty for which he was spe? cially created, it must go undone, and to that extent the purpose of his Creator in his creation would be thwarted; be? cause such person has his or her specific work to. do. that ..cannot be done by an? other. Will every teacher try to grasp this grand- thought and appropriate it, and earnestly and faithfully endeavor to do the specific work for which he or she has been brought into the world, for "There's a work for me and a work for you* Something for each of us now to do." , _... gg '?'< Every mothers a teacher, and ia en. gaged from the birth of'her first child in making "first impressions."- Some of these impressions' are' very detrimental to the future, worth of the child. And many a teacher has labored long and in vain to efface the first "impressions wrongly made by the mothers. God has wisely intrusted the care of children at first to mothers, and he will justly hold them responsible for the way in .which they discbarge that trust. It is a fearful responsibility that rests on parents. How we do wish it was rightly appreci? ated. Awful and fearful is the wreck of a human life, and still more awful and fearful the final wreck and ruin of an immortal soul. This dreadful wreck often begins in the family- circle, but oftener in the social circle. Does it ever begin in the school room ? Is it ever started by the teacher ? HIGHES CHOICES. The effort of the real educator is to di? rect the growing mind in its search for truth; he keeps life, its duties and cares constantly in mind. Man is at the top of creation, but he has in him the pas? sions and tendencies of the lower races of animated existence. It is a practical question the teacher must deal with how to direct the pupil so that he will choose the higher and not the lower objects that come before him. It is a problem by no means yet worked out how. in presenting the ordinary studies the pupil will ac? quire the habit of making higher instead of lower choices. This is a problem of large magnitude, and no educator Bhould fail to consider it with care. If we state it more practically it is this: So to teach numbers, for ex? ample, that the pupil becomes stronger morally as well as intellectually. There are many who deny tbe possibility of doing this ; intellect they say is one thing, morals quite another. There is a growing clas3, however, who believe that education means more than intellect? that it means the whole man. Dr. Fel? lenburg made this a maxim, so did Pes? talozzi, so did Froebel. The theory of the New Education is that all right knowledge tends to right action. Its ex? ponents would reconstruct extensively the course of study that is now followed in both public and private schools. A teacher who has attained a worthy eminence tells us that his constant ques? tion when he came before his class in arithmetic, for example, was: "Why do I teach theBe children arithmetic?" That is just the question an educator will ask himself in every study he urges his pupils to attempt. It is a proper ques? tion. Would that it were oftener asked! The real teacher, mark, the real teacher, will ask a good many questions he is not able to reply to, but it is a good thing to ask them after all. By much questioning, by still more thinking, a boy of educational principles will be reached and the teacher will then ANDERSON, S, C feel that his work is that of directing the energies of a being God created, "a little lower than himself?so the new version reads?and that he iB at work along with his God. "The teacher's post," says Jo? seph Payne, "in the process of instruction is that of a guide, director, or superin? tendent of the'operation by which the pupil teaches v himself." The teacher must know: the being he has to do with, the laws of his growth, the ways in which he attempts to develop himself, the means which he chooses, and the-results which he gets and which are to him education. ?School Journal. ; Good Words to a Young Man. The following lettor from Henry'Ward Beecher to his son is declared on good authority never to have been published: Brooklyn, N. Y., October 18,1878.? My Dear Herbert: You are" now for the first time really launched into life for yourself. You go from your father's house, and from all family connections, to make your own way in the world. It is a. good time to make a new start, to cast out faults of whose evil you have had an experience, and to take on habits the want of which you have found to be so damaging. t|l. You must not go into debt. Avoid \debt as you would the devil. Make it a fundamental 'rule:" No debt?cash or nothing. 2. Make few promises. Religiously observe even the smallest promise. A man who means to keep his promises cannot afford to make many. - 3. Be scrupulously careful in all State? ments. Accuracy and.perfect frankness, no guesswork. Either nothing or accu? rate truth. ; 4. When working for others Bink your? self out of Bight, seek their interest. Make yourself necessary to those who employ you by industry, infidelity and scrupulous integrity. Selfishness is fatal. , 5. Hold yourself ^responsible, .for \a higher standard thai, anybody else ex? pects of you. Demand more of yourself than anybody else expects of you. Keep your personal standard high. Never ex? cuse youraelf to yourself. Never pity yourself. Be a hard master to yourself, but lenient to everybody else. ' 6. Concentrate your forces on your own proper business; dc not turn off. Be constant, steadfast, persevering. ' 7. The art of making one's fortune is to spend nothing. In this country any in . telligent and industrious young man may become'rich, if he stops.all leaks and is not in a hurry. Do not make haste; be patient. 8. Do not speculate or gamble. You go to a land where everybody is excited and strives to mak"eTmoney, | suddenly, largely and without working for it. They blow soap bubbles. Steady, patient in? dustry is both the surest and the safest way. Greediness and haste are two devils that destroy thousands every year. 9. In regard to Mr. B-, he iB a Southern gentleman ; he is receiving you as a favor to me; do hot let him regret it. 10. I beseech you to correct one fault ?severe speech of others; never speak evil of any man,' no matter what the facts may be. Hasty fault-finding and severe speech of absent people is not honorable, is apt to be unjust and cruel, makes ene? mies to yourself, and is wicked. 11. You must remember that you go to Mr. R. not to learn to manager-farm like his. One or two hundred acres', not forty thousand, is to be your future homestead, butjpu can. learn the care of Rattle, sheep, tne culture of wheat, the climate, country, manners and customs, and a hundred things that will be needful. 12. If by integrity, industry and well earned success you deserve well of your fellow-citizens, they may, in years to come, ask yen to accept honors. Do not seek them, do not receive them while you are young?wait; but when you are established you make your father's name known with honor in halls of legislation. Lastly, do not forget your father's and your mother's God. Because you will be largely deprived of Church privileges, you need all the nerve to keep your heart before God. But do not despise small Churches and humble preachers. "Mind not high things, but condescend to men of low estate." Read often the Proverbs, the precepts and duties enjoined in the New Testa? ment. May your father's God go with you and protect you. Henry Ward Beecher. Starting a Young Man. It is related of a Philadelphia^ who has been dead many years, that a young man came to him one day and asked for help to start in business. ? "Do you drink ?" inquired the million? aire. "Occasionally." "Stop it! stop it for a year and then come and see me." The young man broke off the habit at once, and at the end of a year again pre? sented himself. "Do you smoke?" asked; the great man. "Yes, now and then." . "Stop it! stop it for a year, and then come and see me." The young man went away and cut loose from the habit, and after worrying through another twelve months once more faced the philanthropist. "Do you chew?" "Yes," "Stop it 1 stop it for a year, and then come and Bee me." But the young man never called again. When Borne one asked why he didn't make one more effort he replied: "Didn't I know what he was driving at? He'd have told nie that as I had stopped chewing, drinking and smoking I must have saved enough to start my? self."? Wall Street News. Blotches, pimples, liver patches, G. M. D. right quick dispatches, Drives away incipient tumors, Clears the blood from poisonous hu? mors, Ailing one, whoe'er you be, Try the worth of G. M. D, which is the great Golden Medical Dis? covery of Dr. Pierce?a wonderful tonic and blood purifier. The "Discovery" is a standard remedy for consumption, bron? chitis, colds and lung troubles ; guaran? teed to benefit or cure, if taken iu time, or money refunded.. THURSDAY MOE! BILL ABP. Colonel Mark flardin tells a Stunning Story to Bill Arp. Atlanta Constitution, As iron sharpeneth iron, so a man's face sharpeneth the face of his friend. How it shortens the miles to travel with a companion who has something to talk about, and knows how to talk it. I came with one yesterday from Atlanta. The day was hot and the dust and cinders disagreeable, but the minutes and the miles flew by and I was home before I knew it. The other day I found good company on the train, for it was Mark Hardin, the ancient and modern clerk of the House of Representatives, and I soon got him on the trail of his late travels to the Pacific Cpast and the new State of Washington. A man who has not trav? eled some knows bnt little of what is go ing on in the world. He can't get it by reading history, and there are but few travelers who can tell what they have seen and make it interesting. But Mark can, and I could listen to him all day on a tram. I had been traveling some my? self, and was narrating as how I had been away oat to Kansas City and saw them killing cattle and hogs, and how it seem? ed to me I had gotten almost to the jumping off place, and bo forth, when Mark took off his coat and Bquared him? self for business, and bit off his tobacco and said: "Well, yes; Kansas City does seem a good ways off, and I used to think it was, but not long ago I took a notion to peruse this western hemisphere, and I started out from Atlanta with a friend and by the time we got to Kansas City we had traveled a. thousand miles and felt like we must be half way, and so we stopped over a day aud blowed around aid rested and then took a fresh start for the Pacific. Well, sir, they penned us up in a vestibule train, and took enough provisions aboard to feed an army, and they fastened on the kitchen, and the cooks, and the diniDg room and parlors and reading rooms, and a library and a saloon and everything else but a carriage and horses, and away we went over plains and valleys, and Hills and mountains at thirty-five miles an hour for 1,740 miles, without stopping ten minutes anywhere, and dident stop at all for 500 miles at a stretch." "How about coal and water ?" said I. "Blamed if I know," said Mark. "Might have stopped while we were asleep, but I never saw any. Don't need any more than half the way, nohow, for you just roll and slide down the moun? tains for half a day at a time. You climb and climb higher and higher until you can almost touch the moon and the seven stars, and you can see' all creation down below you, and it makes a man feel like he was nobody, and had no kinsfolks, and it didn't matter a cent whether he lived or died. A trip over the Rockies and the Sierras will take the vanity out of a man quicker than anything I know. There is nothing left for him but to trust his Maker. He feels more helpless than he does on the ocean, for to be drowned is nothing horrible, but for the train to break a wheel or jump the track on a narrow cliff a thousand feet high and the whole concern to go crackiDg and falling to the gulch below is just awful. And there are hundreds of such frightful pre cipicies. Well, when we had got 1,740 miles west of Kansas City they let us out for thirty minutes and it was just glori? ous to get on the ground again and feel the solid earth under your feet, and to my opinion it is the best place?better than water, better than air, better than riding on a train. Of its dust we were made, and in its bosom we must sleep. But as I was teliing you, we. boarded the train again and put on a clean shirt and took a fresh start and rolled away for 1,440 miles more and got to the jumping off place sure enough, and like old Balboa, stood upon a rock and gazed in majestic silence upon the Pacific ocean. If I were Byron or Shakespeare I could tell you about , that, but I'm nobody much since I got back and never expect to be. The world is a heap bigger thing than I thought it. ? Why the fir trees all over Washington are over 300 feet high, and you have to j take two sights to see to the top, and I ! saw a measured acre that had been sold j to a sawmill and the timber cut off, and : I counted twenty-seven stumps, and the I smallest was eight and a half feet in di | ameter, and the mill cut up one of the trees into shingles while I was looking at them, and that one tree turned out 80,000 shingles and left a hundred feet of the top for laths and firewood. And that's the j truth if ever I told it, and one day some j of ub went out in the edge of the timber j to shoot some deer and the whole face of the earth was covered with ferns?ferns as thick on the ground as the palmetto in Florida, and it was from 6 to 12 feet high, and we came across a big tree that had been blown down and the deer were said to be just over the other side and I tip? toed up by the side of the tree to put my gun on it and I pushed it as far as I could and then tried to climb up on the crevi? ces in the bark, but they shelved down the wrong way, and my shoes had got slick and I couldent make it and couldn't reach my gun any more and had to come off and leave it. I went back next morn? ing with a boy and put him on my shoul? der and he reached and got the gun. I wish you could see that fern. It is in a belt about ten vailes wide and 100 miles long across the country, and so impene? trable that a bear can't get through it, but there are paths through it every few miles apart?narrow paths that have been there for a thousand years, they say, and were made by the wild beasts and the bears aud the .panthers and mountain lious and the wild hogs, and the deers all use them and the settlers told me that the animals all understood these paths to be common property and neutral ground, and never showed fight in them, but if a deer was going and a bear was comiDg, and they met in a path the bear squatted down and the deer jumped over him. That is what the old settlers told me." And Mark bit off some more tobacco. "I believe it," said I, "lor I remember that Colonel Patton, of the United States Army, told me that his command was stationed one long, dry summer in the hill country south of Utah, and every water course dried up, and evey lake and pool except one, and his command had to FING, AUGUST 6, 1 go to that and camp and stay all the fall, and for a radius of a huudred miles the wild beasts came by night for water, and the bears and wolves and panthers and deer and prairie dogs would drink to? gether and there wasent a growl nor a fight, for you see they were all beset by a common danger, and understood it and raised a flag of truce around the water, and Oolonel Fatton said that his men all partook of the same feeling, and never raised a gun to shoot, notwithstanding they were nearly starved for fresh meat. And that is what the poet alluded to when he wrote 'A touch of nature makes the whole world kin.' Go on, Mark." "Well, as I was saying, you never heard of such a climate as they have on the eastern slope of Washington. The boya don't wear shoes the year round, and if it wasn't for the fogs it would be a splendid country to live in. The fogs don't rise until 10 o'clock in the morning, and sometimes they are so thick that you can move it around with a broom and sweep it out of the house. It's like a cob web, and you can wrap it around with a stick or a broom and carry it out. I nev? er saw them do it, but that's what they told me. You can't raise corn there, but wheat and pattfand vegetables just grow immense. I saw Irish potatoes fifteen inches long, and as big as my leg. Half a potato is enough for a moderate sized family. They slice them crossways like we do for Saratoga chips, only the chips are half an inch thick and as big as sau? cers. Everything growB big out there but the people. I never saw as many lit? tle, scrawny, screwed-un people in myjlife. They are most all foraigners?low Dutah, Poles, Italians, Swiss, Swedes, Irish, Chinese and every other sort, and not one in ten can speak the English language. They can't call for a light to match a pipe with, but they have to make signs for everything." About this time our train received a shock and put on the brakes and stopped, and we all got out to see what was the matter, and found that we had run into two mules and a double seated buggy, and two negroes and a white man and seven jugs of whiskey. One negro and one mule were killed and the others bad? ly broken up. Nothing of the buggy could be found except the tires. It was close into town, and the people all came running. The wounded were soon cared for and the train went on. Such is life and such is death when men are coming from a stillhonse loaded down inside and outside with whiskey and try tp beat a railroad at a crossing. The next thing will be three or four lawsuits for damages, I reckon, for a rail? road is an institution to be picked at and pursued, right or wrong. They are our greatest benefactors and civilizers, and not one in five makes any money for the stockholders, but the liberty of a ten dollar cow is of more importance than the lives of passengers or the wreck of an engine. I was cn the train one night when a wandering bull threw our train from the track and the engine down a bank and we bad to stay there until morning, and a thousand dollars would not pay the damages, but the owner of the bull got his pay all the same, and to my mind it is all wrong and I would stop it if I could. A railroad company may be just as careful as human foresight can be, but if a man is killed the juries go for them to the tune of five or ten thous? and dollars. Just let a wreck be heard of and an Atlanta lawyer will take the first train to the spot and hunt round for a fee like a buzzard Bails round for a car? cass. I wonder how mean it iB possible for a man to get and still hold up his head and pretend he is a gentleman. _ Bill Abp. The Wedgefield Alliance Surrenders its Charter. Wedgefield, S. C, July 27.?At the regular meeting of the Wedgefield Sub Alliance Saturday afternoon it was unan? imously resolved to disband and return the charter. Their reasons for taking this step are not secret, and a prominent member of the Alliance said: "The entry of the Alliance into poli? tics having seemingly destroyed all in? terest in the prime objects of the organi? zation, and the recent actions of the County and State Alliances having* shown that all who will not follow the behests of coat-tail politicians and swal? low the visionary sub treasury bill in toto are to be held as no longer loyal Alliancemen or worthy of consideration in the councils of the order, the Wedge? field Sub-Alliance is much displeased at this prostitution of the organization, which is still worthy of great veneration in its true conception, and has decided that rather than be compelled to give up their manhood and the inalienable right to think and vote as the members choose, they will leave the organization to the fate which is yawning to receive it, if its present policy and leaders are followed." There was no opposition whatever to this course. This Alliance never has made a man's political faith the criterion by which his loyalty was to be judged and to have such a criterion thrust upon it is more than our farmers will stand.? Special to the State. How's This? We offer one hundred dollars for any case of catarrh that cannot be cured by Hall's Catarrh Cure. F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, Ohio. We, the undersigned, have known F. J. Cheney for the last 15 years and be? lieve him perfectly honorable in all bus? iness transactions, and financially able to carry out any obligations made by their firm. West & Truax, Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, 0. Walding, Kinnan & MARvrN, Whole? sale Druggists, Toledo, 0. Hall's Catarrh Cure is taken internal? ly, acting directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. Testi? monials sent free. Price 75 cents per bottle. Sold by all Druggists. ? The people of the United StateB drink seventy million dollars' wortb of coffee a year. They also drink 80,000, 000 gallons of whisky a year. With a few other stimulants thrown in they ap? pear to be consuming their full share. 891. Where Marriage Is Failing. For several years statements have appeared in the newspapers to the effect that marriages were fewer in England than there had ever been before, and that the birth rate had fallen off. It was said that not only were there fewer marriages, bat those existing were less fruitful. The supposition is now shown to be true. The census taken in April shows that the population of England and Wales has increased in the past de? cade from 26,000,000 to 29,000,000, but this is nearly a million less than the in? crease would have been according to the ratio in previous decades, and the stu? dents of social science are exerting them? selves to find the cause for the falling off. The increase is 11.54 per cent, or less than that during any decade of the cen? tury, and nearly 3 per cent less than that between 1871 and 1881. The explanation of the falling off, says the New York Sun, is a marked decline in the rate of natural increase during the last seven or eight years more especially. This has been doe in great part to a notable redaction in the marriage rate, a very significant decline, which may well provoke grave misgivings as to the future and as to the moral outlook for the com? munity. The number of the married, as compared with 1,000 living, was at the rate of 15.4 in 1883. In 1889 it had fallen to 14.7. Even the rate at the be? ginning of the decade was low by the Bide of the average for the ten years im? mediately preceding. Moreover, the ten? dency has been downward since 1873, when the rate was 17.6. Meantime, of course, the birth rate has been growing less, decreasing from 36.3 in 1876 to 29.7 in 1890. This is a very great, almost a startling, decline, and during the last few years it has been continuous. Though the death rate was lower last year than in any year prior to 1881, the natural increase of the popula? tion by the excess of births over deaths was only 308,267 in 1890, as against an average increase of 366,013 in the pre? ceding five years. Hence it would seem that not only is marriage decreasing proportionately, bat marriages also are becoming less prolific on the average. Malthusian doctrines have been preached by radical counsel? lors of the poor and by some socialists, and they appear to have had a perceptible effect on a country so distinguished in the past for its high birth rate. People are taught to look on large, families as an evil, and the old English saying that there is a loaf of bread ready for every new mouth is disputed as contrary to experience. Pessimism proclaims that to introduce children into the world is to condemn them to unavoidable suffering, and selfish prudence is encouraged to avoid the burden of many progeny. The same tendency is observable in this country, but hero it seems to pievail rather among the rich and well to-do, the educated and the refined, than among the poor and the uncultivated. English travelers have long made the smallness of American families a charge against our civilization, and they have assailed the morality of France for a like reason; but this last census indicates that they have the same evil to deal with at home. Marriage is decreasing in England, and the birth rate is falling off even more. Once begun, too, this decline is likely to continue, and it may grow to be very serious, as it is in France. Already it has overthrown the estimates and calcu? lations of the statisticians of population, at a time, too, when the prosperity of the kingdom has been fully up to the average, unless it be as to the classes dependent on agricultural production. The Sun closes by expressing the opin? ion that there may be a falling off in the birth rate in this country, "as the same causes are in operation." Now what are these causes? Evidently the doctrine of Malthas, that the world was in great danger of being overcrowded with in? habitants, is having some influence on the masses of the English people, but when a third of the people of oar country live in towns and cities, whose total area is an infinitessimal part of our immense domain, the danger of overcrowding the world seems very remote indeed. Is it not rather a result of over crowding that marriage has become unpopular, and is not this overcrowding also the cause of the moral and physical degen? eration of the people which refuses, not only the number, but the strength of posterity ? The moral and physical decay that results from overcrowding is too obvious, and multitudinous causes too well under? stood to need remark, but there is a curious fact in this connection which is worthy of note. Io the country boys make a majori\j of the children born; in the cities girls are the most numerous. No one has been able to account for it, but the fact is everywhere apparent. Man's part in life is the production of everything needed for the maintenance of the world. When the proportion of men is reduced and the strength of those diminished, those who remain are more reluctant to assume the burdens and the responsibilities of married life. Added to this is the crushiug weight of social conditions which intensifies the struggle for existence in the cities. A penniless man in a great city, even though he may have the strength of the strongest yeo? man of the country, has a hard struggle before him. Handicap him with the hereditary weaknesses that result from overcrowding aud he is still worse hand? icapped. These are conditions which make against marriage among the poor, and tend to render it less fruitful. Among the well-to-do there are other causes less potent. The constant up? heavals of social scandal, the continual eruption of conjugal infelicity has turned some people against an institution which iB the chief bulwark of civilization and the foundation of the home. The spec? tacle presented in England several years ago, at the time of the revelations of the Pall Mall Gazette, recalls the famous lines Virgil in describing a volcano, "ructans viscera cum gemitu." All civ? ilization groaned at that exhibition of its decaying vitals. It is no wonder that there followedja flood of cynical litera? ture, the crystalization of which ap? peared in the startling question: "Is marriage a failure?" There are times VOLUM when an emetic i'b the most efficient means of removing poison, and it may be that the sickening discussion which followed Mrs. Caurd's article was not given the world in vain. It may cause society to spew out that profligate, licentious class of wealthy idlers who add nothing to production, but operate insidiously and constantly to undermine the fabric of society. Learn by Experience* To the Editor of the News and Courier: All things considered this has been the most unfavorable year for farmers that I have ever known but one, this because it was too wet, that because it was too dry. It was so wet in the spring that the land was'ploughed too net or not at all, so that nearly all the corn in this section was planted on thin land poorly prepared, but notwithstanding this it is looking tolerably well. Not so with the cotton. While cotton can bear poorer preparation than corn, and more neglect after plant? ing, yet it cannot contend with the grass as well as corn. The grass came up with the cotton and the land was too wet to plough, so that the grass got such a start that the hoes made slow progress, so the cotton was set back in its growth and a great deal of it is small and unpromising. Where it wen hoed out in time and kept clean it looks well. I hope our people may learn a lesson from their misfortunes. They planted too much; they should plant less and pre? pare and work it better, and, I am confi? dent, more would be made. Most of the upland in this section is thin, but if properly prepared, fertilized and cultiva? ted a failure is the exception, but to expect good corn without complying with these conditions is folly. Slipshod work never pays in anything, much less in farming, as I fear many crops will de? monstrate next fall. We pay too little attention to the smaller crops, such as sweet and Irish potatoes, pindars and turnips. Turnips are almost entirely neglected, so that most farmers think it lost time to cu 1 ti vate them, when the truth is that we cul? tivate no crop that pays better for the work and expense bestowed on them. They come in at a leisure time, between laying-by and gathering time, when labor is cheap, and without such work the time would often be spent in idleness. Few know their value iu helping out a short crop. My second year on a farm was what iB known as the, dry year 1845, (a good while ago,) and I am satisfied I saved my cattle and hogs with turnips. I had no other stock then, and since then I have had great respect for the turnip. To grow them successfully the land must be rich or well manured. If you have no place set apart for them select apiece of stubble or some such land, plough and harrow and plough again, until you get the land in fine condition, manure well, lay off your rows two and a half feet wide, with shovel, so that the seed may get in a little below the surface. I mean to avoid a Bide, then bow about a pound of seed to the acre and cover very lightly, either by dragging a hoe or light brush along the furrow; when well up they should be carefully thinned, leaving one every foot; then plough and in a short time plough again and your crop is made. About the first of December they should be taken up, tops cut off and banked for conven? ient use, and you will not regret growing them. J. Washington Watts. A Wild Scheme. Washington, D. C, July 26.?W. R. Vaughn, of Omaha, Neb., formerly .may? or of Council Bluffs, Iowa, and a man of independent fortune, according to his own statement, made an address to-night to a large assemblage of colored people in the Metropolitan Colored Methodist church, in which he proposed that the negroes demand of the government pen? sions for all ex slaves. Mr. Vaughn is the author of a bill which was introduced in congress at the last session making provision for carrying out this proposition, but as very few people had ever heard of the bill, it was with, evident surprise that his audience listened to his re? marks. Mr. Vaughn said that as the ne? groes had been held in bondage in this country, and bad added materially to its wealth by their labor, without receiving in return any compensation, the country neccessarily owed them a debt. He was in favor of paying this debt by issuing four hundred millions of dollars in bonds to run fifty years, and drawing interest at the rate of two and a half per cent, a year. This sum, he said, would enable the government to place upon the pension rolls every negro that had been a slave. He argued that this scheme would Bettle forever the race question, inasmuch as it would do more to put the negroes on an equal footing with the white people than any amount of education. It would also have the effect of building up the South, because most of the money would go into that section. Mr. Vaughn assured his hearers that if they aided him by using their votes intelligently there would be little doubt of securing the pas? sage of a bill giving them the money they desire. He said he had already corresponded with senators, representa? tives and other prominent men on the subject, and he read letters from Senator Cullom, Peter Studebaker and others i showing that they indorsed the proposi? tion. He had also written to President Harrison, but Mr. Harrison bad replied that he did not have time to contribute to the discussion. He held that the ne? groes should sever their connections with every party except the one that give them their rights in the way of pensions, and urged them all to become agitators in order to accomplish the object in view. During the course of his address he was frequently applauded.?Baltimore Sun. Bncklen's Arnica Salve The best salve in the world for Cuts, Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Salt Eheum, Fe? ver Sores, Tetter, Chapped Hands, Chil? blains,. Corns, and all Skin Eruptions, and positively cures Piles, or no pay required. It is guaranteed to give per? fect satisfaction, or money refunded. Price 25 cents per box. For sale by Hill Bros. ? The fruit products of the United Sjfttes exceed $180,000,000 annually. E XXVI.?NO. 5. All Sorts of Paragraphs, ? Thero are thirteen thousand different kinds of postage stamps in the world. ? There has been a steady rise in the average age at which men and women marry ever since 1873. ? A harness that looks luminous in the dark has been invented. It is intend* ed to prevent collissions at night. ? The first dictionary was compiled by Pa-out-she, a learned Chinaman, who lived in the year" 1,100 B. C. ? A colored man near Cochran, Ga., has six fingers on each hand, and three of his fonr eons are said to poesesss the same number. ? If the pension list is a genuine one the United States had seventeen million soldiers in its army, and they all had large families. ? Beligious life needs culture. Nour? ish it by the study of the Bible, by pray? er, and by the faithful performance of Christian duty. ? An Indiana man suicided because he was too fat. The world, the flesh and the devil met together, and the devil carried the day. ? The man who lets his wife split all the wood may mean well, but he shouldn't be allowed to do all the talk? ing at prayer meeting. ? A grain of fine sand would cover 100 of the minute scales of the human skin, and yet each of these scales in turn covers from 300 to 500 pores. ? The Prince of Wales' life is insured for $800,000. The astonishment is that any reputable company should insure the life of such a disreputable character. ? Chicago has underground and suc? cessfully working 404 miles of electric light cables, 606 miles of telegraph wires, and 6,080 miles of telephone wires and cable. ? New York and Brooklyn together have a bonded indebtedness of nearly $150,000. New York pays nearly $4, 000,000 annually in the way of interest on the debt. ? A calico printing machine has been invented in this country, the novelty, of which is that the cloth may be printed on one side in eight colors, or on both sides with four colors each. ? The life insurance carried by John Wanamaker amounts to $1,000,000, which is distributed in twenty-nine dif? ferent companies. The premiums -on these policies amount to $60,000 a year. ? Ordinary methods of taking a bri? dal tour are altogether too slow for a Chicago couple. They are wheeling it to New York on bicycles. They are starting life at rather too fast a gait to be happy. ? Some almanac makers say the "dog day" period extends from July .3 to Aug. 11, while others insist that it does not begin till July 24 and thereafter lasts one month. Every almanac maker, no doubt, should have his date since every dog has his day. ? The Japanese language is said to contain 60,000 words, every one of which requires a different symbol. It is quite . impossible for one to learn the entire language, and a well educated Japanese is familiar with only about 10,000 words. ? The various forms of leave-taking $ have a more special -significance than is generally awarded to them. "Adieu" Big* signifies "To God I commend you." "Good-by" is a contraction of "God be with you," while "Farewell" means "Be happy," or more literally, "May you jour? ney well." ? Miss Anna Williams, the girl whose classic profile is reproduced on the sil? ver dollar, is still a Philadelphia teacher, as she was when her features attracted the attention of the mint engraver. She now teaches kindergarten philosophy in the Girls' Normal School in the Qua? ker City. ? "Ob, I understand, miss," said the lawyer, "this man has been guilty cf breaches of promises, made to you and accepted by you in good faith." "Yes, sir, but?but," and she blushed fearfully, "couldn't you, in court, call it trousers of promises?it would be more delicate, don't you think?" ? An exchange tells how a girl's taste differs according to her age. "At sixteen she wants a dndewith tooth-pick shoes and a microscopic mustache ; at twenty a chief justice with piles of tin ; at twen? ty-five she will be satisfied with a mem? ber of congress; at thirty, a country doctor or a preacher will do; at thirty five, anything that wears pants from an editor up. ? At Grafton, 111., three brothers named Murphy, a man named Donahne, and one or two others, all substantial farmers and neighbors, after filling themselves with liquor, purchased a wa? termelon, and sat down behind a saloon to eat it. They quarreled over its appor? tionment, and used their knives on each other until six men were badly cut, and one of the.Murphy brothers was fatally stabbed. ? A singular discovery is reported to have been made in Edwards County, Tex j It is known as the "Devil's Sink Hole/'' Recently it was partially explored. One - man was let down by a rope 150 feet. Here he found a ledge and a passageway leading from it seven feet high, wide enough for three men abreast, and run? ning at a steep incline downward. He followed it three hundred feet and came to an immense lake of water, ice coldj He had no means of determining its ex- ~~ tent, but a stone hurled with all hia force splashed in the water fully seventy yards away. The bank of the lake was coveftdL ^ with pieces of rock, looking as though they had been blasted. Some were bronght to the surface and assayed about thirty ounces of silver to the ton. All that region is rich in silver indications, and it is supposed the mysterious cavern is an abandoned Spanish mine and has other exits and entrances. Tourists, Whether on pleasure bent or busincEB, should take on every trip a bottle of Syrup of Figs, as it acts most pleasantly and effectually on the kidneys, liver and bowels, preventing fevers, headache an?T-"^ other forms of sickness. For sale in 50c. and $1.00 bottles by all leading drug?^