Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Sl^^tSD^afFSBr TBUBSDAY. Oli?^??LES, 7 EDITORS AND ^jLAKGSTON, } Pbopbueiods, ? THTJESDAY, JAK. 23, 1R90. ? TERMS s __'.; 81.50. ?\:-:rXMOHISS??^._75c. jiL's.rxcoNsisTBNcnr. another column we publish an in If^e^^ith^; Russell, written in' ..Washington and publishedin thePhila p-^eupfea; iV??. ;The sentiment and ex? pressions of W.; W. Russell in this inter? view/ are. very different from what be lias [Baid to different citizens of this County, i c^veriation with ?ome of bur citizens' .Russell said that he and the white publicans did not have any more use ie negro than "the Democrats had ; the;negro~ was intended and only I to be "hewere; of wood and drawers ^?ater." :? These iure his expressions to 5 white'people. But how different is *^r^?ct toward the negro, and his era :.expressions concerning him. 'From the close nightly consultations held ffsSell'In this city, with negroes from and. other Counties, it would seem {that he is trying either to deceive them ^-ffiavwiite'people. The most probable pi?&g^a;thai: he is trying to make a '-"cat's 0j$j$?6i the colored people to gel; himself . iiom. the Greenback into the Republican r^party^ ^wher^ expects to hold office. ^He.;Ie%&ftD.emocratic ranks because he ^jafle?jto get office, and then meeting the '?:'v. same fate in Greenbackism, he is endea goring become ? a Republican. He is ^?fl?mtent^with being Postmaster at |Ma^ph,'hut now aspires for Congres vsioh^irohdrs. He is not for the negro, ^ he-says to the white people, but he mti the negro to help him.- It is well r both white and colored people to watch mau who talks one way to one class, $jand then says something quite different to the other class.r He said in a conversa? tion with: a Coun ty official not long since, >that"he .already, had a majority of the .yoie3 of Pickens County pledged to him, ?^and (hat he would get a larger vote in IfO'cbhee than in Pickens. We would like ^?'.hear from the Pickens and Oconee ?^papers as to. the truth of these declara' :,tion3. ' It is not believed that he would jl^tHhe^votei of a single reputable white ?l^msji'in Anderson County, and, so far as ? -wefcan. learn, he will not get many of M^the'colored votes. He may -fool the |^|^ittiefn< Republicans, but we don't l^1beI|^e:he;cau.fool. the Southern colored i,l?;man.^vTha:?>lored people want him first ^t^V^bring^forth fruits meet" for his ^dian^ei'--'!.Hi3'. waj^of dealing with the :J\v|coIpred people is so like the turkey and ^^nz?roi'tory': -"FU take the turkey and. :vou}maytake the buzzard, or you may ytaketh'e buzzard and I'll take the turkey." ^So ?he'ssays to the colored people, Fll take the offices and you can help me get ^em; or you can help me get them and ;;I11;take the office.*." it would look a ^little better for this new convert to have said to some of those who have been .".Republicans for yeara. Now let me help you get into a good place. But no, he :s&y&-you help me. What has he" ever done, or offered to do, for the colored or ^-.any Mother people, that did not have, ?StoBrdirec?y or indirectly, a motive? -iwhich'was to work his own gain? How .Wailier RusSeircan come back to Ander j^iohjand loot the whit? people in the face is hard to understand. ' But a man with |i?mach self-conceit as he has can im? agine all men, everywhere, charmed and ? delighted wiih himself, while they de it; .apise him and hold him in contempt. ? There is no doubt about Mr. Russell ^finding much inore pleasure in the pur ^SBut ;of;the office of Congressman than in its ;pbssession, and now is the best i?nt&fbr him to laugh. We deny that W. W. Russell has ever c;dohp anything to secure justice to colored ^men.; N ' ' * f^^tjjs very noticeable that Russell does -.not say that ho is a Republican, but that he is a "form 3r Democrat, though now ^]^ih^wi??e.?^ubUc?euJ, He is only "acting with the Republicans," and when ?they fail- to-give him a good place, he fXjwiltf--if he'does as he has done hereto ^f?rer-le?ve the Republicans and "act" . ith some other party. do not believe that Walker Russell &%erbad his life threatened on account ' of his political affiliations, and especially on-account of his endeavors (?) to lift the ^ colored;people out of political slavery. "If Congress does Us duty /" iL will re ' ? -fns<? to confirm the nomination of W. W. "\ li.un?eli as Pos tmaster at Anderson. Russell's remarks concerning Cothran's ^withdrawal of his resignation reminds us pb^ths gnat and brill story. A gnat light " ^ug'on .a bull's horn, remarked to the ff?-.:"I?1 : am: too heavy I'll move." .Tie bull replied,- - '1 did not know you werethore." ?:-:~The phosphate returns for the last four uionfhs f.how 85,088 tons removed ffim: river b3ds. The State's royalty ; from the phosphate companies is one dollar per ton. ^The Augusta Chronicle says: Walker ?v Blaine's successor is likely to be William Henry Trescot of South Carolina, who lias' been Secretary Blaine's unoffi . cial adviser under both hin administra tions. A dispatch from Little Rock says the negro exodus to Arkansas is arousing some feeling. The State preEs generally -and a. majority of citizens- condemn it. The planters who employ negroes on their plantations defend the movement on the ground that the present force of laborers ja insufficient to cultivate the cotton crop or open new land. From this date till April next 5,000 negroes are expected to settle in the State. [^j^AYreport from Atlanta says there is a ^lively sensation in the Georgia Fanners' ^Alliance Exchange. Some of the offi? cers are rushing in their resignations . Itis charged that some of them had a big speculation on foot to buy provisions "cheap,.and supply their friends at ad? vanced prices. The Alliance has a mem? bership of more than 100,000. It is said the most criminating evidence has been found. The only colored man in Congress is from ihe Second North Carolina dis ^ trict, and a good many colored ? people are leaving, that district. Hehas become alarmed, and it is said that he will turn his back upon congrees for awhile, and stunip the-district against emigration. ^^^:Last fall be received Ies3 than 700 ma ^4^jpnty/ and he realizes that if-the emigra .fibiicis not stopped, his congressional ca rier will be al; an end pretty soon. The New York Sun has been inter? viewing business cien throughout the country on the outlook for 1890. The verdict is almost unanimous that it will be one of the greatest perhaps the great? est business year the country has known. In the ocean carrying trade, freight Bhips are crowded to'their utmost capacity, and everything that can' convey grain across the sea is engaged ahead till February. For the first time since 1882 freight steamers have all the cargo they want. Agricultural products in the twelve Southern States amounted last year to ?946,824,500. It ia a gain of 54.7 per cent, since 1880. This represents a still greater gain than appears, for prices ranged lower than they did in 1880. When to this agricultural improvement we add the progress in mineral develop? ment "made by the South Bincel880, the sum total shews a gain unprecedented even'in America. To both these must still be added the vast development of Southern manufactures as well. The Charlotte Chronicle of Saturday says: Some of the negroes who left South Carolina some time ago and went to Arkansas, are -returning already. They say that Arkansas is not what it is represented to be by the emigration agents. They Bay also that many more would return if they were able. Bail road men who came in on the C. C. & A. yesterday evening said that they had'' negro passengers on the lower end of the road, returning from Arkansas, and on this side of Columbia, S. C, they took on negro passengers starting to Arkansas. The plans for N getting the surplus of colored people out of the South are so numerous that it is rather difficult to keep track of them. Here is one, how? ever, suggested by the Philadelphia Enquirer, that is likely to be remember? ed, because of its originality, even if it should not be adopted. The Enquirer says: "There is one direction by which the surplus colored population of the South might bo diverted elsewhere to the advantage, of the South, the blacks and the North.: In the Middle and New England cities and towns there is a great scarcity of household labor, and in the country a similar scarcity of farm labor. The South is overrun with swarms of worthless household servants. If schools were established for making these effi? cient cooks, chambermaids and nurses, the North would take the entire supply. Gradually they would be followed by their male relations." The Washington correspondent of the Newa and Courier, writing under date of January 17, says : "Russell has a hard road to travel before he can reach, the postoffice at Anderson Court House. Senator Hampton and Judge Cothran have joined forces for the purpose of .defeating his confirmation. The Presi? dent told Senator Hampton a few days ago that he would like to see what objection the people of An? derson wonld urge -against the ap? pointment of Russell. He probably did not know how easy it would be for the Senator to grant that request; for a few days afterwards Gen. Hampton had in his possession a large number of letters from the leading people of Anderson protesting in most vigorous terms against Russell's selection. These letters have been shown to the President, and now they will be turned over to the postoffice committee to sustain all that Senator Hamption has said on this subject. Several Republican members of the committee have consulted Senator Hamp? ton and Judge Cothran about Russell, and the indications are that his confirma? tion will be defeated or delayed as long as possible. Senator Hampton does not often make a fight on Republican nomi? nees, simply because they differ with him politically, but in this case he feels that he is simply doing his duty to the people of Anderson by trying to prevent the appointment of a man who appears to be bo unpopular with the patrons of the office." An Incident in Srady's Life. Little things show character, bo the philosophers say. Then the following story of Gradv, told by himself to a friend, and preserved in the Atlanta Constitution, proves that the strong man had a child's heart.* He visited his mother on Christ? mas a year ago, and he says: I don't think I ever felt happier thau when I reached the little home of my boyhood. I got there at night. She had saved supper for me and she had remem? bered all the things I liked. She toasted me some cheese over the fire. Why, I hadn't tasted anything like it since I put off my round jackets. And then she had some homemade candy she knew I used to love, and, bless her heart! I just felt sixteen again as we sat and talked, and she told me how she prayed for me and thought of me always and what a bright? ness I had been to her life, and how she heard me coming home in every boy that whistled along the street. When I went to bed she came and tucked the cover all around me in the dear old way that none but a mother's hands know, and I felt so happy and so peaceful and so full of ten? der love and tender memories that I cried happy, grateful tears until I went to sleep. When he had finished, says the narrator, his eyes were full of tears, and so were mine. He brushed his hand across his brow Bwiftly and said, laughingly: "Why, what are you crying about ? What do you know about all this sort of feeling ?" Grady was a real man, and in the present crisis his wise counsels will be greatly missed._ A Novel Emigrant Outfit. There was a novel sight at the Air Line depot Sunday. The freight train which was side-tracked in che yard during the day was visited by numbers of people. One of the cars contained an old lady who was traveling from West Point, Mississippi, to Federalsburg, Maryland, with a general collection of domestic animals and house hold furniture. She was interviewed by a Chronicle reporter, j and found to be a very intelligent En? glish lady. Her property consisted or a horse, three cows and two calves, turkeys, geese, 125 chickens, two canary birds, and 1 a lot of furniture. She said that she bad everything along needed in an English lady's home. She said that she had been living in Mississippi for two years, bei eg driven away by the chills. Her husband, Bhe said, is a very old man and afflicted I with rheumatism, had gone on ahead in a passenger car. She said that they had left a large farm in Mississippi but had purchased a house at Federalsburg, and that they would have nothing to do but nnload when they reached their destina? tion. She gave as her reason for under? taking the trip, that no one could be secured who would look after her stock and poultry as carefully as herself. She said that she milked her cows every day and fed and watered all her pets. Seven days will be required to make the trip, and she said that when she arrives, she will so completely cover the new 150 acre farm with stock and poultry that the old man will not have room for a garden.? Charlotte Chronicle. ? An Atlanta syndicate has purchased 800 acres of land fifteen miles from Macon, Ga,, and will .set out a big peach orchard ana establish a canning factory. The enterprise is bricked by ample -capi? tal for all needed improvements, WALKER RUSSELL'S ASTOKISBING DISCOVERY. Judge Cothrun's Kesignutiou W?lidrawi) t'or Fear of Republican Primarien. From the Philadelimia Press. Washington, Jan. 12.?Tbe condition of the colored men in tbe South,' and what should be done to secure to them their civil and political rights, is certain to occupy a great deal of time in debate in the present Congress. Already Senator Morgan, of Alabama, has delivered a long speech in support of the preposterous proposition to deport tbe colored people to Africa. Other Senators on the same Bide of the chamber are pre? paring speeches on the question, and when the contested election cases come up in the House, and the proposed Fede? ral election law and the Blair educational bill are discussed in both Senate and House, the entire subject will be gone over at length. the southern massacre. The increasing friction between the two races, as shown in the tecent massacre in South Carolina, and elsewhere, is largely due . to the belief on the part of the Democrats that this Congress intends to legislate to secure fair elections. The probability of such legislation angers them and this takes the form among tbe whites in some parts of the South of increased hatred and persecution of the blacks. At least, that is the explanation given by some fair-minded Democrats from the South, who, however, do not admit in public that the elections are not honest now. Mr. W. W. Russell, of Anderson, S. C, who is a native Southerner and a proper? ty owner and who served through , the war in the Confederate army, has taken a prominent part in. trying to secure justice to the colored men. the south carolina farce. He is now in this city and he gives some interesting facts about South Caro? lina elections and furnishes an explana? tion of Mr. Cothran's singular action a short time ago in resigning his seat in the House from the 3rd district of South Carolina and then withdrawing the resig? nation. Mr. Russell said: "That the South Carolina_elections are a farce goes without Baying. The whole election machinery, commissioners of election, managers, clerks, etc., with the exception of Georgetown County, are in the;hands of the Democrats. The Gover? nor was asked before the last election, by the Representatives of' the 150,000 Republican voters, to allow at least one Republican official at each voting pre? cinct, a very modest request, considering that in Northern Republican States, the election of officers are evenly divided between the two parties. The Governor denied this request, Baying that it would serve no good purpose and would endan? ger a peaceful election. In our State, as in Mississippi, a peaceful election is only possible when the Democrats are allowed to have their own way, as they did in tbe municipal election in Jackson the other day. "But a system that puts all the power in the hands of a few men naturally leads to ring rule. The entire vote of South Carolina, with its seven .Representatives in the House, is less than that cast in one or two districts-in the North. This ring that controls the State has so demoralized its prosperity that the assessed valuation of property has been reduced from $190, 000,000 to $145,000,000. The farmers and others have been growing restive and discontented. - The power the ring held to cheat Republicans, was also used to cheat Democrats, and it was evident that something must be done or a political revolution would take place. primary election laws. "The State officers and members of Congress are all chosen at the Democratic primaries. If these were made fair the discontent in tbe Democratic ranks would it was thought, be stayed. Hence at its last session the Legislature passed a strin? gent primary election law. No registra? tion certificates are required at a primary election, as the law providing for regis? tration certificates was merely designed to prevent colored meu from voting. A primary election law . could not be well made for one party alone, and this is where the Democrats made their mistake, as they found out when Judge Cothran recently resigned bissest in Congress. I. live in tbe same district, and as a former Democrat, though now acting with the Republicans, I am known to pretty much everybody in tbe district. As Boon as Mr. Cothran's resignation was announced, I gave out that! should be a candidate at tbe Republican primaries for the nomi? nation for Congress. Under this new primary election law we were pretty sure to get out a full Republican vote at our primaries. Tha Democrats had not thought of that before. It was going to be very inconvenient for them, to say the least, at a time when a Federal election law was talked of, for the Republicans to poll a full vote at their primaries, under a stringent State law, and then to have that vote nearly all suppressed at the regular election, a few days later. Tbey saw at once the effect this would have on the debate in Congress, hence Judge Cothran was implored to withdraw his resignation, which he did.' That explains his sndden change of mind." senator morgan's scheme. "What do you think of Senator Mor? gan's deportation scheme ?" ? "Oh, it is nonsense. It is meant for Northern consumption. Why, the people of the South would not let tbe colored men go. Agents who have been working up therexodDB movement have been noti? fied to leave town at once or take the consequences, and that, any one knows, is death. The colored men are a necessi? ty to the South. But they are kept in political slavery, and it is a terrible struggle for any one to try and lift them out of it. 1 have had my life threatened more than once. But now is the time to do something. If this Congress does its duty we shall see a different condition of things in the South. The colored men do not want to rule, but tbpy want to be treated as men; not as slaves or animals to be hunted, whipped and murdered at will." _ Liberty or'Death. Columbia, S. C., Jan. 18.?Two white convicts, Richard Gardener and W. S. Jackson, made a dash for liberty while at work on the canal to-day. Jackson escaped. Gardener fell with a butlet through his body. Gardener was a not ed horse thief and kidnapped many a piece of stock in North Carolina and sold them in Lexington County, just across the bridge from Columbia. ? His exploits with horses in this vicinity a year ago have been reported in the News. He was convicted of stealing ahorse in Lan? caster and sentenced last March to ten years. . Jackson was serving an eight year term for riot and assault with intent to kill. He is from Chesterfield, and is still at large.?Dispatch to Grecnviiie: News. A Munificent Gift to the Baptists. Chicago, January 19.?It was an? nounced this evening that Mr. Marshall Field has supplied a site for the pro? posed new Baptist University by donat? ing ten acres of laud valued at $100,000. Mr. Field's gift fills the last of the re? quirements of tbe originator of the Uni? versity project, J. R. Rockfeller, the oil king. Mr. Rockfeller gave $600,000 to found the University on condition that $400,000 more should be raised, and that none of the total of ?1.000,000 should be used for the purpose of a site. The value of Mr. Field s lands, together with the money already raised, more than com? pletes the million. It is intended, how? ever, to consider it as no part of the sum, but to complete tbe round amount re? gardless of the Field donation. ? There are fifty manufactories of imitation butter in Germany, A factory in Mannheim produces daily 6,000 pounds from a preparation of cocoanuts. ? Mr. H. J. Wallace of this County has bought nothing in theprovisiqn line, except coffee and salt, and a little corn about five years ago, in about twenty five years. He makes all his provisions at home and raises cotton only as a surplus. He and his boys all wear home-made clothes, and they can always pay cash /or what they get.?Lancost. r Ledger. TUE NEGROES OP GREENYILLE, An Address to the Colored I'ooplo or Upper Carolina. From (he Greenville News. A meeting of tbe colored citizens of Greenville was held in this city Monday night, January 13, 1S?0. Speeches were made by various leading citizens of the race, A committee of ten was appointed to publish the following address: "To our Negro Fellow-citizens in Greenville County: We reflect with pleasure upon the good record of our county during several years of the past. Amid the conflict of political opinions, social differences and inevitable race prejudices which exist in Greenville County, as well as elsewhere in the State and country, wo have been kept, by the Providence of God, from murders aud lyncbings, and almost clear of bitterness aud strife between the races. Farmers, mechanics and men of professions have beeu assiduous in their vocatione, and many new homes have been built by the honorable marriage of our educated young men and women. "Our people have purchased lands, and many have settled up in full for the same; more than usual care and business, tact have beeu used in making and sign? ing contracts for labor. They are fast learning that many precious dollars are saved by reading all contracts aud notes before signing them. "New and improved methods of farm ? ing have been applied by our people, and there are hopeful indications that they are less wedded to the use of various imported phosphates with high-sounding titles. We are making more corn, peas and other substantial products, and less cotton. We are learning to keep fewer horses and cows and bogs, and to keep them better; to shelter our wagons and farming tools, to keep them in good, sub? stantial condition, in order to lighten the burden of our animals and of our own muscles. The universal testimony of the city merchants and cotton buyers ia that we are becoming more and more intelligent patrons of the markets; and this means that we are learning how to sell to good advantage the products of our farms. "We are beginning to enjoy some of the good results of educating our chil? dren in that they can come exactly or nearly at the total value of our cotton crop, according to the fluctuating market quotations as published in newspapers and to calculate interest on notes. The colored Farmers' Alliance represented by our friend C. J. Holloway has receiv? ed the attention of our people and many have joined it. No doubt tbe Alliance, if rightly managed,. will become the farmer's safest harbinger. By the assis? tance of that institution many will rid themselves of the necessity of liens, which system has so long been the galling yoke of the farmer. "There is evidence of a growing tem? perance sentiment among our people in Greenville County, Above all the evils in the world; the rum traffic should be suppressed. It is by far the worst and most dangerous foe of the race. No form of political tyranny can approach rum in its terrible effects upon a poor people. That our people are fast learning to keep it cut of their homes and to abandon its use was demonstrated by their quiet and peaceable- conduct during the recent Christmas holidays. "We note with great satisfaction tbe increased support given to our churched and schools in the county. The pastor? of our churches are nearly all educated young men, who are faithful to their duties. The present illiterate state of our people makes it necessary that the preacher, and teacher be,, to a great ex? tent, the exponents of the rights and duties of our people, as well as their news medium. It is, therefore, impor? tant to the race that these be men and women who are intelligent, honest and bravo, but discreet. "The growing demand in the churches and Bchools of the country for the servi? ces of good pastors and teachers is cause for congratulation, as well as increased confidence in our progress. There are many signs of improvement in methods of housekeeping among our people. The one-room log cabin and the stick and mud chimneyB are giving way to the neatly built and tastily furnished cottage, with home features more or less attractive. "The negroes of Greenville County are not restless and unsettled. This is evi? dent from the fact that emigrant agents have succeeded poorly in inducing them to go West or elsewhere to better their condition. There is generally good feel? ing between tbe races, and we believe that our white neighbors are as good as could be found in any Southern or Western State. We seek nothing but the good of our county and State, our country and our race, learning more and more to demand the fair play in tbe race of life. "It was thought for some time that while tbe white people have very friendly feeling toward the negro, they had dis? criminated against us somewhat in the treatment of our schools. -However, we have reason to believe, and do trust, that the commissioner and trustees are looking forward to the erection of commodious school buildings in the city of Greenville for negro children. "We would say, too; that it is hoped that the pay of our principals and teachers will be better in tbe future. "This great question of colonization has not much disturbed us. Our brother in white has started the discussion and he mnst end it. We are doing well enough here, and do not propose to leave. We are not wards of the nation, but citizens. We have, under the Constitution of the United States, the right to purchase, to hold and to live on property anywhere in the Union, and this right is as fundamen? tal in the Constitution as that which protects our brother in white. Here we ought to stay, and here we will stay. We will never leave or forsake our white brother. The question of social equality between the races is little debated, and in the negative by both races. No intelligent negro desires less than the complete sep? aration of t ho races in social lines, but all desire equality before the laws of the State and country. The Judges, attorneys, and jurors of South Carolina stand con? victed before the country for the discrim? ination they have hitherto made between the races, in the enforcement of the laws. Equal justice before the laws would afford us better protection for our homes and the honor of our women. A number of competent and. worthy negro policemen in Greenville would mean tbe arrest and punishment of the white libertines and black pimps and the rescue o f many negro homes from agonies worse than death. The appointment of two or three negro trial justices in tbo county would mean equal justice to the races in the most ru- j ral sections. But without the enjoyment of equal rights, 'if the fellowship' of the races 'be so aweet' what must it be if equal rights are secured. "But, while retrospectiug Greenville's peaceful record, we pause to express our horror of apd indignation for the recent lynching of eight negroes at Barnwell Court House, and to express .our belief that the sheriff and jailer were accessory to the awful crime. Thcsberiffstates that he knew the trouble was brewing; the jailer had sent his family away for the night; had placed the prisoners in con? venient position ; assisted in unlocking the door and pointed out the victims , allowed himself to be bound and carried through the town without making any alarm; spent more than one hour with the assassins, conversing with them, and yet could not identify one of them. We do not believe that such proceedings could have happened in Greenville or any other place in South Carolina. The more re? cent lynching of ex-convict Black in the same county was a supplement to the first outrage. We disapprove of the Governor's action in ordering the Blsckville militia and others to go at the call of the sheriff of Barnwell County to suppr63s the possi? ble semblance of a negro gathering for any purpose after the lynching. If cool headed men had attempted to assemble for consultation and advice they would doubtless have been suppressed. "We disapprove of tbe advice of the recant conference at Columbia that the negroes should leave Barnwell County, believing that they should remain there and exhaust every lawful moans to secure their rights. But Wv mopt heartily commen! tho cjunc of the conference in every other respect. We commend the patriotic course of the Governor in offer? ing n liberal reward for the arrest and conviction of each member of the mob. We most heartily commend the course of the Governor in "offering a reward of $500 for the arrest of Ready, the slayer of Black. ; " Wc commend the newspapers of the State in their outspoken condemnation of the crime in Barnwell. "We counsel our fellow citizeus of Greenville County and ihronghout the State to remain firm but peaceable in the demand and maintenance of the rights of free citizens." Committee?J. A. Brown, Thomas Brier, F. Brown, W. M. Thomas, Smith Holloway, A. Robertson, H. Walking R. C. Davis, W. A. Richie, 0. Ward. WOODMAN, SPARE THAT TREE. ii ow South Curolina Laud has been Deso? lated. To the Editor of the Nexus and Courier : When the Huguenots first settled in St. Stephen's and St. John's parishes they located on the bluffs of the Santee, select? ing for planting what ia now called the river swamp, in many cases building their homes there. Theee lands, rich as the banks of the Nile, soon made wealthy the planters, than whom no more prosperous nud happy people lived on earth. At that day these lands sometimes sold for len guiueas (or fifty dollars) per acre. They were then free from freshets, which now are so frequent as to render them totally unfit for tillage. Where once were Dumerous plantations?yielding their owners bountiful harvests?now there is only a deserted waste. There are about 1,000,000 acres of such land which, if safe from overflow, would easily produce 35,000,000 bushels of corn, or three times as much as is- produced in the whole State. Early writers give glowing descriptions of the upper country of South Carolina, with its verdant hills and long, sloping valleys?the open forests covered with wild pea vines and teeming with deer, wild turkeys and other game. The ? creeks and branches flowing between high banks and furnished with a never failing supply of pure water, nourished myriads of fish and shad, which have deserted our riverfl, then sported in our creeks. Now of 7,000,000 acres of hill country in the State over 2,000,000 acres, which in their virgin condition would yield 1,000,000 bales of cotton or 40,000, 000 bushels of corn, are barren, bare and scarred with gullies or covered with old field pines and utterly worthless. Be? sides, the condition of these lands perpet-1 uates the desolation of the low-country river bottoms, as well as of the creek and river bottoms of the up-country. Nor do cities escape, for Hamburg, once a prosperous cotton mart, has been destroy? ed and the rich city of Augusta is threat? ened with ruin. THE CAUSE OF THE TROUBLE. This disastrous condition is the result of the reckless clearing of the hi Haides and their persistent cultivation in cotton by the inhabitants of the up-country. And this is not altogether the work of our fathers; the present generation must take its share of the blame. One planta? tion, for example, in Fairfield, which has been cleared chiefly since the war, and so well cleared that on 1,300 acres there now remains {hardly one original tree, twenty years ago yielded about 100 bales of cotton as rent, now the owner rarely receives six bales rent as for the whole plantation. During the last ten years the farmers of the up-country have been driven by the increasing frequency of freshets from the branch or creek bottoms, where they made their corn formerly, to tho upland. Had all this ruin of splendid land in the up country been deliberately planned the work could not have been more skillfully done. Of tho water that fell in rain when the up-country was new only about half reached the low country directly, and then only some weeks after the rain, there being so many obstructions to check it3 flow. Probably half the rain? fall was absorbed by vegetation and vegetable mould which covered the earth, and was given out again by evaporation, or sank into the earth and arose in springs. Probably nine-tenths of the rainfall of the present day pases down the bare bills and gullies like mountain torrents to the sand covered bottoms, and in a few days reaches and floods the low country bottoms. The surface of the bills is so bare and hard that very little of the water is absorbed and retained, and, therefore, twice as much is sent down the country, and with three times the velocity as formerly. HOW CAN THE EVIL BE REMEDIED ? The question now is, "How can the rain? water be held in the soil and held back among the hills so as to save the bottoms from freshets, and at the same time pre? serve moisture and mitigate the effects of droughts." If all cultivators of the soil could be induced to study this sub? ject plans cnuld certainly be devised to bring about, the results desired?of res? toring to fertility and to valuable use millions of acres which are now barren or worthleBB. To this end a few .sugges? tions are offered. First, no crop like cotton, that lequires clean culture, should ever be planted on steep hillsides, and never continuously on long slopes. Large fields of sloping land should be belted here and there with grain or grass or corn or stubble. Terra? cing renders this belting easily practica? ble. AU rolling lands should be terraced and terraces should never be changed when properly located and should be raised year by year until the fields become a series of level Btep?, as is the practice in hill countries of Europe. Steep hillsides should be made to grow up in forests, and where hills are covered with pines level belts should be laid off around them iu which the pines'should be cut down, the gullies filled and the whole ground covered with the brush. If this be done year after year there will be col? lected on these belts such a mass of vege? table growth as to form a barrier to all water from above and hold back and ab? sorb much of it. The more level land above and below these belts may be cul? tivated, but the belts should never be cleared. Ravines between hills, the out ural outlets for water, should be made to grow up in bushes and briars and never be cleared to thd brink of the gullies. They should also be made receptacles for all the atones from adjoining fields. Thus the ravines could be made to retard the radip precipitation of water and sand upon the bottoms. NO HILLSIDE DITCHES. Hillside ditches should never be allow? ed, for their chief object is to carry off water rapidly and they increase the dam? age that our purpose is to escape. They also drain hillsides of the moisture and intensify the severity of droughts, and they nearly always hasten the destruction of lands they were intended to save. AcrosB all branch and creek bottoms twin breaks should be made at proper in? tervals, beginning at the high ground and running across the bottom, slightly incli? ning in the direction of the stream,- and with openings between the ends of the breaks for the channel, which grows deep? er as the breaks are raised higher. These breaks, besides making and deepening channels for the water, hold no sediment, enrich the land and give safety from freshets. Tile drainage, deep ploughing and oth? er methods may also be adopted to retard rain water and hold it on tho land on tthich it falls. THE NEED OF A FORESTRY DEPART? MENT, To accomplish much in this direction, however, concerted action will be neces? sary throughout the entire hill country, and this can be brought about only by legislation and enforced by pnblic senti? ment. If the owners of the soil could be made to realize the destruction they have caused by their reckless methods, and that the country may be restored to its original fertility by concerted action, a great step would be taken. In Germany there is a department of forestry which has super? vision of all forest lands so that evpn private property cannot be cleared of for? ests except by permission from that de? partment. In this State it is now, by law, a misde? meanor for land owners or tenants, to permit logs or other obstructions tp remain : in the creeks passing through their lands to tbe possible injury of property of neighbor.*. It therefore does not seem to be a stretch of power for the State to es? tablish a department whose function shall be to prevent citizens from reckless? ly destroying their own lands and lands of citizens living a hundred miles below them, and to force the adoption of meth? ods that will restore to fertility millions of acres which have been ruthlessly destroyed. This subject suggests the expression of a hope that at some time the State will inaugurate a system of canals for draining tbe swamps of the coast region. This would redeem vast tracts of rich land., furuish inland water transportation, pro? mote health and develop a section that might become the garden of South Caro Una, and being tributary to Charleston, would double ils wealth and population. ?G. H. M'.M , in the New. and Courier Knakcs in the Laud of the Sky. Asheville, N. C, January 18?A thrilling experience was that of n young Asheville physician while hunting wild turkeys recently. With gun in hand he had occasion to get over a large fallen tree trunk. Crouching down io the bushes in order to keep out of sight of the turkeys, he carefully put his left le^ over the log to get astride of it. The moment his leg was over he felt a hting in the calf of it and hastily drew it back, drawing with it a big rattler, fang.-* firmly imbedded in the sensitive flesh. Here was a situation to make a man slightly nervous. In the dense woods, far from camp, with a dose of snake poison itt one's system, would wo>ry even an old hunter. The young man acted quickly and sensibly. Killing the reptile, he stabbed the wound made by the faogs with his hunting knife. Over and over again the keen knife did its work until the blood flowed freely. Above the knee a tight bandage made of a twisted hand? kerchief prevented blood from returning to the heart. The wounded man then fired his repeating rifle, alarming his comrades, who carried him miles to camp. Here whisky was freely adminis? tered. The next day it was evident that these heroic measures were effective. As soon as possible the patient was carried home and eventually recovered, although the wounds made by the snake and knife were a year in healing. A cavity was left in the leg extending to the bone. Frequently the mountaineers capture rattlers alive. A long stick with a slip? noose of stout twine answers as a trap. The snake is induced to strike and the noose is slipped over its head and drawn taut. Then his snakeship can rattle and strike to his heart's content. The sound of a rattle has a busine33-like tone to it. Every woodsman knows it quick as a wink, and respects it. A snake always rattles before he strikes, unless disturbed while asleep. Then the snake bites without an introduction. The snakes are brave. They rest in exposed places, where they can see all about them. When they strike they do not turn and run, but recoil nearly one-half their length and wait their chance for another attack. Unless disturbed, they do.not seek a fight. The Land of/i'romise. St. Louis, Jan. 17.?Letters received by W. L. Eagleson, business manager of the Oklohoma Immigration Society in Kansas, trora points in North Carolina, Bay that a large number of negroes of that State are. going through in wagons this winter to the new territory. Eagleson Bays there are now about 22,000 negroes in Oklahoma, and that by Bpring there will be at least 50,000. He claims they ought to have that country, and says that President Lincoln and the Republican parly promised to give it to them. He adds: "We are determined to take it anyhow and we will make it one of the grandest in the Union. I favor Senator Morgan's scheme to purchase the Chero? kee strip aud other lands in the Indian Territory exclusively for negro settle? ment. Give us the Blair bill, the Indian Territory aud Senator Butler's $5,000,000 and we shall be content. Oklahoma, in my judgment,-is tbe land of promise for the race and migration the panacea for every ill now affecting the negroes of the South." Louisville, Jan. 17.?M. Turner, D. D., L. L. D., of Atlanta, Ga., bishop of the A. M. E. Church, arrived to day and was asked what he thought of the bill before Congress which proposes to give national aid to such colored people as might desire to return to Africa or else? where, and replied by saying: May God grant that the bill may pass. Tbe white people brought us here against our will, now they ought to provide for us to leave if we desire. Besides, we must work out our destiny anyhow, and if a portion of us think we can do it better elsewhere, let the nation help us to try it. If tbe bill meant compulsory expatria? tion we would fight it to death, but as it is voluntary upon the pert of the negro let it pass as soon as possible. Tbe negro at best Is but & scullion here and he can bo no less in Africa. I am tired of negro problems, lynch law, mob rule and con? tinual fuss and a million of other negroes are tired of it. We want peace at Borne period of our existence and if we cannot have it here, where we were born and reared, let that portion of us who choose to try another pection of the world have a little help. This nation owes the ne? gro forty billion of dollars anyway; so give us a little to migrate upon. Col- James i. Hoyt for Governor. , Governor Richardson is serving his second term as chief executive of South Carolina, and that some other than he will be elected is certain. There is no gentleman in the State who would fill the position more acceptably to the whole people than Col. JameB A. Hoyt, of Greenville. Colonel Hoyt is a gentleman of broad views, a noble son of Carolina who has served his State in war as well as in peace, has ever been identified with her welfare-and progress, and has all tbe natural talents that commend him for the position. He would fill tbf gubernatorial chair with credit to tbe State, and it is hoped he can be induced to accept tbe honor, which would be worn no more worthily and be filled with more dignity by any of the many favored sons of ouf fair Carolina. Colonel Hoyt's election is already assured if he will give his consent to be the next Governor of South Caroli? na.?Florence Times. ? Chicago. produces an average of about ten suicides per week or 500 in round numbers per year. ? Some time ago Joseph J. Speck, of Kansas City, learned of the existence of a certain miraculous stone found in Southern India, which would heal wounds of all kinds, particularly snake and dog bites and any sore from which hydropho? bia or lockjaw might result. To learn more of the wonderful curative powers of the stone, Mr. Speck addressed a letter to a native of Bombay. The Hindoo replied that the stone is supposed to be found in a serpent's head, and is rarer and more valuable than the most costly gem. The Hiudooa and the wild, Bavage natives place great faith in its power, and guard it as sacredly and carefully as they do their idols and gods of met?ls. The owner of this particular atone advertised it and offered it for sale in an American newspaper, and it was this advertisement that Mr. Speck saw. The owner of the stone wants $50,0,00 for it. ?In Illinois "habitual drunkenness for the space of two years" is ground for divorce. On this ground a Chicago wife sued for divorce. The evidence showed that the busband was not an excessive drinker. It proved, however, that f)r years he had been in the habit of usiug morphine by hypodermic injection. The sifect was a condition analogous to intox? ication. The Supreme Court of the State admits that "the effects of morphine thus , administered aro very similar and in many ? respects apparently identical with those i produced by the excessive pse of intoxi eating liquors." But it holds that the : word "drunkenness" in the statute is used ! in its ordinary and popular sense. It 1 means intoxication from liquor, not morphiue. The divorce was accordingly refused. ALLIANCE NOTICE. rpIIE State Organizer of Farmers' Alli X ance baa called a meeting of County Presidents and Organizers of the Third Congressional District to meet at Anderson on February 1st next, and I have thought proper to call a meeting of the Anderson County Alliance at the same time and place. J. W. NORRIS, President. Jan 23, 18D0_29_1_ FEESH GAEDEN SEEDS. JUST received a fresh supply of Garden Seeds and Onion Sets from David Landreth it Sons and D. M. Ferry & Co. All fresh. A. B. TOWERS. Biff G hasgiven univer? sal satisfaction in the cure of Gonorrhoea and Gleet. I prescribe ltand feel safe In recommend? ing It to all sufferers. ^A. J. ST03TB, !f.D., Deootur, lit. PRICE, 3100. -~ Sold by WILHITE & WIXHITE. Jan 23,1890 29 ly FREE TO Our New Illustrated Catalogue of Plants, Bulbs, vines, Shrubs, Orna mental Trees, Small Fruits, Grape Vines, Seeds etc., will be mailed Free to all -g applicants. Satisfaction Guar-! auteed. 35 Greenhouses; 30 acres. Address NANZ & NEUNER, Louisville, Ky. | CUNNINGHAM BROS., HARDWARE AND GROCERY DEALERS. We have two floors full of Family and Finest Patent Flour All of which we are selling extremely low. Gall to see us and we will do the "right thing" by you. Yours, .CUNNINGHAM BROS. THE OLD OWL BRAND'' GUANO! Still Hoots: " I LEAD I" MONEY TO LOAN. SEVERAL desirable pieces of Country and City Property for sale. Apply to J. W. QUATTLEBAUM. Jan 2,1890 .26 MONEY TO LOAN! On good security, AT SEVEN PE? CENT. Apply to BRE?ZEALE <fe LONG, Attorneys. Jan 2, 1890_20 _4_ E. F. COCHRAN, ATTORNEY AT LAW, ANDERSON, - - S. C. ??i~ Office* over Farmers' and Mer? chants' Bank. Jan 16,1890 21 _4 MONEY TO LOAN, - ON - Mortgages OF Real Estate, Or Good Collateral. Call on J. d. MAXWELL, Sec. a"d Treas. Anderson Building and Loan Association. A Funny Discovery. 0. S. MINOR & CO. HAVE discovered that they were ma? king money fester than was intend? ed. They are determined to make only a rea? sonable sum during the year, and tor that purpose they will cut prices lower every time the flood of custom will admit. Their tremendous Christmas trade has induced them to remodel their whole sys tern of prices, and they propose to offer better inducements from this out than ever before. Yes, they propose to make their entire Spring purchase with a view to lower prices. Truly, TEN CENT STORE. P. S.?We mean business. NOTICE. rpIIE remainder of subscriptions to Cap X ital Stock of the Anderson Cotton Mills has been called for?35 per cent, pay? able on or by 1st December next, and 35 per cent, payable on or before 1st January no.xt. Contracts for machinery have been ipade, which renders it absolutely neces? sary that these installments be promptly met. By order of the Board of Directors. J. A. BROCK, Pres. and Treas. J. J. BAKER- Secretary. Nov. 21, 1889 20 fflaassBatai STORE TODD BROS. Have .Tust Opened at IsTO. 4, HOTEL BLOCK, ^7 HERE they have on.hand, and arc constantly receiving, a complete Stock of? DRUGS AND MEDICINES, TOILET GOODS, TOBACCO, CIGARS, Etc. Which can't be excelled in quality for the price. A Fine Iiinc of Stationery, ??Haukes" Celebrated Spectacles, Fresh Harden and Field Seeds. Try our Skid 5c, and Stitch Down 2-fer Cigars. ^er- Come to see us if- you don't r.cod anything but an Almanac. ' Don't forget the place?first door to left of Hotel entrance. YIM, ENERGY AND PUSH! Combined >vitli Courteous Attention, ACCOMPLISHES WONDERS! This-is what you find at ROOM 5, HOTEL CHIQUOLA. OuR effort ia to offer every DELICACY that can be procured in any market, and our Fancy Grocery Department evinces thu fact thut our efforts have been most successful. While the Fancy Grocery Department has received a large amount of our attention, we have not allowed the other Departments io suffer. We are heavily stocked and fuliy prepared to meet prices on PLANTATION SUPPLIES. Examine D. S. Maxwell & Son's PURE LEAF LARD-better than home made. Gi l < ur prices before buying. D. S. MAXWELL & SON, Room 5, Hotel Ckiqnola* IsTOT -A.T COST ? (So-Called,) But we pay SPOT CASH for Goods, and will sell them as Low as any Firm in America. OUR STOCK IS FRESH, OUR PRICES THE LOWEST, When quality of Goods is considered, and it will pay you to COZMZIE A-lsTX) SEE US. We Btart the New Year determined to lead in PLANTATION SUPPLIES - AND STANDARD FERTILIZERS, At Lowest Prices possible. OUR SHOE STOCK THE LARGEST IN ANDERSON. Ladies' and Gents' Fine Shoes, And High Cut Plow Shoes a specialty. Also, the "Fat Baby Shoe." Gome and examine this Stock. WE GUAANTEE THE SHOES, WE GUARANTEE THE PEICES. E. W. Brown &z Sons, ANDERSON? S, O. SALE OF LAND. BY virtue of the power vested in me by a Deed of Truist made and executed to me by the heirs-at-law of James Long, deceased, I will sell to the highest bidder at Anderson. S. C. on Salesday in Feb? ruary next, at 11 o'clock a. m., all the in? terest of said heirs-at-law in the following described Tract of Land : ALL THAT TRACT OF LAND, situate in Williamston Township, in the County of Anderson, containing one hnn dred and forty-four acres, 'more or less, bound by lands of Mrs. Cyntha Irby, Geo. W. Rogers, Jacob Spearman and others, and known as the McCarthy Tract. Terms of Sale?One-half cash, the other half to be paid in twelve months, with in? terest from day of sale, secured by a bond and a mortgage of the premises. Purcha? ser to pay extra for papers. ? J. E. BREAZEALE, Trustee. Jan 9, 1890 27_4 HERE WE COME! WITH A NI CE LOT OF New Ladies' and Gents' Solid Gold Watches, Breast Pins and Sleeve Buttons with Chains, Beaded Neck Chains and Brace? lets, Large Stock Ladies' Set Rings ?fcc. Ac, ?ST Sold only for SPOT CASH. Expe? rience has taught me that I can sell so much cheaper I have determined to sell for spot cash. J. A. DANIELS, Agent. Oct31, 1889 17 3m FOR SALE. A Good Chance for a Mechanic. IWISH to sell my Lot, Dwelling and Machine Shops in Walhalla, together with Iron Lathes, Tools, &c. The Shops are run by borse-power, three are places, and all tools necessary for the complete shops. Good dwelling, barn, stables, &c. Corner lot. Shops have a good custom, being the only ones in this section. Prices low, only part payment in cash being re? quired. I only wish to sell on account of my age, as I am not able to do all the work I can get. Also, eight acres of highly im? proved land insidfl the corporate limits of Walhalla. Address or call on C. JOOST, Walhalla, S. C. Jan 9, 1R90_27_3 Stockholders' Meeting. AMEETING of the Stockholders of the Anderson Tannery and Shoe Com? pany is hereby called for Thursday, Janu? ary 30,1890, at 7.30 p. rn. By order of the Board of Directors. J. M. SULLIVAN, President, T. S. CRAYTON, Sec. and Treas. Jan 10,1890 28_2_ NOTICE. ALL persons are hereby notified not to furnish any goods, wares, merchan? dise, or other articles, to any person whom-; soever on my account, or to he charged to me* I hereby give notice that I will in no way be responsible for or pay any debt or account of any kind contracted by any other person than myself. W. C. HADDON. Jan 2,1890_27 . 3? Notice to Debtors. ALL persons indebted to J. & J. N. HUNTER, or to J. N. HUNTER, either by Note or Account, must pay up by tho 1st of March, 1800, or the Accounts will be put in the hands of an Officer for collection. J. N. HUNTER. Jan 9, 1890_27_3 NOTICE OF FINAL SETTLMENT. Notice is hereby given that the un? dersigned will apply to the Judge of Pro? bate at Anderson C. H., S. C, on the 11th of February, 1890, for a Final Settlement of the Estate of John Brown, deceased, and a discbarge from their office as Ad? ministrators of said Estate. E. AMANDA BROWN, ANDY E. BROWN, Administrators, Jan 0, 1800_27_5 "VTOTICE TO CREDITORS. ^k_\ All persons baring demands ag?lnht the Estate of Seaborn S. Jones,' deceased, are hereby notified to present them, properly proven, to the undersigned within tho time prescribed by law, and all per? sons indebted to said Estate must make payment. FRANK L. SITTON, OSCAR HARRIS, Executors, Jan 9, 1890 27 3 NEW CROP GARDEN SEEDS ARRIVING DAILY. DRUGS, PAINTS, And OILS, AT SIMPSON, REIO & CO'S. Cor. Hotel Chieuola. COME AND SEE OUR SILK PLUsin, CELLULOID FILLED Dressing* Case for $1.25, Wi UILE you arc here we shall bo able to show you something else interesting. . Shaving Cases from $1.00 on up, Dressing Cases any price, Work Boxes 50c up, Gents' Cases $1.00 up, Cigar Cases 50c up, Manicure Sets, very handsome. Writing Desks $1.00 up, Whisk Broom Holders?beautiful, Elegant Cologne Bottles, Vases 10c to $5.00, Water Sets $1.50, Gift Cups and Saucers 10c up, Japanese Waro, Elegant Parlor and Hall Lamps. Other things! Other tilings ! Come and see I Come and see ! HILL BROTHETS. NOTICE To Administrators, Executors, Guardians, And Trustees. ALL Administrators, Executors, Guar? dians and Trustees are hereby noti? fied to make their Annual Returns to this office during the months of January and February, as required by law. W. *F, COX, Judge of Probate. Jan q, 1890 27, ' j ?\TOTICE FINAL SETTLEMENT ~ JLA The undersigned, Executtsof the Estate of Willson Ashley, deceased, hereby gives notice that he will apply to the Judge of Probate for Anderson County, on the 4tb day of February, 189Q, for a Final Settlement of said Estate and dis? charge from his office as Exeoutor, R. B. A. ROBINSON. Ex'r. Jan 2,1890 26 5