Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BTGIINESCALE 1 IIa?h^'Ooi^jmn, ^:*^^V'A^^commnn!cati6ni'Jntended for this Column should be addressed to D. H. RUSSELL, School Commissioner, Ander . eon, S. C. . Mis3 Emma AUgood has charge of the Three and Twenty Bchool, and when we U. r. entered" we found her buBily engaged .with a gram mar class, which we listened to with interest to ,its close. This class was just beginning, but seemed to have grasped the a abject, and n n der th e dir ec ? tiolu -offthe" teacher, we have no doubt will mate progress to the end. We ' know something of the qualities, and qualifications of this teacher, she having ours, and we think she has some of the true grit about ^' V^r? and:kjioTO when and how to put her foot down. We published last week a very thoughfol and exhaustive article from. " J theipea of our?riend, Prof..S..P.McEl roy, the principal of the Generostee Academy, and we would earnestly call the attention of all our teachers and school patrons to it. It completely cot era the ground. There is a "better way," and Prof. McElroy shows us that way, and7 we shall be wise if we follow , his: lead. "Success is, the criterion of merit," and that he is successful, we had occular demonstration in oar recent visit tp bis school. In looking into the pearly one hundred bright, intelligent faces turned toward us as we stood before them we did not see a single "blue-back . speller." Thia .book has been, and is now, the great incubus resting upon the schools of the County, causing a deadly lethargy to Bpread its black pall over like the baneful influence of the deadly Upas tree. The Book must go, it h8s been so decreed by^the law of the ; land, whether we will or no. Liberty Spring Bchool is under- the charge of Mr. J; B. Harris. We visited, that school last week, and found the teacher doing up hill work and .only a few pushing from behind. It won't work that way, it takes tho.whole crowd pushing and polling to make a success. No sash in ths windows, and a stove flue, that smokes like an engine when a fresh' supply of fuel is laid on, and cold drafts from open windows, made us willing to leave when the time came. . We ..believe .-: the teacher to be capable, but he cannot attain a full measure of success unless he and the- children, are made comfortable. We interviewed ohe. of the patrons, and - found that while he and two or three ; others were willing, the others held back. . Some of the children have been wrest* ling with the "blue-back" so long that I $ey have Iconcluded;'there"is ? nothing ? else to leam and.their ambition is gone. Some of them are growing up scarcely, able to read their mother tougue. We have visited at least one.colored;school : the same week- where the same grade of pupils are farin edvence; These things aro unpleasant truths, ;buk $they are; truths all the same, and are. written in sorrow to stir up "your pure minds by way of remembrance." : It ought hot to be bo, and we hope to see" a different state of things at our next yirit. "v , The transition was. pleasant, indeed, from this to the Siabtown school, under one of our'pupils of the * 'auld langsyne^ Mr. J. P. Smith. Here is a fairly com? fortable house, well equipped with black . boards and thirty new^desks, and best of all, *;a live teacher at the helm. The pupils'seem well up in ? their studies and ready with their responses, and we came away feeling that Siabtown was maintaining her ancient reputation. This is the section where the famona educator, Rev. John L. Kennedy, held sway in the: years gone by, and which the boys sometimes called "slap down" in . parody of his famous method of punish' meat;" Almost every thing in that sec? tion bears his impress,' and perhaps no educator of his day left his work more - clearly behind him, not only upon this section, but upon other portions of the -JSfete.;-. -?>-?' ? a stew six per cent. method. . ? Principal Ohas. S. Davis has a new. way to compute interest- at six per cent. It is short, philosophical and novel. Can you calculate interest at any rate by means of this method ?; If so, how ? Is the method, as a: whole, more desirable than the commonly ..understood six per cent method ? Examine carefully the explanation given below: Let it be required to find the interest :on $300 for 4 years, 7 months, 15 days, at 6 per cent ?' ; " Solution: 4 years, 7 months, 15 days?55.5 mos. $S.00x5.55-$88.25. ; "J&g --? ;"':2 Find the interest on $379 32 for 2 years, 5 months, 10 days at 6 per cent. 2 years, 5 months, 10 days?29.8J m'J3. $8.7932x29.3??$65.6336 2 The method depends upon the fact: that 1-100 of the principal equals the interest at 12 per cent. Dividing this by two gives the interest for one month at 6 per cent. Multiplying this result by the time expressed in months and deci? mals of a month gives the required inter? est. The above from \hQ.Southwestern Jour? nal of Education, is the simplest and shortest method of calculating interest that has ever been devised; indeed, it is so simple-and obvious that it is a wonder thatir ha'd'hot been 'discovered sooner. Tetyit would-probably be well,in-order to make the subject clear to. those per? sons who have not had much practice in solving examples in interest, to add a word or two by way of explanation." It was stated in the above article that if we divide the principal by 100, we obtain the interest for one month at 12 percent. We know to obtain one per cent, we divide by 100, or cut off the two right hand figures of the principal, and to obtain 12 per cent, we multiply this result by 12. But 12 per cent, is the interest for one. year, or twelve months, and-to obtain the interest for. one month, or one-twe'.fth of a year, requires that we divide by 12. This is needless, since in dividing by 12 we simply reverse the work we djd \a multiplying by 12, S & LANGSTON. The question was asked, "Can you cal? culate interest at any rate by means of-j this method ?" Let us see. If you wish to find the interest at 4 per cent., instead of dividiog by 2, as id the above .exam? ples, we divide by three, ainoe4.per.cent. is $ of 12 per cent.; if at 5 per cent, wo multiply by 5-12, since 5per cent.'is 5-12 of 12 per cent ; if at 7 per cent., we mul? tiply by 7-12, since 7 per cent is 7-12 of | 12 per cent; if.at 8 per cent., we multi? ply by f, since 8 percent, is t .of 12 pec | cent; if at 9 per cent., we multiply by J, since 9 per cent, is $ of 12 per cent; if at 10 per cent., we multiply by 5-6, since 10 per cent, is 5-6 of 12 per cent; if at 11 per cent., we multiply 11-12, since 11 per cent is 11-12 of 12 per cent, For the sake of illustrating, we append a number of examples. We will take the same principal and the same time that was given in the first example above. $3.00x55.5-155.50. $8.00x5-12x55,5T$69.875. - $3:00x7-12x55.6e$97.125. I -t8H50x|x55.5^$111.00. $3.00x}x55,5-|124.875. $8.(fox^x55.5--$lSS\7?.i f. $&0?xll-12x?5.5-$152.625. M. N. Mitchell. Food for Plants. Now that the time has arrived for the farmer to make a close calculation of his needs in the way of fertilizers for. the year's crop, he must see what is home | supply and what he will have to go into the market for. He must recognize the fact that it is ? losing business to culti? vate land which is not naturally or otherwise supplied with food for his crops. We find in our agricultural reading that there is some casuistry indulged in with respect to the maxim, "Feed the land and the land will, feed you." Some selfish manufacturers of fertilizers try to "draw lines too fine" when they speak of feed ! log the plant father than feeding of lan?. We quote from one of them:- "The plant appeals to man at every stage of I its growth in language more cogent than . tongue can command. Consider , me aoil, seed, season and cultivation- areO alL-j. important factors^but Btudy me and.-my wants. I sustain man.. Know/ then, how to plant me ; how to cultivate me; and above all, how to feed me; for if you feed me, I will feed you." A fair inter? pretation of.this ^language will require a farmer to be a better soil chemist than he can possibly be, and that' he must rely implicity oh thestatement of a manufac* | turer of commercial fertilizers as to the special ingredients and value of his pre? paration for particular crops. No. liber? al-minded manufacturer desires this, and is willing to Imng his goods squarely under State laws regulating the analysis anid Bale of the products of his factory, | Neither does he wish to disparage or j discourage the production of farm man? ures, but only to aid the farmer when the home supply'is not sufficient for his.) wants. There can "be no legitimate antagonism between farm and commer- j cial fertilisers of standard quality; and both can,, and 'should be, used in conjunc? tion whenever in a farmer's judgment it is necessary. Going back to the original question of ] . feeding,the land or feeding the'plant, we may say that the surface Boil of the earth is the stomach, of the great material body:which receives and assimilates the fo?Ufbr^all plants which grow, on it." The natural supply of plant food comes from the 'delayjof vegetable. matter, and" the mineral substances;which nature has provided as constituent elements of a soil on which plants are to grow. These mineral elements, when deficient by rea? son of bad culture, excessive cropping or other caase, are well supplied by artificial fertilizers, as the humus of the soil is kept up by the application of decaying or decayed vegetable matter, under which the bulk of all farm manures -nay be classed. Feed the stomach of the earth in the natural way, as the animal stomach is fed, and the same life giving influence will be given plants as are imparted to the bones, flesh and blood of j the animal body. It will no more do for I .men to live by the agency of patent medi? cines, than for crops to be wholly rai. cd by patent manures.? Southern Planier. A Debtor^ Trick. : Spaetaxbueg, Jan. 30.?A novel question; and amusing in some of its de? tails, has been sprung here. Two of pur lawyers had a claim against a certain un? married defendant. Desiring to make their money they got judgment and advertised iiis property for.sale.- The defendant began to skirmish around to see if there was not some way of saving himself. With 'the assistance of able counsel he concluded to. marry, and to. take unto himself a family tbnt w/mid need the -comforts of a huuieateuU. He left his attorney last Friday, and before Saturday night dark the sheriff received notice from him that he would claim homestead, and* he asked that he send 0ut and have it laid off for him, inasmuch as he was not willing to Bee his wife and children placed in a condition of want and suffering. It is tolerably evident that be must have hitched on to a buxom widow who had made a good start in the family business, as he speaks of his chil? dren. The plaintiff's attorneys have given notice to the other side that they will apply to the Court to set aside the marriage as illegal, having been con? tracted to hinder, delay and defraud the creditors out of their just and lawful claiinfl.?Correspondence of the News and Courier._ Beware of Ointments for Catarrh that contain Mercury, as Mercury will surely destroy the sense of smell and completely derange the whole system when entering it through the muens surfaces. Such articles should never be used except on prescrip? tions from reputable physicians, as the damage they will do are ten fold to the good you can possible derive from them. Hall's Cattarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J. Cheney & Cel., Toledo, O:, contains no mercury, and is taken internally, and acts directly upon the blood and .mucus surfaces of the system. In baying Hall's Catarrh Cure be sure you get the genu? ine, it is is taken idteroally and made in Toledo, Ohio, by F. J. Cheney & Co. BgkSold by Drpggists, price 75c. per bottle. AN EYELESS EDEN, A Visit to a Mis sis slppi College, Atlanta Constitution. Stahkville, Miss., Jan. 27,?Boys, boys everywhere, and not a single gal? nor a married one, either, nor an old wo? man, forthat matter. Just houses and grounds fall of uni? formed boys, grown men, professors to teach them,'and men cooks to prepare their food?not even a female housekeep? er or washerwoman to be seen?at the Agricultural and Mechanical college of Mississippi.. This institution is a mile from Starkville, and is beautifully situated amid green, rolling fields and woodlands. All the college buildings are placed in the center of the grounds, aud the pro? fessors' houses burround them. The large brick buildings in the center contains the assembly ball, President Stephen D. Lee's office, the secretaries' office and the class-, rooms. j President Lee escorted'me over the latter, where the.boys were pursuing their studies. As he opened each door it seemed that a regiment oiV boya'arose to greet us, and after goingthrough that college, I felt as if I'd met the whole male- population of the United States. We entered Lieutenant Da vis's class room first, where he was carrying part of the junior class through a mathematical les? son. Lieut. Davis is the United States officer Bent to the college by the govern? ment to teach military tactics, and the use of field instruments needed by a farmer for practical surveying, leveling, etc. In, the next room Professor McGheo was teaching a large class in algebra. Professor. Magruder ? was teaching his senior '.class . English . literature. After going through all the classes on the second floor, we'went to the third, where the industrial;classes-were telling about horticulture^ stock planting, reaping, etc. Professor McKay of ? the horticultural department,' was 'examining his class in regard'to vegetables and fruits. The selling of bad articles, of this kind by farmers of the present might charitably be atfcribnted ?. to" ignorance of what is really good, but the Mississippi farmer of the future will have no excuse for selling sour .apples, and pithy radishes. He will know what good vegetables are; and how to.grow them.' ? ? A young-gentleman-gave in our pres? ence some lucid discourses on the cucum? ber, from which we gained, full informa? tion in regard to its cultivation -and temperament, and found out that the best variety was the white spine. He did not, being a loyal vegetable student, tell, of the harmful effects of an overdose of cucumber upon the partaker, but. we all know about that without studying horti? culture. . We heard the egg plant explained in the same way, and then repaired to the class room whe Professor Irby was ex? amining one-half of the freshman class on stock. I found out the meaning of thoroughbred, cross, etc., and all about the form and feature aud disposition of the Jersey, Devon, Holstein and other cows., : In this building were twenty-rooms, and all filled with classes as we went through them. We stopped on the stairway going down' to \watch the boys change class-rooms. It was done with perfect system and order, without any- of toe giggling that school girls of their age would have indulged in. By school'girls I don't mean Industrial school girls. They never giggle. \ ; . | j| 'On the college building's left hand is the chemical labratory, class and lecture room. Prof. Hutchinson, the State chemist, is in charge of this department. The first floor contained the distillery, gas and supply rooms, all complete in appointments. In the class room the. so? phomore class were engaged in the study of analytical chemistry by the blow pipe analysis. These boys are taught three months by text books and six months by practical analysis by blow pipes, etc., and the resnit of this training enables to an? alyze and determine the composition of any substance, so that the coming farmer will not be cheated in buying grains and fertilizers. - ?' '? ? ~ * vv ' To the left of this building spread ont a vast area planted in fruit by the boys. Ten acres of strawberries bring in a round sum of money for the college every spring besides giving the boys as many as their hearty appetites desire. There are twelve acres in each peach' and pear and apple trees, and a vineyard of ten acres without a single Eve to tempt the four hundred Adams. If Satan finds his way there, he'll have to bear all the.blame of his own blackness, k. zil i. i Back of the chemical bnilding is the Agricultural Experimental station of Mississippi. Upon - January 27th, 1888, located this station at the A. and M. college and placed its management in the hands of the college trustees. The object of this station is to.conduct original researches or verify experiments on the physiology of plants and animals, their diseases with the remedies used against them, the chemical composition of plants, manures, soil, water, etc. Professor 8. M. Tracy, who directs this department, Bays that such analysis as is done here goes, more to the making of successful farming than-weather can go against it, as more bad crops come from rust, smut, bad drainage, soil and fertili? zers than any thing else. He is now testing fertilizers to learn how to renovate exhausted soils with the least expenses, and finds the cultivation of grasses for pasture the best mode. Two hundred species of grass are grown successfully on the farm of one thousand nine hundred and forty five acres. Upon this farm one thousand yards of tile drain was laid by the students last autumn, and they have eo improved by their thorough knowledge of the art of agriculture com? parative poor land as to make every acre b: ig forth a good crop. - Between the college building and the chemical iabratory is the larga mess hall, where the boys file into their meals every day by the reasonantnotes of a bugle. I was taken unannounced through this vast region given . over to the supplying'of food for hungry boys. All the science and love , of the beautiful that can be taught to a boy cannot keep him from being hungry, ANDERSON, S. C, '. The dining room was neat and attrac? tive. The kitchen contained a larger range than the girls had and it was filled with pots and pans large enough to bury a common mortal. They had as good a dinner as growing boys could desire, and all the eatables were produced on the farm with the exception of the rice. There were panB of sweet potatoes cooked and pat under the range to keep warm ; there was a tremendons pot of boiled white peas and homemade bacon, another of rice and a whole roast pork. The" chief cook stood stirring up the meal for muffins in a pan big enough for a sail boat. , The farm supplies entirely the beef, butter and milk used on the tables and makes a good suc^by selling those products when the home demand is sup? plied. Above the- hall are the debating rooms of the two college societies. There the boys discuss no stilted and chesnut subjects such as whether Bacon wrote Shakespeare, or who was . the greatest man, George Washington or the duke of Wellington. They talk of the sowing and harvesting of grain, the planting and hoeing of cottou, how rust can he taken from the green leaves, and how man can stamp the destroying worm under his feet by means of some chemical discov? ery. A hospital under the charge- of Dr. Barr, and having as its nurse an experi? enced man from the charity hospitals of New Orleans, is at a little distance back from the other buildings. Opposite the college building on the right is the great brick dormitory, con? taining one hundred and eight bed rooms, the library, musuem, coal and linen rooms the geological class rooms and writing rooms. The museum on the basement floor contains specimens of all the agricultural productions-of the State, and some in? teresting' tbings:.in ^hejform of fossils, found near Starkeville, among them the skeleton of a monstrous sea serpent. Petrified .twigs and stamps and Indians l: are frequently being dag ap where these fossils were foand. If a . distinguished Mississippian wanted to be sure of a monument, he might go there and leave it in his will that when petrified he be dag ap and placed to mark his [own grave. It would save squabbles and expense to the relatives who inherited his fortune. All the specimens for the study of anatomy are contained in this museum. A novel design for the displaying of native woodB was a J arge oaken frame painted in. leaves and wood shrubs and filled in with blocks of polished specimens on which were exquisitely painted leaves, flowers and fruit of the tree. This work was done by Miss McManus, of Mississippi. The windows of Lieut. Davia's quarters in this building were turned into hanging gardens of bloom. There were geraniums and roses and violets, mingled with twin? ing vines and ferns. These flowers touched me with a sense of the beautiful softness and refinement of the true sol? dier. Gen. Lee himself is of .this the most striking illustratien in oar southern land. A West Point man, trained from his hand in the hard discipline of war, and entering actively upon his career at the first trumpet call of his country, doing his part'so bravely that be was made a general, and was the youngest in all his army to hold that office. Now that the days of turmoil have departed he has taken hold of the plough of peace with which to lead his southern lads to victory. Which is the greatest height, the one he stood on twenty-five years ago, or that of to day, wherefrom he stretches out his strong hands over a land of peaceful, profitable labor ? This oreat soldier of peace stands a "noble figure against a background of southern woods and sky, a figure to cheer all who bemoan the past, to strengthen and encourage all who look faith in the future. . . Now to the stables and creamery. I went there with Mr. Safford, a former graduate and present assistant in the horticultural department. On our way. over great, high stiles, made for the long legs of boys, he talked of the college and its interests. "I wish," he said, "that the buildings were not quite bo rough. The girls' industrial college, you noticed, was so nicely finished inside. Of course we boyB want the girls to have the nicest, but still we'd like it to be some better. Still," be went on,'"the buildings are substantial and ? very wall is of brick and double, so there couldn't possibly be a fire.J*' "Do any of the boys, who come here fail to study well.". t" . : "Yes, and the first offense, they are reprimanded, the second it is done more severely, and the third time they are giv? en a military disciple for punishment. They are compelled to tread a beat for three hours at a time. I've done some of that three hours walking and I tell you it gets pretty tiresome about the third hour? "And you have to do all the field work yourself?" "Yes, we do everything that common negro laborers do, ditch, drain, plough, hoe, everything in fact, but pick the strawberries. That is done by a lot of negro women and children because the boys' other duties keep them from work? ing long enough at a time to get the ber? ries ready for shipping." i At the barn Mr. Davis, the acting professor and superintendent of the farm, joined us and showed me the three silos, containing in all two hundred and forty tons of-ensilage, made on the place, and ..the barn also contained quantities of hay and corn, harvested from the farm field. ThiB barn supplied the dry food for four hundred cattle, that grazed on the distant green field. In the barn, for thorough? bred cattle, feeding stuffs are being tested for butter and beef making. The test has been made only a short time, but Prof. Irby thinks the cheapest food for making good beef is cotton seed meal and cotton seed. To this barn, before daylight, the stu? dents who milk the cows repair with lan? tern and tin bucket. Imagine a row of brass buttoned uniformed boys kneeling humbly and milking cows I Here is a home for the farm wife of the future. No more getting up at daylight and making fires, and milking cows, while their husbands snore comfortably in their warm beds. rHUKSDAT MOENI From the stable we passed to tbe first creamery ever established in the Golf States. Since then a number'of college graduates have since established or are working in creameries in different parts of the State. This creamery 1b fitted np with the newest and best inventions for separat? ing, churning and working cream into butter. The milk is first put into a large tin receptacle and heated to the degree for churning; then it goes into the cream separator, which revolves sixty-five times a minute and is separated immediately; then the-churning is done in a large, box-like machine. The great cans of yellow cream, the wooden vats of golden butter, were a delight to the eyes. There, in summer, two hundred pounds of butter are made a day, and this butter is in such demand that orders for three or fonr hundred pounds more than they can supply is daily received. Everything imaginable in the way of new agricultural implements is to be found here, and the facilities for watering, draining, etc., are the best. This college has done more solid good to the farmers aud the State of Mississip? pi than anything ever established. It has advanced their ideas, given them new. and improving methods, Bhown them their resources and what lay in the future of their country. As for the students, they are the men who are to make the stone pillows for the South- to stand on. and if such a school as this were estab? lished in every Southern State, it would not be long before the South would far exceed the north in wealth. From tbe ground cometh the birth of all things. From it the first man was made and from it he sustained his God given life. In it lie the herpes of the past, from it muBt the heroes of the present make their name and fortunes. "Look to it, men of the South, and fol? low Mississippi. Maud Andbews. Is It Bight to Dance ? Bev. W. 0. Shaeffer preached a forcible sermon on Sunday night on this subject. He m?intaioed that it is not right for church members to dance. In confirma? tion of this, he quoted from the authori? ties of all the churches. The Catholic bishops and cardinals in a late letter to the churches condemned the dance in strong terms, and charged their members to abstain from it. The Episcopal church had done the same. He quoted from utterances of Bishop Mcllwain, of Ohio, and Bishop Cox, of New York, in which they took strong ground against it. The Baptist Quarterly of October discussed the subject fuliy,and showed that that church condemns it. The Presbyterians, in their General Assembly, have condemned it. The Methodist bishops have recently declared unanimously that their church is against it. And, said the preacher, the rules of the Lutheran church forbid it. For purther proof that the chnrches are opposed to dancing, he referred his hearers to a host of authorities that'may be found in Kitto'a Cyclopedia of Biblical Literature. He then gave four reasons why dancing should hot be indulged ia by. church members: 1. The Bible commands us to abstain from the very "appearance of evil." Dancing certainly has the appearance of evil; otherwise there wonld be no ques? tion in the minds or conscience of right thinking people as to its rightfulnesB. 2. It is wordly. S. It is in direct opposition to the in? fluence of the church., The preacher stated . that he had observed that as church members became more and more fascinated by the dance in the same de? gree they lose their interest in the pray? er meeting and other services of the church, and could not be relied on for doing religious work. 4. It ia grossly inconsistent with such passages of the Scriptures as "Know ye not that your bodies are temples of the Holy GhoBt?"?Newberry Observer. The Kind of Men who Go lo Heaven. "There," said a neighbor, pointing to a village carpenter, "There is a man who has done more good, I really believe, in this community than any other person who ever lived in it. He cannot talk very much in public, and he does not try. He is not worth $2,000, and it is very little he can put down on subscrip? tion papers. .But a new family -never moves into the village that he. does not find it out and give them a neighborly welcome and offer them some service. He is on the lookout to give strangers a seat in his pew at church. He is always ready to watch with a sick neighbor and look.after his affairs for bim. I believe be and his wife keep house plants in winter mainly that they may be able to send little bouquets to friends and inva? lids. He finds time for a pleasant word to every child he meets, and you'll always see them climbing into his one-horse wagon when he has no other load. He has a genius for helping folks, and it does me good to meet him in the streets," ?St. Louis Globe. ? A bill has been reported favorably in the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature requiring all railways in that State to fence their tracks. The farmers demand the passage of the measure as a protection against the killing of live stock by railway trains, and as the far? mers dominate in the present Legislature of North Carolina there is no doubt of the passage of the bill. ? General Harrison's wife complains that she was followed everywhere in New York by a female reporter. She will get used to it. The occupants of tbe white house look under the bed every night, not for burglars, but for reporters. ?Nevada leads the way in the sup? pression of high hats in the theatres. A bill before the Legislature makes it a mis? demeanor for any lady to wear a hat at any theatre in the State of greater height than three inches. ? No other spring medicine has won for itself such universal confidence as Ayer'a Sarsaparilla. It is the most pow? erful combination of vegetable altera? tives ever offered to the public, and is acknowledged by tho medical profession to be the best blood purifier. NG, FEBKTJAKY 21, IS BELLE STABB BELLE BOYD 2 A Weitern Amazon Assassinated and Al? leged to be the el-Oonfedorate Spy?A Story Probably Mixed. New York World. F?bt Smith, Abk., Feb.?A tele? gram from Eufaula received here to? night confirms last night's despatches that Belle Starr, better known as Belle Boyd, bad been shot by unknown parties, who fired upon her from ambush, and left no clue. The murder took place Sunday night, on the Choctaw side of the Canadian river,' near her home. Search? ing parties of mounted Indian police are scouring the neighborhood, but thus far without success. Her husband, James Starr, who was summoned by telegraph from the city, announced before leaving that he would kill the man who shot his wife, no matter who he was. The neigh? borhood of Eufaula is greatly excited over the deed. Notwithstanding the criminal notoriety of the woman, she left many friends who have determined to avenge her death. Bell Boyd was born at Martinsburg, now in West Virginia, in 1846, and lived there until 1861. Her father was a mer? chant, her mother a handsome woman, of good family, and the girl's associa? tions and education excellent. > During a visit to the neighboring town of Win? chester, after war had been declared, this dashing young horsewoman heard of J Federal movements which threatened her "beloved South," as she called it. She galloped by night to Stonewall Jack? son and told him what she knew. From that time she was "attached" to the Stonewall Brigade with more or less reg? ularity. She rode across the battlefield of Front Royal and carried to Jackson despatches which sent him in pursuit of | Banks. She had already become the pet ! and pride of the Southern army. She soon became known as "Belle Boyd, the famous rebel spy." At that time she was a girl of strong aquiline features, coal-black eyes and hair, a magnificent figure and the physical strength and elasticity of an Amazon. Martinsburg was most of the time within the Union lines, and Belle Boyd's secret service was of much value to the South? ern commanders. On a particularly daring expedition she was captured and sent to Washington. Here she became quite sb much of a favorite with some of the young Federal officers and with some Congressmen as she had already been frith the soldiers and public men of the South. She hesitated at nothing to make a stroke for the Confederacy. She who had by her wiles and smiles captured so many Union secrets was at last a prisoner herac& Altei -emaining some time in the old Capitol Prison in charge of William P. Wood, she was exchanged for the cele? brated Col. Michael Corcoran, of the Irish Brigade, who had been a Confed? erate prisoner since first Bull Bun. After Gettysburg she was made a prisoner, court-martialed and ordered shot, but her sentence was commuted to banishment in the South. Soon afterwards Jefferson Davis sent her with important dispatches to Great Britain. She sailed from Wilmington, N. 0., May 8,1864. The vessel was captured, .the adventuress taken to Boston, court-martialed and a second time ordered shot. President Lin? coln commuted her punishment to ban iihment. She soon afterwards crossed the ocean and created a great sensation, when Ang. 25, 1864, she married her captor, Lieut. S. W. Hardinge, in London. Her husband lived only a few months, and the young widow made her debut on the stage' in Eogland. The war over she retired to private life. Subsequent to her second husband's death, about seven years ago, she started out as a lecturer as a means of maintaining her three chil? dren, two of whom are in a convent. Soon after she married her third hus? band, Mr. High, and made Detroit her home. During her marriage-to Col. Hammond in 1880-81, who was then acting as trav? elling salesman, Belle Boyd liyed on North Thirteenth street, in Philadelphia, She gave some readings at St. George's Hall. At that time the eldest of her little girls was about thirteen years old. Subsequently she went to live in Texas, where she married successively Colonel Younger, Sam Starr and Jim Starr. Several years ago she shot and wounded a man whom she changed with improper relations with her daughter. For some years she has lived in the Choctaw Nation, and has frequently been in Fort Smith on business and as a witness at the United States Court, After the death of her husband, Cole Younger, in Missouri, she married Sam Starr and lived with him in the Choctaw Nation. With her husband, she was in Forth Smith about three years ago and the two left for home in the evening, but on the way home Ptarr was killed by an old enemy named West. Soon afterwards she married her late husband's cousin, James Starr, who was in this city when the telegram announc? ing her death was received. He is a tall, well formed Indian, with long hair fall? ing down over his shoulders. There was bad blood in his eye when he heard the news. Without delay he saddled his horse, provided himself with a quart of whiskey and struck out on the run for home, saying somebody was going to suffer. Belle Starr has figured in the.United States Court here on several occasions, and was once sent to the penitentiary for selling whiskey in ,tbe Choctaw Nation. Dressed in men's clothes, riding in a good saddle and armed with a brace of formi? dable pistolB, she has raided, caroused and participated in every known form of outlawry prevalent in the Nation. ? Compulsory education has ils draw? backs. A boy at Greensburg, Pennsyl? vania, committed suicide because be was determined not to go to school. Eczema, Itoby, Scaly, Skin Tortures. The simple application of "Swayne's Ointment," without any internal medi? cine, will cure any case p* Tetter, Salt Rheum, Ringworm, Pilot Itch, Sores Pimples, Eczema, all Scaly, Itchy Skin Eruption, no matter how obstinate or long standing. It is potent, effective, and costs but a trifle, 15 1889. Tbe Unfaithful Stewardess, Few things come more easily to any" woman to do than to spend money which does not belong to her. This seems, at a superficial glance, an extraordinary and exaggerated statement, since the greater part of us assume to be honest, and that with the strict uprightness of action which does uot claim and will not receive a peony beyond our due; for the women who unblushingly steal, who help them? selves to change out of their husbands' pockets and excuse the act under the plea that whatever is the husband's is the wife's also, who tell deliberate untruths, or who are guilty of planned and palpa? ble deception, are very few when compar? ed with the main body who would scorn themselves to death for any part of such conduct. And yet look at the fatal facility with which the best of wives will run up a bill at the grocer's or the dry goods shop, if having bills there, procuring this, that, and the other, articles that could be dis? pensed with, even if doubtless thinking them needed at the time, but articles that occasion a second thought and a possible self-denial were it necessary to open the purse and pay for them on the spot; and meanwhile it is not the personal purse ot the wife at all that is to be opened, but of the husband, which may be declared by Bophistry her's as well as his, but which the sterner logic of facts pronoun? ces emphatically his. That, however, is a question open to some dispute, as the bill is perhaps as apt to be run up when it is the purchaser's private puree from which it is to be paid, and where there is no husband in the case. The way in which the money that does not belong to her is spent by a careless or extravagant housekeeper is the point we would em? phasize, and that is a point of everyday occurrence in a multitude of families. The wife who looks carefully at the daily expenditure of the household, turning a scrutinizing eye upon minute particulars, who keep herself thoroughly informed as to the contents of the cellar and pantries, and knows not only just how much there is of every article, bnt just how long it ought to last, and does not hesitate to make inquiry and research if it has not lasted long enough; who in? spects the accumulations of the refriger? ator, and allows nothing to be wasted there, to be given away or thrown away or left to spoil, that can possibly be used to help out a meal; who has no happy go-lucky way. with her if the servants break the dishes which her husband has supplied, so that they feel no great harm is done, and worse things might happen than to break cut glass and French china again; who scrupulously requires' ac? count of the servants, too, in the matter of these breakages, so that it is impossi? ble for them to put her off with the famil? iar statement that a certain thing was broken long ago; or, if not, hardly worth, in view of its prolonged non-existence, scolding for now; who evinces enough solicitude to make the servants them? selves feel solicitous as to the nicking of the cups and saucers and plates, and not put them all in the dish-pan together and not wash and wipe them while looking the other way?the wife whe does all this, and does the correlating inspection and supervision besides which are natural to one. who is careful in a few things and is made ruler over many?that wife is one who has nothing to do with our sub? ject matter, and is indeed more than careful as to the spending of money that does not belong to her. It is the wife who does none of these things; who takes no heed of remnants in the refrigerator that could be warmed over into Btew or pie or other savory compound, or made into nourishing fam? ily soups, but has the fresh roasts ordered in spite of them; who lets the crusts become monldly in the bread chest without troubling herself to think of pudding or brewis or powdered crumbs -for poultry dressing; who takes no pains to have the dripping saved for "shorten? ing," but allows butter to be used right and left instead ; who never condescends to make inquiry as to what becomes of dishes that leave the table hardly, touch? ed ; who sees whole sections of pie, frag? ments of pudding, heels of loaves and well-covered bones, that could be turned to the advantage either of the household or poor, thrown into the swill pail?it is that wife who by extravagance, and by her want of care amounting to positive unfaithfulness, who has grown into the .way of spending with perfect ease money that does not belong to her. When the table clothes are worn, they are uot darned and kept along, saving new outlay ; the ends are hot cut off and the web shortened for an occasional cloth, or joined to another fragment for one that can be used every day for some time to come, but it is torn into tumbler clothes, or given away, or put into the rag bag, or rolled up in a heap and thrust away among old pieces; and the same is the fate of the sheets under such care, and tho pillow cases, instead of undergoing repair, are turned into mops and lamp rags. This being the treatment of the household gear, memory and imagination pause before the condition of the family wardrobe, in eo far as it depends on this sort of head and hands to keep it whole, to make this article spare that, to get one new thing out of two old ones; and if this woman's husband does not have frayed edges to wrists and ankles of his under flannels, shirt bosoms gaping be? tween the pleats without buttons or with wornoot button holes that defy the studs to stay in them ; if he is ever able to pack a bag and leave home except after sitting the whole house by the ears to get his clothes ready, it is because some one else, not his wife, attends to them, and prevents, by care and cleans? ing, his tailor's bill from being nearly twice what it ought to be. That this woman, by her thriftieraness, extrava? gance, and unfaithfulness, is spending money that does not belong to her is self evident. Just so much money at the grocer's and the butcher's and the haber? dasher's as will carry on the housekeep? ing suitably and without waste she has authority to spend ; so much she may fairly say is hers; in spending it she spends what, inasmuch as it has been intrusted to her for that purpose, she has a right to spend. But with every dollar that is laid out on account of her want of volum oversight and care, on account of lawless tbriftlessness better things are expected of her, she by so much exceeds her prov? ince, and is therein spending the money that does not belong to her.?Harper's Bazar. A Dependent Citizen, The following true story is told of a well-known member of the bar in Alle? gheny County, New York, than whom there never lived a gentler, kindlier spirit. With his scholarship attainments and profound knowledge of legal lore, he possessed the simple, dependent nature of a child, and, it may be added, a child's otter guilelessness and faith in his kind. His wife, fortunately for the worldly success of the pair, was shrewd and practical in a marked degree; upon her strong independence of character Judge C. leaned heavily, except within the domain of his profession, where curiously enough, his opinions were singularly prompt and infallible. In the domestic and social circles, however, he deferred to Mrs. C. in the simplest matters, and so habitual had this state of things become that it did not occur to either of them that there was anything unusual in it. From donning his winter flannels to leading a card at the whist table he never pretended to get without "Helen's" sanction and advice. But one day be showed his condition of mental servitude in a really astonish? ing way. He was suffering from tooth? ache, and his wife sent him to the village dentist for relief. Obediently he went, got into the chair, and opened his mouth for the preliminary examination. "Which tooth is it aches, judge ?" inqnired the dentist, poising the forceps. There was a moment's hesitation; then the judge sat up from his reclining position, and looking innocently at the dentist, said, in all good faith, "Well, now, I don't know; I'll go home and ask Helen." A Broken Violin. Some years ago, before Mr. ?. P. Lu gand moved from South Carolin to Georgia, he bad in his employ a German who grew sick, moved away and left in payment of a small amount of borrowed money an old violin. The violin was in a terribly dilapidated condition?strings gone, no keys, no bridge, nothing but the box. In this condition it was battered about, unnoticed, and was finally moved to Georgia as part of a lot of plunder. Nothing was thought of the old instru? ment irutil an Italian stroller came along, who saw the violin, examined it and pro? nounced it of the very finest make. Mr. Lugand thought of course the fellow was jesting and offered him the old thing for fifty cents. The stroller couldn't "ante," so Mr. Lugand kept the fiddle. Some weeks after Mr. Lugand received a letter from a New Orleans music dealer saying he had heard of the instrument and would give him sixty-five dollars for it. No one will he surprised that he jumped at the proposition and expressed it to the music dealer. A few days after brought another letter from a New York-dealer offering him $100 for the now wonderful instrument. Mr. Lugand promptly wrote the New Orleans dealer to reship it to him. The dealer did so and Mr. Lugand had his violin again. The night before be was to ship it to New York it had been left in^the shop, and when Mr. Lugand came down next morning a ter : rible disaster had taken place. The fiddle had been broken by a saw. With a Bad heart he wrote the dealer, who said in reply that he would still give him twenty-five dollars for the pieces if the back was not broken. It is needlees to say the pieces were shipped. A check was sent in i&tmxx.?MilledgeviUe Chronicle. Cotton Crop Nearly all In* Washington, Feb. 11.?The cotton returns of the department of agriculture make the average close of the picking season six days later than last year on account of the later maturity of the crop and.frequent rains. In many counties in the Southwest the crop has not yet been folly harvested. Careful consolidation of returns make the. proportion marketed 84.3 per cent, the averages of States being as follows: Virginia 83, North Carolina 84, South Carolina 85, Georgia 86, Flori? da 87, Alabama' 85, Mississippi, 82, Lousiana 83, Texas 85, Arkansas 84, Tennessee 83. The staple is shorter than last year, and there ii more discolored and trashy fibre! The eaterpillar M\$^oDi*mtt?tfn have been widely distributed,' but the destruction caused by them has been greatly limited by insecticide. Seed has been sold at 12 to 16 cents per buBhei near lines of railroad, mostly by tenants, proprietors finding it more valuable for feeding and fertilizing pur? poses. ? Last Friday night, near Evansville, Ind., Geo Heidell, a young farmer, disguised himself as a ghost and stepped from the roadside in front of William Tompkins, colored, who was returning from the woods with an axe on his shoul? der. The frightened negro, with a terrific blow, cut Heidell's head in two. This settles the question that ghosts are dan? gerous?to themselves. ? It has been discovered that a mov? ing cannon ball, ocenpying one-fortieth of a second in passing a given point, can be photographed. And science flaps its wings. When the motion of one James G. Elaine accepting the portfolio of state after it has been offered him can be pho tographed. then science will have some thing to crow about. ? In fashionable households, instead of the parents Bending out announce? ments of the latest family addition, the new comer announces himself or herseli by a tiny visiting card?the date of the birth and the address following the name. ? Pennsylvania's troops will predomi? nate in the next inauguration-day parade at Washington, as they did in the last It is said that 7000 Pennsylvaoians wil be in line. ? As a toilet article, Ayer's Hah Vigor stands unrivaled. It cleanses the scalp and removes dandruff, cures itching humors, restores the - original color t( faded and gray hair, and promotes it) growth. E XXIV.- -NO. 33,4 All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? Never despair; lost hope is a f!^ disease. of 4 ? The Hebrew population York is estimated at 120,000. . I ? A good conscience before' God is a tower of strength to tho soul. ? Never judge a man by the coat be wears. It may be a borrowed one. '< ? The bank that pays the farmer . the biggest interest is the mannrejarakWi,^ ? In 1888, in the United States, 34,? 000,000 pounds of oleomargarine .were made. ? A piano is being built at the Stein? way factory at Hamburg which is to cost $36,000. 'Z'r% ? The Missouri Alliance proposes.,t? organize a bagging factory with a capital of$500,000. ... ? One -American manufacturer of pasfl balls employs 500 hands and keeps 40,000 dozen balls in 6tock. ~ V^H ? It is said that'EfjPreaident Jeffer? son Davis and President-elect Harrison are distantly related. . :?H ? Louisiana furnishes alone one seventh of our sugar. Her crop in 1888 was 300,000,000 pounds. ? In England there is one pauper to every thirty-two of population. - In the United States there is one to five hundred and sixty-five of population. ? It is estimated that the liquor traffic costs the United States Government sev? enteen dollars for every dollar it receives from that source as revenue. ". v . ? The cotton mills of the country have 13,000,000^ spindles] ^gainsirll^.obo eight years ago, a growth considerSbj^ larger than that of population. ? Josh Billings found one thing thai money cannot buy, and that is the wag'of a dog'i tail. It is an honest expression pi opinion on the part of the dog. ? Nearly fifty-two thousand immi? grants from Sweden and Norway landed at New York in one week recently'seven thousand more than from Ireland. ' . ? It is against the law in Mexico for.a man to read a newspaper aloud in public; It is a good law. NoJLonejnau in lOj??l) can read aloud without boring~eVex|j to death. ? The man who is right needn't < for apperance. All things for .oral will be found in the end to have wori toward victory; courageous hopefalness; is rightfully his. ? An India rubber horse shoe, cpus&# ting of a rubber bottom fitting, over or around frog and hoof, with a projecting rim, is a recent invention for which; im? portant advantages are claimed; ' - ? A singular accident happened at Albany, N. Y., recently. A. horse being ridden was suddenly paralyzed and^ts hoofs gave way turning up to its fetiocks; while the horse came down on its ankle bones. . .jz^ ? After a hard rain at the site of old Andersonville Prison it is easy to colic trinkets worn by Union soldiers wi were confined in the prison, letters with U. S. on it were: there the other day. ? The greatest depths of the which sounding has been taken is Pf coast of Japan. The water at tl is five miles deep, and cn the; even at that enormous, depth,i -traced animal life have been found. ? There'is a great deal of romance in real life. Matthias. Legendre, a educated German, has been working farm hand near Noiristown^Pj^A days ago an uncle living in Alle Pa., died and left Legendre $10O,C ? Indiscriminate kissing bet* ladies on the street and in publ is ridiculous and fast growing into pute among ladies of refinement, your friend, if you will, at parting, not all of her friends who may be her. ? If a bo:c six feet ddfp/rj with sea water and the water allowed ' evaporate in the sun, there would be h inches of salt left at the bottom. Taking the average depth of the ocean to b| three miles, there would be a layer pj pure salt 230 feet thick on the AtlantiS ? Nothing remains of the once famonj English settlement of Jamestown, Va; begun in 1607, save the ruins of a churcl tower, and this is crumbling yearbyyear Tree roots have cracked the monuments. slabs in the churchyard, and thus one o; the few localities recalling tho first year: of American history is slowly losmgr in? distinctive features. ? Oscar Moore, a blind negro jiOEjial quite four years ofyegl%~ is the" j^nlhfuU^wjdigyV Little Moore ] memory that Macaulay might have e vied. He can recite poems and sing sbhji in English, German, and Danish. .HI parents are very ordinary negroes, am the wonder is where he learned all tha he knows ? Harper's Bazar. Wm ? "The President-elect is not a rid man," says a correspondent, hardly what would be called^ He has a good income, and he has ] a little money; but he has had so ms calls upon his purse' that he is position to become very.beavily int in Washington real estate?atl he has drawn a salary from the ; ment for a year or two." ? The Governor has offered a%l$, of ?200 for the apprehension and deE? to the sheriff of Abbeville of the; er or murderers of Milton Wil was shot down in his house known party on the night < 5, near Ninety Six, in Abbevi Williams was the only in that township and he-i ing up some revenue caa believed ho was killed byf|_ revenue law who were afrafdafi ported by him. It is understood* reward will be suppJenentedh//if zena of Ninety Sir.'. - , Sjrop??g?i; Is the delightful liquid IsxaS the only, jime remedy jauB on a weak or inactive wndltion^^ kidneys, liver, and'bowels: it'll pleasant remedy to take, both tolitil yooDg;ititis gentlein its action i, effective; it is acceptable to thestomac and strengthens the organs on which; , acte Manufactured only by thaCUift Ul. ForSale by Simpson, ^ ^ highW well-t