Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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r iMESCALES & LANGSTON. FINE CHINA AND GLASSWARE, C^BOTH GERMAN and FRENCH IMPORTATIONS. alking Canes, a hundred styles, MaxfclerWalnut and Enameled Clocks, St?rlingafid Silver Plated Ware* J&k and Nickel Watched ; ^^^/^.j6^jx&b ?mtseethe IbeauW?i linesof new and useful Noveltfes fte 'added, to our already Attractive Stock. Our desire is to make oar stock coiti ' the above lines, and supply a demand that has long existed for these goods. ^^^^e^our^Mr;' J.M.Habbard has- spferit Several weeks in New York, lave a< plete in iK?jtb^nd v^kitig-first bands', and perfecting arrangements that*enable us to compete with any ;;'JttHise.411 the State. New supply of N, G. B. Rings. ? jr?UN Hi. HUBBARD & BR?. 1NGH?M BROS. Are occtipyfrtg their New and Ccrnmo?io?s Store Room, and ' are every day receiving new and attractive addi . ' ttons to their complete Stock of W0op?s|:N?i?ons, H?ts, Boots and Shoes, Hard and Groceries. :%ier'ar^^ The "Woman Head Flour," yon ^l^\v^f?aliead"?<)f alL . ^ W "Kinds./ ' . TheFinest Teas, Roasted Coffee and Cream Cheese, &c We guarantee satisfaction "^^^^P?l?andQ?ALITY.. . ^ ; Tho'politest.'attention to all.' Come to see.*, and we will make you comfortable rhlle with n^;and.send jpu home happy, .?Ypur'frienda, . SepilS,.'1583 CUNNINGHAM BROS. 10 ???y>rr- sm We beg leave to call your attention to oar IMMENSE STOCK OF GROCERIES, FLOUR, BACON, ? SALT, BRAN, ? . And EVERYTHING kept in s First Claas Grocery Store. We have realized the need of an exclusive Grocery Store in Anderson, and have gone into this business with expectations of profit both to ourselves and the public AH we ask is an inspection of our Goods and prices before purchasing.' . : > - We claimTto carry the largest Stock in this linein the City, pay cash, and of course can sell CHEAP.. . - We expect to have a large Warehouse built in the rear of onr Store, as the Store we occupy is entirely too small to hold our goods. ^ah Make our Store headquarters when you come to Town. "^Sr* We mall? Tobacco oni? Leader i , Sept 6. 1888 wm@i?Mm lig-ojst. anderson machine works, K. P. DIWER, Proprietor, iil:-iijyiira 11 its 1 icfliuY, ?d ?aler in Maclrine Supplies. IHAVE always on hand STEAM ENGINES, COTTON GINS, and other Ma? chinery for sale. ../ ^^naye just got'confrol of the best SPARK ARRESTER on the market. Come' -?ad lookatit. ' . ^ .. I am prepared to work on your Gins, Steam Engines, Saw Mills?in fact, everything m the Machinery line. I am well, supplied vrith good workmen, and am alwaya ready to do your work. ~- , ; '* - I alsohave a First Class- BEAGKSMITH SHOP att?chea to the Machine Work?, where your horse can be shod, your wagons and buggies mended and your plantation work done. ^rSSI keop on band a fall supply of INJECTORS, BRASS GOODS and ENGINE ?FITTINGS; Come and see for yourself what l am doing ?T ANDERSON S. C. ::\;:; August30,1888 .8 COMPLETE IN GENERAL MERCHANDISE. E. W. BROWN & SONS. w E are now open and ready for tu sic wa in the two NEW STORE ROOMS ADJOINING THE MASONIC BUILDING. Bagging and Ties, Bacon, Hams, Flour, ?Sugar, Coffee, ;Lard, Canned Fruits, Canned Meats, Crackers, Candies, &c. Staple Dry Goods, Jeans, Homespun, Shirting, Sheeting, , Flannels, Blankets, Boots and Shoes, Hats and Caps, &c. &c. -"? We guarantee First Class Goods, reasonable prices, prompt, polite and courte *?i|jCi^ and want yon to give.us a trial. ^6arii>^ E.: W.TJrown will be in the Cotton Market, baying strictly for CASH. ? TO THE LADIES. Preparations for Dinners made easy by calling on us. We keep everything on oee^.';Goods delivered to any part of the City without extra charge. A large assortment of LACES, RIBBONS, SILKS, &c, at and below COST. Sept 6/1888: E. W. BROWN & SONS. MOVED; FOR FRUIT JARS AND DRUG STORE MOVED TO REED'S BUILDING, Main Street, New Railroad Bridge. JELLY TUMBLERS 00 xo WILHITE & WILHITE'S, O Granite Row, ANDERSON, S. C. J. G. CLLNKSCALES, Editor. VALEDICTORY. With thia issue of the Intelligencer oiir connection with the Teachere' Col? umn will cease. Our resignation of the office of School Commissioner to take effect on the 20th inst., has already been sent to Governor Richardson and ac? cepted. We go to a new and untried field of labor. In taking leave of the people of Anderson County, especially the teachers, we do so with the hope that we may again one day be a .citizen of the grand bid County. Our term of four years as School Commissioner has been most delightful. We bave received nothing at the hands of the people of Anderson but kindness. Though we have differed in opinions, and, though at times these differences bave led to hot words, still in the midst of all, we bave received tbe kindest treatment. - We bave been considered by some too advanced in our ideas for tbe times. What we have advocated and fought for has been, in our humble judgment, for the best interests of tbe children intrusted to us, and for whom we bave sworn to think and fight. ' We have acted accord' ing to the best lights before us, and bave tried at all times to act independently. Many good men think that we have in several instances acted the fool; we know with equal certainty that they have played the fool beyond the shadow of a I doubt. We have no apologies to make for anything we have done. If we bave any regret, it is that we have not been even more progressive and aggressive than we have been. As we take it, the School Commissioner must be a leader. We have tried to lead. We are willing to leave it to the people of Anderson to decide as to whether we have succeeded or m>t. ? During our rounds among tbe schools, we have never yet' failed, to find the highest degree of hospitality among our people. The latch strings have been hanging outside the doors all over An? derson County. We have slept in the elegant homes of the rich and in the less pretentious cottages of the poorer classes; we have found that unaffected Carolinian j hospitality as marked in tbe one as in the other. To the good women of Anderson County who have never been too tired or too busy to prepare a warm meal for the weary School Commissioner, we lift our .hat with all tbe politeness we'can com? mand. The teachers of Anderson County have treated us with uniform kindness and respect. We shall ever have a warm place in our heart for those teachers who have worked so faithfully for the good of the children committed to them. With very few exceptions, the teachers of this County are striving to elevate themselves and elevate humanity. Some few we have never been able to touch. . We might put our hands on a few who have been obstinate, or indifferent, or stupid, or all. We bave been unable to drive them from their shells. They attend no Associations, go to no Insti? tutes, read no educational journals. That tells tbe tale for any man or woman who will pursue that course very long. They bury themselves and draw in tbe clods after tbem. But we have quarreled quite enough about these things. Tbe future will demonstrate tbe folly or the wisdom of our course in those matters. We would not close this article with? out making one more plea for tbe chil? dren of Anderson County. Give ihe lit? tle ones the advantages you owe them as their parents. There are some duties you owe to your children that no other can discharge. It is your duty, Chris tian or not, to give your child every day's schooling you can afford. Have you done it ? Are'you doing it ? My friend, that's the question that now stares you in the face?what Bay you ? We have an abundant crop this year. I wonder if any attempt will be made to improve tbe condition of tbe school houses this fall. Do you propose to g??t desks for your children ? Why not ? h it indifference or penurinusnesB that makes you neglect your school bouses in spi'e of all tbe fuss that is made about then ? Well, if it is either, may the Lord have mercy on your children. It is our purpose to keep posted as to tbe educational matters in Anderson County. Mr. Russell Bays be will keep up the Teachers' Column. We are glad to hear that, and Bhall read it with peculiar pleasure. Now let me beg tbe teachers to help Mr. Russell more than they helped me. Some of the teachers ?vere thoughtful and gave us considera? ble help; others we have not beard from yet. With tbe best wishes for tbe future of the schools of Anderson County, we are, Respectfully, J. G. Clinkscales. Miss Bettie Earle gives us a thoughtful and timely article this week on the use of newspapers in schools. Read what Miss Earle says and try her plan. We have tried a similar one. It works well. Tour want of enterprise may result in making school work repulsive to many children. Try the use of newspapers. Use tbem discreetly. Tbe Belton Male and Female Academy had a very flattering opening on the 10th inst. MBjor E. T. Kemp, of Greenville, is principal, and tbe indications are that the Academy will have a year of unpre? cedented success. Major Kemp has bad several years of experience as a teacher, and is well up on the best methods of instruction. Tbe good people of Belton are to be congratulated on having secured the services of so competent a man, And so Major Kemp may consider him? self fortunate in his selection of a ichool. He is now in the midst of a delightful community, and supported by men who are both able and willing to bold up bis 8rms. Th^-Anderson County^T-eachers' Associatifjj will have quite an acqusition when /3v*jot Kemp's name is enrolled. We tr/.'-' c that Major Kemp is finding bis work' pleaeant apd profitable, and tbat DERSON, S. C., THl his sojourn within tbe bounds of Ander? son County may be for the good of all concerned. Mb. Editor : As the time for begin? ning school is approaching, we will tell you about our class of large boys and girls; not having readers to class them properly, and believing that reading is ono of tbe branches that should never be omitted in tbe common schools, we asked each one of tbem to bring tbe Anderson Intelligencer to read in school. We selected that paper because we could get more of tbem than of any other. We select the best part of the paper, dividing it into five lessons. ' We do not allow them to read in school any crimes, murders; love stories, or any? thing that will not instruct as well aa interest. We do not require tbem to study tbe lesson, but read just as though they were reading for their own enter? tainment. We find that they take more interest in their reading lessons than they did when they used the fourth and fifth read? ers that they had read over and over. They like the "Teachers' Column" and the "Locals" the first, and are always pleased to read a piece from "Bill Arp." We find two great benefits from reading newspapers in school. First} we encour? age the pupils to read the papers which we all acknowledge as great educators. Second, we teach tbem. to select good reading from that which will not in? struct; and tbe information is all "fresh," being the ."news of the day," which we know is more interesting than the books which have grown "stale," as it will with frequent readings. We would prefer a religious newspaper,' pro? vided all connected with the school were of one denomination. We advise other teachers to try reading papers in school, believing tbey will be pleased with tbe results. A. E. Eable. Poisoned by Toadstools. Thomas Lacy, a native of Ireland, died Monday night at Wood's fish pond near the city, from tbe effects of eating poison? ous mushrooms which he had mistaken for. the edible variety. Tbe deceased came to Greenville a stranger about two months ago, and since that time he has been staying with Will T. Wood,, athial house near the ponds. He was a man'of [ great native intelligence; bad travelled eztensvely and displayed evidences of & fine education. He was a pleasing con? versationalist, and bad made a number I of friends in the neigborhood where he stayed. He was about 40 years of age. Mr. Lacy bad several times declared that be believed the muBhroons be found growing in the neighborhood of the fish ponds were the same as those so much esteemed by epicures as the moat testbe tic and refined article of food, but be bad been named by the negroes ou the place that tbe mushroou*. which they called "toadatoolf," were poisonous. Last Thursday, however, he determiued to test the matter and accordingly gathered some of the growth, bad tbem cooked and ate them. At-midnight that night be became very ill. A doctor .was sum? moned and symptoms of poisoning soon developed* which the physician traced directly to the mushrooms that had been eaten. The victim of the experiment suffered on till Monday night when he died. The body was buried at Laurel Creek Baptist church yesterday afternoon with appropriate funeral exercises conducted by the Rev. W. J. Randolph. Mr. Wood will communicate with tbe family of tbe dead man.?Greenville News, Sept. 19 Information or lKctiowan's Sharpshoot? ers-. Columdia, Sept. 14 ?The following letter has been received by Mr. David Moore, of Columbia, from Captain W. S. Dunlop, State Auditor of Arkansas: "I bave been engaged for some time in writing up the campaigns of the battalion of tbe sharpshooters of McGonan's Bri? gade and bave about completed tbe first draft, which will bave to be revised and rewritten before publication. I regret that I.can not recall tbe names of the gallant corps, and have concluded to write to you and every sharpshooter that can hear of in order to supply this deficiency. I want you to put on your studying cap and gather up every name you can, and send tbe list to me, with tbe rank and post office address of each, if living; and the date and circumstances of the death, if dead, that I may be able to make a roll of the whole command. Every man of the battalion was a hero, and his name should be embalmed in the history of our struggle. Do this, and let me hear from you without delay. If you remember an incident connected with our campaigns where any of our men behaved with distinguished gallantry or performed any feat of daring in any of our numerous fights, I would like to bave them. "Sergeant B. K. Benson, of Brunson'd company, calls to see me very often. He is a drummer, and lives in Dallas, Texas. Dr. L. K. Robertson, another member of the battalion from Abbeville, is living in Scott county, this State. I spent two nights and a day with him last May. Ho is a successful physician, and has accu? mulated a good property in Scott county. These are the only Sharpshooters I know fin Arkansass. I would like to have a re union of tbe battalion, what do you think of it?" Any information responsive to the foregoing letter may be sent to Mr. David Moore, Columbia, S. C, or Capt. W. S. Dunlop,LittleRock, Arkansas.?Charles ton World. ? When symptoms of malaria appear, in any form, take Ayer's Ague Cure. It will prevent a development of the germs of disease, and eradicate them from the system. A cure is warranted in every instance. ? We can finish nothing in this life; but we may make a beginning, and be? queath a noble example. ? When tbe system is debilitated- by disease, it should be strengthened and renewed with Ayer's Sarsaparilla. ThiB medicine invariably proves itself worthy of all that can be said in its favor. Sold by druggists and dealers in medicines. Price $1. Six bottleB, f5. JESDAY MORNING TERRACING ON THE FARM. Hillside Bitching Helps to Wash Away the SoU. At' the recent Farmers' State Encamp? ment at Spartanburg the following paper was read by Mr. W. K. Blake, of Green? ville, S. C: Mr. President and Gentlemen : I can? not hope to do more than present a few ideas for the purpose of eliciting discussion on a most important subject?one which literally involves the presefvation of our lands; and tbe consequent prosperity and destiny of the people. I conceive that it would be going beyond the scope of tbe duty assigned me were I to enter into a detailed statement of all tbe relations and consequences connected with it; and hence, that I may restrain myself within proper limits, and give point to tbe discussion of practical issues, which is to follow, and which will constitute tbe main feature of interest in this hour's proceedings, I beg to submit for your consideration tbe following brief address, on the subject of terracing, A terrace is defined to be an elevated level space of earth supported on one or more sides by a wall or bank of earth, and is used for cultivation or a walk. In a more restricted Bense, and in its practical application to agriculture, we may define it to be an elevated level ridge of earth extending horizontally across a field, the purpose of which is to retain the soil, and to prevent it washing away. In this sense it is an exceedingly simple contri? vance, the value and efficiency of which do not at first sight appear to the casual observer, since it requires time to restore to the surface that condition which the lapse of time has served to destroy. The terrace is an important factor in the reformation of Southern Agriculture. It is the turning point from Which we are to begin its restoration, and before we can fully comprehend its importance we must consider the conditions precedent as well as those subsequent to its introduction. History tells us that in the primitive state of this country our forests were covered with a dense growth of wild' pea vines and cane, affording the richest pas. turage for the herds of deer and buffalo with which it abounded. The forest timber was abundant and of the finest quality, embracing all the varieties known to exist in our Southern lands, and a virgin soil unsurpassed in fertility. Our brooks and rivulets were deep and as clear as crystal, and fish were abundant. No fairer lands could be found anywhere. Such was their primitive state. What a contrast when compared with tbe pres? ent! With the axe of the husbandmen this luxuriant growth has been cleared away with impatient haste and destroyed till now there is comparatively little original forest left to decorate and beauti? fy tbe face of nature. Under the opera? tions of tbe ploughshare tbe virgin soil has been wasted and exhausted by a pro? cess of incessant depletion?cutting down and wearing out?till this once fertile and productive land presents tbe appearance of an almost barren waste. Tbe once clear waters of tbe limpid streams have become mingled with tbe soil from tbe adjacent hillsides, and their channels are well nigh filled up. The reward of the husbandmen has steadily decreased in a like proportion, till now tbe fields yield a scanty increase where they formerly gave a lavish return for the labor bestowed upon them; the denuded hilltops and undulating surface, scarred with gullies, present a vivid pic ture of the criminal neglect and abuse of a land unsurpassed in the variety and value of its products and salubrity of its climate. Scarcely more than the lapse of a century has sufficed to witness so great transformation on the face of our country and under the same practices of our peo? ple whocan contemplate with indifference the result of the next hundred years? How far this state of things is traceable as a blighting curse upon us, to the insti? tution of slavery, it is not now our pur? pose, nor would it be profitable to inquire. It is enough for us to realize tbe facts as they exist, and adjust ourselves to the remedy. During this period of destruction and exhaustion it was early seen that some? thing must be done to arrest it, and in the absence of a better remedy the hillside ditch was resorted to, but only to acceler? ate and aggravate the evil, for who has not observed the irreparable damage resulting from tbe washing of the soil into the ditch from the upper side, till the entire surface for the space of rods has been carried away, leaving nothing but tbe barren clay, presenting tbe appear? ance of a vast ulcer on the face of na? ture. Instead of arresting the evil, the bill side ditch, as it is ordinarily constructed, only facilitates tbe escape of tbe soil with the water. They are usually bo injudi? ciously constructed that they wash out into unsightly gullies, which tbe proprie? tor is more anxious to arrest and fill up than he was to originate. In such a a dilemma, therefore, the husbandmen findBhimselfsorely troubled. If he makes no attempt to prevent it his soil will soon wash away, and yet tbe means he employs to check the evil tends greatly to aggra? vate it. At this critical period the terrace is introduced, and affords the only remedy by which to arrest the procesB of destruc? tion and waste. The object dee'red to be be accomplished is to retain in tbe field every particle of soil with its iugredients and the way in which that is to be done is apparently simple enough?erect a barrier to prevent its escape. We do not mean to say that there are no cir? cumstances or conditions under which the hillside ditch should be used. On the contrary, on steep hillsides, and where the water accumulates in large volume, tbe ditch is indispensable, as the least of two evils, if constructed with the proper grade ; but, as a rule, the rapidity with which tbe waters passed into and through a ditch carries with it tbe ingredients it has gathered up, while tbe terrace ar? rests its progress and allows the water to deposit its sediment. We hold that no field can be benefited by tbe water passing over it. Terraces are a pystem of dame that hold the water in check and prevent it gathering in vol? umes so rapidly, but damages are sustain? ed so long sb plant food is taken up in solution, and taken out in the field along , SEPTEMBER 27, 1 with the soil. We are far from asserting that everything that is called a terrace exemplifies the value af euch a contri? vance. A few years ago an agent visited Abbeville and the adjoining counties of this State for the purpose of introducing a terraceing instrument. It was the first time the subject had been brought to the attention of our farmers, and he found little difficulty in inducing them to un? dertake the terracing of their lands. With a glib tongue and his skill in the management of his instrument, as well as the plough, and with a crnel emphasis in his reference to the exigencies of the case, he presented.a picture which confirmed to their minds every excellence claimed for the terrace and the future blessings to result from it. Soon large areas were' terraced, when I suddenly the heavy rains descended, the I terraces were all broken and in conse? quence the lands were severely washed as they never had been before, and it was probably well for the personal comfort of the terracing machine agent that he was out of reach. With them the subject of terracing is not popular. The truth is thai; terraces, as they are usually con? structed, are not to be relied on till the weeds and grass have made a sod; then they become dams and permit the water to pass over without washing them away. When they get into this condition, which is naturally at the end of the first or sec? ond year, their benefits begin to be real? ized. Until then they will require repairs and are liable to result in immense dam? age at any time. Terraces should be laid off on unbroken land when practicable, so as to have a hard basis on which to build. Experience has shown that the proper fall between terraces should be about three feet. A common rafter level is all the instrument needed to locate it; no great engineering instrument, such as is used in measuring mountain heights or on mountain surveys, is required. Perhaps the best precaution in aid of the terrace, while it is being established and undergoing the test of the first year or two, is the terrace ditch. When water starts at the upper end of a long slope and passes over a succession of terraces and arrives at the lower end gathering volume in its descent all the while, though the terrace may stand, yet the land will undoubtedly be damaged. The terrace or . horizontal ditch, with about two inches fall in twelve feet, Ioca cated midway betwen the upper and low? er terrace lines, will aid in preventing this. But the most fruitful source of disaster to the newly made terrace is its insuffi ?ciency and incompleteness. The theory or central idea of the terrace is tbat the intervening space between its upper'and lower boundaries be level. If experience and obserration teach tbat three feet is the proper fall between the terrace lines, then it is obvious that the lower lines should not be less than one and a half feet high with a corre? sponding width of base. The water would not run over a terrace. If they were thus constructed, and the rows horizontalized, we would have no broken terraces. The practice, on the contrary, is to do little more than mark off the direction in which they should run by throwing together a few furrows of earth with the plough, and this is called a terrace. We actually in? vite failure and destruction by the insig? nificance of its proportions; just tbat style of work and inefficiency which character? izes most of the operations oc our South* em farms. It is proposed to level a plat of land which has a fall of three feet between the upper and lower sides, and to do this we construct with a plow a level ridge of earth about eight inches high by sixteen inches broad at the base, and if it fails to do the work of an embankment, which L-hould be at least two feet high by three feet wide, we abandon the work and pro? nounce it a 'failure. No terrace is suffi? cient over which the water flows, for though the terrace itself may not be bro? ken, yet the accumulated water flowing over the plat below cannot fail to damage tbe land. ? The preservation of the soil, and not tbe terrace, is the object desired, and hence accumulated water should not be permited to flow over it. It is urged as an objection to the terrace that the water accumulating against the lower terrace line makes the land two wet and drowns out the growing crop. If this were true in theory or practice it would be but a slight objection. We cannot hope to receive unmitigated benefits from all we undertake, even as a remedial measure. We should submit to temporary inconvenience or loss for the sake of lasting good when it is accom? plished. But it is an imaginary evil. At the period of the year when there are growing crops so much water is required and evaparation is so rapid that there need be no apprehension of damage from this source on any land sufficiently roll? ing to require the construction of a ter? race. The -terrace, when once permanently established, impairs additional value to the land, both real and conventional. When the farmer feels that he is secure in the possession of his soil against tbat process of waste which is as fatal of his soil against that process of waste which U as fatal to his interests as are the inexor? able demands of an unsatisfied mortgage, he views it with increased satisfaction. Each terrace plat becomes the special object of his care and attention. He be? stows his labor upon it freely and cheer? fully. It is practically the application ol the intensive system of farming, and car? ries with it all its benefits. Let the bleak and barren hilltcps be encircled with proper terraces, and under the influ? ence of the air, water and heat they may again become fruitful, with little expen? diture of time and money, adding vegeta? ble mold by the use of the peavine first, then rye, (or oats is better,) then clover, Tbe hillsides, now scarred and furrowed with gullies, may again become the favorite resorl of grazing herds, and th< whole surface of our once fertile anc productive country may be again reclaim? ed, and made to yield an abundant bar vest. We do not wish to be understood as teaching that the terrace is a panacet for all the farmers' ilia; that its con 888. struction will relieve him from other re? quirements which he is bound to observe at his peril. An accurate observer has said .hat very few countries in the wide world afford better advantages for making an easy living than in the Southern States. This is a truth so well known that It is useless to repeat it. If the present condition of the agricultural class is not generally what it ought to be, the fault lies in the defective system of raising crops, in the want of knowledge to avoid washage and in tbe absence of wisdom to provide for the future. In connection with the terrace a supreme effort should be made to find the best means to preserve onr lands from exhaustion, renovating the soil by a thorough system of manuring and rotation of crops, and enriching tbe list of our agricultural articles with the introduction of new and remunerative ones. Experience has shown that we cannot, under any circumstances, or any system of rotation whatever, continue to raise useful crpps on any land for a length of time unless we return to it/ in the shape of manure, a part, at least, of tbe ingredi? ents which the crops have abstracted from it. With very few exceptions tbe largest portion of tillable high lands is nearly exhausted, under a destructive system of continuously raising the same crops on the same ground, with hardly any helping ingredients returned to the soil. We cannot very much longer afford to lose Bight of this very seriouB fact, for un? less proper steps are taken to provide a remedy our lands that are not already wasted away will .soon become worn out almost beyond recuperation. There are natural laws that govern tbe uae of soil as they do that of animal and vegetable life, and we cannot ignore them with im? punity. We must husband the resources of our soil by a proper system of rotation of crops and protect our land by thorough terracing, applying to our fields all the manure we possibly can obtain. Failing to do this, tbe time will surely come when we will have to yield to the inexor? able law that no laud will remain permanently fertile unless there be re turned to it regularly the mineral ingre? dients which successive crops have with? drawn. When we avail ourselves of the full natural resources of soil elements and products with which God has blessed us and when to these natural advantages we have added the appliances of modern agricultural science, the South will have attained a prosperity that shall make her a marvel among tbe nations of the earth. In our bumble judgment, tbe terrace is tbe basis on which we are to build our success, for it alone secures to us the permanent use of our soil, and, having secured that, it is for us to determine whether we will improve or abuse it. Senators may discuss the great question of the tariff, or tbe relative condition of South Carolina in tbe days of 76 and '88, but of what avail is that if tbe very sands of the soil, from which comes the support of the people, are rapidly passing away from beneath their feet. It is a graver question than that of finance and trade. This question of tbe preservation and restoration of our soil is tbe question of tbe hour and demands tbe attention of tbe patriot, statesman and philanthropist of every rank, from the highest dignitary to the humblest son of toil. Is it true that tbe State is to be a victim to that irra? tional and obstinate trait of people's character by which they will not adopt any measure of general reform untii necessity forces it upon them ? ' I ehall offer no apology for uttering a sound Presbyterian doctrine in a good Metho? dist community, that when wisdom and prudence have failed to serve Jhem a beneficent Providence will hedge in a people and compel them to adopt measures essential to their preservation. We have a forcible illustration of this truth in the recent history of this State. Tbe stock law was adopted, only when they found it impossible otherwise to protect their fields, when, as an economic measure, it should have been adopted fifty years earlier. Let not that same want of wisdom and prudence operate in this instance. Let the State agricultural bureau and the South Carolina Agricul? tural and Mechanical Society press this matter with all possible zeal, by offering Buch inducements for reclaiming wasted lands as will command tbe attention of tbe people. If not the surface soil of the Piedmont region will, in the period of the next hundred years, lie upon tbe bosom of tbe lower country, and we will become dependent upon their benefi? cence, if,, indeed, we will not have im? poverished them with our red clay, or submerged them beneath a flood of turbid waters. Tho people of that country are now complaining of the rapidity with which our waters are flowing down upon them n irresistible fury, and filling up the channels of their rivers and causing them to overflow and produce destructive fresh? ets. They cannot protect themselves against this evil, because they cannot reach its source. Tbe obligation is upon us of the highlands to remedy the evil by discharging our dc'v to ourselves, to our neighbors, to posurity and to tbe State in this vital matter. While tbe lower country needs a thorough system of drainage tbe highlands have bee- and are still being drained too much. They need protection, and if not in tbe sense f a high tariff, yet it is a protection of' far greater consequence, by which they shall be preserved at home and made to fulfil tbe ends for which they were or? dained by the Lord of all the earth'in the hands of His people, His intelligent agents. One of the greatest obstacles in the way of adopting this needed reform is tbe superabundance and, as a consequence, tbe cheapness of our land-). A false idea of economy induces the land owner to cultivate a far greater area than he is able to manage, except in tbe most su? perficial, and hence unprofitable, manner. But should the extent of our territory excuse the folly of our practice ? By no means. Put your lands in a condition of preservation from washing rains; fill up all the gullies already existing with the convenient pine tops, another evidences of Providential care and good* VOLUME ness, and let them remain for the occu? pancy of your children, who are spring? ing up as olive plants all over the State. Our sons and daughters are the immi? grants (and they are coming into the country very fast, and the' more the better,) in whom lies the germ of the future greatness of the South; and what better heritage can you leave them and what grander vocation can they engage in ? The professions of to day other than the ministry and its handmaid, tbe professor's chair, dwindle into insignifi? cance when compared to the length, breadth and depth of tbe influence per? taining to and practice of the farm. It lays under tribute a vast range of knowl? edge. It is a field for the scientist, the philosopher, the artist, the mechanic, and in a sense for tbe lawyer and physician, but above all, it Is eminently conducive to tbe moral elevation and development of a people's character. If I have failed to impress upon you its importance, I have at least given you my conception of the necessity, design and value of the terrace. If I am in error, either as to its construction, or ends to be attained by it, the obligation is on you to point it out and give us a better plan for the preservation of our lands. A Novel Airship. Philadelphia, Sept. 15.?Next Mon? day, at Rising Sun Park, Charles Augus? tus Kinsel, an ingenious young German living at Eighth and Chestnut streets, Camden, will attempt to ascend to the clouds and sail through the air in a mammoth airship which he is building in the rear of his home. It is a queer looking flying machine. Kinsel has utilized a four oared skiff as a car, fitting it with a rudder and wings The whole is to be buoyed up in the air by means of three balloons containing 35,000 cubic feet of gas. Kinsel's airship is surround? ed with a heavy wooden framework, above which are heavy iron stays and beams, to which an iron frame is fasten? ed. The balloons will be attached to this superstructure, which rises about six feet over the boat or car. Tbe rudder of the strange craft consists of an iron frame about four feet Fquare, over which will be strapped canvas. The wings on either side are designed both as a steering and propelling apparatus. They can be folded or shifted at the will of the navigator. On each side of tbe boat rise two masts about ten feet high. Sails will be spread from them to a very long bowsprit. In addition to the wings there is a paddle wheel on either side of the. boat. This latter device has been patented by Mr. Einsel, who thinks that the weight of bis airship, without ballast or cargo of any kind, will be about 1,500 pounds: tie expects to be able to carry up with him five or fix persons. He is confident of success. He explained to a reporter in broken 1 English and with the help of an inter? preter that be has experimented eight years on his machine, a large portion of bis work being done while serving as a soldier in Germany. ITe made several ascents there in tbe balloons attached to the imperial service. He thinks that he can attain a speed of from seventy to eighty miles an hour with his machine, and will be able to guide it in any direc? tion at will., His ballons are constructed of heavy canvas, and before besng inflat? ed will receive a coat of heavy paint, which will render them impervious to tbe gas. Kinsel will take with him three parachute?, with which !o descend to the ground in case of accident. He and his assistants have" been secretly working this airship for some time. Mr. Einsel has applied for patents covering every portion of his apparatus, and has forwarded a working model to Washington along with bis application. Married In Jail. Last Wednesday morning about half past 10 o'clock, Sheriff Richey told your correspondent that he had some import? ant business at tbe jail for him. We immediately proceeded to tbat place, not having any intimation of the purpose of our visit, and upon reaching the jail that official invited us to have a seat. In half an hour he, armed with tbe Methodist discipline, invited us to go up stairs with him, and in about two minutes a young man and lady stepped out of one of tbe cells, arm in arm, and presented them? selves before the sheriff and about twenty other persons to be married. The contract ing parties were L. C. Powell, who is serv? ing sentence,, and Miss Josephine Powell, of Rocky Bottom. The Sheriff with all the precision and pomp of a bishop read the Methodist ceremony and occasionally he would in interline with his own language. It was certainly a romantic marriage, as it was understood that the parties had intended to marry, but the groom was arrested, tried and sentenced to eighteen months in jail for violation of the revenue laws. Determined tbat Uncle Sam should not interfere with their happiness, the young woman came to tbe jail, and they were made husband and wife. Congratulations were extended by those present, wishing them a long, prosperous and happy life with a joyous heneymoon. ?PicJcena Letter to Easleg Messenger, ? For Dyspepsia and Liver Complaint you have a printed guarantee on every bottle of Shiloh's Vitalizer. It never fails to cure. For sale by Hill Bros. ? A machine for lacing shoes is a remarkable contrivance to be exhibited at the Buffilo fair. A machine for blacking boots will probably be tbe next invention. ? Shiloh's Cure will immediately relieve Croup, Whooping Cough and Bronchitis. For sale by Hill Bros. ? "What are the last teeth tbat come ?" asked a teacher of ber class in physiology. "False teeth, mum," replied a boy who bad just waked up on the back seat. ? "Hackmetack," a lasting and fra? grant perfume. Price 25 and 50 cents. For sale by Hill Bros. 4 ? To be rich is not to have wealth, it is only to have enough. ? A .Nasal Injector free with each bottle of Shiloh's Catarrh Remedy. Price 50 cents. For sale by Hill Bros. I XXIV.- -NO. 12. AU Sorts of Paragraphs. ? The aunual consumption of feathers in this country is 3,000,000 pounds. ? The railroad bridges in this country, if placed continuously, would reach from New York to Liverpool. ? A rise in coffee is reported. Evi? dently boarding house coffee is not meant that is generally too weak to rise. ? He that cannot forgive others breaks the bridge over which he must pass him- >|? self, for every man has need to be for-;..;< given. ? The papers are again printing a. . table by which to tell one's age. No woman will look at it. She doesn't want to know how to tell her age, and.she wouldn't tell it if she did know how|.{ ? Texas will furnish this year oldest voter in the United States. His name is Richard Kidd, and he is 11 years of age. Mr. Kidd's mind is de and his strength remarkable for one of his great age. ? A correspondent of the New Yorl Times estimates that at the present rate of increase the population of the United' States at the end of the twentieth century will be 1,168,466,942, v ith a ratio of #89 to every 640 acres of ground. ? Paper is now manufactured from seaweed, according to a process recentlj invented in Japan. The article made in this way is said to be so Btrong'as to be almo3t untearable; is sufficiently trans? parent to admit of its being used as window glass, and takes all colors about', equally well. ? Boston has eighty-three miles of : streets, and pays $450,000 a year to keep them clean. New York has 850 miles of : thoroughfare, and pays $1,200,000 for . cleaning tbem. Philadelphia claims to ; . have 306 miles' streets, and yet only allows $200,000 a year for cleaning them, v ?Chicago Times. ? There were gooseberries in the gar? . den, but she was forbidden to pluck themaB Pluck them she did. "Why didn't you," asked her mother, "when you were tempted to touch them say, 'Get thee behind me, Satan V " "I did," she said, _';.; earnestly, "and be got behind me and-. \ pushed me into the bush." ? Mrs. Cleveland has made many ad- ? ditiona to ber collection of pets at Oak . View this summer. Besides a pood!e, a , St. Bernard, a parrot, a canary-bird, a calf, two kittens^and a cow, she now has a tame fox, which was given her. at" - Marion, a small collection of white mice, two rabbits, and eight or nine pigeons. ? An inventive German devised a coffin for the convenience of. those, who have a dread of being buried alive. It is provided with a valve, by means of which fresh air is admitted in quantity sufficiengB to support life, and there is an arrange- . ment of wire3, by meanB of which thfflSH least movement of the body sets an elec? tric bell ringing. ? Mrs. Margaret Killman, of-Pros-. pect, Me., who, if she lives until the 2d of next April, will be 100 years old, is still vigorous and able to "walk out and; ? visit her neighbors." She has never . been ill in her~life; has borne eleven children, the oldest of whom is 78 years old; has never journeyed in cars or' steamboats, nor been more than two ' miles in a stage. Of her ninety-four'. \; descendants seventy one are.living. ; ? A remarkable double beaded child was recently ? born to a French family; named Reo?lbault in Manchester, Me. Tbe heads are both perfect, and are joined to the body by two 3hort, well-~ shaped necks. It uses its mouths and eyes apparently at will in eating, crying, winking and even sleeping. The parents were much shocked at the appearance of their baby, and went at once to Montreal to avoid tbe notice of their neighbors. The child is likely to live. ' r-f ? The collection of postage stamps f recently exhibited in Boston is said to be ; ^ worth nearly $100,000. There were in', A the collection single stamps valued at $100 each, and several groups of six were placed at $1,000. That the prices were'-v. not all fancy was shown by the offer of $80 from a dealer for a blue envelope on - which was a small stamp marked Bre- ^ men. One group, consisting of fowtup government stamped envelopes now obsolete, was appraised at $400. ? Among the contributions made in New York to the yellow fever fund was one by Messrs. Amerman & Patterson, \ accompanied by this letter: "The en- 7t closed check for $55.57 represents a sum ; ? which was in dispute between the parties whose names appear thereon, and it was decided between tbem to compromise the ] matter by devoting the sum to the relief of the Jacksonville sufferers, as their joint : contribution to such purpose. We there- 2 'ore ask you to transmit it to tbe.proper authorities for the purpose named." ? Emma Bennett, of Oashkosh, Wk, who has been bedridden with consump? tion of tbe blood for nine years, and for^, the last three years paralyzed on one tldijtfM of the body, on Sunday surprised .her ? people by singing in a loud voice: "He^ rose, he rose, he rose from the. dead;'?.. They rushed from the dinner table into . the bed-room and found the sick girljeit^ ting in bed, and still singing. She asked to be helped to her feet and then walked .1 across the floor. She said she felt as j though she had risen from the dead. ??The ruling passion, it seems; is as ; . j strong in trance as in death. Julius.> Thompson, colored, near Waco, Tex., to>| all appearances, died, was shrouded, coffined and about to be buried, wh'elrij^j mule team ran away with a wagon load j of mourners, and the folks who went to see tbe accident returned to find the corpse, too, at the window looking on with lively interest. Of course tbe 1 funeral was postponed indefinitely, ii% seems, as the subject is reported as now j able to pick 100 pounds of cotton every day. The Babies Cry For If, And the old folks laugh when they^finai that tbe pleasant California liquid i^ltl remedy, Syrup of Figs, is more eajjJyyH taken and more beneficial in its action than bitter, nauseous medicines. It is . most valuable family remedy to act < the bowels, to cleanse the system, and dispel colds, headaches, and fevc Manufactured only by the California? Syrup Company, San Francis^ For 8a]e by SimpsoD,'.Reid & Co.