Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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ssi- ^ . !,.-??'::;,;. :r. :;. . ??? . ? i BY E. B. MUKKA -: Te}a?he}i$'Goi,umn, -? ? Jt J. G. CLINKSCALES, Editoe. We are very glad to record the very great improvement made in the school at VVilliford'8. The house has been con? siderably improved, the school is sup? plied with a splendid globe, charts, maps, and black board. Mr. Grice now finds his w$rk comparatively easy, aud is moving along nicely. The .patrons have fixed the windows so that the children can have both light and comfort. We - would suggest that the long counter, which is somewhat in the way be taken out and then .the benches can be more conveniently and more comfortably arranged. The McLees school is located in a beautiful oak grove. The house 1b neat and comfortable, but furnished with neither maps, charts or globe. Mr. Watt is doing the best he can under the cir? cumstances. His school is small in con? sequence of the pressing demands of the farms;! Many of the pupils are forced to work and can not attend school regu? larly!; Daring the idle season the school is full, perhaps too fall for the size of the house. Mr. Watt puts into practice the many suggestions he.got at -the In? stitute last Cammer,-and is bound to at? tend;the next one. He thinks the meth? ods learned st the Institute are of incal? culable benefit to a progressive teacher. Every teacher in the County knows "by >lj this ?me^nodoobj. jhat thenext IostiJ. tcte^nllbehin?Tat W?lianist?n^beg^oiDg July,!Ith, ancLruuning two weeks. We can not too often arge the necessity of attendance. No teacher can afford to miss it; so make your arrangements to be present at the opening exercises and remain to the close. Arrangements will be made for spending the afternoons pleasantly and profitably. Every one to whom we have, yet mentioned the sub? ject seems determined to attend. Some speak of renting houses for the two weeks and taking their families with them. There are, no doubt, a few un? occupied houses in Williamston, and such an .arrangement might be effected at very little cost Don't fail to attend! ? ? . ? I ' Miss L. A. Carpenter and her little band are snugly housed at Holland's. Things were so quiet when we drove up that we were about to decide that there was no school there; bat,, on entering the house, we found as orderly a school as we have seen in the County. Miss ' Lou's school is small, but fall of life. We found abundant Evidences of pro? gress, and came away with very favorable impressions of the teacher and pupils. The ,very bosy season with the farmers necessitates a decrease in the number of the pupils, bat those- that are so fortu? nate as to remain in school are. getting fall benefit of the instruction. Of course, Miss Carpenter will attend the Institute. Her home is at Pelzer, and besides she says she can.not afford to miss it She thinks the past Institutes have been of I inestimable value to her as a teacher. The Mountain Creek school is a cor ner school situated near the corner of three townships. Miss Alice Davis is the teacher, and stands well with her I ;> patrons and pupils. She has taught there several years, and the school steadily in? creases iii popularity and usefulness. We fcund the school, though small, in fine working condition. Miss Davis has been well trained herself and has her heart in her work. A larger black board would add greatly to the efficiency of the work of the school. We hope the patrons will get a better one and thus help the teacher do the work she Js em ? ployed to do. That is a fine section of country, and we are. glad to know the people appreciate education. Miss Davis will attend the Institute. She attended the other two held here, and saysshe can not afford to miss one. Wherever we find a teacher that attended the Institnte last year we find life and energy and tact Our friend, the Eureka correspondent of the ? Intelligences, seems to have misapprehended oar plea for the use of 'the organ in the Eureka school. Oar idea was, and still is, that the organ might be used very profitably at the. opening and closing exercises of the school. We did not think any one would infer that we would have the teacher to give regular music lessons. Indeed; the teacher! does not profess to be a music teacher. Our friend claims ( that the patrons of that school will get a better instrument when they feel able to have music taught them. We believe . they will. We would not insist that they should get an organ for the opening and closing exercises of the school; bat . they have a organ already in the house ?why not use it? If our friend thinks the organ can not be used at all in school exercises, be is mistaken. It is used in schools where music is not at? tempted to be taught. The best Bchools in this County have organs for the uses above mentioned. We still think that particular organ could be used to great advantage, but it may be that other schools are interested in the Sunday School at Eureka and in the organ; if that is the case, then tbey have a right to a hearing in the matter, and a right to object to its being used by the day Bcb??l. Anderson, 8. C, March, 12,1887. Me. Editoe : It is not fair that you should have all the writing to do for the column, bat, may be we teachers are all working so hard we can't find time to helpsyou. "A poor excuse," &c., I hear you say. I read with interest your accounts of the schools you have visited, and hope to profit by the many timely suggestions they contain. . The measles did not slight as, either. Glad to say all are at work again. Our school differs somewhat from other schools near by. We take up a certain study, and expend our energies on it for a certain length of time, though not to ? the exclusion of all other studies. Wo give it the preference, renting in it two lessons a day, while reviewing the other Y & CO. atudieB. We think, like you, a little learned perfectly is better than a great deal imperfectly learned. I try to entertain as well as instruct the little ones. What a child does vol? untarily and pleasantly is done with a zest. I tell them stories, let them draw the outlines of animals, &c., and, thanks to Miss Hubbard for the suggestion, we have a box of pictures, which is an end? less source of amusement. It is wonder? ful the nice little stories they get up. Even the first reader class will tell some? thing in wordB they have learned to write. We have a box of small cards with a word written on each side, which they use in sentences of their own. These are corrected, misspelled words being placed on the board. My pupils are also delighted with concert recita? tions ,* I notice the improvement in read? ing since we began them. We have a general exercise of fifteen minutes de? voted to side studies. We examine cnrions objects, describe the production and manufacture of different articles as glass, silk, &c. The subjects will sug? gest themselves. I thank Miss Hubbard for that splen? did device she gave in geography. This township, Broadaway, has no Institute. Let ns not be behind the others in improvement. Williamston is just the place for the combined Institute. I hope every teach? er will attend, and, in the meantime, trust all will write for the column. Lizzie H. Andeeson. The Wonderful Grnphoplione, "~~4"lv*?shington letter says: I have some startling news to-day for shorthand writers. It is concerning a wonderful little instrument called the graphophone, which its owners claim will entirely do away with stenographers and stenograph? ic work. A practical test has been made of its reporting at a mechanical labora? tory here, and it has been found success1 fol. It is the invention of Mr. Sumner Taintor, Prof. Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor of the Bell telephone, and Dr. Chichester A. Bell, an eminent chemist. The machine is operated on the principle of the phonograph. It is very simple, and is free from mechanical complication. It has a treadle, and it looks very much like a small sewing machine. Edison discovered the art of recording and reproducing sound, bat his itvention could not be Used because of its clumsy mechanical arrangement, coupled with the very inferior and un? satisfactory methods of recording the sounds produced. He used a piece of tiufoi'.l upon which the sound waves were indicated and from which they were easily obliterated. The present inventor, Mr. Taintor, saw that a less des*gnctible material was required, and aftgpconsid erablu experiment tried a pjrJpBration to wax andparaffine. This ?pihe surface now used, and it works perfectly. He then made an entirely new apparatus, and the result is the graphophone, a machine which will sing a song, report a whistle, or give the quality and, inflec? tions of the voice in a most charming way. The small point which is attached to the diaphragm of the machine cuts a minute hair line in the wax surface. This line is so faint that it is scarcely perceptible to, the naked eye, yet. it serves to give a reproduction, so as to be distinctly heard by the listener, of a song, a. laugh, or an ordinary speech. A test was made of the powers of this machine last Sunday, and among those present besides the inventors were Sena? tor Fair, the Hon. E. J. Colman, Prof Melville Bell, Mr. Austin Herr, Mr. Frank Maguire, Mr. Chepbade, Mr. De vine and others. The test was a very fine one. Two gentlemen, one acting as a lawyer and the other as a witness, util? ized the graphophone for taking testi? mony. These gentlemen spoke in ordi? nary tones in the machine, one asking a question and the other answering it. A dozen questions and answers were given. Then a young lady, who had not heard what either party had said, came into the room and took the testimony from the graphophone and wrote it out. The experiment was a complete success, and no errors were made. Among the gen? tlemen mentioned above as being present are some of the leading stenographers of the country. These men were very en? thusiastic over the result. They said: "We can use these machines and do away with amanuenses, and these machines mean a revolution: in amanuenses work. A man can employ at $40 a month a young man or woman, and, by the aid of a graphophone. have all the benefits of the very best stenogtapher. A stenographer would have cost him from $1,200 to $2,000 a year, and this machine will take down his words more accurately, and that in such a way that the record can be reproduced from 400 to 500 times without injuring the original." The machine is said to be now perfect, and it will probably be on .the market within three months. The price will likely be very reasonable and it will cost in ail probability no more than a type? writer. The inventors feel that they have discovered something equal to the telephone. Mr. Sumner Taintor is only about 32 years of age, is a very modest man, and he rather understates than overstates the value of the machine. Dr. Chicester A. Bell is as modest as Tain? tor, and he has made other remarkable discoveries in recording and reproducing sounds which will place him high in the rank of inventors. Every one knows the record of Alexander Graham Bell and how his telephone has captured the world. He will become even better known through the present invention. ? The New York lower house on Thursday rejected a bill to allow women to vote in municipal elections, the vote being 68 to 48. The bill had passed the senate, where, one speaker said, it had been "kissed through" by woman lobby? ists. The great majority of the vote for the bill was cast by the republicans, but many of that party opposed it on the ground that in the cities where the poorer classes are all in the democratic party the women of that class would vote solidly for the democratic ticket while the richer women, who are republicans, I would stay away from the polls. Some Matters Which are Receiving Attention at Present. The Press and Banner entirely disa? grees with every sentiment which would seem to foster a belief that the former days were better than these. We believe in the constant growth and never-ceasing development of all the better qualities of man, and we believe that the human race to-day is better in every desirable quality than it was fifty years ago, or at any other period in the world's history. Before we can definitely decide as to the advance or retrograde of civilization ,we mast first define what is meant by "civilization." In olden times there was a high "civilization," but it was a differ? ent type from what might be called the "Christian civilization." The old Ro? mans hundreds of years before the birth of our Saviour had a "civilization," which in one sense may be said to have been a higher civilization than the "Christian civilization." They cultiva? ted that chivalry, bravery and manhood, which was devoid of the sweetness, purity and love of fellow man, which is taught by the "Christian civilization." The "Knights" of later days were brave and honorable, but theirs was a different civilization from ours,. When we speak of the advance or retrograde of "civiliza? tion," we should firut decide what is meant by-"civilization." The people of to-day practice these humane and'tender traits of the human heart to a greater extent than at any previous time. In a Christian country, as ours is, it is difficult to separate civili? zation from those precepts which were taught by our Saviour. If the printed records as to the spread of the gospel and as to the growth .of Christianity are any index to truth, our culture and our civilization has advanced as rapidly as the sciences and the mechanic arts. The small handful of followers of the humble Gallilean, two thousand years ago, have greatly increased in numbers, and have since then put foot upon the soil of every land, and these followers have made their impress upon every people with whom they have come in contact. We do not believe the bman race re? trogrades in any truly manly or godlike particular, but we believe that every in? vented device, and every discovery of any useful force has contributed to the wealth of the country, and added to the grand total of human happiness. We take no stock in the tirade against railroads, either separately or consolida? ted, and we have nothing to say against the accumulation of capital by those possessing the skill to make the-money, or inheriting the power of conquest. No institution, corporation, or other known human agency has done so much for the civilization, development or growth of a country or for the benefit of all classes and conditions of people, as the railroads have done. They employ more laborers than any branch of industry outside of agricultural pursuits, and they give, higher pay than any other corporation. If the man with muscle and brain goes into the coal mines, or the factories, the probability is, that he will never rise from his menial position, bnt if the same man goes to work for the railroads his manual labor will be relieved as ho is ad? vanced in his position and a 3 his pay and his responsibility is increased. From the very nature of things the railroads are obliged to have faithful service. The companies cannot afford to entrust their valuable property and the lives of their passengers in the hands of careless or inexperienced hands, nor can they afford to jeopard the valuable freight for which they are responsible. The fear that great railroad combina? tions may ruin the country, is, in our opinion, nor, founded on any reasonable or probable assumption. When little petty tyrants owned the little short .roads,; they practiced those evils of discriminating for or j.gainst the cities which might be in thei;r favor or which may have incurred their displeas? ure. We all remember the old rickety coaches and the slow trains that Doda mead and Charleston run over the poor track of the Columbia and Greenville Railroad, and we have not forgotten the exhorbitant charges which they made for poor accommodations. Everybody notices the improved trains and the quick transit since the consolidation. These great corporations care nothing for tearing down Richmond to build up Baltimore. They will likely do nothing for the destruction of Charlotte, Colum? bia or Augusta. Neither will they pat Charleston to the nursing bottle. In our own opinion, these great corporations will neither build nor tare down cities by their own dictum. If the consolidated roads should attempt injury to the country, we have State laws to protect us. If they seek to violate the rights of any citizen a grand jury and an organized Court can be found in every county through which a foot of their track is laid. In every county a petit jury can be found who will pro? tect their neighbors and see that they suffer no wrong from the railroads, even though they were disposed to inflict wrong. The idea that the invention of labor saving machines is injurious to the j wellfare and happiness of the laborer is a delusion. The poor people in no country without these useful machines are as comfortable as the poor people of our own country.?Abbeville Press and Banner. He Pelt His Importance. For years he had been trying to get into politics, and ran the full gamut of all the tricks of the trade; but for some reason was'nt successful. At last be got so far as to be made Justice of the Peace, and the first man happened to be a rough old neighbor who had known him all his days. The old man who was as lacking in politeness as most of his kind, stalked in and began to tell his story without lifting his hat. "Sir," exclaim? ed the new Justice, who had been swell? ing with importance, "sir, you should always remove your hat when you come into the presence of me and God." ? The "self made" man who boasts of how much smarter he has been than other men, did not quite finish the job. He forgot to give himself manners. NDEKSON, S. Cm TI SAM SMALL'S LAST SPREE. A Lurid Picture of Himself by Sam Jones's Convert. The Rev. Sam Small spoke to a large audience in Cooper Union, New York, last Tuesday night. After a short intro? ductory, he said: I was well born. I had a noble mother and a noble father. At school I became acquainted with young men who had seen something of a dissipated life. After graduating I ? soon found myself immersed in frivolity and pleasure in one of the capital cities of the South. I saw that the great men of the State were leaders in those frivolities, and I said I would do as they did. I believed that I had the will to break off whenever I saw that I was going too far. But I found that I might as well try to bind an African lion'with a rope of sand. Finally I married, and then my wife found out too late that she had married without due caution. She pleaded with me often, but I put her away with idle jest, and kept my way. Then there came a time when my father passed by me with bowed head, that he might not see the marks of dissi? pation in my face. His hair whitened before its time, and nature laid him softly in the grave. He was dead of a broken heart One day my mother came to me and begged that for that one night I would promise to go home to my wife and children and try to make them happy. "The strain," she Baid, "is more than I can bear when I think of you." I promised, and I did go. I thank God every day that I did so. After an even? ing spent pleasantly, a policeman rang my bell, and when I went to the door told me that my mother, when rising from her knees in her took, had fallen over dead. I wept over her, and tbenttr drown remorse and grief wenc on a debauch. Finally I saw in my wife's face that she had lost her hope. I saw ory chil? dren flee wheu I came home, not know? ing what they might expect from a drunken father. * As a supreme effort to save me my wife went to Judge Hammond, of the Court where I was employed, and got him to write out legal notices to the saloon keepers forbidding them to sell liquor to me. She signed them, and a faithful officer delivered them. The barkeepers stuck them in the mirror behind the bar, and made them the butt and scoff of every drunken loafer that entered. They knew my wife was too proud to prose? cute them. She hired a detective to fol? low me and warn the liquor men aot to give me drink, and he did so faithfully. They would Bay to him: "Certainly; we have the notices, and will obey them." Then they would call some hanger-on and send the liquor to me that they might get the money they knew I had for them. And there hung those notices, blistered by my wife's tears. They cared no more for them than for rain drops ou the roof. And yet, my friends, when I tell this story there are a lot of pulpy, weak kneed people that rise up and say that I am a crank on the liquor question. I had at last arrived at a condition where I was on the dividing line between imbecility and the condition which drives men to suicide, when on Septem? ber 13,1885,1 awoke in a lucid interval. I looked at my children, and saw them Bhrink away from me in terror, not knowing what my mood might be, and I determined that I would do something that day toxmake them at least forget for the time their little sorrow. It was Sun? day. Sam Jonen was preaching at a town fifty miles North of there, in a big tent. I was the city editor of a paper in Atlanta, and knew all about him, but I had not printed much about him. I was orthodox, too orthodox to print such stuff. But I thought' I would take the children up there. The big tent and the crowd would be a novelty to them. I had to go on the platform among the reporters. There was no other place. I took notes for a while, but I soon had to leave that for the regular man. I was too much interested. I left that place more deeply convicted of my sins than any one present. I sent my children home, and I began a spree that astonish? ed even my old cronies. I wanted to blot out the effects of what I had heard. All of Sunday night, all of Monday, all of Tuesday night I drank, but I could not lose my memory. The liquor did not affect me as before. At 10 o'clock Tuesday morning a friend came to me as 1 leaned my head on a table in a barroom, and said my wife was looking for me in the street. I went home with her. Then I went up stairs to my library, locked the door, and threw myself ou my knees in an agony of shame and remorse, and prayed to God for mercy. Until 4 o'clock I remained there, incoherent, and without hope. I was giving over all further effort when I raised my head, and the light came to me. My troubles were at an end. I realized that there had come 1 to me the peace that passeth understand? ing. When I hastened to tell my wife she broke down in utter sorrow. She did not understand. She believed that I had lost my mind and was in the first stage of mental exaltation that marks one form of insanity. But my little ones believed me, and, kneeling there by the bedside of .my wife, in childish tones gave thanks to God for His mercy. The speaker then told how he got bills printed announcing that Sam Small would preach on a street corner that night, how an old crony fixed up a plat? form with four whisky barrels, how 3,000 people gathered to Bee what the latest drunken freak of the city editor of a favorite paper would be, how his chil? dren were his only assistants on the plat? form, and how the boys went off to a pool room afterward and put up their spare change on the number of days the reform would last. A year later, after Sam had preached the sermon on this first anniversary of his conversion, one of those boys came down the aisle, shook hands, congratulated him, and then said regretfully: "If I'd only known you was going to hold out so long as this?if I'd just had a pointer?T could a bankrupted the town." IUESDAY MOKNIN( When, as the Bpeaker said, be was converted on that Tuesday afternoon, he did not lose his appetite for liquor. He told his wife next day that he must have it, but when he got up from his bed he went up to his library instead of to the street, and after tffo hours on his knees the desire for liquor left him. "I testify to you to-night," he added^ "that from that time to this I have never felt a pang of the appetite." An Incident of the War. At a meeting of the Loyal Legion the other evening I was reminded of one of the most peculiar incidents of the war, which has never been published. While we were before Atlanta we pushed up our lines close against the breastworks of the Confederates until we were within a f6w yards of each other. There were two brigades, separated only by a ravine. Every time a man showed himself above his works he was peppered at. Down in the ravine was a spring, and both sides used to go there at night to get water, nobody daring to approach it by day? light. One day a heaving fog fell over the camp, and every many at once rose up glad to stretch and be able to walk around without being shot at. Some of the men were cooking tbeir meat and boiling tbeir coffee, others walked around on the works, Suddenly without an instant's warn? ing, a gust of wind came up and blew the fog away about as quickly as you could snap your finger, and there were the men of the two opposing brigades out in plain view upon their works, so ex? posed that a volley would have mowed down half of them. But no one was prepared for the emergency; not a gun in hand ; no one made an effort to arm himself. Thus both sides faced each other in suspense. Then, by some inex? plicable, impulse, a party of the Confed? erates, which' had evidently started to the spring, pots iii hand, continued leis lurely on their way.^ I do not know why, but our men did not'molest them, and some of them even went down to the spring themselves. Wbat follows seems strange. A facit tree was declared, and during the few days that the two brigades continued to face each other across the ravine it continued, and not a shot was fired by the men on one side at 'the men of the other. They would fire at the brigades at either side and diago? nally, bat never at each other, and the men would meet in the ravine to trade and converse. I tell this narrative to show that there was no bitterness between the individuals of the two sides. Both were fighting for the cause.?St. Louis Globe-Democrat. About Pea Nuts. The Spanish or bush pea-nut is a new variety in this country, unknown in North Carolina and Virginia. It com? mends itself to every farmer who has tried it as a valuable crop for market and for use on the farm. The nuts are the pabulum of the modern legislator as well as the small boy, and are more deli? cate than the North Carolina variety, but a little smaller. They are superior to the coarse Virginia pinder. The nuts grow around the tap root in a cluster and all come up when pulled?about a pint to the hill on land that will make five or six bushels of corn to the acre, more on better land. The land should not be too stiff, as it would bake around the nuts and hold them in the ground. They should be planted about the same time as cotton, the hills 12 to 16 inches and rows SO inches apart, slightly hilled up with the scraper. Will mature planted i.s late as 10th June, but should be pulled up and, cured as soon as the nuts commence to sprout in the ground and before frost. The tops do not lie on the ground and spread as the old varieties, but bush up and make a large quantity of most excel? lent foliage, cared as pea vine hay. The tops) may be mowed off, cured and put on the market and the nuts raised by pulling the stubble, dried and housed. The picking can be done at odd times in hot or cold weather. The yield is from 30 to 100 or more bushels of nuts and one to five thousand pounds of hay. With this nut and its top can be raised hogs, cattle and horses in abundance and cheaply ; a large quantity of more valua? ble manure, at the same time having produced in the nuts a marketable com? modity which always commands a remu? nerative price. The tops and nuts might be baled together a3 provender and would soon make a market for themselves in the cattle pens of the cities. They ' can be planted among corn instead of peas, and have done well in the missing places on cotton beds. A Typical American Boy. There is a farmer boy over in the town of Phelps who is indeed a model of industry, and is bound to make a sterling citizen. He is seventeen years of age. His father died two years ago, leaving a wife and four children and a mortgage of $1,800 on the farm. The boy was the oldest of the children, and the funeral was Bcarely past before he set resolutely to work to help the family out of their financial embarrassment. With the advice of a kindly neighbor he has since been the sole manager of. the farm of over ninety acres. He has, with only a little assistance, plowed the fields, sowed, cultivated and reaped, he has had sole charge of a large number of cattle and horses on the farm, be has managed a retail milk business, and has himself marketed all of the farm products. Last summer he found time, after bis work in the fields, to paint the house twice over and to build five new fences. In the winter he not only attends to the neces? sary work about the farm, but teaches a country school three miles away, fells timber in the woods on Saturdays, writes excellent letters to the local newspapers, and pursues the course of reading as laid down in the Chautau quan. The farm is not only out of debt and in splendid condition, but the lad and his mother have enough money on hand to buy twenty more acres of land this season.?Ly*m (JV. Y.) Rcjmblican. ? How can the man who gives you his promise be expected to keep it? S, MAECH 24, 1887. COTTON SEED OIL IN FOOD. Used Not Only In Lnrd, but Largely In Many Other Articles ot D et. A good deal of attention was attracted yesterday by the comments of the Times on the subject of the wholesale adultera? tion of food products by the use of cotton seed oil. The extent of that adulteration can only be surmised by the open confes? sion of Mr. Phillip D. Armour that his firm uses millions of gallons annually in the manufacture of lard. That which is used in the making of lard is but the indication of that which goes into other food products. The cotton seed oil peo? ple themselves endorse the declaration of the Times, that if the manufacturers of food use this oil, they should be willing to acknowledge it publicly. According to the oil maken, there is only purity in their product. Being simply vegetable, it is free from the suspicion ofdiser.se and bad qualities that other adulterants might have. It has no tinge of putrid refuse in it, they say; it is wholly healthy. And upon this account they insist that it would be a good rather than a bad thing for them, as well as for the public, if the law required a specific labelling of the products into which it enters, and, going further, they aver that .it would be even a wise and beneficial thing for manufacturers like Armour & Co. to be open in the matter of dealing with the public, inasmuch as the public would recognize on investigation that the use of the oil as an ingredient would be healthful while cheapening cost. There seems no longer to be the ardent desire that once was supposed to exist for keeping in utter secrecy the business corporation having the monopoly of this cotton seed oil production. A gentle? man largely interested in the Cotton Seed Oil Trutii, as the corporation is called, gave some interesting facts regarding that business yesterday. The 6,500,000 bales of cotton that makes the crop of the country, he says, turns out 3,250,000 tons of cotton seed, most of which falls to the ground and is unbar vested. About 700,000 tons are used now, and that sends something like $7,000,000 into the South as an abso? lutely new income to plauters there. The oil mills in the trust comprise ninety out of the ninety-five mills that have been established in the country, all of the large mills in fact. The trust also controls twenty eeven refineries, and tbe refineries and mills alike ire controlled by nine trustees, who have issued certifi? cates to the various companies represent? ing their value; this whole capitalization is some wb-ii .:^-ih-sn ?$4O,0D0,00Cr--cuch a monopoly of course has vast profits in it, it being estimated that at least $4.50 is net profit on each ton they use annu? ally. With what amounts to centralized management of the ninety mills in the trust extensive economies of course are possible, and thus, even allowing for large profits, it is that it is found possi? ble by such food producers as Armour & Co. to buy quantities of it at prices that enable them to put it into lard to cheapen that article. It is an open secret that much more than a half of the olive that is consumed in this country is in fact merely this same oil of the Ameri? can cotton seed. It is sent also in large quantities to England and Germany, where it enters into lardiue, butterine and olive oil the same as on this side of the water. Holland imports great car? goes of it to make Dutch cheese. The oil refinery at Providence sold 4,0G0 barrels last year to preserve sardines in. Soap is made by the thousand boxes in Chicago with the same base. And aloug with all this is the assertion that tbe industry as yet is in its infancy. There is no telling into how many food pro? ducts it will enter speedily, nor how largely. It is stated that in addition to making $4.50 on each ton of seed used in making oil, the trust obtains 750 pounds of "cake" from the crushed seed, which is marketable at a good price for food for cattle in the country and in Europe.? New York Times. Bard Mouey. During the war the genial, fun loving Dr. T. C. Boulware, now of Butler, Mo., and who by the way enjoys a joke whether at his own or another's expense, was a surgeon in the Confederate service, and on duty at Little Bock, Ark. As he was needing a pair of r.ew boots he decided to order them made, and called on a city manufacturer for that purpose. Having described what he desired, he inquired the price, and the shopkeeper said: "Our charges for getting up such boots will be $50 in Confederate scrip or $10 in hard money." "All right," said the Doctor; "you may make and have them ready before we receive marching orders. But, now, remember your figures, $50 in Confeder? ate scrip or $10 in hard money." "Yes," rejoined the shopkeeper; "I think we now both fully understand the terms." In due time the Doctor put in an appearance and was shown a Eine pair of boots, which upon trial proved to be his ideal of a fit. After discussing their satisfactory appearance, good quality of material, etc., he thrust bis hand into his pocket, and drew therefrom his wallet, and taking out a ?10 Confederate note, coolly presented it to his shoemaker in payment for them. "Why, sir," said the astonished son of St. Crispin, "I told you the price ia $50 in Confederate scrip or $10 in hard money." "And so I understand it," replied the Doctor. "But," said the shoemau excitedly, "you have paid me only $10, and that in Confederate scrip. It is $10 if paid in bard money." "Of course, I did as you say," quietly rejoined the possessor of the new boots, "and I further claim that I have fulfilled my part of tbe contract; for, truly speaking, my friend, that Confederate scrip is the hardest money I know any? thing of." And politely Raluting the bewildered shoemaker, he triumphantly marched to bis quarters.?Chicago Ledger, A Dankard'8 Honor. Near Hargerstown I bad an experience with an old Dunk-arc! which gave me a high and lasting respect for the people of that faith. My scoots had a horse trans? action with Ibis old gentleman, and he came to see me about it. He made no complaint, but said it was his only horse, and as the scouts had told him we had some hoof-sore horses we should have to leave behind, he came to ask if I would trade him one of those for his horse, as without one his crop would be lost. I recognized the old man at once as a born gentleman in his delicately speak? ing of that transaction as a trade. So I assented to his taking a foot-sore horse> and offered him beside, payment in Con? federate money. This he respectfully but firmly declined. Considering how the recent battle had gone, I waived argument, tut tried another suggestion. I told him that we were in Maryland as the guests of the United States; that after our departure the Government would pay all bills that we left behind, and tbat I would give him an order on the United States for the value of his horse, and have it approved by Gen. Longstreet. To my surprise he declined this also. I supposed then tbat he was simply ignorant of the bonanza in a claim against tbe Government, and I explained thsrt; .md, telling bim that money was no object to us under the circumstances, I offered to include the value of his whole farm. He again said he wanted nothing but the foot-sore horse. Still anxious thsit the war should not grind this poor old follow in bis pov? erty, I suggested that he take two or three foot-sore horses, which we would have to leave anyhow, when we marched. Then he said: "Well, sir, I am a Dunkard, and the rule of our church is an eye for an eye, and a too;h for a tooth and a horse for a horse, and I can't break the rule." I replied that the Lord, who made all horses, knew tbat p good horse was worth a dozen old battery scrubs; and after some time prevailed on him to take two by calling one of them a gift. But that night about midnight we were awakened by approaching hoofs and turned out expecting to receive some order. It was my old Dunkard leading one of his foot sores. "Well, sir," said he, "you made it look all right to me to-day, when you were talking; hut after I went to bed to? night I got to thinking it all over, and I don't think I can explain ii; to the church, and I would rather not try." With that he tied old foot sore to the fence, and rodo'ofF-abwrpt^;.^Fiyen at this late day it is a relief to my cnscrenceUp, tender to his sect this recognition of their integrity and honesty in lieu of tbe extra horse which I vainly endeavored to throw into the trade.?General E.P. Alexander. Why Women Karry. An article has been going the rounds of the press entitled, "Reason why men marry." So I have begun to make in? quiries why women marry. I began first on my landlady at dinner time, but she answered me bo sourly, "Because I didn't Btay single 1" with a look that added "idiot" plainly as words conld have done, tbat I tremblingly made up my mind to pay up my last month's boj.rd-bill and pursue further inquiries by post. To the question, "Why did you mar? ry ?" the following answers were receiv? ed: "Because all fools weren't dead yet." "Because I had the chance." "Because I didn't want to be a hired ?girl. I soon found out, though, that I was working for my bread and clothes." "I threatened him with a breach of promised suit if he wouldn't." "Because I wore so much store hair and bought my complection he thought I was 24 instead of 42." "Because I never wanted to go into business where I couldn't be boss." "Because I was as big a fool as most other girls are." "Because he always said I was an angel. Now he always says he wishes I was one." "To see who was the best man; I've found I am." "Out of pride for my sex. He had already outlived three women. I have brought back the palm to my sex. He was my first husband, and I am looking for ray sixth." If there is any woman who reads this paper who married for love, money, or spite, write quickly and let me know; or if any such case has come under your notice, please inform me and you will be Buitably rewarded.?Detroit Free Press. Remarkable Com. Among tbe especially interesting and substantially valuable exhibits in tbe line of farm product at the late Texas State Fair was a half bushel of corn developed and raised by Mr. Jeff Wel born Bros., New Boston, Bowie county, Texas. Tbe cob is 21 inches in diameter, its length ten inches. There were forty rows of grains on tbe ear and (what was most remarkable) the grain is seven eighths of an inch long. This corn shells one quart to the cob. The Wei born Bros., gathered this very dry year eight hundred bushels from ten acres, an average of eighty bushels to tbe acre, aud this with only eight furrows to the row. This corn, which be has named "Jeff Welborn's Conscience," he states matures two weeks earlier than the com? mon white corn; it is also extra firm, but not flinty. Messrs. Welborn's corn attracted universal attention, and so numerous were the applicants for a few grains that the exhibitor was forced to withdraw it from exhibit. It was award? ed both first and second premiums, tbe first being a splendid wagon (offered by the Keating Machine and Implement Company,) the second, twenty dollars worth of nursery stock.?Farm and Ranch. ? "My dear," said the husband to the wife before the glass, "I'm ashamed to sec you put all that red stuff on your cheeks." "Oh, don't worry about tbat," she replied sweetly. "It matches the color on your nose admirably, and har? mony is what makes the marriage rela? tion ideal." VOLUM What's jonr Boy Worth, I came across a mother.jin Ohio who loved her boy so that she would not give her husband "any rest till be promised to vote for the Second Amendment. Some people thought she was only a humble, ignorant woman, but she was smart enough to know the value of her boy! You mothers who read this article, an? swer mo this question: What is your boy worth ? Make the price high, for he is "bone of your bone, and flesh of your fleeh." Ask father if he is worth a ballot at next election. Put the question to him with tear drops trickling down your cheeks, backed up with a prayer of faith. If you do it with all sincerity, tbe true value of his boy will appear, aud all other questions sink into insignificance. What is your boy worth ? 1st. He is worth asking to sign the to? tal abstinence pledge. 2d. He is of sufficient value to be sent to a Band of Hope meeting to be instruct? ed as to tbe effects of alcohol upon the human system. 3d. He is of sufficient importance for you to know where he spends his even? ings and who his associates are. 4th. He is of more value than many household pets, and is entitled to more of your time and attention. 5th. To say nothing of the value of your boy's good character, he has cost you for food, raiment and education more than the average saloon keeper pays for his license. 6th. "As tbe twig is bent tbe tree is inclined." It will be of great importance to you whether your boy is a valuable citizeu or a curse to you and tbe neigh? borhood in which you reside. If be turns out good, be will be worth his weight in gold; if otherwise, better he had never been born. 7th. Being immortal, he is worth a life's work to prepare him for a happy hereafter. No license was ever made high enough to cover tbe lowest estimate that you can put on your boy, if there's a spark of Christianity or humanity in your heart. Is it too much to ask the fathers of America to at least set enough value on their boys to yearly drop into the ballot box a slip of paper that voices the senti? ment of this journal?"We demand the prohibition of the liquor traffic." What is your answer ??New York W?nes?. It Got There El Paso, March 16.?The town had been very quiet for some time, until a few days ago, when a California wine agent came here with a car load of new champagne, which be proceeded to introduce. "-Sinco then there has been the old boy to pay-?black eyes, cut heads and shooting. There was no tem? per displayed in tbe matter, all being attributable to tbe quality of the wine. Mr. Fe we 11 and Mr. Kam, both leading merchants, bad tbe first set-to in front of the Central Hotel Bar. Both got black eyes. Mr. Sam Ecker, tbe propri? etor of the hotel, hit tbe proprietor of tbe Eelmonico in tbe eye, and then they rolled over, even out as far as the park. Then Ecker ran in and got a pistol, and fired twice at a stranger. The principal citizen of tbe place had got In only one glass of this delightful wine when he was slugged over the bead wiih a bottle, and was obliged to go to bed for three days. There was no temper in the matter, either at tbe time or since, only all hands are looking for tbe wine agent, who has skipped. The last thing he j said was that tbe trouble was that tbe wine was too good for El Paso, and that the boys drank too much of it. Business and Religion, A wealthy, irreligious, shrewd busi? ness man in Illinois, was approached by a member of the Church of Christ for a subscription towards building a meeting house. He cheerfully put down bis name for $200, and then remarked, "I give that as good business investment. I would rather give $200 every year than not to have the gospel preached in this community." "How is that?" he was asked. "You do not pay any heed to the gospel. Why are you interested in having it preached?" "Oh," he replied, "I live here with my family, and my property is around here; without the influences of Christianity the condition of society would become such that neither property nor life would be safe. I would not be willing to live in any communityl'wbere the gospel was not preached 1" These views of a hard-headed man of the world are confirmed by all experien? ces. Christianity is the salt of the earth. Only the utterly abandoned would be content to live where its influence had ceased to be felt. Both Sides. Fond Father: "Ah, Fred, my boy, and so you want to take my little girl from me, eh ? Tbe old borne will be lonely enough without my little Eaty-did iu it. But I suppose I will have to give her np. I can't expect to have her f;o myself always, much as I would like to do so. But don't ask me to give ber up too soon, Fred; I must keep her in the home nest as long as I can. My blessing go with you both when tbe hour of parting at last comes." Fond Father (to his Katy-did after the departure of Fred): "Now, see here, Kit, you book that young man in just as soon as you can. Strike while tbe iron is hot. If you lose this chance you may not get another soon, and when a girl gets to be your age she's got to watch the comers mighty closely or she'll get left out in the cold altogether. Times are mighty bard, and I'm getting tired of footing your bills. Now, you see if you can't slyly wheedle Fred into the moo*e within three months." ? At Freeport, Kansas, while a mask? ed ball was in progress, tbe dress of Miss Cora Boulder, which was trimmed with paper, caught fire from a bracket lamp and she was burned to death in presence of a hundred panicstricken people. A number of people endeavored to save her, but only sot their own clothes on (ire, aud some were badly scorched in their endea? vors to save the girl, E XXIL- -NO. 37. Strong Drink. Tbe following extract from a recent issue of a scientific exchange has some ; practical remarks on the excessive use of 3 alcohol and its effect on the brain, which will be interesting reading to several who are addicted to the flowing bowl: Alcohol is indigestible. It cannot be built into bone or 1 iisue, Tbe only thing tbe body can do with alcohol is to get | rid of it. It is largely thrown off by tbe J lungB, as any one can believe who has come within smelling distance of the drinker. It passes through the skin, and works its way to every part of tho body, and a portion of it passes to tbe brain, z deranging the action of the brain, and producing a species of insanity. When the alcohol reaches the brain, of course it is closely shut in, and as it cannot pass readily through the skull it; is more like* \ ' ly to remain in the brain than in any other part of the body, and here it docs its most deadly work. The brain, when healthy, is so softv that it would not retain its shape but for the skull. The sharpest knife is required to cut it without mangling its structure. . It is necessary to immerse the organ in alcohol for weeks or months in order to harden it, when a careful rumination is - essential. A drunkard's bir&in presents a '. . contrast. In the dissecting room it af- - ; fords rare pleasure to a medical student tosecure tbe dissected brain of an old . toper. A celebrated anatomist declared that be could tell a drunkard's brain in ? ? the dark, by the sense of touch alone. A London physician reported a case in which be icund, upon making a post mortem examination, so stiong an oder ' of alcohol eminating from the brain tbat ?'? he applied a match to it, when it burst ? into a flame. The quantity of alcohol in / the brain is sometimes so great that it can be collected by distillation after death. It must not be supposed tbat every^ drunkard's brain is as hard as a pickled one; but it may be fairly supposed tbat: J tbe hardening effeot of alcohol has no little influence in the production of de? generation of the brain, such as results' in various forms of progressive paralysis, ? Numerous functional disorders of tbe brain are also traced directly to the habitual use of alcoholic liquors.' Loco- . motor ataxia, an almost hopeless malady, involving the brain and spinal cord, is very often the result of intemperance. The Homestead Exemption. Tbe Columbia Record agrees with the Herald in holding that something sbonld be done with the homestead law_fw- ths building up of credit In talking wirb a lawyer from another State pome time ago, he remarked tbat his State,.too, had % j-^^mw^acTlaw, but it was a check on fraud and not an encouragement to dis? honesty. Their law gave a man no ex? emption from his honest debts unless the homestead was set off before the debts wore contracted, but on the contrary pro? hibited him from setting asids' to his family more property than a fixed amount^ and then trading upon ^hia own appearance and reputation for wealth, and thereby defrauding the ignorant. In our State a man may give everything he has to his wife, live like a lord, and when men, ignorant of this secret ar? rangement, demand payment for just debts, may defeat their claims on the ground that he has nothing. And even if he neglected to do this thing, our law still says he can keep $1,500 before he pays a dollar on his most sacred obliga? tions. The fact is that we have entirely misunderstood this law. It had its origin in tbe West, and was in the nature of a bankrupt law. Men who had lost every thing in the East frequently went to a | Western State, took np a government f "section," cleared np the wilderness. -. and built them a home. In the enjoy? ment of this home they were protected-^ from the rapacity of foreign creditors; and this was right. But these conditions do not exist in South Carolina, and we have no need of i.he law as it now oper- j ates. If a man meets with misfortune, and gives up everything to his creditors, they should forgive him what he cannot pay. But when a man contracts an honest debt, has tbe property to pay it, and refuses to do so, it is demoralizing and disgraceful for the law to shield him ;. in his dishonesty.?Spartunburg Herald. Come Out Just the Same. "There must be somebody backing the ; paper, for I ordered my paper stopped^ and I know three or four more got mad - and stopped theirs, but the blamed paper seems to come just the same." Foolish man, don't think that because you get on your ear and stop your paper it will make any perceptible difference with the run of the office. The article thtt you got mad at tickled half a dozen other men so that they came and subscribed. Always remember that a paper is not run-, for the benefit of one person, bat for alt. Qo and take a drink out of Lake Supe? rior, and then look along the shore and see how mach yoa have lowered the water. When you have ascertained the exact figures you can put them down as representing pretty accurately just how much you amount to, indiviitialliy, toward the success or failure of the aver? age newspaper.?Danville Breeze. ? A man living in Haralson county went home one night about ten o'clock, while about three sheets in tbe wind, and feasted upon a buzzard, which his good, wife had cooked for the oil that.was: the fowl. It is said the man ate tUd this bird, thinking it. was a chicken, and when he was told of what he feasted up? on, he then and there "swore off" aid went to preaching. ? M. Spuller, who was recently in the United States, in an interview recently upon his impressions of America, said " that he thought iu. the way of material ;.? comfort we were far ahead of the French; that he feared the increasing number log large fortunes wonld eventually mal? the social question a troublesome prob* lern for us; that the American press f badly edited, from a foreign point < view, giving too often exaggerated false news; that drunkenness is too valent, especially among the weal classes; and, finally, that he saw a tain revival of sympathy for Fri among our people, who for so long"H time have flattered the German elemc for political reasons.