Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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i Y E. W MURKAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 27, 1885. VOLUME XXI. - NO. 7. WAGONS, WAGONS, WAGONS, BUGGIES, BUGGIES, BUGGIES, BAGGING, BAGGING, BAGGING, TIES, TIES, TIES, BELTING, BELTING, BELTING, ROPE, ROPE, ROPE, are receiving a large lot of the celebrated STUDEBAKER and TENNES? SEE WAGONS, acknowledged by all who have ever used them to be superior to nil others, being manufactured of the best material, and put up in good style,1ight J ^^'^olj^^'iirien/'pai?ted? durable, and we warrant them for one year. We have been selling them for five years, and with good satisfaction to our customers, as the fol? lowing Testimonials will chow: Messrs. Bleckley, Bbown & Fretwell, Anderson, S. C?Gents : I have used slf inch iron axle Studebahcr Wagon for the last five years, and having used several other makes, unhesitatingly say that the Studebaier is the best of all of themV-; I have run mine almost constantly; ofren toadingjlt with as much as'4,000 rounds at one time', and it has cost me nothing for repairs for five years. ; - Yours truly, WADDY T. DEAN. : Messrs. ^Bleckley, Bbown & Fretwell : The Sladebaker Wagon bought from you three years ago has given me good satisfaction, having never cost me any ^ ^'nW?t repaire.-. The Wagon is a very light-running vehicle, and I believe is the best Wa&?? made. \:E. F. REED.. Messrs. Bleckley, Brown & Fretwell? Gentlemen: I have runa2} Th tmble Skein Studebsker Wagon, bought from you, about three or four years, and wish, to say that I am well pleased with it, never having cost trie anything for repairs, and that it has given me perfect satisfaction. The paint has lasted well on it. and the Wagon now presents a good appearance, and can recommend it to my friends and neighbors as a first class Wagon in every respect. J. R. FINDLEY. Messrs.'Bleckley, Brown & Fretwell : I have run my Tennessee" 2-horse 1j inch iron axle Wagon for two years, and anVwell pleased with it. Tt'has never cost a cent for repairs, and has never even had a loose tap, tire or bolt on it. -I can i recommend, the Tennessee to my friends and neighbors as a first class, reliable Wagon infevery respect.. . - . D. A. SKELTON.! Anderson, S. 0.1 Dec. 21, 1383.?Messrs. Bleckley, Brown & Fretwell ?Gents 11 have-run.a 2-horseirou'axle "Tennessee" Wagon nearly constantly for the last five years without costing anything for repairs of any kind, even stand? ing lastSummer's continued dry; weather without requiring the ties to be cut, abd do-unhesitatingly say-that the Tennessee is the best Wagon ever used by me, aod ^hatT can fully" recommend it to my friends and the/public as a.Wagon that will: give good satisfaction in everyrespect. ' Yours truly, J. G. RILEY, Olio, S. C. Anderson S. C^Feb. 9, ?884.?Messrs! 'Bleckley, Brown & Fretwell? gents: I have used a U iron axle "Tennessee" Wagon for the last five years, and am well pleased with.it, being a strong and durable Wagon, and I can heartily re commend it. The Wagon has cost me during that time scarcely anything for repairs, requiring the tires cut only once, and that was caused by the long continued ? '? idrooght last Summer, and being continually exposed to the hot sun. It is the best Wagon I ever used. IVY C. LOW. Anderson, S. C, April 4,1884.?Messrs. Bleckley, Brown & Fretwell ?Gents : I have been using a Tennessee Wagon, 1} inch iron axle, for three years past, hauling brick and sand almost constantly with two large mules, and am fully satisfied that there is no better Wagon made. It has cost me nothing in way of) cutting tire, &c. Has been standing, in the. weather all the time. I can recommend the "Tennessee" to any one in want of a light running, durable Wagon. Yours, &c., J. C/DRENNAN. We are also able to sell you a first class BUGGY as reasonable as anybody, on easy terms, and would respectfully ask you to examine them before making your purchase elsewhere. We will also make it interesting for you to buy your BAGGING and TIES from us, as we havo already bought a large lot of these, at much less than others . pay for them, and we propose to sell them to you accordingly, and will keep large stocks constantly on hand. To the Ginners of Anderson County we wish to say that we keep constantly on v' hand RUBBER BELTING all sizes, and PRESS ROPE, and will meet any com? petition in prices on these Goods. - Call and see us, inspect our Goods and prices, and let us sell you what you need. Oor Buyer is going North in a few days, and we will have something to say to you shortly in regard to other lines of Goods. Look, out for our next advertisement. We say this now, however: That we v. ill always sell Goods as low as they can be bought elsewhere, and that we are prepared at all times to meet legitimate competition. Respectfully, Buckley, Brown & Fretwell. Aag6,1885 4 5m MISS LIZZIE WILLIAMS Has Returned from the'North, where she purchased an ELEGANT STOCK of j THE HANDSOMEST GOODS That has ever been brought to this market, consisting of STYLISH SILKS, BEAUTIFUL LACES of all descriptions, EMBROIDERIES. JETS and PARSEMENTRIES, :/ M?{-. LOVELY EMBROIDERY ROBES in the newest shades. Our FKEBiCir ANJ> WHITE DRESS GOODS cannot be surpassed. We have GLOVES. .HOSE. SLIPPERS and SHOES of every quality. Don't forget tu notice our varied stock <?r RIBBON, and come and try our stylish IIATS on be! lore purchasing elsewhere. We feel assured you can ''e pleased. Our>j-:\cc is too limited to exhibit our (i?ods. Anything you do not see call for it, ami bur dccoromodatiJ.g Clerks will take pleasure in waiting on* you, even if you do not buy. We have everything that Ladies and Children NEElMir make them happy and attractive.7. Very rwpectfullv, LADIES' STORE. March 28 1ss5 % 37 Just in and to arrive Car Load of the Famous COLUMBUS BUGGIES, CARRIAGES, PHiETONS, SURREYS* &c. THE BEST VEHICLE ON THE MARKET! None but the very licet grade of work put up by these Shops. PRICES LOW, and ONE PRICE TO ALL. ? Come to see us, and we will fit you up with the BEST Vehicle you ever rode in. CUNNINGHAM | FOWLER. BTJTST'S turnip seed; ALL KINDS. AJSJ> fruit jars, ?? AT - Simpson, ReicL & C?.'s DRUG STORE, Waverly House Corner, Anderson, S. C. July 23,1885 H. C. F. KOCH & SON, 6th Ave. & 20th St., N. Y. City, publish September 5th, their Fall and Winter Fashion Catalogue. ' A complote guide as to What to Wey? and WnEBE to But Economically everything for ?UdieV, Gents', Children's and Infants' wear. Housekeeping C iods, etc Beautifully illustrated ? with Fashion Plates and about 2,000 Engraving. t Piiou Lower than those of any other house in the United States. Satisfaction guaranteed in every case, Sent FBEB to any address, 5-4 Norfolk College for Young Ladies ?FPERS unparalleled advantages. New buildings, furnished with evory con? venience. Full Collegiate course of study. Each branch in charge of a specialist. Special provision for Music and Pa.nt ing. Conversation in French and German daily. For Catalogue, address R. H. WYNNE, Secretary, Norfolk, Va. August J3, 1885 5 4 iMILHiTE'S EYE WATER IS A SURE CURE FOR SORE EYES, OE ANY COMMON FORM OF INFLAMED EYES. WE SELL IT With the understanding that if it does^ot prove bene? ficial or effect a Cure, after directions have been carefully folr lowed, .the sum paid for it WILL BE REFUNDED. It has been sold on ? these conditions for the r past FIVE YEARS, . and aa yet we have NEVER HAD A COMPLAINT OF IT,. OR HEARD OF A CASE IT DID NOT CURE! dkl * i V -0 <: s LJ IT IS NOT A NEW PREPARATION, AND HAS BEEN USED FOR THIRTY YEARS, But has been only four or five years on the market as a PROPRIETARY MEDICINE. If you have never "used, it, or know nothing of its effects on EYES, Ask your neighbor, or son\.e one who has seen it tried. IT HAS CURED SEVERE CASES IN FROM SIX TO TWENTY-FOUR Price, 25 Gents per Bottle. WILHITE & WILHITE, PROPRIETORS, Aug. 20, 1885 6 MB. CUAS. it. MOISE'S ADDRESS AT BENNETTSYILLE. The" Beneficial Effects of Fruit Growing I anil VJno Culture upon the Health, Mor? ality and Happiness of the People. The following address, on fruit grow? ing and vine cnlture, was made by Mr. Ohas. H. Moise, of Sumter, at the recent "Joint summer meeting" at Bennetts ville: Trite politeness has been defined ?s follows i, ."To. listen with interest to things you* know all about, "when they are told to yo? by a man who knows nothing 'about'them."" This was said by the Duke de Morny, the right-band man of Napoleon III. I will not make such a demand upon the politeness of this joint meeting, for I would not presume to address practical farmers upon the management of agricultural matters. But I propose to oiler a few-, .thoughts, upon a iine'-wbicff'TTses above the aCtua operations of the field, the orchard and the vineyard, aud treats of the hygienic and humanitarian aspect of the subject. Id doing bo I will confine myself to a single branch of agriculture, viz: Fruit growing in its broadest sensed This honorable and interesting avoca? tion, aside from its practical uses, in? volves vast and far-reaching interests; nothing leas than health, sobriety and consequently,, happiness here and here? after. ' You have- all, doubtless, eSperlencec the pleasures which attend horticultural occupations. ! You know how much hap? piness arises from the careful observation of the wonderful .operations of nature; how sweet it is 16 watch the gradual unfolding of fruit blossoms; to notice the slow growth of the fruit, and mark the changes, which succeed each other, until, for example the ripe peach clothes itself with a down as delicate as that upon a maiden's cheek, and with colors which rival the hues of the rainbow. You know how delightful it is to eat the fruit of your own raising. Wbenjhe inspired writer wishes to describe the acme of domestic happiness, he speaks notof waving fields of golden grain, nor of. "lowing, herds," which "wend slowly o'er the Tea," but be tells us of that rural beatitude "when every man sits under bis own vine and under bis own fig tree." To such an extent does the love of nature, as shown in her works, pervade the Sacred Scriptures, that even in the dire extremity of war the chosen people were forbidden by law to destroy the enemy's fruit tree*, for, pays the lawgiver, "The tree of the field is man's life," meaning the .means by which man may live, and only of those trees which bore no fruit, it is Raid "shalt thou destroy and cut down." Again, "what man is he that hath planted a vineyard, and hath not yet eaten of it? Let him also go and return unto his house, lest be die in the battle and another man eat of it." In the Old Testament (King James's - version), fruit and kindred subjects are treated of in one hundred and forty pass? ages, and the vine, viz: grapes, vines, and wine in two hundred and forty-seven passages! The vast strides made in fruit growing' and vine culture in the past few years must have struck you forcibly. Persons like myself, who have passed tbo merid? ian of life, can easily remember the time when strawberries were Cultivated in small quantities and of inferior quality. Now they are grown in large fields, and are sent to distant markets by carloads. The dainty epicure of New York has paid as high as six dollars a quart for the earliest, while thousands of baskets sell annually at one dollar each. This little plant can yield more profit to the acre than the best sea island cotton or Joshua Ward's rice in their palmiest days. Those who are engaged in its cultivation may rightfully claim the strawberry leaf from the coronet of a tottering English nobility of birth, where it has been long recognized as an aristocratic emblem, and wear it proudly as a sign ot the only true nobility, the nobility of honorable labor. In like manner, did time permit, could I apeak of the rapid progress of the cul? tivation all the other berries; of the extensive orchards which flourish all over our State; of the vineyards which adorn the slopes of Barnwell, Aiken, Darling? ton and the entire Piedmont section of South Carolina; of the wines which are made in nearly all the counties removed from the seacoast; of the luscious mel? ons which are seui to market by special trains; of the figs which weigh down the Wide-spreading trees in the old "City by the Sea ;" of the railroad depots stacked up with crates of apples and peaches. All fhese, bear upon material and monetary interests. I come now to the higher theme, to the orchard and tht vineyard, as they affect the health, the virtue and the happiness of our peo? ple. As our State enjoys the same climate as middle and southern France and northern Italy, it follows that every fruit which flourishes in those favored regions of 'he earth will thrive on South Caroli? na soil. And so it is. The poraegranite, the fig and the orange perfume the moss clad live oak region of the coast; while the peach and its congeners, the nectarine and apricot, together with the plum and the grape, cover the middle section ; ftnd the hardy apple grows luxuriantly on the hillsides and mountains of the northwest counties. All ripe fruits are extremely whole some, and in our warm climate the long summer is shortened by the grateful food furnished by our prolific soil. ? , The health-giving quality of fruit has been sung in verse and rehearsed in prose by sacred, by classic and by modern authors. We cannot speak of the hygienic properties of all the fruits which grow in South Carolina. It would require a volume to tell the tale. Let mc take a single example, the apple. At one time it was the common crab-apple of Europe and Asia; but by careful 'culti? vation it had risen, at a very early period of history, to a high position among the most valued kinds of food, and now the persistent labors of pomologists have produced not less than two thousand varieties! This luscious fruit has been highly prized, in all ages, for its beauty, itx delicious taste, but above all for ks health-giving qualities. We find it frequently mentioned in the "Song of Solomon ;" in "Proverbs" the most precious portion of the eye, the pupil, is called the "apple of the eye." The ancient Eomans concluded their famous banquets with apples, and the proverb "ab ovo usque ad viala" which has been handed down to us by Horace and Cicero, originated in the custom of beginning the feast with "eggs" and ending them with "apples." These, however, were not the same fruit as the "golden apples" of the Scrip? tures and the classics. The latter were , "oranges," from "aurentium," "golden," the color of that delightful fruit. Of these and of the whole family of the 1 "citrus," embracing oranges, lemons,, limes and citron, it is unnecessary to' speak. They are not only extremely pleasant as food, but enter largely into the domain of remedial agencies. Of apples proper the best kinds con? tain from 7 to 10 per cent, of sugar, and from 3 to 1 per cent, of tboae albuminous substances essential to the human organ? ism. Were not apples in so great demand in their character as food it would be profitable to convert them into sugar, for they contain double the quantity of sac? charine matter to be found in beets, which are extensively cultivated in Europe for sugar-making, The healthfulness of apples as food is well known. The learned and eccentric Burton asserts, on the authority of "Lau? rentius/' (by which adjective he seems to describe Pliny, the younger, so-called from the laurel trees of his estate near Lauren tum,) that apples will cure mel? ancholy. Be this as it may, we know that tbey.promote digestion and sleep. We have the highest authority for saying that people, whose ordinary beverage is apple cider, are entirely ex? empt from stone or gravel in the bladder and all kindred diseases?diseases which are seldom curable, even in their incipi ency, but when permitted to take hold of the human system are attended by great suffering, and usually terminate fatally. In addition to its many pleasing and healthful qualities, the apple possesses a rare and valuable feature. It may be kept sound for a considerable length of time, and retains its original flavor and taste to the last. The Southern States purchase thou sands of barrels of apples every year. Why should this be so ? South Carolina alone could supply the entire South, and send millions of bushels to other States. By so doing, we would keep money at home which now swells the surfeited coffers of the North, increase our wealth, and by cheapening this excellent fruit greatly improve the health of our people. So much for apples. Before leaving this branch of my sub? ject I am tempted to say a word about the "olive" and the "fig." Instead of raising olives, as we do camelias, as a garden curiosity, and in? stead of depending upon the generous fig tree to bear what it will ? in some de? serted corner of our premises, we can raise extensive crops of both by proper care and industry. The earliest settlers on our coast brought olive plants from France, and intended to raise them on a large scale j but rice, accidentally intro? duced, native indigo, and finally the Minotaur, Ling Cotton, drove the hum? ble olive plant into oblivion. Yet the olive grows and flourishes in many parts of our State. I have seen an olive tree, as high up as Columbia, covered with fruit and as large as an ordinary oak. It is a most wonderful tree and will con? tinue bearing at the age of two hundred years. Some trees were planted in Geor? gia in 1835 whjcb produced olives from which oil was made equal to the best imported from Bordeaux. Olive oil surpasses all other fatty substances as a culinary agent, and were it not rendered so dear by an unrighteous and unfair tariff duty, would soon drive those wretched impostures sold as "pure leaf lard" and "Goshen butter" from the kitchens of our Southern homes. This valuable and most wholesome plant can be raised in unlimited quantities upon our soil, and its general use would greatly improve the health of our people. The fig tree requires very little culti? vation. At a very trifling co3t We might raise figs enough to supply all the de? mand for the table, in a fresh or dried I condition, and have millions of pounds I to export to less favored lands. The fig tree, with its wide scope, from the dear little "celestial," through all the stages of "white," "blue," "black," &c.; though its various species of elastic gums such as caoutchouc, up to the celebrated ban* yan tree, with its vast extent, covering sometimes a space of five hundred feet in circumfereuce, presents posibilities to the agriculturist which are almost dazzling to the imagination. Without pursuing this interesting theme, it may be safely asserted that we could easily turn the tables upon Smyrna, and cause the busy merchants of that thriving Turkish city to seek another market for their "dried figs," in cartoons, drums and boxes, by raising figs enough to sup? ply the American market, and to com? pete with the best deine in every Europ? ean port. A single fig tree in Micanopy, Florida, bears over fifty bushels every year. The fig is the chief article of food for thousands of human beings. In its fresh condition it is peculiarly grateful and wholesome in our climate, and has valuable curative qualities. . As much as has been said of the apple, the olive and the fig, may with truth, be asserted of many of the other fruits which are easily raised upon our soil. It is generally conceded that a large portion of the food which is eaten in this country is positively injurious to health. Even if the viands are whole some, there is an intemperance in eating as in drinking. The habit of gluttony grows imperceptibly, and the man who commences to undermine his constitution by on occasional indulgence, soon sinks to the level of the brute; yea, even below the brute; for the animal kingdom eat only to live, while there are many men who, unfortunately for themselves, live only to eat. Some writers affirm that as many per? sons die annually from excesses in eating as in drinking. It is well known that nearly all fruits, when sound and ripe, are admirably adapted to sustain the human body? while many of them possess valuable medicinal qualities. This species of food cannot be eaten to excess. FruiU are bo easily assimilated that they produce no strain upon the disgestive organs. They afford a light, agreeable and entirely harmless diet, and their beneficial effects extend to the mind as well as the body. If, by the increased cultivation of these delightful and healthful articles of food, you can place them within the reach of all the inhabitants of the iotate, you will have conferred a boon upon the people which will entitle you to their lasting gratitude. Your labors will do more good than the efforts of the most accomplished physicians. The most skilful doctor can only minister to a diseased body, and he must frequently fail to effect a cure. It is the noble priv? ilege of the fruit grower to preserve in its natural health and vigor the body of man, that casket of the soul, which has been endowed by our Heavenly Father with wonderful functions and powers. In the words of Shakespeare: "What a piece of work is a man! how noble in reason! bow infinite in faculties! in form and moving how express and admi? rable ! in action how like an angel! in appearance how like a God!" To save this "paragon of nature" from disease and death, bodily and mental, is indeed a task worthy of our highest as? pirations. Let us now inquire what can the vine grower accomplish towards removing from the people of this great country that physical and moral scourge, under the cruel lashes of which the health and character of the American people are now continually lacerated, and their very lives endangered. I allude to the dread? ful plague of drunkenness. It is not necessary for mo to describe the appalling consequences which follow upon the inordinate indulgence in intox icating liquors. I need not relate how millions of humau beings, "created in the image of God," are anniially added to the lazarhouse, already crowded with beggars, maniacs and criminals, by means of alcoholic drinks. It is useless to dwell upon the painful fact that alcoholism not only rums the individual who practices it, but also sends its baneful effects down to genera? tions yet unborn ; that in the drunkard's blood the dread prediction of Holy Writ is sadly fulfilled, for his sin is literally "visited upon the third and fourth gen? erations." The mo?t reliable writers agree as to t\fi terrible effects of bard drinking upon the descendants of the drunkard. Not only do his children and bis children's children inherit the habit of alcoholism, but they are peculiarly liable to all the various degrees of idiocy and minia; the male are naturally inclined to every vice, and many of the females are nor* j mally inclined to prostitution. Judges, high in rank and of great ex? perience, (among others Chief Justice Coleridge when he was simply a Judge,) testify to the fact that a very large pro? portion of persons who are convicted of crime have been, or are at the time, ad? dicted to the inordinate use of intoxicat? ing liquors. .. i;, When we think of the sin, the misery inflicted upon innocent wives, mothers and children; the millions upon millions of dollars annually wasted in the worship of this modern "Moloch ;" the diversion of immense granaries of corn which ought to go into the general markets of the world, and thus reduce the price of the poor man's bread; the physical, men? tal and moral deterioration of the human race, which in this country threatens its very existence, we stand appalled at the horrible record. The life of a nation depends upon the lives of the individuals who constitute the nation. What, then, shall we say of the fnture of America, cursed as it is by the drunkard, past, present and future; when we discover that the expectatiou of life as between drunkards and moderate drinkers is about as follows: The Temperate Drunkard. Man. At 20 years. 15.5 yrs. 44.2 30 . 13.8 36.4 40 . 11.6 28.7 50 . 19.8 21.2 60 .;. 8.9 14.2 ("Deterioration and Race Education." Samuel Royce, third edition, Boston, 1880. Vol. I, p. 429.) The temperate man at twenty years of age will outlive the drunkard nearly three years to one. Truly does Mr. Royce say that drunk? enness is the bridge .vbich connects pau? perism to insanity, and these three to? gether threatened the complete destruc? tion of the human race. We all know the extent of the evil. The question is what is the true remedy ? Mankind in all countries and at all ages of the world have required stimu? lants. Eminent authorities, among oth? ers Dr. Balfour, contend that the mode? rate use of stimulants tends rather to a healthy action than to excess, and actu? ally keeps the people temperate by satis? fying a reasonable requiremeot of human nature. Another able writer says: "A nation? al love for strong drink is characteristic of the nobler and more energetic popu? lations of the worldV' Again, "it accom? panies public and private enterprise, constancy of purpose, liberality of thought and aptitude for war." Dr. Parks has shown by experiments with soldiers in the British army, living upon a constant diet without and with alcohol, (of course in moderate quanti? ties,) that there was no perceptible differ? ence between the two classes. Dr. Dupre has discovered that when persons abstain from alcoholic drinks for six weeks, and even in the case of a tee? totaller, a substance is formed in the hu? man system "giving all the reactions or? dinarily used for the detection of the traces of alcohol." ? Alcohol is latent in a vast number of vegetable productions. It is a principal of animal life. A wise Creator would not have placed it there unless it were useful to man. Having to deal with a natural desire for stimulants, and one, which when indulged in moderation, produces good instead of harm, it seems to be the part of wisdom rather to direct men to a safe method of gratifying this natural craving, than to attempt the im? possible task of altering the natural in? stincts implanted within us by the Crea? tor himself. All movements in the direction of so called temperance, but in fact tc tal ab? stinence, have thus far ended in failure. And from the very nature of the case must always prove ineffectual. Prohibition only drives the liquor traffic out of sight. Just as usury laws increase the rate of interest to the bor? rower, because the lender has to charge a certain amount to cover the risk of detec? tion and punishment consequent thereon, so does the liquor-seller add to his usual selling price enough to bribe the police, or if not that, at least to idemnify him? self if detected against the expense of prosecution and the fines and penalties which follow upon conviction. Both the money-lender and the liquor-dealer will be sure to charge too much additional profit rather than too little. Thus the unfortunate inebriate pays for his indul? gence a still higher price, and the tern*! perate man is compelled to pay for the sin of his drunken neighbor. The sale of the liquor is not discontinued nor even reduced, nut the wife and children of all drinkers, whether temperate or intemper? ate, are mulcted for the sake of an im? practicable idea. Prohibition does not prohibit. I annex a few examples clipped from recent newspapers, and will add my own experience. Iu the town of Sumter we tried prohibition one year. During that time there were eleven barrooms regu? larly plying their vocation. The next year we fixed the license at six hundred dollars per annum, and we had only six barrooms open. The Washington National Republican says that prohibition in Iowa has proved to be an utter and absolute failure, pro? ducing much evil and no good. The first year of the new system expired on July 4, and the statistics show that the number of drinking saloons increased during the year, that drunkenness has been more common than before, and that not one of the good results which had been foretold has been realized. The temperance peo? ple in Iowa, if the Republican ia correct? ly informed, went too far and too fast. A whosale liquor house in Atlanta sells a carload of white jugs a month. They are filled with whiskey and are sold prin? cipally iu the prohibition counties. The dealers say that "in addition to getting cash for what wo sell we charge from fifty cents to one dollar a gallon more when we sell to a prohibition County than we do when we sell to any other section." In like manner, as usury laws add to the difficulty of borrowing money except at very high rates, the immorality of law-breaking by both borrower and lend? er, so does prohibition not only increase the cost of liquor, but degrades both buy* er and seller by converting them into knaves and liars, A system of higher licenses will not affect the quantity of liquor sold nor decrease the number of drunkards. It merely throws the business into the hands of a smaller number of dealers, and com? pels the habitual drunkard to pay for the license in every drink he takes. Such a system will of course increase the reve? nue of the town or city and enable the corporation to afford a better protection against disorder and riot, but it does not stop nor even diminish the sale of liquor. Temperance societies effect very little good. They commence with a misnomer. Temperance is derived from the Latin verb "tempefare," to mingle, to mix, to moderate or modify, and its application is to be found in the ancient custom of mixing wine and water together, so as to reduce the intoxicating power of the beverage. All the nations of antiquity were temperate, as compared with the moderns. The Egyptians were a sober people. They him parley wine for . the poor, and the fine grape wines of the district of Fyoum for those better off. These wines were both abundant and cheap, and when too strong were mixed with water. The Jews bad two kinds of wine, fermented and unfermented. The former was the cheaper of the two, and was that in common use among the people ; - hence there were occasional instances of excesss in drinking. The unfermented wine was preserved by boil? ing, and was nsed by the higher classes and upon all religious occasions. The Greeks and Romans mixed their fermented wine with water, and they both understood the art of preserving unfermented wine by boiling, which they probably learned from the Jews. When a Greek or a Roman drank unmixed wine they were said to drink like Scythians, or Thracians (Russians or Romelians.) The Arabs drank wine in moderation. "Their most illustrious cavaliers cultivated their gardens with their own hands." The season of the vintage was a favorite time with them, "when the fruit of the' grape not abused to the injury of man's power were gathered into their garners." (Conde's "Arabs in Spain.") All these nations practiced temperance,-but the modern zealot is intemperate in his total abstinence. Wollaston's "Religion of Nature" tells us that temperance permits us the use of drink for thirst and as an "innocent cor? dial against the evils of life," and some times '"merely for pleasure." The total abstinence men proceed upon a wrong principle, If they desire to improve the health and morals of the people they should direct their efforts towards masses of human beings and not towards individual delinquents. The reforming of drunkards is not the high? est aim of the true philanthropist. "Prevention is better than cure." In order to deal with the enormous evil of drunkenness the true reformer must address himself to men as God has made them. The pledge of the habitual drink? er is too often "like dicers' oaths," made only to be broken, and to his fearful crime he too often adds falsehood and a total indifference to the obligation of an oath. The only feasible cure for drunkenness is to direct the natural taste for stimulants into a harmless channel. We must fur? nish men with something which, while supplying the demand implanted by God into the nature of mac, will not prove injurious to his health or morality. This great desideratum is only to be found in an abundant supply of cheap and good wine. In the South of Europe, where pure wine is cheap, drunkards are seldom seen. Among the ancient nations, who had wine in abundance, excesses in drinking was very rare. If men must have stimulants, which seems the universal rule, surely it is better to use "wine which maketh glad the heart of man," than to consume those strongly alcoholic liquors which contain over 50-,per cent, ofthat dangerous spirit, of to follow the example of the four hundred millions of the yellow races who besot themselves with opium. in revealed religion can condemn the moderate use of wine. The Jew cannot say grace at his dinner table without thanking God for the "fruit of the vine." He cannot marry without wiue. He cannot initiate his infant son into the covenant of Abraham without wine. He cannot celebrate the anniversary of the Exodus without wine. The conclud? ing words of his most solemn fast, on bis great day of atonement, are as follows: "Go, eat thy bread and drink thy wine in peace, for thy God hath forgiven thy transgressions." j The Christians cannot partake of the communion table without wine. The pages of the New Testament are full of evidence that the moderate use of wine was sanctioned by Him who has left to all men the most perfect epitome of prayer and the Sermon on the Mount. Both Jew and Christian regard the Old Testament as divinely inspired. Yet. in its sacred pages wine, and fermented wine too, is not only permitted, but advised as beneficial to man. Wines, when not adulterated to suit the vitiated tastes of English topers, con? tain not over an average of 10 to 20 per cent, of alcohol. For those who do not desire any alcohol at all very good unfer? mented wine can be had, Buch as is made for medicinal and sacramental purposes. The light wines of Europe contain very litte alcohol. I have recently seen an advertisement of Heidsick champagne, guaranteed to contain not over 10 per cent, of alcohol. Of such wines as these does the Rev. Adam Clarke say: "Wine in moderate quantity has a wondrous ten? dency to revive and invigorate the human being." "Ardent spirits exhilarate, but they exhaust the strength, and every dose leaves man the worse. Wine, on the contrary, exhilarates and invigorates. It makes him cheerful, and provides for the continuance of that cheerfulness by 1 strengthening the muscles and bracing the nerves." Thus the testimony of experience, the deductions of science, the judgment of mankind, the gravely considered and solemnly announced opinion of one of the greatest lights of modern theology and the pages of Scripture unite in com? mending pure wine, not only as au inno? cent, but as a beneficial beverage for men to use, Farmers of South Carolina! you have it in your power to contribute largely to the health, sobriety, morality, longevity and happiness of the people among whom you live, and of whom you are an impor? tant part. When, in addition to making the great crops which feed and clothe mankind, you have covered our State with orchards and vineyards, when you have made good fruit and pure wine, so abundant and cheap as to be within the reach of the poor, then will you have performed a great and useful work. Then will peace, plenty and-happiness reign supreme within our borders. Our jails will be empty, our poorhouscs and lunatic asy? lums will be closed, and our good old State will resemble the blessed land of Judea, of which Johu Wilson says: "The country as a whole exhibited such a high cultivation, rich and varied pro lever duce and widespread plenty and content? ment as the world has never yet else* where produced on an equally extensive scale!" Blowing np a Steamboat. Philadelphia, August 17.?A boiler explosion occurred on the steamer S. 3f. Fellon off Chestnut street wharf this morning, just after she had left her dock on her tnp to Wilmington, Del. The passengers and crew were startled by the explosion, which shook the boat from stem to stern, and when the smoke clear* ed away it was fonnd that the entire forward part of the vessel above the water line had been badly damaged and several passengers injured, some of them severely. The pilot house and entire upper deck was lifted and fell to the lower deck. Tugs took the boat in charge and rescued the passengers. The mischief was not caused by the explosion of boilers, and there is already a settled conviction that it was the work of design. The explosion occurred in the bow of the boat forward of the boil? ers, where no freight is ever stowed. One boiler head is cracked across and deeply indented, but the indentation is from without and not within, as wonld have been thejcase if the explosive force had been inside the boiler. Many persons affirm that the air was filled with the fumes of some kind of powder, and the completeness of the wreck of the forward part of the boat suggests dynamite or some equally powerful explosive of small bulk which could be earned on the boat as a parcel of hand luggage, and the lo? cation precludes the possibility of it hav? ing been sent aboard as freight. The air is fall of conjecture. The boat belonged to the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, and is large and well equipped. About two hundred passengers were on board when the explosion occurred. There has been considerable rivalry be? tween the Felton and other boats running to Wilmington, and reports have gained ground that some malicious person placed an explosive on deck. The wrecked upper works took fire and a frightful panic ensued. This was speedily check* ed by the coolness of a number of men who drove the women and children aft and prevented many frantic women from leaping overboard. Besides those seri? ously hurt a large number were almost or quite stunned by the shock. An incident of the disaster was the presence of some Sisters of Charity, who seemed in no way excited or affected by the terrific upheav? al. They passed quietly among the shrieking passengers, searching out the wounded, and in one case one of the Sisters was seen to make bandages out of her clothing. The promptness with, which assistance came from all sides from passing steamers and from shore allayed the panic and prevented the lire from spreading. The passengers were taken ashore and the steamer was towed down the stream. She is not injured below the water line, and beyond the tearing away of her works forward is uninjured. It is said that the cost of repairing her will not exceed fifteen hun? dred dollars. The list of injured so far as known numbers sixteen, a half-dozen of them so seriously that some of them will die. A number of legs and arms were broken. One man had a foot blown off and was crushed internally. < It seemB marvellous that half the peo? ple on board escaped death. Eye-wit? nesses say that at the moment of the explosion everything became enveloped in darkness and the boat rocked as if in a heavy storm. It was supposed that no one leaped over board, but a man who seenred a life-preserver afterwards came ashore at Walnut street wharf, apparent? ly uninjured. The passengers were most? ly women, taking babies for a fresh air trip on the river. Their remarkable escape is accounted for by the fact that but few of them were in the forward end of the steamer and the forward canvas awning had not been set, and the sun, shining there made the passengers seek t cooler spots in the stern of the ooat. IlV the canvas had been set and the passen? gers congregated on the forward deck a large number would have been killed or wounded. If a hole had been blown in the boiler no doubt many of the 200 per? sons on board of the boat would have been scalded to death. Recognizing Confederate Rank. Gen. Gordon relates an incident of his experience in New York which appeared to have touched him very deeply. He was complimented in the first place by being invited to act as aide upon Gen. Hancock's staff. When he called to report for duty he was handed an order which directed staff officers to take their positions in the lines according to their rank. Gen. Gordon was embarrassed when he read this. He had held one of the highest of offices in the Confederate army, but under the existing order of things he had no rank. So he solved the vexed question of his position by going modestly to the end of the line below every one of the regular army officers down to the humblest. But he was not permitted to remain there. An aide from General Hancock came galloping and directed Gen. Gordon as the ranking officer to take his position at the head of the staff next to Hancock himself. This recognition of his old grade deeply touched Gen. Gordon, not that he cared anything for the position itself. He is too much of a man of the world to be moved about trifles, but the spirit of courtesy and friendliness that dictated the offer stirred his chivalrous nature to its fullest depths. Again at tha tomb Gen. Gordon fell'back, deciding to yield the place to some of Gen. Hancock's regular military associates. But even then be was foiled in his attempt by the watchful courtesy of Gen. Hancock. Word came quickly to Gen. Gordon that he was out oi position and he was direct? ed to move up above Gen. Roger Jones and hold his place until the close of the ceremony. ? On last Saturday William Robbs went out alone to haul some stock to mill, and used his mule to help pull the log on the wagon. The mule suddenly Save back, and the log rolled down on im, crushing him beneath it. He left home about 7 in the morning, and at 6 o'clock some ladies passing the road near by heard his cries and groans. Follow? ing the sound they found him still alive with the huge log lying across his chest ?too heavy for them to move. They hurried for assistance, but when it came he was unconscious and died in a few hours. He was a hard working, indus? trious young man, about 25 years old, and leaves a young wife.?Sparlanburg Herald. ? We have some of the laziest negroes in ;the world right here in Palatka, says the Herald, and in Summer they live on catfish and melons. We saw one of these lazy creatures the other day. He had his fishing line tied to his dog's hind leg, and when a fish would bite he would give bis dog a kick. ? The timber work of the domes of the Church of St. Mark, at Venice, is more than 840 years old, and i* ?t;U in a good state.