Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY E. B. MUERAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. O, THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 9, 1884. VOLUME XX.?NO. 13. WILKITES IS A SURE CURE FOB SOEE EYES. Or any common form of inflamed eyes. WE SELL IT V With the imderstanding that if it does apt prove, bene ficial;or effect a Cure, , \ : after directions have been careftdly fol? lowed, the sum paid for it ":'i> j"*>."'<;.'/'-. WILL BE REFUNDED. Xt has been sold on ?\ ." these ccnditionafor the v past FOUR YEARS, and as yet we have aCoilitoflt Or beard of a Case IT DID HOT CURE! IT IS NOT A NEW PEEPAIIATION, '.V,' .,?.._ . ; . ? ' ' I AND HAS BEEN USED FOR THIRTY YEARS, But has been only four or five years or^ the market as a PROPRIETARY MEDICINE If you have never used it, or know noth? ing of iis effects on SORE EYES, Ask your neighbor, or some one who has seen it tried. It has cured SEVERE cases in from six to twenty four hours. Me, 25c. jfir Bol. WILHITE & WILHITE, PROPRIETORS. Sept 25,1884 11 ly i (HJ? WOMEN IN THB^ WAR. HOSPITAL SCENES. Miss Emily V. Mason, of Lexington, Va., in Charleston Weekly News. One day there was brought into the hospital a fine looking young Irishman covered with blood and appearing to be in a dying condition. He was of a Sa? vannah regiment, aud the comrades who were detailed to bring him to us stated that in passing Lynchburg they bad descended at the station and hurrying to regain the train this man had jumped from the ground to the platform. Almost instantly he was seized with vomiting blood. It was plain he had ruptured a blood vessel, and they had feared he would not live to get to a hospital. Ten* derly he was lifted from the litter and every effort made to staunch the bleeding. We were not allowed to wash or dress him, speak, or make the slightest noise to agitate him. As I pressed a handker? chief upon his lips he opened his eyes and fixed them upon me with an eager? ness which showed me he wished to say something. By this time we had become quick to interpret the looks and motions! of the poor fellows committed to our hands. Dropping upon my kees, I made the sign of the Cross. We saw the answer in his eyes.. He was a Catholic, and wanted a priest to prepare him for death. Softly and distinctly I promised to -send for a priest, should death be imminent, and reminded him that upon [his obedience to the orders to be quiet, and not agitate mind or body., depended his life and his hope of speaking "wbea. the priest should appear. With childlike submission he closed his eyes and lay so still that we had to touch his pulse from time to time to be assured that he lived. With the morning the bleeding ceased, and he was able to swallow medicine and nourishment, and in another day he was allowed to say a few words. Soon he asked for the ragged jacket, which, ac? cording to rule, bad been placed under his pillow, and took from the lining a a silver watch, and then a $100 United States , banknote greeted our wondering eyes. It must have been worth $1,000jo Confederate money, and that a poor soldier should own so much at this crisis of oar fate was indeed a marvel. I took charge of his treasures till he could tell us his history and say what should be done with them when death, which was inevitable, came to him. Though re? lieved from fear of immediate death, It was evident that he had fallen, into a rapid decline. Fever and cough and those terrible ''night sweats" soon reduc? ed] this stalwart form to emaciation. Patient' and uncomplaining he had but one anxiety, and this was for the fate of the treasures he had guarded through three long years in battle and in bivouac, in hunger and thirst and nakedness. A STORY FOR BANK CASHIERS. . He was with bis regiment at Bull Bun, and after the battle, seeing a wounded Federal leaning against a tree and appa? rently dying, be went to him and found j he belonged to a Now York regiment and that he was. an Irishman. Supporting the dying man and praying beside him, he received his last words, and with them his watch and a one hundred dollar banknote which he desired should be given to his Bister. .Our Irishman readi? ly promised she should have this inheri? tance7 "when the war ended," and at the earliest opportunity sewed the money in the lining of his jacket and hid away the watch, keeping them safely through every change and amidst every tempta? tion which beset the poor soldier in those trying days. He was sure that he would "some day" get to New York and be able to restore these things to the rightful owner.v Even at this late day he held the same belief and could not be persua? ded that the meney was a "fortnnate of war ;" that he had a right to spend it for his own comfort, or to will it to whom be would; that even were tho war over and he in New York it would be impossible to find the owner with so vague a clew as he possessed. "And did yon go barefoot and ragged1 and hungry all these three years," asked the Burgeon, "with this money in your pocket? Why, yon might have sold it I and been a rich man and have done a world of good." "Sure, Doctor, it was not mine to give," was the simple answer of the dying man. "If it please Almighty God when the war is done I thought to go to New York and advertise in the papers for Mrs. Bridget O'Reilly and give it to her own hand." "But," I urged, "there must be hun? dreds of that name in the great City of New York; how would you decide should dishonest ones come to claim this mon? ey ?? "Sure I would have it called by the priest out from God's holy Altar," he replied, after a moment's thought. It was hard to destroy in the honest fellow the faith that was in him. With the priest who came to see him he argued I after the same fashion, and as his death approached we had to get the good Bishop to settle this matter of "con ! science money." The authority of so high a functionary prevailed, and the dying man was induced to believe he had a right to dispose of this little fortune. The watch he wished to send to an Irish I man of Savannah who had been a friend, ! a brother to him, for he bad come with ! him from tho "old country." And for I the money! he had heard that the little I orphans of Savannah had had no milk for two long years. He would like "all that money to be spent in milk for them." ] A lady, who went South the day after we buried him, took the watch and the money and promised to see carried out the last will and testament of this honest heart. \ A TEMPEST IN THE PEAPOT. As the war went on, and provisions be came scarcer, and our appetites more voracious, only peas, dried peas, seemed plenty, and these were old, often musty, and generally filled with worms. We made them up in every variety of form of which dried peas are capable, only they were not canned. In soup they appeared one day, cold peas the second, then they were fried, (when we bad grease;) baked peas came on the fourth day, and then began again the soup. I could but sympathize with the convales? cents who clamored loudly for change, but what could we do when there were but peas, cornbread and sorghum ! At length convalescing nature could stand it no longer. I was told the men had refused to eat peas, and had thrown them over the clean floor, and daubed them on the freshly whitewashed walls of their diningroom. The unkindest cut of all was, then, that this little rebellion was headed by a one-armed man, who had been long in hospital, a great sufferer, and in consequence had been pampered with wheatened bread and otherwise "spoiled." Like naughty school boys, I found these men throwing my boiled peas at each other, pewter plates and spoons flying about, and the walls and floor covered with fragments of the offensive viand. "What does this mean ?" I asked. "Do you Southern men complain of food which we women eat without repug? nance? Are you not ashamed to be so dainty? I suppose you want pios and cakes." "They are filled with worms," a rude voice cried. "I do not believe you eat i the same ?" ! "Let me taste them," I replied, taking a plate from before a man and eating with his pewter spoon. "This is from the same peapot. Indeed, we have but one pot for us all, and I spent hours this morning picking out the worms, which do not injure the taste and are perfectly harmless. It iB .good, wholesome food." "Mighty colicky, anyhow," broke in an old man. The men laughed, but I went on taking no notice of a fact which all admitted. "Peas are the best fighting .lod. The Government gives it to us on principle. There were McClellan's men eating good beef, canned fruits and vegetables, trying for seven days to get to Bichmond, and we, on dried peas, kept them hack. I shall always believe that had we eaten his beef and they our peas, the result would have been different." This was received with roars of laugh? ter, but the men in good humor, and they ate the peas which remained, washed tbe floor and cleaned the walls. Such ib the variable temper of the Boldier?eager to resent real or imaginary wrongs, but quick to return to good hu? mor and fuu. But the spoiled one-armed man had Gen. Lee's socks put on him and went to his regiment the next day. the story of gen. lee's socks. Speaking of Gen. Lee's socks?an "institution" peculiar to our hospitals? I must explain itsorigin and uses. Be? urigs, that,, .M?W^ftfl^gp>TT4iv^nst nf_her time in making gloves and socks for the soldiers. She gave me at one time sev? eral pair of Gen. Lee's old socks, so darned that we saw they had been well worn by our hero. We, kept those to apply to the feet of those laggard "old soldiers" who were suspected of prefering the "luxury" of hospital life to the activ? ity of the field. And such was the effect of the application of these warlike socks that even a threat of it had the effect of sending a man to his regiment who had been lingering months in inactivity. It came to be a standing joke in the hospital infinitely enjoyed by the men. If a poor wretch was out of his bed over a week he would be threatened with "Gen. Lee's socks," and through this means some most obstinate chronic cases were cured. Four of the most determined rheumatic patieuts who had resisted scarifying of the limbs, and what was worse, the small? est and thinest of diets, were sent to their regiments and did good service afterwards. With these men the socks had to be left on several hours, amidst shouts of laughter from the "assistants," showing that though men may resist pain and starvation they succumb directly to ridicule. a heroic young officer. It was after the battle of Federicks burg?the Wilderness perhaps?we were ordered to have ready eight hundred beds, for so many our great held hospital accommodated. The convalescents and tbe "old soldier," with rheumatism and chronic disorders, who would not get well, were sent to town hospitals, and we made ready for tbe night when should come in the eight hundred. The Bal aklava charge was uothing to it. They came so fast it was impossible to dress snd examine them. So upon the floor of the receiving wards (long, low buildings hastily put up) tbe nurses placed in rows on each side their ghastly burdens, cov? ered with blood and dirt, stiff with mud and gravel from the little streams in which they often fell. The female nurses, armed with pails of toddy or milk, pass? ed up and dowji giving to each man a reviving drink to prepare him for tbe examination of the surgeons, while oth? ers, with water and sponges, wet the stiff bandages. As I passed round looking to see who was most in need of help and should first be washed and borne to his bed, I was especially attracted by one group. A young officer lay with his head upon the lap of another equally distinguished looking man, while a negro man-servant stood by in great distress. I offered a drink to the wounded man, saying: "You are badly hurt, I fear." "Oh no," he replied. "Do not mind me, but help tbe poor fellow next me, who is groaning and crying. He is wounded in the wrist. There is nothing bo painful as this. Besides, you see I have my friend, a young physician, with me and a servant to ask for what I need." So passing on to the man with the wounded wrist, I stopped to wet it again and again, to loosen the tight bandage and say a comforting word, and so on and on, till I lost sight of this interesting group where all were so interesting, and forgot it till in the early morning I saw the same persons. The handsome young officer was being borne on a litter to the amputating room, between his two friends. His going first of all the wounded heroes proved that his was the most urgent case. Bushing to his side, I reproached him with having deceived me with his cheer? ful face. "Only a leg to be taken off," he said. "An every day affair." I followed to see him laid upon the terrible table which had proved fatal to so many. Not only was his leg to be taken off at tbe thigh, an operation from which few recovered, but he had two wounds beside. From this moment I really lost sight of this doomed man. He was of a Louisi? ana regiment, (the Washington Artillery, I think,) for he came from Washington on the Bed Biver. One could see that he was of refined and cultivated people, that he was the darling of the parents of whom he constantly spoke. Yet he never complained of his rude straw couch or seemed to miss the comforts which we would fain have given him, nor did he lament his untimely fate or utter a mur? mur over pangs which would have mov? ed the stoutest heart. He could not lie upon bis back, for a gaping wound ex? tended from his shoulder far dowu upon it, nor get upon one side, for there the arm was crushed. We were forced to swing him from the ceiling. And soon the terrible leg became covered with the fatal gangrene, and all the burning of this proud flesh could not keep death from the door. In the burning fevers, in the wild delirium, every word betrayed a pure and noble heart full of love to god, to country and to home. Onlv could he be quieted by the sound of music. We took turns, my sister and I, to sit beside him and sing plaintive hyms, when he wou'd be still and mur? mur "sing, pray, pray," and so we sung and prayed for three long weeks, till we saw tbe end draw near, and lowered him in his bed that bis "dull ear" might hear our words and his cold hands feel our warm touch. One evening he had been lying bo still that we could hardly feel his breath, and the rough men of the ward had gathered about the bed, still and solemn. Suddenly the pale face lighted with a lovely glow, the dim eyes shone brilliantly, and be rose in his bed with outstretched arms as if to clasp some visible being, ind his voice clear and cheerful rang jut: "Come down beautiful ladies, come." "He sees a vision," cried the awestrick en men. We all knelt. The young soldier fell back?dead! In another ward lay upon the floor two young men just taken from au am? bulance dead, as was supposed. Their heads were enveloped in bloody banda? ges, and the little clothing they had was glued to their bodies with mud and gravel. Hastily examining them, the surgeon ordered them to the "Dead house." I prayed they might be left till morning and bent over them with my ear upon the heart to try and detect a faint pulsation, but in vain. But neither of tbem had the rigidity of death in their limbs, as I heard tbe surgeon remark. Turning them over he pointed to the wounds below the ear, the jaws shattered, and one or both eyes put out, and re? minded me that even could they be brought to life it would be to an exist? ence worse than death. Blind, deaf, perhaps unable to eat, and he muttered something about "wasting time on the dead which was needed for the living." "Life is sweet," I replied, "even to the blind and tbe deaf and dumb, and these men may be the darlings of some fond hearts who will love them more in their helplessness than in their 'sunniest hours.'" And so I kept my "dead men," and the more I examined tbe youngest one the more was my interest excited. His hands, small and well formed, betokened the gentleman. His bare feet were of the same type, though cut by stones and covered with sand and gravel. After searching for a mouth to these bundles of rags, we forced a small spoon between tbe lipa with a drop of milk punch and bad the satisfaction to perceive that it -did not.ooze.pnt, but disappeared some? where, and all night long iu' making, car rounds and passing the "dead men," we pursued the same process. At length, with the morning, tbe great pressure was over and we found a surgeon ready to examine and dress again these wounds, and we were permitted to cut away by bits tbe stiff rags from their bodies, wash and dress them, pick out the gravel from their torn feet and wrap them in greased linen. With what joy we heard the first faint sigh and felt the first weak pulsation 1 Hour after hour, day after day, these men lay side by side, and were fed drop by drop from a tube less we should strangle them. The one least wounded never recovered his mind, which had been shattered with bis body. He was rather of the earth earthy and soon returned to his mother earth, while the younger one, though he could neither speak nor see, and hear but little, showed in a thousand ways that, though his mind wandered at times, he was aware of what went on about him, and was gentle and grateful to all who served him. As he had come in without cap or knapsack, and there was no clue to his identity, over his; bed was marked "name and regiment unknown." In the meanwhile, by flag of truce from the North, had come newspapers and letters making inquiries for a young man who, in a fervor of enthusiasm, had run away from school in England to fight the battles of the South. His mother having been a South Carolinian, he told his father he bad gone to fight for his mother country, and for bis moth? er's grave! Traced to Charleston, he was known to have gone to tbe army of Northern Virginia, and to have entered the battle of the Wilderness as color* bearer to his regiment, in bare feet. As nothing had,been heard of him since the battle, be was reported dead, but his dis? tracted friends begged that the hospitals about Richmond might be examined to see if any trace of him could be found. We saw instantly that this runaway boy was our unknown patient. Informed of our suspicions, tbe. assistant surgeon general came himself to see and examine him, being himself a Carolinian and a friend of his mother's family. But the boy either would not or could not under? stand the questions addressed to him. And so >.eeks passed in the dimly lighted room to which he was consigned, and many months went before we could lift the'bandage from the one eye; before he could hear with tbe one ear and eat with the wounded mouth. Fed with Boups and milk, he grew strong and cheerful, and was suspected of seeing a little before be confessed it, as I often saw his head elevated to an angle which enabled him to see the pretty girls who came from tbe city to read to him and bring him dainties. These, moved by compassion for bis youth and romantic history, came to help us uurse him, and risked daily cboaking him in their well meant endeavors to feed him. At last all the bandages were removed save a ribbon across the lost eye, and our "dead man" came forth a handsome youth of 18 or 19, graceful and elegant. And now the surgeon-general claimed him for his father, and with much regret we gave him up to the flag of truce boat, and he was lost to us till the end of the war. Sent to England he had a new eye made, and came to see us after the fall his enthusiasm ana bis gratitude nothing damped by time and change. Even with the two eyes, bo saw so imperfectly that be was soon obliged to seek for a life companion to guide his uncertain steps. In Charleston be fell in love with one of his own family connection, and like the prince and princess in the fairy story, "they were married and lived happy ever after." Everyone who has known hospital j life, in Confederate times especially, will I remember how the steward?the man who holds the provisions?is held re- j spousible for every short-coming by both surgeons and matrons, and more especially by the men. Whether he has I money or no, he must give plenty to eat, j and there exists between tbe steward and ! the convalescents, those hungry fellows, long starved in camp and now recovering from fever or wounds, a deadly antago nism constantly breakiug out into "overt acts." The Stewart is to them a "cheat" j ?the man who withholds from tbem the rations given out by the Government. | He must have the meat, though the quartermaster may not furnish it, and it | is his fault alone when the bread rations j are "short." Our Stewart, meek little man, was no exception to this ruie. Pale with fright, he came one day to say that the conva? lescents had stormed the bakery, taken out the half-cooked bread and scattered it about the yard, had beaten the baker and threatened to hang the steward. Always eager to save tbe men from pun? ishment, yet recognizing that discipline must be preserved, I hurried to the scene of war, to throw myself into the breach before the surgeons should arrive with the guard to capture the offenders. Here we found the new bakery, a "shanty" mace of plank, which had been secured at great trouble, levelled to the ground, and two hundred excited men clamoring for tbe bread which they declared the steward withheld from them from meanness, or stole from them for his own benefit. "And what do you say of tbe matron ?" I asked, rushing into their midst. ' Do you think that she, through whose hands of Richmond, bringt fine present, the bread riot. the bread must pass, is a party to this theft? Do you accuso me, who have nursed you through months of illness, making you chicken soup when we had not seen a chicken for a year, forcing an old breastbone to do duty for months for those unreasonable fellows who wanted to see the chicken, who has made you a greater variety in peas than ever was known before, and who latterly stewed your rats when the cook refused to touch them ? And this is your gratitude! You tear down my bakehouse, beat my baker and hang my steward! Here guard take four of these men to the guardhouse. You all know if tbe head surgeon was here forty of you would go." To my surprise, the angry nine laughed, cheered, and there ensued a struggle as to who should go to the guardhouse. A few days after came a "committee" of two "sheepish" looking fellows to ask my acceptance of a ring. Each of these poor men had subscribed something from his pittance, and their old enemy the steward had been sent to town to buy it. Accompanying the ring was a bit of dirty paper on which was written: FOR OUR CHIEF MATRON, / IN HONOR OF HER BRAVE CONDUCT ON THE DAY OF THE BREAD RIOT. It was the ugliest little ring ever seen, but it was as "pure gold" as were the hearts which sent it, and it shall go down to my posterity in memory of the brave men who led the bread riot, and who suffered themselves to be conquered by a hospital matron. Grapes and Growers. -'rFsw'~p8CpifV even in Greenville, have any idea of tbe dimensions reached' by the industry of grape growing here, and a still smaller proportion of our citizens realize what an important part the busi? ness will form of our commerce and enter? prise. Tbe figures of the shipments will doubtless be astonishing, especially when we remember the limited capital and means employed. The books at tbe ex? press office show that 3,061 baskets of grapes were shipped from here during the season, beginning in tbe latter part of July and virtually ending on the 10th of September, although there were some occasional shipments up to the 18th of this month. In pounds the grape ship? ments aggregated 37,800. The principal shippers were Messrs. Garraux, H. B. Buist and Marshall, although Mr. Put? nam shipped quite a number of early baskets. The best market was Charleston, where a very large proportion of the ship? ments went, but New York and Phila? delphia took considerable quantities and a few lots went to Cincinnati. The varieties chiefly grown are Clin tOD, Concord, Ives and Delaware, and they commanded a ready sale, reaching the market early. Greenville promises to become famous for its grapes, for those shipped from here have been tbe best in every market, the size surpassing any others and the flavor being always pecu? liarly rich. ? The shippers have had different expe? riences, but all who have been seen unite in declaring themselves thoroughly satis? fied with their experiments and conviuced that the culture of grapes is as profitable as any business that can be engaged in here. F. Hahn, who has shipped very few grapes this year, it being the "re/ic? ing" season for his vines, is equally satis? fied with his experience, having sold $400 or $500 in grapes from his two acres last year, netting a very comfortable profit. Mrs. Garraux has kept a more accurate account of the results of her year's work than any of the others, and her figures may be relied on. The Garraux vine? yard of an acre and a quarter was a beau? tiful sight in the bearing season, the vines being literally loaded and covered with immense bunches of the luscious fruit. The acre and a fourth yielded 15, 500 pounds of grapes. 1,200 pounds were shipped, netting 5 cents a pound on an average; 2,500 pounds were sold at retail. The other thousand pounds was made into thirty gallons of wine, lost, given away, etc., and some few grapesare still ripening. 12,000 pounds at five cents is $600; 2,500 pounds retailed at 10 cents is $250. ?850 on an acre and a quarter beats cotton, and the grape grow? ers say the yield is better every year. The records at the express office and account sales stand to prove these almost incredible figures. Hugh B. Buist has also been very suc? cessful, although the figures of his crop were not obtainable, as he had not finished shipping when visited by the representa? tive of the News. His crop was magnifi- ' cent this year, and he attributes the fact that he makes no failures to his system of planting his vines fifteen feet apart. He gives them tho same working usually given cotton, three plowiugsand hoeings, and estimates his next profits at $75 an acre, us he sells entirely at wholesale. He has a Bix acre vineyard on Piney mountain and is firmly persuaded that grape and fruit growing beats cotton raising by long odds.? Greenville News. Blame's Record in 187G. Harrisburg, September.?About three months ago the Harrisburg Patriot-Dem? ocrat stated that Charles H. Bergner, the former publisher of the Harrisburg Telegraph-Republican, had told a number of persons in this city that Blaine was defeated for nomination for the presiden? cy in 1876 because of a statement made by Kemblo at Cincinnati that he had paid Blaine ?7,500 for a ruliug while the latter was speaker of the house of Rep> resentatives. In the Patriot's article Bergner was alleged to have stated that he had Kemble's checks made payable to Blaine?one for $5,000 and another for $2,500?in his hands. Bergner has re? peatedly denied the truthfulness of the statement ascribed to him, and several newspapers have discredited the story. To establish the truth of the article in the Patriot George D. Herbert, the author, had himself prosecuted for libel. Four persons to whom Bergner is alleged to have told the story of bribery were sum? moned to appear at the present court. All were present, but the district-attorney of the county did all in his power to prevent tbe witnesses from being heard. He claimed that no testimony was ad? missible except that intended to prove the publication of the libel. Counsel representing the prosecutor insisted that the witnesses should be heard as to the nature of Bergner's allegations, but the alderman before whom the argument was made decided to take no action for the present aud the case was adjourned until Monday. Tho witnesses, all of whom are respectable men, will fully sustain the accuracy of the Patriot's statement if given a chance to testify. ? Those who voto for Cleveland will have, the consolation of knowing that they are voting for an honest man. ? What a sensation it would create if Butler would only elope with Mrs. Lock wood, and what a relief it would be to the people along the line of Butler's speech-making tour. I ON PLANTING COTTON. Enrly Days of tho Industry In America. Textile Manufacturers' Edition, Boston. At a recent meeting of the Cotton Planters' Association, held at Vicbsburg, Miss., Major T. M. Barnes, of Atlanta, Ga., delivered an address in which he told his hearers that in TTnited States cotton seeds were first plantcu as an ex? periment in 1621. In the province of South Carolina the growth of the cotton plant is noticed in a paper of tho date of 1666, preserved in Carroll's historical collections of South Carolina. In 1736 the plant was known in gardens in lati? tude 39? North on the Eastern shore of Maryland, and about forty years after? ward it was cultivated in the county of Cape May, N. J. It was, however, little known except as a garden plant until after the Revolutionary war?at the com? mencement of which General Delgall is said to have bad thirty acres of the green seed cotton under culture near Savannah. In 1784 it is stated that among the ex? ports of Charleston, S. C, were seven bags of cotton valued at ?3 11s. 5d. a bag. Another small shipment was made in 1754, and in 1770 three more?amount? ing to ten bales?were shipped to Liver? pool. In the year 1784 eight bags ship? ped to England were seized on the ground that so much cotton could not be pro? duced in the United States. The exports of the next six years were suc? cessively 14, 6,109,389,842 and (in 1790) 81 bags. In 1786 the first Sea Island cotton was raised on the coast of Georgia, and its exportation commenced in 1788 by Alex auder Bissill, of St. Simon's island. The seeds were obtained from tbe Bahamas, tbe plant having been introduced there from Auguilla, one of the Leeward isles. The first successful crop in tbe State was tliat^fOVilliam Elliott, in 1790, on Hiton HeaoTTstaTid.- The success of the crop caused many to engage in its culti? vation, and some of tho largest fortunes in South Caroliua were thus rapidly accumulated. In 1791 the cotton crop of the United States was 3,000,000 pounds ?equal to about 5,000 of our present size bales?three-fourths of which was raised in South Carolina, and one-fourth in Georgia. Besides the United States, tbe chief countries for the production of cotton are the East Indies, Egypt, Brazil, the West Indies and Guiana. India contributes a supply of cotton next in importance to that of the United States. Again, until the past few years, cotton seed, except for planting purposes, were considered utterly worthless, and in order to get rid of them the hands and teams were put to work hauling tbem away from the gin house. Regarding tbem in this light, there was no object in econo? mizing when the planting season came I round, and anywhere from three to five bushels per acre were wasted by the before mentioned "African planter"?the darkies' hands?enough wasted on every fifty acres to pay for three or four plant? ers. About the year 1850 a cotton planter, known as the Foster planter, was invented by a North Carolinian, and manufactured i in Baltimore. It was looked upon with considerable suspicion and distrust, and yet, notwithstanding this fact and its clumsy and unwieldy proportions, quite a number were introduced into the Caro? linas, and on nicely prepared ground the work was comparatively satisfactory. This gave rise to various and sundry sug? gestions about the saving of time and labor. These suggestions were caught up by different manufacturers of New York and Pennsylvania, and inside of two or three years cotton planters were being distributed in the different cotton States, especially in the Carolinas. Corn plant? ers had been pronounced a success, and these manufacturers expected similar results from their cotton planters. But with all their skill and inventive genius they lacked practical experience with cotton seed. They had not fallen upon a correct principle for forcing tenacious seed filled with lint through a hopper with sufficient regularity to ensure a stand of cotton. After repeated tests, followed by as many failures, these machines were thrown into fence corners, and the old method of band-planting continued, though enough had been developed to put the farmer to thinking. At the close of the war, partly of neces? sity and partly to escape the conflict with free labor, a large majority of cotton farmers rented tbeir lands to the new fledged freedmen. This condition of things was almost as bad for tbe intro? duction of improved machinery as before tho freedom of the slaves; and wherever it exists now this rule holds equally good. The owner of the land said hedidn't pro? pose to buy improved implements to be destroyed by negroes and mules ; the tenant said he didn't propose to buy them for the benefit of tbe landlord. Consid? ering tbe extreme poverty of the South at this time, as well as tbe unhappy rela? tion between renter and tenant in the common struggle to become accustomed to the new order of things, it is not sur? prising that labor saving machinery had to bide its time. A few years later the intelligent land owners made a discovery, and that was that their farms, instead of improving under the tenant system, or even holding their own, were being sadly neglected and injured. In order to reclaim these wasting lands it was necessary to take them back under tbeir own supervision, and hire the labor. This revived tbe interest in the labor-saving implements, aud this time cotton plauters were inquired for. Again the market was sup? plied with the secoud edition of worthless planters, some coming down from tbe North, others manufactured, or botched up, at country blacksmith and cross roads wagon shops, and not one in fifty worth the cost of transportation to the field. With this experience, it is not surprising that a large per centum of cotton was planted by band. But a little later still, and the necessity for economizing ou tbe farm becomes .so pressing that not only the most improved cotton planters, bu' also scrapers, cultivators and harrows, are sought after by the more intelligent farmers of the South. Advertisements are consulted, Expositions and State and County Fairs are visited. Selections are made and the machines put to work?of course with various results. Where the work was even partially satisfactory, prejudice was rapidly worn off. But here comes a second discovery?a discovery that had only cropped out occa? sionally before. The darkey, from ono end of the South to the other, is opposed, upon general principles, to all innova? tions upon bis old bungling methods of producing everything by main strength and awkwardness, but especially is he prejudiced against any implement that saves the labor of two or three men,upun the ground that it is getting in bis way. Many a good implement has been con? demned and thrown aside because of this ignorant, unskilled labor. But the time for economizing and lightening the labor system in tbe South? ern States is now upon us; not because of the importance of the inventor or man? ufacturer to force their goods upon tho market, but because the world moves rapidly onward, the tide of intelligent humanity sweeps forward, leaving the man who persists in his old primitive methods simply because "his father did it that way" far in tbe rear. Wha. is good for to-day needs to be remedied for to-morrow. Fortunately this is a free country, how? ever, and if a man prefers to walk when be can ride at even less expense the organic law of tbe land will neither "mo? lest nor make him afraid." And if a man insists upon planting his cotton crop by hand at more than three times the expense of planting it by machinery? and yet not do it half so well?he is, in a constitutional sense, perfectly safe, but not in the sense of good judgment. During the past three or four years enough cotton has been successfully planted by machinery to fully demon? strate a great saving of money, time and hard labor, and it is indeed most gratify? ing to note the rapid change from the primitive to the wide-awake, progressive methods. When such men as Col. Ed. Richardson,. Col. Ben. Ricks, Capt. ThomasM.Smedes and Charles H. Smith, of Mississippi, to say nothing of a host of their kin i from the other cotton States, are found using these labor-saving imple? ments, it means something of decided interest to the cotton planting industry in general. There is no longer an excuse that reli? able cotton planters cannot be found. They are now on the market, and can be had at reasonable figures. With all respect to the farmer who is still using two mules and three or four hands to plant by band the same crop which could be much better planted by the use of a machine with one hand and one mule, the speaker begged leave to submit tbe following comparison of the methods: Take, for example, fifty acres, and fig? ure the cost of planting it by hand and then by a planter. Say it takes by either method seven days to do the work. By the first method you use two mules and four hands. They are worth 75 cents each, or ?4.50 per day, not counting their board?seven days, $31.50. The cotton seed is worth 15 cents per bushel, and you use at least five bushels-pet. acre. This would require250 bushels, or $37".o'0>. Total, $69.00 By the second method you use one hand and one mule at 75 cents each, seven days, $10.50; seed used, 1} bushels per acre (liberal allowance), or 75 bushels at 15 cents, ?11.25; total, $21.75. This gives $47.25 clear, or enough to pay for three perfectly reliable cotton planters for every 50 acres planted, to say nothing of the enormous saving in cultivating the crop after it comes up. Making a Unman Ffc. In 1871 Thomas Colt, then 12 years old, was taken to Bellevue Hospital suff? ering from a disease which had destroyed his uose and lips and bad begun to effect bis eyes. He was taken in charge by Dr. Gustavus Sabine, and since that time has been under treatment with a view of replacing the lost parts of tbe face. After the course of the disease had been checked the process of building up was begu^ by cutting away the flesh about tbe edges of the orifice where the nose had been. Then the inside of the large finger of the right hand was flayed, and the fresh cut wound was fitted where the nose should be. Tbe hand was held in place by bandages and plaster of paris until tbe finger had grown fast to tbe forehead and cheeks of the patient. In the meantime the mouth was covered by the hand, and a silver tube was inserted into the lad's throat, through which he was fed and through which be also breathed. When the grafting of the fingers to the face are completed, and circulation established, tbe finger was amputated near tbe knuckle, leaving two and a half joints attached to the face. The opera? tions so far had required about a year, but the process was only begun. The next step was to trim down the finger into the shape of a nose by removing the bone and gradually building up the flesh on each side and drawing the skin from the cheeks and forehead over it. In course of time the result sought was obtained, except that there were as yet no nostrils. The eyes of the unfortunate boy had both been drawn out of position some? what, and these were straightened by clipping nerves in the manner usually adopted by occulists in treating cross? eyed people. The eyebrows were also patched up at the inner ends. Tbe next step was to give the boy a new pair of lips. This was done gradu? ally by taking pieces of flesh from the cheeks and grafting them in place bit by bit. Yesterday, after thirteen years of ex? perience under the surgeon's knife, hav? ing, meantime, undergone and recovered from thirty different operations, the patient, now a young man, left the hos I pital. His face was smooth, and, to the casual observer, bore no traces of what he had passed through. The case is extraordinary for tbe extent of the work done and the perfect result obtained. Not less extraordinary was the fortitude of the patient, who never murmured under the necessarily painful operations, and who, when walking the floor because of bis sufferings, was wont to cheer up the other patients in the ward by telling droll stories, of which he had a large supply. He was known in the hospital as "Patient Tommy." Mr. Lincoln Wouldn't Go. Baltimore, September 26.?The Sun prints the following: "It is rumored here that Secretary Lincoln was given to understand that it would be very agreea? ble to Mr. Blaine to have him as a com? panion on the western electioneering trip of the latter. Tbe son of Abraham Lin? coln and a member of Arthur's cabinet would of course he quite a card for the occasion. But tho kind of business on which Mr. Blaine is now engaged is not : in Mr. Lincoln's line, and the invitation was therefore declined. The significance of the refusal is somewhat greater from the statement, which is common report, and which is believed to be true, that Secretary Lincoln has received an inti? mation foreshadowing the desiro of Mr. Blaine to have him remain in the cabinet when the 'magnetic' goes into tbe white house. Whether Secretary Lincoln does not share the enthusiastic anticipation of Mr. Blaiue's occupancy of the white house, or whether he hopes to be elected to the senate from Illinois in place of General Logan, and is not tempted by the offer of retention in the cabinet, has not transpired." ? Mr. Moody, cvangolist, is shortly to begin a revival in Richmond, Va. ?"Mamma," said a little up-town boy, as he left his bed and crawled into hers, the other night, "I can go to sleep in your bed, I know I can ; but I've slept my bed all up," ? St. Louis girls use the same brand of line cut tbat their papas chew. The Post-Dispatch is authority for the stat ment that tobacco chewing is the latest rage among fashionable women in tbat city. i MASON'S COTTON TICKER. The Work of tho Harvester In the Whit? ening FicUItf. The cotton crop of 1SS-1 is now fairly open, and throughout the cotton belt, great interest is manifested in the success of the Mason Cotton Harvester. In many quarters there are symptoms of im? patience because the machine has not been placed on the market, or. at least, publicly tested, and some of our contem? poraries are even indulging in cheap wit at the expense of tho inventor. In order to satisfy, as far as possible, public interest and curiosity in regard to this novel and extraordinary implement, tbe Newt and Courier ba3 taken pains to ob- . tain accurate information in regard to its development up to the present time, as ' well as concerning the plan3 and expec? tations of the Cotton Harvester Com? pany. In tbe first place it should be stated that neither Mr. Mason nor any of those associated with him in perfecting his invention has entertained any idea of placing the Harvester on the market/for general use during the present picking season. As far back as last December it was determined by the company to limit this year's operations to the manufacture of a limited number of the machines of different sizes and varying patterns in order that several modifications of the principle might be thoroughly tested - before the manufacture of the machines for sale was begun. In pursuance of this plan, Mr. Mason has constructed half a dozen machines in three sizes, and since the cotton first began to open experi? ments have been made every day with, the machines in a field of cotton planted/* by the company for the purpose in thu tO "n of Sumter. The result of these ex penments has shown the wisdom of the company in avoiding hasty action in the manufacture of the machines. Despite the greatest care and hardest work during the winter and spring to make the ? machines perfect, Mr. Mason found upon first testing them in the field this season that there were imperfections in construc? tion which must be overcome before the machine could be treated as a practical ?*^C?es3. One by one these defects have been o\Trcwa?TJind such difficulties as remain to be solveuTefate_almost exclu? sively to tbe gear of the autoimttic remo? val of the cotton into the bags after it has been picked and deposited in tbe receiving boxes of the machine. Tho picking cylinders, which form the essen? tial portion of the Harvester, gathering the op'eu cotton from the plants without injury to the plants or to the unopen fruit, work beautifully and . with wonder? ful rapidity. This part of the machine, which has engaged Mr. Mason's whole attention for many months, and tbe suc? cess of which practically solves the great problem of cotton-picking by machinery, scarcely needs any further improvement. The auxiliary contrivances for conveying I the picked cotton into the bags, being of less importance, have received less atten? tion and still need a good deal of modifi? cation, which must be tbe result of pa? tient and protracted tests. Mr. Mason, however, feels no uneasiness about theso defects, and is confident that tbe perfect? ing of this part of the machine is only a matter of a little lime. Tbe difficulties experienced have been these: The pick? ing stems gather the cotton and deposit, it so rapidly upon the elevators that, in heavily fruited cotton, the capacity of the elevators has been inadequate to remove it as fast as it comes in. The re? sult is that the elevators become gorged, and the revolving picker stems force some of the cotton already picked off tbe elevators and throw it on tbe ground. At the first glance this difficulty seems trifling, but, owing to the fact that only a very limited space is available for tbe use of the elevators, it is not an easy matter, without a general reconstruction of the frame of the machine, to remedy the fault. With one pair of cylinders the machine picks about 50 per cent, of the open cotton in passing over a row once, and very nearly cleans the row by passing over it twice. Mr. Mason is now at work upon a machine carrying two pairs of cylinders, which he calculates will gather seven-eights of the cotton at one picking. Arrangements have been made to have a public exhibition of the Harvester before a committe appointed by tbe offi? cers of the New Orleaus World's Expo? sition and members of the National Cot? ton Planters' Association. Col. F. C. Morehead, tbe president of tbe National Cotton Planters' Association and Com? missioner-General of the World's Exposi? tion, in a letter to the secretaiy of tbe Harvester Company, a few days ago, makes a suggestion about the testing of the machine, which will probably be adopted. Col. Morehead says: "Mr. Mason, I think, designated taking his machine out to Mississippi or Louisi? ana and practically demonstrating its worth or value before a committee select? ed by the World's Exposition board. This would cost Mr. Mason a good deal of money and not be any more efficia cious than what I now propose. Some of the most prominent men in your State are active members of the Natiohal Cot? ton Planters' Association of America, under the auspices of which the World's Exposition is to be held. If agreeable to Mr. Mason and tho stockholders of the machine, I will appoint (by telegram, if necessary) a competent committee from members of tbe association in South Car? olina and add to it such other menbers as - will go from Georgia and North Carolina. . The test shall be made under the auspices of tbe National Cotton Planters' Association of America, the head of which organization in South Carolina is Hon. A. P. Butler, chief of your agricul? tural department, and who is vice-presi? dent of the association for the State of South Carolina. I would also request the Governor of your State aud the presi? dent of your State agricultural society to be presenc, all of whom will no doubt join our vice-president in testifying to the merits of the machine." The Cotton Harvester Company have replied to Col. Morehead that tbe com? pany will be pleased to make the test upon the terms and under tbe auspices he suggests. If desirable, the committee appointed by Director-General Burke can witness the test at the same time or have another trial at a different time and place. Tbe test before Col. Morehead's committee will probably be made in this State nnar Columbia, and as soon as the committe is duly appointed the time and place will be definitely fixed. If these tests shall prove satisfactory, it is the pur? pose of the Harvester Company to organize a construction company this winter and proceed to manufacture the machines for use in harvesting next year's crop. It may be added that though hundreds of incredulous planters have gone to Sumter to witness the work of the Harvester, not one who has seen it doubts its ultimate and complete success. ?News und Courier. ? The giraffe has a tongue seventeen inches long?that i.-?, the male giraffe has. What must be the length of the tongue of the lady giraffe? ? The juice of tho sweet orai g3, it is asserted, will cure sprains.