Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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gU?temt &nt?tt%tmx. E. B, MUKRA Y, Editor. THURSDAY, JANUARY 17, 1884. TBRM? : OHE YEAR.?1.80. 8IX MONTHS. 7flc* Two Dollar! If not paid In advance. Col. Aiken lift? reintroduced his bill to make tbe Department of Agriculture a Cabinet Department of tbe govern ment, presided over by aSecrclary with a salary of eight thousand dollars, and merging thc present Department into the new one. If be can by tbe chango eradicate some of the humbugs from tho present institution, bc will accomplish a great cud for the Agriculture of the country. If more money wore spent in uueful experiment mid the dissemination of thc results iii an accurate manner, rind less money wasted in purchasing ordina ry, aud in Borne instances worthless seed, and distributing them as something ex traordinary, the interest and faith of tho intelligent farmer would bo greatly pro moted. The results of skillful experi mental farming, and the introduction of genuinely excellent seed, with improved modes of culture that have been practi cally and thoroughly tested, aro the needs of thc progressive Agriculturist to day. Experiments are expensive, and individuals generally cannot go to tho expense of making them on the uncer tainties of tho result. The National Department of Agricu turo should givo special prominence to tho making of Agricultural experiments and formulat ing the results fully and accurately to the people. When the new department is created, we trust Borne such feature ns we have referred to will bo ninda a prom inent part of its work. General Dibble, the Representativo from the first District in thia State, ba? introduced several bills looking lo the financial interests of his constituents. One, to pay tho State two hundred and fifty thousand dollars for damages and ront if the Citadel buildings, and anolher to appropriate seventy-five Ihousaud dol?an, to rebuild the Custom House wharves in Charleston. AIHO, a petition from tho Charleston Chamber of Com merce asking au immediato appropriation of $755,000 to continue the work upon the Jetties in Charleston harbor. It was .bown that this work ceased November 28, 1883, for want of funds, and the amount asked for had been recommended by the chief of engineers. At present there is seventeen and a half feet of water on the bar at mean high tide, and tho completion of the Jetties will increase Ibis to twenty-five feet. General Dibble ovidontly believes that "ibo old Hag aud an appropriation" are tho best Balvo for disagreements between a representative and his constituents. Tho measures ho proposes aro, however, meritorious, and should he securo their passage he will bo entitled to tho gratitude of his peoplo and of the entire State. Ho will havo tho assistanco of our entire delegation, we presume, and wo trust that the Citadel claim wil' succeed, in any event. It is a debt which the General Government hos owed thir. State, in part, ever siaco tho war, and tho wholo of it since 187G. Tho jetties for Charleston aro also a work of the highest importance, and ought to be rapidly completed. The Custom House wharves likewise would be very desirable. The greatest difficulty which General Dibble will encounter is, not that his measures are unreasonable, but that there are too many other Congressmen who wish to please their constituents iu the same manner. The Greenville News, in response to a question from a Greenville merchant, says that Di. Mauldin is the member from Greenville who voted as Mr. Murray did on the Railroad Law. It admits that it will have to explain why it has attack ed Mr. Murray but boa not attacked Dr. Mauldin for doing the same thing. The News says : "As far as Dr. Mauldin is concerned, we do not doubt that at the proper time he will vindicate himself; it Is probable that events will vindicate him without any trouble on his part. For the Newt. we think lt well to say that Representa tive Mauldin occupies a very different position from Representative Murray's and a much better one. He did cot receive any office at the hands of the most powerful railroad combination in the f?ato in the interval between the sessions of '82 and '88, as Director Mur ray did; circumstances involving the interests of this seetion of the State bad arisen in the intorval which did appeal to Representative Mauldin, but did not appeal to Representative Murray or involve bis constituency." The facto are that Dr. Mauldin did accept the presidency ot the Greenville & Laurens R.-'I road after the passage of the Act of 1882, for which he voted. Mr. Murray accepted the directorship of another road after voting for the Act of 1882. Dr. Mauldin's constituents ap proved of his acceptance of the presiden cy of thia road, and Mr. Murray's con stituents approved of his acceptance of his directorship. The frews dote not think that the interests of Mr. Murray's constituents were involved in the direc torship, bot several of the leading busi ness men among those constituent* were consulted, and they advised tho accep tance, which the News condemns. It was, and ls, none of the Nan' business. Now, the News knows that Dr. Mauldin is stronger in Greenville then it is, and hence has maintained a judicious silence as to him, while it bas been attacking Mr. Murray so violently. The facts are, that events are vindicating Dr. Mauldin. He wanted to build his new road for Greenville, and knew that it was impos sible to get the money to build it under th? o?d law. He voted for the change, and so said in his speech, because he wanted new roads built in South Caroli na. Since tho passage of the now Act he has made a contract for the building of his road, and it is to day nn assured fact. Of coarse events are vindicating him. Events generally vindicate meo who act according to theirbest judgment. The saine erects .will also vindicate the other mom bera who voted for the change. Under it we expect to see the Savannah Valley Bead built soon, end have no doubt that lo five years there wilt hot be half a dozen thinking men in the State who will regret the change. The events which Vfaclic&te these, men will provo that thc Greenville iWtc? is a meddling protestor against progress and the real interests o? tho people. l'JKWlAKTO* DEATKW. The D?mocratie caucus of the Ohio Legislature nominated Hon. Henry B. I'ayne for tho Scnato to succeed Mr. Pendleton, upon tho first ballot. The defeat of Mr. Pendleton, who wa? a high toned and honorable statesman, is very generally regretted all over the country, for ho was thc champion of civil service reform, and represented the best elements in American politics. His successful ri val is a man of prominence and ability. Thc following is a brief sketch of his life: Henry B. Payne, of Cleveland, Ohio, was born in HRtoilton county, New York. November 30, 1810 ; was educated at Hamilton College, New York, studied law under John C. Spencer, of Canan daigna. New York ; was admitted to tho barana commenced practice at Cleveland, Ohio, in 1834, has been for the last twenty-eight years largely interested in railroad and manufacturing enterprises ; was a member of the Ohio Senate in 1849-60; was chosen a Democratic Pres idential Elector iii 1848 ; was the Demo cratic candidate for Governor against Salmon P. Chase in 1867 ; was a delegate to the Democratic National Convention at Cincinnati io 1856, to the convention at Charleston in 1860 and to tho conven tion at Baltimore in 1871 ; was elected as a Democrat to represeut thc Twentieth Ohio Congressional District in the Forty fourth Congress, 187G-77, receiving 13, 849 votos against 11,330 for Richard C. Parsons, Republican, and 304 for Good man, Prohibitionist. Mr. Payne took a leading part in the nroceedingsof the Forty-fourth Congress, bein . Chsirman of tho Committee of ibo House to meet with the Senate Com mittee as to the counting of the electoral votes for President and vice-President; Chairman of a Select Committee on Investigation; Chairman of the Commit tee on Conference of the House on the Silver bill (Messrs. Randall and Landers being the other members of this commit tee) and a member of the Committee on Banking and Currency, and also of the Committee on Reform in tho Civil Ser vice. Mr. Payne was elected as ono of j the five members of tho famous electoral Commission by tho Hoes? of Represen tatives, receiving twenty-three votes moro than the late President Garfield, who was elected to the same commission. Mr. Payne was the author of and in troduced in tho House of Representa tivas the bill to provide for and regulate the counting of votes for President and vice-President, and tho decisions ol questions arising thereon for the term commencing March 4. 1878, and a bill to provide for tho gradual resumption ol apocie payments. Havannah Valley Railroad. To the Taxpayers of Uroadauiay, Centre ville, Corner, Hopewell, Hall, Savannah and Varennc? Townships : The Legislature, at its recent session passed an Act authorizing the qualifi?e voters ot tho above named Townships t< vote an additional subscription to tbi capital stock of the Savannah Valley Railroad Company, that is additions as to all oxcept Broadaway and Hopewell which did no* join in the original sub scription. Your interests in this matter are sc carefully guarded by the Act that befor the question of a subscription can evei be submitted to a vote, it will be nocessa ry that a majority in '.lumber of thos owuing real estate in the soveral Town ships, whether malo er female, resident or non-residents, should first apply b petitiou to tho County Commissioners t submit tho question to a vote, naming i tho petitiou tho sum to be subscribed, i voted. It is desirable that the vote shall I taken aa sot a as practicable, and th: you may Le fuMy informed, we desire t lay boiui-o you such facts, figures sn statements, as rriW put you in possessio of the merits of tho question. And firs you are aware -hut toty-eight miles ( tho road has Laen graded, aud twentj nine miles remain to bo graded, of whic about four miles I? partially graded. T complete the grading it is estimated tbi about $60,000 more is required. Of th oma $26,000 has been subscribed by tb City of Anderson, and the same amoui will have ti be raised from somo otb source*. After making an effort to rah it by private subscription and canvass!n the whole field, the friends of the roi .joncluciVd the most practlcabe, feasib and equi;able mode of raising it is t an additioaal tax. This mode nearl meeta the views of ail interested, and ? after all, perhaps the surest mathe Hence tha recent Act authorising Towi ship subscriptions, which embraces i well the four Townships interested i Abbeville County as those named in Ai derson. It is contemplated to raise tho Anderson Townships $16,000 ; to < eo will require a tax of - mills, or a ll tie greater rate per centum than th assessed to pay one instalment of tl former tax. The tax, if voted, will I collected this year. In laying this matter before you, \ have one or two thoughts to present. Ti tax proposed will save what has aire* been invested in this enterprise, as i have offers that guarantee thecompleti< of the road when graded. The absoi tiou of the Augusta & Knoxville Ra road with the Georgia Central syst? greatly increases the advantages of t S. V. R. R. to the City and County Anderson,and makes itof paramount vi ue to the community. With this conni tion we shall Lave two great rival systeo each too large to absorb the other, co peting for our traffic East and Wt This means cheaper freights, worked < and occured by an influence more at and permanent than that of the Railro Commission. And if there is any cl of our people more than any other i forested in cheap freights it ia our far era, who make up the great body of c< numera in the country, especially th? now trading at Anderson. Enough ? be saved in this way ia one year to mi than pay back this tax. Taking Ii consideration the other benefits that t follow from the completion of this' ro no other oatley of the at me amount coe in ocr judgment, yield so large a reto The restriction upon the Anden City subscription bas been removed, i if the Township subscriptions . promptly voted, the Company can mt arrange wonts to resuma the work of gr lag. at once, and before the tax Is paid and burry the road to completion t year. Petitions in proper form are now lag circulated In the aerar?] Townahi and we hope to have the question of a aeription by taxation submitted to a v at an carly day. . W. W. HuitTHSBV?, President S. V. R. R Letter From Florida, MB. EDITOR: As you thought my de parture from my old, native homo was of ?ufflcent importance a* to mako mention of it iu thc columns of the INTKI.UOKN CKII, I will he glad if you will publish in the same columns my impression* of th?? "Innd of aligator*, snake?," Ac, as you are pleased to call this State. Arni I will r-ay at the outset that I will not in dulge in fancie.*, but state facts just as I find them, si they arc stated to me hy persons whose veracity can not be ques tioned. I have so many friends in Anderson who are anxious to barn something of this country, and win? wish mo to givo them my impressions of it, that il will be impossible for me to write to each and every one of them, and if you will pub lish this, and a few others I may send you, you will assist me in complying with my promises. I shall have nothing to say of Florida in general, but of Columbia County in particular ; for I have seen none of the ritate, except this County, save that I passed through in coming here. So what may be said of this County cannot be truly said of other portions of the Slate, and I wish my friends to remember that I Hpcak of Columbia County alone. I came here with nome fear and trem bling. I came (earing thal I might not find it the country it was represented to be. I sm glad to report that it far ox reeds in beauty, in fertility, in the mor ality of the people anti general intelli gence, my most confident expectations. Here every thing seems to be abundant. Corn ii? plentiful, selling at tiO cents per bushel. I see as fine pork hogs here as I am accustomed to see in Anderson ; meat is worth six cents gross. Cotton is selling at 40 cents per pound. Don't this appear to your readers an extrava gant assertion ? Tho best of your cotton in Anderson bas not been sold this Fall for more Mian ten cents .''perhaps ; and yet here it in selling for four times that! amount. But ii ?8 rica island cotton, and ? tho crop ?as short this year. I am told by reliable men that it always sells for two sud a half and three times ns much as thc short staple. So while the peoplo here cannot raiso us much colton to thc acre an we eau in Anderson, yet they get three times, and sometimes four times j as much for it. The average yield of cotton in a bale to fivo acres, and a hand ordinarily makes three bales, and let it be remembered no fertilizers are used. The average yield of corn is ten bush els to the aero. An acre well fertilized and worked sometimes yields 40 bushels, bul tho average yield is only ten. This, I think, ia a good comparison. Tho prices of land here in Columbia County range from ?5.00 to $10.00, according to improvements. A Northern man said lo me yesterday, and he has been living here for 14 yearn, "If the people brre worked like thc peoplo in Illinois, it would be tho best country in the world. Seo here, all you have to do is to deaden those pine trees, enclose it under fence and put your plow in it." This is true. You eco no undergrowth ; no grubbing is to be done ; deaden tho trees, aud it is ready for the plow. When I look nt these tall gigantic trees, clear of limb or knots for perhaps 70 feet, if of no use here to the planter, I often think what a fortune it would be to the peoplo, and especially to the saw mill men of Anderson. I ree hero large bodies of the best red pino timber in tho world, deadened, rot ting and of no value here, but would be of great value to other portions of thc country. What u pity it should thus be destroyed when it is so much uecded and of so much value elsewhere. This part of the country is not low and fiat as a great part of Florida is. The country is gently rolling, sufficiently so for the water lo run off. The plows can move an hour or two after the hardest rain falls, and that, too, with no injury to the land. The country is not one perpetual sand-bed, as many people imagine. It ia true in some placea the sand is deep and heavy, but generally the ground is bard and the roads, except here and there, aro simply splendid, almost as firm as the clay roads in Anderson. In my next letter I will tell your readers something about the fruito in Florida. W. D. HATTON, Mt. Tabor, Florida. The American Hog. CHICAGO, January 12.-A large num ber of interviewa are published this morning upon the action of the Govern ments of Germany and France in prohi biting tho importation of American pork, and the probable effect of retalia tory measures on the part of Congress. The importers of French and German wines generally join in the view that an import tax, such as would prove equiva lent to a stoppage of their importation, would result in a much stronger protest on the part of the people of those na tions than the generality of American people have taken in the exclusion of American pork, as it would vitally effect a more numerous class. Anything short of a prohibitory tariff would simply re sult in the procuring of wines through English agents at a small percentage of increase of price. One large dealer said : "A slight in crease of tax on cheap Rhino wines would avail nothing, but if $2 per gallon nhould be added the result would be to drive such wines out of the market, and cause both France and Germany to recon sider their act on the pork question, and not seek to keep out all shipment? with out any discrimination as to qnalll.. Interviews with wholesale drv 'goods men were generally to the effect' that an increase in duty on dry goods would not have any effect in inducing the two na tions to modify their orders of restric tions against American pork. PARIS, January 12.-M. Leon Chal lean will sail for America, via England, Tuesday next. His mission is to prevent, if possible, the United States Govern ment from adopting retaliatory measures on account of the refusal of France to permit the importation of American salted meats. The Western fanners are in a high state of indignation about the exclusion of the American hog from Germany and France. Thli very greatly reduces the market for A merican meat. Hence, the supply being the same and the demand less, the price hae gone down. The hog raise? propose to retaliate by excluding German and French wines, which would very soon secure recognition for the American hog. The establishment of the doctrine nho hog, no wine," would ' soon aecure the interest of our pork THE J!'UV-KOO M COXSPIRACY. J. Oldeun Voag, Ons of tim Juror? In the Miirliin CUM?, Itelnte* what IIai>i>rii*u lu tho J ur jr-Room. C. C. Turner, of Spar lan burg, one ol' thu perjured United States jurors who ?greed willi others to convict tho defend ants in the olection triaU at Columbia la- mouth before hearing the evidence, and, after being sworn as a juror to find a verdict upon the evidence alone, has published a statement in the Carolina Spartan which ii as villanous in language ni it is absolutely faWe in fact. The statements made hy tho AVu'i unit Courier, alleging that caucuses had bei n held by tiie (?reeubsek: and Radical juror? andan agreement entered into hy them lo cou \ iel tiie defendants, willi or without evi deiicc, fi r political purposes, were based u[mu affidavit* made by certain jurors who ?vi ru present nt lim caucuses, but v.l.o could not consent to enter into tho damnable conspiracy. Theae affidavits were held hy tuc counsel for the defence, and would have been submitted to the Court if Judge IJoud had not wisely de termined to put au .ml io thc shameful Cn.-(.? inion*. ll th.- Nluteiutiiils made by tho corr? pondent of lb?; A'.'iri and Courier needed any corroboration Mr. Long very em phatically and satisfactorily nails Tur lier's lie*, and -how* furthermore that tin (.loveliimcut prosecuting officers were j in league with Turner and his miserable ! allies to secure convictions at any cost. Mr. Long's statement is as follows: Ta the Editor of tdr Carolina Spartan: Sir-Thc letter which you published from (.'laude C. Turner, of the .'fist of Decem ber, 1 *>;',. in which he mes my name, and denies certain charges against him and others, published in the Newt and Couria' of thc l illi of December last, calls for a short notice ironi inc. ? will try and give you some plain, simple facts in reference lo the maller. Mr. Turner, on Saturday evening, after tho jurors lind been empanelled to try tint Marion case-*, and were locked up in the Court House, proposed that we should organize a debating club,!which we did, and elected juryman Julius Littlejohn, (colored,) as chairman. Turner also re duced the subject to writing, which was as follows : '"Whether or not there was a juror on thc panel with the intention of defeating the Government in convicting lue defendants ? Aud if so, what would be thc result, as there were tho eyes of fifty millions of people watching and i waiting the verdict of thia jury Turnet led of in lue debate, a lld made a long speech, in which he stated that in order to establish u precedent wc munt neces sarily lind a verdict of guilty. It'was tho intention of the Govern ment officials to secure such a verdict as we all tuow. The other eight, whose mimes I will give you, all expressed the same opinion. They are as follows: Middleton Ray, of Sparlauburg ; Fuller I'ricket, of Orangeburg ; J. H. Johnson, of Clarendon ; D. C. Wolf, of Lancas ter; E. L. Arthur, of Orangeburg; Julius Littlejohn, colored, of Greenville; Joseph Rush, colored, of Georgelowu ; - Childs, colored, of Edgefield. I stated, as juryman, thal I intended lo give the defendants a fair and impartial trial, and that if il wai Ibo iutention of the Govern ment lo pack the jury and convict inno cent men 1 was the wrong msu ; HO also ditl Mr. Grant of Chesterfield, and July Kinley, colored, of Orangeburg. So the case weill on until Wednesday evening when it was handed to thejury. Turner, thc spokesman for his frieud, Ray, (foreman, 1 began to get shy of tho three, and proposed lo tho jurors, before any one expressed an opinion as to the de fendants' guilt or innocence, that we would lake a two-thirds vote, and let thc verdict bc whatever they said, and eleven voted in favor of Turner's motion. To this, of course, 1 objected, which ru suited in a mistrial. Turner stated to mu in thc jury-room thal they would re lease nine of the defendants if I would lind a verdict of guilty against Iiethea and Moody, as they seemed to be leading Democrats of Marion County, and lie wanted to punish them whether they were guilty or not, to establish a preco denl in the Eastern portion of the State, as it would help them during ihe cam paign of 18S4. Now in reference to the Horsey case that Turner was on. About two minutes before the district attorney requested the jury lo find a verdict of "not guilty," ho, Turner, whimpered back to Ellis aaa my self that we would be obliged to lind a verdict of guilty. Write to Hezekiah Ellis, of Kershaw, and he will recollect it. Now, Mr. Editor, a few wor ls in refer ence to Turner's comment as to the Marion defendants' guilt, in which he nays ihe evidence was as clear as the noonday sun. He reminds me of tho cowardly dog who has sneaked in by night and stolen the carcass and swal lowed it whole-crept out iu the sunshine and puked it up for the whole world to see. I only wish that I was fluent with the pen. I would give you the details of the Court. Respectfully yours, J. GIDEON LONO. Jonesville, S. C., January 3,1884. It is useless to add one word to what Mr. Long has said. Turner stands con victed not only of perjury as a juror, but of being the leader, the chosen instru ment of the Government to drag down with him to his own depth of infamy tho more ignorant meu who acted with him in his nefarious plot. Speaking of Tur ner's card the Orangeburg Times and Democrat says : C. C. Turner, of Spartanburg, S. C., ono of the United Stales Greenback jurymen who voled first, last and all the time in tho recent trials at Columbia to convict innocent Democrats, is out in a card defending his action. We think the least Baid by these Greenback tools of Melton and Speer the better. We know they feel like sheep stealers, and the best thing for them to do ?9 to bide their worthless carcasses in some big hole and then pull the hole in after them, so that no trace of them might pollute the vieion of honorable men. Hendrix McLnne as a Tax-Dodger. It will be interesting and amusing to the public generally to learn that would be Governor J. Hendrix McLane, of Greenback-Kukluz notoriety, failed to pay his taxes for last year, and necessita ted the issuing of an execution against his property. Whether the late Hen. J. Hendrix was too impecunious or too unpatriotic so to do is foreign to '?he question, but all the name it stands out a bold fact in the public records of thU county that oneGreenback-Labor-Reform aspirant for the Gubernatorial honors of South Carolina fr.".cd to pay bis little pittance or contribution towards sustain ing the Government of the State over which he had sworn "by the eternal God" to preside. The taxes were paid, not willingly, not voluntarily, but by the iron clad processes of the law. Ia comment'necessary ?-Winnsboro Nev* and Herald. - The Pearce granite works of Colum bia are now shipping about ten car-loads of paving blocks and dimension stone every day, and have orders ahead for the same outturn for five months. If the de mand continues as it has begun this year the value of the annual outturn at the Columbia and Fairfield quarries will exceed $200,000. The demand for gran ite has been so heavy recently that the Green quarry, near Columbia, has been reopeted by the company, and they h&vo sent to Scotland for twenty mora skilled paving block makers. The contracts for the stricts of Charleston and Wilming ton require eight car-loads of blocks daily. Ry the first of February the com Eany will probably have thirty skilled lock cutters and seventy other hands at 1 work. "Conslstenc;", Thou ?ri a Jewel." From the CharUlton Neu-t and Courier. The conductor Mr. Murray, of Ander ion, tho editor of the ANDERSON' INTEL- I LICENCES, io advocating the amendment of tho Ruilroad law of 1882, ie virulently criticiiied by thc Greenville Nev*. Mr. Murray was one of tho foremost suppor ters of thc law of 1882, and his change of position, it is estimated, is due toother reasons thau a desire to servo his con stituents to the best of his ability. The member from Anderson needs no assis tance, ami is well able to meet his crit ic* ; but it ?8 not out of place to say that Mr. Murray is an indefatigable worker in the Legislature, that bc is fearless in expressing his opinions and pertinacious in enforcing them, and that no one who knows anything of him, in private and public life, would dream of suspecting him of a base motivo in his conductas a Representative. We grant that he is, at times, irritating and annoying, but his faults of manner grow less as he ages and ripens. Mr. Murray is ns honest as he is earnest, and we consider him one of the rising men io the State-a man too young, also, to have had any connection with the war, and free from the prejudi ces which, more or less, affect the feelings of those who shared the glory and thc sorrow of the men who wore the grey. Honesty of purpose and sincerity of speech being conceded, it is foolish in the extreme to twit meu with inconsist ency because they change their opinions. Both English and American history are full of instances of change of opinion, and consequently of action, on subjects of far reaching importance. Sir Robert l'ccl, the leader of a Protectionist party, became the advocate of Free trade. The champion for the greater ??art of his life of the exclusion of Roman Catholics from Parliament he yielded, at last to "a moral necessity," and supported the Re lief bill. Mr. Gladstone, who was an ardent Tory in his youth, became, in manhood, a Whig, and is now an advan ced Liberal. Mr. Disraeli, a Red Re publican in his college days, rose to dis tinction as tho leader of tho couDtry squires. In our own country, Calhoun, Webster and Clay changed or modified their opinions as the necessity arose. The Democratic party itself can appreci ate the logic of events. In 1808 tho National Democratic Convention declar ed tho Reconstruction Acts "unconstitu tional, revolutionary and void," and in 1872 the Convention pledged itself to ''opposa any reopening of thc questions settled by the thirteenth, fourteenth, and | fifteenth" amendments to tho Constitu- j tion," and has acquiesced in the Recon struction laws ever since. In truth, if thero must be uo change of opinion, as the result of cxperieuce and reflection, every law on the statute book would be like tlie laws of the Medos and Persians ; aud whosoever had once announced an opinion would be constrained to hold it always, no mattet ow unjust, or unrea sonable, or iujurR , the course of time might prove it to be. Wo have little patience with those who have BO blind a confidence in their own wisdom and foreknowledge that they re fuse to admit even the possibility of any variation in their opinions on any subject. Such a person, as Whately says, "prides himself on what he calls his consistency -on his never changing his opinions or plans ; which, as long as man is fallible and circumstances change, is the wisdom of one either too dull to detect his mis takes, or too obstinate to own them." The whole truth is put in few words by thc same writer : "It is a mere idle dec lamation about consistency to represent it as a disgrace to a man to confess himself wiser to-day than yesterday." There is true consistency in varying the means to secure the uuity of the end. Come what may, and in Bcorn of consequence, each should do what seems right and best at thc time. The public, if they have any interest in the matter, will have no diffi culty in distinguishing changes of con duct which are the result of fickleness and thoughtlessness from changes which are the result of study and inquiry and the comparison of theory with practice. The New Orleans Exposition-The Cot? ton Caterpillar. COLUMBIA, January 12.-The State board of agriculture will soon have a meeting at which it is expected that plans for the collection and arrangement of exhibits for tho New Orleans Exposi tion next Fall will be perfected. The Commissioner of Agriculture desires to effect some sort of organization among the progressive people of each county, as a preliminary step to collecting speci mens for the exhibit. His idea ia to have the exhibit from each county dis played separately and in the name of the State collection ; so as to stimulate a generous rivalry among the counties for the best exhibit. He expects liberal aid from the commercial organizations and public-spirited citizens of Charleston. Colombia, Greenville, Spartanburg and other cities and towns. Charleston and Columbia are already moving in the mat ter. If the support given the depart ment in the collection of exhibits be general, the Commissioner thinks that the appropriation of $10,000 made by the Legislature will suffice to furnish a fine ana creditable State exhibit. It has long been an open question how cotton caterpillars could be so quickly scattered over a great area. Prof. Riley, the entomologist of the National depart ment of agriculture, bas inclined to the belief that favorable winde blow the moths over the country. One female caterpillar cao populate a county with the cotton pests. Mr. Thomas E. Rich ardson, of Wedgefield, Sumter Comity, had bis attention drawn to the subject last Fall by seeing cotton caterpillars carried along by a train en tho South Carolina Railway. He has been since investigating the subject, and has come to the conclusion that, the cotton worms are iargnly spread by the trips of the railroad trains. He has marked, for an example, on a map of Texas, the coun ties in which the caterpillars appeared last Fall. The counties are scattered all about the State, and of the large num ber visited by caterpillars only two were off the line of the railroads. The im mense tracts not touched by railways were exempt. Mr. Richardson ls going to make a report of his investigations to Commissioner Butler, who win forward it to the natioual department at Wash ing toa.- Correspondence New? and Couri er. The Georgia Commission. The general sentiment of the State since the recent discussion by President Raoul, of the Central, and Major Camp bell Wallace, seems to be favorable to a modification of the law creating the Rail road Commission. It is proposed that the extraordinary powers vested in the Commission be abolished, and that it be constituted a board of arbitration or a court of appeals to wbiob complaints cao be carried. . It ii contended that tbe rail road in terella of the State have been in jured by the operations of the Commis sion, and that no permanent prosperity can be looked for until the companies are enabled to manage their property as judgment and experience may suggest. Savannah Time*. - Mr. Blaine was present at the New Year's reception at the White House, etanding tact be?nd the President, and the Washington correspondent of the Beaton Pott at once concludes that be "il working just as bard for the Republican nomination of this year as he worked lour years ago, aud four y ears before that. He is pursuing a different method now, but be has the same object io view. Ho is now as industriously seeking to produce the impression that he is not a candidate aa he waa theo busy in securing dele* gntes." The Railroad Bill. Mr. E. B. Murray, the Editor of the Auderaon INTELLIGENCES, ia being, very ?overely criticised by the press of the State fur advocating at the recent sessiuu of ibo Legislaturo the amendmcut to the Railroad law of 1882. Mr. Murray was ono of the strongest supporters of the Ir.w of 1MK2, and now his chango of posi tion, in favoring tho amendment, which practically amounts to a repeal of the law, it is gravely charged, has been caused hy unworthy motives. Non, this is all wrong, aud no paper in the Stato should know it better than the (?rem itir News. It is a pity that this paper and its followers can not employ their vacant Bpace nnd idle moments in a more profi table and decent manner than iii imput ing impure motives to a gentleman sim ply because ho happons to change his opinion on a certain subject and chances not to think as they do. Mr. Murray bas always been known, where known at all, ns an able and zealous worker in the Legislature, having alway? a first consid eration for tiie lutereat of the people, and he had a right to chango !iir. mind if he saw proper, and no doubt l:o has tho best of reasous for acting as ho has. We do not imagine for a moment that Mr. Murray is lu need of our assistance in this little war of words, and il in not through any nueh motive that we haye written the above. Hut our object is to enter our protest as a journalist against all huch unfair, and wo might add, ridiculous criticism. An if a mau did'ut have the right to change his mind ! The man who never changes his opinions is indeed to be pitied ; he is not worth tho name of a man. it in the fool who clings to his opinions right or wrong ; it is the wino man who changes his opinions when ?ic discovers that he is in the **ro!>g and the light of reason points out lo him the right course. Thc day should be passeunhen a man is to be criticised for holding opinions which be believe? lo be correct. This is a free country and an enlightened age and men should be al lowed to have their own views without beicg criticised, tho Greenville Xews' opinion to the contrary notwithstanding. - Georgetown Time?. - The warehouse of Captain E. C. Simkins, at Troy, Abbeville County, was burned lant week. - It is thought thal the oat crop in Barnwell County has been seriously in jured by Hie recent freeze. - The town of Aiken is taking t-iea.-; urc? to vote $30,000 to the Carolina, Cumberland Gap and Chicago Railroad. - Major Thomas Frost, Jr., has been elected r"hief of the Charleston Police force. L is a son of the late Dr. Henry R. Frost. Judge Thurman characterizes thc elec tion of Hon. Henry B. Payue to the Senate from Ohio as monstrous and dis reputable, whereupon the Augusta Chron ic and Constitutionalist naively auggesls that Mr. Thurman is not a good Payne iller. - The business men of Atlanta dis tributed about $4,000 in provisions and fuel among the poor of that city on Monday. Then a flaming account of the transaction was sent off to the Associa ted Press and a big dead bead advertUe mcnt obtained. - Near Blackstock, Fairfield, on Fri lay la?.t, Mr. Wm. McDaniel's little son, about sis years old, was crushed to death almost instantly by a log. Several chil Iren were playing on a hillside, rolling logs, when ono accidentally rolled over the little fellow causing immediate death. - A Philadelphia court is consider ing a motion for a new trial in the case of a man convicted of murder because it is alleged that during the first trial the jury was permitted to attend a church where a sermon was preached on the lax ity of the law which caused a verdict of guilty. - The groatest quarry in the country is at Pickeusville, one mile below Easley. D. C. Moore is furnishing rock for some one in Greenville. It covers four or five acres, and it ia nicely worked without tho use of blasting powder. Any size rock can be obtained, toe different layers being of various dimensions. - Sixteen new Btudentr. have entered the South Carolina College so far this mootb, making 191 enrolled since Octo bsr. The total number enrolled during the preceding year was 185. The expec tation that the attendanco this session would be larger than the one before has therefore been already realized. - Mr. John Hewlett, who was so des* perately wounded in the Christmas day affray at Allendale, Barnwell County, is convalescent. He possesses wonderful vitality for a man eighty years old. The bone of his right arm was shattered by a ball and a bullet passed entirely through his body, yat his wounds are healing by the first intention and without supura lion. - Last Wednesday night Professor Houghton, of the Cedar Springs institute, while going to his residence, was suddenly knocked down by a severe blow on the back of tbs head by some one unknown, and robbed of fifty or sixty dollars and a gold watch. The party perpetrating this dastardly deed evidently knew that his victim had received a few hours before tjuite^a sum of money.-Sparlanburg - Hon. D. W. Aiken, of South Car olina, has introduced a bill in Congress for the establishment of a Department of Agriculture, with a representative in the cabinet, who shall equal in rank and pay the other membera of the cabinet. The bill provides that he shall have an assistant with a salary of $4,000 per an num to take the place of the present Commissioner of Agriculture, which office will be abolished by this bill. - The mysterious disappearance of Mr. Charles Delmonico, of the famed New York restaurants, is puzzling the detectives of that city. He left his nome on Saturday last, in an unsound condi tion of mind, and was last seen that af ternoon on his way to the Jersey City ferry. His gloves and aome of his pri vate papera were found the same evening in a desolate spot on the outskirts of Newaik, N. J., but no further clue to bia whereabouts or fate has been obtained. The gravest fears are felt for his safety. - In Florida the recent cold spell was the severest ever known. The great ma jority of oranges around Jacksonville wera frozen, and bad reporta have been received from the southern part of the State. The crop is said to be ruined at Mandarin, and at almost every point be tween Jacksonville and Palatka. At the latter place the Hart grove was saved, because the proprietor profited by the signal service reporta, and built large log fires In various portions of bis grove. Great damage is also reported from Indian rivor. Tho signal aervice office at Jack sonville reporta that frost warnings will probably be beneficial a month hence. All along the gulf coast the frost bas ruined the garden truck, pine apples and very young orange groves. It will be several daya before the extent of the damage can be ascertained. - Aa Michael Moore, of Wellford, Spartanburg County, was going into the house from the front l&st Monday, a bul let struck him in the back of the neck and lodged somewhere about the jaw bone. Two young men had been out hunting, and they were south of the Doc tor's house fully a fourth of a mile away. One of them. 8am Hammond, had a Remington rifle and he fired it at a frozen turnip sticking out of the ground. He thinks lt probable, fronf the direction in which he fired, that the ball struck the turnip and glanced upward and atruck Mr. Moore. It is a aerious wound, but not considered dangeror.s at thia time. For the Hoyt?. Tho Wide A wake gives tho following ?tory which is all (bo better for being true : Two men ? tooti nt the same table in a largo factory in Philadelphia, work ing at the eame trade Haring an hour for their nooning every dav, each under took to wo it in accomplishing a definite purpose ; ench persevered f??r about, the ?ame number of months, and each won success at last. One of these two me chanics used hi* dsily Ici-ure hour io working out the invention of a machine for sawing a block of wood into almost any desired shape. When his invention was complete, be sold the patent for a fortune, changed hi" ./orkman'a apron for a broadcloth suit, and moved out of a tenemcnt-honsp, into a brown stone mansi?n. The other man-what did ho do? Well, he ?peni an hour each dav during most of n year in the very dilli cult undertaking of teaching a little dog to stand on bio bimi feet and dance a jig while he played the tune. At 'ast accounts he was working ten hours a ?lay at thc same trade am! at his old wages, and Soding fan!' with the fate that made his fellow workman rich while leaving him poor. Leisure minutes may bring golden grain to rn i nd as well in purse, if one harvest wheat instead of chaff. - Alabama has new 2'J cotton mills ; Georgia, (>2 ; North Carolina, i?2 ; South Carolina, .'ll ; Tennessee, .'?:i ; Virginia, 14; Maryland, lil ; Louisiana,?: Mis sissippi, il ; Texas, ') ; Kentucky, 5 ; Ar kansas, 1 ; and Florida, 2. These mills were returned in thc census of 18S0 as producing $21,000,000 worth of cotton goods, but the product for ISSI is esti mated at from $.'15,000,000 lo flO.OOO.UOO. .Since the census of I860 was compiled almo? $25,000,000 of the earnings of these mills lins been sent Norm for the purchase of new and additional ma chinery, for though thc .South itself is rapidly advancing toward such a manu facture of iron and steel implements as will enable her to i.ipply the machinery for her own cotton mills, nt present she baa got no further than agricultural im plement?. In these, however, the South in 1880 had 290 manufactories, which turned out n product worth 13,557,604, the growth having more than doubled between 1870 and 1880. - The Washington correspondent of the Augusta Chronicle and Constitutional ist, writing undor date of January S, says : "The South appears to have been specially scourged curing the psHt few days. Senator Huller, who arrived here this morning, says he feit the freeze more in South Carolina than at Wash ington, and reporlB that every goat in Edgefleld had its boms frozen off." WWMWMB?ia STOLEN ! ITMtOM the residence of the undersigned, J G milos Southwest of Anderson, or. Sunday night, Gtb inst., one luouso-colored horse M I'I.E. medium sizo, with small scar on the right fore leg. Thc Male is 14 years old. Any information concerning the animal will be gladly received. J. P. MITCHELL. Jan 1", 1884 _ 27 2? STORE ROOM TO RENT. THE Room now occupied by Julius Poppe, in Brick Range, next door to the Anderson National Bank. The best stand in thc City for Confectioneries, ftc. Apply to J. D. MAXWELL. Jan 17. 1834 _27 FIRE INSURANCE. J. H. VON HA3SEU*, ANDERSON, S C.. r* EPRESENTS First Class Companies, t> with ample Capital. Call upon bim for information as to rates, Ac. insure your property before it is burned up. Jan 17, 1884 27 ly WARNING. A LL persons ure hereby notified not to X*. hire or harbor Andrew Cherry, col ored, as lie ie under contract to work for me this lyear. Persons disregarding this notice will be dealt with at law. J. D. HILLHOUSE. Jan 17. 1834 27 1? Notice to Trespassers. A LL persons are hereby notified not to Jt\. bunt, tish or otherwise trespass on the lands of the undersigned. Persons dis regarding tins notice will bc prosecuted ut JOSHUA BURRXSS. _Jan 17L18S4 17 1 DISSOLUTION. rilHE partnership heretofore existing be X tween J. P, Heed and R. L. Moor head has been this day dissolved by mutual consent. Parties indebted to the late firm will please call at the old stand of Reed & Moorhead and settle the same with either member of the lalo firm. J. P. REED, lt. L. MOORHEAD. Jan. 7, 1884. THE undersigned, having bought out the Firm of Reed & Moorhead, will con tinue business at the old stand. Thanking ray friends for their patronage in the past. I respectfully solicit a continuance ot the same. J. p. REED. Jan 17, 1884 2*/ 3 FIRE! FUE! T HE Masons having decided to pull down the Stors Room I occupy on March lat, I am closing out my stock of Watches, Clocks and Jewelry At greatly Reduced Prices. Solid Gold Stem-winding Watches, im ported movement, for 835- warranted. ??^r8? 8triki?g. weight or -spring Clocks, $3.75, warranted. Good Breast Pins at 75c, warranted. Good Lever 8leevo Buttons, 75c., war ranted. Gold Whs Ear Rings at 75c Engagement Rings, Necklaces, etc chea J. A. DANIELS. Jan 17, 1884 27 BT I I Cl* 5* ss : lu ?I ? o _ ^5 NOTICE FINAL SETlEdENT. The underaignedjfxecutors of tho Estate of West A. WfSfcs, deceased, hereby give notice that trftwlll apply to ( the Judge of Probate for Jasrson County, on 20th day pf FebruaryE for a Final Settlement of said Estate aWIscharge from their office SJ> Executors.^ A. M.BYTON, W. Bip LL W?E, ? J? Executors. Jan 17, 1834 2T a, REPORT OF THE CONDITION OF mn National Bank of Anderson, VT Anderson, in thc State of South Carolina it Ibecloaoof biulucM December Sui, nag'. KBS?URCBS. I^-an? and Discount*.$IM,?II7 -? Overdraft*. j? IT, S. Build* t<i ?ccurc Circulation. io ooo ?1 (Hiter BI .. k*. bouda ?nd mortgage*. .H.CTi |>o Due froiH approved Itcuvrvd Agent?. 2l!vsa ja IJIK- fro.tuer National Batiks. l'ttujj "WOO Ht al Imitate. Furniture ?uti Fixture*. I M : ofoiber Hank.?. 10,7? m Fractional imper currency, nickel?, pen " ?'?. *0 7S Specie. 8,230 75 Legal Tender Not? ?. 1?OK, ^ ll.tlcnipii'ii. Fund willi I'. S. Tii-ustiri'r, tSpcrceut. of Circulation,). 2,250 00 .?301 ^Tli 1.1 A in i.nu jj. Capital Stock 1 aid in.$ ;.o,ooo 00 Sn: i.his 1-iiml . SO,!?? 00 Undivided I'rulii*. 2f?,y92 Ci National llauk Sole* iiutMandiuK. 45,ooo 00 Dividend? unpaid. 2,515 oo Individual Deposit? ?UldCCt lOCbeck. 105,9oa cj DcuiaudCcttlQcatcs ?f IJcnoail. 23,*J72 ? Total.WHfl??r?i STATU OF SOUTH CAROLINA, I COUNTY ol' ANM?KSON. /?*,. I, J. A. Biiotx, Caahler Of Hie above aaruMi Hank, do (oleiuiily swear i hat the above itateueot is true, io tin' beat ?( my knowledge and belief J. A. miocK, CubUr Subscribed and ?worn to beforo nie ibis [f?t. day of Jai'uary, ISM. WM. S. BROWN, Notary Public Correct-Allot : JuSKPll N. liuow.s, ) O, li. V. FAST, ^Directors, II. F, CBAYTON. ) Jan 17. 1883 27 , ECONOMIZE labor and save exncniui I by buying tho l'OWKLL <:oHU It I Si ATI ? 1\ PLOW SULKY; "t. (nell any plow or plows ; turn ami subsoil nt BUiue time, and prepare land better than can be ?lone by band. Draft lighter than band-plow by dynomonietrical test. Call at Walmul it Son's Store and examine it. For terms epply to undersigned. ?. M. BU KR 183, J. BELTON WAT80N. Jan 17, lo??_27_ TaJOTICE f IN AL SETTLEMENT] J3< The undersigned, Executors of thu Estate <f li. V. Lowe, deceased, hereby givo lotice that they will, on the lUth day of february, 1834, apply to the Jinl^e of Probit? for Anderson County for a Final Sentiment of said Estate, und 1 discharge from said Executorship. IVY C. LOW, lt. li. A. ROBINSON, Executors. Jan_17,J8a4_??7_ 5 Honestead Notice. NOTICE, s hereby given that Mrs. Asaiath M. Walker, widow, baa filed her Poltion asking that Homestead be set off to or out of the Estate of C. M. Walker, demised, her late husband. W. V. HUMPHREYS, Master. Jan 17, 188 _27__ 4 LNAT r\J?R?BRVE THE UW? J 40LD ONLY BY * J. UL. DANIELS. Jon 17, US4 27_ Fatnership Notice. WE, tb undersigned, have this day en terd into a partnership under the name of \. 8. LIGON & Co., for the pur {>ose of coducting a general merchandise lusiness a the old Btand of W. 8. Ligon, on the Sntbside of the Public Square. By close deniion io the wauls of our cus tomers an fair dealing, wu would solicit the patronge of the trading public. Our i tok of GROCERIES ls full up. and we will mkc it to the interest of all to price ou goods before purchasing their supplies ir the year. * W. 8. LIGON. R. S. LIGON. Jan. 11?84 Guajo and Acid Phosphate. We're receiving a largo lot of the old reliant Soluble Pacific Guano and Acid and thc Standard Edisto Acidl'ho?phute, all of which weare prop&'d to sell at the lowest market prices. Tli'0 are old established brands of Fer tiii;: ?, and no one can doubt the reliabili ty pits analysis or the quality of the W. S. LIGON ?fe CO. ANDERSON jCITY CONFECTIONERY. I KEEP ON HAND ALWAY8 Fresh Soda, Lomon, Cream and .Sweet Crackers, Cakes, Candy, Confectioneries, Fruits, Nuts, Deviled Meats, Cross &, Blackwell's ChowChowPicklcs, Canned Goods, Flour, Sugar, Coffee, Grist, Rico, Lard, Soaps, Cups and Saucen?, Chamber Sets, Glassware, Rubber, Musical and Baso Balls, Novelties, Dundee Marmalade, Tobacco, good 3?gara, Sigarotts.^pes.etceto.^ Jan 10. 1884_26 2 _ C. BART & CO., CHARLESTON, S. C., ry\] E LARGEST IMPORTERS OF Iii the 8011th, offer for sale a well selected Stock of Apples, Oranges, Bananas, Cocoanuts, Lemons, Raisins, Na?, Dried Figs, Potatoes, Cabbages, Onions, Peanuts, And everything else that a First Class Fruit House should have. Nov 8,1883_17_ 6m _ Blankets and Marsailles Quilts. rHR fi'est lot of Blankets, Crochet and Mai dUes Quilts, in Town. -ALSO, tadies Cloaks and Shawls, and Yankeft lotions. For sale low by _ A. B. TOWERS. Sept 27, 1883_ ll NOTICE TO Idministrators, Executors, Guardians, and Trustees. A LL Administrators, Executors, Goar CX. dians and Trustees are hereby notiflea o make their Annual Returns to this op? luring the month of January, as require^ > y law THOS. C. LIGON, Judge of Probate. JanS, 1884 26 *