Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY E. B. MURKAY & CO._ ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER i, 1881. VOTJTMF, YVTT -TSJO a K liiiEAT INTERNATIONAL COT. I ??n i-? TON EXPOSITION. A New Kr? for tho Houth. \s before stated in these Columus, ere was a peculiar fitness in thc calling au exhibition of thc machinery and ethoda of cotton culture and manufac A Htaplo worth in annual crop iou gathered irom tho field ?300,000, (I and acquiring an added valuo of Hill uOO.OOO when manufactured, tie rve's a special exposition. When we ?sider that thia staple ia manufactured ? creat diatanco from the fields in ?cb it is grown, and by a people of li?rent habits from those that grow it, seems fit that they should bo brought .'ether on common ground. Mr. At naon prefaced bia call for an exposition iii tho statemout that thcro wits no eat staple of the world-except sugar crown and handled so wastefully as tton. Tho Coutil, acting upon this rrgestion, migbt reply that there ia no dust rv iii which such swift progress ia ade aa i" the manufacture of cotton, id thus notify tho spinners of New acland that they might also profit by adv of thc latest inventions in nia lincry. The .South waa so torn up and devas tad by the ravages of war that many ive held it to be still a region of ruins id makeshifts, semi-civilized and bar irous. With the clearing away of tho ouda there has been made apparent to c North, when it looked "across the ie" n country bright, prosperous, ce'rful - filled with hospitable, cultured id law-abiding people-covered with its ecial and interesting crops and its iricd groves and flowers, and the temp lion io journey into this fair laud is a rong one. It is estimated that the owd of strangers at the Exposition will nount to certainly a half million, and obably twice as mauy. These will be >t thc ordinary excursionists, but mcu id women of character and capital, ircwdly observant, studying the customs id opportunity of thc country, and lay g up u lestimony that must be of the most importance to the development of e section they visit. COST OF TOAVEL. Remarkably low rates have boen made om thc principal citicR of thc United ates. From Chicago to Atlanta and turn will bc $14, and from Cincinnati ni return $!>. Tho rate for round trip om New York will probably be $18 to ?1. Monster Bjiecial excursions will be ganized by the transportation comm?t es, and so adjusted that the special owds will be distributed over the three ouths. After thc first two months of ie Exposition thc annual tide of Flor a travel-involving from 50,000 to iii/J?O people-will set in and be clo yed for a few days by thc Exposition, lie transportation committee, reeogniz ig the desire of the visitora to .sec the lecial sights of tho South, are orgau ing local excursions at tho very lowest tes and with extra accommodations for ic gold fields of Georgia, the orange oves of Florida, tho famous battle ;lds, thc mineral belt of Alabama, and the various Southern cities. For very nail outlay, and by special excursion ains, the visitor at the Exposition cnn c the poiuta of interest throughout the )Utb from Atlanta ns a center. M1 SOE 1.1.AN EOUS EX I II It ITri. It was agreed months ago that the Ex cition should not be limited to cotton, it should hnve as incidental exhibits om every branch of industry. Such mses as Thurber & Co. and Lord & ay lor, avow their purpose to make more aboratc displays than they have ever I'tde at a world's fair, and this spirit werna all who have made entries. There are several companies that will irry on in the building the complete auufaclure of cotton from tho seed to io finest cloths or threads, and a Pbila ?lphia firm promiaes to do what has jver been attempted before-manufac re fine cotton on woolen machinery. The Foreign Commissioner, Mr. H. V. . Miller, uow in Europe, reports that i the 122th of August two steamships ailed with English machinery will sail r this country. The importation of is machinery will put English and merican in square competition, and will obably settle the supremncy of the nglish roller or thc American gin, con aning which tho world is now in dia ne. Among special experimente, it will be ded whether or not the Clement At chment Mills that promised such a ?volution a year or ago aro practicable id efficient, and settle finally whether ie cotton fiber can be spun profitably id honestly as it comes from the gin id on the border of thc field in which ia grown. Indeed, tho exhibit will be i thorough and complete that thia Ex cition will settle many mooted quea ons as to cotton manufacture, and will and a% the dato from which many es ntial reforms arc made. Probably the mostintcresting exhibits, >wever, will bo the general Southern splay. For example, tho gold fields of eorgia, which yield ?1,500,000 of bull n per annum, are in chnrge of a local .mmitteo that will make tho most cx lustive display of ores, nuggets and irs ever made, perhaps. Nuggets rang g from twenty pennyweights to eight indred will be shown, anil a specimen qua;!? weighing ninety pounds and owing over ?500 worth of gold on the rfaco. These fields aro being rapidly svcloped and the most satisfactory re lia obtained, nnd yet twenty mills ight bc located where there is now one, id the supply still be practically incx uistible. The bars from all the mills they are turned out week after week ill he put on exhibition. There will 5, perhaps, ?500,000 worth of native lld shown by this committee. An exhaustive exhibit of tropical WU, flowers, sea island cottod, cane and 1 die products of Florida will be made ' the Hamilton Diaster Company that is bought tho 15,000,000 acres of over ?des, and this display will bc supple ented by the State immigration autlior tea. b Commissioner Killebryer, in charge of o Department of WoodB and Minerals, ya there will be Buch n display as has ^er been seen before Tennessee and ort.li Carolina, the section where tho oods of thc North and South overlap, o especially rich in woods, having a ametor that, i: Wretched along tho At nuc const, would reach from Savannah Canada. The forests of theao States 0 rich beyond description and Staat ?ry soon 'bo called into"the^market. ucy will Bhow sassafras logs six feet '?CK, and it is said of these two States at they can raise within their borders crything needed for thc comfort of a? except coffee and spices. Georgia iu make a Quo display of woods from VAf,l f?resta from which sho nowflhipa tiually 300,000,000 feet of lumber, her is omers ranging from Fnyal, in South '"ca, to Montreal, Canada. As for minerals, overything wi", bo 1 Si , m diamonds to iron oro, and ri d.isPlay will bo arranged with tho ^particularity. Tho marble of nX, i^ntJC?seo that is attracting so ucb attention will bo oxhibitcd, and it i ..... uiauf piaiu how Georgia pronoaoa ! to build a capitol costing over ^l'sw OOO and use notbfDR but nattve materWH from foundation lo turret. A very fine display will be made in a monster iufiS tne&outh. 1 be competition in this de partment is very brisk, each road doing S ?Ht >? uatcb tbe ^?migration that P??*ft begu?10 i)0Ur ln* "??South bach of the great systc"l8 of roads have E <?ftiffiTial,0n' ?D*in? from $3,000 to *10,000 to arrange for tho display, and ?he country contiguous to the rails will vali? 0fal1 that l88U?ge8?vcor| A very large hall ia being built for the accommodation of the various Southern Conventions that, adjourned to meet at Atlanta during thc Exposition. One of these-the Geo-pia State Horticultural Society-will mate an exhaustive dis play ol the fiowcrs. fruits, etc., of thc R? # t ii*" Associations of every otate, we believe, have accepted invita .ions to bc present. Application, have becu received from many local associa tions in various Southern States for tents or which 3,000 are provided, and they will usc those tents to live in dunne; our delicious Indian Summer. A number of Western cities have takeu space for col ectivo displays, aud Colorado, moving through the Atchisuu. Topeka and Kan sas Road and others, is making arrange ments to surpass thc display she niado at the Centennial. At the grounds several hundred hands are at work, and thc main buildings arc nearly finished. Thc Exposition will bc a show entire ly worthy of tho United States.-Ameri can Inventor. Thc Negro Pullccmau. "Herc he comes !" A motley crowd of nearly live hun dred white and black people stood on Lombard street below Eighth, Hieing tho Nineteenth District Stationhouse last evening, where they had been waiting for upwards of an hour to get a glimpse of Charles K. Draper, one of Hie new colored policemen, who was to go on duty at (i o'clock in company with the squad of "regulars.'' Anxious to assume the responsibilities of his new position, Draper had been to see thc tailor who was making his uniform carly yesterday morning, and succeeded in having Iiis blue uniform and shining brass buttons ready to don before ? o'clock in ihe after noon. Somehow the people in the thick ly populated neighborhood came to hear of it, and the news spread quickly from mouth to mouth, so that when the hour for going on duty arrived the street in front of thc stationhouse was packed from curb lo curb with a curious mob all ready lo salute the first black policeman ever seen in Philadelphia. "Yes, look at dat air niggah !" was shouted as Officer Draper, armed with Hie authority of the law, a mace and a rattle, descended the stone steps of the stationhouse, preceded by a dozen and Hanked by us many more of the old olli cers of the district. With an almost phenomenal Bolemity the squad tiled slowly down the steps. Draper, cool and collected, uodded right and left to nu merous acquaintances, who called him by name, and by the time thc blue coats reached Eightlt street he had been cheered a dozeu times. Along Eighth street to Spruce walked the officers, close ly followed by the crowd, which was be ing increased every moment by the irre pressible small boy, who yelled and hooted at every step. "Shoot thc niggers cap !" yelled a di minutive barefooted youth in a long tailed cont. "Jes' luk at him !" screech ed a lemon-colored woman in a dirty calico dress. "Wull, wull !" exclaimed a venerable old ann of Ihe Green Isle; "niver did I expect to see the loikes o that. A nagur polaceman ! It's con sated I am thal we'll bc bavin' a black President afoor long." Draper paid no attention whatever lt the multitude of unfavorable comments lie walked firmly along, and the only in dication he gave of hearing was whet: thc colored people cheered, when ht bowed and smiled in recognition of th( compliment. At Spruce street the olliccrs who had accompanied him divided, and he walket slowly down Spruce street to Seventh there to be saluted by a 'jhorus of cat calls, cheers and hisses frrm an army o small boys seated on the curbstone ot each side of tue street. From Sevcntl to about halfway between Eighth ant Ninth streets the pavement waa fillet with a noisy crowd of white and bind urchina who had been waitiug with im patience for what to Hiern would be i novel exhibition. By some kind of : signal it was telegraphed along the lin that tho new officer was on duty leas thai live minutes after he had turned tb corner of Eighth street. Down came th crowd on a dead run. They hemmed th black policeman in on every side. The; yelled and shouted in ear-splitting clio rua. Draper, with remarkable coolness paid no attention to the hubbub, but afte reaching Seventh street turned about am walked up the thoroughfare with the ai of a veteran. The object of curiosity bore thc criti cisma without a word aud walked grave ly up and down Spruce street, Seventh t Eleventh, only stopping when grecte and congratulated. About fifty yards i the rear two stalwart special officers i citizen's clothes walked, ready to give th recruit assistance should he require i Draper was entirely unaware of bavin any protectors, and displayed comment ablo pluck and patience in not noticin tho idle jibes of the crowd. "I expect to do my duty, the same ? any other oilicer," said he, "and I pay n attention to all this tomfoolery. I ej pectcd it, and just made up my mind t let. it tro in one car and out the ottic It don't bother or annoy mc in the leas After thc novelty wears off people wi pay no n.orc attention to me than to an other officer."-Philadelphia Press. A Kiss THAT DIDN'T PAY.-The To edo Record gets od a good one in regal to ft citizen of Iowa, whose wife, in li nbscence, had been kissed by a drove while giving a glass of water. When l heard of tho outrage, he starU at once in pursuit, found the drov after a hare! day's ride, and accusi him of the theft. f . The drover admitted the truth of tl soft impeachment-said he had been lonr time from home, solely temple and in nu unguarded moment of fren .;.c bjua but that he had n damaged" the woman in tho small? particle-was very sorry-thought itw no matter to make a great ado abm ?nd therefore begged to be excused. Thc husband finally coucludcd that tl was the right view of tho matter, a agreed to settle it upon the receipt of f,?r his day's ride This being sat.s r tory, tho drover handed over a $10 o and received $5 in change. But wn the aggrieved benedict returned ho. and consulted his detector, he found t bill a counterfeit. Ho found he had stiff cd tho indignity of having bis wife Vm by a nasty drover, passed ono day in t saddle anti lost five dollars, and cone dCd that it didn't pay. Olli STATE AND HEU BESOUKCES. Th? County of Ocoiico und her Great Natui ul Endowment*. Thc Keoweo Cour?t iu ti thoughtful ?nd carefully prepared article, setting forth the great >> '.vantages to be derived from a full exhibition of tho resources and producta of thia State at tho Inter national Cotton Exposition which will be held in Atlanta, Ga., during the cont ing fall, urges the participation of the people of Oconcc County aud comments at considerable length upon the resour ces of that sectiou of the Slate. Oconoe County was formed by a divis ion of Tickens District iu 18G8, Walhalla becoming tho county seal. No while settlement was made within tho present limits of the county, it is believed, prior to tlie year 1783, aud for many years only the richer bottom hinds were occu pied. The rest of thc country was cov ered with canebrakes and forests, and up to thc beginning of the war the people took life easy and speut large portions of their time in huntiug, fishing and visit ing. The present site of Walhalla was purchased by the German Colonization Society in 1850, and was laid out in lots and allotted to settlers during thc same year. THE Fl HST BUILDING was erected by Diedricb Riemann, in 1851. The town was incorporated in 1855, and the Blue Ridge Railroad was built to its present terminus in 1801. Prior to that time thc county was not possessed of any marketing facilities, and thc people did the greater part of their business in Augusta, making the journey, which consumed about two weeks, in wagons. With thc railroad new people began to come in, and the progress of the county since that time has been steadily onward. Walhalla has now a population of about eleven hundred, and is well supplied with stores, mechanics, churches and colleges. There are in tho county several other towns : Seneca City at the crossing of the Air Line and Bluo Ridge Railroads, Westminster on tho Air Line Railroad, Fort Madison on the T?galo River, and Fair Play in the lower part of thc county. In the county there, ure upwards of fifty churches, including Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian and Lutheran, so that no neighborhood is destitute of schools and churches. THE POPULATION of the county is generally German and English and is thrifty, industrious aud law abiding. The whites out number the blacks more thau three to one, aud thc ratio is widening every year. This ?usures a healthy local government and its attendant blessings. Crime is of rare occurrence and confined chiefly to ne groes. Tho criminal courts rarely last above two days, and often at the summer term not a case of crime ia tried. In a period of fifty-two years no white man residing in the bounds of Oeouee County has been executed and but one negro for murder. There arc in tho county be tween four and five huudred thousand acres of laud, nearly four hundred thou sand of which are in native forest, with a population in 1870 of eleven thousand, which has increased in 1880 to a little over sixteen thousand. Land is very cheap. TUT. TOPOGRAPHY of thc county ia diversified with hill and valley, with large plats of table lauds in the lower section. The upper part ver gea to the mountainoua and is, except on the streamp, not valuable except for to bacco, grapes, fruits and stock raising, Tho large number of streams flowing through the interior furnish rich valley's where corn crows luxuriantly. It auc all otlier grains can bc profitably grown also on thc table laude. Thc aoil, tliougb naturally fertile in many places, baa un dcrlaying it a stiff clay subsoil, render iug it capable of the highest productive power by proper fertilization and drain age. THE STAPLE PRODUCTS grown and adapted lo the county an corn, wheat, rye, oats, pena, rice, cotton tobacco and barley. Before tho war Mr J. C. Neivillo harvested from one acre o land on Tugaloo River 112 bushels o corn, without irrigation. Dr. Broylc was awarded a premium by thc Pondie ton Farmers' Society for 107 bushels o rice grown on one acre, and Mr. Max well, on Toxaway above Walhalla gathered from two acres of land 2,80i pounds of cotton in the seed. Thi waa before the usc of commercial fertili zers aud the improvement in seed am farming, and shows what may be accom plished by p.oper manuring and tillage The experiment of growing upland rice i bein , fully tested this year and promi ees tu be a success in yield and profi In the early settlement of tho couut tobacco was grown largely, and 1,00 pounds to the acre without fertilize! waa a common yield on fresh hillside The small grains are well adapted to thi county, as much as forty-four bushels ( wheat and eighty-five buehels of oal having been harvcated from ono acn and from experiments on a small seal ? .. aro satisfied tho grasses aud wit them stock raising can bo mado profiti hie. No section can produce a greatt variety of staple field crops than this, i also Irish and sweet potatoes, cahbngi and other vegetables. Wherever apple and peach orchart have been tried they have proved a sui cess, and other fuits, such ns pear plums, cherries, strawberries, Ac., ri turn a good vield. Small vineyards i Walhalla and other sections of tho coui ty demonstrate the adaptability of tl soil and climate to the growth of tl grape. This crop ha? never been know to fail, and recently several German ic migrants have projected vineyards < considerable extent, so that wino mal ing so profitable in France and German may at an early day become ono ol tl leading industiics. Perhaps no country can boast of a lu ger or more valuable variety of limb than the lino counties of upper Carolin Thr.ro ia in abundance pino, white oa pest oak and other varieties of tho on hickory, poplar, dogwood, Ac, and good though scattering supply of map black walnut, black locust, wild cher black gum, Ac. These timbers, aro of tougher and closer texturo thau thc grown in colder regions and heneo mc valuable. THE MINERAL WEALTH of tho county has never been developt although sufficient cxp'orationn ha been mado to warrant assertion that it both extensiva and valuable. Deposits goldcan be fouu? in all the upper port: of the county, and years ago a number mines were worked in tho Chcroi region profitably. Small veins of gold quartz nave been opened in a few plac but not followed or worked sufficiently ascertain their richness. No copper silver has been found, but it ia bclioi bot! exist in tho county. Mica, nab toa, corrundum, iron oro and other m erais have been found in various pa of the county. THE WATER POWER. Thero are in thc county upwards fifty water powers, ranging from fifty twelve hundred horse power. There some ucar Walhalla, Seneca City, West ? minster and Fort Madison. The most of j them are within easy distance of tho ! railroads, especially when wo consider j that cotton is grown near them and can ? be bought at market prices without 1 hauling. These could be utilized for j manufacture* ol' wood and cotton, and these too remoto for those ! purposes could bo couverted into Iiurposcs of mills and lannuerios profita >ly. The great quautily aud variety of oak makes the tannin;; business an easy and profitable one. THE RA1LUOAU FACILITIES of thc county for the purpose of travel and commerce are equal to those of almost any couutyjin tho Stale.^Tho Bide Ridge liai I road and connections furnish daily communicatiou with Charleston and tho Air Line Hoad passes through tho centre of tho county a'.d furnishes direct communication with the North ! and West. The taxes in South Carolina are low, tho expenses of thc State government j being between three and four hundred thousand dollars per year. The rate per cent, levied for State, county and school purposes ranges from eight to eleven mills, ou a valuation of less than ono hundred and fifty millions of dollars. On a full valuation of thc property of the Stato it would hardly exceed half thc present rate. Kc m i II i sconses of Johns Hopkins. lie left $9,000,000, a moiety of which was divided between eighteen relatives, aud the bulk retained for a university and several hospitals. Thc nephew who was often at variance with him received almost twice as much as his brothers who never contradicted him. Mr. Hopkins never married. The daughters of Epam inondas were that hero's famous victories. The children of Johns Hopkins arc the splendid institutions ho has left to learn ing, to mercy, and to scienco. There never was :t stronger man. He started life with $400, and built up, by his own exertions, a colossal fortune. From the beginning he declared that he had a mis sion from (Jod to increase his store, and that the golden Hood that poured into his coffers did not beloug to him or to the hundreds who sought to borrow or beg it from him. Ho declared that a supernatural power prevented him from taking money from his pocket to bestow foolish alms, and that some day the world would know that ho was not grasp ing, avaricious, and narrow minded man he W1J3 accounted. Ho nevertheless helped secretly many worthy persons, and, after his death, it was "discovered that not a few merchants had been saved by him from financial embarrassment and sorrow. But in tho common accep tation of the term he was not liberal. His "mission" prevented that. Toward the close of a very long life he became stingy and suspicious, but the end he had proposed never suffered change, aud that was the mistress of his soul tovtard whom he maintained au inflexible fideli ty. "Clifton" was his pride, and upon il ho spared no expense. Here the great university was to be founded ; butin this his desigu will be battled. Tho city au thorities have lakeu some seventy acres just in front of tho imperial mansion, and the uoblo chestnut grove he bau nurtured, not ono tree of winch he would have cut down even when withered, has fallen before the remorseless ax of pro gress. The foundations of a vast lake for thc water supply of Baltimore aro already in course of excavation, and tho engiueers and their rude implements oc cupy several of the beautiful chambers of "Clifton." An uncanny oid tramp used to station himself under a giant oak that stood sentry by the lodge of "Cliftou." This made Mr. Hopkins nervous aud became a mortal offense. He told ouo of his nephews of it, and said ho did not know how to abate thc nuisance. "Why not pay him, uncle, and send him a>vny?" queried thc young man. "Pay him money!" Mr. Hopkins shricke'l. whilo bis long arms Hew about like wind mills. "Pay him money ! God forbid. When I do thnt there will be a hundred vaga bonds here instead of one!" "Well, tb^n," added the nephew, "if I were you, Ui cle John, I would kick him out." "I ct mot do that," thc old man pleaded, "I am afraid!" "What!" tin nephew re torted, "are you afraid of such a cur as that?" "No, no," Mr. Hopkins whis pered hoarsely, "I am not afraid of him, but afraid of God. Did you never read I in tho Bible how Dives treated Lazarus? Would you have me repeat that story and burn in hell forever?" That ended it. Ou one of the last days of his earthly existence Mr. Hopkins called his devo ted gardener to him and said : "I am beginning to hate this place, because it dot? not bring in money. Did you ever feed hogs? Have you not observed that the strong animals bear away tho cars of corn, and that the weaker ones pursue them squealingly, in hopes that all or some of tho treasure will bo lost or dropped." The gardener replied that the sketch was a true one. "Well, then," said Mr. Hopkins, "I nm that strong hog. I have tuat big ear of corn, and every piggish rascal in Baltimore is intent upon stealing it or wresting it from me!" "Sir," he said, "turning brusquely to thc gardener, "do you think a very rich man is happy?" The gar dener answered : "Tim extreme of pov erty is a Bad thing. Tho extreme of wealth no doubt beam with it many trib ulations." Mr. Hopkins rejoined : "You are right, my friend ; next to thc hell of being utterly bereft of money is the pur gatory of possessing u vast amount of it. I have a mission, and under it? shadow J. have accumulated wealth, but not hap piness." Flirtation. The Supreme Court of a neighboring State has decided that when a man has for a long time flirted with a girl--waited on her in public, visited her in private, bestowed presents upon her and played the agreeable towards her in various little winning ways-it is prima facie evidence of his having promised to marry her. And it has been decided in another Stato that, when a married woman flirts with any mau, that man not being her IIUH bund, furnishes prima farie evidence of infidelity towards her husband, which, in a trial of divorce, should go very far with n jury in finding against nor. This is just right. A man has no busi ness to canter around with a girl, win her affections, be in 'he way of some honest fellow, nnd perhaps be the means of the ( girl losing moro eligible offers to mar liage, and then sneak of like a suck-egg pup and say ho was "only passing away tho timo just ?or fun !" Or what right has a married woman to turn away from her husband, practice thc invincible arts of the sex upon the tender hearts of suscep tible young men? There is no fun in any such gamea, and something ought to be done willi all such-the gracious knows what ! - Laurinburg, N. C., challenges tho world with a female child fifteen months old, woighing 173 pounds. STORY OF THE MERRIMAC. i I ii? Career of (ho Famous Confederate I roo cl ad. From the Philadelphia Timet. When the Federals abandoned the navy yard at Norfolk, iu 18G1, they set lire to thc vessels lying there in ordiuary. Among these waa the Merrimac, one of a class of vessels which, when they were built, were considered tho finest speci mens of naval architecture afloat. On the occasiou in queslioa thc Merrimac was burnt to the water-line. Her ma chinery temaincd iutact and it was de termined by tho Confederate authorities to make of what remained of her an ironical ram that might give some trou ble to thc enemy's vessels lying in tho waters of Virginia. A structure of oak, sloping like the roof of a house, was built upon thc old hulk, and this wood work was coverer* with plates of wrought iron two inches thick. Tho ends of these plates, where they rested on tho edge of the old hulk, extended about a foot under wntor. Below that, lino the vessel was vulnerable as she had ever been. The rudder chains, too, were per fectly unprotected, lying exposed on the "fantail, or that portion of tho hull which extended out .'haft tho shield. The wheel was under lue forward part of the shield and the pilot was protected by [a huge hollow cone of cast iron, per forated with holes for him tosco through. The bntterv of tho Merrimac consisted of ten Dabfgren guns-one 11-inch point ing forward, and another pointing aft, mid eight 9-inch guns on thc side. TUE MERRIMAC'S CHEW. Our crew was made up in a great measure of green countrymen detailed from the di fi?rent voluntcor r?giments stationed about Norfolk, but there were some trained seamen among them. From tho time of taking them in hand till the day of going into action, an in terval of about two weeks, wc drilled them incessantly nt thc guns of the receiving ship, the old frigate United States. On the forenoon of thc 8th day of March 18r>2, thc Merrimac, or, as sho had becu newly christened, the Vir ginio, cast off from thc wharf al thc navy yard and stated on her trial trip. We steamed straight for Hampton Roads. Whatever was tho design ol our captain, Franklin Huchanan. ho kept it to himself. Years afterwards I learned from Catesbv Jones, our executive officer, that he had been taken into the Captain's confidence, but I nm quite certain that no one else had. Wc all thought that wo were making an ordinary trial trip. And yet wo were rapidly approach i or tho enemy's vessels-the Cumberland and Congress frigates-that lay nt an chor oil* Newport's New?. A s a midship man I had served in both vessels, the Cumberland, in which I had nerved briefly, being the first vessel I had ever boarded, while tho Congress had been my floating homo for nearly three years. .ow natural they looked-their boats at .tic swinging booms, the Congnis with her wash clothes between the main and mizzen rigging. How many of the poor fellows who scrubbed their blue shirts on Ibo deck that morning ever had need again of shirts or aught else after that day ! At last there isa sign of life on board the two frigates. Their swinging boom? ?je nlongsidc ; their boats are run to tl? davits ; the Congress pipes down wash clothes, and now wo hear tho long-roll of our own drum and fife calling us tc quarters. There is no longer a doubt o: our captain's intentions. He soon ap pears on the gun deck, makes a stirring: appeal to the crew, aud then takes bli station near the wheel. THE FIO UT BEGUN. I command the third division of gun and was stationed amidships of thi shield. From that station my view o what was going on outside the vessel wa restricted to tho gunport, and that wa nearly filled by the guu. For a time could see only the rim cf tho horizon o the distant shore. Rut suddenly tin side of a great ship, close aboard, cern suddenly in view. I saw her but lor i moment, for the smoke from her broad side of twenty-five guiiB, promptly an swered by our own, soon enveloped bc and us. A few moments of the thuudc of battle, of sulphurous smoke, of th passing below of the wounded, and thc there is a thud as if tba vessel bad sui denly run aground. There is cheorin forward, and soon Flag Lieutenant Minc passes aft and cries out : "We've sunk theC-umbcrlaud." The next time I saw the Congress sh was aground with some of her sails se Wo had taken up a raking position und?, her stern and a lew shots from our broai side guns brought down her flag. Lieu Minor was sent in a ship's cutter to n ceive her surrender, and at the san time two tugs that had been impoveriul ed as gunboats ran alonside to take c tho prisoners. Tho tugs were driven c by sharp-shooters on shore and Mini and ono of his boat's crew were woundc by musket balls fired out of tho gun-dec ports of tho Congress. Rucbanan, thc ou tho upper deck, on top of tho slue shouted down the hatchway : "Destroy that d-d ship I They a killing our men under a flag of truce !" Sadly we proceeded to obey thc ord< for wc believed that thc firing on Min was done without the knowledge of tl officers of the Congress. Nevertheh we resumed our firing, while officers the poop deck ot thc doomed vessel wc waving their white handkerchiefs. Il we did not keep it up long, for it w apparent that tue Congress bad airea been set on fire by our ?hot. About tl time Buchanan was borne beSw, wour ed by a sharp-shooter ou share. "Wo have done a very good da _U lt T_-."_!_1 i" /-!_?_.?._ T ?.w..., i ........ ... . 11/J some time during the afternoon ho pas! nt my di liuion. "Yea," ho replied, "but it isn't ov The Minnesota and St. Lawrence arc cc ing up from Fortress Monroe." These vessels fixed on us at long ran as with the approach of night wc stee cd over to Bowell's Point to seud on sh our dead and wounded. HAMMING THE MONITOR. With early dawn the next day wo i the St. Lawrence back under the guns Fortress Monroe, the Miunesota ap rently aground near the aceno of yes day's battle ; and a curious-look I craft, which proved to be tho Moni lying near her. Wo ?tea: .ed over wards the Minnesota, and tho Moni boldiy set forth to meet us half v For hours and hourn we bombarded e other without any apparent injury jitbor vessel. Seeing that every pro tile that struck our strange enemy shattered into fragments against her ret, I ordered my division to ceaao fir Calling Catesby Jones' atteution to idle gunB, he said : "Well, we're j about to try another plan. Wc are gi to ram her." And wo did. But for a misconception of what momentum of tho Merrimac could I compliah it would have beon all : with the Monitor. As it was, our eng j were stopped juit beforo wo struck j If they bad not benn we would undo cdly Lavo ran her under. As it waa, after that gcutlo push she uever fired auother shut at the Merrimac. With drawing entirely out of our range she was a silent spectator for fully an hour of our practico at long range, with thc Minnesota fort, target. When we finally ceased luring and re turned to Norfolk it was for the following reasons as stated by Captain Jones to each of ilia division officers : "Wo can't get nearer tho Minnesota than wo aro. for our draft ia thc same as hers, ami we'll get aground if we try to get nearer, ??lio is now apparently reduced to a mere wreck and 1 dou't think sho will ever get afloat again. Wc have dono ull that we can do, for tho enemy's iron-c' .d keepaoutof our range. Our ship is leak ing, probably from the loss of her prow when she rammed tho Cumberland, and our crew are tired out from working their guns for nearly two days. I ?hink wc have fulfilled the mission on which we came and had better return," which accordingly we did, and the next day wont iu dock to get ready for another raid. WHAT ll Al> MS EN DONK. We had met and silenced upwards of 180 guns afloat, lo say nothing of the shore batteries. It is safe to say that never before had 10 guns successfully encountered such odds. If what I have said bo true tho Northern version of our encounter with the Monitor is utterly false. And I nm sustained not only by all who served on hoard the Merrimac and tho wooden vessels of our little squadron and tho thousands who viewed the battle Iron- the neighboring shores, but also by thc captain of the Minnesota. In his report to tho department he says in effect that seeing the Monitor silenced and withdrawn from the battle and his own vessel at the mercy of thc Merri mac he had nearly completed his prepa rations for abandoning and burning tho Minnesota, when, much to his joy, tho Merrimac returned to Norfolk. It may be ns well to add that in her encounter with the Monitor the Merrimac did not sustain any material iujury, while I think an inquiry into the reason for tho withdrawal of tho Monitor will show that her turret would not turn after she had been rammed by tho Merrimac. Thc last demonstration by tho Merri mac was against a Federal fleet of eight or ten vessels, tho Monitor among them. They were bombarding Bowell's l'oint under the eye, wo heard, of Mr. Lincoln himself, then on a visit to Fortress Mon roe. Wo steamed down from Norfolk and offered battle, when the whole fleet made haste to huddle under thc guns of the fortress. Wc sent in and cut out two transport brigs under their very noses, but the Monitor let slip thc splen did opportunity of driving us back to Norfolk a second timo. We were much blamed by our own people for destroying tho Merrimac i when wo did. After tho evacuation of Norfolk by our laud forces no other course remained to us. We could not go to sea nor up the James River. Un less the vessel haO been destroyed her surrender would have been a mere ques tion of lime. With the euemy in pos session of Norfolk we would have been speedily starved into submission. J. It. Eaai.EbTON. ONE OF TUE INFERNAL MACHINES. 1 have seen and bandied ouo of thc now ; notorious iufcrual machines, and a very ugly machine it is. Its aspect is not unlike that of a square cofl'eo canister or lin of preserved ment. The case is of some preparation of zinc hammered. Until the lid is removed tho devilish thing seems iu> innocent as any article from a grocer's or oilman's shop. Even on a closer inspection tho machine might bo tukon for a roughly fashioned clock, for these American affairs nrn nothing wonderful in tbs way of work manship. They have been made evi dently by contract, and have none of tho nicety and finish of Thomascn's, which exploded at Bremerhaven. All the works are iu full view at tho top ; tho dynamite or uitro-lignino material is hidden below in several cylinders. A very simple contrivance has been adopt ed toexpiod'J the charge at a given limo. A flat disk slowly revolves by the action of thc clock-work until a slot in thc disk comes opposite a lever or handle in con nection willi it. Thc slot releases tho lever; the latter in its turn releases a spriug, and a small hammer falls upon tho detonating cap-after which the del uge. My first thought on examining this ingenious product of thc nineteenth cen tury was what I should have done with it had I discovered it under my chair, duly charged und wouud up. I am not more of a coward than my neighbors, perhaps, and yet thc idea made me shud der. I felt that I could do justice to the gallant man who gains the Victoria Cross for throwing a '. ve shell overboard. But n littlo coolness, after all, ia what ia nec essary. To remove the detonating cap would be tho work of a second or two and little more would bo needed to pass a knife-blade into tho clock-work and stop the whole machine. There aro many, however, who would still prefer absence of body to auy such presence of mind.-London World. A NEW FASHION PLATE.-A New York firm has just got out a new fashion plate, in which the President and Cabi net pose as dummies on which to hang thc latest styles. The President in a dress suit makes the central figuro, and looks as thousands have seen him in real life. Ho ia shaking hands with Mr. Hunt, secretary of the navy, who is dress ed in a genteel undress suit, and looks na lie is often seen on Pennsylvania avenue of an afternoon. Secretary Blaine ia on the left of the picture, iu nu impossible overcoat, which would do justice, to a Vonnor. Air Lincoln jg way aver to thc right, looking for all tho world like a New York swell, while near him ia At torney-General MacVeagb, with bia hair Kurted in the middle, in a double roasted sack, looking just too sweet for anything. Y jere is tho poamaater-gen cral, James, in a stylish single-breasted .<ack, looking Uko one of tho jeuntae dvree who can play billards in fivediflcr ei;*, languages. There is thc secretory of t ie interior, dresaed in u suit of clothes that would Insure his being snubbed in any town of his own State of Iowa, in which far-away country tho wearing of fashionable garments ia considered proof Eositivo of incipient softening ul the rain. Tho Granger secretary arrayed in such raiment would not bo known by himself or his best friends. Tho only sitting figuro ia that of tho secretary of the treasury, Mr. Windorr., who looks like a well-preBorved bachelor of thirty years who inherited a fortune from his j grandfather, and who has never wasted tho gray matter of his brain ou any more important subjects than polo, driving a tally-ho, or leading in the german, l?o ia represented in tao picture as if he had just dropped into tho club, and, after taking an attitude, seems to say, "Just look nt tho30 pants." Solomon in all I his glory was not arrrayed like ono of these. - Frost fell at Concord, N. IL, last week. UNDER A SKYEY CANOPY. Thmisntiil* of Itenpeitablo People Sleep ing lil tho Open Air. Vennor and hi? cold wave seriously in terfered with tho manner of living of quite a large section of New York's in habitants, namely, the people who ?lcep out of doors on roof-tops, fire oscapes, in areaways, trucks and on park ben.'ies. It is quite a mistake that many people labor under in supposing that necessarily all persons who sleep in other places than fine airy bedrooms and on pallets not made of downy feathers or fino hair be long to thc order of tramps and vagrants. Of course, thc great majority of people to he found snoring so vigorously in the parks at night, anti whoso boot soles arc HO extremely familiar with the police man's club, are members of the tramp fraternity, as aro also the specimens to he found along the docks and river fronts. These latter, in fact, aro dangerous tramps, who aro quite at home with tho rats and the other vermin of tho docks, and who would not for a moment hesitnto to rob and throw into tho river any ine briated person who might stray down among them during the night. In fact, many of the bodies picked up in the river and classed as found drowned find their way into the waters with thc assist ance of thc dock tramps, and many a foul and violent deed takes placo on the piers that uu living eye sees except tho actors in thc tragedy. A Hhout for help by thc half-drunken victim, who realizes his danger when too late, with none near to help, .1 few stun ning blows from the weapons used by the tramps, a body quietly dropped into the river, to he fished out several days or weeks afterward, weeping friends at thc Morgue and a funeral to Cavalry or Greenwood-that is tho whole story, and it is another case of accidental drowniug. Hut this article does not deal with these characters, but rather with people who havo houses and yet sleep out of doors. Tho roof-tons of many tenement houses, particularly in thc crowded quar ters, where thc old and wretched class of houses have been erected, are by far the most pleasant part of thoso places of abode iu thc warm weather. During the hot .Summer nights tho dingy little cribs in thc houses, called rooms, uro not en viable places, aud when the mercury goes beyond SO a stampede is mado for the roof. The Slur commissioner wandered up through tlic scuttles of several great ten ement ho.uses ut thc risk of being taken for an intruder, if nut a thief, and took u bird's-eye view of the roofs. Whole families wcro lound camping out, totally regardless of inc ?tray burglars who might bc at work on their rooms below. The necessity for having high fenco rail ijgs dividiug the roofs of adjoining bouses is readily seen, for, even with such provisions, the fannies fight like tho historical cats of Kilkenny. In Cherry street are many tenement houses, and tho true population of them will probably bo never Known. lu Dou ble Alley, which mainly consists of Nos, 30 aud 08 CL>rry street, it is said no less than 15G families reside, and, as most ol tho families are prolific, GOO souls would be a fair estimate of the number win; live within these walls. Duriug the hot nights tho roofs aro al a premium, and, like late passengers ir a street car, tho late arrivals have eitbei tc Stand up or brace themselves ngains tin. chimneys. One enUrpriaing gentleman mad< what ho considered a hit in squatting himself on tho chimney ton, but whei the family down stairs "fired up" for i late supper, he was rudely awakened. Then there is M edlin's Alley, No. 3 Cherry street, aud tho Barracks, Noa. ' and U Mulberry street, are also house whose roof-tops are much sought alter. Some unpleasant surprises are expe rienced sometimes by the occupants o tho roof-tops. Not uufrcqucntly a whole family wil drop gently to alcep under the infiuenc of tho smiling moon und the Summer' night breeze, and a few hours later the will be rudely awakened by a drenchin rain, which cauaea a hasty retreat bclov It is on these occasions that Vennor nu weather prophets generally come in fe Bomo powerful blessings. A poetic! gentleman was discovered ou a roof-to behind a chi m noy last week by a Slam porter. Ho waa in a meditatve mood. "Nico view from here!" remarked th reporter. "Magnificent, lovely, sir. It is, i fact, glorious. I pass days and nigh hero in dreamland, gazing with raptui on thc rising moon, and then again as sets, and sometimes even I await for tl sun in the Eastern horizon to-" "You do, eh," remarked a shrill fema voico from thc scuttle, followed by a d cidcd-looking persou with a broom and cloth around her head. "So thia where you aro when I have bcenbuntir to get your rent. Get out of here. y< good-for-nothing fellow, and go look f a ship." The lady gave the broom a vigoro sweep and the poetic gentleman disa neared down the scuttle at a 2.10 ga The female informed the Slar man th be was a deck hand on a coaster, ai owed her about a month's rent, but s never could land on him before, ns evidently hid behind the chimney on t roof. The cold weather of last week onus the trucks and grocers' wagons, whi stand c.cr night in the street, to bc w patronized. In Washington street, n< Canal, a number of carts arc to bc foin and they are well patronized. "Yes," remarked a night watchman tho locality, "we've lots of custome Every bcd is taken before 10 o'clock, a strangers without recommendations ai admitted." "Well, there's a regular set of aleepc out come here every night, and tl know each other, and when n stran comes along and tries to climb in tl have a habit of throwing out their he which is not agreeable to the stranger he generally mids himself on his b thinking a star struck bim." "What recommendations arc noe by a new boarder?" "Well, he bas no show without a I tie of whisky and some tobacco. If develops a good ham bone or a loa fresh bread, he io taken in, but theso lows aro particular, I tell you, al their victuals, and if lio playa them on tho whisky with benzine or such he is a sooner." "These fellows all seem to snore v I Qood lus"s, eh?" I "Well 1 should say so; there ia chap boards here, and when be turn full you'd just think a whole pout bullfrogs was ngoin' it. I calls him bassoon. Then there is a small < what looks as if he bad no wind a in bim, and he pipes away on a s key." "A musical company I should then?'' "Yea, there aro all sorts among tl from tho basso away up, and when all get ageing, I toll you it's a eau but it takes about a keg of beer tc up the baud." j "Why don't you give a concert ?" "I'm thinking of ?t, und will let you know when it come? otT. It would coat about a dollar for thc baud, and I think I'd aell $5 worth of tickets." The Mar reporter left, feeling con vinced that there were other speculations than bulling or bearing in Wail street. Nrw Vor/: estar. Ti Iden?? Lost Bride. Tho St. Louis papers bring to light a scandal which involves thc name of Nel lie Hazeltine, reigning belle of St. Louis, whose name a year ag^. was mentioned in conuectoin with that of Samuel J. Tilden, it being reported that she was engaged to marry him. Thc gentleman in tho present cn?c is John Amweg, a blonde, with a fair voice, fine eyes, and a good leg. He has held subsidiary positions in Hie Ford Opera Company for some time past, and thia ia probably the first time nia name has appeared prominently in the newspapers. It appears, according to bia story, that three weeks ugo a young lady of i.rcat beauty occupied a front seat at the L brig's Cave Theatre, and seemed only to take an interest In the proceedings when he waa on the stage. She looked at him fixedly and smillingly, bc says, until nt last his attention was drawn to her, and one evening she took tho bou quets from her breast, kissed it, and, by moving it about, pinned Iiis attention to it. Then, with a smile, she placed it under the seat upon which she wnB sitting. As soon as thc curtain dropped Amweg '"istenod to she place and secured the dowers, among which there was a note, and then asked a friend who the lady was. "Miss Nellie Hazeltine," was tho reply. "And who ia she?" "The belle of St. Louis." An interview was arranged, in thc course of which, Amweg says, the lady told him she had received ninety nine offers oi marriage, one of them from an old man in New S ork worth $15,000, 000; that ho was n democrat, (meaning Tilden.) and she was a Democrat, but that she could not marry where she did not love. He says ?ho went on to tell him that he (Amweg) was the only ono who touched her heart. Amweg said that he replied that he had not $5 in thc world, and that ho would just aa soon settle in St. Louis as anywhere. Several notes, ho alleges, passed between them, nud two plio togrnphs, upon the back of one of which was written : "Yours until death us do part. Nollie." Naturally all this good fortune, real or alleged, turned Atnweg's head, und he confided tho matter to two or three dozen friends, besides writing homo to his mother that he was going to get married, sending her one of tho letters which he claims to have received. Of coin so the story spread. Last Monday night Miss Hazeltine and her mother left for the White Sulphur Spring, in Virgin ia, where they now are. At this point Amweg may bo left for a little while and the attention o? thc reader concentrated on Miss llezcllinc's brother aud Mr. bred. Pnramore, who, it was explained "has a right to act in the nremiaes." These two gentlemen hoard tho stories afloat, and concluded that tho proper course to pursue was to punch Amweg's eye, and for this purpose tbnt sweet Bin per was yesterday afternoon beguiled up into Mr. Paramoro'a office on the fourth Uoor ol' tho building on thc southeast corner of Fourth and Pine street/,. Mr. Huzcltino had asked a Mr. Linn to bo present as Amweg's fried, to seo fair play. As soon aa the pitty gathered Mr. Hazeltine asked Mr. Amweg if he had said ho was going to marry his sister. Mr. Amweg replied that that was bia in tention. Mr. Hazeltine then struck Amweg with his fiat, which was returned, and the two parties caught each other by the huir and swung round and round as though practicing a new-fangled german. Mr. Pnramore in the meantime produced a cowhide which he had bought for the occasion, and was wailing for somebody's pants, to set tight so that he could have a little of the pio himself, when ho was collared by Mr. Linn, who remarked that ono ut a time was enough for Amweg. Of course Paramore resented this inter ference, and for a time there was a double shuffle, in which much hair, many collar buttons, aud considerable temper wero lost. When cverbody waa tired of circus they all drew oft" and began to discuss the matter. "You know you must bo mistaken," said Will Hazeltine, "You may be honest in what you believe, but my sister could not have written you any letters. "But I've got tho letters." "Whore?" "Outat my house." Ho was compelled to givo Hazeltiue a written order to search through his trunks, and that young gentleman soon returned, looking very much annoyed, and bring ing two lottera aud two photographs, nil of which wcro promptly confiscated. Tho young lady's friends still de clare that there is some mistake ; that Amweg bad been imposed upon by ono of tho Hazeltine servants, and he waa asked to como out to thc house and see if ho could not identify one of the girls there. On tho way out Hazeltine neked him to describe tho position of the furniture in the parlor, if ho had really been there ; and ho did this very correct ly. At the house Hazeltine summoned one of the the servants, a very pretty laundress, upstairs, and asked Amweg if that was not tho girl he had met. "No." he replied, "It was Miss Nellie Hazel tine that I met-she whose photograph you havo there." No amount of ques tioning, no threats could turu him from his story, and tho idea waa at laat aban doned. The party broko up at tho Hazel tine dooratep. All four of thc gentlemen were pretty badly rumpled up from thc fusa at Paramorc's office, Amweg being especially beaten up about tho head and face, so that ho could not appear upon the stage last night. To day he says he will begin twosuits against Will Hazeltine and Fred. Paramero fer assault with in tent to kill, and the other for civil dam ages. Tlic case is moro than a cause celebre. Amweg belongs to a highly-res pectable Philadelphia family, and his father ia a well-known lawyer there. His brothor holds a very reponsible po sition with thc Pennsylvania Railroad,be ing inspector of brigdes on that line. For three years young Amweg has been on tho stage, having first been connected with Frank Mayo, playing a minor part in "Davy Crockett." Sinco.tben ho has been connected with tiie various Pinaforej Fatinitza, Boccaccio, Billee Taylor, amt j Olivette productions. He is a tenor and I makes up wen on tho stago, having tho i foundation or framo work for a good ?iyBique, which will fill up with time, is folks havo long urged bim to leave tho mimic stage, and it has been against their wishes that ho has continued the business. - Young man, bo happy-hoot, holler, Bkip, gambol and snap your fingors at the nigntmare of a now overcoat for noxt winter. Last Fall a Canadian genius shivered awhile and ihon roflected awhile, and the result was tho purchase of a box of mustard plasters. Those were distri buted around his framo whore they would do tho most good, and while men in beaver overcoats shivered with cold ho was warm and happy in his shirt sleeve*. Ono dollar takes you through a hard winter, and you como out in spring fat.