The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, August 18, 1881, Image 1

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UV TC. B. MURRAY & CO. A ATTV?OCJ^TVT O ^ TTJTTDCT ! A V TMT?'YUAJT \XT?? A Tli ITTQ'T ? t? 1 ?Q1 \7Y^T TTTVf TT VT^TT ___X??^. ii Iiniaceiicee of the Invincible ...Stone ?"li!"-After the Bloody Work ut Fre?er IrlMUurgi _ I /; Hairier in the J'hilaitelphia Times. VVhile nerving on Stonewall Jackson'? tiffi sometimes shared with him the belter of his tent, and it waa my good hrtune to (1? s0 tho night of . batt,? ,f Krcdericksburg, when some little inci otita occurred which though trifling h themselves, were so characteristic of hoGeneral's considerate kindness, that ?erhaps on that account they deserve to c recorded. After tho fight was over, Thc nicht cloud had lowered L .jibcVenifnelMtrssettbotrwttchlii tho >ky, Ve were riding together ucar Hamilton's hros?iiig. ?n tho right of our linc, when L urned to uie and said: "Colonel, a? liiis Im-* been a fatiguing day and you im t bo tired, I think you had better re turn to cump, get your supper and go to Ll for we are likely to have a very busy Nv'to-morrow." The advice was timely i?%nd too good tobe neglected; so with a rXrateful appreciation of its illness I ?banked him for the suggestion and Rrouiptlv turned my horse's head toward Bbc camp which was about a mlle from She Crossing, whereupon ho added, as a Rr.rtiti" injunction : "Bo sure and tell Bim to matte you comfortable in my tent Ro-night and not to wait for me. If Ranted, I shall probably bc at amry hend Ruarters," K Jim was the (Jencral a body servaul Rnd faithful factotum, as much identified Rith him in bi* campaigns, as was tho ?'Old Sorrel'' which his master always Bode in battle, and which, by the way,was Rs little like thc Scriptural war horse do ?cribed in Job as the General himself rc Rembled thc classical representations of Rlars in Hebrew mythology. The servant and "Old Sorrel" being iboiit the paine color-each having the lueof gingerbread without any of its tpiciness-their respective characters sere in a concatenation accordingly, For tliev were equally obedient, patient, lasy-going and reliable ; not given io dc rbus courses nor designing tricks; more Strvicible than showy and, altogether, ai pober sided a pair of subordinates as . TJ Presbyterian elder, with plain tastes ai. J a practical turn, need desire to havi about him. Holli man and horse seeniec to understand their master thoroughly and rarely failed to come up fully to al his requirements. So that when I tok Jim that his master said he must makt mc comfortable for the night, I kuev very well that nothing further need ht urged to impress him with the compre bensivencss of the order, which he'ed bi sure to look upon as limited only by tlx it-sources of thc camp and his owi apacity as a caterer. Consequently, ir lue time, a substantial supper was ser vet o which full justice was done, as I bat aten nothing since daylight, and ROOI hereafter I was asleep on the General' (allot, which appeared to have a cao ut houc capability of accommodation whet lim, "on hospitable thoughts in tait" pro :eedcd, as he said, to "wideu it out t nnke it more fitteu for two." IN rm: TKNT WITH JACKSON. About midnight I wa; awakened by th utrace of the General, who had beeu, n learacd afterwards, at Gen. Lee's head uarters, but I did not ct him know li ad disturbed me, as that would hav rorried him. Lighting a candle an sying aside his great Coat, sword, ?ic ie opened thc draught vii Jic little shee ron stove that warmed the Sibley ten nd seating himself at the table, read ft while in his well-worn Testament ; thc meeting reverently down, bc "bowe limsell in prayer." When through wit us devotions bc drew off his boots, pi n a pair of slippers and quietly iyiti lown by my sido fell fast asleep almost in nediate'y. Hy this time I was too wi? iwake to follow his example. BJ boughts reverting to the terrible scent )f tli?-: preceding day would not be co; rolled, and I could not recall them fro be bloody battle-field close by, whe he dreadful drama had been enacti ind where there were then lying nany thousands of bravo men who "-liad sunk on thc ground o'erpowcred Tho weary to ileep mid thc wounded to die." I thought of tho magnificent Bpectac >f the morniug before, when "the rollii nists" began to rise from tho river rn revealed "the graud Army of thc Pot nae," with its hundred and twenty-li bousaud mon, superbly armed ai ?quipped, as it deployed, column aft KColumn, on tho open plain beforo us, " ll llic porup ami prido and circumstan >f war"-one of tho grandest sights cv ielield on tho Continent. I thought be splendid advance of its triple Hues battle, marching with the precision regulars on dress parade anti preservi thou alignment perfectly along our frc as far as thc eye could reach, until co mg within point-blank range of our \ ?dion, when-with three bundi cannon roaring around them aud thc ulled with thc merciless missiles of dei -they so gallantly rushed to the chai on the right baud and on the left, and wi so remorselessly repulsed by the cona trated ?re of the Confederates, which si oem reeling back beyond the river rc io reform their shattered ran ks for a fri assault while the intervening groui covered with their killed and wound was so tom up by eliot and shell tl it looked in places as if it had bt Ploughed. I thought of young Pelhai daring feat-how dashing forward into the open field upon the Fedoral fla he so raked tho advancing linea with enolading fire from two pieces of horse artillery as to compel them to pai aud not only to confront him with who e division of infantry, thrown i [crochet at rieht ?noU ?Uh their m lines of balli?, but "likewise, to cone irate upon him thc fire of four batter ocsjde the heavy guns ou Staff "e^nts ; and how, notwithstand jiose combined attacks, the boy artill J'ts mau tamed tho unequal duel for in "inn an hour, and until he was recal ny positive orders from his perilous sition Well might Gen. Lee exclain " to Jackson in regard to Pclhn Prowess: It is inspiriting to seo ai gio ious courage in ono so young i L?limii? . ?*??on ?ay of him, as he i ? mc that dev : "He's thc best artille or his ago I ever saw." I thought "iei furious assaults made early in ? tornoon upon our right, when au under cover of a terrible can noni f?ree line? of battle advanced to mi. Po Pre,(>eeded by clouds of si Wisher" omi r... i i i . Rp? pTi-.-"Rviioui-u uv len nat Cr. .i . guns uPun lheir flanks k W i y hr(lVo through a portion of g.? nfederato lino, forcing two of A, t"HI ? brigades to fall bael- <>n their - win i nml of 11,0 temporary confu? ki J' ru-S,?i,sei1 thereby, for fear huik should be turned and our posi linn "\ rever"?S of how grandly W B.i hlltwa? fated to bo his Inst Paru staunch old soldier JI lost o^Cnm,? t0,the rescue, regaining ?nd o? i 1 ?nd Establishing our I Pellod i?W th? Feilerals were finally c rellC(i 10 safety in flight, whi 0, cuuisier und grape made fearful havoc among the fugitive,,. I thought, too, of the last desperate efforts hot were made in the eveuiug upon our eft, as described to mo by those who ?aw them when the enemy HO insanely a?. Baulted Lees position on Marye's ??l which was impregnable and where so" many gallant men were cruelly sacrificed in vain attempts to achieve an impossibili STONEWAl.l.'ij 01)1) U A BITS. Tims the principal event? of thc mo mentous day of successive excitements passed in review before mo in the order ol their occurrence, like thc pictures of a moving panorama, with ull the horrible details of a battlefield, so that, of course there was no more sleep for me that night' Hut this was not the case with the (Jou erai by my side, who was more fort?nate I wiu glad to see, in securing for himself" Hie benefit of "tired nature's sweet re storer," which I knew bc greatlv needed Jackson, however, had the happy facul ty of sleeping when he wanted to do HO, and of taking naps under circumstances that certainly, were not calculated to lull tho senses in oblivion. For not only have I frequently seen him nodding bi llie camp-fire, with his staff laughing and talking around him, and sleeping in tho saddle amid the dust, confusion and dis comforts of a rr .rch, but, likewise, on moro than one occasion, when under fire as was notably the case at Hilltown iii May, 1802, when I made a pencil sketch of him as he reclined on the ground against a Irce in the rear of a battery not more than thirty fe?t from thc guns, and was slumbering as placidly as an infant in his mother's arms, while thc cannon were firing rapidly, and their reports were as loud as "the live thunder" it self. Hut to resume the thread of my narra tive. It was about 2 o'clock when the General awakened, ami he did so sud denly, as if by his own volition, at the expiration of thc time he had previously allotted for his nap. Ho got up carefully making as little noise as possible, for he evidently thought I was still asleep-an impression oti his part which I did not think proper to correct. Relighting the candle he began to write at the table, which stood near the foot of the bed and in a position that en abled meas he sat by it to study his hand some profile, to which, by the way, none of his pictures do justice. After being thus engaged for some little time he turned toward mc, and seeing that thc light of the caudle nhoue ot my face he softly arose from the opposite side of the tent, which he carefully adjusted on the table between the candle and myself, so as to shield my eyes completely from the light. It was a little thing, indeed, but at the same time it was sufficient lc indicate to inc the thoughtful goodness of that great heart of his, which was a* bold as a lion's and as gentle as a lamb's, JACKSON AND OREl.ti. While I laid there looking at him through my half-closed eyelids I heard some one gallop up to our quarters and inquire of the orderly if the General was in and presently au aide of Gen. Maxcj Gregg's was ushered into the tent, whe came with a verbal message ?rom his dy ing chief. "General," said he,"Geu.Gregg has seo me tc bay that he will be glad to see you before he leaves ua. We fear that ht will uot live until morninguud he wishes to tell you that he regrets having sen you that note he did day before yesterday as he has since discovered that you wen right and he mistaken.'1 "Boor fellow!" exclatued thc Gen eral in a tone of deepest feelinj "I feared his wo1.nd was mortal bu did not think the end so near. Giv< my love to bim and say that I -.viii sci him as soon as I can get th?re. Where upon the yuug young offctr took hi leave, ana the General, accompanyinj him outside gave orders for Jim to uaddl the "Old Sorrel" for him at once. Whei he re entered the tent I took occasion ti Bpeak to him to let him kuoi I was awake, and after some littlo con versation about Gregg, whom he referre toin emphatic terms of praise, affectio and regret, I asked him what was hi idea of the situation at the front an whether ho thought the attack would b renewed. "Yes," said ho, "and I thiuk upo our right ; so 1 have given orders t strengthen our position there by et trenching. Burnside has doubtless di: covered hy this time that it's useless fe him to make any further attempts o:i th left and centre of our line, and that hi only chance for effecting auything wi] be to concentrated his force upon on right near Hamilton's Crossing, makin a feint in thc direction of his last assual near Fredericksburg. But, Colonel," h added, as he drew on his boot, "we'll L ready for him, and, with God's help, we' gain another victory." MASTKIt AN1? MAN. When he went out to moimi his hon Lhere was a somewhat amusing colloqu between himself, and Jim, which, thoug characteristic of master and man, show? how tho latter failed for once in obed euee to orders and the former, likevvu in enforcing his own command. Jir it seems, had put tho saddle on the wron horso, which caused tho General, as h discovered it, to nsk him : "Why, what does this mean ? Dian t , rid you woul to saddle the "Old Ho rel?" "Yes, sir, you did, saul Jim. "Then why have brought me th inimal?" was the next inquiry. "Well, sir, I tell you," said Jil 'You see, sir, when you come back la light it was most midnight and tho O sorrel' wns that dead tired 'cause you jecn a riding of him all day long tb I sort o' premised lum sume real Jeio . ihould be" rid agin, ?ir. Thario', sir, i lone fotch tho young sorrel for you tb timo, air." . Ilf "But Jim," replied the (.encrai, l i yaya prefer to ride the'Old Morrel cattle." " . , T;, "I know that, sir," responded J ti 'and if there's gwine to bo another bat ! tell you what I do. Goon as I hear tl irstgun go bang I'll fotch tho'Ole bo .el* down to the front for you, sirfj at hen, you see, sir, he'll be fresh, sir. That assurance seemed to satisfy t Jeneral, as he rodo off without furtli ?emonstrancc. Whereupon, calling J uto the. tent, I asked him what it w Tis master wa* saying about another DJ le, and his reply showed that he was io means deficient in capacity, bo aid he, "the General, slr, be th,in i_in l a another battle bei naybe this morning. But, sir 1 do iclicvc it-for it stands to reason, t hat the powerful lickin* wc done gi ho Yankees yisterday isagwineto f em a good long while Leastwise tl, von'twant any mo' dom s o that s o day. No, sir-ee, they'? top smart hnt-them thar Yankees is sir. Jim was right in bis prognosticate br though "the morning disclosed .'ederals still drawn up upon tho pb n full array, and their commander, U lurnside, was anxious to renew tim ? ?agement, he received no.encourager o do so, it is said, from either his ollie or men, and the following morning pass ed without any demonstration, except some artillery practico at long range and a continual skirmishing of sharpshooters until a temporary truce was granted to enable the Federals to relieve their wounded ou the field, mnnv of whom had been lying for twcuty-fo'ur hours on thc freezing ground where thev had fal len, and some poor f'-.'.lows for two days and nights, unattended from thc timo that they had been (stricken down in the primary ak bluish i tig of thc day before thc mci' onble ' attic of December 13, which c'jg.d ;hc compaign of 1802. THE MltOWIMJ COTTON. Condition o? the Crop Ht Uio Knd or Joly, CHARLESTON, August i?, 1S81. To the President and Directors Charleston Ej chantje : GENTLEMEN-Your committee beg leave to rep"-t ar follows, based on fifty three replies from twenty-seven counties : The weather for the month of July is general!;- reported as unfavorable on ac count ol thc continued dry and excess ively hot weather, causing rust and shed ding in various sections. (Jue reports more favorable, four thc same as last year, fjrty-eight unfavorable to very un favorable. No lauds arc reported as abandoned. Thc crop is seriously injured by drought ; plant small aud L liing badly. Two counties report injury from lice. Thc average estimate as to outturn of rop is from one-fourth to one-third less than bust year. Picking will be general lrom 20th August to 1st September. A. NORDEN, lt. D. M?HE, E. C. WILLIAMS, E. WILLIS, Committee. Uli: NORFOLK KXCI1ANUE. NORFOLK, August 9.-The Cotton Exchange makes the foliowiug report of the condition of the crop, based on sev enty replies from thirty-six counties in North Carolina aud Virginia, of an average date of July 30 : Thirty-five re plies show favorable weather, thirty-five unfavorable, twelve show more favorable weather than last year, fourteen same aa last year, aud forty-four less favorable th in last year. Fifiy-uine replies show that thc plant is foruiiug, blooming and bolling well and eleven uot well. Forty five replies show tho condition of the crop good and twenty-five poor. Thirty nine replies shows the condition of thc crop not so good as last year, and ?lever better than last year. " The average ol replies shows the condition of the crop 9 35-1?0 lower than last year. Some few replies indicate that picking will begir by August 2?. The average of report! shows that picking will have begun gcu erally by September 10th to 15th. Th< tenor of reporta indicates that the planl is small, caused by the drought, whicl was general and severe to July 2oth Since that time rains have been abun dant. They further show that mud damage can be corrected by a favorabh season in August. Accounts of lico an more frequent and are reported frort eleven counties. Labor in Borne section is so scarce as to retard the cultivation o crop3. THE MOBILE EXCHANGE. MOBILE, August 9.-The following i thc Mobile Cotton Exchange report fo July : Alabama.-Thirty seven counties sem sixty-two replies. Tho weather for Jul; is reported as favorable for the growti and development of the crop in seven teen counties, as unfavorable in twent counties, and as compared with last yea equally as favorable to more favorable i niueteen counties. The plant is reporte as forming, blooming auu bolling well i twenty-eight counties, and not well ii nine couuties. The present condition c the crop is reported fair to good i twenty-eight couuties and poor in nib counties, and as compared with la3t yea good to better iu the moat productiv counti! , and not so good in small uplan counties on account o? drought. Piel lng will bo general from August loth t September 14th, according to location c counties. Worms in amall numbers ai reported in most of the lowland countici but there are no damages therefrom s yet. , Mississippi.-Forty-nine counties sou twenty-nine replies. The weather di ring July is reported aa having bee favor." ble in ten counties, and as con pared with last year equally aa favorab to more favorable iu eleven counties an less favorable in eight counties. Tl plant is forming, blooming and bollir: wei!, there being only ono report lo tl contrary. Tho present condition of tb crop is fair to good. Tho plant, hov ever, is small in tue bill counties, and i compared with last year is as good much better in twelve counties, aud n as good in seven counties. Picking wi become general from August 15tb September 1st. The committeo begs to report that tl most genera', complaint from correspo dents in both States has been drougl but since tho date of their letters got rains have fallen over nearly the who of our district, doing much good. THE MEMPHIS EXCHANGE. MUMPHIS, August 0.-The crop i pert of thc Memphis Cotton Exchanj comprising the districts of North Mi sissippi, North Arkansas aud West Tc nesaee, for tho month of July, embrac thirty-two responses. Seventeen repc thc weather as favorable and aixty-fi unfavorable on account of excossi drought. Compared with 1880 aixte report the weather moro favorable ai sixty-six less favorable. Five report t plant forming, blooming and holli well, and thirty-two not well. No repc from others on this feature was receivf Twentv-five report the crop in nood Cu dition,' nineteen moderately good a thirty-eight poor. Thirteen report it better condition than last year, ten abc tho same and fifty-uine not so go< Picking will become general from A gust 18 to September 5, average di September 1. There is general co plaint of long continued drought tl has prevailed throughout this entire d trict during the month of July, whi has retarded the growth of the plant n caused its fruit to mature more rapid Eleven report the plant shedding slig Iv, and thirty report it shedding serio ly.' Five, four in Misssissippi and c in Arkansas, report the appearance worms, but no damogo bas been done. - Tho Louisville Couria-Journal I been informed by Senator Beck that has received letters from moro than li of thc members of thc Legislature that State, assuring him of their supp for re-election to tho United States S atc. - Old Irish women at Connemara, tho West of Ireland, are permitted cather thc wool scratched ofT tho slice backs on the stones, hedges and brush their pastures. This wool is spun i knit into stockings, which sell for twe and a half cents a pair. A single per often knits 200 pairs a season, and income in ..no of a good deal of ?mr tanco to these poor pastures. PENITENTIARY SHOEMAKING, Sixty Convicta at Work. From our Columbia Reporter. CULUMUIA, August 4. Six months ugo tho News ana Courier drew attention to tho offer of Mr. A. C. Dibert, of Trenton, N. J., to employ as many convicts ns he could procuro for tbe purpose of establishing a shoo manu factory within tho walls of tho Peniten tiary, aud on two occasions asked that the reason of thu Loard of directors for declining tho liberal offer ho made bo stated for thc information of tho public, or that the said proposition bo', enter tained. In May last, at the meeting of tho board, a coutract was effected with Mr. Dibert, iiereby he decured ono hundred convicts for a term of five years begin ning on the ist of September ensuing, at the rate of 50 cents per day for adult males and 37 cents for women and boys under sixteen years of age. Immediately upon securing thc labor, Mr. Dibert, who has had a large experi ence in shoe manufacturing with convicts iu New Jcrsev, ordered the necessary machinery and prepared to begin opera tions with as many hands as ho could ob tain before September 1st at tho rate agreed upon for tho term beginning at that time. Much delay was experienced in filling his orders, ilse tho manufac tory woutd havo been working loug ago but at last, with most of tho machinery in position, he is now working willi about sixty hands, and is fast converting thc raw laborers into skilled operators on machinery. I paid a visit to thc factory to day anti found nearly sixty hands employed ant all but a lew of the many machine: needed at work. The building used is ir the Penitentiary yard, and was complet ed a few months ago by the Penitentiary authorities with the expectation of em ploying it for a purpose similar to tba now effected. It is substantially built o brick, is 135 feet long by 50 feet broat and contains three stories, thc second o which is occupied by tho manufactor proper and half of tho third as a stor room for leather. The second story cai fully accommodate one hundred opern tives and is spacious aud ventilated b; thirty-four large windows. Thc full complement of one liundre hands will bo at work by thc 1st Sep tomber, and Mr. Dibert is anxious t treble thc number should the State dc cide to keep tho convicts within the wall of the Penitentiary. The building ca easily accommodate that number. Thc water power by which tho mu chiuery is worked is furnished by th canal, and is carried to tho building by wire rope 207 feet long. The policing of the establishment done by tho regular guards of the Pen tentiary, whose officials have cntii charge of the discipline of thc convict The contractor simply furnishes the thc leather and provides instructors i initiate them into the work. The reg? lar working hours are from 7 to 12 r and from 1 to 6 p. m. Tho work is a light, consisting chiefly of the guidam otmachincry, aud the number employe are proving themselves fair workers. The processes through which tl leather passes before it emerges a boot shoo are many and curious, and travel ing thc great room one sees a pedal co ering go through the following process evolution : li Thc raw material of leather begi its journey. 2. It reaches thc "cutters," who c the uppers by hand, using zinc patten 3. It is put in a pattjnt "boot brak and "broken." 4. Next it is put on a "crimpii block" and "crimped." These process smooth and mould thc uppers into shar. 5. The upper goes to the "fitti room." where it is first closed, bei pasted in by other hands and then stitc ed iu with silk by How and Singer r.jW?: machines. This department is iccupi by women. G. Tho upper is then passed to t "stock room" solo leather departinei where a large roller weighing 3,ti pounds rolls or presses tho hides soles entire,' without their being first c 7. The sole leather then goes to "Burlingame sole die," and is rapidly c into numerous styles of soles. 8. Then a "channeling machit grooves thc sole and tums up tho "chi nels." 9. Thc "slips" and "shanks" are tli nailed on by hand. They form a bri or filling to the sole. 10. Next a "sole moulding machit shapes thc sole for wearing. 11. It is now ready tojoin theuppen the "lasting department," where tho sc are put on by baud. 12. The soles are riveted by the "D ham KivettingMachine," which is aw der of mechanism. Its capacity is eig pair per hour. 13. The shoe is carried to a "Gilm Leveller, where thc bottoms aro beve and the shoes arc ready for the "beeb 14. Tho placing of heels is done hand. 15. It goes next to a "card-breast machine," where tho heels are breas or shaved down on the front side. 16. Tho heel is Bhaved next bj "K'ing & Von Noehm's Machir which has a capacitiy of 1,400. pal day. 17. The shoe now reaches "the TJ Trimming Machine," whero thc edge the soles arc trimmed or pared. The pacity is one and a half pair per min 18. Next to "the Union Kdgo Setl Machine" where the edges of tho are burnished or "set," capacity pairs per day. Heat is furnished DurnisV.ing by a little machino wi makes its own gas. 19. Tho bottom is next "stoned' Band-papered by a "Carver Cotton onndpii|>uriilg iuaChlUO. 20. The heel is sandpapered by hi 21. The shoo now goes to tho "fin ing team," where the bottom ia caret Band-papered by hand, and a wash c posed of chemical ingredients applic 22. Tho shoe is then dried, bla< and burnished by band, the "top cl nel" put on, and thc uppers got on finishing touches. 23. Then at last to tho packing partment, is lined, tied up and pl ready for shipment. In three weeks there will bo a "i Bowing machine" to sew soles on at rato of GOO pair a day, aud also a hoe machine to "heel" the Bhoes, whit now dono by hand. In addition to number, there aro now working small rolling machine, a stripping chine, a leather splitting machin "?* cuntOF-skiver " ? *o!e beveling chine, and a number of others. Thc tory with ita latest impioved machi is as well equipped as auy in the Ul States. It is now tho only shoe in factory of consequence south of I mond and outside of Kentucky. Thc capi'al invested is $51 and the expected production GOO pi boots and shoes a day, of at least varieties and s?yles, ranging fron fino calfskin ' ^ota to the beat lire Thc consumption of leather will bo 120 hides a day. The present BI comes from New York, Ph i I adc and Boston, but Mr, Dibcrt lia? written to a number of tannera in this and ad joining States for information as to the quality manufactured, and hopes to be able to secure tho necessary supply nt home. If so it will stimulate tho State tanneries considerably, and theso will find a home market for their goods which arc now sent North to be finished. The title and imprint of thc eetablish i mani will be "Tho Palmetto Shoe Manu I factory," and the market for his goods : Mr. J ii heit expect? to find in tho South. He will keep two salesuion LL the rcsd in this and ucighboriug States. Mr. Dibert has given up his busiuess in New Jersey and will permanently settle hi? | family here in September. Ile has ! brought or will bring seveu skilled j ma : ter-woi knien aud their families, all good Democrats, as ho Boys. Hero is j capital and immigration at once, i Finally Mr. Dibcrt thiuks that tho j laborers furnished him compare favora ! bly in point of health and physique with any in tho other prisons ho }ias knowu, and he expects to carry his enterprise to I a successful end. It ?B u good beginning, ! and must lead to the establishment of ? other manufactures. : Did the Abolition of Slavery Decrease i tho Wealth of tho State! ! In au issue of your paper Borne lou \ dayB ago appeared an article under the [ above heading. The following statistics j will throw some light upon tho sub- I joel and may be interesting to those inclined to think upon tho .subject or to pursue tho investigation further, from the standpoint hero presented. No well-informed reader or observer , will, at this period of tho world's pro- , gress, deny for a moment that tho most j prosperous countries aro thono in which the soil is secured by and divided among tho largest number of persous. The vast recuperative powers of France are in a great part due to the magnificent re sult of her great revolution, which, sweep ing away the feudal system, left her a nation of freeholders-a State founded j on the most conservative elements to be found in human civilization-a free peo- ! plc living in freo homesteads. Pauper ism is a'trivial evil in France, as compar ed willi tho course under which Great Britain labors. The land monopoly and continued absorption existing there is a frightful source and principal cause of thc necessities which make tho poor rates so grievous a burden. Nearly $00,000, 000 annually is what tho British people pay for the Bupport of their paupers. An examination of the conditions pre vailing throughout the South boforo emancipation of tho slaves will show as marked a tendency, area and conditions being considered, to the absorption of the land by a limited class of persons ns hns for more than a century been the especial bane of Great Britain. In 18G0 Tennessee contained 82,308 farms. In 1 1870, just five years after the surrrender I of the Confederate armies, the State con- i tained 118,141 farms, an increase in the number of farms of 35,773 in five years j after slavery was abolished ; nor were the conditions under which this increase was made at all advantageous. In every one of the States of Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Texas and Virginia, the census of 1870 shows a marked increase in the number of farms over that exhibited by the census of 18C0, tho increase in none of theBO States being much less than 10,000 farms. Tho census of 1870 shows one subdivision that is not found in that of 1860. This is that of farms under throe acres without doubt market gardens, in the main located near large seaports and large towns of the South, and devoted to tho raising of vegetables and fruits. The t largest increase of farms ?B in the smaller division, there being in the States named, including Tennessee, a total of 1 114,574 farms under 20 acres in extent, ' against 02,410 additional farms between j twenty and fifty acres in extent. Again, j there is a total increase of 200,000 farms i under fifty acres each, against an in- ! crease of but 14,532 of between fifty and I one hundred each. A partial exhibit of 1S74-5 in thc State of Georgia, doubtless now the wealthiest aud most prosperous of tho Southern States, Bhowa in forty-eight of tho more populous counties, out of 138 in that State, that the changes indicated by Northern papers, as sure to result from free lnbor have become rapidity manifest. The following summary is in teresting : Acres in corn, 059,880 ; wheat, 125,537; dover, 2,370; cotton, 549,390 ; tobaeco, 542; gardens, 5,124; total. 1,342,956 acres. The number of hired ? hands was .stated at this timo at 12,920, j evidently showing that there was a con- | siderable number of white persons be- j longing to tho land-owning class who work on the soil-a habit considered i before the war as unbecoming them. I The number of acreB of rented land was I given at 21,110, and of the hands work ing on shares 19,024-making a total working force of wage and share labor ers in thc counties embraced, of 31,950 In the census of 1800, or those preced ing, no figures appear to wages paid for farm labor. Attention has been called to these few scattered items simply to illustrate the growth of free labor and its concomitant advantages, where tho ownership of the soil is easily accessible to those who must work on it.-Nashville American. Romance lu Beal Life. Some time ngo a young woman resid ing on Munjoy wa? beloved by a young and thrifty machinist, and he soon found favor io her eyes. It was not long be fore they woro engaged to be married. After a whilo he obtained a position in Boston, and soon after he was gone another young man in this city attempted to make love to tile fair one of Tilunjoy, but his ad vanees were not received with favor. He succeeded, however, in convincing the parents that he was just the man for their daughter to marry. But she re mained firm in her first love, and all arguments and entreaties having been used in vain they tried force and looked the young woman in her room and pro posed to keep her there until she consen ted to marry tho man they had chosen for her. But love laughs at locksmiths, and sho finally succeeded in making her escape. She liad r. friend who resided in a hotel, and lo her sho went for pro tection. There she remained concealed uutil yesterday. About noon tho irato mother, who had heard of her daughter's whereabouts, rudely entered tho dining hali and demanded of tho lady that she produce her daughter. It was denied ?he was there, bot the angry parent, after using much bandi and unladylike lan guage, departed, saying that Hh? would get au officer anil have thc houso searched. Tho daughter dindn't linger there any unnecessary period of time, but secluded herself in another place until last evening, when abo took tho boat for Boston, having boen bidden there by her lover.-Portland (Mr.) Ar gus. - Tbo toa form no.ir Summerville. 8. C., is said to bo doing well in spite of tko drought. THE 1*0011 MAN'S PLAISTEIt. Suntu Strung A remuent s lu Fnvor of t lie Men L\irres?>ondenee of the Sews and Courier. ADUEVILLE, August 8. ? crave u .small space in your coliiums ; to review the objections to tho Lion law : ns presented by the fanners in council at Cirecn'ville and reported by your corros . pondent on July 27. I propose to writo : a few short articles ou the following j points introduced by them on that occa sion, and perhaps on some collattoral ! subj ccts : j 1st. Does the great number of lieus tiled or the vast amount secured by them prove tho necessity of tho law, or does it ' prove ?U worthlessness as a moans of . credit. I 2d. Is it true that merchants charge 1 such ruinous profits on advances under the law as. is stated, aud if so would ibo repeal of the law remedy it ? ?ld. ls it moro profitable to tho labor ing man, or to his employer to work for wages, than to rent thc lund and till his ? own farm. .Uh. Does the law encourage extrava j gance and idleness, or does it promoto j economy and industry. ! 5th. Are the laboring people doing better iu States whero there is no lien law than they are herc'' I shall I endeavor to confine myself in tho present j nrticlo solely to tho first proposition, and hereafter to tako up each of tho succcod ? ing questions and treat them separately and distinctly. What more conclusive evidence could be produced to show tho necessity and popularity of tho lien law than the fact that over 07,000 small farmers avail themselves of its use'.' No plainer de monstration of its importance could bo made than thc fact that such a vast mul titude is fed and clothed under its protec tion. To make a reasonable estimate of how many ure dependent on it for their daily support would bo to allow seven Eiersons to each lien, or nearly 500,000 lumnn beings, lt is no light matter to ruin and at one fell swoop to destroy thc credit of such a large number of small farmers. It would be a very unjust measure to deprive auy set of men of their credit, but it would not only bc an unjust but u most cruel measure to rob at least one-half of thc inhabitants of thc State of their credit aud means of sup port, and thereby plunge them into tho lowest depths of destitution and make paupers of a half million people, who arc now living comfortably and content edly, suppoiting themselves and their loved oncB, and doing injury to no ono. and who arc the best tenauts the world over produced, paying from 20 to 30 per cent, annually on tho land they cultivate without fail and without a murmur of complaint. Such are thc peoplo that would be oppressed by tho repeal of this law, a people willing to make any sacri fice of limo or convenience to favor or gratify-< their landlords or their employ ers. Should they not bo pardoned if they do buy a little too much sugar and cofl'eee or other luxuries, or if they bhould pay a little high for their whistle? Would it not be a dark and gloomy day if theso people, driven to desperation by the sufferings of their families, should commit robberies and turn out to bc a roving multitude of outlaws, spreading devastation throughout tho country, now peaceful and prosperous, making the horrors of thc grave more desirable than the calamities of the living? Neither nenitentaries, bloodshed nor gibbets will have any terrors to restrain men who feel they can sutler no greater tortures than those they endure from hunger and des titution in their families, when they see how ruthlessly and needlessly they nro oppressed by those who should know and do better. It would be a far less cruel experiment to confiscate their property for the usc of thc rich than to deprive them of their credit for the same pur pose, when thc council of conscript agri culturists shall havo forced thc small farmers to work for wages or starve, or, as the reverend Georgia farmer expresses it, "to live oil hard pan and ash cake," mostly hard pan. What will be the re sult they so much desire? They answer cheaper and more oppressed laborers. If that be thc result, no mode of exodus or migration will bo BO severe or trying as to retain thc "bono and sinew" in the land thnt forces them to stnrvc or to go into bondage. If there were only a few persons de pending on thc law for employment and support then it would matter but little what was dono in tho case, but do not burn thc bridgo until thc great masses arc over or havo some other opportunity of crossing. Provide a means of escape before you remove tho very mud sills of their safety. The same 500,000 mouths will be lo feed, and bodies to clothe, do what you will, and they will remain so until there is some other material used in their construction. The number of liens taken and tho amount secured by them would iudicate that a lien on thc crop is a good security, and one that is within the reach of every honest, sober and industrious tiller of tho soil. It is the least expensive of any security that can bc given ; a fee of fif teen cents makes it tue first claim on tho property secured by it, while the collec tion of a claim under tho lien law costs less than any other mode of collecting a debt by law. It is the least oppressive of any security that can be given, and only lasts for a season, lt requires promptness in settlements, and iuduces men to be methodic and punctual in pay ing their debts and in complying with their contracts. It is a conceded fact that there is less money lost on lien cus tomers than on any others, while thc lien customer is always first to pr-.y and fre quently anticipates thc matuuty of his bill. If availability and utility are to be Li ken into consideration, then it is the only reliable anti universal security that can bo given by a largo number of farmers that will enable them to get every nec essary assistance in cultivating or gath ering their crops, while it gives tho ad vancer a lively interest in thctr success. I close this first article by asserting that the number of liens given and amount secured by them fully proves tho great necessity of tho law to tho masses of our improvident people, and in some future articles I expect to show that tho law is not thc cause of their improvidence, and that its abuse docs not justify its repeal. GRACCHUS. - Senator Edmunds, in declining a ro cnest to give an address at a county fair, Maya : "I bogan this Spring with a reso lution to practico total abstinence from ! public -j.. .!....,..,, etc, lu?a ?u III mer, aim I havo stuck so far. I should other wiso havo boen glad to go."' This is tho only kind of total abstinence practiced by tho Senator, who, though but 62 years of ago, looks like Hen Hill's grandfather. - Rolling down a long urticlo In tho Hi raid, tho Italtimoro American HIIOWS that tho New York ferries, twenty-one in number, carry an avorugo of 2H7.0O0 passengers daily or 105,755,000 a year, equal to moro than double tho popula tion of the United States. They pay tho j city $1M>,000 a year, which, being iii por por cont, of their gross earning!!, shows thoir annual rocoipts to be $1,200,1)00. What a Northcru >Voo*an Thinks of "Southern Womanhood*" F ven unjiiHt condemnation is good for the soul, for it leads to self-examination aud sincero purpose of amendment, and "Helen Campbell," in the Hos*un Herald, Sive? Southern won,cn such food for re cction in an article entitled "Woman hood iii tho South." That lier conclu sions are honest, from her standpoint, csu scarcely bc doubted, but that they arc just, few Southern women will admit. Though she says her knowledge comes from "long watching of many represent? lng the best blood of the ?South," we must perforce conclude thnt she has drawn most of her views from thc super ficial type of woman who most frequents the Bummer resort and idle watering? place, aud not from intimate association with those true wives and muthern who worthily minister at the heme altars of our Sunny South. Such women as she pictures are not confined to any section of country, but North, South, Fast and West may be found lowering the stand ard of womanhood ami thc tune of socie ty through lack of education, purity or strength. However, much that she says, if exaggerated, hus a groundwork of truth, BUtlicieot, at least, to give us sumo I idea how our women may nppear to stranger eyes, especially if those eyes view them through the distorted lights ? of* prejudice "Thc Southern girl of today," "Helen Campbell'' writes, "owes her chief char acteristics to forces set in motion two hundred years ago. Tho delicate hands owe their dimples and baby-like softness to generations of immunity from pet ,onal labur. The tiny feet bavr. small knowl edge of the uses of feel, and falter if j urged to a walk of a mile. The slender j figures are corseted ami made still more i slender by a fashion now happily neni'v unknown at tho North, and from baby- j hood up delicacy, fragility, helplessness ! are taught as the proper expression of womanhood-the only expression that can ensure tho interest or sympathy of manhood. The first duty of every wo man, from childoood on, is to make the most of every personal attraction." This, seems like an echo of some of the idcaH currc:ii about Southern women in the old days when the South was thc seat of opulence, and when thc institu tion of slavery seemed to givo color to tho fancy of utter "immunity from per- ' sonal labor." Yet, even in those luxu rious days, who that has power to .-.peak from intimate knowlcdgo and association, would dare picture the Southern womnn as ouly a whitc-hauded idler? To "Heleu Campbell" no doubt tho picture would arise of a fair and languid crea ture, couched all day in utter useless ness ; her cheeks of "waxy pallor," cooled by thc motion of great'palm fans wielded by wretched slaves; her "tiny feet" exteuded, like pretty toys, on tho cushions of a costly divan. To oyes that watched her in her free plantation life, and in the stately city home, how differ ent thc picture ! " In the first, soo her tho wholesome gude-wifo-with her sunny presence and her bunch of jing ling keys. Up at the dawn of day, bright-eyed and capable, eager to set tho machinery iu working order for a busy day ! Marshalling tho "sewing-women" to their task ; oversecine; tho spinning and weaving of cotton into "plantation cloth;" trotting briskly to the "smoke house" and tho "barn" ; inspecting per sonally thc treasures of her poultry yard ; running in at the cool "springhouse" for a comprehensive survey of dairy affaira. All this, perhaps, before gathering her household about her in thc dining-room for morning prayers, where she sita, facing the hue of cheerlul black faces hy the door, with her own kindred grouped around her, looking, herself, the embodi ment of home peace and calmness and sunshine. And then follow the many interests that absorb the hours of her day ; thc instruction of children, the comforting of the sick and the old, the soothing of weary manhood, the warm outpouring of neighborly sympathies in times of trouble or joy ! What life could bo more womanly and good, moro full of human interests nnd activities, more healthful or moro strong? Nor was her city sister in any way less | worthy in her daily walk. I'erhaps, less personally active, she was a woman of more thorough culture, and ono who queened it in society, with inimitable grace and tact. Graceful accomplish ments (in which, in those days, she far excelled her Northern sister) absorbed much of her time, the training of chil dren and servants, the cultivation of her garden, and, chiefly, the cherishing of that beautiful hospitality and refinement which, in those days, made Southern homes centres of almost ideal beauty and rest, filled up the measure of her days. Nor wero lier charities neglected, as many noble institutions, designed by Southern women, still exist to prove; nor was sho lacking in that rarer chari?y which suffers cot tho left hand to know of the deeds of the right, and which is recorded only on High. When tho even tenor of these gracious lives was broken by the rude baud of War; when her slaves deserted her ; when her ancestral homo was burned ; when sho was left alono in her unsheltered womanhood to face tho insults of bands of irresponsible and wicked men ; when her fair past was blotted with precious blood and her future shrouded in a pall, did her "fra gility," her "helplessness" cause her to succumb ? Nay, rather, did not tho soul of tho Southern woman, like finely tem pered steel, provo as atrong as it was del icate and bright? Did sho not smile in the face of woe, and rise, elastic, in her strength nnd vigor to meet tho strokes of povorty and desolation ? Did she not lay her healing touch on many gaping wounds, and pour her sunny smiles into souls sick unto death? with disappoint ment? Did she not keep a high heart through ali, when even brave mon grew cowardly through misery? These aro the antecedents of tho South ern women bf to-day. Is it from such noble stock that feeble fruit can como? If wo believed it all, we should turn in disgust from the sickening picture "Hel en Campbell" draws : "Their lovo of ap Srobation," she says, "is a passion ; they evour compliments with tho undisguised relish of a child for sugar plums, and thc main-spring of all thought and life is marring? ; marriage early, and mar riage often, if widowed at un early enough dato to be still fascinating." This is the picturo she gives of our school girls, and, ala?, that she has but too many examples on which to found her assertion ! "Paint and powder aro brought into requisition long beforo girl hood is passed, and with tho love of colo? und ibo passion for dress in gen- j oral a set of girls from oven 'tho first I families of Virginia' have a slightly | Howery or shop-girl expression which j they, however, would be the last to re cognize. Thc slender hands are loaded | with rings of varying values ; gold chains, lockets ami every imaginable pos sibility of gilt and tinsel for nair or gen eral ornament mako tho breakfast table in a largo school more suggestive of an evening party than of quiet work, or tho simplicity of genuine girlhood. Fach oue bears with lier an ?m?nense 'slat sun bonnet,' into whose dopths no ray of sun :an reach, ami which helps to preserve ibo waxy pallor dear to the feminine Southern mind. Brilliant coloring, or the least tendency towards embonpoint, are deadly offences against thc unwritten but powerful code under whoso laws all women must cr me." If all this bo true even in some in stances-il our Southern women do ap pear in so wretched light to those whose oyes are not softened, as ours, by love ! and admiration-how rapid must have I been the degradation ol' lue past ten or fifteen years! We do not, caonot admit tho truth of these sweeping assertions, I and yet, in some portions of the article wo are discussing, a certain amount, of ! insight is shown into the feminine South ? ern nature, in its weaker phases, which ' we must reluctantly acknowledge acute \ and even just in pome of its conclusions, j Hear this: "Sweet-voiced,supple,grace ' ful creatures, the most of them, with a : curious self-possession and yet a certain ! timidity and shrinking which gives at: indescribable charin. There is little or I no self-reliance, none of the sturdy qual , tics, the ownership of which is stamped . upon the Northern and especially the Nuw England girl iucfTuceably. To rea son with a Southern girl is a useless nnd hopeless undertaking. Their emotional i nature, strong in any case, is cultivated I to t':? highest pilch. They are full of ! sweet and generous impulses, affectionate j and demonstrative to excess ; passionate j and enjoying their own rapacities for storm, nnd the calm that follows storm. Clinging, dependent, conservative iii thought, so far as they may bc said to think- loving old ways, simply because they are old, and with a wild and pas sionate loyalty to every Southern belief and practice, simply because it ia South ern, you may kuow what typo of women these girls become, and how slow must be the process which undoes the work ot generations." Thus has a Northern woman seen and judged thc women of thc South, and thus does she represent them to the world. It remains with our girls, not by indignant denials and counter assertions, but by thc unanswerable proof of strong and dignified lives, to disprove what she has said.-Sunday Newt. CKOr.S IN SOUTU CAROLINA. Dlnoournglng Outlook-Cotton Promise?, Thrce-Fourtli? or u Crop. COLUMBIA, Augustl?. The following consolidation ot tho re ports to the State Department of Agri culture for the mouin ending August 5th aro bnsed upon 101 replies from 31 counties, only two counties not reporting. Eighty-three correspondents report tho weather unfavorable and eighteen favor able. Tho prospect developed is very rrloumy. COTTON. Tho condition of tho cotton crop has continued lu deciino since our last report, except in some localities where recent rains* have improved it somowhat. The rains have not been general, and only soveu correspondents note an improve ment, twenty-three correspondents re port shedding, several report rust, worms and lice, and that the bolls nre oponing immaturely. Tho average for upper Carolina is 70, middle Carolina 09 and lower Carolina 78, a decline for tho State since July 15th of 9 per cent. CORN. Showers since hist report came too late to benefit tho corn crop generally. In some sections, where late planted and on river or bottom lands, it ba*; been co.-.siderably improved, and in such ?laces a fair yield may be expected. Ipland corn in many sections will bc nearly a failure, owing to thc unprece dented drought. The condition for Up per Carolina is 02, Middle Carolina 41, Lower Carolina 54. A declino for tho State, siuce July 15, of 8 per cent. RICK. Rice has suffered also from tho drought, causing salt in thc rivers. Our correspondents in Colleton County report that the crop hna been ruined on tho Ashepo River from this cause. Upland rice may be improved by favorable sea sons. The condition for upper Carolina is 72, middle Carolina 41, lower Carolina 74. A declino for thc State of 8 per cent. Bince July report. PEArf. Plauters generally have not obtained good Blunda of peas. The weather bas been too dry to piar except in small areas where raiu haa faiien, nnd in some localities they have died out after com ing up. The conditiou in Upper Caro lina 42. Lower Carolina 62. A declino of 8 per cent, eince lust report. SORGHUM, like all the crops, has felt tho effects of tho drought, but snmo coi respondents report tba', it hos stood tho unfavorable s caso, i.-> tciiiurkably welland better than the other crops. Tho condition is for upper South Carolina 72, Middle Caro lina 55, Lower Carolina 62. THE OUTLOOK. Tho present outlook is more unpromis ing than atlast report. Cotton has only H short time iu which to grow fruit that will mature before frost, and without favorable seasons and a late fall it will fall far short of a three-quarter crop. Corn cannot be materially benefited by the most favorable seasons, and will probably not yield much above tho pres ent estimates, a fraction over a half crop. Rico in nome sections hos still timo for improvement, and the yield may be above present estimates. Peas may yet be planted for forage, and this course is ur gently recommended. Our State bat been visited by tho severest drought known iu many years, and our farmer?; feel discour aged, but wo hnvo room for hope, and favorable seasons for tho next few weeks win mateo tho prospects brighter than at pr?sent anticipated. A Virginia Snake Bents a Locomotive. As tho Shenandoah Valley fast ex press entered the milo cut, immediately north of our town, on Tuesday last, tho engineer was horror stricken to seo what he supposed to be thc end of tho rail just ahead of his rushing locomotivo sliding rapidly away from him. His first thought was a.broken rail caught by the pilot, and hs expected and instantaneous shock. Wonderment usurped tho place of fear, when a secoud glance revealed a five foot blHck snake of the species known as "runner," gliding away from him on top of the rail. In thc excitement of thc. moment his hands sought tho throttle, he threw it wido open, nnd tho train bounded forward under thc i. ^uise but the snake maintained its .. ad, al though thc train was running at fully fifty miles per hour, and when tho end ol' the cut was reached and an opportunity afforded to escape.it left tho rail, ran out into an open space, coiled itself up, threw its head into an attitudo of defiance, and died right there. Au examination proved that tho intenso heat of tho rail liad burned it to dcath.--*1/icAaMi*c?/oicH Clarion. ? - A matchless story-One in whit h there are no weddings.