Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY E. B. MUBBAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, JULY 21, ?B81. VOT.TTMT? VtrTT r. t'vr Ihr Anderson InMltijrnccr. IS IT SO I Mit. EDITOR : Practically, the South ?.ni people aro saying, by their system of tanning, that cotton is the money crop tho only money crop. Hence, their en ergies and efforts arc principally concen trated oiOhe production of cotton. If anv crop ia to suffer for the want of proper cultivation, it must uot be cotton. \11 the other crops are side issues, and ,m!v to bo held in subordination to the ( one great object in view, which is the production of the largest cotton crop ! possible. Under this blind mid mean- i inglese system, as production increased, prices decreased, until for thc crop of 1880-81, the largest ever produced, the money value was les? than that of any of the preceding crops for several years, go that the more of cotton the Southern farmer produces, Mic less money he gets. Ami for thc present year 1881-82, judg ing from thc reports through ofliciul sources, tho crop will exceed that of tho last vear by nearly a million of bales, : thus precipitating the catastrophe, at i'iast {or the Piedmont belt, of non- ; remunerative prices for colton, and com- ' pelling the adoption of diversified crops ?ts thc only sensible plan of funning. Exp?rience is a hard master, but usually she is thc only potentate we are willing to obey. Thus necessity is forcing the ? Southern people to be on the look out for other crops more remunerativo thau cot ion. However hard thc lesson to bc learned, wo believe it to bo the last of a aeries of hard lessons, which will cuirai- ] nate in rendering the South the most prosperous and the moat independent people on the face of the earth. Florida is demonstrating that there is moro ; money in orange culture and small fruits \ and vegetables than ibero ever was in i cotton. Under the cotton theory she j languished and Blood still. Under the ' diversified crop theory she is rising up ?ike a giant, and for the next decade will 1 probably show the greatest ratio of in- ! crease of population of any State in the j Union. Louisiana is diversify.ug her | products between sugar and cotton, and | tlio prospects uro that the whole Slate ! will eventually become a great sugar pro- j docing States, thus fastening colton to j the wall in her own natural domain. In portions of tho Piedmont belt some enterprising persons aro demonstrating ' beyond a doubt that there is much more money in the grape culture than in cot- ' ton at present prices. Dr. Marshall, of j Greenville, has twenty acres in grapes on J the slopes of Paris Mountain, and real- i ?zed from about one acre in the town of Greenville about five hundred gallons of j wine, worth from $1.25 to $1.50 per gal '.on. Tho last severe winter killed many j of the viuei, but they have put up luxu- I riant sprouts from the roots, which, though yielding no fruit the present year, ? will in nil probability yield a bountiful I crop the next year. His wines are made j with but little tugar, tonghi not to have ? any), and, thus made, possess only nine ; per eeut. of alcohol. A man's stomach would scarcely take enough to intoxicate, j and the Doctor pronounces the cultiva- ? lion of the grape the great temperance reformer. Man's nature craves a stimu- j laut, und the pure juice of the grape, : unadulterated wilh other substunces, ! affords tho safest and most palatable j bevernge. To our great surprise, the cost of gathering the grapes and expressing the juice is insignificant. If we ure not mistaken, the Doctor said timi two hands in a di.y or two would gather enough grapes and press out ;lic juico to make five hundred gallons. Mr. Gareux, a Swede, came tu Green ville ti few years ago, and bought five acres of worn-out land, on the slope of a hill, about ono and one-half mile."", from towu. He, loo, has a vineyard of about one ncre, from which he lins been real izing from five to Seven hundred dollars from tlie .sale of grapes and wines. Tie vines will commence bearing in about three years after planting, and, with proper care and attention, can be per petuated indefinitely. Mr. Gareux do votes the remainder of his valuable farm of five acres to tho cultivation of flowers and vegetables, for all of which he finds u ready sale in tho city of Greenville. On this small farm Mr. G. lina supported in comfort and a good degree of elegance a family of fourteen children. His i eldest daughter is the saleswoman. Two of his son? are iu business in Atlanta, and thus in one way and another all the children, girls ns well as boys, of suffi cient age, make up their mutual contri- ? button to the general family support. ? The husband and wife set the example of diligence nnd frugality, and the chil [ dren instinctively follow in their foot-j steps. On this small plat of ground Mr. ? G. has erected a neat two story dwelling, | with necessary outhouses. All thc work j of his own hands. Tho very day wc I were nt his farm, during the dry season, . he was hauling water and sprinkling his ; Howers and vegetable- This was in the ^ early part of the day, nd we said lo him, the usual plan wa. . water plants in the evening rather thai, in the morning. ? That is just what I nm doing, said he, i from dawn of day till dark this is my i business. Mr. G. carried us into hie par lor, decorated with pictures and scenes j in thc fatherland, grand and beautiful i Switzerland. With her mountains of j perpetual snow, her smiling valleys, lier j castles, her rivers, bur forests, her flocks and herds, all bespeaking grandeur and beauty. May the Piedmont belt soou be dotted all over with such farms and such farmers. T. H. R. . A g i .lem?n was recounting, in a serious manner, his many misfortunes and losses within thc year, naming the death of his excellent wife among the number. "And just think," ho said, wiping away n falling tear, "only nix weeks before she died she had her teeth ?xed in apple-pie r.rder at a cost of *32, ?nd now that has gone wilh the rest." THE FUTURE OF THE SOUTH, Anil Other kindred Tophi Descanted Upon by JXTerhoii Davis. A htalT correspondent of the Pbilndel- ! gbia Fra?, now traveling through the onth, ha? had a lengthy interview with Jefferson Dav's upon a multitude of top ?cs, from which we make the following excerpts : "What is the material future of tho " South?" asked the corespondent. "That no mar. cac tali. Ii thc South cnn establish a system of tenantry or get immigration to occupy and till the lands, Ibero is no cuesti?n 'but that it luis ii . , great future. Whether t'.ie colored peo- I plo will ever roach that point is a cues- ' lion yet to be settled. Mun is now ni ali Mtrugglo with nature upon these prob- ; , lems. Them is no question but that tho whites ure better od" for thc abolition of j ? shivery, nnd it is an equally patent fact ! that the colored people are not. It i* nn : arithmetical propuehinn easily determin ed that it is more profitable ' to proceed willi freo labor where only the hand employed is to be paid than where the ? whole family is to bo supported to get tho labor of those competent to work, i Then there is also a eaving in capital. , liefere the war when a colored mau died tho owner lost from a thousand to fifteen i hundred dollars. Now he loses nothing except, perhaps, the cost of burial. If : tho colored people shall develop the j proper thrift and get a degree of moral , education to keep pace with any ad- ; i vancement they make they may : become a tenantry which will enable th? ! ; South to rebuild its waste places and become immensely wealthy. Negroes become greatly attached lo localities, . ?ind most of them iove to remain where ! ; they were raised. Almost all of our old servan" are yet on the plantation near Vicksburg. The colored people have ? many good traits ami many of them are ' i religious ; indeed, tho four millions! South when the war began wcro Chris- : tianized from barbarism. In that respect j the South has been a greater practical I missionary than all the missionary socie ties in thc world. I had an old colored man who, for the colored people in our section, was as complete a ruler ns was ever born. Ile was as free from guile and as truthful a man as I ever knew. The federal forces treated the old man with great indignity. He was a very PU- j i perior servnnt anti his quarters where he ? lived were fitted up with taste-some ! people might say luxury. He had ! everything about him for his comfort, und when the soldiers came and looked ! : into bis neat, well-furnished cabin they | asked him who these things belonged to i 'To me,' he answered. They denounced ! < him as untruthful, said he had taken j i those things lo keep for his master, and ! : took them away from him, "Nothing '. I that was ever done to me," said Mr. Davis, "made me so indignant as the i eat m eut of the old colored man." i "War was not necessary to the aboli tion of slavery," continued Mr. Davis, i "Even before tho agitation began al the North, and the menacing acts to the in- i stitution, there was a growing feeling all ! i over the South for its abolition. But the I I Abolitionists at the North, both by pub ! i lication and speech, cemented the South I and crushed the feeling in favor of oman- I cipatton. Slavery could have been blotled out without tho sacrifice of brave < men and without the strain that it . always makes upon established forms of ? government. 1 see il stated that I utter- j | tered the sentiment and endorsed it thal j < 'slavery is the corner-stone of the Con- , i federacy.' That is not my utterance." I "Mr. Tootnbs attributes tho measure of i your cause in a great meatise to your opposition to his plans for the etnanei- ' : pation of slaves to meet objections of; i France and England to recognize you." I ! Mr. Davis laughed outrig ' nt this ! ' statement and said : ; i "I did not kuow that there was any | i feeling between Mr. Toombsand myself, i i As for the proclamation of emancipation, ! j I do not remember to have heard of it j i before in my life. That would have been :i stroke of. policy indeed. No, Mr. | i Toombsand myself never had any differ- ; enees upon that proposition, you may i t rely. The fact isthat the position of Sec- ! retary of State did not fit Mr. Toombs, ! and I appointed him against my judg- j ment. Georgia was entitled to a high place in the cabinet, and I had intended ; to appoint Mr. Tootnbs Secretary of the , Treasury on account of his general recog nized financial ubility. When the South Carolina delegation so strongly urged Memminger foi Secretary of the Treasu ry, I yielded to their recommendatk | and gave Mr. Toombs the portfolio jf State which I had intended for Mr. ; Barnwell cf South Cand?na, one of tho ablest, purest men in the South. Had it ! not been for tho action of tho Soutli I Carolinians in favoring Mr. Memminger j for tho Treasury Toombs would have got j for the Treasury Toombs would have get it. I hardly think any other man's esti mate of my'iirst cabinet will agree with that of General Toomb?. He is wrong about their not having financial stand ing. Mr. Memminger had used it in Europe to our advantage. General Toombs is a man of ability, but the army or State Department was not the place for him. Ho is a fine lawyer and a good j financier. I was attracted to his fl" MI- j oial ability while in tho Senate when he ; was tho equal of any mau there in a dc- ? bate upon financial questions. Ho is an erratic man, nnd not always accurate in : what ho Bays." - Platt has an income of ?30,000 a year, and does not depend on a Senato rial stipend. He gets $10,000 a vear as President of the United States Express \ Company, nnd $10,000 tis President of ; the Southern Central Railway, and S10,- i 000 more as President of several other corporations. Con kling is poor com pared with Platt. His ?vife has money' of her own. - It is a question ol' interest at tho present timo what would be tho effect of. a collision between a comet and tho earth ? Fortunately science has solved the question for us. The planet Jupiter has been singularly involved on moro than one occasion in such a phenomenon, and owing to the very attenuated nature of the comet, not tho slightest effect wss noticeable on tho planet's movements. There is good reason to suppose that oven we on this earth passed through tho tail of the comet of 1801, and the only ob servable effect was a peculiar phospho rescent mist. A brilliant meteoric shower might also take, place on our at mosphere encountering'the substnnco of tho tail. But if we fairly encountered a nucleus of nny considerable mass, tho result would bo far more serious. Thc mass of Donall's comet was esti mated hy M. Faye lo bc one-twenty thousandth of that of the earth. If this amount of matter were dcn?e as water it would mako n globe 500 miles in diam eter. Its impact with tho earth would develop bent enough to melt and vapor izo tho hardest rocks! There is, how ever, about as much probability of such nn occurrence us if one were to shut his eves and fire at raadom in thc air and bring down a solitary bird Hying through space. The Host Temporalice Lecture. Perhaps if the advocates of temperance in strong drink were to avoid intemper ance in language and zealous interfer ence with private rights they could btill have a wide and better field for their apostolate. It occurs to us that thc edi ?tor of the Cincinnati Gazette has hit upon an excellent initial plan, and otlicr journalists arc carrying ou the work to ita legit?mate conclusion. The temper ance cause should begin at home-in tho family circie. lt need not end there. Mr. Richard Smith's idea is that whilo many persons will not, in any event, bo deterred from intoxicating beverages, there are many others who would bo prevailed upon todo so il"they could ho shown that much of tho stuff they pour down their th routs is not only liquid damnation to their souls, but just such HU abomination as they never, iii reason, would put to their lins at all. Chemis try has arrived at such approximate per fection that many liquors aro concocted by poisonous agencies. Wo once heard a liquor dealer, retired from tho trade, declare that, with a few cheap articles, he could manufacture any wino demand ed. Bottling and labelling add to the deception, and it is safe to say that the majority of men consume spurious drinks, alcoholic or malt. It is proposed therefore, that the temperance reformers abate somewhat of their offensive zeal, in word and act, and essay to limit intoxi cation 1 / appeals to good sense and the enligh -iimetit of ignorance. Chemistry that conspires to make drunkards, when ?ibused, can be employed to make sober mon when skillfully used for that pur posc. To this end, wo find in tho (ia Kite, of Cincinnati, some exposures tli?t ure or ought lo be worth much moro than tho thundering denunciations so frequently heard, the result of which is cencrally to leave tho inobriato sullen, Jcliant and disgusted. We arc told, fur example that four-fifths of liquors sold in all cities aro poisons-wine, beer and cider included. French wines are com prehensively adulterated and contain poison. The pro >f of this is, statistically, that although tho win? product of France, between 1870 and 1S80, fell oil' more than (i0 percent, there has been no diminution of the supply and no falling tiffin tho price. Indeed, it is specifically stated that tho importations into this country have largely increased, and ibo less real wine is produced in France, tho more so-called French wine is consumed iii this country. And this adulterated French wino is poisoned, and it poisons all who drink it. People who falk knowingly about French brands and os mnie to be judges would have their eyes ripened if they would apply the test of chemistry to the contents of their favor ite bottles. It is safe to say that four fifths of the Fr"iich wino consumed iii America is p'Ju'terated and poisoned. They arc imitation wines, and all i mita [ion wines are drugged, and all drugged wines destroy tho system, causing sick ness and ultimate death. We have been told that boer is all right. But chemistry tells a different ale. Mr. Smith declares that not u brewer in Cincinnati would dare to print i list of the. ingredients bc uses in manu facturing lager beer, and that remark is ruo of all lager beer breweries. In the English breweries men addicted to beer Irin king, though apparently healthy, il ways die under surgical operations, ind, at thc West many insurance com panies refuso to take risks on copious consumers of this liquid Men who uro iware of this, pay double prices for Ho lemian beer, w hich is under government inspection, and give lager the go-by. Dr. Mott attributes tho prevalence of (idney diseases to excessive beer drink ing ; and another eminent physician is hus reported in the New York ?it?: 'What ! Do you expect mo to give you ny honest opinion of the vast majority of ho boer made nowaday, when several of my very best customers are brewers ? A pretty kettle of hot water I'd get myself in if I did so. You can't expect it. Aro kidney diseases more prevalent than they used to be ? Yes, very much moro. I've no objection to answering that ; but don't use my nnme. Think of my pa tients. They arc worth more lo me than tho publication of mv opiuion aboc beer." It is inferred that aa whisky eau be m a nu fad ti red for fifteen cents a gullon, exclusive of tax, therefore whisky is not adulterated. It is, however, computed that for every quart of pure Bourbon whisky drank, one hundred gallons are fraudulent mid poisonous. Mr. Smith lays: "After whisky leaves thc distil lery and reaches thc mixes, purity ends md adulteration ?egiiiB. There arc lieuses that have reached such per fection in the way of mixing liquors that they can take high wines and turn nut miy quality of liqurr that may be called for. This ia the way brandy, rum. Mo nongahela, Bourbon and oid Robinson County whiskies nre largely produced. They can be turned out of any age or flavor, and a barrel can be taken fresh from the cooper Bhop into the cellar and turned out next day looking ten years old. This is the way that four-fifths of thc whisky, brandy nnd rum consumed at tho bars is furnished. It ;s drugped, and in drugging it is poisoned. Men who make a living adulterating or pois oning liquor lako no thought for the men who suffer from drinking it. They look exclusively to their own pocket9." In something like despair, men who are convinced of these facts nnd revolt against the evil done their stomachs, brains ami souls, lum to nativo wines for consolation. Even there adultera tion prevails, for ibero is not half enough native wine made to supply tho demand. Considering, then, thc amounts of poi ?on not only consumed in various forms of liquid, but prodigiously indulged in, what wonder that diseases of the internal iirgans exist with alarming frequency, and that the human race is threatened with degeneration ! Wo are entirely of thc opinion of our Cincinnati contempo rary that such exposures as those will win moro persons to sobriety than hot rrospeling and furious anathema. Con vinco a man or woman that ho or she is addicted to poisonous dram-drinking, und tho chances are that Ibero will bc reformation and cure. All who persist in the ii ihit, despite tho proof, nre joined to their idols and cannot be saved short of miraculous interposition from Almigh ty God.-Augusta Chronicle. - When Jones' boy was kicked out of ii saloon by Iiis father he remarked that liiere appeared to bo an active temper ance movement on foot. - A Georgia editor says : "Gold ia found in thirty-six counties in thia State, silver in three, copper in thirteen, iron in forty-three, diamonds in twenty-Fix, whiskey ill all the rest of them, and tho last gets away with all the rest." - A lover's pun: "Maggie, dear, if I should attempt to spell Cupid why could I not get beyond tho first syllable?" Maggie .-rave it up, whereupon William said: "Because when I come to cu, nf course I cannot go further." Maggie said site thought that was tho nicest conundrum sho had ever heard. Taxing Ltud Values. Abbeville Medium. Recently a friend sent us a work by Henry George, entitled "Progress und Poverty," for which we return thanks. Mr. George believes that thc government should be supported by taxation of land and not of production. Last week we published au article from a co-respondent of the A ikon Journal and Review ad vancing i.10 snmo view. The laut num ber of the .yurik American Itctku cou tains an article (rom Mr. George on tho same subject. Mr. George is now deliv ering public addresses on thc question. So wc may suppose that this mode of taxation will have full discussion, The recent publications of "One who thinks" show that thc very greatest frauds aro perpetrated without scruplo by our own people in rendering iii their assessments, and the times demand some chango in our system. We therefore give some of the views of Mr. George without express ing an opinion on them, and let the peo ple think about them : '.For, keeping in mind thc fact that all wealth it thc result oi* human exertion, it is clearly seen that, having in view tho promotion ol' the general prosperity, it is ?he height of absurdity to tax wealth for purposes of revenue while there remains, unexhausted by taxation, any value at- I tached to lund. We may tax land values i as much as we please without in tho ? slighter' degree lessenim-: tho amount of laud, or thc capabilities"ol' land, or tho : inducements to use land. But wc cannot i tax wevlth without lessening tho induce- \ monta to the productions of wealth, and j decreasing thc amount of wealth. We ! might take the whole value of land iu , taxation, HO as to make the ownership of i land worth nothing, und the land would ! ?till remain, and be as useful as before. The effect would be to throw land open ! to users free of price, and thus to in- j crease its capabilities, which ure. brought ont by increased population. Hut un* I pose anything like auch taxation upon j wealth and the inducement to thc pro- . duclion of wealth would begone. Mov- i j able wealth would be bidden or carried ! j off, immovable would be suffered to go to | ; decay, and where was prosperity would | ; soon bc tho silence of desolation. ! "To illustrate: A man builds a fino \ ' house or a large factory in a poorly im- ; : proved neighborhood. To tax this build ! ing and its adjuncts is to make him pay \ for his enterprise and expenditure-to ' take from him part of Iiis natural reward. ' But the improvement thus made has j given new beauty or life to the neighbor- ? ; hood, making it a more desirable place ? than before for the erection of other houses or factories, and additional value is given to land all about. Now to tax improvements is noL only to deprive of ! his proper reward tho man who has made ; thc improvement, but it ia to deter ! , others from making similar improve- : ! incuts. But, instead of taxing im- 1 i provemcnts, to tax these land values I i is to leave the mutual inducement ; to further improvement iu full force, aud i at thc same limo to keep down au ob- 1 stacie to further improvement which, ! under the present system, improvement j j itself tends to raise. For the advance of land values which follows improvement, ' and cveu thc expectation ol' improve- 1 1 ment, make? further improvement more ? cosily. "Gr, take thc caso of railroads. That railroads are a public benelit no one will ' ' dispute. We want more railroads, and want them to reduce their farts und : i freights." Why then .should we tax ; them ? for taxes upon railroads deter f i from railroad building and compel higher : charges. Instead ot' taxing the rail ' roads, is it not clear that wo should ? I rather tax the increased value which they ; I give to laud? To tax railroads is lol j check railroad building, to reduce profita j ?and compel higher rates; to tax the I j value they give to land is to increase rail ? road business and permit lower rates. ! , "t?o willi railroads everywhere. And j so not alone with railroads, bul with all ! industrial enterprises, t?o long us wo ! consider that community most prosper I ous which increases most rapidly iu : wealth, so long is il the height ot' ab- i i surdity for us to tax wealth in any of ita beneficial forms. We should tax what ? j we want to repress, not what we wixn* to j encourage. We should tax the.I di :h j results from the general prosperity, uot ! I that which conduces to it. It is the in- ; i crease of population, the extension of ! cultivation, thc manufacture of goods, ! the building of houses and ships and ' ' railroads, the accumulation of capital ! . and thc growth of commerce that adds to . j the value of land-not tho increase in ' the value of land that induces tho in- j ! crease ol' population and increase of| J wealth. IL is not that thc land of Man I ballan. Island is now worth hundreds of I i millions where, in tho time of tho early I j Dutch settlers, it waa only worth dollars; j that there ia on it now so many moro people and so much more wealth. It is because of the increase of population , and thc increase of wealth that the value I of tho land is so much increased. In . crease of land values tends of itself to ? repel population and prevent improve ment. And thus tho taxation ot land . values, unlike taxation of other properly, . docs not tend to prevent the increase of ! wealth, but rather to stimulate it. It is the taking bf the golden egg, not the J choking of the goo?e that lays it." - At Geno: ''.icre ba- just died a dog which during thu Crimean war was pres ent in one of the battles and ruado three I Russian soldiers prisoners. Ile attained a wonderful longevity, but of late years ; was a nure wreck, though cared for in a government hospital. - "You haven't got such a thing ns a i pair of old trowsera, have you?" "No, ; my man," said the merchant, "I don't j keep my wardrobe in my counting j house." " "Where do you live?'' rejoined Pat, "and I'll call in the moruiug for ; the old pair you've gol on." ' i j - It is n remarkable fact that the pa- ! j pers Ried by Charles Guiteau, for a pen- j \ sion for services during the late war, 1 1 were passed upon by medical referee Dr. ; ? Thomas B. Hood, of thc Pension Bureau, two months ago, and bear the endorse ment, "Tiie applicant is insane." - Frederick Douglass recently visited ; the estate of Edmund Lloyd in Maryland, j whence he. departed as a slave filly-six j years ago. Ho was received with the ? greatest courtesy and kindness by tho j great grand-sons of his former owner, and on entering the old hall where ho [ had often played as a slave boy, he was invited to partake of the hospitalities of tiie house. Douglass was visibly affected at thc groat ki mineas and consideration shown him, and drank the health of the fain'ly. It became noised about among Ju colored people that Douglass had arrived, and on nia return to tho boat he was met by a number of the descendant.-? of tho old slaves with whom he had been acquainted when a boy. In conversation with them, he revived many of the early incidents of his life. Mr. Edmund Lloyd and his two brothers accompanied Doug lass back to the. cutler, and after an ex pression of bis gratitude to them, alni a "God bless him," for their father, he departed. Minerals of Anderson County. Iteporl Sl'tle Agricultural Dejnrt'natt for July, j ANDKKSON, June 7th, 1881. i Hon. A. P. Butler, Commissioner of Ayn- j culture, Columbia, ?>. C. : DEAH SIR-lu reply to your inquiry | about the minerals ot Anderson Couuty, j I will make tho following statement of my practical experience of about eight momba iu this county : 1. Gold hus bceu found on several j pisces, at Mi. iruinuei Whartons, on rfa- j vannait River, Audrcw Watson's, and lien Strickland's, neut Rocky River, sud ( many other places. No effort hus bceu j made yet to discover gold iu Isrge quail* thieu iu ibis couuty. '2. Calena Ore has been found on the place of Mr. Zachariah Hall, Storeville, ! about one-half a barrel. I have seen j thu sample, but have had uo time to make a lull discovery yet. li. Copper. I have been at work on several places to make full developments, ' and fut!nd the pto.peet very encouraging. ? I have sunk one shaft of 20 feet on Mr. Alexauder'fl land near thu Savannah Uiver, and have found copper from ii to | 4 per cent., but was compelled to mop i thc work on account of thc How of water j iuto the shaft and the waut of necessary machinery. I li av also sunk a shaft 44 > feet in depth on St uel Wharton's land, j with the same result as the other. Cop per can be got in extensive quantities in j this couuty, but il will require large cap- , ital. 4. Diamond. I have not heard of auy ! diamonds being found in this couuty. i There has been no search made for them | yet. I have found ihe iiucoluuiiie, flex- j ible sandstones und zircon, in lar0equan- ! tities in this couuty, and ibis is thc best indication of tho location of the dm- ! mond. No doubt wo have os good a prospect for diamonds as either North ! Carolina or Georgia. j f>. Corundum. This gem is found in ? largo quantities on A. E. McFarland's laud, utily four utid a half miles from Anderson C. II., of which I have received blocks of from >f> to 75 pounds, nnd the quality is linc. No further development has been made on this place. I hold a lease on this laud, and will sell this splendid prospect at a low figure. Theo tue Strickland corundum and zicon mino id for salo; this mino I discovered ono year ago, and I find it a very good pay ing minc. The sample cnn bo seen al i my store in Anderson. Zicon can ulso be got in lurgo quantities. I cati find ! corundum on several other places in the . county. The following gems have been ' found : Beryl, amethyst, garnet, cpidote, ! tourmaline, rutile, manganese, suuierhite, kaolin, kyauite, granite, serpentine,chal cedony, jasper, agate. I have found one chrysolite of a yellow color and resem bling topaz, very much. A very fino ligate was found by Dr. Nardin on his plantation near town. There are a great many atones found in this county, which are not mentioned in tho above list. 0. Mica. I have found this valuable j mineral in three places-two veins on ! Mr. Wharton's laud, ono of the veins called thc A. Mica. This mica is almost the largest that has ever been found in the United States. The second ia found about a half mile from the first, on the name land, and is of the finest wiue color. Tho third mica bed I found ou Mr. James i Gray's place, near Savannah River, which bis not been developed yet. These three mines are for aale at my i office, Andersou, S. C. 7. Asbestos. I have found two good ! prospects of asbestos, und will report on ! them aller 1 have them fully developed, j which will take me about a month. 8. Plumbago. I have two mines fully 1 developed. The largest vein of the ; plumbago or graphite is at Wilson Ash- | ley's, in Martin township. This vein is | the largest that has wen known in ; America. It is opened eight by ten feet, is a superior article of graphite, and lieu j in a compnet bed-in my opiuion it will I cover nearly one-quarter of an acre. I 1 can get out solid blocks of from on?: to i five thousand pounds. This valuable I mine is for ?r?!e, and parties deal ri ncr in- I formation may address or call on mo at ! Anderson: S. C. The other plumbago j mino is on John Thomas Ashley's land, . and the vein is three feet wide. I have i located four more shafts on tho same . lund, which I will open in a short time, ! aud will no doubt be successful in finding | ore in one or two. I will report on t, cm in the near future. j 9. Magnetic Iron Ore is also fouud in various sections of tho county. Tho most of the ab o mentioned minera!* I will forward to you that they may bc arranged end put on exhibition j in your office at Columbia, and afterward at the Cotton Exposition in Atlanta, that tho world may know what South Carolina and Anderson county can ?lo in the way of minerals. Yours (Sec., Cir. FBOMM. Guiteou and Miss Sweet. About three years ago Guiteau got j into trouble on account of a projected j attack on Miss Ada Sweet, United States Pension Agent. Ho clled on her and ? asked for employment in the pension office, which she refused to give him, whereupon he threatened to kill her. ; Before lie could put his threat into exe- I cution, if, indeed he ever really intended : to do so, ho waa ejected from tho ollie? in no very gentle manner. Miss Sweet's account of thc adair is as follows : "About threo years ugo he made appli cation in person for a position in tho office. He afterward called at tho oHicc : one day, and ?aie he wanted to ?ce me privately. Previous to his second visit . he sent u long lotter tn me, which I lind . not road at the time, or 1 should not have ; permitted him to seo me. In the letter I he claimed to be a lawyer, und said he WHS competent to fill any position under ; thc Government. It was a crazy sort of j letter. When he came in I lind my back , lo him, and when I saw him ho looked tired and weary, nnd so hopeless thutt ; ?lilied him. I explained to bim that f ; md plenty of help." All tho time I was \ talking to him I noticed he looked very 1 peculiar, and was endeavoring to smile. ; When I refused to employ bim, ho said : 'Perhaps you do not know who I am.' He then went on to say bc was sumo great prophet, religious revivalist, or im portant personage. I did not pny much attention to what he ?aid, as I saw he was insane. He then told me he was de- j termined to havo a position in my olfico, and said : "If you don't give to me you will be sorry.' I left him nnd passed inln my pr?valo office, and the lost words I heard him say was thut ho had a re volver, ? did not see thc revolver, an? do not know that he attempted to usc it. He was then taken out of the office, and I never saw him ugaiu nor received any moro letters from him."-Chicago Times. - Fair maiden, judge not a young mau by the tint of his eyes or his blooming checks, but rather by the bloom of his nose. - A Philadelphia guardian charged $000 for administering an estate of $.!(><.). Tho ward was a girl, and he wantod her to pay him the difference out of her own earnings. The court cut down his bill to *8?. A Thrilling mid Dramatic lucidon?. It was tho morning after President Lincoln's assassination. Thc country was excited to its utmost tension, and New York city seemed ready for the sceucs of tho French revolution. The intelligence of Lincoln's murder had been Hashed by the wires over tho whole land. Fear took possession of men's minds as lo thc fato of tho govcrment, for in a few hours thc news carno that Si ?nid'o throat was cut and luat attempts had b.eeu made upon tho lives of other government officers. It was a dark and ter i ile hour. What might como next no ono could tell, and men Hi>oko with bated breath. Toe wi alb of tho work ingmen was simply uncontrollable, and revolvers and knives were in tho hands of Lincoln's friends, ready at the first opportunity to take tho law into their o.YO hands and avengo the death of the martyred President upon any and nil who dared utter a word against him. Fifty thousand people crowded around | the Exchange building, cramming ami jamming the streets, and wedged in as j tight as men could stand together. Gen eral Butler, it was announced had .started | from' Washington and was cither already j in tile city or expected every moment, j Nearly a hundred generals, judges, states men, lawyers, editors and clergymen were in the room wailing Butler's arrival. Thc fearfully solemn and swaying mass of people that blockaded tho street pro served for the most part a dead silence, or a deep, ominous muttering ran like a rising wave up thc street toward Broad way, and ?gain down toward thc river on the right. At length the batons of the polio i were seen swinging in the air, far up in thc loft, parting the crowd and pressing it back to make way for a car riugo that moved slowly, and with diffi culty jogged through thc compact multi tude. Suddenly the silence was broken, and the cry of "Butler! Butler!" rang out with tremendous and thrilling effect. But not a hurrah, not ono. It was the I cry of a great people asking to know how ! thc President died. Butler wa? pulled I through the crowd and entered thc room. A broad crape, a yard long, hung from : his lelt arui-terrible contrust with the ! countless Hugs that were waving thc na- j lion's victory in thc breeze. It was then J first realized thal Lincoln was dead. ? All were in tears. The only word Butler j had was, "Gentlemen, ho died in thc fullness of bis fame!" and ns he spoke his lip quivered and tho tears ran fast down his cheeks. Dickinson waa fairly wild. Tho old mau leaned over the iron railing of thc balcony and stood on thc very edge, overhanging thc crowd, ges ticulating in thc must vehement manner, and next thing to bidding tho crowd "burn up the rebel seed, root and branch." By this time the wave of popular indig nation bad ..welled to its crest. Two uieii lay bleeding on one of thc side streets, thc o dead, the other next to dying ; ono on tho pavement, the other in thc gutter. They hud said u moment before that "Lincoln ought lo have been shot lon>? ago." They were not allowed lo nay it again. A telegram had just been read from Washington, "Seward ?B dying." Just tiien a mun stepped forward with a small flag in his band and beckoned to the crowd. "Another telegram from Wash ington." And then, in the awful still ness of the crisis, taking advantage of the hesitation of thc crowd, whose stepB had been arrested a moment, a right arm ? was lifted skywurd, and a voice, clear and steady, loud uud distinct, spoke out : "Fellow-citizens ! Clouds and dark ness are round about him ! His pavilion is dark waters and thick clouds of the skies! Justice und judgment are the es tablishment of His throne 1 Mercy and truth shall go before His face ! Fellow citieensl God reigns and thc government at Washington still lives !" The eflect was tremendous. The crowd stood riveted to the ground in awe, gazing at tl ii motionless orator uud thinking of God aud the security of tiie government in that hour. As tho boil ing wave subsides and settles to the sea when some strong wind beat;; it down, so the tumult of the people sank and be came still. All took it as a divino omen. It was a triumph of ?loquence inspired by tiie moment, such as falls to bul ono man's lot, and thal but once in a century. Demosthenes never equaled it. -?.What might have happened had thc surging und maddened mob been let loose none can tell. The man for tho crisis was on thc spot, more potent than Napoleon's guns at Paris. That orator was General , James A. Garfield, of Ohio. Grhscoutb Eats. j CHICAGO, July 12. .lohn Griscomb concluded his fort\ . j five days' fast al noon to-day. His pulse this morning was 66, respiration ; 15, temperature 118. At noon, just be lore he broke his fast, be weighed MU? ; pounds. About 200 peopie assembled in Olympic theatre to see the faster tako his | find mouthful of food. Behind the ' scenes a table was spread, containing raisins, peaches, oranges, cake, bread, crackers, cheese, whortleberries, biscuits, ; beefsteak, Htawbcrries, milk, toast aud ice water. The hero of thc day quietly walked ! around superintending arrangements, 1 talking with the reportera and even help- j ing the waitresses to handle articles of ? food, showing meanwhile no signs of | unusual hunger and excitement. When the curtain went up thc audience ap plauded heartily and Griscomb made a 1 lillie speech petting forth bia well-known views about fasting, saying he believed ! that much physical sickness and diseases ' was due. to overcrowding the system with ? food. Ile bad attempted and had shown that abstention from food could be safely undertaken. He bad only recovered by ? reason of fasting from the illness which ; the doctors han pronounced fatal. He did not advise promiscuous fasting, but desired that scientific attention bu given ? lo the subject with a view to hereafter ( obtaining any advantage there might bc ; in it na a remedial agent. He was hun gry, but not ravenous. The fasting was ! bulli n mental and physical test. Will- j power had much to do with its success. ? He had ordered elaborate menu not I because he expected to eat much, but to satisfy his imagination as well as appe tite. He then, amid renew eil applause, sat j down and willi tho words, "Here is look ing at you," lifted a glans of milk to his lips mid slowly drank tho goblet full. Turning lo another glass ho took a few swallows more, and then turned his nt -mtiori tn milk toast, eating very delib erately and stopping to chat with his com panions on the stage. Ho continued to eat slowly and with apparent noncha lance, until the audience, having Hntis fied their curiosity, began to disperse. - "Twenty years ago," says a colored philosopher, "nigger.? was wuf a thou sand dollars apiece?. Now dey would be deah at two dollars a dozen. II'H 'nton ishing how de race am depreciated." - Newlv-married husband : "This is a friend of mine, my dear-a friend of twenty years' standing." His brido: "Good gracious. Then pray givo him i seat, for I am Bure he must be tired." T -V_^ JJ Hulttonn in Hi? Cell. WASHINGTON, July 12. ? "This is hell !" sahl Guilteau, peev ishly, to day, as he paced up and down ! Iiis five-by-cight cell. Yesterday ho ; asked a guard to tell him whether the j President waa dead or not, and if alive still, what were thc chances of hin recov j ery. No reply was made to him. He , then declared that ho would not toll any ? thing moro to anv ollicial who should | . visit him until ho should bo allowed to ? see tho papers. There is general com > mendalion of thc course pursued in j regard to Guittenu. What he would like j wou'ul be that newspaper reporters should j have access to bim, that his opinions and j doings should be aproad abroad, and I that ho should bc allowed to feed bis I love of notoriety by gloating over the i pnpers daily. Instead of this no Infor* ; matidn is allowed to reach him and no ; one ia allowed to visit him, save the law i officers of the government and district, j This seclusion is the worst punishment ! thai could bc inflicted upon him and ho j j chafes under it. A company of artillery ; is stationed inside thc jail wall and a sol- j i dier is constantly on guard in tho corridor ! in front of Guittenu's cell. Ono of tho deputy wardens is also there constantly, but they are forbidden lo speak to him. I They 'tro placed so that they could seo and instantly frustrate any attempt at 1 ; suicide or escape. There is no possibility ? of his brenking out or of a mob breaking I in ti? him. The outer wall of thc prison ! is three feet thick. Within that is n corridor eighteen feet wide. Then conies another thrco feet of masonry, and ; inside this are tho cells. General .I. 8. Crocker, the warden of ; thc jail, said to a correspondent to day : "Since he has been hero he has never j manifested any sign of regret or remorse 1 on account of his act. Ho takes a pride ! in tito notoriety he thinks he has gained j and w-ould liko to talk about it constant- \ ly if he were allowed to do so. He was j very inquisitive at first in regard to ; eventH outside, but no one was allowed to talk to him or givo him any informa tion. and ho finds it is no use." "How does ho pass his time?" "Time? Ho lounges on the bed a good | deal of his time; sometimes he walks up and down his cell for exercise, and ho reads about half his time. After ho found that be could not get hold of any newspapers he asked for some reading matter. I mentioned several books that we had here, but ho said he would rather have a Ibbie. He was given otic, and said he would read it through by stc lions.* I suppose he meant that ho would ttart at Genesis and go straight through, its that is the way he seems to bc doing, lie said to me that he has been n close student of the Bible, and had once writ ten a book called 'Tho Truth,' which he intended to bo used as a companion vol ume to the New Testament. He said that ho had published tho work, but nearly the whole edition had boen des- ! stroyed by a lire in the printing house, i He had rewritten and enlarged it, but had not been abb; to publish it again." I "Hid he say anything about bia reli- j gious opinions ?" "Ho said thal he was n Christian, but that he had some peculiar views of his own. He thinks that the second coming of Christ took place at the destruction of Jerusalem. Ho also ''olds that people at the present day get inspirations from Godjustasin thc days of tho prophets." General Crocker said ibero was nothing irrational in Guittenu's manner or be havior. Ho displays u retentive memo ry. He has never shown any signs of fear over Hie. consequences to himself of j hi? act. lieuerul Crocker once asked bim if lie wanted counsel, and bo re- , plied: "No; not at this stage of the proceedings." Although he receives no information, ho surmises that the Presi dent is still alive from thc fact that he is j not arraigned. War on Weeds. Let the war on weeds begin early and i keep il up without cessation. Whenever | there is tho shadow of a chance weeds assert themselves, and if not quickly ' subdued soon monopolize pastures, mead ows, fields and gardens. A sovereign remedy for the most weeds is thorough cultivation. A weedy ! field planted to corn and cultivated carly ? and late, especially enrly, for a season or two, will generally lose even tho tough- I est characters among extraneous growths. | A sharp-toothed cultivator will accom- j pl ?sh much, and whore this misses, hand hoes will finish thc rest. When it is not practicable lo place ! weed-infested fieldsundcrcontinuod culti vation, much may bo accomplished hy digging noxious growths up by thu roots, mowing them down repeatedly or sinoth- j ering them out, according ns they prop agate from seed, root, or from both. To carry on the war intelligently farmers mmt know somewhat of the nature and growth of the weeds. White daisies, one of the worst pests meadows hnve to con tend with, spread from both root and seed ; they should be dug out, therefore before the blossom matures, that thc Heed crop for that year may bc destroyed as well ns the germ which produces the stem and blossom the next. This, by the way, is mos. readily accomplished when thc ground is soft from recent ruin. Tho same may be said of thc iron-weed that is of similar bubit. Burdocks will finally succumb to re peated cuttings provided they aro cut three or four inches under thc nurfaec. Elders and briers may in time bo over come by repeated mowings and then pasturing with sheep. Milkweed can he exterminated by coutinucd cuttings, never allowing the plant to bhow long above ground. Plantain, if not permit ted lo mature ?td seed for two years will die out. Mav and August aro fitting months in which to mow such weeds as succumb from loss of leaves. Thc Cana da thistle is perhaps most quickly check ed by thc rank growth of some field crop which overtops il and smothers it out. Great caro should bo exercised to pre vent all classes of weeds from forming their seed.-Alric Yuri: World. - There aro said to be over 81)0,000 colored Baptists in tho United Sutes. - Thc ' .mden Journal is indignant about thc insanity dodge and "talks right out in meeting" thus: "Until sumo of our petit juries aro punished for perjury, wo need not look for much justico in our Courts. Many of them never regard lnw or anything else but. their personal feel I iugs in their decisions. Thomas Mey ers, the negro who HO cruelly murdered his non in Col loton County recently has escaped thc gallows upon the ground of ? insan' y. Judgo Lynch is sadly needed ! in this State, aud it would not bc at all I amiss if sumo of tho petit juries who ? havo so perjured themselves should bo i lynched. What is to bc tho condition I of things in this country in a few years I if such outrageous acts of perjury in tho ! jury box, as nave recently occurred, are ! to go unpunished ? As an act of justice j to the rest of civilization, and mankind I generally, it would be well if such Juries j were lynched, and their executioners I commended for tho u^t na being thc safe ! guards of justico and equity.': XTJLJIU T ll.-UV,/. Agricultural Items. Mr. Van Kirke, of Pennsylvania, has bought 130,000 acre? of lan- in Baldwin County, Ala., aud will start a big sheop farm. There must be a systematic arrange ment of labor on every farm and planta tion. The man who spreads himself aimlessly oier too much ground is u cer tain failure. In Arkansas a species of cutworm has completely destroyed thestnndsof cotton on a great many large planta'* JUS. Many portions of thc State aro overrun with locusta. A Texas farmer invested S150 in a lou acre grove of 2,000 black walnut tree* ten years ago, and tho nuts bring him $1,000 a year now. In another ten years ho expects thc grove to be worth $50,000. It is estimated by good judges that tho mills of Minneapolis will grind during tho prosont year 20,000,000 bushels of wheat. Thc increase in milling capacity hus been growing every year, but at no period as fast as at present. There were over 2,000,000 of sheep sheared in Michigan this year, according to official statements from* the Michigan Secretary of State, Mr. Jenney. Ile says that tiie total average clip was 10,074,103 pounds of wool. That is an average of nearly ?J pounds per head. By judicious fertilization and careful and systematic culture we can dcublu tho present production of our soil. Now, if we diversify our crops to a rcasonablo extent, taking caro to raise our corn and meat, there is no doubt but that agricul tural operations will pay handsomely, no matter what market rulings may be. Tr: this way only can the farmer be truly in dependent. Mix a little sulphur with salt and feed occasionally to sheep. It will ellectually destroy Hbeep ticks. The samo remedy applied to cattle troubled with lice will soon rid them of vermin. The use of sulphur with salt repays thc trouble of keeping a supply for cattle and sheep. If a mixturo of one part of sulphur with seven of salt bo freely applied there will be no trouble with vermin. lu 18S0 Georgia produced 24,190,472 bushels of Indian corn, against 17,646, 459 bushels in 1870. Of wheat she made last year 3,158,335 bushels, against 2, 127,017 bushels in 1870. Thc oat crop in 1880 amounted to 0,544,161 bushels, against 1,904,601 bushels in 1870. Only 10,396 bushels of barley were grown in thc State in 1880, but the product in 1870 was still smaller-5,640 bushels. Tho ligures of ryo arc 101,759 against 82,540, and of buckwheat 2,439 agaiust 402. Paris and Berlin have each an agricul tural university of the first order. Re specting tho relativo educational value of either, it is admitted that the French College bas a more systematic and co ordinated programme of study, but that at Berlin is vastly superior in all that rel?tes to the practical illustration of lec tures, such as richly furnished museums, laboratories, &c. The German govern ment has refused nothing to luxuriously provide the material for tho highest agri cultural education. The New Orleans papers announce that thc Louisiana Lana and Reclama tion Company now havo in full op?ration their steam ploughs. The traction en gines aro placed upon model barges, which can bo moved along the caunls that intersect the Innd at intervals of 1,200 feet, aud pulled by a steel wire rope, the great ploughshare moves through the rich soil, cutting a three-loot furrow, mid breaking twelve acree of sod laud a day in a manner that could nor be accom plished by any animal power. The com pany will this year seed some hundred acres of land with rice, aud prepare a large area for cultivation in tho future. An experimental crop of ten acres of jule has been planted and is thriving. Sorghum in ibo South now seems to bid fuir to come into extensive uso na a green ?oiling crop. Its yield per acre is doubtless equal to that uf cat-tail millet or pearl millet. N?.L less than fifty or sixty tons may be reasonably counted ou as the production of a ?ingle aero, pro vided thc land is rich mid the seed prop erly planted and the crop well cultivated. We feel confident thal it may, in extreme cases, be worked up to a hundred tons of green fodder lo tho acre, and fifteen tons of dry food. But there is grenl differ ence in the different kinds of sorghum. Probably the Red African has been the bePt fodder plant until lately. Sorghum Vulgas seems now to bo more fuvorubly spoken of. But these hove broader aud ranker leaves than the other kinds, and look more alike thau any others. Thc American Cultivator says sheep arc justly becoming popular willi the mass of farmers, and Hie United States is de stined before long to produce all the wool her factories may require. Those who seek to increase their profits by stock raising, and at tho same time im prove their boil, raise moro grass, employ less labor and make moro money, will raise moro sheep. A pound of mutton cnn bu ruised cheaper than a pound ot beef or pork, and is worth as much in thc market; thc wool is thus extra profit, 'flic writer advises tis to continuo to uso thoroughbred ?na'sa upon our common ewes. Ile has no disposition to dictate what thu htced uball bo, only let it be of its breed full-blooded, and iu a few years, by culling our poorest ewen, wo will have a flock equal to tho best One would th' k that tiie articles by thousands in Southern newspapers in ro gard to the wonderful qualities of tho cow pea, as a fertilizer and fornge plant ic the South, would induce every farmer in tho South to plant it. The Southern farmers arc an completely in harmony in regard to tho value of tho cow pea as Northern farmers and farmers every where else arc in relation to thc value of red clover. But it is ono thing to con vince a farmer of a valuable truth, aud quito another thing to get him to act according to his convictions and bis in terests. Not an acre of corn should over be planted in the South without the cow pea. The cow pea will restore to land moro fertilizing properties than the coru will laku from it. " Tho cow pea ia ?be Southern farmer-.' greatest and cheapest fertilizer, and may bo his bank and gold mino. It is worth moro than all of tho commercial manures put together. But the phosphates and limo may greatly in creaso tho yield of peas aud ol vines. The cow pea ii the pour farmer's friend . as well aa the friend'of tho rich farmer, nnd is in tho reach of all. COTTON PiCKKRS--From tho following (latents for cotton pickers recently issued >y the United States Patent Olbce, we may infer that efforts to perfect such a machine are being persisted in: 242,186.-Machine for Ticking and Separating Cotton. Jas,. F. Cunning ham, Sr., South Fork Township, Fulton Couuty, Ark. 242.301.-Cotton Picker. Williamson Goodwin Moro, Ark. 242.560.-Cotton Picker. Daniel Bug gies. Fredericksburg, assignor to Edward S. Rugglcs, Friondlnnd, Va.