The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, March 31, 1881, Image 1
BY E. B. MURRAY & CO.
ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, MARCH 31, 1881.
VOLUME XVT.---NO 3ft
THE COTTON (UN.
Its Histor/ Narrated by Colonel XV. II.
. Sparks.
Atlanta Comtitiitiou.
Events transpiring in n country, which
have operated a material chango in tho
industries, and tho prosperity of its peo
ple constitutes, in a great degree, its his
tory, These events or discoveries usually
transmit the names of those, inventing or
.discovering them to posterity as benelac
flora of tho hume.il family, and are held
In just reverence. Tho names of Watt,
the Inventor tiT the steam angine, of j
Godfrey, ilie- inventor ?f the quadrant,
-of Bteyeuson aud Train, the discoverers j
of ral/oad ?ud the locomotives, and
AT?tTrrtgnc;"the ?ilvcnt?r of tho ?pinning
jen ny, and of Whitney, the iuventoi of |
the cotton gin, with Morse, thc discoverer
of tho electric telegraph, will enduro |
whilst civilization shall characterize tho
h'jman family.
All of thcMO invention'! aro eras in tho
urogress bf tho world, from which will
bc dated the commencement of a new
and moro/rapid ?trido to civilization,
health and :pbwc?,''nn? trds advance will '
ever be credited to tho wonderful genius
of these men. Whence and wherefore
the appearance aud tho inventions of
these wonderful minds? It han been
aptly Baid the exigencies of man urn ever
answered hy.the inspiration of Qod, aud
that these aro specialties ia tho progress
of time, designed by supernatural wis
dom for that advancement in the knowl
edge of man, necessary _to Iiis compre
hension of that perfection iu nature
- which enabled him to comprehend tho
wisdom, power and mercy of tho great
Creator, which in all things is but ii part
of this dfvit?? essence! - Howover, ho this
as it may, is no part of my plan in
writing these crude sketches of the carly
history of Georgia.
In 1790 Robert Peel, of England, com
menced io a small way the manufacturo
of cottou.goQdiiyiho supply of cotton
was very limited, and chiefly from the
British Weat Indies. Thc price of cot
ton was then so high that now it would
bo considered exorbitant. I This arose
frobV?bo castitna^'of separating the lint
from^he seed.1 Tho introduction bf '.?ie
long staple cotton into Georgia and r.oui h
Carolina preceded some y??r& that cf thc
green seed or short .".tapio cotton-, i nd a
means had been invented for ginning or
taking out tim 8e?'d of f he lbng stapled
cotton, knowu as tho roller gin. This
was a slow process and ineffectual /or thc
purpefaeof taking tho lint from th? f-?ecl
of the short stapled or upland cotton, as
it was then terned- The consequence
was there was very little cultivated for
market. Small patches we're planted by
tho farmers-just enough for home con
hQttfr)ti?ni When this* was to bo u-ed the
needs wero picked out with, the fingers.
There.are some old enough to remember
hov; thi3 was effected in every family. I
r??Wnitier0TF well. In the long winter
evenings the children, white ami black,!
had weighedTonjt*f6 them ' ov,b ounce of |
seed cotton; frortf which the seeds were to
be token. These ounces were spread out
before the fire in the room of the house,
w hero were assembled tho family,; and in
a very largo portion of the community
thia was tho only room in tho house.
Thisjeyas done to heat.the cotton, as the j
seeda^.wlcuTThe cotton waa warm, more
readily parted from tho lint. As a stim
ulant to active and quick work, a reward
of a biscuit or a lump of sugar was
promised; and the largest biscuit or lump
of sugar was for him or her who first
completed tho task, and the cotton thus
prepared with the fleece grown on the
farm constituted the fiber from which tho
catiro raiment of tho family was fbbri
cated. ;
The commencement of thu manufac
turo ot cotton in England, and its very
remunerative price stimulated its growth
in the South, and tho separating or
cleansing ?the lint from tho seed in
moro rapid and effectual man uer than by
the hana becaruo a desideratum.
In 1793,4 young man from^NeW; Eng
land cameT^SSvonn^j to teachlir^aipw
vato family ?' but having been- delayed rh1
coming beyond the stipulated-time', for,
bis arrival, his pintie bad been filled by
another. At that timo there was residing*!
Homo twcjvo' ipiles above) Savannah a;|
gentleman by the' nameNof Miller. Ile j
was from New England, and had married
the widow of General Nathaniel Greene,
of revolutionary fame. and^a?B |n pwi-.-j
session ?ot the. Mojb?r?y Grove planta-1
tion, which" had Seen donated by the
State of Georgia to General Greene iu
reward tor his revolutionary service.
Mr. Miller-chanced to meet this youth
in Savannah, being a countryman and
without employment, he invited him to
tho hospitalities of his home. It was
whilst, bore, and nightly witnessing the
picking of tho seeds from the cotton by n
numerous flock of juvenile darkies seated
around tho'Are, ft?'d aa they idled and
nodded, at th<Mr Work .was evidouco of j
fatiguiTabd want of sleep, his sympathies
wore asjaJatpf^wiar these children-^ and
.e; Irjg bBsMK ?axiouu ti.at jome
ot'. ..:;ans for thia purpose' could1bo
invented, that should secure them from
this -untimely and fatiguing labor. In
this wish ho was joined by Airs. Miller,
who* was at tho limo preparing some
small rods to be used in holding tho, wicks
of tallow caj)d]e*J, ?ettfer tnoiyn lisAaiiow
dips, in thefprimitive ?aysiof thc? State.
With the end of one of these she bent j
into a sort cf hook thc point end and
taking, up a handful of seed cotton she
pulled w>tU it tbo lint from tho seed.
This action suggested to tho mind of
Whitney, who was the youth sojourning
at the house, tho idea of. tho cotton gin.
I will'teirtlio story as Whitney him
self told it to mo and the late Hopkins
Halsey, of thitf State, at-his own'bouse
iu New Havon,JConnecticut, in 1820.
Ho said: "I saw at once that a cylinder
armed with teeth similur to thr?& in cot
ton cardavtmrl,4?ado to revoke. Would
effectually do tho work of separation be
tween UnfeAod ?ead. I went to bed and
thought all night such a machino was a
desideratum, and I felt I could make it,
and felt, too, if I'succeeded my fortuno
gen t4 ^#^t?JiM^l^i^^Bbl
with woman's hopefulness and woman's
faith, visited me daily, encouraging mo
aud making suggestions.. Finally I com
pleted a model machine'-with six cyinv
der?, all armed with small wire hocks.
These wero placed upon a wooden shaft
side by side, sind, lo ono Was attachr--: a
cr?nltr handle, by which motion could bo
given; to these were toothed circular
blocks.. . This was'ppt'intoa rough frao*..\
ita wooden journals resting in two half
circular holes at ubtcrhcrin'the frame.
Just as I had progressed this fer Mrs.
Miller came in and examined it. 8ho|
turned it sr u> half a.dozen times; thou
calling to Iib? house-maid,to. bring her a
handful of seed)COttottr^bich ehe held j
in her hand to tho-teeth cf tho machine,
whilst I turned the shnft, rind in a fow !
revolutions the teeth vere, full bf lint
tatton. She looked into my face, and I
shall novcr. forget that look. Ol she
was a glorious woman. She exclaimed :
'Petfeet this and your fortune is made.'
She explained it* defc*tsl saying'; 'You
must devise' somo means by which tht
lint can be taken from tho cards,' sa sho I
turned the cylinder holding tho teeth.
'Now you have to take it off hy bund,
and something must be arranged lo held
the cotton to the cardo.' All the whiio
Mr. Miller had laughed at the effort I
was making, and called tho machine
mino and his wife's fully. He was in
his chamber ,vhen his wife ran and
fetched him to the operation of the ma
chine. He looKed on tho motion of the
cylinder, laughing derisively at first, but
as he saw the teeth filling with lint he
became thoughtful, and finally raid : 'I
believe thnt someth'tig < la coaio out of
it to answer the purpose.' Aftor exam
ining it carefully, ho said seriously :
'Now you nor Mrs. Miller munt speak of
this, but try on, and if you inn make it
a enocet? it willnot only j????ke you both
rich, but it will make tho South tho
richest cou ?try in tho world. If you
Bpeak of it some ingenious mechanic will
take the idea, and very soon wf. com
j plete a machine and will rob you Of your
i invention'/ From that time I proceeded
cautiously aud in secret to completo a
model to bo patented. From the work
ing of the machine I had made, I ?aw n
difficultytbbe remedied wjt^the circular
blocks holding the wire3 together, and. I
placed in the new model smaller blocks.
These served to separate the larger and
give room for tho cotton to roll, and I
made the teeth holding cards much thin
! ner, giving them something of the ap
pearance of a circular-saw. This com
pleted, next was the means of sweeping
from tho teeth lint ny them pulled from
i the seed. Mr. Miller was now deeply
interested in my success, ns he fancied
he saw great wealth to follow this, and
proposed a partnership, and agreed to
furnish the means to secure a pnteut and
I introduce to the public the machine.
Whilst this discussion was in progress
Mr. Miller carno in and suggested a reed
ing .brush apd exhibited.n modclio^naiu
'i??Furohclidd made. At once I saw that
j this could be, worked by the samo-rperme
.'that tfia cylinder carrying *;hc' (t???ffl
'?could, and "went'to work" to~mnke?his
brush. Finally the entire machine was
completed and patented, n copartnership
agreed uppn between .Miller and- myself,
and Mill or. went actively lo work, to put
lt iutb- dp?ratibm-' \7?AIisagr?ed aa ti
what should be the course to bc pursued
for this-purpose blt was my proposition
to nell thc patent for $100,000 to the
States bf "South Carolina and Georgia,
but ".Tiller insisted that this would be te
?ricr?i?ce a princely forlune, and proposed
that we'should erect in each, County ni
tho .?tnirt-. HoUJe'i^ra?apd ]either?l?uj
tho*'colton in ino'seed, br gin it upon
shares fur .tho planters. .. So sanguine wu?
lie of a fortunerfnjm 'tli?' invention thal
he was willing to furnish the means tc
carry .out his plop's. I, was young and
poor, hhd, ?fifty ^Houstfnd ?lollara waahubl
a fortune to me ns I had never contem
plated owning. It was thc full measure
of my ambition-with it I was satisfied
but I wns w?hout an'y-fneffflsr HT?lT?"!
had incurred and paid alL expenses up tc
tjiat timo, and.I yielded my opinion and
\yjsliQ$ lb ilhirh, and bo went io work U
carry out his schemes. The pjatjticO;
efficacy of the machine had been testet
in several places, to thc entire satisfac
ilon of iii? public, and we wero procreas
ing rapidly to the realization of Miller1!
idea of ginning all the cotton grown o
to bo gro?Nn\ii?.the South. CApluajnftrni
it amounted to only a few thousand balea
In the progress of our work every om
was freely admitted, and the machine a
freely examined. Among these v.'bi
came for this purpose was a cabine
workman named Ball. He was critica
in his examination. He had in his sim]
a turning, lathe, worked by driving and ?
hand wheel quite like that with whicl
our gin was operated. He carno two o
three times to ascertain the working a
this gin, and was particular as to th
amount of cotton cleaned or ginned in ;
day. " .
"It was not long before wo learned h
bad constructed n gin, retaining tn
model of ours, but substituting- BSWS cu
from sheet iron in tho place Of our wood
on block., and wire teeth.; \v*o,deeme
this An invasion of our .patent, nm
warned him if ho attempted to put int
..;-r??"A/0ii ina gi ii. WU shuuid bring suit fy
damages. This threat deterred him, fd
hddeemed bis machine an infraction c
Sadr paletot, and fchrbbrc Ihr a great whil
to duplicate it, to work or to sell i
Many who had examined his machin
pronounced it superior to ours.
!$ f YXhere? waaf a farmer' of means an
great influence residing in Warren Cour
ty, Georgia, named Arthur Fort. ? H
saw tho gin constructed by Mr. Ball an
ordered one of similar construction to b
made for him. Ball declined the job, ic
forming him of the notice ho had r<
ceived and ho feared e law-suit for ii
fraction of patent. Fort insisted, pron
ising to incur the risk and to pay a
damages. Upon these conditions Ba
agreed to make tho gin, and did so. Fp
immediately put the gin in operatibi
r As soon "os" wo" wero ?hform?d ?F" tili
Miller employed David Brodie Mitchel
of Savannah, to bribg,suit agait?akB?
aud Fort,The suit'wno broughtiin ttl
District Court of tho United States, an
after considerable delay it was tried i
Savannah before Judgo William Jobi
son, one of tho Judges of the Suprcn
Court of thc United States. Ball on
.ployed- -Peter Early, of Wilkes Count
tb cjofenci.tbo caso. " Jtrtvo| abby argue
on Doth sides, for these two men we
men of great abilities, and deeply .rer
in the law. Tho decision was against i
and we lost our patent.
"It was a tertioio blow upon mo. bi
Miller, I think, was-more affected by.
than I wai. In rC*bort"t?m?*tbercaft
Ball abandoned the "cabinet business at
commenced the milking of gins. Cnttc
plaiitinc'OoV increasedfrapully,- u.id tl
cultivation of tobacco and ?udigo d
cl i fi ed quite as fast.
"The?e two industries were material
affected by the .cultivation of indigo
Guatemala and tobacco in Virginia Bj
Maryland, and wero ceasing to bjj^^ji
able" when tho gin was Invented, i m
with much sympathy from the peopl
who felt Twas entitled' to the iuventio
and should reap tho reward of .tbp. orif
natur or n gtcstly Ms?(dW?^?|el -flV
Cathy wfaff?yQ?&lflrtmSifroilwetm
ut BOWL.' '^aroliirn fe?lieroi&ly donal
me $50,000, and this is really tho on
benefit I ever derived from the invc
Hon." _i_"
"TTU tho lira* I received this narrati
-from Mr: Whitney h? h'acTih New Hov
ii gun shop, and he was- experiments
, upon improvements he had mode fri Di
arms. This novcr came to anythir
This was in 1820, but he realized con'si
erable money (rom a contract for furnlji
lng arms to the. United Slates.
Eli Whitney was born in Massacltuse
on tho 8th pf-December, 1764, and di
iu Now Ila vea, Connecticut, on the $
of January, 1825. He was liberally/cd
caled, which was due alone to himst!
for be taught school to obtain the m?s
to carry him through college, and ho <'
not graduate until ho was consid?rai
advanced in life. Immediately af
Saduating he como to Georgia. ! Ho v
en In th? twenty-ninth year Of h:?i ni
having arrived in Savannah in TJ
This was very soon after tho introductl
of thc groan seed or abort stapled colt
into tho United States. Previ oast to tl
time that cultivated for market Waa I
sea itiaud long stapled, black teed cotton.
This latter Lita been, as it ia now, ginned
by Hie roller gin, which would not gin?
the green seed. Thia rarloty grew luxu
riantly away from tho influence of tho
eea bree?e, which waa essential to tho
production of tho long stapled. It was,
tea, better adapted to domestic purples,
because it was spun with moro facility,
and mndon coarser .web, and a more en
during one, and was Baited for clothing,
to the wants of the laboring classes,
and th?.C(unmC"t use? of the people gen
erally.
The first mention of cotton to be found
ia in the writings of Herodotus, about
.150 years be foro the birth of Christ.
Cotton cloth was introduced from India
into Homo and Greece before the Chris
tian era. It wa? applied by Veres, in
Sicily, for the covering of boats, and as
tents, and for the latter purpose was used
by Julius Ctesar. It is sjpposcd to bavo
originated iu Arabia, and thence found
its way to India and China. This is sup
position. It seems in somo variety or
other to have been indigenous to all
tropical countries. It is certain it was
found io thc West India Islands, and iu
rome varieties, and in' South America.
It is a common error to suppose nil cre
ated things to have bad their commence
ment in a pair or a Bingle creation, and
when wo have any ono thing in tho ani
mal or vegetable kingdom to a point
wLcre it is not first scon or known, wo nt
once ascribe jiu or their origin to that
point or country, forgetting .that the
power to create could produco many as
one and locate, these at pleasure over the
globe.
The green seed cotton was found grow
ing iu tito islands surrounding the Car
ibbean sea and on the Bahamas!. From
these islands it 'vos introduced into thc
United State-"-, and in ibo progress of its
cultivation many vin ??tica have been in?
troduced from di fie rout: parts of the world,
Thc long staple from thc neighborhood
of DacttB ; whence fir?, came to this
country the faraouB India muslins, and il
was first cultivated here with the view ol
imitating these delicate/ faKncs in lin
?reduction bf oor'oivn/ rna nfactories
'his, however, has. never been' accom
[dished or iii1 any European country.
In this progress pf the human family,
and especially in America, the necessity
of a textile substitute for flax and woo
from which cloth lor all. i ti purpose:
could bo mode and wthiob cheaper and JU
I vii'.iuri??g j becom? ii dcajflftfafalBBrJ Thi
green seed .cotton, promised ;tbis, tho oui]
difficulty was thc separating the lint fron
the. Bi?? rapidly., iud' wit lieut injury U
tho fiber. ..Thia necessity, stimulated thi
30111113 of Whitney, which shaped 'in hi:
mind tlie cotton gin, which gran 'inti
practical form under the manipulation a
his cunning hands... At or . about th
same timv tba inspiration of the geniu
of an bumble barber -was fashioning un
other, machino for the rapid spinning o
cotton. -
Robert Peel, thc grandfather of tb
presont Sir Robert Pepi, waa ono pf tb
first .tb commence tbb spinning ot botte
in England. The precess then in us
was simple, crude ana insufficient. Ther
was wanting jreat improvements |jl tb
machinery,* abd many Were striving *
effect these. Arkmlght, a Bristol nai
ber, who was'very illiterate, supposed h
could invent ard inako ? .machine whic
should* r?rriedy ther principio Taiffic?lt]
thought mucl1 and worked diligent!'
So absorbed v H- ho that he neglected h
vocation, and incurred tho reproof of b
wife os well as that of hi? patrons. G ti
ho worked in secret in' thc- little bac
room of his'shop. . His wife comptainc
that therrj Was no food for''tho'family i
the ho?se'and'ha-money ?dpfJrcbase an,
arid ut?less bb gave mere attention to h
business the family would starve. E
heeded not her anger br remonstranc
but. keeping his own secret and mo
confident of ultimate success, continue
to work on, When the machine wi
well nigh completed, requiring son
trifling material essential, to its fin
finish which be bad not, he wont out
procure it.
This .was the angry wife's opportunit
abo went into hi.s room and finding tho
tho machine, in wrath abe seized it ai
crushing it to atoms nbc throw the fra
menta into thc street. Returning l i
capied tho ruina,, and, gathering them u
he accused his. wife of tho. act and ti
braided,her for it. In .very * ite ubo a
mitted ilio tru.tb of tho elu ' J ?nd jus
lied, tba act. : Thia wag-' moro than t
enraged man could bear. He multipli
no words with her, but look: aer by t
nrm and leading, ber,, to thc door flin
her into tho street, forbidding her cs
again entering the house. This done,
closed the door upon ber j nor did s
ever again return to tho bouse or bim.
Straightway be wont again to WOJ
andina short time bad completed t
modoLof the spinning jecney. This
Carried to Peel, who examined it minti
ly, anda&fcxmd acknowledged itt utili
and that it supplied tue great want.
Peel was a wisc and prudent man. 1
proposed to Arkmight that he shot
patent tho invention. This was- agre
fo, and it was* "By Pe$ patented iu '
and Aakt?ighf?; ??r??. oTli?s don?,
proposed e. copartnership to.Arkniigb.t
tho business of cotton spinning,-and. tl
this jenny should-bo thu capital of A*
bight. This wns acebptod, and the ri
Chine put at onef?nto practical use.
i About, this time there waa a al "; m
of short stapled cotton to England, fr
tho ??isejrj^^caoi^tweuUy.?fB'?al?s
' The cotton gin bad proved a gratia
cess in America, andino spinning j^c
tn Engend. Then commenced tho c
tivatiohof tho'staplo as a marketa
Crop, and very! lipQa] ?ts g^wUii??ceAtii
tho demand, and the price went do*
and tho cloth from ita fabrication che
?ned, and tho imports :0T the costly <
t}on goods of China began to decline,' i
!ot many years after ceased entirely, i
ow only tho' old I of tba J^fU/"* kp
anything oF tlio~lSTank?n" cottons-^:
many others of.-tho cotton cloths once
universa) uso in America and eapeci
in the Syuth of tho United States, i
In 1815 tho cotton raised iu tho Bot
ern 8tates wa? 77,000 bales : in ll
400,000; in l-^"47pi0t^;,^nl870(.-c
5,000,000. The wealtu-accruing to ?
land frotti cotton manufacturing La iq
eulabie. : The wealtfr Aoin its produc
in tho Soutb bas gone into, tho hand
tlift yankees,'ttrid novf'tntl ruibob'plari
atc tho poorest portion of tho. A merl
people. ' Thc yankee invented tho
Chino for preparing it foe uso; ho
Eoitcd tile negro for its cultivation, J
e is to-day the only recipient of j
profit arising from its grtmtb, and,
. values of tim negro,, who ; hhs prbdti
He bas emancipated tho negro, and h
tho honda of tba government for j
drcds of 'millions for the money expei
in this tqost philanthropic act, and
'cotton produced by tho cm ancip
'slaves ?!? taBri se $*tf thees booda
'their accruing interest. When will 1
relax their heh? upon thc negro ?
paripnoe -wo?dd qualify , tho 'rtssei
never so long os bo can bc rondo pi
able, either with hi? votes or his Ifcl
W. H. ?PAKI
- ll ha? been learned, that the
who threw ibo fatal Orsini bomb at/
ander II was himself wounded Ly ft,
died without giving his nattie.
THE CZAU'S ASSASSINATION,
The Story or au Kj?-Wltnei?- Thc l.nA
Agonies, Etc.
? ? Tho Londou correspondent ol" the New
York Herald telegraphs as follows in rc
Sird lo the twsassYnation ol' the Czar of
ussia.
"The best account of the murder that
?ny eye-witness has beeu abie to givo is
that of Captain Novikoff, of the imperial
etaff, who was present when tho second
bomb was thrown and who helped to
I raise the dying Emperor. This officer
had attended the inspection held at 1
j o'clock in ihe Great Micheal Kiding
School, and was on his way homo down
tho Nevsky Prospect, crossing tho Cath
erine Canal, when he heaid tho first ex
plosion. He arrived within thirty yards
of tho Emperor when he saw a cloud of
6now suddenly blown into tho air. The
second bomb had exploded. The ground
was strewn with wounded men. Groans
were heard on all ?ides. On ono heap of
snow was a dead boy, a wounded soldier
of the body guard and a wounded civil
ian. In fhe road lay the Emperor, mo
tionless. Ile wore the uniform of tho
Sappers of the Guard, whom he had just
been reviewing. His legs were shattered ;
blood fiowed from his wounds. Some
sailors came up and raised him fr u tho
ground. Captain Novikoff too?, him
round the body ; thc sailors held hiui by tho
legs. They moved forward a few paces,
?when the "Emperor said twicc? 'Cold,
cold,' and endeavored to raiso his hana
I to his forehead, on which there was blood.
Captain Novikoff, supporting thc Czar
with ono arm, tried with tho other to get
his htfndkerchicf and bind the Empe
ror's head.
"At that moment tho Grand Duke
Micheal came up and bending over tho
Czar's face said anxiously, 'How feelest
thou?' To th'8 tho Emperor replied. It
was difficult to beor what he said. He
did not niter a single gronn. Thc Grand
Dulce snatched n cap from a bystander
and placed it on tho Emperor's head.
He then bade tho sailors move forward
with him. Tho people had meanwilc
"been runuiug up from all sides. Many
fell on their knees; all crossed them
selves and wept. There seemed to be no
conveyance in which tho .wounded Czar
could bo placed. Tho police officers had
driveu up in a sledge, but thc horses
had taken fright and hud run away. A
common sledge was standing not far alf.
but it was too small to allow the wound
ed man to bc supported in it. Captain
Novikoff asked the Grand Duke Mi
chaelas permission to carry the Czar into
a neighboring house and endeavor to
stanch tho flow of blood. The Emperor,
had evidently not lost cousciousucss{ for.
when the proposal was made he distinct
ly Bald, 'Bear mo to the palace to die.}
Another police sledge now carno up; and
in this they placed tho Fmperoi, eup-i
porting him on either side, for he wow
unabio even, to keep .up his head.' At
first thc sledge moved forward at a walk,
but tbq CzarT9 strength seemed' to fail nu
rabidly *hat orders were given to go at a
bVisl.,trot to tho palace. When they ar
rived tho Emperor was unconscious, and
in that condition ho was carried through
the gates. Physicians were quickly
summoned to his bedside. Surgeon
Krouglovaki, Dr. Botkin, Dr. Marcue
and Dvoriachino obeyed' the call. Thc
l?iit^tvmed'inlmodiately fetched such in^
strumcnti.as were necessary for amputat
ing thc legs. Bandages, were applier]
Tho veins were tied up iu order that tht
blood m'.g?.i flow back to the heart. Th?
Czar recovered consciousness for a brie:
moment and received the sacramento
from M. Bajnloy, the chaplain ; then hil
heart ceased to boat.
"When tho explosion took place th?
Czarevitch waa ac Jonch with bis familj
in the Amutchkoii" Palace. They hean
the noise with fearful forebodings. Thei
waited in terrible anxiety, ?a? soon ai
imporial equerry galloped ?'.v Tl
Czarevitch and his wife rushed out ?.<
meet him. They were told that the Em
pcror waa. frightfully wounded. Th
heir-apparent jumped into a sleigh ant
drove to tho Winier Palace, being th
first to arrive nf 1er the ara nd . Duk
Micheal. Other members of tho impe
rial family followed. Thuu carno man;
illustrious persons-among them Princ
Soumaroff, Prince Dondukoff KprsakoC
Count Miliutin, Count Adlorbeig am
Count Loris Melikofl". The Empe.o
was not wholly unconscious when the
arrived. He oponed his eyes and gav
blight J tokens that he recognized som
hiembers of his family. He muttere
fSbaaba,' the diminutive, of the bored
tsry prince's name. .A^ the momot
, ivhen no breathed bis lnst-ralt* who .wei
t,resent in the chamber woreJk~?6aling i
ilent. prayer. The. events df'the'nea
{ow honra were deeply affecting.. As tb
/zprvitch left the palace he was receive
with en thu ci ast i fi acclamation by .tl:
Crowd. Tho Princesa Dolgoro?ki fain te
away when sho henrd tho sad news, ac
remained unconscious for ' two .hour
That same evening, iaccompanicd" by hi
sister .and-Pridce. : Albedlraki, Goverm
of-Warsaw, who is/her sister's husban
?ho left: St. Petersburg, being taber* i
the railway station in a pubhc conve;
anne, 'It ls.believed that she will rema
in lifelong .exile. .It bas been noted?
-^si?ctf|^coinmde'nce that the doy oft!
\1/Z3X??nenin.Wli? Loo. uiiiiiVcfoiiiy Ul v/rt
jp's' oz^pBtidn?aaed*. that :the spot <
which/Iku^EmwIror was diurdered w
.th al OffwlflSjM?inerai Mczcdtzott, Ghi
of the third.Sektion, was slabbed by; b
aWssl?. .It .is ?O??. inclosed'and coven
, with, tarli ? . Iuimortollc* havo (Bet
p'toht?da'?pon it. Sentries of the e
regiment of .tho Emperor ?Paul.: clad ?.
picturesque uniform of the lastcentni
Bland ! there>?? guard, striving* to kc
.qadcJhAfffople, who: eagerly .snalcli
.flu^tWhir: 'that can be earned' ofilia
rfcHc." * xV ; . M
Torils RICHEST'MAN IN THE WORT
-Mri Mackey is tall, with the exact i
of ' a military mom being quick -
movement, ttobrptw ?peech, and a fa
that' ?fco'w? fwOnderfnl concentration^
man- ?rho, If he? stormed a fort, Wot
toko it or die in tho attempt; the J?
of-si -man who would not thi nie of *w
when others were in donner, but tam ld
th? most; likely person In the -world,
rush into a burning house and ir?eeuo 1
imperil^; and yet not impulsive'-t
steady, groy eye? : deny that, oven fif \
Scotch Jr?sbiparcntago did not prod
ti caution moro than mero prudencey'
has the decided appearance of l?ngeVl
sp that we drink'to him "Rip Van W
kiefs" toast) with the kind of esr tali
that it will be fulfilled. Loving mo
extremely, he says he would give ail ;
fortune to bo a fine tenor. Neither
there any ono BO ready for a joke, Or
auick to see the ridiculous side of a sit
?on ; a good friend and an open foe
man you would like extremely if ho \
poor and rejoice greatly to find him ri
o' mon with a heart for any fate.
! ' '- The Atlanta CbrMitulion ?sys
telephone is In'complete working cor
Hon from Gainesville to Auraria, ni
teen miles: Dahlonega, six miles; I
Dawson vi lie, sixteen mil?-forty EJ
in all. The healing and recognition
voice over the whole line is as clear
distinct as if only a short distance av
'_Ll?_i_-. ..
Some Popular Superstitions.
Actors and actresses aro excessively
superstition V~t!W? Of tue foremost lead
ing ladiea in Lue Country told the writer
on^o that abo had never combed her
hair aft'r dark but the act bad brought
. er a ? jappointmcnt. Thia samo lady .
bcd a passion .for the rocking chair and
whatever abo'got up out of voe stopped
its rocking. If abo bad not, sha sala, the :
next person who sat in it would fail il).
When ber right band itches, it is a sign '
si", will shake bands with a stanger, and i
if the thrill occurs to tho left, it signifies
to.her the receipt of money. lier hus
band, who is a popular low comedian,
bel'tvea firmly that to break a looking- ?
glas fon iells death, because bia father i
fell 'ii a fatal apopleptic fit, while shav- i
in.?, and broke the nilrorin his tumble ?
Tlie old Ntinerstition of thirteen ot ta- i
bio is well kuowti. Not long agc the '.
writer dined with a friend, whose guests i
"nd family made ?ip that fatal number, t
Tho host,,?eut the. oldest sm- away to i
ubivatc tho dreadful consequences. Yet '.
this same gentleman laughed at his wife i
wheo she suspended a fancy horseshoe i
aver.tho front door ou New Year's Day i
for good luck. i
There are plenty moro omens tu order, i
If yCur loft eye itches, you will cry l
before the day is over ; but if it happens 1
Lo your right, you will hinch, boar good j
uewB or see some one you love. If your i
foot itches, you will walk on strango '
abound, which is to go ou a journey, and i
the same perfcrmaiico to your kneo prog- I
tiosticntes a guest. It is unlucky to lay i
four knife and fork crosswise, to see tho <
aew moon for tho first time over your \
left shoulder, to find A knife or razor, or <
:ro;-s a funeral procession. If yon sing 1
luring a meal, you will, soon encounter i
lisappoiutment, as, any one who would i
JO guilty of auch an impoliteness de- j
serves, if a dog, bays under your win- ]
low it portends eickueas, and the howl- <
lug of dog? is A .sure-sign of death-to j]
?io night's. rest of oby, ono io earshot, i
To find a peajrl iii au oyetor betokons (
jood fortune, of course? anda four-leaved t
:lovcr is ,equally desirable and about -t
is rarely;i met .. with. To carry a ]
:at wirx ..you when you move t
a bad luck, but. to havo n strango cat j
.vail: into your h?uso ?B good-for the l
i&t, doubtless. A boo buzzing about tho (
room is a sign of a letter? as well as that ^
some one will be stung if ho is not care- i
Tu!. Thc cr?wing ef a cook at early, j
norning, or ?Jae aropplog of. a scissors, f
knife etc., which sticks in the floor,fore- i
ella,, visitors.. nT/q havo .money in your <
pocket at new moon, menus that you h
.viii not bp broko for a month and to j
^.limbic in going up .siniri-, is a promise j
ina* you will not bo married for jO twelve i
mouth. On tho, contrary, if i (our per- ]
ions cross bandi ? w>ile? shaking, two |
is111 ; got married econ ; and if three !j
uimnrripd people of .the samo.-Christian ?
name meet at the. table, they will all be j
ivcddcd within a year. It.io a ?bud omen <
lo postpone a marriage after the appointed j
ime. 1
Many peoplo will not, present a kuife {
jr scissors without getting a cent, at least, t
in return, as it would, out friendship. ;
Young ladies should not present their j
sweet bernis- with slippers, aa' they, will j
certainly walk away with their affections. ,
Tho loss of a garter means .that of a: ,
lover, ope* .to break a. needle1 while m ak- ,
iug a garment betokens that-tho owner ,
wiJldive.tojwear it oufe... T?;,be startled j
by a snakqis.a sign of melness; - If you; ,
break' a shoestring pr lose, a- hutton from j
your gaiter your sweetheart ia going to ,
provo unfaithful, and to find ninney ii? .
unlucky-foe ,the loser, at any rate. If a \
housewife dr?pa a piece of-bread with tho j
buttered side down she will have a hun- i
ijry visitpr, and allany one else baa to do to i
make euro of e. fail day is to eat all the' ]
food op tho ta We at tue time. There is j
luck. In edd numbers nod Audy John- ,
non b?d firm, faith in them. Ho tuted to j
back it up by ehowing that he had seven ,
letters iu his name; at twice seven; i
(fourteen) he became a tailor's apprentice )
[though. the luck in that is not very ,
ejear) ;,he worked seven years, was free j
at thrice se van, (twenty-one).; ;waa-j m&dp,
State C\>rjgrosaman -in. ?yo times spven- ?
[ 1S35), andan M. CtJr^l8ii t,? Ho entered ,
the Senate at the.age .of forty-nine, was ,
made Military Governor of Tenneosee on. ,
March 7,18?2,apdjn 1865, aged nfty*ix;
nos, eleeted y|w-Prjes'dentr-whici5J wa* >\
ibout tho rq?iuckiest ?thing that eyer (
happened . to him, inqst. peoplo would ,
All those aro household omens which j
lind belief in the most' u?ikejyplacee, ,
Another, i*that.if^pu^ make a r.ltyuiQ by .
chapeo w,hd?you,are speak.inc and .utter. :,
a wishhfjHM* you .say) anything mow.-,
ilqujl'ft will be/fulfilled.. So if you have. M
a 3reaaL,in~o? s^?p?^bfd.. : ana tell it ,
before W?a.kfaa* it M??!! cdnie to .pass
Crickets in;a.housa-a?);lifok j, if- they : go- !,
iway^t : betokens-.iieath, Tho poor, ,
berm'ess little hammor-tipk or, death? l(
litch is a terrific omen t? some people, ,
i nd anicr?l i?-the shape-ef * a coffin flying ?
t ul'of th?^flre'<tti??y,:or?o foredooms him
13 death. Sailors ore-very sunordtiti?us., (
to loso'a ?tdp'^Wwatert?uclw?mhrow
p cat oV?rboanfct?b- unlucky. :. Whistling .
[ rings on "wifld; children ?crear?. : good r
fortune for tfetisblp they vdyage Tb, and ,
flwgym'eo, orivf't?y'Joes,'?*.bring' bad. Ij
to make a miataSo of a word-in writing i
\ lotter is aaign fast th?oriques*-it ein^n
bodies will he refused, and ?a drop a lot
ter or drv it befoY&a2cr??&- o'?ko sare< ?j
tha^ib Will gb astray.' Itching' at tho i]
no?e and the bltingiof R; flee anean com
ntapy? : Nelson iiad'a Bori??hbo nailed to i
lim mask o?r tho -Victory* foi luck. Ho <
$ri^n.he?<fcoK.i White:r^*^tio?t^he !
rV.iw *r5in^t5ari???2;Sventi, "ibecrdisg ts^-j
iodation. " ' !
. A frietfdipfit^e.-tapcrter'a wiU . tranaadt
*n)ii8ines8 from 12 to 1 l?^ttfb^day. '
Another ?AaltCT.a point of giving an airne ,
tb a beggar before ho commenc?s. the i|
labora of tbe. day;- A. etdr?keejMsr'^ tip ;
tf>wn boa hui t? a Rtaud.in fronfc-of ?his !
pl?eo- for sc Uttfe hunchhackM.appfelveri- ?,
Jorbe^uso bis n?mdhappe?Bito'berthe >,
?kme as his owu. Ona of our best known t
i rJwspapev. editors will not terit? av letter
or article with! ink; ott the gedont? prin? J
ciplo that.df-ho;i does inettbdrwill be
worth reading. A leading .literary light -
3|ill Write* Viith tho ehme. penhofdor ,he ?
used in inditing tho first article to presa i
?vcar .ttcoepted,from? him,.mora than' '?
a >??r?>ioa -ftgo^i It may J.ba lucky ta' a
tiirbw.armoftf?teiaibr^de, ibut not loiig >
ago; when this operation 'waaj perferme?: I
opt Weat/ tho-,lady hsppe?ed'to toni, i
nhd.the missile struck her in taefaeeand ?
knookjftA har ayeeat.t-.iY??: lYorA Sunday. ?
tfim,:1, tfi?rtf?iX Alfi o?i.i?r ot tejj*fu
? i.. i-i' ?.J .'.r^tra.v ': :
! -+?JA Frericb cherrai?? baa dis^over?d%' i
way to produce thunder stormsj . A-long i
bair on tbb colt collar, Of: a different
color from whit it should bc, ?ill pro? >
rluee Hhunt??' atorrna,^thou&Bv ?the^ ]
PrBnchnian .bi?r probably get a drffwonV i
method, jp?w i ID
-??There is one boy in Galveston-who '
willnovcr ba a musician,! Ho is toe-in- '
dependent. ICs t?aeav? wa? trying to
make hlmpi?y>tii* Hfebt not?s fuWtaid a
to him : "Yon must not reach-' awayi J
over there ernv tnel'treble; th*t's ,not
rlgh^." "I gnesa' ' PH ' reach fS/uW? I
?ileasO o? thut pfatto. Wo'^own- thia
piano, !reckon. Ill pnt'my feetupo? lt
[fisco fit."
DUI Aip Builds n Fence.
Farming is a very variegated businoss.
Bcaides tho;regular work, there is al way n
something turning up that has got to be ,
done. Tho long line of plank fence on
the public road was- getting old and rick?
ety. Tho planks were sawed tooth i j at
tir?t and the nabar? couldn't climb over
to hunt, birds or to go a fishing with any
safely foi1 themselves or tho lenee. The
posts were rotten and after n high wind
we had to turn out nnd prop up tho con*
cern. We've been dreading that job,
.ut it had to b? done. So tue boys sot
me digging post holes. I got ulong pretty
well in the loamy bottom, but when I
struck the gravelly clay as we rose to tho
hill, I began to feel soriout, and ibo fur?
Lher 1 got tho ceriou&cr 1 became. A
great many people pass ulong tho road
moot too many for my business, for when
Ieee em coming I dig away like killing
snakes, nnd wbeu they quit looking 1
?top to blow and sometimes they como so
frequent I dou't get to stop long enough.
Sly hands are powerful sore nndiny back
aches. I thought for a while T lind n touch
sf rheumatism, but the family all laughed
\t me on the <dyt and so I kopi on a dig?
?ring. I always prided mysolf ou my skill
in digging a post hole. I can dig three
Lo a big DUCK niggers one. Qlvo me a
long-handled narrow spado and long,
untidied shovol and 1 can beat n patent
machine, but I can't bold out a? long,
riiero is a heap of science in building a
renee. It lukes n number ono carpenter
o do it right. If the holes are not dug in a
.rue linomostof them will havo to bo dug
iver again on one sido or tho other when
die post arc set. Tho bottom of the posts
jutht to be 6Ct by a line, and thc top by
:ho eye. You needent' put a plum bob
sor a spirit lovel to a split1 post. It wont
jay. But a. good oyo will do the work.
I've seen palings nailed ou all cat awain
pus in front ot fino houses, and it always
X'ivoa mo tho conniption's'tb look nt 'em.
liut we are building a plank and wire
"once. Wo'got good chestnut posts, soma
luliU.aud some round, and wo pucked
.Lem well nt tho bottom. That is the
iccret of making a post firm iii tho ground.
Don't fill up folland then pack at the.
op. Our posts arc twelve foot apart
Vom center to center and the plank arc a
full inch tliick. The baso is niuo inches
?nd there are three moro plank six inches
vide with Bpaoo'nf three, four and six
nones and then comea a barbed wiro eight
R4>>g i.:~!- -i,:"u .j..,,. (i," c
?vuCo u.-?uu> mut. ii iu.ir-._S 11)0 IC? vp. ,
four foot high. Tho joints,are ajl strapped. !
with six plank and a'good chestnut stob :
lr;ven down in tho middle of every pan
nel and tho plank -nailed to it, and tho
posts are sawed off with a bcv.il a few
inopes ahovo the wire, and this is our. .
sheep farm fence and if any farmer. ;
[fnbWs Of a better One I'would'like
Lo.kn?w.itr I don't know exactly how'
lp?g niffood: chestnut post will Inst, but
u&bor kreeman says ho baa .seen one up,
iu bordon.that a gate waa hung jtp by
3ehe'rarDe8oto; drsomo'otber feller, and
it's there yfct. Ho says a chestnut sorrel1
tmrse will last longer than any .other
:olor. I wish I could find a. chestnut
.orrel cow. I would buy lier, for old
Hess is dead. She was a noble animal,
md we all loved her liko a friend. She
lias given us about.six thousand galions
yt milk-good, rich, heathy, milk--but
she will never give any, moro In this
svorld. Bh'o haB gone where tho good
cown go, if Ihov go anywhere, and I reck
on they do, Ibo cowpen looks lonesome
now, and.Mm Arp. is ?ad, for, Bess was
her favorite, and ?ho knew it- She was
ii game cow, and disdained n dogas niuch
u possible. Old Bows tried to noso her
one day, and she throw'd him up about
fifteen feet nnd be come down on her
back, hut he didout stuy there Jong.
They never made friouds in lifo but I
hope they are now nt peace and have
become reconciled, for '.hiy wero both
good friends to us. Eora had no tail to
speak for it was cut off in infancy, and I've
wpnderedhowit n ould be if dismembered
bodies all como together al tho resurrec
tion bow-his puppy tail would fit on to
the old dog's stump. 'We are fixing bow
toploot-cornandmy boys,are hajferaayl
for a'cnltiv^or, J, reckbnibey are a good
[bing and savo labor, but I saw ono at,
wort last summer nnd the darkey who
?P?va iL bioko down a power of corni in
turning at the end of the rows anda right
?mart at other places -where the stocks
were a little out of aheti line. They can't
aodga rouud liko a single, plow. I wish
there w?s.some'helter way tb drop coVn
and hove lt all como up in a perfect row1
undi wish, tbtro.wos some contrivance
today off (?inJOvva1)i.ierfectly parallel.
Tho mule.bas W have sense, and tho man
^ooVto make' n decent furrow and not
?nany bf'thfcm have got it. I wonder
if'a man eould?ot ride a horse sod pull
after b?PA a thing, with wooden teeth that ,
would mark soveral rows nt once,
though Twoulucnt advise tho using of. lt
in Stamps land Or new ground. I like to
iee ? farm look liko a great big garden :
that is laid oiT and worked- by a lino.
Gardening is my forte if I have gut, ?ny
fbrte whTch'-shtlBfl?s mo X atn' a deseen
idtil of Adnht, for thns was his. I've .
?pst built a'ne* arbor for thc grape vines i
bp run on, and tho chestnut.posts were ,
Ifeng and green, and heavy, and they hod
th, be ,toted about fifty yards, and I
thought it'niy 'paternal' duly tb fakelbe
Nn?i-*lnutniiftnand leave tU? lichtest fot* the
Bog?, bu?toi(oro,I<gQt tb?'first .one to ita i
place I w?pxh>d powerfully, and felt like I
s?-js k'nock-t'-iecd ?nd bos-anklo; and when ,
I Jbpkcd ba'clc 'thbboyB were holding on
tp'the'fthce !rflost -dead with laughing,
and thi?t evening they had Mrs. Arpo?t I
in the garden-,toa'oow her my circus, and ,
q h a vc nt, beard tho last of Uyct but green,,
^r?st'nut i?he?vy'timbcV; l teiiyou. i'm
?orking tho'gardon how with' k line and
levfel add Mw. 'A rp she styabout with !
lier sun bonnet; bn. and. over and . anon,
ehcorages rae wUh ari uxorial smile,
?be ii a Splendid ' bvcrsee-r, sho, is, and
SoVan eye tb b?niity.?rid to me.;' When
tho. > dog..wood blossoms she 'is going a
fishing and take mo along to kill snakes -
and bait her book. - BILI. ARP.
L H ns RY CLAY 'fco. :6f~\#ihtn.?
H&ttry' 'Olayas 'ihvorite recr?ation for
manjr. jeara was ;& gaino of' whist, to
which at ape time he;waa passionately
addicted-not for thc stakes hut for tho
distraction and excitement of tho game.
Mri-Winthrop says that there is n tradi
tion that while Clay was 'Visiting Boston:
ih ,1818^and Jodging at the old Exchange
Coffee House in. Cpngreas street, A eec
vuht ?iisbed Into th& parlor in which ho
waa at the whist tahiti with a few gfentle
Eien of the old school,mid announced'
tl at the hotel was on fita,
f\ "Qb, ?theTO will (bo time; enpugb, '
think/ cried Mr: Clay, "to fin?slf tho
gkmoV* "?nd flnlt?i 'it they did before tho
hotei vr&H burned to tho ground.
i&iltnilar. tradition . Wa* ; current in
feix;' still gobion xvi th their gamea
i hen tho hour was close At hand for thb
opening of the morning -session- of Con
BT*fV,.i y . C-fl ..,'. ..t. .
H ^?Mt rt fo*r minutes, gentlemen," said
Mr.01ay\ "and1!.will wash my-face and'
hands, and mn down'- to the Honso and
call Jobo Taylor to the chair, and then 11
will come back and we will have another t
Bibber."
.1 arrowing Wheat lu Spring.
-- i
Tho advantage of harrowing wheat !
lands thoroughly in the Spring,, as Boon
as the ground becotpes dry enough to .
Erc'vcnt the horses sinking into it, is
nown to many farm* rs who havo prac* !
treed it, bet is unkno. :. to the majority. !
Wheat is usually sown in September upon
well prepared land. This land is left
there subject to'all the storms of rain and 1
snow and tho dry weather in the succeed- j
ing Spring until the wheat is harvested,
lin consequence tho land i become?, in
May and June, nearly as hard as a inca- j
dow. At a season of the year when the
plr.nts aro in tho greatest vigor of growth
tho laud is so hard as not to give oue
half the nourishment it would if kept I
mellow by any process. Suppose, tor
instance, com should bs planted in the I
Fall, , '?uder i-.im?ar conditions with
wheat, and that tho winter did not injure
it, and that it were.left without cultiva
tion bf any sort until harvested ; it is ev
ident that tho yield would be diminished
over one half; in fact tho yield would
probably be so light aud poor na to be
worthless.
Now,' wheat, from my experiments in
its cultivation by hand in England, shows
as great sensitiveness to cultivation as
corn; i lie yoi ld by.careful baud cultiva
tion being increased to sixty bushels, and
in some instances, eighty bushels per
acre. Now, a thorough harrowing of
wheat in Spring, inn very inoxpensivo
nimmer, performs the cultivation nearly
as well as when dotio by hand. If the
crust formed by tho Winter SIIOWB and
Spring raino is thoroughly broken, and
the ground lo tho depth of two or more*]
inches well pulverized, the'effect upon
the wheat is like magic. It starts into
tho mest vigorous growth and. in a few
weeks has nearly or quita doubled in size
pf tho wheat not harrowed. lu pieces of
wheat that have como under'tho writer's ?
observation, which were harrowed io'
strips, that i*-ono strip not harrowed at 1
all, and other strips on each sido thor- I
bughly harrowed, in tho carly part of,
June, tho hnrrowed wheat Btoou fully one
foot higher than tho unbarrowed at each .
iddo, and in every . way wai! .strikingly
ranker and moro vigorous. Mr, lt. J. Swan,
of Roso Hill.Farm,. Geneva, N. Y., who
has heavy clny land,nays he has harrowed
his wheat for four years with th? Thomas' .
harrow, and linda tho yeild to be? in-' ,
creased fully ten bushels per acre. By-,?
rum' Moulton, of Alexander, Genesco '
county, N. Y., harvested from fifty acres ,
1,600 bushels'of wheat. His neighbors ,
only obtained about len bushels per acre.1 ;
Tin; only difference in land or treatment !
was' that Moullou's wheat was thoroughly ?
harrowed willi this implement -in tho
Spring nnd his' neighbors' was not.
The client produced by harrowing bar- ?
ley and oats, after they have obtained a ,
growth of Jour pr'fivo inches, is equally
marked. - I have observed many instances
where fully twenty bushels per acre in
crease? in consequence of thorough har- ;
rowing, was obtained..
These facts and many others of similar
character show clearly the great profit '
which farmers may derive from a thor-'
ougb cultivation, hy harrowing, of wheatj
oats, barley and other sown crops, with tho
'bornas smoothing barrow.-Cor. Country \
Gentleman.
Womanly Superabundance.
Red-headed girls,,and girls who are
not red-headed, aro all jumbled together
by tho million in the census returns;,'
aud the men are treated with just as lit
tle ccremouy. Added up and sot over j
against each other, the totals reveal the ,
harrowing fact that io this glorious land
of ours Ibero aro not enough women to1
go around-; no, not enough by almost a '
cool million 1 - The grand total of popu- i
talion is 50,152.80(3. Exclusive of Jay ?
Gould, tho Males number 25.520,582 ; 1
aud there are 24,032,284 females, with
out counting Susan B. Anthony. Now '
this is pretty bad. Ono cause of it seems to j
bo that the Government does not tako \
any steps toward equalizing tho rates,1
toward sorting up the populations of the '.
several Statea and ^Territories so that!
they will.-at least come near balancing, j
At tho, very start of tho roll of States)
Alabama unblushingly owns up ta a;
round 17,000 hibro women than men.
On tho other hand, at the next step, Ari-1
zona timorously admits that'her male'
population is 1(5,000 ahead of her female.;,
Elsewhere things aro just as bad or worse.
Massachusetts, of course, maintains her ?
amazonian record. lu her popula- |
tiOn there are-included no less than 66,- )
000 lone women . who must move out' of
tho State-say, for a start, to Montana, '
whore, there aro 18,000 marriageable J
women to bo Imported-or go manies.*.
Rhode Island, in a microscopic cort of
way, is in as bad a pickle for mau aa
Massachusetts is. there being for every
100,000 mon a clear 107,000 women
which, ib tho entire State, leaves 10,000
women out in the cold,' husbandless. It .
is no use bajing that because Rhode
Island ib little this does not matter
much. Ask any one of those lOjOOO
women if she thinks that/ it does not .
piattor^-but you had better have tho door
Open arid be all ready to l?avo when you
ask Tieri Tho case of the .District of
Columbia indifferent. There, to be sure, [
tim nrohnrltnn ?-!RPJ< to tho enormous '
figure oH?2,501 women to every 100,000
men j but when each individual ono of
the 10,450 nnweddiM? women in the Dis- '
trict is sustained and comforted by the |:
thought thai abo will succeed id catching1
ber Congressman-and little docs she
care for'the failure' of .tho r'emaibing
10.449; lint it Iii c?rtnr thnt. ?ho condi
tion of''things>in general aught tp be
made for supplying, out of tho womanly
supGrabundunce of ibo East, the 11,000
bachelors of Wyoming* the 82,000 bach
elors of Oregon, and the rest of tho un
married meni of tho West with wive;-.
And if this Government of ours could
conscientiously be called anything but a
mad i despotism without brains er heart
it would tako thc matte? up and attend
to if. ?n the meantime a statesmanlike
way-ofdealing with tho difficulty woiild
hs to pay a '? bonus for boys and levy a
stamp tax on girl babies. .
THE FRENCH AT YORKTOWN.
There is something singularly appropri
ate in ?Vc cordial manner in willoh? an
invitation was'extended to franco to par
ticipate in the Yorktown .centenary cele
bration. Tho surrender of tho English
forces 'at the Virgirtia seaport' was the
virtual'close of the revolutionary war/
and it was a French general, and a
French admiral who share tho glory of
that success with Washington. It has.
been m?re (ban a hundred years tinco A
[Bourbon king upon tho throne of France
extended a helping baud to 'he strug
gling colonists of America. Since then
\Frahco ' hos goub through a revolution
vyhich Mh?ok Europe with a political
learthqnako and toppled over more kings
.thanner owo. To-day thu republic of
America oaks tho republic of Franco to
join ic 'celebrating si victory tho joint
accomplishment of both'. What more
appropriate l-^Ualiimora Gazette,
i ti* Turkey and Greece appear to have
agreed that only a war can rettie their
differences.
.t V? m.
-;-.-?--.-.-;-) ?-?
News r.nd Uosslp.
- Th? total number of hop? packed at
Chicago fur.the year eudiog March 1 wa?
5,762,19*. u
- The World's Fair Commissioner*
claim to bo disappointed ns to General
Grant's popularity.
-r President GarGeld baa announced
thc determination Le keep inviolable thc
secrecy of tho Cabinet. .
- At 'Camden j Ga., the Greenbuckcns
elected every town officer. The Demo?
crate made no nomination?.
- The Stpto Agricultural Department
of North Carolina has beer, experiment'
ing in tho cultivation of jute with tho
most satisfactory results.
- Tho .?M?rica? Settler, published st
London, says that "Arkansan, U. S. A.,
o?T?-rs greater inducements (han any other
State in the American Union."
- Atlanta, Savannah, Augusta nnd
Macon, four Georgia oitics, have an ag
gregate population of lCO.HCO, aud an
aggregato indebtedness of $8 387,000.
- "Don't you think," said a husband,
mildly rebuking bis wife, "that women
are possessed by the devil ?" "Yes,"
was the qui?k reply, "os soon as they are
married."
- A bill to rcmovo tho restriction on
suffrage in tho Slate of New York based
on sex, waa reported in tho Assembly for
consideration. It will, if passed, allow
women to vote at nil elections.
- Mrs. Ellen J. Dunnell, of Hath,
Mo., who was supposed to bc in tho last
stoges of consumption, has suddenly re
covered her health. She says tho cure
was a direct answer to a night of prayer.
- In Johnson County, Tex., the Cle
burne Chronicle says that 47,000 acres of
rich prairie lund has changed hands
within the past twelve months. A largo
part of lt was sold in blocks of 100 acres
each.
.. - Mr. Longfellow cnn tnko a worth
less sheet of paper and hy writing n poem
ou it make it worth ,$50T That's genius.
Mr. Vanderbilt cnn irrito fewer wolds on
a similar-sheet and make it worth fCO,
000,000. That's capital.
- A-Sccond Advuutiat in Greenwood
ounty, Kansas, who declares that tho,
world is coming to an end thiH year, took
a note for If1.000 the other day, running
Qve years, with interest at twelve per
cont., and demanded first-class mortgage
nceurity.
- West Virginia can scarcely continuo
io no rain.cd among ino' States with a
distinctive negro population in the light
of the. present.cens?a. With u total:
population of 618,1,95, the State has but
25,700 ' negroes, or aboi.t one In every
twentv-flvo.
.- it requires two hours to cremate a
body. The ashes, of the deceased aro
placed in a tin box, scaled, and can be
carried away by thc friends. They
weigh from five to sevcu pounds. Tho
cost bf a cremation is$45; which includes
all expenses,
:- Apostle Cannon is confident that he
will recover his scat as Delegate from
Utah in Congress. He claims to have
moro reason to be hopeful with a Repub
lican, majority, and asserts that President
Garfield did not approve the giving of
tba certificate to Campbell.
- The Mexican railroad project bas
overwhelmed Texas with prosperity. It
la stated that 80,000 men aro at work
constructing new railroads in th? Str.tG.
and that 1,000 new settlers enter, its bor
ders o very day. ' This Ia a boom which
has width, depth and length.
-- Miss Kate Smith, an inmate of tho
Union. Home for Gld Ladies in Phila
delphia, after - three year-?' labor, hus
completed a quilt containing 55,552
pieces. She has been blind frnm infancy,
out threaded every needle herself, ana
used 100 spools of thread in tho work.
-- A Frenchman who lives in the val
ley of tho Carson River, in Nevada, who
owns n herd of forty camels, will utilizo
his "ships of tho desert" next summer in
carrying goods from tho terminus of tho
Carson and'Colorado Railroad into camps
far out in tho wilderness. All but two
or three of the camels are natives of Ne
vada.
- Now that tho Philadelphia capital
ists who aro i about to reclaim the im
mense tracts of land in the Stato of
Florida, known os_ the' Everglades, have
Completed their contracts with that State,
it is no longer'a secret that one of tho
main features of the gigantic scheme is
thc building of a ship canal across tho
State of Florida.
- Ono pecullarity-of. Poitmnster-Gsn
cral James, which .will strike most persons
coming in contact with him, is hin good
nature. ' Do lins tho hanny faculty of
doing business surrounded hy bores with
out losing bia graciousness or bis temper
and he can get rid of an obnoxious visi
tor in such a way as to make him think,
ho is conferring a favor when he is be
ing literally edged out of the room.
- The difference between the Funders
arid tho Readjusters un tho Virginia debt
is.Mint tho Rcadjustere. propnso to scalo
the debt sharply, and to provide, means
tb pay'th? r?'rttainder, and tjint the Fun
ders1 prepone to scale less' sha'r^ly, but to
jirovido nc* means to pay tba remainder.
Neither party,is for full payment. Each
proposes, like thc Irish Land L-eoguers,
tppaViroat it' chbbscB. But tho liead
jfosters proposo'tr?- pay the reduced sum,
while ?the Funders "pronos? to fund nt
a1 reduction, aud then >$t the roduced
debt pay itself.
- Mr. Archibald Forbes hos a high
opinion of the late-Emperor of RU?SIH.
He says ho should characterize him in -
brief ns the only honest Russian, ho ever
know. "He had tho unhappiness," says
MK Forbes, "of being better than his
rae?. He-was a good mun,-'who honestly ;
strove for a longtime io make his people
purer and better, and who lived long
enough to como sadly lo the conclusion
that it was impossible. ..and finally to be
come, in a shadowy way, perhaps, tainted
with tho universal corruption around
him."
- The suicide of Brevet Mnjor-Generul
Emory'Uptorl ' U. S.'A., iii San Francisco,
in announced by telegraph. Gen. Upton 1
was a conspicuous figure' during ibo Into
war, ivnd achieved some reputation ps n
military writer, his "Infantry Tactics"
having been adopted ns a standard work
by the i War Department1. ' The cause of
Gen. Upton's self-destruction is supposed
by some to have been a fear on hts part
that the revised edition of the "Tactics"
wb?ld'prbvu a failure. Others think'lils
grief for the loss of his wife was the oc
casion for his act.
- Who" Alexander II liberated tho
Russian serfs, in 1861, bo expended
"five hundred milliou dollars in providing
the emancipated peopie with farms, ox
.tending Over three hundred millions of '
'acres.. This sum waa paid. to tho laud
.owoers. The freed hoads hf families bo
lcamed, possessed of tho land, they wcro
occupying as tenants' on paying at onco
[three years' rental; and undertaking tb
pay off tho balance of tho money ad
vanced hy instalments.. equalling four
fifths of tho farmer rent, for forty-nlno
'years. Tho landlords not only lost their
serfs, but also about 20 per cent, of the
land, whloh isnow the property of ten mil
lion families. Now that twenty yean have
elapsed, and there remain the instalments
becoming duo in the next twenty-nine
year?, the new Cxar propotM to remit
from 40 to 70 per cent. of the payments.