The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, March 10, 1881, Image 1

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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. VOLUME XVI.-NO. 35. "WINE THAT MAKETIl GLAD." Dr. Marshall's Methods. In Which ?rc Million's ?nd Slomllty. Courtesy of Col. William Beattie io? lr od ticed yesterday a reporter of the Daily News to Dr. Marshall ,-at linnie," the object nf the visit being to obtain some particulars an to bis success in wine making. The visit ?ras a very gratifying one, as tho facta elicited abuudnutty confirm thesteudily growing conviction that the cultivation of tho grape and the manufacture of pure wines will in tho very near future become an industry of inestimable advantage to the Suuth, viewed both from a material mid moral standpoint. It is, however, with facts and nt t with philosophical reflec tion.! i?;at these lines bn ve to do. Dr. Marshall's ctaay in the direction of wine making is yet, no to ?peak, in its infancy, but the Rubicon bas been paused, and tho all-important point, the fact that wine making in the South can be made a large and a very profitable industry, the experience of Dr. Marshall, with that of many others, incontestably proves. A visit to the cellar, goblet in band, pre faced the proceedings. Three or tour varieties of wines were sampled-a rich claret, from tho Norton's Virginia grape ; a wine similar in character, but more resembling tho imported wines of that clans, made from a mixturo of tho Ives, Cuncord and otber varieties followed; and a delicious wine from the Scupper nong of a delicate golden color. These wines are the pure juico of the grape, and in body and bouquet very far sur pass a largo percentage of the so-called imported wines, while greatly superior to tbem in their purity and healthfulness. Tba contents of the cellar were 550 gallon*, the product of three quartersof nu acre. A vineyard in full bearing wild yield from 801) to 1,000 galloon of wiue, the market price of which is from $1 to $1.25 per gallon. Dr. Marshall will have this .Spring twenty-five acres set out in vines, and in three vea ru his vineyard will be capa ble of yielding from 20.000, to 25,000 Sallen, of wine. Hitherto the Doctor as used for crushing bis grapes the old fashioned cider press, but i? expecting very shortly a press from Illinois made specially for the purpose. The above fact.?, roughly and hurriedly thrown together, require no comment; they point unerringly to the time, not far dis tant, when vineyards will not, aa now, be few and far between in. the South, but r.uccc^cfti. ccr*?n?*'*nra ? * ? t ii tim ?.ci fleecy staple in making the war-desola ted South bloom and blossom as tho rose. Dr. Marshall's experience in the culti vation of the grape for wine making purposes will be of great valtto to any one who is desirous of learning tho mo dui? operandi, and there is much to be learned, not only na to the kind of grapes best adapted for wine ranking, but also as to the moat economical plan of cultivation, and Dr. Marshall's PUC cess in both these respects would save the novice both time and labor. There are already in Greenville and in the vicinity many interested in the promo tinn of this important interest who would find it very greatly to their benefit to form themselves into a grape grower's association. Such an association would give a character and an impetus to the effort which no individua! enterprise could secure. It would not only directly aid every individual member, but w-uld attract notice from a distance, and thus very materially promote the interests ol this favored section of the Piedmont re gion. In this connection, and as an evidence of the strong practical interest which is? being manifested in the South in the cultivation of vineyards, it may be mentioned that Mr. Hotonp, of Al bermarle county, Virginia, has made oO.OOO gallons of wine from a mixture of tho following varieties of grapes: the Ives, Concord, and Norton's Seedling, which, at a very low eetimato, will real ize a clear result per acre of from $400 lo j $500.-Greenville Nev:?. . i Historic WL?flt?e. Mr. Norval Fergusson, of Athens, Gn., owns a whistle which is, he says, the whistle that the poet Robert burns wrote a ballad about. Mr. Fergusson waa in St. Louis inst Tuesday and while here ho showed the whistle to a few intimate friends. It is notatall remarkable in ap pearance-just like tho common ebony whistles sold by nearly all dealers in toys -about two iuches long, half an inch witlc at tho mouth and ornamented with a iii tie ball at tho end the fingers clasp when tho whistle is being blown. Its j authentic history is curious, and date* back to the time when Anne, of Denmark, went to Scotland with. James tho sixth. In the train o: Queen Anne there was a Danish gentleman of gigantic statue and great prower, a matchless champion nf Bacchus. He challenged the Scottish courtiers to contest for possession of the whistle. A number accepted. The con tests were scene? of bacchanalian riot. At tho commencement ot tho orgies the Dane laid the whistle on a table, and whoever waa able to blow it last, every body else being disabled by the potency nf tho bottle, to him the whistle was awarded as a trophy of victory. The Dane produced credentials, of his victories, withrmt n a?ngln <ln?V>:it > at tim eui rta nf Warsaw, Copenhagen, Stockholm, Moa ....... .....1 ..f I lulla -_?- in /??-_ LO.? ...... ... .....tu,, |?. ... Vj* 1,11 LO III VICl many. After many overthrow? ou the part of the Scott tho Dino was en countered by Sir Robert Lawrie, of Maxwelton, ?rho, after three days and three nights' hard contest, left tho Scan dinavian under the table, "And blew nn the whistle his requiem shrill." Sir Walter, son to Sir R ihert Ltwrie. after ward), lost tho whistle to Walter Riddle of Gienriddcl. It continued in posses sion of the Riddels until Friday. October 16, 1790, when it was contended for. ns r6 lated in Burn's ballad, by Sir Robert aforementioned ; Robert Riddle, descend ant of Watter Riddle, and Alexander Fergusson, of Cr.iigd trroeh Pkewise de scendant from Sir R ibert. It was Fer guson's fortune to carry off the hard won honors nf tho field. But what a ca Sscity they nil mutt have had for wine I urns tells how they ate a sumptuous dinner and then drank claret : "Sis bottles apiece had wall worn ont lbs night When (rallaotair Robert, to Ar.tah the Saht, Turn, o'er lt] ono burupar a tonio of rex., . And swore 'twas tb? way their ancestora did." Whereupon Riddle "left the foul busi ness to folks less divine," hut tho others continued the contest. "f he gallants!.- Robert foocht hard to the end ;? But wliu can with fate and quart bumpers con tend 7 Though fate Said, a hero should perish In light : Sa up rose bright Phoebus, > nod dova fell the knight." Tho victor, Alexander Fergusson, was an ancestor of the present owner of the whistle. - Miss Mildred L*e, daughter of Gen oral R. E. Lee, is said to be a beeutiful and queenly woman. She has b-.cn in Washington thia winter, and han received many attentions. No daughter of Gen eral Lee baa married, and Curri* Lee, President of the Washington and Lee University, is a bachelor long past the mum ii cf life. A Noble Life. NEW YORK, February 19. For a model life, let mc commend you lo tl. al of Peter Cooper. .Ninety year* of age, enthroned in the bosom of bia family and the love of his people, be waits in peace and content for tbe end. ile han lived to see all the dreams of hit youth realised. His inven tions hnve been made useful, bia philan thropy has proved a mercy and a profit, his schemes have all prospered, his chil dren have grown up in honor and pros perity around him, and their children clamber on his knee, and with a stingtess conscience and a heart that still g Io WP beneath the snows of age, be wi'.! round a noble life with a christian's death. Mr. Cooper is probably the oldest New Yorker who was observant in his youth and is intelligent enough to tell in his old age what he saw when he was young. He remembers when New York had only 27,000 inhabitants, and when the ground where tho Astor house and Herald build ing now stund were corn-field?. He rodo one milo down the river from Bellevue hospital, and he saw but ono house in lue mile which is now a solid front of budd ing*. Ho has eeeu New York gi ow from hulf the size of Allanta to be the metropolis of America, with about as many inbabitauts as the entire 8tate of Georgia. Peter Cooper began life as un appren tice to a coachmuker and received only $25 a year. He waa an industrious young fellow, and gave bis whole mind to his bunine*"., lie invented while in his ap [ironliceship a machine for mortising tubs in carriage wheels, nut of which Ina employer made a fortune. Hi? first money was made by the invention of a machino for shearing cloth. He mude these machiues und sold them. Thia was prior to the year 1812. Before he waa 21 yearn nf age he hud mastered three trades -that of a brewer, coachmuker and ma chinist. At the end of three years of apprenticeship he worked P.year ut 01-50 a day. Ho is connected with the development of some of the greatest in vent Tuna of the age. He built the first locomotive ever made in this country. The tubes for the boiler were made of old gunbarrel*, and the engine made thirteen miles io one hour and thirteen minutes. This saved i he Baltimore and Ohio road from bankruptcy and encouraged ila projectors to go ahead. When the first Atlantic cable wan being luid the company's cred it wu* gone, and Mr. Cooper ordered the contractors to draw on him personally, and thus carried the enterprise through. The first monitor that repelled the Mer rimac in Hampton Bouda and saved tho federal navy, was built at Mr. Cooper's foundry. Among oilier things he inven ted u torpetlo bout that would run six miles by steel springs, and explode on touching nn eneniy'a vessel. Hw lifo hus been one of munificence and philanthropy. The first money he ever earned ho used in lifting tho Lurdeu of debt from bia father's shoulders. Since then he bop given freely and wisely. Hi* greatest charity wits in founding the Cooper institut*. He says of this insti tute : "An old friend of mine was telling me of thc benefit that the poor boys of Paris I received from tho Ecole Polytechnique. A young man living on a crust a day could get the best scientific education ai the Ecole free. I bad felt the need ol such a school, open free to everv young workingman in America." i Mr. Cooper baa ?pent already (2,100, OOO oil the iinuiiiie, ?i'iu al lis aiiu?versu ry last week gave it S200,000niorc. He says furthermore that il is well pro j vided for whenever he dies. It is the ! mont useful philanthropic establishment probably in America. At bia 90th birth day I a-t week, the wish wau expressed that he would be there to greet bis friends teu years from now. "No said tho old man gently : "All my old friends have gone aud I don't want to stay another ten years. I am ready to go and await the summons of the Lord 1" "What ni tho end ofy'ou'rlire bf 90 years, is your adviceUi young men?" "To live sober and righteously," said thc old man. Mr. Cioper is r. great believer in the dignity of labor timi uayu with pride: "1 made all my fortune out of machin ery and labor. I never made a dollar by speculation. . No young workingman who hus health and energy and industri ous habits, need fear that lie cannot make a fortune in his trade, if bo wilt only have confidence in it and in himself and in God."-H. If. O. in Atlanta Constitution. ADVICE TO YOCSO HUSBANDS.-The Rev. CC. Goss, during a lecture in New Yo ri: ou "The Honeymoon, and How to Perpetuate It," said : Look out fur your habits, young mau. Don't gel into" the habit of neglecting the little courtesies of life in vour home. Just see tho young men in a bobtail horse-car sit forward on tho edge of tho scat, and when a pretty young woman enters the cur they watch for the first chance to put her fare in the bnx. Why don't you watch just as eager ly to wait on your wife? " Again, my young husband, you and your wife must cultivate mutual confidence. Dintrusl of each other ia the bane nf human society everywhere. Of course, you and your nn.|,i ?,. I...1.1 MIT._. ? RHU nugutiB uuia aiseren? opinions. * was forty years old before I married my wife, and i knew a thing or two before I knew her. When we were married we did not empty out our brains and become fools. When she comes to voto I nuiii her lo vote on the side oppo site to mp, because if alie votes instas I do, what's the use of her voting? She might have jual as well voted through me UH we do now. But don't fight. Hus bands and wives do fight and bite mid claw each other's bair, und all about a little thing that they would be ashamed of if they hadn't got heated. Cul tivate the habit of cooling down. Finally, be honest and upright with your wile, young husband. You ought tn he honc.it i.i courtship, hut if you have hail nn out-tide for your girl to look at, and you have all the limo '-opt a bit and bridlo on your passions only toben brute after marriage, then you have doceived her. Be as innocent to your wife aa though she waa a little baby. You wouldn't hurt n baby. Stand up for your wife-if any one says anything against her, knock him down. Wen, I'll take that back-you can knock him down in your own intimation. IMPORTANCE OF WATEBINO STOCK. -For the purpose nf determining the capacity of a lion>e to undergo the pri vations incident to a state of niege, a .?eries of experiments hus been made in Paris, The results show that a horse may hold out for twenty-five dava with out any solid nourishment, provided it is supplied with good drinking watpr; that a horse can aiiUdst for barely five days without water ; and thirdly, if a horse ia well fed for ten days, btit insufficiently supplied with water throughout this period, it will not outlive the eleventh day. A horve which had received no solid nourishment for twelve days was nevcrtheleo in a condition to draw a load of nix hundred pounds on the twelfth day o? its fae*. A Trap ihr Keren. Catch a rat in a trap and he will fight. Trap a man, and-weil, you can't rely on him. Itia according to the trap. In the heavy ?tage coach, as we roll out of Lead . ville, are seveu men, One fe an army officer who has half a dozen scars to prove his bravery. Cut off from his command on tbe plain? laut Summer by a score of Indians he en trenched himself and fought lb* band off until help arrived. Twoeif tbe other? are desperadoes; who nave killed their inen. Three of the others are stalwart miner?, each armed with two ic volver J, and they j would prove ugly customer? in a row. The seventh mau might do some shoot- j ing on a pinch, but h? hopes thero will be no pinch. In tbe crowd are ten re volvers, two derringers, three lopeating rifles and four or five bowie knives, and there is perfect good feeling as the ?tage rolls along. It is tacitly understood that thc army captain is to assume command in ca-o the cusoh is ?tucked, and that all arc to keep cool and fire to kill. It is 10 o'clock in the morning. The windows are down and the passengers are smoking and talking and seeking for comfortable position. The coach hos just reached the top of the hill, when every horse is suddenly pulled up. "If it's a b'ar, we'll have somo fun," growled one of tho miners, as ho put bia head nut of tho window. "If it'sn robber ?in me the fust pop at him 1" whispered <>ue of the desperadoes, j No nne could say what the trouble was, ' when a wiry little chap about five feet six ?lichen tall, with black eyes and hair, clean face and thin lips, appeared at the left hand and said : "Qeub>, I'm sorry to disturb you, but I've got to make a raise this morning. Please leave your shooters aud climb down here, one st a time !" It was sudden. It wai so sudden that it look ten seconds to understand the drift of his remarks. Then every eye turned lo the right-hand door, and the two re volvers held by a second robber were seen at the open window. It was a trap. Tbe rats were caught, and would they fight? "Geuis, I'm growing a Icetle impatient," continued ihe first robber, "and I want to see the procession begin to move I" ! L'.'t'n Bee. The captain was to lead us and we were to be cool aud fire to kill. But the captain was growing whito around the mouth, and nobody bud a weapun io hand. Tbe rats were not going tu fight, j One of the miners opened the door and descended, und the other six humbly followed. The seven were drawn up in line across the road, and while the robber held bis shooter on the line he coolly ob served to bis partner : "Now, William, you remove the weap ons from the coach and then search these gentlemen." As William obeyed, every victim was ordered to hold bis hand? above his head, and whatever p.under was taken from his pockets was dropped into William's hal. Four gold watches, two diamond Kins, a telescope, a diamond ring,a gold udge and $1.200 in cash changed hands iu ten minutes. Not a mun had a word to say. Tho driver of ibe coach did not leavo his seat and waa not interfered with. When the last man bud been plundered, the genteel Dick Turpin observed : "You are the most decent set of mep I over robbed, asd if times weren't so blast ed bard, I would make each of you e present of $10. Now, then, climb back to your places and the coach will go on." The crowd "dumb," and the vehicle rerumed its journey. Not a weapon or u timepiece or a dollar had been saved. Seven well-armed men hud been cleaned nut by two and not n shot fired or a wound given. Each man took bis seat without a word. M<le after mile was paassd in silence, and finally the seventh man, the oue who might fight on a pinch but didn't, plaintively suggested : "Can't come of you gentlemen think of a few remarks which would ho apropos to the occasion?" ? No one could, and thc ??lonee was re newed.- Detroit Pru Prest. MAN'S PHYSICAL CONSTRUCTION. The average weight of an adult mun is 140 poonda 6 ounces. . . Tlie average weight of a skeleton ir about fourteen pounds. Number of booeSj ?40. The skeleton measures ono inch less than the height of the living man. Tho average weight of the brain of man is tb reo and a half pounds; of a woman two pounds eleven ounces. The brain of a man exceeds twice that of au? other animal. The average height of an Englishman is five feet nine inches, of a Frenchman five feet four inches, ana pf it Belgian five feet six and three quarter inches. The average weight of au Englishman is 150 pounds ; of a Frenchmau 185; of a Belgian 140. The average number of our teeth is thirty-two. A man breaths about eighteen pints of air in a minute, or upwards of seven hogsheads in a day. A man gives nfl'4 08 per cent, carbonic gas of the air be respires; respires 10, 668 cubic feet of carbonic gas in twenty four hour.'; equal to 125 cubic inches common al-. A man annually contributes ?o ?egeta tioii 124 pounds of carbon. -0_ -?Kiiss ... ?.'.'?j tn 120 per'minute; in manhood 80; at 60 years 60. The pulse of females is more frequent than that of males. The weight of tho circulating blood is about 28 pounds. The heart beats 76 times in a minute, sends nearly ten pounds of blood through the vein? and arteries each stroke, and inakAs flv? h??t* while we breath once. Five hundred and forty pound, or one hogshead one and one quarter pinta of blood pass through the heart in oue hour. Twenty thousand pounds, or twenty four hogshead* and four gallons, or 10, 682} pints, pa?? through tho heart in twenty-four honra. One thousand ounces of blood pass through the kidneys in one hour. One hundred and seventy-four holes or cells are in the lungs which would cover a surface thirty times greater than thc human body. AN UNFORTUNATE MISTAKE.-A young mau had his girl out riding in a no-top buggy the other afterii ivjp. In one pocket he carried a bottle of spirits of ammonia for the headache, and in an other he had a bottle of cologne, just Kurchased. A? they were riding along e asked ber to lake a rmell of his new perfumery, but unfortunately be placed the wrong bottle to ber nose. She took a wholesale sniff, and remarked. "Gugug -ugug-hugh-hug I" and want over out of the buggy backwards, en I for an iustant the atria tbe rear of the buggy wa? filled with striped stockings, high heeled shoes, aros, a choking girl, and sn forth. She escaped serious injury, but she hasn't spoken to the young mar. ?ince. Some girls get mad at the least little thing. - The State debt of Tennessee is $20, 000,000. Death in the Pot. The Congressional Committee on Epi demic Diseases, to whom tras referred the bill authorising the Pr?sident to ap point a Commission to examine into and report upon tho adulteration of food and other articles in tho United States, de clare after careful investigation that "the adulteration of articles used in the every day diet of vast numbera nf people has grown to and is now practiced to auch an extent aa to seriously endanger the pub lic health and to call loudly lor some sort of legislative correclio'j." The Commit tee recommend the appointment of a Commissioner "to make a thorough and minute examination of tho entiro subject j aided by the necessary scientific appli ances." A i aluable paper rend before the Boston Board of Trade by Mr. George T. Angeli in appended to the report,io which is partially set forth the enormous trade in poisonously adulterated foods and other articles in the American markets. The extent to which the adultera tion of articlei of food ia carried on is ab solutely appalling ; so that Prof. George A. Mariner, of Chicago, one ot the moat eminent analytical chemists iu tho Uni ted States, is constrained to any, "I have come to expect adulteration, and to fear dangerous adulteration, in almost every article of the grocery kind." From the bread on our tables to the paper on our walls, everything is adulterated, and dis ease and death lurk itt every corner. Of j fourteen different brands of rugar subjec ted to chemical analysis in Chicago, twelve samples were found to contain chloride of tin, au active pni*on. Sever al syrups made of glucnso were found to contain chlorides of tin, calcium, iron and magnesia, in quantities which made them very poisonous. The vinegar gen erally sold tn the market* is unfit fur use and dangerous'. Sulphuric acid is largely used in its manufacture. It was stated by tho Scientific American, sometime since, that probably one-half of the vine gar sold in New York city groceries was rank poison. In making green pickles verdegris is used, and in making yellow pickles sugar of lead is used, both of | which substances are rank pnison. Au eminent chemist who has given the subject a great deal of attention re ports the following adulterations. Bread with alum and sulphate of copper; yeast with alum ; baking powder, with alum, terra alba, plaster of paris, whiting and kaolin; milk, with a variety of articles ; cheese, w.th potatoes, beans, oleomarga rine, vermitlion, red chalk, t>u!pbatc of j copper, arsenic and corrosive sublim?te ; lard, with boiled starch, alum and quick lime ; confectionery, with chromate of] lead, red lend, vermillion, prussian blue, copper, arsenic; pickle?, with sulphuric acm and verdegris ; mustard, with yellow ochre and chromate of lead ; vinegar, with sulphuric acid, arsenic and corrosive sublimate; coffee, with rousted acorns, ?peut tanbark, logwood, mahogany, saw dust and burned liver of horses; tea?, with a great variety of articles. Lard is now manufactured from "dead bog grease treated with alum ;" lettuce, cabbage and pntatoesarc poisoned with paris neon ; canned fruit contains tin and lead pois oning, and the "tinwares in the market aro until for use" because they coi tain an alloy with lead which is readily ac'ed upon by acids, ihuti producing lead poit? oiiing. TI_nniifaettiFA nf ~i.1,?? err-rn A tao isiit.UKisViui v vri ?? ??a-ufuu -???--. j^i n u to colossal proportion? in ibis country during the last few years, and there are now ten factories in tho United .State*, running night and day, and producing more than 200,000,000 pounds a year. Eleven other factories aro being built, which will increase the capacity of pro duction to 500,000,000 pou tais a year, or ten pounds each for every man, woman and child in this country. Glucose is n cheap substitute for sugar, and is sold in immense quantities to sugar refiners. Seven-eighths of all the nugara and ayr ups sold io Chicago aro adulterated with it. It basouly from ono-fourtlito iv;o fifths of tho sweetening power of sugar, and is made in Germany ot rags, and in the United States by boiling corn starch in diluted sulphate seid-oil of vitriol. Dr. Kedzie, of the Michigan Board of Health, found in one sample ol glucose syrup 141 grains of oil of vitriol and 724 graiiiH of limo lo the gallon, ard in an other which bad camed serious sickness in a whole family, 72 grains of oil of vi triol, 28 grains of copperas, 3(33 grains of | lime to the gallon. The man ti facturo t.f Oleomargarine has QIBO grown into giant proportions during the lust few years, and one hundred mil lion pounds of it were made last year. It is manufactured out of the fat of ani mals and isa very poor apology for butter. All kinds of fat are used, and Mr. Michel? of New York City, a well known microscopist and editor of u scientific journal, testifies that "Oleomargarine is simply uncooked, raw fat, never subjected to sufficient heat tn kill parasites which are Hablo to be in il; that those who eat it run the risk of tricliinte from the ?tom aclis of animals which are chopped up with the fat in making it." Dr. George B. Harrimnn, a most respectable micro scopist of Boston, has recently examined some twenty specimens of Oleomargarine obtained from different dealers, and has found every npecimeu more or less foreign substances, a variety of animal and vege I tab'o lile. Among these were corpuscles from a cockroach, und small hits of claws; tho blood corpuscles of sheep; the eggs of a tape-worm. Yeast was lound sprout ing in considerable quai.utica, nuu nitores of fungi were very prevalent, a portion of I a worm, a dead hydra viridis, portions j ot muscular bores, fatty cells, and eggs from some small parasite were among the discoveries. Tiie scientific men admit that a nure article of Oleomargarine that would not be unwholesome might be made in a chemist's labratory, but say that the Oleomargarine known to tho trade is full of the germs of disease aud is dangerous to human life. The adulteration of drugs with poison ous sube.2aces and the use of arsenic in the manufactura of wall papers, clothing und ornamental articles is carried tm to a fearful extent. During 1874 2,327,742 pounds of arsenic, each pound contain ing a fataldo.se for about 2,600 adults, wore imported into this country, sud il is sold with aa little restriction almost as wood und coal ut a wholeabla price of .'rom one and n half to two cents a pound. But the enumeration of adulterated arti clea might be alnwstindefinitely extended. Nearly everything we eal, think and nee is cheapened by the manufacturers, and poisoned in the production. There is a skeleton in every loaf of bread, gallon of syrup, and pound of butter, and a bottle of pickles slowly assumes tho proportions of a coffin under tho analysis of the chem ist. It is, indeed, high time that these abuses weru met bv "some sort nf legisla tivo correction" Without it, there Ts no] protection to human life, except what (si found in the character and utatiding of the wholesale and retail dealers.-AVICJ and Courier. - Tlo National Banka of New York city, feeling aggrieved at the action of Congres? in regard to ihe Pu.iding Bill, sought to create a panic in the money market last week, but were not successful, although for a while there iras much ex* diamant lo Wall Stfeefc How Hone? Brr* are I nj n red. It has been observed that of all dorne? tio animals the horso is the most afflicted with distales of the eye. Somo of these ailments are hereditary and from un* known causes, others-and these are of a painful frequency-are inherited, and their origiu may be readily traced. Of this latter class of causes may bp men- '< tioned : insufficient of bad arrangement of light in stables, blinkers; high racks for feeding ; ammonia fumes in stalls, th* wbip I Although the eyes of the horse is well adapted for ?teing at night, yet he U not a nocturnal animal, so the daylight should be admitted tn it. A dimly lighted stable imposes on the horse sud den changing from twilight to broad sun light, which cannot fail to weaken the sight. If the windows are arranged ou ono side or the other of a stall, the horso's head ?viii bo directed mostly to tho aide from'.whicb the light comes; oue eye will be more in the shade than the other, both eyes will bu drained from being exposed to unequal light. lithe w!ndow is direct ly in front of the stall, a glare of light directed toward the eyes with a blinding effect, which is very injurious. Probably the best arrangement for lighting sta bles is by means of a skylight or win dows near the ceiling. Much bas been ?aid against blinkers, yet their use continues to a considerable extent. If tho ey ca of tho horco, like those of the man, were directed forward, blink ers might prove uncomfortable, but not injurious. The range of vision in the horse is much greater than in man ; by limiting this racgeof vision and allowing it a forward direction only-which is not nature-tbe muscles of the eyes become strained end their strength impaired. It is not reasonable to suppose that the timid, nervous horse, that starts at every unusual sight or sound, would be inspired with mure confidence if al lowed to see all there is to be seen than if straining the eyes painfully to see ob jects terrible to him just back of the bliukers. The position a horses head hos to assume when feeding from a high rack is the one moat favorable for chaff or oilier hurtf'd matter from the hay to fall into tho eves. Tho most serious in jury commonly arising from this causo is from the beards of graiu. Tho sharp little hooks or prickles on these attach themselves to the eye iu such a way that the wutcr from the tear gland cannot wanh out tho beards; inflammation follows, and even tbs most judicious tfeuuucnt cannot always ?ave the eye. Probably every one is familiar with tho effects of a un i If from grandma'? bottle of hartshorn or smelling salts-which is only amtnunia under other names-and imagine how unoudurable a continuous application of th s fumes would be. Of course the ammonia fumes arising in even a very badly kept stable would not be so concentrated us those, from th? salts, yet they are of sufficient strength to seriously injure the sensitive and deli cutely organized eye of a horse. Well constructed floor, goud manage ment and cleanliness are perfect remedies for tim enemy. Of all the causes of blindness in our noble, docile and useful friends none prick us su sharply with our unworthiness tu po-seasauch animal? a* when il is caused by the use of the whip. Nu excuse can be made fo~ such accidents whether done in wauton carelessness or Uy Ul ucl itilctil. CONCERNING WOMEN.-Woman lovo air/ays ; when earth slips from them they take VE fugo in heaven. The whisper of a beautiful woman can be heard further than the loudest call to duty. There is no torture that a woman would not suffer to enhance her beauty.-Mon taigne. Of all things that man possesses, women alone take pleasure iu being puiuessed. Malherbe. Balure promising a woman to love oniy ber, one should have seen them all or should see only her.--A. Dupuy. We censure tho inconstancy of women when we are tbe victims; we find it charming when we are the objects.-L. Desnoyers. We meet in society many beautiful and attractive women whom we think would make excellent wives-for our friends. Women among savages is a beast of burden ; in Asia she is a piece of furni ture; in Europe she is a spoiled child Benac de Meilhan. The highest mark pf esteem a woman can give a man is to ask bis friendship; and tbe moat signal proof of her indiffer ence is to ..nor him hers. It is tint easy to be a widow ; one roust r?assume ail the modesty of girlhood without being allowed to feign ita igno rance.-Madame de Girardiu. Men are so fearful of wounding a woman's vanity they rarely remember that she may by some poasibility posses? a grain of common sense.-Miss Braddon. At twenty mau is leas a lover of woman than of women; be I? more in love with these} ban with the individual, however charmingshe may be.-Rctif do Ia Bre tonne. ROBINSON CRUSOE'S ISLAND.-Robin son Crusue's Inland is to-day a little par ndise. Lord planted there on one of his voyages apples, peaches, grapes, straw berries und several kinds of vegetables. The uumber of thejatter was increased by ?. Scotchman, David Douglass, who lauded on the i-!a::d la IS25. Ho waa not ?i little astonished to find a hermit lhere, who bad been on the island five years. On the second day be wa? not a little surprised to see a man suddenly emerge from a clump of bushes and ap proach him.. Ho looked upon him as Crusoe's successor, although be did cot occupy the historical cave, having built himself a hut, of stone and sods, roofing it with with straw of wild oat?. Aa cooking utensils, be possessed only a. single iron pot. the bottom of which one unfor tunate day had fallen out. Tho damage, however, be had the ingenuity to! repair vvilh a wooden bottom ; but now be WS J compelled to place his put in the grouiid and build a fire arouud it. This man's name was William Clark, and he c<ime from London. He had a few books, and among them there was a copy of Robinson Crusoe's adventures and Cowper's poems. He called Douglas?' attention especially to ?? well-known poem beginning : " "I am Monarch of all I lurr?T, iiy right? thora U Done lo dUpate," etc. Nevertheless, he did not seem to be hap py. There was one wish, his greatest, he could not gratify-be could gat no roast beef. At present, this island is in.pot session of a colony of Germans. Sixty or seventy of our countrymen, under the leadership of an engineer named Rotetrl Wehrhaha, settled there in 1863. They describe tbe island as being in tho high est degr?- salubrious and fruitful. On their arrival they found large flocks uf goats, about thirty half-wild hurses sud j ?orne sixty asses. They brought with them cowa, farming utensils, small boats j and fishing tackle.-Appleton's Journal. - The Dum melt orange grove of Jack* Bonville, Florida, was told in 1876 (or ?12,000. in 1878 for $16,000, and in 1881 (bfWOOO. General Now? Summary. - Mr. Tilden was sixty-seven years old on February 10. - Horatio Seymour's health is failing. He will bo seventy one in May. - The wboat crop of Kentucky is said to be in an excellent condition. - An eighty foot in length whale was captured a few days since off Port Royal. - Colonel Richa.dKon, of Misaisaippi, plants 15,000 acres of cotton every year. .>- A young man who knows says tbat from court to caught is but a shortstop. - During the year 1880 4,94? miles of new railroad were built ic this can try. - Ten thousand through passengers arrived in Jacksonville, Fla., since Octo ber 22. - Messrs. Moody and Sankoy will commence work in New Orlcous in March. --Mr. William H. English was not iavitcd to attend the inauguration cere monies. - Congress voted $80,000 for seeds for Congressmen to distribute among tboir friends. - The factory ut Atlanta, Ga., now consumes from 100 to 180 bales of cotton per creek. - The University of Pennsylvania has couferred tho degree of LL. D. on Presi- j deut Garfield. - There aro two hundred and sevouty three patients in the North Carolina Lu natic Asylum. - The Texas Houae has voted down the proposition to exempt manufacturers from taxation. - A single business houso of Greens boro, N. C., has bought 250,000 rabbit skins this season. - Prices of stock aro depressed in At lanta. Mules heve fallen twenty per cent., in the past, month. - It is said that the United States and Russia are endeavoring to reduce tho English influence in Egypt. - Turkey has ordered 30,000,000 cart ridges from tho United States, to be de livered io the next ninety days. - The Young Men's Christian Asso ciation of Mobile, Ala., bas ?-00 tn embers, of whom seventy five are Indica. - Friends of Stanley Matthews say that Mr. Garfield will rvnomiuate him for Justice of thc Supreme Bench. - It is estimated that a freight train now enters New York every fifteen min utes, each train averaging 35 cars. - Tho receipts of colton in Augusta uiaco September 1 aggregate 80,923 bales more than at tho Baute dato last year. - The British were defeated last Sat urday in an engagement with the Boers in South Africa, and General Colley killed. - John Farrington shot and instantly killed Fred. Harper, of Atlanta, at Char lotte, N. C., lust Tuesday, for the seduc tion nf bis ni Bier. - The New Jersey Legislature has de cided to send a battalion of her volunteer troops to represent that Slate at the Yorktown Centennial. - The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company bas brought two suits for $500.? 000 each against thu Pennsylvania Rail road Company for damages. - General Garfield has received 1,700 written applications fur office Besides these there ..re about 250,000 patriots non preparing applications. - The Sparlunburg and Asheville Railroad, which is to be sold on the first Mondav in April, under a mortgage for 9350.000 or $400,000, cost a million. - The bullet which was shot into Billy Carter, at Clorburne, Texab, did not hurt him much, but the powder ignited his clothing und be burned to death. - Tho government work at the mouth of St. John's River, Fla., is progressing, and it is said that it will make that River one of the most important in thc Union. - Senator Brown, of Georgia, is de scribed no one of the speakers whoBo Jradical thoughts seem ever to fit a sub ed as if he hud made it a special study. - The cocking main between North and South Carolina, on the one side, and Georgia n the other, comes off at Colum bia, 22d of March. The main is fur $1,000. - Tho North Carolina Lcgialni.'.o baa refused to make an appropriation for the expenses of tho North Carolina troops who propose to attend the Yorktown Centennial. - The census shows that there are 883,298 more men than women in the United States. Singular that a large country like this has nut vernen onough to go around. - H i s cock-, of New York, is s/ud to be in better trim for the Speakership race than any of the candidate:!. He bas the nippon o: -bo Republicans of the New York delegation. - Thirty-six successivo shocks of earthquake have occurred at St. Michael's, in the Azores. One church and two hundred houses have fallen in, and sev eral persons killed. - The Maine House of Representa tives has unanimously voted for tho ex pulsion o' Thomas B. Swan, ono of its members, who bas been accused of cer tain swindling operations. - The original official copy of tba Constitution of Wisconsin cannot be found, and the great Senl of the Stito ls so deuced by long is.mi ire that its impres sion can hardly be deciphered - Msnv <if thrti? wno went dows to sea in great ships during the month of Decoruuor never stopped iii! they got to the bottom. Tho losses foot up sixteen steamers and 203 Failing vessels. - The eldest son of the Crown Prince Frederick William, of Prussia, and {?randson of Queen Victoria, was married as* Sunday in Berlin to tho Princess Augusta Victoria, of Holsteln-Augusteu burg. - The Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company bas bought a controlling in? terest in the Philadelphia, Wilmington and Baltimore Railroad, which gives tbs B. & O. Road an uninterrupted route to New York. - Since the Republicans have gather ed strength in Tennessee there hat been an unparalleled outbreak of lawlessness in tho Stale. The desperadoes seem to recognize the acquisition of power by their friends. - It ls remarkable how much of good can bo found to say of a man after be is dead. A skinflint died in this State not long ago and numerous virtues were squeezed out of b's cr-izviory by the power ot tho printing prc.-s. m - The mails bring the harrowing de* tails of ibo catastrophe at the burning ef the St. Patrick's Orphanage at Scranton, Pa., Saturday before last, in v/bich seven teen inmate?, fourteen boys and three girls, were suffocated. - James Franklin's old printing press, at which bis brother Benjamin worked as an apprentice, is on exhibition at the Old South Church, Boston, lt is now the Sropcrty of tho Massachusetts Charitable [echanic Association. - The statement before the French Agricultural 8oclcty tbat the United States bad decided to forbid the importa tion of French wines on tbs ground tbat they are deleterious to health is looked opon outside of the Society aa . joke. I - At ft gambling house in a seciiids'-rt, place, between Fon Wiags?xand Bamo -1 Spring?, N. M., Tuesday, four men ?nd the two proprietors got into a fight over a game of cards, which resulted in all being killed, each man being shot several times. - The Washington correspondent of the Now York Herald say? : "It ls aode nisble that in tbs new Senate the Ropub licaus will be stenger in debating loree than their opponents, while in the House the Republfcnns aro weakened on the whole and tho Democrats strengthened." - A Boston, Mass., man, Thomas W. Duuham, who is making tarred cotton rope on an extensive scale for cables, etc., is seeking a Southern location, where he will be convenient to bnth cotton and tar, and writes to Commis.. MILT Butler to know if any place in South Carolina will suit him. - A New York robe and cloak house employs a beautiful girl, the daughter ol a :<nloon keeper, to act as an animated "dummy" on which to duptay the arti* cte? for sale. She ha? a queenly style, and everything she wears Bhows to the best advantage Her salary ia 'orty dol lars a week. - A young Catawba Indianfnamed Allen liai ri? waa cut and stabbed tc death near Rock Hill recently iu a whis key row originating in a disreputable house. Jumes Duffie, Hampton Owen? and John Perdue, all white, have been arrested and locked in jail charged with the murder. - Mr, George 1. Senoy, tho benevolent New York banker, bas given to .he M, E. Church sixteen lota and $200,000, willi which to found a Methodist general boa Eitel in New York, which, however, shal o open lo Jew and Gentile, Protestan! and Catholic, heathen and infidel on tb? same terms. - The reunion of tho Society of th< Army and Navy of tbe Confederati 8tates for Maryland, which tonk place ir Baltimore on tho 22nd of February, wai an interesting occasion. Speeches wen made by General? Wade Hampton, W H. P. Lee, Bradley T. Jobuson and Dab ney H. Maury. .< - A minister commenced his acrmoi by observing, "What shadows we arel' and then paused as if to let the though aink deeply into tho4minds of the congre gation, whereupon two lean spinster? in i trnnt pew guessed that they didn't coin there to bo insulted, aud god up am strode indignantly out. - Hon. Chas. O'Connor, the distin guiahrd lawyer, hos been interviewed n the Irish question. Ho said that th Irihh outcry agaiust British op premio undoubtedly was warranted, but tho Americans have not time to interfere that we have enough lo do "in cbeekin the growth of governmental evils i home." - There is trouble with the colore brother nt Fair Haven, N. J. The co ored pr nie there burnt their own sehnt house cause it was an old one tnugl by a . ored teacher, aud they .wanted l send t.. jir children tn n new uno built f< the whites. The consequence is thc now hav'nt auy,*{and aro shut out ei tirely. - Jay Gould is willing to bo put c record as saying that the end of tl money stringency is in sight; that pu lie confidence is not shaken ; that huye are numberless, and prices will ad van with a rueh. A quieter feeling was i ported from country banks, and tl opinion of the bank otneers is that tl worst is now over. - An Englishman, now sojourning the neighborhood of Columbus, a gentl man of extensive observation, after rea ing th? annual report of the Eagle ai Phenix Company, remarked that if su report were made to tho stockholders a Manchester mill, they would regard as chimerical as a tal? from the Aurabi Nights.-Columbus {(ta.) Sun. . - Some wag, says tho Washingt j Star started the story a little while HI I that street esra are now running in t I city of Jerusalem, and the papers i printing tho statement ss an item genuino nows, whereas lhere is not street in the city wido enough to ?ceo modate an ordinary track, and if a rc were built there would be no bunin for it. - In a house on the suburbs of al waukee, Wis., a family hos been disc? ered consisting of a mother, ill iu I with a new born babs dead by her si and four children, from two to ten ye of age. They had been without food two days, except tho scraping? of & sr barrel which bud once been used in c rying slops. The father, Earnest Li is in jail a wai ti ug* trial for thc theft an old harness. - Tbe building for the University :olored people, wbicli is in cou rao erection at Helena, Ark., will, have ci when completed, $36,000. Tho P=at< Union, in whose hands tho enterprise proceeding, expects to complete < wing, at a cost of $10,000, by Octobci The school was originally designed the education of preachers and teach hut its scopo will not be restricted to t object. - In Florida the value per acre cleared land is $9.48, and of timbe land $3.03. In Louisiana cleared lar worth $14.36. and timbered lund $3 In Texas cleared land is worth $8.98, i limbered land $4. lu Arkansas clef land in valued at ?11.78, and timbi laud ut ?3.48. In Oregon cleared lat ( worth $21.71, and timbered $4.50. in Nebraska ?band land ia worth $f and timbered lund $25.85 per acre. - A special dispatch from New Y which lacks confirmation, says that Gould bas offered tho management of World to Henry Watterson, editor proprietor of the Louisville Chu: Journal. He is to provide suffic financial backing for tba Warbt tn Mr. Watterson to launch out sufficie to entirely rc\^ '*e the paper am spend as much ninney as is needed tc tue news. Mr. Watterson baa not accepted. - There are now in attendance at University of Georgia 175 studi Thc finest of the University buildinj tho Moore building, which was ?re and donned tn the State for th* Un aity by the city ot Athens, at a co $2-5,000. The physical departmen thu second floor contains an nm phil ter capable of sealing 200 students, room can easily be darkened whe quired for experiments necessitating exclusion of light. - Speaking of the proposed reel: tion of Lake OLeechobee, in Floridi drainage, a process which is expect? add 12,000,000 acres of sugar lands t State's arabio wealth, the Macon I Telegraph and Messenger saya tho "will bo simply the residuum fror crop? of successiyb ages of decomi ?;r&u?a,? wanting density and pos?t nfiammability. , \i it will burn t limestono substratum ?it ought to tx sible to utilise it for fuel. - The surviving citizen soldiers < Mexican war number 6,000; wi 1,000; surviving soldiers of the rc army, who fought io Mexico. 2,700 viving soldiers and widows of the '. Hawk war, 200 ; surviving soldier widows of the Creek aud Florida 3,400; making a total of 13,300. proposed pensioning of these sur I HTUI not cort to exceed $1,385,900.,? for probably twelve or thirteen yean. The Government andjtbe people cats afford to pay thar:. itirtittl"'' ' -***-"*.???$ - Tho Germana bave started a society in Philadelphia for tho purpose of or ganizing a colony on an extensive scale aa a Held for German mechanics, trades? men and farmers emigrating lo the Uni* ted States. They are already provided with the requisite capital. They propose to buy up a tract of land in some of the Southern States, and when that is ac complished they will have their agents in Germany to provide the requisite facili ties and to give all necessary information lo families attiring to occupy them. - Thejexperiment of a railroad on ice, tried successfullyjast.winter in Canada, has recently ?been imitated at the Russian capital. A road was laid on the ice from Cronstadt tokOranlenbaum, and ita open* ing to traffic marked with great festivi* - ties. The first train, bearing a gala party of officcrs^and their friends, stopped mid way nf tho road while a service of prayers was held. Next day the road waa thrown ..pen to tbe transportation of tho 54,000 tons of merchandise which had accumu lated anice tbe.closing of navigation. - Last year 68,477 persons were or -aigncd in the Polico Comte of New York city for various.crimes, and 46,358 of them were held to answer.^. The fines collected amounted tc $53,622. The New York Tribune states that, estimating the population at 1,200, OOO, one out of every 450 persons was held for a felony, one out of 155 for a misdemeanor, and one of 33 for minor offenses, and one out of 17} persons was under arrest, and nearly ono out of 27 was held foi some violation of tho law. Reform is needed in New York. -. Speaking of the State debt of JLou iniana, the New Orleans Democrat says : Under the provisions of the new Consti tution the debt, in case all consolidated I bonds are exchanged for four per cent. I bonds, would amount to $8,870,550, re quiring the sum of $355,182 annually for interest. Collections for the interest fund already amonnt to $355.225.83, or more than enough to pay the interest.for 1880 upon the whole amount of tboStoto debt refunded under the provisions of tho new Constitution. The surplus, $43.83, doubtless goes to tbe support of public schools. - Colonel Tom Buford, the Kentucky aisassin of Judge Elliott, is still in a lunatic aavlum, where he was sent after l.t. -.. III.. I Tkn ?t-l-l_. L- lt.- 1 ..... ?.. m.MC ["V ?.5ia0-| Ol Kio IU" stitutinn say that he bas a growing men tal malady/probably softening of the brain; but the Colonel himself says: "Lunatic, the devil I- I'm no lunatic. ' Your own mind is not"ono whir belter halanced than mine ot this moment. The plea of insanity in my case waa simply adopted to cover tho great crime of the courts. I wanted to try tho case upon Its merits. I made tho issue with my lifo in the balance, and I would have 'atighcd at a death'sentence." Ho looks r^buet and talks connectedly. - Fuel bas been so scarce in Minne sota during tbe recent snow blockades that mnnylamilies have burned hay and untbreshed wheat, and Appleton, a vil lage of 400 to 500 people, aid not have more than half a cord of wood and two or three tons of coal last week tn tbe whole town. In other places two or three families bavo crowdrxl into one honso and burned tho vacated dwelling. Tbe railroad cuts on tho smaller roads were lovel above the telegraph poles, and filled up as fast as they could be shoveled out. A Minneapolis and St. Louis passenger train was snowed in for a fuii week in spito of all that six engines?.and sixty men could do. - Mr. Moody spoke, inJone of his San Francisco exhortations, of the fate of those pesons who, though otherwise good, were not regenerated by divine grace. Ho referred feelingly to bis grandmother, who had died unconverted, saying : "Although sbe .was good and (rind, and dearly loved by me, 1 fear oho has met with the reward of all wbo die ncc owning Christ. I_know sho is in hell." At that moment a young man near the front arose and walked down the aisle toward the door. ''There is a gen tleman," said the revivalist, "who is tired of listening about Christ. He is going straight to bell." The object of ibis rebuke, turned and said in a quie^, clear voice : "Well, is there any message I can take to your grandmother, Mr. Moody?" - It ia rennrted that tho Texan State Scnnio hos passed the following resolu tion : Whereas, Our civilization owes to ibo Hebrew race the exponent of our re ligion and tho basis of our laws, and by those indissoluble bonds we must bo for ever bound with Israel alike in his pros perity or bis misfortnne, n his joys or in his sorrows ; and, wheres*, the genius ol our Government is "human freedom," which it is our mission to establish at home and favor abroad ; therefore, re solved, that our Senators in Congress be Instructed, and our Representatives re quested to do whatever in their discretion may seem best to bring tbe moral weight of the Government and the people of thc United States upon the Government and the people of the German Empire, foi the relief of the Jews from any oppres sion, for their complete equality and foi that'full recognition tn which they arc i ? . .i t__i-_r..i _-...>. Ieutmtro) ay men nuiiutnui ins.ut j, tuen tnorvolous unity, their far-reaching ac tivities, their tolerance, benevolence anc fidelity to the institutions under wbicl they live wherever they aro found. - A Washington letter of Tuesday night says : "At a dinner given th fi evening at Wormley'a by Mr. Fraol Hurd, of Ohio, to twenty or twenty-fivi members of Congress, to talk over th future of the question of tariff reform, i was determined to form a 'Free Trad Congressional Alliance/ to act togetbo in the next Congress and in tho countr at large for the furtherance of a reduc lion of tho tariff to a strictly revenu basis. Most if not all the gentleme; present are members not only of tb present bot of the next House of Reprc sen tail ve*. Tho question of action oi the tariff a?:d of i ti forming and itiGucnc ing public opinion in favor.of a revenu tariff was freely discussed, and it was dc termined to form the 'Congressional Al lianee' aa rs permanent and active bod Mr. 8. S. Cox was made President of tb Alliance; Mesera. W. R. Morrison, e Illinois, J. G. Carlisle, of Kentucky, E G. Mills, of Texas, J. Randolph Tuckei of Virginia, and Proctor Knott, of Ker tucky, agreed to act as vice-Presidents and Messrs. N. J. Hammond, of Goorgit John F. House, of Tennessee, E. ? Bragg, of Wisconsin, Benjamin Lo Fe? ? of Ohio, J. ?. a Blackburn, of Ken tacky, and Riehard W. Townsend, t Illinois, agreed to act as Directors. Al these are members of the next Congres! The objects of this organization aro t spread information on tsr.ff abase among the people bf correspondence an by the circulation af docuroents and t ait in concert in Congress to promote tb re !brm of the tariffand its reduction to strictly revenue basia The intention 1 --.pressed to make tho Allfsoce an aetiv mid regressive body, and the geotlomc composing the organization believe tbi >,ith proper labor they can aufi?c?enti attract attention to the question to rook