Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY E. B. MURRAY & CO. ANDERSON, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING, JOLY 22, 1880, i ? . ; jj! ' VOtUME ^yi^-^Nb. 2. i'KUURESS OF THE STATE. The Resows** ?r.rt Vronp-seto of South Car olin?-A lt?view of Her Fortunes ?ad Hia fortunc? Since th? Vf mr, and of the Cnaa?? have th mt Helped Her Restoration. P. IT. ZMI?WH fa iVanJt Leslie't Newspaper. To appreciate what has been accotn EHobed si QUO i860, and to understand ow well grounded are the pr?sent an ticipations of continued progress and in creasing prosperity, it is necessary to do v cribo briefly the fosses tho State bas sus tained and tbe gigantic difficulties which have been already overcome. The value of the real and personal property ;n South Carolina in 1860, according to the United States cens?a, was $607,818,288. Iii 1869, only nine year? later, the entire value of tho real and personal property, as assessed for taxation by the State Government, was $168,481,563. At this time gold was at thirty premium, so tbat the gold value of tb< 'entire taxable property of South Carolina was less than $180.000,000. The toes in nine yean in actual money value reached, therefore, the enormous sum of $477,818,283. In this is included, of course, tho loas by the emancipation of tho slaves :' but there was a deprecia tion of over $120,000,000 in the value of real estate, alone. The banks were in solvent;, tbe railroads were worn out; littlo remained save tho land and such uutbuitdiogs as bad escaped the torch o? invading armies. It is doubtful that the extent of theil disaster was realized by the people ol the Btato. The ' negroes were still here, and excluding the value of their incre ment as .property from the account, it was evidently cheaper to hire negroef than to own them. In hiring free uegroes the whole expense .is for waget and food. There are no women or chil dren or aged persons te support. Then are no doctors bills to pay. If the la borer dies there is no loss of capital or tho part of his employer. These things ' no doubt, encouraged* the people to re . sumo their agricultural operations, wit! 110 other change than was involved ir having freedmen instead of slaves tc work their crops. Tho high price o cotton was a great temptation. Thc*, who had sold their cotton satisfactorily five or six years before in slave time ai six or seven cents' a pound, saw m difficulty in quickly realizing a furtum when the ?tapio was selling at thirty and forty cents. The raiotako was ii not taking into account tho difference ii tlie efficiency of the labor, the disturb anees caused by political agitation, tin inflated price of provisions, tue high rat of interest and the onerous commission and expenses charged by those who mad advances to planters. Year by year, with occasional fluctua lion?, cotton steadily fell in price, am the result of the agricultural operation of tho six or seven years from 1866 t 1873 wau widespread failure and crobar rassment both for the farmers and plan tera, and for those who had provided cap ital for them. It should bo noted that the difficultic of tho agricultural as well as the mercar tilo classes were aggravated by the intol cm neu and extravagance of tht State got ernment. For the ten years prior to 186 thc annual expense or conducting th Slate Government was $400,020. In th year 1872 the Legislative expenses an the salaries, of Stato .officers aion amounted to' over $800,000', ana in 187 the cost of the publie pria ting was $331 OOO. Otherwise stated, tho expet ditures for salaries, public asylums nn sundries, were $261,000 in 1865, tho Ia year of tb old State Government, and i 1872 amounted te $1,356,000. Five y*?i nf Republican rule cost South Carolin o er$22,000,000, including taxes amouu ing to $8,825,000. It is not strange, ther fore, that the number of delinquents wi enormous, lu the yeara 1872 and 187 no I ens than .848,657 acres of land, equi to 1,826 square miles, we.e sold by, 1 forfeited to, the State 00 account or iii paid taxes. This, too, waa in on twenty-two of the thirty-two counties i tho State. One acre in every niuetci acres of land in tho otate was in the two years confiscated under tho guise taxation I The State could go no lower. Thope nie in 1874 touched bottom. . They h learned by experience tbat they nit keep within their means; that .they mi pay attention to making their own pro' fiona ; that they must diversify their ero and redouble their efforts to raise li stock. The rule bad been to r?tsc cott to the practical exclusion of everylbi else. Inexorable necessity had ni taught the people that their maxim tm be to "make bread and meat Grut and c ton last." They were encouraged, lil wine, by a decide improvement in t tendencies of the Irate Government, a were inspired with u?'whope by the pro iso of reform under tho administration Governor Chnmbferlitju. Additional bi was given theniey ino ctrcumatanco tl thc declinadn tho.price.cf provisions exceeded the decline in tho price of c ton. In Janu?ry,1865, middling coll wa-t quoted in Charleston at 15 cen corn $1.20 a bushel ; flour, (N. and super) $11 per barret ; Western rib sii lill and 14 couta a'pound. In Janus ' 1874, cotton ivas still quoted at 15 cei while corn bad fallen to 06 cents, iii tn ??&.50 a barrel and bacon to 9 cent pound. ? From 1874 to 1876 the State at le held its own, and the result of tho St election in the fail of the last named y gave a fresh start to industry. It g the people as well the assurance of j and equal government aa of security Dersbo and property. There was li kev air instant decrease in taxation. Ct paring tho expenses of the State gov? ment ns met ty taxation for the yt 1876-7 and 1877-8 with the four previ ?'oars under Republican rule, it is ca' ated tbat the saving to the people arno ted to nearly one million and a half < lars a* year, as tho -first result of election of a Democratic State govi ment. Indeed, in 1877-8 the whole {tense of the State government in ei Mranch-exclusive of the interest ou publie debt and the appropriation public 8cbtiois--w? $343,723, whic lesa than tho average annual expenso d. r the ?tame head from 1850 to the br? ing out ot the war. It was Bhown als report* of the judges and the State so tors rh ai in ibe years 1877 and 1 thurn wera only two cases of crime c mined by white persons against coi pemou*. The records of every cot chowed that crimea had decreased I in number and degree. Punishn swiftly and surely followed e 'ery off? Th? pardoning power was th* long shield to the criminal classe?. Ju; still was blind, but Mercy saw ext* ting circumstance^, which gave ?? of tunny for ajvdioiousdisplay of ExvW clemency. '.In.1877 ?nd 1878, of "eig one persona who were pardoned by < ernor Hampton sixty-two were col persons. From 1876 to the present time 1 in tho Slat? have slowly but steadily proved iu value. The pcopio aa a v, aro better off than Ht any previous pince 1865. They ?re generally o debt, They know how to* work sue fully under tho now condition, and have learned how to take advantage of new opportunities. Two ezamph:* will illustrate the progress which has been nin.de. 1. There are in South Carolina aeren* teen cotton factories with 95.938 spindles and 1,983 looms. They produce 101,888 yarda of cloth and 17,488 pounds of yarn for each working dar, ana consumo for each such day 54,894 pounds of cotton. They employ 2,612 operatire*, who eup-. port 8,148 persons. Thc capital tmploy ed amounts to $2,293,600. The profits, range from 18 to 50 per cent, oakthe cap ital invested. For thew who believe in tho economic principle of "hi 'nging 'be mills to the cotton," tbere are opportunities in South Carolina that cannot be surpass ed in any otber State of the union. Tbo water-power in the middle and upper count's, of the State is immense-'enough to turn the spindles of all the cotton mills in the United Stales. At Trotter's Shoals, on theBaraunah River, Abbevillo county, there are twenty-one miles of water-power, with only a singlo ancient grist and saw-mill 1 At Mountain 8boals, on Eunoree River, Spartauburg county, ibero isa fall in tbe riverof 125 feet in the distanco of one mlle. At thia poitl tbere is only one grist and flouring mill. All .through the State there ia abundant water-por.'-.>r, with available sites for the establishment of cotton manufactories, offering an open fluid to the enterprise and capacity of tbe world. 2. Tbe Sea Islands of South Carol inn, which appeared to he ruined beyond re demption, are so improved by the new system ol' subsoil drainage and heavy ma nuring that lands on the islands range in value from $40 to $200 an ame. On James Island, near Charleston, last year ono planter realized a net profit of $100 nn acre, after expending $80 an acre for fertilizers, labor and ginning. This wiil give an idea of what bas been done, and is at the same time a happy omen of the future. South Carolina abounds in timber. There is an almost inexhaustible supply of pine, hickory, walnut, maple, cedar, poplar and other woods, valuable for UBB and ornnrrif.t. The forests abound in game. Fish aro found in all tbe streamt> j of the interior, and aro brought iu regu lar supply from the rivers and banks near I the sea. Pisciculture is receiving system ! stic attention, and young salmon, shad ! sod other fish are being distributed by I tbo commissioner of agriculture. The climate corresponds w,itb that of tho south ? of France ana Italy, and even in tho low country perfect health may be enjoyed with proper care for personal cleanliness and regular living. The climate, too, is strikingly uniform, being neither so hot nor BO cold as in thc North and West. Cotton is grown in every part of the State up to tko very Blopes of tho mountains on the borders of the State. The yield ranges from 200 to 400 pounds of ginned or commercial cotton an acre. South Carolina rice is tho finest known in com merce, and its culturo ia exceedingly profitable. The prairies of the Cheal West do not give a larger yield of corn than cnn be obtained in South Carolina Over 100 bushels of corn to the acre hav< frequently been raised, sud aa much ai 200 bushels have been made. The aver' age is 25 bushels of corn per acre, lt busbelsof wheat, 20 bushels cf oatsnr rye and 40 bushels of barley. Scientific farming is largely increasinj the average crop. For instance, it ba been established that on the light sandy lands of the lower part of the State which sell for four or fivedollarsan acre there can be mnde from 40 to 60 bushel of oats to the acre, from 20 to 30 bushel of wheat or two crops of fine hay. Thi is effected by fertilizing with the cow-pei and a mixture of phosphate of lime am calcined marl. The cost does not excee* $15 an acre, and the creregc set prof] will run from $10 to $16. It is easy to re that there is no need to "go /Vest" whs so large and sure returns can be made ii I a State like South Carolina, where th marketa are within easy reach, and th newcomer enjoys advantages which cac not be had in a newly-settled State. Besides cotton ano: rice, the usual prc duction are tobacco, sorghum, hemp, fla: indigo, hops and all kinda of small grai and peas. The grape grows luxuriantly and excellent wino is made in Darlington Aiken and other counties. Fruits cf c cry kind reach a high state of perfectioi On the coast near Charleston the cult vation of tho strawberry js an importai branch of trade, as well as the growth < potatoes, peas, cucumbers, loraatoe beaus, asparagus and garden vcgetabl generally. The value of fruits and reg tables raised around Charleston evei year i.. about $500,000. Expcrimen show that tho tes plantean begrown su cecsfuUy, also the olive. In regetabl South Carolina can grow almost whs over can bc grow:, in any garden in tl World. Tlie mineral wealth of the State evi now is not fully appreciated. Iron found in Union, Spartauburg, Oreen vii and Pickens co un tie?. Tbere is gold these same countle?,_aEd also in Abt ville, Lancasierand XOrk. Sovereign mines are in successful operation. Le is found in Pickens county and cope . in York, Spartauburg and Pickens. I sides these, South Carolina bas meng nese, bismuth, plumbago, soapstone, co black lead an asbestos. There ia al granite of tho finest grain, as wei? sandstono, burr-stone, flag-stone and n te ri als for pottery and porcelain clay. Tho disenvp.ry r.f tho yaltj?ynf th? ph' phatio rock or nodules as a fertilizer tc place iu 1866, and wea of rast benefit the low country directly and to tba wb State indirectly. The total production far is 1,500,000 tons, worth $9,000,0 The accessible deposits corer 10.000 act estimated to contain 5,000,000 tons of rc worth at about the present prices, $i 000,000. The yield to the acre is at le 500 tons, making lands which wera aim worthless for agricultural purposes cc mand wbat would have been deemec fabulous price. Tho rock ia found In beds of tbe rivers as weil as on land,. the State Government has received royalty on tho tock mined in rirers "i navigable streams over half a mill dollars. The exports of phosphate ri amounted last year to 210,884 tons, i 40,000 tocus of commercial fertilizers, ? Carolins rock as the basis, were.manu! lured last year by the factories arm Charlearon. These factories hare a c itel of b?tweer. $500 000 and $800,0? The railroad*, which were la a terri dilapidated condition ten or twelre y< ago ore now in good order and project \Vmtcrn connections that will chea bread-stuffs and provisions, and r new lifo through the arteries of tho St Foremost among tba public work tho graud system nf jetties in Charlo Karhor, undertaken by lb*4 Nalh Government, and confidently expc< by' the Government englrleers to incr she. depth of water on the bar to twei five or twenty-six feet, making Charle the fine-it harbor on tho South Atla coast. Renewed attention ls given to rai factures since the profitable characU cotton spinning io the Stat? has I !;encral!y known. Three or four 1 udorie* have been organized within last twr> mouths, sod Columbia, the < t.tl of tho State, is now looking for to the speedy commencement of oj ??. .LU -r'i tiona by ncompaa/ of Northern capital ists, wno under a grant from tba ?tate, propose to pul ap factories with 26,212 spindles on the looa neglected water power of the Columbia Canal. Hie public schools of Charleston will compare most favorably *vith similar institutions in the larger Northern cities, end afford thorough instruction ia the iower and middle branches to nearly 7, 000 pupils. The Charleston College fur nishes the means of higher ?ducation. The last Legislature provided for tho opening, in October, of the 8tate Agri cultural College, a branch of the State University. Claflin University, at Or angeburg, is also a branch of Uns institu tion, ana is devoted exclusively to the education of the colored people. In ad dition to there colleges there are a num ber of denominational institutions in tba State-Erskine College at Due West, Associate Reformed Presbyterian ; New berry College at Newberry, Luthciau ; Wofford College at Spartanburg, Metho dist; Forman University at Greenville, Baptist ; Adgcr College at Walhalla, Peabyterian. There are alto lemale colleges at Williamston, Greenville, Due West and Columbia. Military academies are in active operation at Yorkville and Greenville. All of these schools aro un der the coutrol of able and experienced professors, and maintain a high standard of scholarship. The total attendance ia tbe public schools of the State last year was 122,463-wbite 58,368, colored 64, 095. It would take more time than I can give, and moro space than you can spare, to describe fully the valid and cogout reasons for my unshakea faith iu the future of South Carolina. I have said enough, I trust, to show that the State bas overcome difficulties which seemed to be insurmountable. That she has largely improved her position in evory department of agriculture and manufac tures, the corner-stone of the social and industrial fabric, and that, with the assurance bf just, equal and economical government and low taxation-with the public debt settled in accordance with tbe decision of the Supreme Court c i tho State; with tbe public school system enlarged and improved, and an iucrease of 40 percent, in the average attendance of the pupils; with the peaceful aud con tented disposition of tbe colored people and the white to command success there is no thiog to prevent-South Car et'na from becoming apowerful and wealthy State; not growing up in a night like Jonah's gourd, but built up stone by Btone and course by course, solid, mascive and enduring. Tlie Last Battle of tho Revolution. Dr. Alexander Anderson, the father ol wood engraving in this country, died ir Jersey City, in 1870, a few weeks before bis ninety-fifth birtiiday. He waa born in New York two days after the skirmish at Lexington, and bad vivid recollection! of tonio of the closing events, of thc Revolution in that city. From his lip! the writer heard many narratives of tbost stirring scenes. One of them was ar account of the last battle bf the R?volu tion, of which young Anderson, theo : boy between eight aud nine yearn of age was an eye-witness. Anderson's parents lived near the foo of Murray street, not for from the Hud son River. There were very few house between them and Broadway. Opposite Anderson's dwelling was a boarding house kept by a man named Day. Iii wife was a comely, strongly built womal about forty years of age, and possessed i brave heart. She was au ardent Whig and, having courage equal to her convie tions, she uevcr concealed ber t-cnti ments. On the morning of the dav (Novembe 25, 1783,) wheo the British troops wer to evacuate the city of New York, am leave America independent, Mrs. Da unfurled her .country's flag over be dwelling. The British claimed the rig! to hold possession of the city until noo that day. Cunningham, tho notoriou British provost-marshal, was informed < this impudent display of the "rebi banner" in the presence of British troop and sent a sergeant to order it to be take down. Mrs. Day refused compliar.ee. At about niue o'clock in the murnini while young Anderson was sitting on tl Enrch of his father's boure, and Mr lay was quietly sweeping in front of hi own, he saw a burly, -red-faced Erith offirir in full uniform, with a powdere wig, walking rapidly down the stree He baited before Mrs. Day, and rough inquired ; AWho hoisted that rebol flag?" "I raised that flag," coolly answer* Mrs. Day, looking tbe angry officer fu in the face. "Pull it down I" roared the Briton. "I shall not do it," firmly answer Mrs. Day. "You don't know who I am," negri growled the officer. "Yes I do/' answered the courageo woman. Cunningham (for it was ho) seised t halyards, ?ind attempted to pull down t flag, when Mrs, Day flew at bim withb broom, and beat him BO severely over t head that Ehe knocked off his bat, a made the powder fly from his wig. saw it shine Uko a dim nimbus arou his head io tho morning sun,'? said A demon. Cunningham was au Irishman, detest bv everybody for his r.runltw tn Americ prisoners in' his charge. Mrs. Day h often seen him. He stormed and awi and tugged in vaia at tho halyards, they had become entangled; and M Day applied the broomstick so vhzorou: that the blustering pr?vost-marshal v compelled to beat a nasty retreui, ???v? tho American flag floating in tho cr November air over the well-dcfcuc Dav castle. ' ' This was the last battle between j British and Americans in the old war Independence.-Benton J. Louing. - It isn't every orator who has I self-possession sud the control over audience that a military officer rccon exhibited. A flag bad been presentee the battalion in the presence of a la cumber of persons and with the ort dbx speech. -The officer, in the usmc his comrades, received the standard, i was in the midst of bis reply wheo th wes s dUisrb?c?o in tho crowd, and attention of the auditors was tur from the speaker entirely. Facing command, lie cried, "attention, bat ion!" and in an instant attention ' secured, and soldiers and citizens awa further commands. Then the officer sumed his remarks, and hold his bea spell-bound to the end. A Foo i. ONCE MOKE-For ten yean wife was confined to her bed with s a complication of ailments that doctor could tell what wac the ms cr cure her, and I used up a small tune in humbug stuff. Six months a saw a U. 8. flag with Hop Bitters OJ and I thought I vould oe a fool < more. I tried it, but my folly proved t wisdom. Two bottles cured her,, sh now as well and strong as any man's i and it costme only two dollars, I folly pays.-H. W., Detroit, Mich. Pftu. TUE DEMOCRATIC LEADERS. Thc Committee of the Cincinnati Conven tion Walt on Gen. Hancock and Mr. Ensilen on Covcroor'o Xslssd as? M.k? Form?] Tender of the HomlnaUona flor President awid Vioe-Prevldent, which nra Informnlly Accepted. . NEW YOIIK, JULY 18. Gen. Hancock's grandson, named after himself, died this morning from cholera infantum. Thin event has depressed the General, and the committee's visit to ten der the nominatiuun was in ransequence purely formal Mr. English reached Go.ernor's Island at noon and was heartily greeted by Gen. Hancock on the veranda of bi . resi dence. The committee left tbo New York Hotel in a body with the members of the National committee and other visitors. The party proceeded on board the steam er Fletcher, and were landed at Gover nor's Island at 1.40 p. m. Thc 1 party went to Gen. Hnucuck's residence, ana upon being uraercd into the parlors Geo. Stockton, tdd resal ag Gen. Hancock, said : Gen. Hitncoek-I have tho honor to introduce to you Governor Stephenson, chairman of the Democratic National Convention recently assembled at Cin cinnati. 1 have also the honor bf pre senting to you the committee appointed by that body to wait on. yon- auo notify you of your unanimous nomination for the highest office in the gift of the peo ple. It is a source of great satisfaction to tho committee in making their an nouncement to you to say that your nomination was rot secured by solicita tions of personaler political friends, b?U was the spontaneous action of that Con vention, actuated by patriotic duty. One of the ablest and wisest bodies of our countrymen ever assembled has given you this nomination with perfect unanim ity. And, General, since that Conven tion has adjourned we of tbr.t committee have been to our bornes. We have seen our constituents, tho Democratic masses and conservative people of this country, and with one accord they ratify the action of that Convention. So we are bound to believe, as we do, that your election T.ill be au accomplished fact. We cannot doubt, and wo believe, that when the election is over the great principles of American liberty will still bo the inlier itanco of this peoplo, and shall bo forev er. And now in tho name of the National Democratic party, by virtue of the power entrusted to Ibis committee by the Con vention, as its chairman I ba?e the honor to band to tho secretary a com munication in writing informing you officially of year nomination. Gen. Stockton then banded to the secretary of tho committee, Mr. Bell, an address signed by the committee, after which it was handed to Gen. Hancock. In reply the latter said*: Mr. Chairman, and Gentlemen of the Committee : I appreciate the honor conferred upon me by the Democratic National Conven tion lately assembled in Cincinnati, and I thank you for your courtesy in making that honor known to me. As soon as tho importance of the matter permits 1 will prept.ro and Bend to you a formal acceptance of my nomination for tho office of President of tho Uuited States. Those present were introduced to Gen. Hancock, who bad a few words of wel come for each. After a few minutes sport in hand shaking Gen. Stockton, turning to the Hon. Wm. H. English, laid: "Tho Cin cinnati Convention, with a unanimity unparalleled, appointed us as a com* mittee to wait upon you at Ruch time and place as would bo most agreeable Lo you and inform you in person and in writing of your nomination. I now have the honor to present you, on the part - of tho committee and in the name of the Na tional Convention of the Democratic party, the official announcement of your nomination." Mr. English in reply spoke as follows: Afr. Chairnian and Gentlemen of the Committee :. As a practical business man, net much | accustomed to indirection of action or circumlocution of speech, I will say plainly and in alow words thal I accept the high trust which you have tendered me with feelings of profound gratitude, and that I will at an early date formally, and ii. writing, make an acceptance, which, I am informed, is usual on such occasions. In doing this I fully realize tbo great responsibility of the situation, tho care, turmoil, anxiety, misrepresen tation and abase whiob are certain to follow, and I understand thoroughly that all tho resources and power of our political foes from all parts of the land will bo concentrated against us in Indi ana, my native State, whero the first grand battle is to bo fought, and proba bly the most important of all. But these are great occasions when the discharge of high patriotic duties is to be consid ered above all personal considerations, and I shall not disregard'tho unanimous voice of the representatives of the ma jority of tho American people for whom ?ou speak here to-day. [Applause.] am profoundly grateful' for tue high honor which has been conferred, * and I have an abiding faith that with the favor of God and the people we shall succeed in this contest. ? rni__ ??.?-?1,_l._J _ ^ _. .i_ . Auw 0|nKimv, woo o|>|iiituucu nv bun cuu cluslon of his remarks, and then followed soother general handshaking, after which the party again boarded the Fletcher and loft the Island. - Thc Officiai Totten of the O nicer? ot the Convention. NEW YOBK, July 13. . The president and secretary of the Cincinnati Convention have forwarded the following letter to Gen. Hancock and Mr.. English : ' TBE LETTER TO O EN. HANCOCK. JULY 18, 1880. To Gen. W. & Hancock-SiB : The National Convention of the Democratic party which assembled at Cincinnati on the 22d of last month unanimously nominated you aa their candidate for President of the United States. We have been directed to inform yon of your nomination to the exalted trust and request your acceptance. In accordance with be ' uniform cus tom of the Democratic party tbe Ooh vention have announced their views upon the important issues which are before the country in a series of resolu tions to which we invite your attention. These resolutions embody, tho general, principles upon whiob the Democratic Earty demand that the Government shall o conducted, and they also emphatical ly Condemn maladministration by the 8arty in power, its crimes against the Constitution and especially against tho right of tho people to choose an. install their President, which have wrought so much injury and dishonor to the coun try. That which- chiefly inspired your nomination was the fact that you bad conspicuously recognized and exempli fied the yeat'.dng of the American peoplo for reconciliation and brotherhood under thc shield of tho Constitution with all its jealous care and guarantees for the I I tho rights pf persons and States. Your nomination was not made alone because io the midst of arms you illus trated the highest qualities of the sol dier, but because when war hud ended, and when in recognition of your courage and fidelity, you were placed in cum* ma*>d of a part of the Union undergoing the process of restoration, sud while you were thus clothed with absolute power, you used it not to subvert, bat to sus tain the civil laws, and the ri^hti which they were ostabllBuc2 to pro' Your fidelity to these principles, Cnn i foaled lu the Important trusts heretofore confided to your care, given proof that they will control your administration of tho Na tional Government, and assures the country that one indissoluble union of indestructible States, and tba Constitu tion with its wise distribution of power and regard for the boundaries of State and Federal authority, will nol suffer ki your bands: that you will maintain the subordination of the military to the civil power, and will accomplish tho purification of the public service, and especially that the Govern ment which ' we love will I he free from the reproach or stain of sectional agitation or malice io any shape or form. Rejoicing in common with tho masses of the American people upon this bright prospect for the future of bur '?ouutry, we wish also to express to you personal. ly our awi', mee ortho esteem' and con fidence which has summoned you to this high duty, and. will aid in its perfor mance. Your fellow-citizen.*, Jon? W. STEVENSON, President of the Convention. NICHOLAS M. BELL, Secretary. THE LETTER TO HB. ENG LUSH. JUOY 13,1880. lb Hon. Wm. H. Engl?h-D?AH SIR;: By direction of tho Democratic National Convention which assembled at Cincin nati on Juno 22d last,' it becomes our pleasant duty to notify'you that you were unanimously nominated by that body for the office of vice-President of tho Uni ted States. Your large experience in af faira of government, your able discharge of many trusts committed to your hands, your steadfast devotion to Democratic principien, and tho uprightness or your Erivate character, gave assurances to tho democracy that you were worthy and well qualified to perform the duties of that high position, ard commended you to thorn for the nomination which they conferred, while ; your public services well merited thia honor. The action of j the Convention was 110 doubt designed not only to vindicate the appreciation of ofyoutself, but a? well to testify their ?rofouud respect for tho Democracy of udiana, your-nativo State, with whose manly struggles you have been so long identified and in whoso glorious achieve ments you have shared. . Tho Convention set forth its views apon tho leading political issues which are now before tho people in a series cf resolutions, a copy of which we have the honor to present to you, and to which your attention is re spectfully requested. It is our earnest hope that these views may meet with your approbation, and that you will ac cept the nomination which ia now ten dered you. With sentiments nf high esteem we are, respectfully, JOHN W. STEVENSON. President of the Convention. NICHOLAS M. BELL, Secretary. A High Horse Indeed, There arrived io this city yesterday by way of the Hudson Biver Railway .from Albany, and waa conveyed directly to his qua* ?ers, in Houston Street, what is be lieved to be tho largest horse that ha* eyer f?lle? under the eye of an anatomist or jockey-a veritable equine monster besides which animals of the ordinary height are as dwarfs. The animal was bred in Ohio, from our native draught stock, and certainly no region except one of the limestone bases could have developed ouch an enormous equine anatomy. His registered height is twenty hands and one inch, or eighty one inches, being's foot,taller than an average man. His weight is stated to bo 2,450 Eotinds ; but all these points will proba ly be verified to-day by competent vet erinary surgeons. As standing in the stable the color of the animal appears to be a uniform dark bay, without snot or blemish. It should not be judged that this height, although extraordinary, is not altogether unprecedented in horses. At tho Centennial Exhibition in Phila delphia, in 1876, a span of horses was placed on exhibition, each of which was eighteen hands and one loch high. Tho animals were bred ID Canada, and be? came the property of a Philadelphia brewer when tue Exhibition closed. A veterinary surgeon in this city formerly owued a horse that was nineteen hands and ono inch high, a giant in anatomical structure, but be totmd it impossible to correct a certain tendency to emaciation, and tho creature was useless for draught rr road. The late Pope Pi? Nono was the fortunate possessor of one of the largest horses in Europe-au animal eighteen bands and ono inch high, and the Hanoverian stables formerly con tained another of nearly equal height. 80 far as can bo judged, the Ohio mon ster is in perfect health and physical condition; and may live to a good old age, notwithstanding bis abnormal pro? portions. One or the famous European animals mentioned was living at thirty six years of age-a longevity not often attained by horses. The monster in Houston street is ac companied by his owner, but it ls under- j stood he bas been secured by Barnum nt j a price 01 $i,GG0, and viii pre-emly bo piaced Ou exhibition.-New York lime*, j - Children. are great levelers. .Did {?ou ever notice what a contempt tiley lave for social rank. In their opinion tho banker and blacksmith .stand on an equally. Often the blacksmith is tho ?greater and bettor man io their eyes, and ustly so too. They never look at clothes and rank, until over-careful parents In struct them. By natara the little fellows are communists. Who has ever seen aa aristocratic three year old? Fastidious parents sad malden sisters will fret and scold at their associations, but all tte time these little children are bringing parents sud sisters iowa to a level with their neighbors. Tho positive and neg ative poles of society are brought io com munication through the medium cf chil dren. Married people without children ara not In harmony with their kind. They stand alono, looking out on the world in a dazed sort of way, just like a EersoB. unacquainted with-music, would e in the presence of a ind. orchestra. If we are to have communism, let it be. that brought about by'cblldren. - Dr. Farrar, of Brooklyn, says (bat not less thsn half a ton of pure gold, W?rth half a million dollars, is annually Sacked into peoples teeth in tho United tales, and at this rate all the gold in circulation will be buried io the earth in SOO years. - In the London Zoological Society's collection thora is a black-haired spider which c?o stretch itself to several inches in length and eats mice. I GEH, GARFIELD'S LETTED. p tie Accepta tb? Nomination and Aecaptt- fj nlatcs the Prfndplee of Ute Rep dbi lc* a w -_ '3! MBATOB, ,Omo, July 12., ?? General Garfield has forwarded to Sen- n I ator Hoar, of Massachusetts, tbo follow- c ing letter of acceptance of tho nomina- t> tion tendered bim by repr?sentative* of f I the National Convention : MBNTOR, Onto, July 12.. % Dmr Sir: On the evening of the 8th ? ! June last, I bad the honor to receive ? from you, in the presence of A committee r of which you were Chairman, the officiai v announcement that the Republican Na- j tional Convention at Chicago had that t day nominated me for their candidate for. President of the United States. I accept t tho nomination with gratitude for the ? confidence it implies nud with a deep , sep. A of the responsibilities it; imposes. ( ?I cordially endorse tho. principles set , forth in tho platform adopted by the y Convention on nearly all the subjects of < which it teaches. My opinions aro on record among the published proceedings , of Congress. I venture, however, to , make special mention of some cf the , principal topics which are likely to bc- j come subjects of discussion without re- , newing controversies which have been j ?etilen during the last twenty years, and , villi no purpose or wish, to revive the ? passions of the late war. It should be said that whilo Republicana fully recog nise that they will strenuously defend oil ? the rights retained by the people, and all . tlie rights reserved to the States, they rejeot tbo pernicious doctrine of Stale supremacy, which so long crippled the functions of the. National government, and at one .imo brought tho Union very near to destruction. They insist that the United States is a nation with ample power of self-preservation; ,thatits con stitution and the laws made iii pursuance thereof are the supremo laws ol tho land; that tho right of the nation to determine tho method by which its own Legislature Bbal'. bo created cannot bo surrendered without abrogating one of . the funda, medial powers .of the government ; that tho national laws relating to tho election of representatives in Congress shall neither bc violated or evaded ; that every elector shall bo permitted freely and without intimidation to cast his lawful ballot at such election and have it hon estly, counted, and that the potency of bia vote shall not be destroyed by the fraudulent vote of any other person. The best thoughts and energies of our peoplo should bo directed, to those great qu?stio'ne of National well-being in which ali have such common interest. Such c. flor ls will soon restore perfect pcaco to those who wcro lately In arms against each other, for 'justice and good will will outlast passion, but it Is certain that the wounds of the war cannot bo completely bcrJsd and a spirit of brother hood cannot fully perqodo i the whole country until every citizen, rich or poor, white or black, ia secure in the free ana equal enjoyment of every civil and po litical right guaranteed by the Constitu tion and the laws. Whenever the enjoy ment of tbis is bot secured, discontent will prevail/immigration will cease and social and industrial forces will continue to be disturbed by the migration of laborers nod a consequent diminution ot prosperity. The National government should exercise all its constitutional au thority to put an end to these evils, for all the people and all the States are members of one body, and no member can suffer without injury to all. The most serious evils which how afflict the South arise from the fact tb: * thoro is not such *"'c-cdom and toleration of. political opinion that the minority party can excreiso an effective and whole some restraint upon tbe party iu power. Without such restraint the party rule becomes tyrannical'and corrupt. Pros* gorily, which is made 1 possible in the outh by its great adrantage of soil and climate, will nererbo realised until every -voter can freely and safely support any party he pleases. Next in importance to freedom ??ft? justice is popular education, without which neither can be permanently main tained. Ita interests are entrusted to thc States and tho voluntary action of thc ?leonie. Whatever help the nation esr uutly afford should be generously giver to aid the Stages in supporting commOt schools, but it would oe unjust to ou; people and dangerous to our institution! ? to apply any portion of tho revenues 0 tbe nation or of the States totbeauppor of sectional schools. The separation o Church and State in everything relatio] 1 to taxation should be absolute. . On tho Bubjc-.ct of national finnncea my views have*been'so frequently n;n fully expressed that little is needed ii j the way of additional statement. Tb public debt is now so well secured om i the rate of annual interest has been 8 j reduced by refunding, that a rigid econ i omy in the expenditures and a faith fi ? application of our surplus revenues t tho payment of the principal of thc dot will gradually but certainly free tho pee pie from its burdens and close with hone the financial chapter of tbe war. At th samo time, tho government can prov'..'' for all ita ordinary expenditures and dil charge ita sacred obligations to the so diera of the Unioi. and to the widov and orphans of those who fell in ita di fenso. 1 Tho resumption of specie payment which tho Kopubiican party so courag ously and successfully accomplished, b: removed from the field of contraven many questions that long and serious disturbed the credit of the governme and the business of the country. . O paper currency is now as national aa tl ung, ?tiu ?c??i?pi?uu boa oui, un'iy mai it everywhere equal to coin, but h brought into use our store ot gold ai silver. Tho circulating medium is mo abundant than ever before, and we ne only to maintain the equality of all 0 dollars to insure to laoor and capital measure of value, from the use of wbi no ono can . i?r Ices. The great prosperity which, tho cou try is now enjoying should uot be ende Sered by any violent changes or doubt nanda! experiments. In reference to our customs laws Eolicy should be pursued which '? ring revenues to tho treasury arie! ? enable the labor and capital employed our great industries to compete fairly, our own markets with labor and cap] of foreign producers. We. legislate the people of the United States, , not the whole world, and lt is our glory i\ tho Amoricah laborer ia more Tntcllig and better paid '.han h h foreign cc petitor. ' Oar country cannot bo io pendrr.t unless its people with tl abundant natural resources possesses requisite skill at any time to clothe, t and .equip themselves for war, and limo of peace to produce all tbo.net sa ry imp?amente of labor. It was manifest intention of the founders of Sovernment to pr?vido for the coint cfonso,' not by standing armies ah but by raising among tho people a gr cr army of artizann whose tntclllgi end skill should powerfully contribut the safety and glory of the nation. Fortunately for tho interests of c moree there is no longer any formidj opposition to appropriations (br the rovemeat of our harbor* and great uay fmble rivers, provide the expenditures >r that purpoeo art. Jtrlctly limited to ? orks of national importance. Tho Mie? ssJcpi River, With its great tributaries, i oi euch vital importance to many rall ?os of people that the safety of its Bvlgation requires exceptions.! eon*!.' I ration. In order to secure to the nvtfon ie control of its waters, President JejT irson negotiated the pureba of a vast irritory, extending from the, Gulf of l?xico to the Pacific Ocesn. The wis' \ tim of Congress should be invoked to ? Brise some plan by which that ?treat 1 vcr shall erase to be the.terror to Ot?se ho dwell upon Its banks, and by which s shipping may safely carry the indus lal products Of 25,000,000 of people The interests of agricultura, which is ' ie c*ak*of all our material prosperity, ad in which seven-twelfths of our pop lotion are engaged, aa well as the inlet- j ria of manufactures and commerce, de land that facilities for cheap transpos ition shall be increased by tho use of all ir great water courses. , The material interest* of thia country, io traditions of ita roulement and tho mtiment of our people have led the ?veratnent to offer tho widest hospital! r to emigrants who seek our shores: for cw and happier homes, willing to share ie burdens as well aa tho benefits of our iciety, and intending that their poster y shall bocprao an 'Undistinguishable art of our population. - sal } The recent, movement of Chinese ; io .tr Paciflc coast partake? but little of, the italities of euch an ?jilgrtw'on either in s purposes or its results, lt ia too much ko importation to be welcomed without ?triction ; too much like invasion to b/< >oked upon , without solicitude. We' innot consent to allow any form of Ber ilo labor to be introduced among lia uder the guise of. immigration. Recog Iziog the gravity, of this subject tho resent administration, supported by ongress, has sent to Chins a commission F distinguished citizens for the purpose F securing such n modification of the elating treaty aa will prev?nt evils like - to arise from th? present situation, Jt. believed that their diplomatie negotid ons will bo successful, without the loss f commercial intercourse betweo tba TO' powers which' promises a great id ?ease of reciprocal trade and an enlarge tent of our markets'. Should thiess !brt* fs?! it will be the duty of .Congress' i mitigate tho evil? already" felt and rovent their increase by such restric ons as, without vio'enco or injustice, lace upon a sure foundation thc peach F our communities a "! (he freedom anti ignlty of labor. The appointment of citizens to the uious executive and judicial offices of ia government ia, perhaps, tho most dif sult of all tho duties which tho Consti ition has Imposed upon the Executive, be Convention wisely demands that ongress shall co-operate Witt the Ex> :utive Department in placing civil scr ee on a better basis. Experience, ha? roved that with our frequent chancres of lminiatration no system of reform can s sade effective aod permanent without ie aid of legislation. I AppointmcnLa to the, military and ?val service are so regulated by law and istom 'aa to leave but little ground of imnlaint. It may cot bc ilse io hihke milar regulations by law for civil uer! ice, but without invading the authority r necessary dlscratior. of tho Executive ongress should device a method that ill determine the teoure of office sad really reduce the uncertainty which lakes that service so uncertain sad un itisfactory. Without depriving any (Ticer of his rights as a citizen th? gov rnment should require him to discharge ll his official duties with intelligence. Bciency and faithfulness. To select iseiy. from our vast population those ho are best fitted for the macy office? i bo filled required au acquaintance far eyond the ranga of any one man. Tho Executive should therefore seek and re nye information and assistance of those hose knowledge of the communities it? Inch the duties ara to be performed est qualifies them to aid in making the iscst choice. The doctrines announced by the Chi? igo Convention are not temporary dc ices of the party to attract votes and irry an election. They are the deliber .r convictions resulting from a careful udy of the spirit of our institutions rants of history aod tho he-it impulse: f our people. In ruy jutlgmeot thesi rinciples should control legislation ant io administration of the government a any event they will guide roy coodoc ntil experience points out ? better way f elected it will bo my purpose to en ?ree a strict ob?dience to tho Conatitu on and laws, and to promote as best 1 Lay the interest and honor of the wholi )untry, relying for support upon thi isdom of Congress, the tutelligenceans atriotism of the people and tho favor o lod. With great inspect, I am very truly yours, TA . .. v. tr... w I ?S. A. unnr IDUU. 0 Hon. George E. Hoar, Chairman c tho Committee. HANCOCK AT FOOT HARBISON.-I ie county of Putnam, in this, Stati ve*now an old soldier who was aga' tnt member of Company K, Sever jenth Tennessee Infaotry, C. 8. A. H ame is Stewart, He relates e thrillin icident of the "iato uopleasantocss," i h ich be played a most conspicuous pa n the One side, aud' General Uancoc ras On tho Other. At the taking Of Fo; larrison in 1864 Stewart was. stallone ta point- in or near the fort, from whk o could distinctly witnew the raov lents of the Federals, aud esDechdly tl ?tions of General Hancock" who'wi silently leading'bis men to victor, Iis large figure could be plainly seen J e rode up and down the lino givir rdora to nts meo, as be had dono c laay occasion before. Stewart's eye wi ept on the General anti! he approach? rithin a distance of 600 yards of whe ?towart was stationed, When it occam ? the latter that no better time would I ?resented to cripple an army on the fie y emptying the saddle of its comman ugofficer than this; aO, without koo ng wbo the officer was at'tho time? ired. 'From the poiot where he WAS tb tattooed, be fired fourteen euccessi bots at- the disUcoi^hed Gcu^rs.! all rhich wera without effect Stewart ss ie continued to firo until hls ammnniti ;ove out, aod that wheo hi? gun woad barged the last. time tba General: s tot over fifty yards from bim. . He w fter the capture, informed who it waa lad but a snort time bofr.r? made ri t -et of. Stewart recalls the story ofWasb.il on at Braddock's defeat, and the lodi rho tired at the heroic Virginian agi .nd again, aod who then threw down po, exclaiming, "Hs has a charo UM" Stewart hs,-ity bellcven that tigk?r power saved the Union Gone, Ie will vote for Hancock.--Ar?** 3' sta Nctfiviile 2?tta\ r- ."Sam."said ona little urchin to ?thor, "does your schoolmaster give ; my rewards of meriti" "I ffpow Iocs," was the reply; "he gives rn iekin* t vg'lar every day , and says J m wo." % Stro it Semttov SftSffijBtD 0. K., J??)? 13, 1880. .??W*. Riordan <& VaiX*&?-*p\ukv> 3?B8{ I want lo say to you ??nt you ' ?lava ray hearty eadoriicmeiiV'^Vthe ? bu . you 'Imvo in ic HnP^Q "he Cash-Shannun tragedy. U vi no rcSeotion y poo thi., memory }? ibo gallant geutlometi af tho .?..wt who i-.orted to tho' duello to lettie their psriounl difler?nctra to ask that the law ho vindicated in thia caae. [n former days the moat. punctilious Iccorttm and chivalric- courtesy di *ln -uiahed the conduct of gentlemen in 'affairs of: boiior,"" andi toarae, ribaldry md gasconade,in correspondence iras ss idio?? as tho brand of cowardice; but noir the "swashbuckler My le" appears to JO fashionable. YTJWL iwuo is very sharply made be tween those who tra'opie lr7 defiantly under foot and th ose wno ext icu te St, and [ do hope that c^rirage cubt >gb may be found to execu.t it. It w'll be a ?td day for South Carol! o a ?riien n gentleman, who feels it to be his ?icrsonaior professional duty to -vindi cte private rights in our courts, is first '.o bo insulted,- puisued,, villit?ed and maded to. desperation, and then shot, ff that io io oe tho ^luno which our civili sation is to occupy, wo shall * all be deeping on our arme. And there must ao something radically .wrong in a pub-, Ho senllnicnt which can force a man of Shannon's high character and acknowl edged cotirngo to "fight" a dn?/uhder the slrcum'stancea which surrounded him. It ia about time we. were.-finding out ivhere we ere,; and ascertain whether 'border rufliauism" is to govern this :ouotry or whether civilized institutions hail be maintained? I express no opinion on the merit > of his difficulty for I know nothing of it, ixcept what f. have-aeon in tho public irints ; but-1 do venture ibo opinion that t ls the first time in tho history of duel ag In South Carolina, that a man bas >een shot foi' doing what -he had, in ?orals and law, clearly" the right to do, md for deing i whai it was . bis sworn luty to,.db, to wit: faithfully repre A^?:__ ?U~ __i-u:-it..... rVH,IUg VIIV CUNIWH VI UIO VlipU?? ?U IUD ?Uti? agtlust, parties who bad them wives gone into the courts. It ia "with >ut a parallel either in ibo issue mndt> ir the manner bf ita conduct. You ore doing, your shuro of public ?uty in ^.proper manner-pardon mc for lay ing so--and I believe that nine-tcnth? ir tho respectable pcar?~o of tho State viii sustain you. You may count on my doing so in any vay that I properly may. Very truly yours, &c, M. 0. UUTM:R. AyTshlre.CoWa. The following statistics of this well cn nbliflh?d breed, deserve tbe attention*of ill who aro interested In dairy matters, md clearly indicate that these cows are carcely yet appeclated at their true val le. Tho Ayrshire cow has been known to iroduco over ten imperial Kallona of good riilk in a day. A cow-fecaer ia Glasgow, leUitig fresh milk, ia said to bare real k0d f250 in seven months from on3 good tow, and it is feinted on high authority hat ono dollar a day for sis months of he V'.ar, io no uncommon income from rood cows undvt similar circumstances ; ind that seventy-five cents a day is be ow the average. . But this implies high ind judicious feeding. The average yield in ordinary food would be .considerably ess. Youatt estimates the daily yield of au iyrehira cow for the first two months af ro calving, at five gallons & day.-on an werago; for the next three months at. .bree gallons, and for the next four Benth!} st one gallon and a half.. This would bo eight hundred an fifty gallons ts the annual yield of a cow, but allowing fbr eoma unproductive cowa, bc estimate? ho average of a dairy of six hundred {alloua per annum for each cow. T x, lind a half gall?os of tho Ayrshire > nilk will yield one and a half porjuds of suttor. He therefore reckons two hun Ired and fifty-seven pounds of butter, or Ure hundred and fourteen pounds to twenty-eight gall?os of milk, aa the yield jf every cow, ata fair and perhaps low average, in an Ayrshire dairy during tho rear. Alton B3te. the yield reach higher, laying that "thousands of tho Ay nh ira iairy cows, when in prime condition and .veli fed, produce one-thousand gallons )f milk- per annum ; that lu general, three and threc-q'tattera to. four gallons )f their milk yield a pound and a half of Smiter : and twenty-seven and a half gal lons oi their milk will make twenty-one pounds of full mllk-cheeso. One cf Hit four cowa originally impor ted into this country by John P. Gushing, of Massachusetts, gave in one year 8,w4 Quarts/beer measuro^ or about 464gall?os, ai tea pounds to the gallon, being aa av erage of over tau and a half beer quarts a day fbr the whole year. It is asserted, on good authority, that the first Ayrshire. cow imported by the Massachusetts so ciety for the promotion of agriculture, in 1887, yielded sixteen pound? of butter a week for several weeks ia succession, cn K???n feed Cr?i)j. Tucw Jj?iu? ?snj WJlSW^ largeaa those etated by Alton ; but it should, perhaps, be remembered that our climate ia lesa favorable to the proddc tlon of milk than that, of England and Scotland, and that no cow imported af ter arriving at m'a/uTity, could bo expec ted to yield as much , under the same"cir eamstanecs, as ooo bred on the spot whore the trial ls made and perfectly acclima ted. . _.... ._ THE Coax LEO.-Modern science baa brought the cork leg to a elate of perfec tion which.renders lt almost impossible for the.carual observer to detect the.dif ference between the rea! and artifiJa!. There was an -minent young lawyer s?me years ago wu? had a cork leg that waa ? triumph of artistic deception. None but bia intimates knew for certain which waa the. real and which aroa the sham Uiab, A wild yourtg wag of the "utter bar,'? who knew tho lawyer pr?t-, ty; wall, once thought to otili? this kl jftwlcdgo of tho lawyers secret ? Uko in ? aowly-fledged yoong barrister. The lawyer was adoree*.og a special jury ut Westminister in his usual ?&rnwt "ad vehement style, and the wag whapsred to his neighbor, "You sec how hot old Buifuz is over bis c*se; now, I will bot you a Eovcreiga I'll ran this pin Into bis leg slap up to tho bead, and ha will nevor areri notice it, be1* so absorbadla his due. Hoisamos* extraordinay mau ir? that way." Tni* was raov* than thegrucn boru could swallow, so he tock tho bei. Tho wag leanly forrard diuvo it up to the head ia thohvwytrs leg, WBgOm frere the binsr? of ?ll ??bd he made the"r.?frof thejury ?land on ?ridand caused t'ie Judge'? wig almost to fail off, ran through tho court "By Jove! ii'.; the tfrong log, and Pre lost my rap;. i??e!airflta the dismayed aaa conscience stricken wag, quite ?gardie? of the p*"n ha bad inflicted upon tba learned lawyer,