The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, March 21, 1878, Image 1

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v-,. r ?*/. .?'?.?V?. >r ^ ... ; .! ,;, ??h- . i ?> . -o-.' li'-ds > .wsf/* -orti:! ?-i>; .a-iiiLjjfjji^! !fc ..Ji?i*"?.rtH?(?y? nu .,m/!.{> ; _ 4<.,*^",l7jt:_i,1Jl lS,ir, ?Jch^?niril* > j ?nfc **? ?mit?* oj tono "HARDY SOI?MOB'S ?Ulfll." FIFTH CHAW||^OHTKE BOOK OF ? Bips .( Fol?ete*! Piratee tn Uv? liaukle? jju^n^a*-K*p<>?ur? of Un? Fraudaient ij mltM? SfirntTi ProTtatoa* ard Whis key Pc**? Ott* by UM) WSolaanla A Buk g?caiw ??batatal ?? ? P-? Mafa'e Wama. The Joint Invotigatlog Committee on Public Frauds hate submitted the follow ing additional report : Amougtbe remarkable frauds perpe trated against the State, that of the South Carolina Bank and Trust Company should not be overlooked. On the 29th day of October, 1873, t bill was introduced entitled "A bill to ?inVe auprouriation to pay the cia!me of the Scute Carolin? Bink aiidTfruat Com pany," which provided for tho paymeut of claims amounting to tho sum of one huadred end twenty-five thousand dol lars. The itemised schedule furciebed by Hardy Solomon, President, e*U?b iiebed conclusively that only the sum of $103,805.71 was due the bank, and that a large number of claims on this scheu ulo were of P doubtful character. This bill was referred to the Committee on Ways and Means, of which committee tbo notorious Bowley was chairman. Upon thia bill there were majority and minority reports. The minority report contained, amongst othcre, these objee lions: "That the wording of the bill was so obscure and indefinite, that it was im possible to separate the principal from the interest; that the terms of the bill required and directed tho Treasurer to make a distinction in favor of these claims as against all others, which ia at once illegal, unjust and odious ; that tho passage of this bill would bo to give an unjust and unfair preference to a power ful corporation, when it is a well known fact, that the salaries of school teachers who have labored for a mere pittance, School Coromhioioners, Judges of our Courin, County Auditors, clerks of dif ferent departments of State and mauy members of your honorable body remain unpaid for months, and in some instances for years. As a still more grievous fact, it is known that S200,000 of tho appro priation for public schools for the years 1871-2, and a large portion for 1872-3, remain unpaid." The presentation of such considerations availed absolutely nothing, and under the leadership of Bowley and the perauu ?ive argument? furnished by Hardy Solo mon, tho House was induced to pass the bill. The evidence before your committee indicates, that the same cogent reasons influenced gravo and reverend Senator? td vote' in favor of this thinly disguised fraud, for it is now known that the bank referred to was inaugurated in fraud, sup ported by a ring of political pirates com pared of Chamberlain, Scott. Parker and other State officials, and exhibited during its existence a series of corruptions and robberies unknown in the history of any other corporation. It waa through this disgraceful channel that thousands of dollars worth of fraudulent pay certifi cates and "armed, force" orders found their way into the State Treasurer's office and were paid, whilst honest claimants were turned away heart-nick and dis gusted. At tho time the bill referred to was un der consideration it was well understood that this most secure bani could not exist without aid. It li not surprising there fore that tho bill was passed by the ex penditure of $80,000 by way of bribes, absorbing more than two-thirds of the entire amount of the appropriation. Of this there can be no doubt, for with an nmazimr effrontery the books of the bank show tho fact under the entry of "leglals tive expenses." The timo for the failure of this bank had not arrived in the interest of tho ring. The passage of the bill afforded a brief relief, and when tho auspicious oc casion arrived, its failure came with over $200,000 of tho money of the 8tate and ft largo amount of school and county funds c.. deposit, with os worthless a lot of assets y. were over rendered in a court of insol vency. ..To this failure wo shall refer hereafter in a separate report. We are concerned now only to "recent the sor tions of the evidence showing the method and mentis by which this iniquitous meas ure was fastened upon the people, and a special tax waa levied upon them for the payment of the claims embraced by it. It will' be observed that a small por tion of these claims were valid demands against thc State. These-were, however, in a largo measure subsequently abstrae t ed from'the bill, and paid by the State Treasurer out of other funds, in order to give place1" to ove? twenty thousand dol lars of fraudulent pay certificates manu factored for the occasion, so that certaiu ??talo officials might secure their shore of "gratification/' Prince B. ttivers testifies, that he "vo ted for the biil; met the members at a caucus ; Hardy Solomon was there and rooke ii> the caucus; the next night thc members were to meet him there, and he was to see theta separately. He oBered mo $500 ; that amount he afterwards paid me at the bank, in city bills. Sperry, of Georgetown, invited ibo members io meet Solomon at caucus. I think I met Keith and Humbert, of Darlington, at the bank." Keith testifies that he was paid $50 in cfcfo bills, Wridfa?but'$60 in groceries. Butler'Spears, ? member from Sumter, received goods amounting to about $120. W. W. Ramsay, a member from same county, testifica that be "waa paid $100 to support the bill, and payment was made first by a certificate of deposit be ing given him ; afterwards the certificate of deposit was paid in city bills and gro Jamss Young, a member from Laurens County, testifies that he "voted for the claims, and received about $30 in city of Columbia, billa." . it: 8. Tarlton, member from Colloton, testifies that he Toted for the bill and was paid $50 worth of groceries, omong them ons barrel of molasse?, shipped, on .the South Carolina Railroad and Charleston and Savannah Railroad to his homo. . Hastiugs Gantt testifies that he "voted for the hfll t td received a paper calling for $75.00. (This was a certificate of deposit.) Solomon wanted him to take groceries for it,, which he refh.scd, but discounted the pap?f aVMr. Love'd afore, under the Wheeler House." David Graham, a member from Edge field, testifies that he "voted lot the claim, and received n certificate of de posit for $100 in cohsiderailoh of the vote." Paris Simkii TS, a member from Edge field, testifies .'.at he "received about $200 in groceries for supporting the $125,000 claim." ' ?. Simpkins, member from Edgefield, testifies tbat'he "received, in considera tion for supporting the bill, a certificate of deposit in his (Solomon's) bank for $250, which was paid in city money." Charley Simms, member from Cheater County, testifies that he "voted lor the bill called 'Hardy Solomon's bill ' and altar it was passed went to the bank, and Hardy Solomon gave him thirteen dollars in city money, and said that: he had no more, but that I could get provisions at his store, anti asked:m$ what I wanted. I told bim I wanted some flour and meat. Ho then went with mo to bis store^ahd I got m u?? io! u? Sour, xOG (munna Ul cue?w and a gallon of whiskey. That was what I cot for voting for Hardy Solomon's bill." John Dixon/; member from Orange burg, testifies that ho veted for tho bill ; that Senator James L. Jamison, of his county, made an arrangement fr**-h Solo mon for him and received a check for him ; that bo owed Jamison aud paid bim in that way; thinks jt was about $100. Abram Danii?r?r, of Orongcbitrg, tes tifies that be "attended a caucus held in the interest of Hardy Solomon's claim. After the discussion, the members were invited one by one into a private room. ? went in my tarn io the room. I found Hardy Solomon, and no one else waa Eresent. He said if I would vote for his ill he would give me $100. I voted for it. After toe bill passed, I went with others down to Hardy Solomon'? bank, j The crowd went there just like when the j member? went to get paid on their . ay certificates, and he gave money to 'the different members without making much secret of it. He gave me $60 Tn city raonev ; he did not give me any moro, though I asked bim twice afterwards for tho balance." John Vanderpoel, a member from Obarleston County, admits in his evi dence that be "voted for the passage of Hardy Solomon's claim, and Mr. Solo mon, in consideration thereof, paid to me the sum of WOO, as well as I can re member " N. T. Spencer voted for tho bill, and in his evidence says : "After ita passage, I got tho value of $300 from him (Solo mon )-not in money ; part of it was good? from his store." J. J. Grant says: "I voted for the bill, but did not get anything for it. I don't thir'. I even went to get anything. On reflection, I think I gote?me things from the store-liquors and cigars. Mr.*Solo mon may have regarded this aa a favor for supporting his "'ll." J. G. Tingman, member from Charles ton, says ho "voted for Solomon's claim, and was paid a small sum of money and some goods from the store." K. A. Turner, member from Charles ton, says be "voted for the bill, and waa promised $800 by Mr. Solomon, bu? waa only paid a little over $100." J. T. Gilmore testifies as follows : "I was promised $250 by Solomon to sup port the bill. I voted' for it, and received a cert: tiento of deposit for that amount on the bank. 1 traded the certificate to John Lilly foi four cows." Senator Jared Warley testifies that he voted for the bill ; that he was . member of the House at the time, and received $100 in payment from Mr. Zcaly, on Hardy Solomon's order." Samuel Green, Senator from Beaufort County, in his evidence, says : "I voted for Hardy Solomon's claim (was a mem ber of the House at tho time). James A. Bowley, member from Georgetown, and Chairman of C-^nnittoe of Ways and Means, told me mat I could got $600 foi concurring in t f womble report on the bill to pay the him. I concurred in the report. I hat. mthing to do with Mr. Solomon ontil ifter the bill passed. BOKIOV then referred me to Mr. Solomon. I saw him and he agreed to pay me, but did not pay it then. Afterwards he gr ve me about $200, and said he had no more money then. The remaining $300 wai paid for horses purchased of Mr. John Long." Representative Riley, of Orangeborg testifies that ho was paid to support the "bill." Senator C. D. Hayne, of Aiken, admit? in hie evidence that ho "was paid through, a certificate of deposit $575 for his sup port of Hardy Solomon's claim, and tha' it was placed to his credit in the Soatt Carolina Bank and Trust Com pc ry." Lawrence Cain, Senator from Edge field County, testifies that "at first h< was opposed to the bill; that Senatoi J er voy, of Charleston, waited on Mr Solomon ?& reference io tho bill in be half of himself and other Sonators, anc reported that be (Solomon) was willing to pay the party $5,000 and no more Finally it was agreed that a party of ui should receive for our support of the bil thc sum of $5,000. I received of th:: BU m a little more than $b'00. Then were eight of us-myself, Senators W. R Jervey, W. E. Johnston, Moses Martin J. H. White, C. D. Hayne, F. A. Clin ton and Dublin I. Walker, f am satis fled these are tho parties." W. R. Jervey, Senator from Charles ton County, says: "Hardy Solomon sea for mo to examine his claim.. I went ti the bank, waa shown the claims, audwa asked to support the bili for their pay ment. I told him (Solomon! I woulc give him' au answer. I asked Stat? Treasurer b\ L. Cardozo what hi thought of them. Cardozo told roe the; were all right and that the bill wooli pass whether I voted for it or not, so '. went up to Hardy Solomon's with Car dose and told hin* I would vote for U he told me ho would help mo in return Cardozo asked him what he thought h could do for mc. He said h? did no know positively ; that hi= pile had rm down pretty low; that he thought h could divido $5,000 between four of ST of us, (or perhaps he said eight of us, which would give each cf ua about $62 apiece. Some time after the bill passe he gave me a certificate of deposit c the South Carolina Back and Trust Com pany for about the amount stated abovi saying that it would ?ho?? that I had tht amount deposited in the bank. I too the certificate and transferred it aftei wards to Geueral Gurney for a debt owed him. I think that Senators La? reuce Cain, J. H. White, F. A. Olinto and it. I. Waiker, were among tho eigl referred to above." Moses Martin, Senator from Fairfieli says that be "voted for the bill and r< coi ved from Hardy Solomon" $500 in coi sidoration of the asm2." Senator Gaillard testified aa follow? "I was offered $500 to support the bil but refused to accept it. Before tl final adjournment of the Legislatur Senator Nash told me that Hardy Sol mon said I was a man. and that I bi stuck to my word, and that bo wou like to mani the friendship of a mi like me. and would deposit something ' my credit. Nash also said I bad r?ctt see Hardy*. I s?w him and he told n he had placed the euro of $500 to a credit at his bank. I drew the money < B. J. Lee in his evidence says: "At tl aesfiioi} at which the claim of Hardy Sc omon passed. Hardy.Solotopn. discover that ho could obtain a po?i??u u? it o of A difiereut appropriation, amountii to something over $20,000, and dejur the vacuum to be created in the $125,0 by the withdrawal of the claim to bo tb otherwise paid, to be filled up by t issuance ot pay certificate?, I wa* tb Speaker an?f attended ? consultation determine how the matter shonld to i ranged. Hardy Solomon, F. L Cardo: R. H. Cleaves, ?ed 1^ Mok_Gov. F. Meses, J/., sud myself wer? uissvSi. waa agreed that about $20,000 should withdrawn from the $125,000. and t vacuum thus created to be filled wp the increase of pay certificates by Gleai and myself. I recogoite the folio /i certificates issued by Cleaves ?nd my? to fill the vacuum referred to above : Un 1 JO J- cf E. M. Pit ~ tereon.7or7.'.~.....WS0 No. 150, In favor of P. D.8mlth for...... 8.S75 No. 151, in favor of 8 J. Wells, for. 3.474 No. 152, in f*vor of P. M. At- ' kinson, for..1,780 No. 153, in favor of C. T. Lee, ; for..j.- 1.478 No. 154, in favor of M. L. J-. ter, for. ?^SO No. 106, in favor of Q.T. Brou ?OD, for.. 1,686 90 All thee? certificates war? issued with out any consideration and ara fraudu lent. Tk?y vero all ante dated. This $20,000 was to be divided betweea Oar doro, Oieaves, Moses, Hoce, and myself. Cardoso said at the consultation that be would tele Hoga's for him. House cer tificate. No. 664, for $4.960.23, in favor of H. C. Hawkins, is a fraudulent certifi cate, and waa given by me to Hardy Solomon to go into his claim, and 1 re ceived from him $6,000 for my services in connection with the claim, which were Elaced to my credit in the South Caro ua Bank and Trust Company. The bank books corroborate Lee in this state ment. Ex-Governor F. J. Moses testifies in reference to the claim : "A schedule rep resenting the character and amount of the claim was laid before the General Assembly; ? Urse number of claims ?rovlded in the bill were withdrawn by olomon and collected out of the de ficiency tax, ^nd certificates issued in fictitious names by Cleaves and Lee ; that he (Moses! received $7,000 of the amount; that the idea of withdrawing the lawful claims and substituting pay certificates was talked of on two occa sions io his office, and thinks the first time Cardoso and Solomon were present: the second time Cardoso, Lee and Gleaves ; the two latter agreed to issue i them and Cardoso to pay them." Mr. Lawrence N. Zealy, cashier of the i bank corroborates the above state j meets as to the withdrawal of and sob i dilution and collection of the fraudu I lent paper for- the hottest. We cannot more fully exhibit tb? frauds and bribe I ry connected with thia transaction than by appending Mr. Zealy's ?vidence en tire to this report as showing that teu Senators and t~caty ?zsinbs?* cf tue House were bribed or paid in certificates of deposit. The silent testimony of the books of tho bank speak more conclu sively than all other witnesses. One fact ascertained by reference to these books deserves mention. These books at one time passed into the custody of Comp troller General Thomas C. Dunn aa re ceiver of the back. His name appeared in the list of persona who were tho recip ients of certificates of deposit and charg ed nader the head "Legislative Expen ses" for J?OO, and was erased therefrom and the name of Joseph Orews, then dead, appears to be written in its place, in the handwriting of Dunn. Tho fact was discovered by reference to the cor responding entry in the deposit book, and is beyond question. Ii the name then substituted had been fictitious, oi of a living person, there would have beer aafmuch to redeem the total depravity o! this transaction. As it is, indignation ii fatigued beyond expression. JOIST INVESTIGATING COMMITTEE. COLUMBIA, 8. C., Feb. 15,1878 L. N. Zealy, being sworn, deposes ot oath as follows : I was acting cashier o the South Carolina Bank and True Company in the year 1873, when the ac to make appropriation for payment o claims of said bank was passed.-' Thi accompanying paper (printed) contain a list of tue claims submitted to the Leg islature in connection with the bill (ex hibit marked "H. S. B.") When th? appropriation act aforesaid had bee! flossed, some of the claims' mention? n the list aforesaid were paid out of th "deficiency" appropriation, sud dbe claims not included in the list ?foresail were substituted and paid under th?. Bpecial act. The following were pail out of the " deficiency " appropriation Comptroller's warrants dated April S 1873, in favor of John B. Dennis. Noi U?, 116, 117, for $5,000 each ; Comptrol ler's warrant dated June 17, 1873, ii favor of N. F. Walker, superintendenl No. 219, for $500 ; salary orders on Stat Treasurer two of them drawn by Judg R. B. Cu.pouter for $875 eacb, one b Judge Thompson H. Cooke for $583.2i and one by Adjutant General Purvis fe $625. The following ulaims not provided fa or mentioned in the list aforesaid wei paid out of the appropriation under th: Bpecial act : J??MT PAY CERTIFICATES PATED DE CUMBER 17, 1872. No. 152, in favor of P. M. At kinson, for.$1,780 ? No. 163, in favor of C. T. Lee, for........ 1 478 ? No. 154,' Yo favor of -?Lj3.'Cai> ter, for. 1,230 ( No. 156, in favor of G. T. Brown, for. 1,535 ? No. 156, in favor of J. D. Mc Pherson, for. 8,928 i No. 151, in favor of J. J. Wells, for. 8,474 ( No. 149, in favor of B. M. Pat terson, fer.*. 2,950 i No. 150, in favor of P. D. Smith, for........ 3,576 I HOUSE CERTIFICATES, No. 163}, in favor of Thomas Kingston, dated February 21, 1873 (or 1872) for.$ 600 < No. 265, in favor of T.8. John son, dated February 26,1878, for..?. 500 i No. 264, in favor of H. C. Hsrku???, dat? a February, 1878, for..;.4,960 These claims were not in the posst sion of the bank at the time this onec? act waa passed, for wa included in t list aforesaid all claims that we had i hand at the bank. MAECH 4,1878. L. N. Zealy; being recalled, further <! poses on oath as follows : The attention of witness being call to th? following entries on page 67 Individual Ledger A, under the head "Certificates of Deposit :" 1878-Nov. 20, No. 72, John C. Ho '-584-4500. 1873-No. 78, James M. Smith-$1,01 ".I do not remember what consid?r?t! was paid by Mr. ?fops and Mr. Smi ! for these two certificates of deposit, find entries of both of them on pago C of Journal B of same date. I also fi entries on page 684 of Journal A of sai 1 date for same sums, and as there are other sums for same amount In etti bock of same date, it appears that I latter entries sro for tue same trans tiona. The latter entries appear uni the head of 'Legislative Supplies.' 1 figures '872* opposite each of these lat entries, in the first column, indicate tl these entries are carried to that page the aeneral ledrer. I find, howat there-ia'no such*'page In the gene ledger. The leaves in the gencralled from pago 890 to 895 have been cut c I do not know who eut them out. I not think i have looked at that part the general ledger since the bank a pended on July 2,1876. I do not th I have had any occasion to look ai F?nC6. x W55 ??u?~g v??uraf Ol ine'Ol at the time of Its snspension. I was the habit of handling the books ev day, including the general ledger, i am satisfied the leaves from page 89( page 896 were not cat ont at the timi the suspension nf the bank. All books of tho bank, including the ge ral ledger, we handed ovor to tba colver of the bank two or three d after. The receiver was T. C. Dunn, think x gave bim the keys myself. 1 not know of my own knowledge w WAS meant by 'Legislative Suppli?e,' Hr. Solomon, the President of the bank, di? reeled me to open and keep an account of espouses which he termed 'Legisla tive Expenses.' I know, however, that the amount of those expenses was a clear loss to the bank. The entries on page 684 of Journal A ire not in the names of Mr. Hope and Mr. Smith, ss the entries in the other books are. They sra io the names of 'Sundry Persons.' written ia each case over erasure. I do not recog nise the handwriting in which 'Sundry Persons' is written. I am certain the erasures were not made st the tune I gave up the books to the receiver." The attention of witness being called to the following additional entries on Eage 67 of Individual Ledger A, under ead of "Certificates of Deposit :" 1873- Nov. 24, No. 75, Mrs, M. Dora Whittemoro-587-$5,000. Nov. 29, No. 77, L. Cain-59W-473. No. 78, W. E. Jervey, $?00. No. 79, W. E. Johnston, $605. No. 81, W. 13. Nash, $4,350. Dec. 2, No. 86, T. C. Dunn, $800. "I do not remember what considers* tion was paid by these parties for these certificates of deposit. I Sad entries of all of these on pages 589, 591 and 593, respectively, of Journal B, of corres* ponding dates. In all these cases these latter are in tho names of the enmo par ties, except in the case of No. 86. T. C. Dunn, for $800. In that case, instead of Ty C. Dunn's name appearing, the name of 'J. Crews' appears, written over erasure. I cannot say what was erased, but the number and the date, as well as the amount, show it waa the samo cer tificate of depoait as was entered in In* dividual Ledger A in the name of T. C. Dunn. I do not know who made the erasure. It was not inado at the time I gave up tho book's of the. bank, including journal u, to the receiver. I also find entries on corresponding pages of Jour nal A of corresponding. dates for like sums, except the $800, tor which certifi cate of deposit No. 86 waa issued to T. C. Dunu, which does not appear on page 593 ; and as there are no other Bums of the same amount in either book of the same date, it appears that tho latter en tries were for the carno transaction. The entries appear under the bead of 'Legis lative Expenses.' The figures '692' ap pear opposite each of these latter entries in tho first column, and indicate that these entries were carried to that page oi the general ledger, but, as I have already said, there is no such pnge in the general ledger; tho same, with others, having been cut out since the general ledger and the other books of the bauk were turned over to Receiver Dunn. Mrs. M. Dora Whittemore, as I understand, is the wife ef Senator. B. F. Whittemore. The de posits in her name were made by him." (The attention of witneaa being called to the following additional entries on Eage 57 of Individual Ledger A, undei esd of "Certificates of Deposit:" 1873-Dec. 3, No. 89, S. L. Duncan 694-$100. 1873-Dec 8, No. 92, L. Simmons 598- $40. No. 93, J. Smith, $50. No. 94, John Boston, $125. No. 95, W. A. Grant, $200. No, 96, John T. Gilmore, $250. No. 97, E. H. Humbert, $20o. No. 98, Hastings Gantt, $75. No. 99, James D. Boston, $312. No. 100, Sam Green, $320.^ No. lOi., .^.ucCo*. osmkius, ?'-V?. No. 102, M. L. Owens, $200. No. 103, J. D. Robertson, $100. No. 104, N. B. Myers, $500. No. .105, C. D. Hayne. $575.) I do not remember what consideratiot was paid by theso parties for thes-o certlfi cates of deposit. I find an entry of No 89, S. L. Duncan for $100 on page 594 o Journal B for December 3, 1873. I als? find an entry on pago 594 of Journal A of same data for samo sum in name o "Sundries" written over erasure, untie head of "Legislative Expenses." I fint entries of tho rest of these certificates o doposit on page 598 of Journal B of Do comber 8, 1873. I also find entries o: page 598 of Journal A of samo date <b "Legislativo Expenses," one for$11,451 ] and ono for $60, ind both having tb figui-s* "8S2" opposito in the first column indicating that both entries were carriei to that page of general ledger airead; mentioned as having been cut out, afte' the gen err" ledger had been turned ove with other books of the bank to Mi Dunn, the receiver. The attention of witness being callei to the following additional entries oi page 67 of Individual Ledger A, uude head of "Certificates of Deposit:" 1878-Doc. 10, No. 106, C. H.Spcrry 599- $2,138.83. Dec. ll, No. 107, D. Graham-600 $136. Dec. ll, No. 108, M. Martin, $500. Dec. 13, No. 109, F. Adamson-602 $100. Dec. 18,. No. 110, John Lee-606 $222.76. Doc. 18, No, 111, J. H. White, $898.4< Dec 18, No. 112, H. C. Corwin. $341 Dec. 18, No. 113. H. J. Maxwell. $1,7LN I do not remember what consideratio was paid by these parties fer thees ccrtii cates of deposit I find entries of all < them no pages 599, 600, 602 and 606 n spectively. I aiso find entries on corre ponding pages of Journal A for corre ponding dates for like sums, and as thei aro no other sums of the samo amount i either book of the same date, it appea that the latter entries are for thc sau transaction. The latter- entries appct under the bead of "Legislative Expel ses," and in the name of "Sundry re sons" written over erasures. They ah have the figures "392" opposite, in tl first column, indicating they aro carrie to that pago of the general ledger, whicl as I have already mentioned, bas bec cut out. ; (Tho attention of witness here calle tojjage?SS of general ledger.^ A ?u? under the head ot "JLegtsiati^ Expenses" the following entries: 1874-March 6. To amount paid Hundryperoona.. .$76,105.3 January 24. To amount from cash file. 5,000 < $61,105.? This amount .waa a clear loss to tl bank. I Cud other amounts included this, charged under the head of "Legi lative Expenses," where the names of tl parties have been erased, ? or else tl numbera of the certificates of depot have boon erased and jwhere there is i clue ns io ibo identification. Some i these erasures were made at tho time tl booka were turned over to . Recel v Dunn. L. N. ZBALY". All of which Ss respectfully enbmittc JOHN R. Coon BAN, Chairman. HENRY A. MEETZE, On part of Senate. S. DIBBLE. GEBHARD MULLEP, J. G. BLUE, on part of House. - A wild Texan' h'.arded tho tra st Fort Worth for Dallas. It was 1 first ride on the'cars, arid as the conduct reached in bis hip pocket for his punt the eye of the Texan caught ajglircj of its polished handle, nod quick thought he leveled a navy six on t conducto;*, saying: "Put'er up, or ] blew daylight through you. No mane get tho drop on roe. PETER COOPER'S PROJECT. Th? lnatlt?.t? at UtwiteM Biirlajr?, South CwroUnA- Educational l'Uni. It raa stated some time ?go that Mr. Peter Cooper was arranging for the es* tabliahmeut of an institution in South Carolina, to be of a somewhat similar character to the Cooper Institute. It wa* regarded as a mistake. But it now ap pears, however, that, although the news wa? premature, Mr. Cooper does enter tain a design of the kind, and that it is more than, probable that be will shortly put lt in execution. Mr. Cooper, somo time duce, advanced the sum of 913,000 to Mr. O. H. Bomar, who owns a largo property at Limestone Springs, South Carolina, taking a mortgago on the prop erty, with the privilege of purchasing it at any time within a year for 926,000. He subsequently advanced $4,000 more for the purpose of developing some of the natural resources of the land, which leaves a balance of $9,000, by the pay ment of which the property will become bis, Mmestone Springs is near Spar I tanburg, on the line of the Air Line Railroad, and waa in ante bellum days a favorite aummer resort for Southoruers and winter resort for Northerners. Tho elevation above the sea is about 1,200 feet and the air and water are said to be exceptionally fine. When the place waa prosperous it supported a young ladies' college, a hotel, a large church, &c, but during the war it fell into decay, and after the war Mr. Bomar, after purchas ing the property for a mere song, tried to re-establish the school. Owing to th? depression of affairs In the South he was unsuccessful in his enterprise, and find ing it impossible to carry on the school and keep the property, he endeavored to sell it to Mr. Cooper. Mr; Ooo11*? told the rest of the story himself to a reporter yesterday. He was sitting in his parlor reading a newspaper when the reporter called, and dropping his paper ho began at once talking en thusiastically of his new project, saying that if he found everything about* the place to baas it was represented to him to be, and if he waa able to carry out such arrangements as fae had in mind, he thought that Limestone Springs would become a sort of new Arcadia in the South. He referred to the great sac cess of the Cooper" Institute and the good done to hundreds of young mon and women through its instrumentality, and said that in many respects the new establishment would probably be made to resemble the Cooper Institute "I have got that going," he' said, "so that it will support itself when I am gono, I think, lt has au income now ot about $50,000 a year, and I want to make the new institution, if it is started, a self supporting ono. I don't think much of these institutions that have to be sup Sorted by begging." Ile told of a mim er of instances of persons who had achieved good positions, and of some who had savod themselves from distress by the use of knowledge acquired in the Cooper Union schools, and, said that he intended to make the South Carolina school ono of science and art, applicablo and applied to every day life. "That'a my idea of ft useful education," he said with a smile. Speaking further of the Way in which bo became interested in the matter, he aaid : "The place was once a famous water place, and there ! waa there ? college for yossg ladles. Tho head of ?he college, I forget his n?me, conducted it for sixteen years and ducated some 2,000 young ladies and ?tad only one death among them in all I that time. He accumulated a fortune, [ but when Che rebel war broke out he lent tho rebels some $70,000. Thoy used him up, and when the war was over Mr. Bomar bought tho place for a song and undertook to corry on a school there, but everything waa depressed as It is. I suppose, all through tue South, and he was pressed by bis creditors and finally became anxious to sell for $27,000, al though I suppose the buildings on the property could not be put up for $200,. 000. Ho came to roe and I advanced him $17,000. The first advance waa only $13,000, but I lent him $4.000 after WOTS ;C vuiivi Duuis u?n UUIO I.I1U9. iou see ino only place on the mountain where,the limestone appears on the sur ' face is on this property, and they have bad some old-fashioned kilns, at work there, but uow-a.-^cys they make ver} i di norene kiins from what they used to and hu wanted to develop the mine." "I have never seen tho placo," con tinued Mr. Cooper, "but what I know ol it I learned from a pamphlet about il which waa shown to me, and from what a number of persons have told ma wht have been there. They say it. is a most delightful spot, and the most desirable site for anything of the kind in all tit? country around. The climate ia moa! healthful, and the grounds tbemselv? are beautiful, with a ?rest number o trees of fine growth, large fruit orcha -Ja &c. Then there is a large buildlni erected for ? hotel and a crick cb ure! capable of seating 500 persons, and tet other smaller buildings. Thou it I thought that by establishing an attrac tion there people will bo induced to bu? villa sites and erect residences there., ti which the Southern people will go t< escape tho malaria of toe lower con nt r in the Bummer time, while tb? Northen people will go there in the winter a thoy used to do." "Have vou then decided fully t establish this institution ?" asked th reporter. ,'Well, lt is too soon io atv that," sab Mr. Cooper, "but I ara going down b see the place very soon. I'm going t tako my daughter and some others of th fomily with me, and I shall go down am find out what the placo really looks like nod what ls necessary tobo done. O course you know the buildings must b very much out of repair, ana will nee m ^M?ntlty Of p-???.iu? Billi oilier WOTS A building will get out of repair whei it ia neglected for fifteen years, aa the have been." "What do you propose to call the ic stitutlon, or ia it too soon to ask that ? said the reporter. "Oh, I can't tell that yet I haven got aa fax Jia that," ?aid Mr. Cooper. " am going down there, first to decid whether I shall do anything moro abeu it, and then to arrange the details of i in case I determine to go on." "It lo said that tboie will be a normt achp?l established lu additidn to the ref ula? ?cadsm'o cou?6? for too benefit < those-who intend to become teachers. ] that so 7" asked the reporter. "Oh yea. I consider that to be a mot valuable department. Teach the youn people how to support themselves. Tb institution must ont ! only be made ael anpportteg, bat tb? pupils must ?Is Now in the Cooper Institute the ^vccii value of the classes is thal th?- ?tude? learn what is practically-lise', il lo thea Not long ago a lady waa utv.xpectedl reduced to poverty by ber husband's b lng disabled through some injury, au abe said that in easting about for som thing to do in this emergency she r membered that abe had learned how I write stenographicaly in on? of ot classes. She applied at one of the cour for employment, and now abe says si is obi? to support her husband comfort bly." And tho kind hearted old gentl man laughed happily at the thought of this result of his favorite institute. ' "ItU also said that there will be lo the new establishment a kindergarten department, and that it will be under the charge of a lady ; acO also that there will be a school of art and design," said the reporter. "Ye*, that is a very correct account,'' said Mr. Cooper, "but it is not ?tarted yet," ?nd be smiled again. "Everything about it wilt be under the charge of women/' he continued, "excepting that Mr. Bomsr will eon tinco to be at the head of it. But I must say.again that it is too soon to talk about thc particulars, At present I have not determined upon them." And Mr. Cooper changed the subject of the con versation, saying that he had recently prepared an article for the press, which j would 8uon be published, in which ne1 bad eel forth his views of what was ne-1 cesssry tobe done to preservo the exist-j ence of the republic The life of the nation, be thought, was tromblingtn the , balance, and promut measures should bo taken to avert disaster.-New York Herald. I JEFF. DAYIS? CAPTURE. The Ventea Authorised by the Kx-Coa federate rr??ldcut. From the Ar. Y, Herald RICHMOND, VA., Feb. 27,1878. Innumerable stories of the flight and j capture of Jefferson pavla have been j puolinbed both North and South by wrl-. tere in both sections. Until now, how ever, Jofferson Davia' own account has never been in print. The Southern His torical Society Papera, in its March issue, will contain a full narrative of that mem orable affair, written by Major W. T. Waiihaii, the private Secretary of Mr. Davis, It is known here that this article was gotten up under the eye of Mr. Da vis, and under his special supervision, and it is therefore regarded as Davis* own account of bia flight and capture. The writer saya : I "On the evening of the second day (which was the 9th of May) preparation wera rando for departure immediately after nightfall, when Col. W. P. John ston returned from a neighboring village with tho report that a band of 160 men were to attack the camp that uigbt. "Meantime bia horse (Davis'), already caddied, with hid holsters and blanket in place, was in charge of his body servant, and he himself was lying clothed, booted und oven spurred, when, a little after daybreak, tho alarm was given that tho camp wa-, attacked. Springing to bis feet and stepping out of the tent, he saw at once, from tho manner in which the assailants wero deploying around tho camp, that they were trained soldier*, and not irregular banditti, -and, 'return ing, ho so informed Mrs. Davis. Ab we have aaid, tho President was j already fully dresaed. He hastily took leave of his wife, who threw over his shoulders a waterproof cloak or wrapper, either as r protection from tho dampness of the early morning, or in the hope that it might nervo aa a partial disguise, dr perhaps with woman a ready and rapid thoughtfulness of its possible use for both I these purposes. Mrs. Davis also directed a female servant, who waa present, to take an empty buoket and accompany him in tho direction of the spring, his horse, on the other aide of tho camp, be j ing cut off from access by tho interposi ? tion of the assailants. "Hu had advanced only a few steps from the door of tho tent when he was 1 challenged by a mounted soldier, who presented his carbine ?ad ordered him to i surrender.' The answer was, 'I never surrender to a bond cf thieves.' The carbine was still p.esentedj but the man i refrained from ming-it ts but fair to Eresume from an- .^willingness to kill ia adversary-while the Presidont con tinued to advance. This waa not from deliberation or foolhardy recklessness, but of deliberate purpose. ?. * * * 1 Observing f'.^i the man, who was finely mounted, wa? so near as to be considera I bly above him, he had little anprehen ? alon of being nit, and believed that by j taking advantage cf the excitement of I tho shot he might easily tip him from, the saddle and get possession of his horse. The feasibility of thia deaign waa not to be tested, however, for at this momeot Mn. Davia, seeing only bia danger, ar?\ animated by ? characteristic anet heroic determination to abara it, ran forward and threw her arma around bia neck, with aomo impassioned exclamation, which probably none of the parties pres ent would be able to repeat correctly. The only hope of escape bad depended upon bringing the matter to an immedi ate issue, end, seeing that this was new lost, the Presidont aimply said, 'Ood'a will bo done,' as he quietly turned beck and seated himself upon a fallan tree, near which a camp-firo was burning." A letter written by Colonel William Preston Johnson, late Aid to Mr. Davis, to ibo writer of the article, Major Walt ball, confirma thia a'/tement? LEXINGTON. VA., July 14,1877. Major W. T. WaliLall, a?ob?ie, Aia. -My Dear 8ir : Your letter baa just come to band, and I reply at once. Wil son's monograph ia Witten with a very strong animus, not to say virus. It ia not historical. It beare upon Its face ail the marks of sp?cial pleading. He states aa matters of fact numbera of circura atances which could not bo of his own knowledge, and which be moat have picked up aa rumor or mere gossip. Sin gle erroraof this sort are blemlshea; but when they are grouped and uaed as fact and argument thoy become, what you truly call them, 'calumny.'* "For instance, Mrs. Davis ia represent- ! ed as leaving Richmond with the Presi dent. My recollection ia that she left some weeks beforehand. Lrcckinridge left on horseback and went tn Osn*r*l .Lee, rejoining Mr. Davie at Danville. I do not doubt that all th? account of 'the preparations for flight' ia purely ficti tious. His statement of the conditions of the armistice ia incorrect. * * * * "You will have the facts of oar retreat and capture from many sources. My best plan ia to tell you only what I know and aaw myself. The testimony iacbicfly negative, but in so far as it goes will probably aid you. My understanding waa that we were to part with Bira. Davis' train .on the morning of the 9th. We did not, and the President continued to ride in t':e ambulance. Ho was sick and a gor' i .'eal exhausted, bat waa not the man to say anything about it. The day previouB be had let little Jeff shoot bh vcriagetb ut a mark, and hauued me 'one of tho unloaded pistols, which he asked me to carry, aa it incommoded him. At that time I spoke to him about the elze of our traia and our route, about which I had ?'-?t previously talked, BS ho had aaid nothing and I aid not wish to force bis confidence, it was, however, distinctly understood that wc were going to Texas. I that day said to him that I did not believe ;T- could got weat through Mississippi, and that, by rapid movements and a bold attempt by sea from th e Florida coast we were more likely to reach Texas safely and promptly. Ho replied, *It is true-every negro in Mississippi koowa me.' I also talked with Judge Reagan and Colonel Wood on thia iopic. The impression left cn mj mind was, however, '?" *" '?? y1 1 ? ; " 1 """;m that. Mr. Davis intended to tarn west south of Albany; but.I bad no definite idea of bis purpose whether to go by ?ea orland. Indeed, ray scope of duty was simply to follow and obey him; and, sri long aa I was not consulted, I wa? wal) co?tent to do this and no moro. . Leon? fest I did not have great hopes of escape! though . not appreheasivq at the time of capture, as our scouts, ton picked men, were explicit that no Federals were near and that pickets were out. Both of these were errors. On the night of the 9th I was very much worn out with travel and watching, and lay down at the fret of a pino tree to sleep. "Just at gravy dawn Mr. Davis' acrvant Jim awakened mo, He said, 'Colene!, doyviheor that firingV I sprang up ana said, 'Bun and wake the President.' He did so. Hearing nothing as I pulled on my boots, I walked to the camp fire, some fi itv or 1P*U? >teps off, and asked thc. cook if Jim was not mistaken. At this moment I caw eight or ten men charging down the road toward me. I thought! they were guerrillea trying to atar^pedo the aleck, I ran to my toadle, where I had slept, and began unfastening.,the holster to get out ray revolver, but they wore too quick for mo. Three men rode up sud demanded my pistol, which, sa soon aa I got out, I gave up to the leader, a bright, slim, soldierly follow, dressed lb Confederate gray, clothes. The same man, I believe, captured Colonels Wood and Lubbock just after. Ono of my cap tors ordered me to the camp fire and stood guard ever mc. ? ?cos becaiuc aware, that they were Federals. "In tho meantime the firing, went on. After about ten minutes, may be more, my guard left me and I.walked over tc Mr*. Davis' tent, about fifty yards ott Mrs. Davis was in great distress. I soi? tc thc President, wB? was sining outside on a camp stool. This is a bad ousincsi, sir.' He replied, supposing I knew oboujl the circumstances ol the capture. 'I would have heaved the scoundrel off his hon* as he came up, but she caught mo around the arms.' 1 understood what he meant now fae had proposed to dismount Mu trooper and get his horse, for ho had taught mo tho trick. I merely replied, 'It would have been useless.' . ."Mr. Davis was dressed as usual. Hi had ou a knit woolen visor, which bo af ways wore at night for neuralgia,. Hi woro cavalry boole. He complained <i chilliness, and said they had taken awa) hit? 'raglan.' I believe they were so callrd, a light aquascutnm or spring over coat, ?? ) med me:? called a 'waterproof.' ; bad ono exactly similar, except In ooloi I went to look for it, and cit lier I, o' some one at my iu&tanco, found iii am he wore it afterward. His own was nd restored. j "As I waa looking for this cos?? ?T firing still continuing, I met n moun'.Tj officer, who, if I am not mistaken, was Captain Hodson. Feeling that the saud i was lost, and not wishing useless blood I shed, I said to bira, 'Car ?in, your me] j ate fighting each otb* , over yonder; i He answered very posl'ivaly, 'You havj an armed escort.' I replied, 'You hov I oar whole camp ; I know your mon ar| fighting each other. Wo have nobody oj j that sido of the slough.' Ho then rcdj off. Colonel Lubbock bad a convent! tion nearly identical with Colonel Pntcl ard, who was not polite I believe. Yoi can learu from Cob Lubbock about it; j "Not !cag bfttgwardi assing Mi. Dav! in altercation with an officer-Colon* Pritchard-I went up. Mr. Davis wi denunciatory in his remarks. The ai count given by Wilson is fabulous, ei copt so far os Mr. Davis' remark ia cot cerned-that 'their conduct aa soi wu of gentlemen, but ruffians.' Pritchai did not make the reply attributed to bia I could swear to that My rccollcctiu is that be said, in substance, nnd in a offensive manner, th?.t 'he (Davis).was prisoner, aud could aub rd to talk so,' an walked away. Colonel Hamden'? mai nor was conciliatory, if he was the otb officer. If I am not mistaken, the fir offense was his addressing slr. Davis i 'Jeff,' or some rude familiarity. But tb you can verify. I tried just afterward reconcile Mr. Davis to tue situation. "On the routs to Macon, i h rc o da; afterward, Mrs. Davis complained to c with great bitterness that her trunks hi boen ransacked, tho contents taken o And tumbled back with tho lea vee stickii to them. * * * I never heard of il Davis' allege] disguise until I saw it in Now York Herald tho day I got to Fe Delaware'. I was astonished aud, d nounced it as a falsehood. Tba ne day I was placed In solitary confincmoi aud remained there. I do not believe Erosible that these ten days could ha sen passed with our captors' withe allusion to it if it bad not been an afb '< thought or somothing to be kept from i ? ? * * Very sincerely you?s, WILLIAM. PRESTON JOHNSTON.*1 MANUM? G Fsurr TEKES.-It nj I not bo supposed that it ia necessary tell people they ought to manure tn fruit trees, for oura and pther ugricul ral papers have often urged this .ur. thom. Tho experience ot all ls that chards are almost universally neglect and experience equally universal she that it is, o ly by calling repeated atti tion to these matters that people will better. We do so now because this L particularly good time to attend to si work. The heaviest of farm work over, arid dothi?g t? particularly pr ing, so that just this kind of things i be done with advantage to laborers i the trees. When the trees ao ?mall and crops cultivated and manured among tb they catch the benefit from a portion the fertilizers, but when tho trees groi that the branches meet, crops cannot grown to advantage any more, and t too often mau u ring in the orchard si forever, and the trees commence U b??kn?t? ever afterwords; me let get yellow, tho fruit.poor and .'enc and much tails off boforc half c' ?ta and the worms take possession of trees and hold on till one by OHS the t die out? and farmers wonder why t trees aro not thrifty as their neight who look after; ani manures bia t every season. . Dirt hauled from proper draining ditching vour roods; from orouud stol fonce corners, deposits of washings, a from the house, especially cob at soap suds, rotten leaves and'chips, make good dressings for your trees, 5"CU 5v9 t**? SuTikS?g? I ru ai yes {'car to repay ycu for all your atteni abor and expense upon your trees. 'Home Journal._ CHICKEN CHOLEEA-A CUBE. following is said to be en in fusible : edy for the so-called chicken choi Make a mixture of two ou aces wu fed popper, alum, resin and flour of phur, and put it in their food in pn tiona of ono tob?spoonful to three ? of scalded meaL In severo cases, about one-third of a teaspoonful meal pellet once a day to each fowl, ting a small lamp of alum in the? a ing water. The writer ?aya: '.'I tried the above ingredient* with mt success; havo cured fowl? in thi stage of thc disease. I make lt-a tico now to give my fowls some once or twice a week, and there a symptoms of any disease Among tl l^uy^j^rrs^., KV "."re Rf ought that occasioned B pan?of r?crit. 'T?wi^'tU kind to forgive and fo^ lei bygohte be bygones, and good be ex From Uloter which it ia folly io fret; Tb? wisse* of mortal* bare foobably acted The klndaat are. those who forai re' end lorgct. .?..?.>? - ?-. . ;-, Let bygones be bygones; on, cb?lib no longer The thought that the sun of Affection hes sot* .^psed '/or a moment, ito roys will be atronijer, If you, like a Christian, forgive and forget. Let by^?? be bygone* ; your heart will be Whin kindness of yours with reception has met; The name of your love will bc purer and brighter lt, Godlike, you strive to forgive ?nd forget. Lot bygones bo bygones; oh, purge out the leaven Of malice, and try an example to act To others, who, craving the mercy of heaven, Are sadly tooslow to forgive and forget.' Let bygones be bygones; remember haw deeply To heaven's forbearance we all ore In debt ; They value Gods Infinite goodness too cheaply To heed not the precept, "Forgive and forget." Powder JHlls Blown Up. BOS?OM, MAM?>.12.1678. Thi Northeastern. portion of Middle sex county waa startled a few minutes ? beforo nine o'clock: to-day by tho report I of a terrific explosion, which waa heard la Lowell, seventeen miles away from tba point at which the explosion oc curred. It waa econ learned that the shock came from tho blowing up of two milla of the American Powder Company at South Acton. The company has treen running on extra time to fill orders for the Turkish government, the powder he ing shipped from Now Haven. Those who heard the ' report and were close enough to the works to seo the smoke de scribe it as very picturesque. Soon after the shook was felt and the. rumbling noise that accompanied it, a huge volume of smoke rose to the heieht of about five hundred feet, and floated away on tho " morning air. Tiri mills destroyed sud completely ahattweo to pieces were the water press m?l and mill No. 4. Both were new structures erected Since the explosion of last year. Two workmen in tho presa mill--Low ell Foster, of Winchendon, aged twenty four and unca arri ad, and Turpener. be longing ia Kingston, N. Y., aged thirty and nnn?Jo^ed--werc iostcntly killed, their bodies being thrown eome three hundred yards from tho mill. Turpener's head waa found quite a distance from the othor portions of his body, and at the present time only about half of the re mains have been seso. Both bodies were terribly mutilated, and in fragments they wore picked up at different pointa. Fos ters body was completely cut. to pieces, ! und Borne portions bf tue bodies were found n quarter Of a milo distant mashed to jolly. Gae arm was found in one ??lace, a portion of a leg in another and ufts of Bvalp, with tue hair on, in an other. The bodies are i;ct recognizable, only on account of tho foot that their also waa kpowa by their comrades. The cause of tho explosion is not known for certain, but Edmund Hooper, foreman oh tho lino, caye wheo near the press mill where Foster nod Tarpeuer were work ing, he heard a piece of u?achlaery break, ana, koowlng there would be trouble, sprang behind a tree and ran for the woods outside the ground?, the explosion following immediately. Several other of the* employees were injured, but none seriously. The office of the company, aitoatec some 600. feet fro-a tho praas mil:, was demolished, the dorrs being torn to pieces, tue clapboards thrown otf and tho windows smashed into thousands of nieces, covering the floor cod the desk aaa other furniture. The keg shop near by was also battered and demolished, hot a whole ?ri?duw remaining, AU about '.ho grounds and over an area of several acres are strewn tba debris, nothing re maining of tho exploded milla bat the iron machinery and heavy framing tim bers. . Tho amount of powder destroyed is not known, but it was only the rccumulatlon of thia morning. Both tho men killed were new workmen hore, bat Tupencr was ah old povder-maker. Hum!reds cf people, men and women, carno io from tho surrounding towna within an hour. The shock waa s distinctly felt at Wal tu??s. ??ui? twelve mriee dUiant. The romaine of the men killed are now at the boarding house, and they present a slek ening appearance. Thia ia the third time within nino months that these milla have exploded, and two of the forster workmen left the work only a short timo aiucfl. not darimr tn rial: thai g lives lodger. Tho loss ia estimated at $200,000. * ' -1 ? ni... - ' ' KEEP TUB CH?LDUE?T HAPFS".--I? veut every possible amusement to keep ?cur boya nappy nt. homo evenings, reVfrr mlnd if they do chatter books and pictures, coats, bato and . boots, Never I mind if they d? make a noise around you with their whistling and hurrahing 1 We would stand aghast if we could have a vision of tho young men gone to ut^er destractioa for the very reason that, hav ing cold, disagreeable, dull, stiff firesides i at home. they, soughs amusement else ?where. Tho InJauenco of n loving mother or elster ia incalcvdpble. Like tho circle famed by casting a steno into the water, j it ?oca on and cn through a man'e whole life.1 Circumstance sjndwori?ly pissaro may weal vn the reoMmbranse foi Atime, but each touch upon tho cord of Memory will awaken the old time music, and her face, Her voice?, and her loving words will ooma up before him Uko a revelation* ., The time WIUCO??, beforo you think, when you would give the world to have your house tumbled by tho dear hands, of * those very boya ; when your fceart shall long for their noisy steps in the h&lL and their ruddy cheeks laid up to yours; when you would rather havo th&ir jolly whistle than the music of Thomas or the songs Of NeOaaon; when you would glad ly have dirty carpets- aye* liva without ? carpets at au, but to haye their bright, strong forms^.b^lde^yoji^opGO^ j?oore. Thou play tr ?i?* a?? pee tnom. jr rs isa Johnny's drawin?r, "Saty's musi?, ?nd b&by'a first attterop. ut writing his name. Encourage Tom to chop offhlsetiekof wood, and Bick to persevere in making hia hen-coop. If one abo wa a talent for figtirea, tell bini he is your famous mathe matician ; and' if another fovea geogra phy, tell, him ?o .will bo sore to make ? good traveler oe a loreign minister. Go with them to seo their young rabbits and chickens end pigeons ; and down to the creek-fall to seo the mill in full opera tion. Have theta ?u?s? Twrmoeaes and, gi'asses and brigai patawa i&Wmfa dsvO?Hv? their roo ma whe.u the anoxia all over "h i earth. And you win keep: yourself yoong and fresh : by ^terfog into lb cir joya.~^raAo?v~. ' - The postage staasa was iotrodoced in London JanusryTO, 1840, b/Eowlaod Hill, in connection with cheap postage. Th-* ?ezt e-i!c= te intscdscs' SVwas France* nina years after. Germany be 8n to use tho stamp in 1850, and was efirat to Introduco the postal card, "a 1874 Great Britten reallied a oet reyo nuo from its Post Offices of thirteen Bail lions of dollar?, while tho United States, ia the ioma tinte, lost about twenty-four millions,. 1 -"Pa, wh*tjba??rb5atur6r' Xleg islature, my eon, Ia a l>ody elected by the sovereign people." "But what fa a les leKMnre for, pap? ?n "O, my boy, I? to kill UmfiASry to kill time." : v.* m