The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, December 13, 1877, Image 1

Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page. It is also available as plain text as well as XML.

&JLTJSSQJg STlZBSCRII>T10y.-~&*o loujos par annum, and Onk Dollys for six moxhs, ;'" Subscriptions are not taten for' a lea pe.'iod .'TLWdnideductions' made to clnb'a oflenj or ! more scbsc-rtbers. ' L ' JUTS3 OF A&VBRTISIffQ.?Oi>*lHM?vvr square oi one inch for the fin:t insertion, s? Fifty Cents pAr square for subsequer t insertionsks tban three \months. Ifo sdver tls ;inents coute less . than a squar?. , i i " Liberal contract r will be made with those ?Wong itr?atoT?seforthree>slxor twelve moatj. Ad? vert Ising by contract must be cen?ned to le Im? mediate hasineas <>f the firm or individual ?ntrae Obit ?uituary Notices exceeding five lince, libutea of .He?poet, -and all personal communicatos or ? matter? of IndMiruil Interest, wUl be cAatSUbr . it advertising ran?. Announcements oftnariages and deaths; and notteeaofa religious cnaruc-r, are respectful It solicited, and wlllbeinsertirgratU WJiale System* - ? s. TTS MEDICINAL PEOPEETIE3 ABC , j flli?ali?a, jtaic^foiral aad\Dtatie. . Ykgetike i? made exclusively fron; the UMca ?f .carefully selected harks, root and l>ei bs, .?viul so strongiv concentrated, that! will ' effectuiJJ? eradicate from the system evenfaint of Scrofula, Sere fa loa? Humor, la vissorii, Cauccr, Csncerons H??or, KryMiVolru,, Salt Hfeenrs, Sypfatiiic . Biuen!*?t , CanItcr. > FsinUKU atlkfl >*??j>?ich,snd aU.duteases that arise frej fan IttelEoctaaUy cared tbroaph the blood. -?or.Uiews^Brmiir?.Bi?o??e SVla, Pustules. Pimple?, BUt vr.?>nn. Vkoetdos has never tailed .to effect* ? ^ereirtwsit cur*.' ? ' ' .r K Fpr.Palt? in tfce Back, Kidntey CetW encorrl from Um Re tion, and uterine diseases and Crnrfn- I>? UTit^^BQrrrxsfr nets directly npc 830 coiti]>l!Miits. It invigora streogtlicuslbo whole system, acta upon ?7wa^aJm?rvh4 gSJS11 T'*?*' ?.?n?>r^??r4l?l.>^aIer llcn*?**?! IMW: Wer v ?Jepernl Pr o?trn li o? of ?%7^i?>?o/iB8dteIne haw ? 3 given WcSfPof feet satisfaction a3 the VEasrriNE, It pirifl? the bJooO, clean**! ell of the1 organs, and pet jesses a controlling power over tha .uervoiB 8? '<?nL"??" - ?"??'?? " ' '?'-??-V X_ The remarkab!a enrea effected by" b are i adiiced- many pliysicians and ap whom we know 10 prescribe end uso Hi own famines. . ' ^^Ift'ftetiTltGKrrjns fcrthV beit remedy M* dlar.Tferad Tor theabover?swuw, and is the otir xeUable BLOOD PI>Bftt?ikK yetplsed before t)&&MBfi. i i- p ..... p?arAM?mr .?").' M. R. STEYENS, Boston, ^??'^^^^^Sr^barl . . . a lor1 mothers, f or It gives JNMr . girea them Nature's oved by many an aged-. i it. -It rail or ob and cores ; from impure blood. Try .. trial for your ^ bay to yorir friend,: MXrjrlt;**bM< . Ctaawt be L l^nryiamil^^r?evcT?J yean for Sfflcofal* tr,Caokaroua F every mm i and ','/))r?^ i'Mt.isca;'" iMtoioaM -loa? _that, ' Bhenm any i thing liave ever ased; and I ,rA; piNSMOBB, ' friends. A fow u^^oairoFhet and appetite. ! ^lioi^di Iffassi MTIR^Lfffff ALL BBTJ6WS. ? ^UIV'wTTI'H. rpaE undersigned hereby notifies the citi X :?ns of Anderson aha vicinibr that he 1ms tnovicdhis BOOTanS OTOESrTOPfrorn Woia.8taaW4niithe Benson" Hobse to' tie* ?uarters on Main Street, near the Market; ^pjepared toTnan?factnre rWeiiria'snb-; stanfaal Boots and Shoes for ladies and gen-' tlefnen; atshortesttiorice, snd gtiarantoe tho prompfcdeliTery of workat the tkne apporn-i I . 1;e?^cl7rill'ca?^r^dencestogetm Tor'iadie?t orders when desirable. i!fte*iendB>of * Mb. R. P. McKINNET will find him at work in my shop, where he will be.glad fo see them, and continue to do; -their -work. ?I "have1 on f hand a lot of 'substantial Kip Boots, of my own roannfaet?re, suitable^or , winter wear, whiqb I -will sell cheap for cash, i ; Give me ? caJljIma examine my stock and i*nC69; ? R. Y. H. KANCE.* ! ?-Oct25,-'lgn 15 ?( 3m ? ?; TE & WILLIAMS, BUf9TS^r!Wi?rfr3P TimfilPoiED, 149 H 3 m HO V PI -'-feEmSEsV&c: .. PAINTS, OILS, VARN1BHBS,'/ f I DYfijgjjCTS, PERFUMERS:, I - . ' WINDOW GLASS; And DRUGGISTS' SUNDRIES, ,i Cheap for Cash. : . / - July 19,1677 ,1 AUGUSTA HOTEL, Corner Broad and Washington Streets, ?augusta, ?a. Itomr^ugbiy -Rtnqvit?rl, Re-! Office in the same block. Poet [ only'One Mock off. All other pubKc, conyenienccs close at band.;, ? The" Office of tL6 Hotel will be open during the night; and guests will be receiv? ed or called at any hour. ' *. .' 9 Rates of Board, S2.00 per Day. >. W. M. MOORE, Proprietor. No*!, 1ST?,16 3m J5STABLISHED 1874. ? ' j GEO; E EDWARBS,' C?ttl?tSSr,?4 ?EBCHAMT, PPROMPT attentfon ?ve? to sale of Cpt ' mm, Corn, Peas, Rice and Produce1 of ? all kitm Merchandise bought free of commission. y Agent at <;ha'Heston for State^Llhe Ocean; SteamsMps''between.Ne*w York, Glasgow, LIverpW.'liOTjdon and alTparb of Europe. Refkbksqes?Bank of Charleston, Jasv AdgWettkr.', liowndes ?fc Co., Charles ton, S. C, . Ocf'4,187Jf .^?^-?12^ .- 3m QTATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA- r ; O,.,,, Anderson (Jou^nV. By TT,4.ir. HumpJu cys, Judge of. 'j*robate~ WHEREAS, T. E. Watkiiis has applied to me to grant him letters of aumiu 1a trat ion on-the Personal Estate and effects of Mrs. Lncy J. Gjiffin, dece^wi. These are. therefore to cile and admon? ish all kindred and creditors of the said. Lucy J. Griffin, deceased, to be and ap? pear, before me in Court of Probate^io oe'held-at Anderson Court Honse/on Friday, 21st'day Deceniber, ^?, after pub? lication hereoi; to she^v caURe, if any they have, why the said admtnlftratiori- should :riot oejgranted. Given- uider my hand, this 5th day of Deceihber, |877. ft W- W. HTJMPI?HEYS,'J. P. Dec 6. 1S77 , , 21 - NOTICE.'{ ' a PPLlCA^ON-willf?'r? to the next XjL session of the Le?L?lattire to amend theetoterot the Town of Wifiamstbn. S. D. DEAL, Lvendaut. T. B. CatMEs, Clerk of CodtciL Oct-i, 1877 12 3m THE GREAT CREATITE INDUSTRY. Its Attraction*, Capabilities, Want*, Ad vantages and Disabilities. NUMBER L M?. F^rr-pa^: Of lie, several pursuits which 'IraTe^eti rajrecr thV1 attention of meo, that -of agriculture unquestionably occupies the very first place. Imposed on man in the infancy of the 'racei it has ever since stood in the front rank of hu? man employments. Pronounced against I Adara'i?'tte'n'irture of a curse, it. has aM alonglidqwn the stream of tim? /boroj i rieh argosi es of blessings. To affirm its ? high importance is but an affirmation of . a self-evident cruth. Tt exists as a ne? cessity, and the earthi is habitabledrify: ?by reason 'of1 its existence. A Tetfnor madjc tribes turned , loose upon it might wander from place to place, driving their1 ;herds a^nd flocks heinre thera,^Dd.dieriye , \temporarily a scanty subsistence fromtheii ?returhS arid the. captures of the chaise,: but it is certain their duration woojd.be short. Famine 'and pestilence W?nld' j oVer?a1&'the1nr'. a^.,'uitirha$y'^ themieitiflcti ? ; T?eJ,cn1?va?'bn[of the earth fcjue j natural and normal occupation of man. Attractive ..because of ?tV.he?fifulness and innocence. Peaceful .because it im? pinges upon, no .other pursuit. Instruc? tive because it affords abundant themes for thought and contemplation, thus giv? ing activity and enlargement ,toy the. f mind. Beautiful because, in /the. fields flowers/: blow, seeds germinate, stalks fructify.:'It'is'a part of the civilization that was divinely communicated to man in the beginning, arid wherever most ad? vanced there are to be found the largest' intelligence and refinement. The aim-, plest of the avocations, it is the most difficult to master. The laborer though a- mere automaton cultivates his patch krid from its product derives the means of existence; - hut a Liebig, a Viile or Johnson, have not yet sounded its depths or comprehended'half of Jft mysteries. The'feeblest-intellect may understand its primary principles, but the strongest has not i hith?tpihicri2 aftlSMgiftStB pro fundijti.es., "^ovariedrso wide are its do? mains, that vatt tracts and' continents lie unexplored-, and- inexhaustible in re* SBarchjiw-ii-';a ? .. ?.\ji j''Ag1r1ctdl?Te: is foe motive, power of the worlct "it is the source of all wealth and prosperity. It sustains all the trades aj^jj^fessroris known to'rriei^ Tttp^A pels .the machinery of all the manufacto? ries en the" globe. Eminent success in this pursuit requires thought, skili, phys? ical forces* experience and large infor? mation. ? ? Scientific knowledge certainly c^tribrite* f?rgejy tolefl]cier^cy;';, (: potanjf, ; chemist ry, geology and meteorology .may be reckoned essential, as furnishiog the knowledge of the laws of adaptation,! capacity, repulsion, assimilation, &c ? Such ? attainmen ts ; h a ve ' hi th er to' bee h possessed, by comparatively few of the denizens of the 16ft ^ '! There . i9, -however, scattered and dif? fused throughout our farming com muni ties j derived either from-reading or ex'pe-' fr*om^ tradition',^the"- tclenHa rion teripta ofj the r profession,'' whien'/^if 'ff^matised; 'and'a^Ue^'woW. go-,very'. far towards' securing 1 permEnent results. In ?'the' main, (Ou?^present .wnflitipus,. the.re-; turns of the'.farmer' are neither certain nor remunerative: ? \<$cfi)> eminently desirable, and I am bold to assent are attainable'.'; When we have' passed this transition state;, when laboc' becom es: reliable, arid something like *a. fixity of valnes have been reached; whe"ri some security has been thrown around the pursuit, either by common consent , or legislative enactment; when a reciproci? ty is brought about, which will insure to the farmer, similar results to those/de? rived by the merchant, mechanic and artisan; when like capital, labor, skill and intelligence are employed, then the management and economies of the firm will assume a systematic character.?< There ever wjll'be; it if true/great varie-; ty o? Beasons, circumstances and condi? tions of modification, but, still,-this rip-: proximation should always be kept so apparent as to act as a stimulant to.Te tain those' already engaged in 'agricul? ture, arid as. an.inducement to embark others in this all-sustaining industry.' Ought not this great interest so commend public opinion that discriminating legis? lation cease, and place it on the same footing with all other industrial occupa? tions? Corporations, chartered compa? nies and associations with peculiar priv? ileges, are contrary to the theory of our institutions, always oppressire and of revolutionary, ^tendency. yr ... The disposition of government for a number of,years past has', beeq to graut franchises' and extend" protection. over certain interests to "the digcoVrageinent of..agricultural pursuits. What is the fact at this- day throughout the whole 'country? Why, that capital has been diverted irom this profession and direc? ted in other channels. Thousands have abandoned it and have sought employ ,fl)IW^ar4pTO^irk?tber bus.iqe?-,.^il 1 ons of money have been taken from it and invested in. speculative enterprises. This great country, equaling the conti? nent of Europe ;.a extent of territory, and far surpassing it in climate and in fertility of soil, possessing the capacity' in the development of her resources to Te^Dand clothe, fjhe "world,"--presents the ^rf&m?fy Jof ij&v}fiilfaoryTti<AkyrfttiQ trades than in husbandry. " What a com? mentary upon thp timesand patronage of goverr.ment i is ittrae that agricu 1 tare has" now to suRtahV itself arid Che other 'industries' that represent arid control far greater wealth ? Statistics show this to be fact. Non-producers perhaps realize three-fourthsof all- t?e - profits of the farm. Can this condition of things ta^t? We think not, but believe that a reac? tionary movement is in the near futire. We will not pursue this drift of thought further, but state briefly the object of this communication, which is to direct attention to the great creative industry of agriculture, its attractions, capabilities, its wants, its advantages and disabilities.- It is my present purpose to investigate the whole subject in a gen? eral and sum.rnary way, and announce the topic for my next writiog to. ber "Profitable cultivation,' with gradual and constant improvement", or, in the. form of, an iuquiry, "(Jan remunerative crops'.be grown with constantly increas? ing fertility;7" , ;. V. E. THE IBKSIDEITPS ?ESSAGE. 7 . A Very l'lnl n and Outspoken Docnracnt ! Ikllow- Ci&xwef the Senate' (and-Souse bf 'i} 'B^jpfre?en1aHvet'r ? [ ' I * With-devout Bratitude to the beautiful giver of all good, I congratulate you that, at the beginning,of your \ first regular session you find oar country, blessed with: health and peace and abundant harvests, and with encouraging prospects of a early return of general prosperity. To com? plete and make permaneot the pacifica? tion of the cquutry continues to be, and until .it is fully accomplished, must re? main the moat .important' of all our na? tional interests. .... ... The earnest purpose, of good citizens generally to unite their efforts in this endeavor, is-evident.-' It found decided expression in the resolutions, announced in 1876 by the National Conventions' of the leading political.parties of the conn try. .There was widespread apprehen? sion that the momentous results in our progress as a ..nation, marked by the re? cent amendments to the Constitution, were in imminent jeopardy that the good understanding which prompted their adoption in the interest of a' loyal devo? tion to the general welfare, might prove a barren truc^atid that tH&.twOJBectious of the country, once engaged in civil strife, might be again almost as widely severed and disunited!at'they were when arrayed in arms against each other: The course to bo? pursued, which', in my judgment, seemed wise in the pres? ence of this emergeucy, was plainly in dicated in my inaugural add re**. x'-j}\ The measures adopted by the Admin? istration have been subjected to severe and varied criticism. Any course, what? ever wh ich might have been entered upon' would certainly have encountered dis? trust and opposition, 'These measures were, in my'judgment, such as were most In'harmony with the Constitution and with the genius of our people, and best, adapted nndor all the circumstances to i attain the end in view.- Beneficent re- ' snif* already apparent prove*that these; eadeavprs'^re [ber^rded .aV'tt mere' experiment, and should sustain | and encourage our efforts. - Already in ! the brief period which has elapsed, the immediate effectiveness, no less than the iastifie^if thoJcoorsei ^ursjpedijisiffernonr strated, and I have an abiding faith that time will furnish its ample, vindication in the minds of the great majority of my fellow-citizens. . . THE USE'OF THE^-A^MY, The discontinuance of the use of the army for the purpose of upholding local governments in two States of the'liniou was no less a constitutional duty and re ouiremeot under the circumstances ex? isting at the time, than it was a much needed measure for the- restoration of a local self-government end the'promotion of natidnal h srmon v. I The withdrawal of the troops from such employment was effected deliberately and with* solicitous care for the peace and good order of so? ciety, and the protection of the property lowed are 'indeed significant' add encour? aging. AH the apprehension of .danger from remitting those States to local' 'self government is dispelled, and' a most sal? utary change in the minds of the people has begun and is in progress in every -part of that section of the country, once -the theatre of unhappy civil strife, sub? stituting for suspicion, distrust and a ver? sion, concord, friendship and patriotic attachineqt-to the Union?. ''.,'"" ;,, There basbeen a general re-establish? ment of order and of the orderly admin? istration of justice. Instances'of remain? ing lawlessness have become of rare occurrence. Political turmoil and tur? bulence hAso disappeared ; useful -indus? tries jhi#*toent reautfedf public ^credit in the'Soufnern ^States has t>een greatiy strengthened, and the encouraging bene? fits of a revival of commerce between the \ sections of the country latel v embroiled in civil war are fully enjoyed. THE NEGRO TO BE PROTECTED. It may not be improper here to say that it.should be out fixed and unaltera? ble determination to protect by'all avail? able and proper means under the Consti? tution and'the laws, the lately emanci? pated race- in the' enjoyment' of their rights and-privileges,--and I urge upon those to whom heretofore' the'colored Kopie have sustained .the: relation of ndsmen, the wisdom and justice of humane, and liberal and local legislation with respect to their education and gen? eral welfare. A firm adherence to the laws, both National and State, as to the civil and.'political rights of the colored people now advanced to fall and equal citizenship, the immediate repression and sure punishment by the national and .local authorities within their', respective jurisdictions, ofevery instance oflawless ness and violence toward them, is re? quired for the- security alike of both races, and is justly demanded by the public opinion of the country aud the age. -The cordial co-operation of all classes of all sections of the country, and of both .races is required for this purpose, and with these blessings assured, ana not ?otherwise, we may safely hope to band down our free institutions of government unimpaired to the generations that suc? ceed us. THE CURRENCY QUESTION. A mong the other subjects of great im? portance to the people of this country I regard as pre-eminent the policy and measures which are designed to secure the restoration of the currency to that normal and healthfulccndition in which, by the resumption of specie payments, our internal trade and foreign commerce may be brought into harmony with the "System of exchanges which is based upon i he precious metals as th e. in tri osic mon? ey of the world. The public judgment is that this end should be sought aud com? posted as speedily and securely as the resources of.the people and-the wisdom of their government can accomplish. There is a much greater degree of una? nimity than'is faiBd l?'.vconwr; in the specific meBOT^e8~-which,? will 'bring the country to this desired end, or the rapid? ity of the steps by which it can be safely reached. Upon a most anxious and de? liberate examination, which I have, felt it my duty to give to the subject, lam but the more confirmed in the opinion which I expressed in accepting the nom? ination for the Presidency, and again upon my inauguration, that the policy of resumption should be pursued by. every suitable means, ana\ that no legislation would be wise that should disparage the importance, .or retard the attainment of that result. I have no disposition, and certainly no right to question the sincer? ity of the intelligence of opposing opin? ions, and would neither conceal nor un? dervalue toe considerable difficulties and even occasional. distresses which may attend the progress of the nation-toward this primary.condition to its general and permanent prosperity, any wavering in purpose or unsteadiness in methods, so far from avoiding or reducing the incon? venience, inseparable from the transition from an irredeemable to a. redeemable paper currency, would only tend to in? creased . and prolonged disturbances, in. values; and unless: retrieved must.end. in serious disorder, dishonor and disaster in the financial affaire of the Government and of the people. The mischiefs are confined to no class of the people indeed,, but seem most certainly to threaten the .industrious masses, whether their occur pations are of skilled or common labor. To them, it is of prime importance th^t 'their, labor should .be compensated in money, which is itself fixed in exchange? able value by being irrevocably measured, by the labor necessary to its production. This permanent quality of the money of the people 13 sought for; and can only be gained by the resumption of specie pay? ments. ?. The rich, the speculative;? the opera-; ting, the money dealing classes .may not! alway8.feer.the mischiefs ofj or may find casual profits in a variable currency, bnt! .the misfortunes of such a currency to those who are paid salaries or wages are inevitable and remediless. THE MIGHTY SILVER DOLLAR. Closely.,connected with this general subject of the resumption of specie pay? ments is one of subordinate, but still of grave importance. 1 mean the readjust? ment of our ..coinage, system by the' re? newal of the silver dollar as an element in our specie currency, endowed by leg-., islatipn with the quality of legal tender to a greater or less extent. As there is no doubt of the power of Congress under the Constitution "to coin money and regulate the value thereof," and as this power covers the whole range of .authority ap-. plicable to the metal, the rated value and the legal tender.quality, which ehall he adopted for the coinage, the considera? tions which should induce or discourage a particular measure connected with toe coinage' belong clearly, to the province of legislative discretion and of public expe? diency. .. .. Without intruding upon this prevision of.legislation in the least, I.-have yet thought the'subject of such critical im? portance in. the actual condition of; pur, affairs, as to present an,occasion for .the; exercise of the duty imposed by the Con? stitution on the President, of recom? mending to the consideration of Congress "such measures as he shall .judge, necea-; sary and expedient." Holding the opin? ion that neither the.interests of the.gby ernment nor of.the United States, would be prompted by djsparagi ng silver as ope of the two-precious metals which furnish; the coinage of the world, and that legis? lation which looks to maintaining the Volume of intrinsic to as full a measure of both metals as their relative commer? cial valo.es will permit, would be neither unjust; nor inexpedient. I must ask your indulgence to a brief , and definite state: men t, of certain essen tial. features in any such legislative .measures which.I feel it my duty to recommend. I do not pror Kso to enter the debate represented, on th sides by auch able disputants in Congress and in thepressastotheextent to which the Legislature of any ono na^ tion can control this question, even with? in its own borders, against the unwritten laws of trade or the positive laws of other goverments. .-.../.-. If the United States'Government were; free from , a-public -debt-its .legislative ; dealing with the question-of silver coin age> would be purely sovereign.and gov? ernmental under no restraints, but those of constitutional power, and. the public' good as affected by the proposed legisla? tion,; - . ( /;.,,; j But, on the actual circumstanqes of the nation, with a wast public debt distrib? uted very widely among our own citizens and held in great amounts also abroad, the nature of the silver coinage measure as.affecting this solution of the govern? ment to the holders of the public debt; becomes an element in any. proposed leg-1 islatiou of the highest concern. (The, obligation of the public faith transcends j all questions of profit or public ad van,- { tage otherwise, f*a.J :. Its unquestionable; maintenance is the dictate as well of the highest expediency i as of. the most necessary duty, and will j ever be carefully .guarded by Congress! and the people alike. The public debt \ of the United States to the amount of $729/100,000 bears interest at the rate of six per cent., and $708,000,000 at the rate; of five per cent, and the only way in which the country can be relieved from! the payment of these high rates of inter.-! est: is:by advantageously refunding the; indebtedness?whether the debt is ulti? mately paid in gold or silver coin is of but little moment compared with the possible reduction of the interest one-: third by refunding it at such reduced! rates. If the United States had the unques? tioned right to pay its bonds in silver, coin, the little benefit from that process would be greatly overbalanced by . the injurious effect of such payment if made as proposed against the honest convic? tions of the public creditors. AU .the' bonds that have been issued since Feb? ruary 12th, 1873, when gold became the only unlimited legal tender metal, cur? rency of the country, are justly payable in gold coin or in coin of equal value. During the time of these issues the only dollar that could be or was used by the Government in exchange for the bonds,! was the gold dollar. To require the pub? lic creditors to take in repayment any dollar of less commercial value, would be regarded by them as a repudiation of the full obligation assumed. The bonds issued prior to 1872 were issued at a time when toe gold dollar was the only coin in circulation or contemplated by either the government or the holders of the bonds as the coin in which they were to be paid. An adherence to the wise and just pol? icy of an exact observance of the public faith will enable the government rapidly to reduce the burden of interest on the. national debt to an amount exceeding $20,000,000 per annum, and effect an ag? gregate saving to the United States of more than $300,000,000 before the bonds can be fully paid. An absolute equality of commercial value, free from disturbing fluctuations, is hardly attainable, and without it an unlimited legal tender for private trans-, actions assigned to both metals would, irresistably tend to drive out of circula? tion, the dearer coinage and disappoint the principal object proposed by the leg? islation in view. The two conditions of a near approach to equality of commer? cial value, between the gold and silver coinage is to be a legal tender, are essen? tial to .maintaining both in circulation. If these conditions can be successfully observed, the issue from the mint of sil? ver dollars would afford material assist: ance to the community, in the transition to redeemable, paper, money, and would facilitate the resumption of specie pay? ment and its permanent establishment with these conditions, j I>fear that only mischief and misfor? tune would flow from a,coinage of silver dollars with the quality bf unlimited legal tender, when in private transactions any expectation of temporary ease from aal.'issue of silver coinage to pass as a legal tender at a rate materially above its commercial value, is, I am persuaded, a delusion. Kor ean I think that there is any substantial distinction between an original issue of silver dollars at a nomi? nal, value, materially above.their com '? mercial value and the. restoration, of the silver dollar at a rate which once was' j bo t has ceased to be its Commercial value, j Certainly the issue of our gold coinage, reduced in weight m&terjnily below its legal tender value, would not be any the. less a present debasement of the coinage by reason of its equaling or even exceed? ing in weight all old coinage,, which at some past time. had been commercially, equal to the legal tender value,, assigned to the new issue. In recommending that the regulation of any silver coinage which may be :authorized by .Congress. should observe | these conditions of commercial value and ;limited legal'tender, I am governed by' the feeling that every possible increase shouldbegiven tothe volume of metal ic money which ,can be kept i in .circulation j and thereby every . possible aid afforded to the people in/the process of resuming specie payments. ; ' 'T;> CIVIL ffiRVTCBiEF?BM.'' The organization of the civil service of the country ha* for a number of years attracted more and more of the public attention so geuerai. has become the. [opinion, that the methods of admission to it and" the conditioris'of remaining in it are unsonn d; that both of the great po? litical parties have agreed' in! the most explicit declarations of the necessity of reform and the most emphatic demand 'for it. '' : ' ' ;*1 Great advantage the country would find in-Observing strictly the plan of the Ccustitution, which imposes upon the Executive the sole duty apd responsibil? ity of the selection of those Federal offi? cers' who1 by lrfw-7are appointed, not elected, and which in . like manner assigns to. the Senate the complete right, to advise arid consent to, or to reject the nominations srf'made, whilst the House of Representatives stands' as the public censor of the performance of official du? ties with the prerogative of investigation and prosecution in all cases of derelic? tion. ? -!; ''My'pfirpbae ih this respect, has been to return to the system established by the fundamental law. and to do this with the heartiest co:oporation and most...cordial understanding with the Senate and House of Representatives. I recognize the pub? lic advantage of making aM nominations as nearly as possible impersonal in the sense of being' free, frp^. .mere- caprice or favor in the selection'and in those'offices in which Bpe'cial' training is of greatly ipere?sed value. 1 believe aoch a rate as to, the tenure of office should obtain, as may induce men of proper qualifications to apply themselves industriously to the task of becoming proficients. '"'' c' Last the renewed attention of Congress towhat has already been .done by the civil aerrice commission appointed in pursuance of an ? act of Congress, by' my predecessor, to prepare and revise civil feervice rules, in regard to much of the departmental service, especially at Wash ingtoo. It may be difficult to organize a better system: than that which has been provided, and it is flow being Vised to a considerable extent under my direction ; the commissi on has still a legal exist? ence, al though for several years no ap? propriation has been made for defraying its expenses. . I respectfully recommend that a suita? ble appropriation to be- immediately available, to be made to enable it to coin tiuue its labors. ....... ' FOREIGN RELATIONS, . During the past year the United Stetes have continued to maintaiu peaceful re? lations with foreign powers... n The outbreak of war between Bussia and.Turkey has had no tendency to dis? turb the amicable relations existing be? tween, the United States and each of. the two contending powert. "Ab attitude of just and impartial neutrality, has been preserved', and I am gratified to state, that i n' the midst of their hostilities, both the Russian and the-Turkish Govern? ments have shown an earnest disposition to adhere to tbe obligations of all treaties with the United States, and to give due regard to the rights'of American citi? zens. ? ? ??- y .'??? i Numerous questions io regard to pass? ports, naturalisation and exemption from military.service.have continued to.arise in cases of emigrants from Germany who have returned to) their;.native country. The provisions, of tbe treaty of February 22,1868, however, have-proved .to be so ample and sq judicious that the Legation' of the United States at Berlin has been able to adjust all claims arising under it, not only without detriment to the amica? ble relations existing between tbe two governments, but it is believed without injury or injustice to any duly natural? ized American ci ti ze n.... , ?..,. ? It is desirable .that the treaty, original? ly made with the North German Union in 1868t should now be extended, so as to apply equally.to all the State? of the Empire of Germany. .i.. THE PARIS* EXHIBITION. The invitation of the Government of France to participate in the exposition of the products of agriculture, industry and the fine arts'to be held at Paris du? ring the coming year, was submitted for your consideration at the extra session; it'is not doubted that its acceptance by the United States, arid a well selected exhibition of the products of American Industry on that Occasion will tend to stimulate international commerce and emigration as well as to promote tbe traditional friendship between the two countries. THE EXTRADITION TREATY. A question arose some time since as to tbe proper meaning of the extradition articles of the treaty of 1842, between the United States and Great Britain; both governments, however, are now in accord in tbe belief that the question is not one ?that should be allowed to frustrate the ends of justice/or -to disturb the friend? ship between the two nations. No se? rious difficulty has arisen in accomplish? ing the extradition of criminals when necessary. ? MEXICAN AFFAIRS. ' '.' The revolution which recently occurred in Mexico was followed by the' accession of the successful party to power and tbe installation of its Chief General, Porfino Dias, in the Presidential office. It has been tbe. custom of the United States when aoch changes of government have heretofore occurred io Mexico to recog? nize and enter into official relations.with the de facto government as soon: as. it should appear to hare the approval of the Mexican people and should manifest a disposition to adhere to the obligations of treaties and international friendship. In the present case such official reedgui tion has been deferred by the occurrences on the Bio Grande border, the records of which have already been communicated to each House of Congress in answer to their respective resolutions of inquiry. The best interests of both countries require the maintenance of peace upon the border, and'the development Of com? merce between the two republics. It is gratifying to add-that this tempo? rary, interruption*of official relation has not prevented due attention by the rep? resentatives of the United States in Mex? ico to the protection of American citizens, so far as practicable. Nor has it inter? fered with the prompt payment of the amounts due from Mexico to the United States under the treaty of July 4, 1868,' and the awards of the joint commission. While I dojnot anticipate an interruption, of friendly relations with Mexico, yet I .cannot but look with*, some solicitude upon a continuance of border disorders as exposing the two countries to irrita? tions of popular feeling and mischances of action, which are naturally unfavora? ble to complete amity. I; yet most ask the attention of Congress to the actual occurrences on the border, that the lives and property of our citizens may be ade? quate ly protected, and peace preserved. A'WOHD ABOUT THE DONS* j j Another year has passed without bring? ing to a close the protracted contest be? tween the Spanish government, and the (insurrection in the Island of Cuba. It' is due to the government of Spain to say1 that'during the past year it bas promptly disavowed: and offered , reparation for any unauthorized acts of unduly zealous sub; ordinates, whenever such acts have been 'brought to -its. attention. Nevertheless, such occurrences cannot but tend to ex? cite feelings of, annoyance, suspicion and resentment, which are greatly to be dep? recated between the respective subjects and citizens' ?f two friendly powers. : 'THE PINANCES. ( The state of the finances presents im? portant questions for the action-of Con? gress,, upon some of wbich I have already, remarked., The revenues of the govern? ment during the fiscal year ending June .'30,1877, were $269,000,586.62. ThetotaF' expenditures' for the-same period-were1 $238,660,008.93, leaving a surplus-revenue iqf $30,340.577.69^ This has substantially, .supplied the requirements of the sinking fund for that year. The estimated reve nuesi'?f the current fiscal year are $265, 500,000,. and the estimated expenditures for the same period are $232,430,643.72. ; If these estimates prove to be correct Ithere will be a surplus revenue of $33, ?069,356.28, an amount;- nearly Sufficient for the pinking fund for that year.' The estimated., revenues for the -next fiscal year are $269,250,000. It appears from the report that during the last fiscal year ' the revenues of the government compared , with the previous'year - have largely de? creased. , ! , This decrease, amounting to the sum I of $18,481,452.54, was mainly in customs :duties, caused partly by a.large falling off-in the amount of imported dutiable j goods, and partly by the general fall of 'prices in the markets of the production of such articles as .pay ad valorem taxes, j While this is felt injuriously in the dim j hiution of the revenue, it has been ac ; companied with a very large increase of exportation. The total exports daring I the last fiscal year, including coin, have i been $658,655,457, and the imports have j been $492,097,540, leaving a balance Of trade in favor of the United States [amounting to the sum of $166,539,917, j the .beneficial effects of which extend to. I all branches of business. The estimated [ revenue for the next -fiscal year wiU'inih pose upon Congress the duty of strictly li mi ting appropriations,. including the requisite sum for the.maintenance of the sinking fund within the aggregate esti? mated receipts, while the aggregate'of taxes should not be increased. Amend? ments might be made to the revenue laws . that would, without diminishing the rev? enue, relieve the people from unnecessary burdens. A tax on tea and coffee is shown by the"/experience, not only of our own country but of other countries, to be easi? ly collected without loss by under valua? tion or -fraud, and largely borne in the country of production. A tax of ten cents a pound on tea and two cents a pound on coffee would produce a revenue exceeding $12,000,000, and thus enable Congress to repeal a multitude of annoy? ing taxes yielding a revenue not exceed? ing that sum. The internal'revenue sys? tem grew out of the necessities of the war, and most of the legislation imposing taxes upon domestic products under this system has bef.n repealed. By the substitution of a tax on tea and coffee, all forms of internal taxation may be repealed, except that on whiskey, spir? its, tobacco and beer. Attention is also called, to the necessity of enacting more vigorous' laws for the protection of .the revenue, and for the punishment of frauds and smuggling. This can best be done by judicious provisions that will induce the disclosure of attempted fraud.by un? dervaluation and smuggling. All reve? nue laws should be simple in their pro? visions and easily understood. So far as practicable, the rates of taxation should be in the form of specific duties and not ad valorem, requiring the judgment of experienced' men to ascertain values, and exposing the revenue to the temptation of fraud. ; THE PUBLIC DEBT. - The progress of refunding the public debt has been rapid and satisfactory. Under the contract existing when I en? tered upon the discbarge of the duties of my office, bonds bearing interest at the rate of 44 per' cent, were being rapidly sold, and within three months the aggre? gate sales of these bonds had reached the sum.of $200,000,000. With ray sanction the Secretary of the Treasury entered in? to a new contract for the sale of four per cent, bonds, and within thirty days after the popular subscription for such bonds was opened, subscriptions were had amounting to $75,496,660, which were paid for within ninety days after the date of subscription. ? By this process, within but little more than one year the annual interest on the public debt was reduced in the sum of $3,775,000. I recommend that suitable provision be made to enable the people to easily convert their savings into gov? ernment securities as the best mode in which small savings may be well secured and yield a modest-interest. It is an ob? ject of pnblic policy to retain among our own people the'securities of the United States. In this way our country is guard? ed against their sudden return from foreign countries, caused by war or other disturbances beyond our limits. THE ARMY. The. report .of the Secretary of War .shows that the army . has been actively employed during the,year, aud has ren? dered very important service in.suppress? ing, hostilities in the Indian country, and in preserving peace-and protecting life ana property in the iuterior, as well as along the Mexican border. A long, and arduous campaign has been prosecuted, with final and complete success, against a portion of the Nez Peroes tribe of In? dians. , The serious riots which occurred in several of the States in July last rendered necessary the employment of a considera I ble portion of the army to preserve the peace and maintain, order in the-States i of West Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylva? nia and Illinois. These disturbances' were so formidable as to defy the local and Stale authorities, and the National Executive was called upon in the mode provided by the Constitution and laws to furnish military aid, and I am gratified to be able to state that the troops sent in response to these calls'forvaid in the sup? pression of domestic violence were able,' 'by the influence of their presence in the disturbed'regions, to preserve the peace and restore order without the use of force in the discharge of this delicate- and im? portant duty. ? ' ?> 't> The disturbances along the Eio Grande in Texas, to which I,have already re? ferred, have rendered necessary the con? stant employment of a military force in tbSt vicinity; - I regret to say that these lawless incursions into our territory byV aimed'hands from the Mexican side of the line, for the purpose of robbery, have been of frequent occurrence, and in spite of the most vigilant efforts of the com? mander 6f our forces, the marauders have generally succeeded in escaping into Mexico with their plunder. In May last I gave orders for the exercise of the ut? most vigilance on the part of oar troops fort the suppression of these raids, and the punishment of the guilty parties, as well-as the recapture of property stolen1 by them. General Ord, commanding in Texas, was directed to invite the co-ope? ration- of the Mexican authorities'-irr efforts to this end, and to assure them that I was- anxious to avoid giving the 1 east offence to Mexico;-at the same time he-was directed to give notice of my de? termination to put an end to the inva> si on of our territory by lawless bands in? tent upon the plunder of our peaceful Citizens, even if the effectual punishment of the outlaws should make toe crossing of the border by our troops in their 'pur? suit necessary. ' It is believed that-this, policy has bad the effect to check some what'these depredations, and that .with a considerable increase of our force npon that frontier and the establishment of several additional military posts along, the Rio Grande so as more effectually to guard that extreme border, peace may be preservedj and the lives and property; of our citizens in Texas fully protected. Prior to the first day of-Julv last the army was; in accordance with law,- re-i duced to the maximum of 25,06? enlisted men,; being a reduction of 2,500 below the force previously authorized." This, reduction was made as required by law, entirely from the infantry and artillery 'branches of the service, without any-re . duction of the cavalry. \ Under the law as.it now stands, it is necessary that the ?cavalry regiments be: recruited to'lOpj.' ?men in each company for service- on the Mexican and Indian frontiers. The necessary effect of this legislation is to re? duce the infantry and. artillery arms of the service below the1 number required for efficiency, and I concur with the Sec-' retary of War in recommendingithst mthf thority be given to recruit all companies, of infantry to at least 50 men, and all I batteries of artillery to at least 75 men, with the power in case of emergency to increase the former to 100 and the- latter to 122 men each. I invite your special attention to the following recommenda? tions of the Secretary of .War: First, inat ! pro vision be made for supplying to the army a more abundant and1 better supply ; of leading matter.: second, that early ac tion be taken by Congress, looking to a complete, revision and re-publication of the army regulations; third, that Sec? tion 1,258 of the revised Statute, limiting the number of officers on the retired list, be repealed; fourth, that the . claims srisingundertheActofJuly 4th, 1864, for supplies taken by the army during the war, be taken from the offices of the Quartermaster, and Commissary Genends, and transferred to the Southern claims commission, or some other tribunal,hiv? ing more time and better facilities for their prompt investigation and decision than are possessed by these officers; fifth, that Congress provide, for an annuity fund for the families of deceased soldiers as recommended by the Paymaster-Gen era! of the army. THE POST/OFFICE. : ' The report of^hePostinas^isGe^ contains a full and clear statement of tire operations and condition of the Postoffice Department. The. ordinary revenues of the department for the fiscal year ending June 80, 1877, including receipts' JBcom the money order business sod from' offi? cial stamps and stamped envelopes, amount to the sum of $27, i531,585.26. The additional sum of $7,013,000. was re? alized from appropriations from the gen? eral treasury for various' purposes, mak? ing the receipts from all sources $34,544, 885.26. . ,u ? , ..;; The ordinary revenues of the Postoffice Department for the year ending, June 80, 1879, are estimated at an increase of three per cent, over those of 1877, making $29, 034,098.28, and the expenditures for the same year are estimated, at $36,427,771, leaving an estimated ! deficiency for the year 1879 of $7,808,672.72. The addi* tional legislation recommended by the Postmaster-General for improvements,.-of the mail service, and to protect the postal revenues from the abuses practiced under existing laws, is respectfully commended to the careful consideration of Congress; THE INDIANS. Many if not most of our Indian wars have had their origin in broken promises and acts of injustice upon our part, and the advance of the Indians in civilization has been slow because the treatment they received did not permit it to be faster and more general. We cannot .expect them to improve and to follow our guid? ance unless we keep faith with them .in respecting the rights .they possess, and unless, instead of depriving them of their opportunities, we lend them a helping band. I cordially approve the policy re? garding the management of Indian af? fairs outlined in the. reports of the Secre? tary of the Interior, and of the Commis? sioner of Indian affairs; the faithful per? formance of our promises is the first con? dition of a good understanding with the Indians. 1 cannot too urgently recommend to Congress that prompt and liberal provis? ion be made for the conscientious ful 61 ment of all engagements entered into by! the Government with the Indian tribes ; to withhold the means necessary for the performance of a promise is always false economy,.and ia apt to.prove disastrous in its consequences. .Especial care is re? commended to provide for Indians set? tled on their reservations, cattle and ag? ricultural implements to aid them in whatever efforts they may make, to sup? port themselves, and by the establish ment and maintenance of schools to bring them under the control of civilized influences. ?. . , I see no reason why Indians,- who can : give satisfactory proof of having by their own labor supported than* families for a number of yeara, and who are willing* to detach themselves from their-tribal rela? tions, should not be admitted to the. ben? efit of the homestead act and the privi? leges of citizenship,'and I recommend the passage of a law to that effect It will be an act of justice as well aa a meas? ure of encouxagemeut. Earnest efforts are being made to purify the Indian sex LKG.AL ADVKRIinlNQ^-TT* are co m wiled to. require cash payment* for advertising ordered fcy Executors, Admin tstrators ui other fiduciaries and herewith append the rat? for the ordinary notice*, which will unlr be Inserted when the money comes with the oraeri Citations, two Insertions, '- ? - - $8.06 Estate Notices, three.Insertion?, - - . :ZM Final g?ft1^ffl?atift-flTy iflfotfftnf ... . j&QO TO CORRESPONDENTS?In order to recdre st tent ion., communications most be accompanied by tho true name and address of the writer. Be | jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless the necessary stamps are famished to repay the postage ' thereon. . ,.... ? We are not responsible for the riewsaad opinions of oar correspondents. All communications should be addressed to "Ed? itors Intelligencer," and all ctecks, drafts, money orders, <tc., should bo made payable to the order of EE. lOIBBAY & CO.. Anderson, 8. C. vice, so that every dollar appropriated by Congress shall redound to toe benefit of , the Indians, as intended. Those efforts will have my firm support. With an improved service, and every possible encouragement held out to the Indiana to better their condition and to elevate themselves in the scale of civili? zation, we may hope to accomplish, at the same time, a good work, for them and for ourselves. EDUCATION. The wisdom of legislation upon the part, of Congress in aid of the States for 'the education of the whole!people, in . those branches of study whic|f are taught I in the common schools of the country, is no longer a question. The intelligent I judgment of the country goes still further ' regarding it, as also both constitutional land expedient for the General Govera ; men t to extend to technical and higher ed i ucatiqn such aid as- is deemed, essential to - 'thegeneral welfare and to bur ddeprom ,ihence among the enlightened' and cul? tured' nations ?f the world the ultimate settlement of all questions of the future,' whether of administration.or .finance or { iof true nationality of sentiment, depends upon the virtue and intelligence of the . I people:' IK is- vain-'to hope for the suo jcess of a free goverrlment without the means of ensuring the intelligence of * those who are, the source of power. No less than one-seventh of the entire voting population of our country are yet uhable to read'and write. R w'enconr aging to observe in connection, with the growth of fraternal feeling in those States ; in. wb,ich slavery formerly, existed , cvi- ~ dence of increasing interest 'in universal ledncatron, ahdT shall be-glad t?'giveray approval to any appropriate measures which may be enacted by rCangrew for the purpose of supplementing with na? tional aid the local systems of education in. those States, in all the States. I be? lieve it to be desirable: not'so much'with reference to the local wants of the Dis? trict of Columbia, but to the great and lasting benefit of the entire country, that this system should be crowned with a !?niversity: In 'all respects in " keeping ' ?'with' the national capital, and thereby \ realize the cherished hopes of Washing? ton on this subject. I - also earnestly, commend' the request of the Regents of the Smithsonian' Institute, that an ado- - 'qnate appropriation be made for the es? tablishment and- conduct of it as. a na? tional museum, under their supervision. The question of providing for the pre jServation and growth_ of the library of (Congress is also, one" of national impor jtance; asthedepositorr of all copyright (publications and records. - This library has outgrown the provisions. for its ac? commodation, and the erection, on such isite as'the judgment of Congress may '.approve off a fireproof library building . to preserve the treasures and enlarge 'the . ; usefulness of this valuable collection is , recommended. r ?*?*"? ' ' ? ?? ? ' ? CONCLUSION.. . I recommend also such legislation as will render available and efficient for the purposes of instruction as far as consist rat .with the public service, .the Cabinet / or : museum of invention of surgery, of education and of agriculture and other, collections, and the.property of the'Na? tional Government., The Capital of the nation should-be something more than a mere political centre. -..We should avail ourselves, of all.the opportunities which Providence- has placed at pur command to promote the general intelligence of the people and in? crease the -conditions most favorable to the.success and perpetuity ofourinsti ti?ed) r E. B. HAYES. From Ott Columbia Remitter. An emlnenjt patriot, scholar ahdfjin- -* tleman, (we jndge from his production,) C1 hailing from "the great State of-Illii; )is, and moreover from~the 'sacred preaacta ofWinnebego County, has been attempt? ing to come the bulldozing opexatio:i on our Governor, who waa trea&d with sucht '?? profound respect aiid cwrrtesy oh'Thls re^ cent visit to that section. The eminent ' aforesaid is highly displeased with the speech of his fellow*citizen, Mr.Kimball, at our recent State,Fair, and forthwith proceeds to enlighten Governor Hamp? ton, the -people of Sooth Carolina^and the rest of mankind as to the antecedents, character, standing and general qualifica? tions of Mr. Kimball, as if the inhabi? tants of this region were not capable of forming an estimate for themselves. The production of this delicious fraud con? vinces us that the free. school system of IUinoifl. has .been tenjbly .neglected by iggest that the proper Bim, and" we sug_ authorities take charge of the i? youth and give him a little compulsory ' education, if not in manners and morals, certainly in the rudiments of English V literature. We print the letter as nearly '? literal in style and appearance as the1 types will allow: ' y EooKPOED, November 23,1877. ?Wade Hampton?SlB: the citizeos of Winabago County that were Loyal to thier country during .the rebelh'?n dont want yon. or .any of the rest of the boss negro breeders of your place to be to I jubilent over H P Kimball speech at. your last fair.for he did not express the ' sentiment of the mass here at the wesat at. all you sir are no better man to day than 1 yon wer daring the war you except the position because yon are obliged to and if you as Govr pf.S c dont behave your? self .yoa will be made to and yon could cot have perpetuated the war as long as yoa did naa it not been for just such men as H P Kimball and one other that I might mention here in Rockford they are a disgrace to the country their prop? erty ought to have been confiscated as much as any slave holder or any negro breeder oh we want just one more Rebel? lion so we could kill all such traitors and - such kind of .principled men as yoa are now. I should like to have yoa publish, this in the papers at your place and sen a coppy of it to the Rockford Gazzett the best paper printed in Winabago County' he is the best Editor in the state he dont change hid principles even if the admin? istration should he has been tried even as by fire " and now.with, malice tuored none and love to all I remain a believer in equal rights Sah SAH I dont like Kiraballs speech at your place at all -r-.-. ? " . \ ? M. Chatel, a French authority, re- . commends common salt as an antidote, for odium or mildew on the grape vines. He says that his vines and grapes were - covered for some years with this sub? stance, and that last spring he sprinkled a handful "of salt about the roots of each vine. The effect was marvelous; the vines' grew luxuriantly and bore an : abundance of grapes entirely free from the fungus of odium. ? K. M. T. Hunter, of- TO$*&^&'' C. Winthrop and N. P. Banks, of Massa? chusetts; Theodore M. Pomeroy, of New Yori:.Galu8ha. A. Grow, of.Pennsylva? nia ; Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana, and j James G. Blaihe, of Maine, are the liv- - I ing ex-Speakers of the House of Repre- ; 1 sentatives, ...