Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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E. B. MURRAY, Sditor. THURSDAY MOBHMrS, OEC. 6/ 1877. BY TELE6SAPH. Elections of Judges and Attorney Genera!. S- Columbia, 6. C, Dec 5,4 p. m. Col. A.C, Hasfcell was elected Asso? ciate "Justice, to fill the vacancy caused by Wriglit's resignation, to-day by ah almost UBpxumous vote! of the-Legisbture ijf Joint Assembly. : Gen. W- H. Wallace, of U/nion, '''the' present Speaker of the: 00080/of Repre-. sentafives, was elected Jodge^f the Sev? enth Circuit to nil the vacancy occasioned by, the resignatiou of Judge jNorthrop, ? Hon. Leroy F. Youmans was jelectod j Attorney General to' fill the vacany occa? sioned by the resignation of . Gen. James S. Connor. "....* *,.'"'" JAS. L. GEE.". Ex-Gov. Manning wjll represent Gai>: endon Coaaty in the^nate; Hon. T. B. Frazer will go to that body :frbm Sumter, | ll and CqI.-John D, Wylie from I^ncaster. . When such men.as these are sent to the Senate from Counties hitherto* Republi? can, it begins to look like old:' times in? deed. .. .. ? ?? ? rr~~ ... - Judge David Davis, the Independent;j Senator from Illinois, is taying^to show his independence by voting with- the Democrats on some measures, and then voting with the Republicans on - others, ; - while occasionally he" will not vote with either, By this policy he gains the favor of neither party, and loses the respect' iifj both. .]} > . Hon; T. B. Jeter, of Union, has been elected President pro tern of the State j ? Senate. Mr. Jeter is a gentleman j>f.j high character and fine abilities, ... He. will grace the; office to which he has been elected," and if he sbbuld be; called4rpbtf | to exercise the office of I^entonan^iGroy-'l ernor, or even , the Governorship,,..the j State would receive no detriment/at hisi hands. '.; . Gen. James S. Conner, has ; resigned the office of Attorney General, of SoutK Carolina, and retires at .once from the ] ?f duties of the office. Gen. Conner is an ^ ;able lawyer and retires.to meet the der;| mands of his large practice in Cliarleston.: *4jfob probable that the Legislature w?lj >. elect his successor, and .the name of the j Hon. Leroy F. Yoiimansi is promiuently mentioned in connection with the posi? tion. -v The city of Charleston has: a. full : fledged ticket of indepehdentt 'for the city election. As usual they stick the names of some of the ^Democratic nomi? nees npon their ticket, ? and hope to run their Trojan Horse into the-confidence of the people. Cid Charleston, will\.have the honor of demolishing this first inde p endentscheme, and. giving, to t h e State a worthy example of a live and patriotic Democracy. mm Col. T. Stobo Farrow has been, elected Clerk of the Senate trice Josephus; Wood? ruff, resigned. The selection c of ; Col. j Farrow is an; excellent one, and substi? tutes an honorable and polished gentle? man in the position which Woodruff has so long used for the purpose of aecaring unjust expenditures of the public money. CoL Farrow will mate a faithful and efficient publio officer. The Governor's message to the General Assembly is a moderately short one; written in terse style, and having point in almost every, sentence. ' He' takes a practical view of the various pub? lic questions before thp Legislature, and.j does not attempt to meddle with the pre^ rogatives of the law-making, .'body any further than is expected by him. The j message is a frank, manly and statesman? like document, which will in the main meet the approval of our entire people.. President Hayes' message, to Congress has been banded in, and is only noted for j being longer than itis*good. BEe defends j his Southern policy, favors resumption, opposes the remonetizatioirof silver, ex? cept to a limited .amount, defines ? bis civil service policy, /favors granting ci ti- j zenship to such Indians as detach tbem selves from their, tribe, urges a'fai?iful application of the Indian funds, favors Gen. Sherman's view of the necessity of increasing the army, and - refers to the fact that our foreign relations are for the most part friendly; We will. try to give;) our readers the massage next week, or at | least a full condensation of it. Dr. P. E. .Griffin, of Society Hill, S. C, has been appointed, Superintendent of the State Lunatic Asylum, instead: of Dr. J. F. Eusor. Tbis^ppointment is highly commended by those who know Dr. Griffin best He is a physician of high, standing, and ia well qualified for the position he assumes. He is a grad? uate of several medical colleges, begin? ning with the South Carolina Medical School, the Pennsylvania Medical Col? lege, the New York Hospitals, and end? ing with the hospitals in Paris. Since he returned to this country, he has had a large practice, and, therefore, brings a theoretical . and practical education to assist him in the discbarge of his new duties. The Republican family i.s not happy. Vicev President Wheeler by his. vote in the Senate where ties have occurred has shown, plainly that he. is opposed to Hayes, although . he represented differ? ently at the opening of the last session Of Congress; Stanley Matthews has de? serted the President's Southern policy, and voted against Butler and Spofford, ait hough be h elped to inaugurate it. Patterson openly attacked the Presi? dent's Southern Policy and ridiculed it, but no Republican opened his mouth to defend the head of the party. The indi? cations are; that Mr. Hayes has no strength, and that instead of the party being built up, it is certainly wasting away. When they loseithe. Senate, as they are sure to do in 1S79, there will be nothing left of Republicanism in tbe na? tion. DEMOCRATIC CLUBS. The Democratic victory, which was achieved last year under such adverse circumstances, was the natural result of the thorough and complete organization of the Democrats of South Carolina, from the mountains to the sea-board. With? out this organized effort we would to-day have been under the domination of a Chamberlain, aliffoT a corrupt and" venal* legislative body.^ Governmental reform would hive been torusWdim spectre of theTnTure7an3Tfhe wbeTbT the past would have afflicted us where the blessings of the present are enjoyed by all of our peo? pled ^e01ib^^.^?',$6atih: Carolina from Republicanism;- despite the im? mense oddV which we're' Opposed to us in the carffim? m.a -magnificent, : tribute to ?the eh^eiency; the:ip^triotism, and the 'sagacity displayed' by the Democratic Clubs; and a power, which has done so much for;qurv/ppUticid interests., should not he. allowed to become a wreck. It should be.kept intact, and maintain the. controlling in^ence which it has/estab- ] lished in.lhe.control: of our - State. '. The achievement of - a single victory .does not place South Carolina -beyond the blight? ing reaicn'of"the political despoUersi It is true that Republicanism as such is dead, but'itstwinibrother yet;-lives in the form, ?fe?Independents^" who ? are nothing more nor less -man a set of un? principled office-seekers, who ' are 'all things with- all men,- for.the sake. of ingratiating themselves- ihto public office. This element is worse than pure Repub lii^anism, and if it should triumph in Booth Carolina the:-misfortunes of the past would; appear*;insignificant beside the -evils which wonld r'afHict us. This is the foe which affronts, us for the coming campaign,. aud;it-is/the duty of every Democrat, and of every patriot, to pre? pare to cruslf such"a- movement in rte in? cipience /Tils can'QttJy be done by the maintenance of a solid and vital Demo? cratic organization, which will keep the jgood citizen8'i5rfr the^tate together, in j-cypoatiph". to the %reclc;ers who* would jdeUgnt :ih me destruction of the property of a whole State, if by the mishap they could secure some paltry office for them? selves/ Tnese'-menare p^i^rmlly sebish," and will not hesitate attempting to array section against section, race against.race, and class against class. j We must not a^ow^e^fet^'to ^ tttoThe controVof such men, and the only security against their success is the continuance of our -party-organization, as slrong or stronger .than eyjer.- Our Democratic Clubs should im^t,^I^anuary' or' February next, and reorganize for the' coming year. We need. strong' and energetic men at the .head of every CIti[B, arid;a determination (qn|the .j>art.;o/every'^member" to make the canvass of . 1878 a 'greater ,success than that of'last year. Our Clubs shonld meet rejgtilarly once every month or two months until .the canvass opens; and' in ?the meantime the Executive Committees, should see every man? in the County, and secure as many new members-for the or , ganization as possible. We must not let the ?victory of last year ; throw,, us offr guard. If we wish to retain the bless? ings of good government?with low taxes and, capable pfficer^werintist be yigf-: lant, we must arouse\ anew our Demo-., cratic Clubs. It :will not do to put this off too long, and-we hope the presidents' of, the ^verai Clubs in Jthis County will call their Club3 together during the next two months/'for.the .purpose of forming the line of ppiitfcal battle .of 1878. Old Anderson led the1 van of our glorious redemption. She.ought to lead the host which will more firmly establish and protect' our political Vedehiption next year. Ail Democrats should be up and doing in the work of reorganization. j I-.. .. ? ' ? - ': ; ? THE STATE'1 PENITENTIARY. ? a j irfguufi . u % j;% .:? : ??? ? > ! Col.. Theadore W. Parmele has sub-; m'itted his report as Superintendent of the State Penitentiary to the Board of Directors, and in it makes various sug? gestions and* explanations, preliminary to asking for increased appropriations for nest year. . He begins with call Lag atten? tion to the fact:that he has expended $36,916.89 for maintenance during the past year, which leaves* a deficiency of $11,269.14. The. average number of con? victs confined to the Penitentiary was 465 per day, making the expense for each prisoner .179.39, according to', the Super? intendent's showing, which he says could. have been reduced if money to pay in Cash had been furnished him. He then1 shows that prisoners have been hired out as follows: During the whole year, 150 to. John CkSeegera; since July 18tb, 20 to Charles Mahew; and Since September 24th, 10(). to the Greenwood and Augusta 'Railroad. By an average it will be seen that about 180 have been absent from prison, which, taken from the average of ;485; leaves an average of 285 who have, ?been confined in the Penitentiary; and thus the cost of maintenance, instead of being $79.39, as estimated, has been j $129:53 per prisoner. This is a very great discrepancy between the estimate f of; the Superintendent and the actual I facts of the case, which he will of course explain by saying that his estimate is based simply upon the commitments, but there is no substance to this calculation, : and it is calculated to deceive. Twist it as yOU may, the cost of sustaining con? victs in the Penitentiary has been $129.53, instead of $79.39, as the Superintendent's report is calculated to make a casual reader believe. He next expresses his opposition to the plan of hiring out' the convicts on the ground of the frequency of escapes, which he says are in the proportion of from 1-2' to 28 per cent, per annum. His argument would be conclusive upon this point "if it was impossible to guard against these escapes, but we believe the proper use of chains would prevent these escapes, and legislation requiring this precaution should be adopted. The cost Of keeping prisoners at the Penitentiary is entirely too high, and the State should be saved this expense by hiring out its criminals, where they will at least have to, support themselves.: The crime of the State ought not tobe a. tax upon the law abiding citizens, and the only way to prevent this is to. hire out the criminals. If ihese are employed in some public ?ndertakingj as the construction of ca? nals, railroads, &c., the State will gain more than by attempting manufacturing, as recommended by the Superintendent. ' :T?0 Superintendent informs the public that with the approval of the Board of Directors, he made an extensive tour through the North to examine the Peni? tentiaries of that section, but fails to in? form us- who foots the bill for bis edu? cation in penology, and therefore we conclude that the expenses; of that trip are a pa ' of the deficiency reported,- or is to be reported hereafter. If so, we think he had better have deferred his Jour until he could obtain an appropria? tion for this object. Speaking of escapes, he says: | In^tbe accompanying report you will note the escape of 73 convicts during the year. Of this number. but 9. escaped from the prison grounds, the balance from working details, as below stated : Escaped from Seegers' plantation, 34; teamsters, 2; boat detail, 6; brick .yard, 3;._. wood cutters, I j. Satada dam, 4; Greenwood and Augusta Bailrqad Com? pany, 13 ; State House, 1; penitentiary endraure, 9; total, 73. . ( , ., Of. tbis number, seventeen were recap? tured, besides two. who' escaped', during prfevious years. I am not surprised at the 'indignation' of the conjmuhity_be? cause of such escapes,, or that .it has ? '? .brought upon me,, whefher justly or not) the' severe 'animadversions of the press ffoiu certain quarters. ' / : A?tbe. Stete Lunatic: Asylum,! where the inmates"are not likely, to. make com? binations for attack or escape, any visitor can see well constructed walls and build? ings; wberea8 at'the penitentiary, where a) wave' of tbe hand, or a word,,may be the signal for revolt,. we have .compara? tively, no. .safeguard except a rotten wooden'fence, mounted at intervals by guards, tbe prison cells being the Only [barrier. (^t night .There should be a '?shell'! or outside building to enclose the j cells, and a brick wall in addition. Iain making arrangements to complete the' north wing .of the prison to the second story, and nave already quarried the stone ' for it." ' We bave also about $W,000 bricks, which Can. be used for the walls andean make during the year tbe addi? tional number Quired. The^obl^.cast ings, wrought ii^In, lime, cement, tin for roofing, lumber and other material, must be .purchased if the work is to be,done. I have: now only1150 cells fit for occupa? tion, but with the north wing completed, as proposed, ?m; with a roof on each wing,'l will have 350 tenantable cells, or room for 700 convicts. ? i } He next makes the following judicious sstiggestion: , .? In vieW of the difficulty in obtaining arrest and return' of escaped convicts, I urge.that the sum of twenty-five dollars be allowed :by tbe State for delivery of each at the Penitentiary, to include all i charges: for transportation,. dieting, ? &c.,. provided that so person employed by the Penitentiary,-or by contractors for con-, vict labor, a hall have any interest in such payments. I also think that all Peniten? tiary j guards and! employees should be exempted from jury duty in the State courts,, for reasons which are obvious.. !; . j The ideas of the Superintendent are, hioweyerj fully developedirrthe following request for next.'year's.appropriationi' i My estimate for appropriation required for the next fiscal year is as follows: For maintenance, $35,000 ; for construc? tion, $10,000; tor equipment of shops abd material for. manufacture, $10,000 ; total, $55,000. . .. ; ., j If the foregoing is promptly approved by the General Assembly, so that we can at once make plana for the work, I see no reason ? why anyihing more wan a yearly: contingent appropriation, of $10, 000 should be mode for the Penitentiary hereafter, to be used only with the ap? proval of the Governor in case of neues-, sity., ..... ?. -; The Board of Directors compliment the Superintendent and endorse his sugges? tions, and conclude by recommending' that the salary of this officer be increased. We hope tbe Legislature -will see fit to amend this by substituting a recommen? dation that he' be . removed from Office. Mr. Parmele was one of Chamberlain's pets, and was.appointed by him Superin? tendent of the Penitentiary in recogni? tion of the services rendered by him in the Chamberlain-Green - campaign; of. 1874. These services consisted of abu? sive articles, written by Col. Parraeie to the Columbia Union-Herald, about the white people of South Carolina. We hope the Legislature wjll not concur in tbe recommendations of the Superinten? dent or Board of Directors. Our people are too poor to be taxed to carry out the elaborate visions presented. The. salary of tbe Superintendent ought not to be in? creased, because numbers of competent men can be obtained to discharge the duties of that office: on the present salary. The management of the institution ought in future to be more economical than it has been for past years, and to secure this a Superintendent who is a native of South Carolina, or at least a man who is not one of the Republican importations,, should be substituted for the present in? cumbent. The United States Senate has display? ed the partisan to an extent beyond any precedent in admitting Wm. Pitt Kellogg, as Senator from Louisiana over Judge Spofford, the duly elected Senator from that State, without even allowing the latter to take the testimony in his case. Kellogg, it will be. remembered, was a member of the Louisiana Returning Board, and was elected Senator by the bogus Legislature that board declared, elected in order to sustain the Packard Legislature. The Supreme Court of Louisiana has decided this Legislature to have been an illegal body, and it has long since dispersed and given place to the legitimate Legislature of the State, which elected Judge Spofford. D. T. Corbin had as good claim to the Beat given General Butler as Kellogg has to the seat he now occupies, and this amounts in equity to no claim at all. The action of the Senate on this matter was simply monstrous, aud shows the iniquity to which the Republican party will resort for the purpose of perpetuating its power. The people of Louisiana should not submit tamely to such an in j dignity, but should immediately proceed to prosecute Kellogg for the alleged frauds of the Returning Board, and thus put him where he cannot misrepresent a sovereign State, under the pretense of being an honorable Senator, when in fact he deserves punishment for a foul conspiracy in counting the vote of bis State. Tbe celebrated Timothy Hurley has not yet been given an opportunity to un? burden what he knows about the frauds of Republican rule in South Carolina. If the present Investigating Committee are too much fatigued by their past labors to undertake to procure Hurley's testi? mony, would it not be well for the pres? ent Legislature to appoint a committee, specially to take his testimony, and to look up the Land Commission swindles which seem to have passed unnoticed, so for. The people want it all, and from what has been made public $p to tbe present time, we are inclined" to. think there must be a great deal to be learned yet. Let us bear from Hurley. Daring the present session of the Leg? islature there will be a strenuous effort maddto revive the South Carolina Col-! lege,;nnd in ordei to accomplish this re? sult, heavy appropriations will be asked at the bands of the Legislature. \ Before undertaking thiB work it would be ad- j visable for the members of the General Assembly to count the cost and calculate ?ie benefit to be derived from the execu? tion of the proposition to revive. The first element entering into the problem at this time, when the State is soj^reatly burdened, is the question of necessity. Are our present educational advantages sufficient for the needs of our State ? and, if not, are we in a condition to better them? are the'principal'inquiries to be answered. ..In reply .to'the first, we are disposed to. ans wer in the affirmative. The-: Furmah. ? University,. the i Wofford College,-the Adger College, the Erskine Collegej tbe .; Charleston College, and;the Newberry CoUege^Afibrd ample pppprtu nities.for collegiate instruction of a high' order-,- a'nd'it'is esrJecfa'Ry noticeable that most of,these institutions are gradually, but ! purely,',elevating the atapdar? of' scholarship, and will, in the course -of a. few years,1'he all'that could ?be^desired if: they receive proper [encpuragemeht from; the people .qf. pur ^iateV'. The esfablish ment of a.State - University will tend to: retard the progress of these other institu? tions, .'and witf jrnost- probably injure, in s6ejadbfiadyance', the cause, of higher ed-.. ucation in the State. In the next place, we are-satisfied that the expense con? nected with establishing the1 State Uni? versity will greatly exceed the Wnefits to. accrue from it. To establish it upon a lower order -than Harvard,- Yale or the University of Virginia would be "a prodi? gal .waste; qf money,., when we naive so many institutions already in operation, and to make it the equal of the celebrated. institutions named would require a very large annual outlay' of money, which could be.mucb more advantageously em? ployed in the common schools of pur State if they are properly j managed. The University cannot be made a success at this time, and our Legislators will do well for their- constituents to. let the jWhele subjectgo unacted upon,:,Until we recover our financial equilibrium. A State institution is a great thing to talk about, "nut unless it is established ander more"favorable circumstances than those 'which 'oppress* ub at this-:. time, it wilt sw*ely.prpve;a very costly piece ?f .sentit mentalism. The University .of Virginia is the only first class institution of learn? ing ih the:South,; \*jt?t?r/is understate"' management, ftat'.e^pys^/any.^yery. ex? alted reputation, and yet nearly every Southern 8tate has its "University." If ours is. revived we cannot hope to rise higher than a respectable mediocrity, for there are too many competing Colleges for the size of our State, and hence in view of these facts we should snap so Un? profitable outlay of pnbtfc'money.. j The re-establishment of the whipping post for certain crimes in this State has j been very generally discussed in the press of South Carolina,/and. the opinions are ' somewhat.different over the State. It is ?a subject of great importance to the. peo? ple of? South Carolina,' and commends it- - self to the consideration of our Li^islai ture at this session. , There is . no doubt that there is throughout the State a class . of petty thieves1 and offenders who have no pride, no character and no dread of imprisonment, so long as the thought of it is associated with idleness and enough to eat The present system of punish? ment is an incentive rather than a deterer tq .crime. Every , one who, is. familiar with the inferior courts of our State has, doubtless observed this, and in some in? stances these petty thieves have openly acknowledged that they did not mind rest ing in jail for. one month. This condi-, tien of things is injurious to the peace and order of society and does not deter from crime; but by allowing it to go.pra? tically,unpunished as to the beginnings, tends to train up hardened criminals by the failure to punish little ones. This should be provided against,'and; as the most efficient mode of prevention we are. inclined to favor decidedly the re-estab? lishment of the Whipping poet for all petit larcenies and breaches of trust un? der $20.00. If this shonld be done, and the law so amended as- to authorize the officer sentencing toU imprisonment in County jails, to direct the working of the criminal upon the streets with ball and chain, the amount of .petty crime would be wonderfully decreased. The objection that whipping is barbarous has no force in it when, properly viewed,, for such is not the fact of the case. It is' not inju? rious to the health of the criminal, but is simply the -application of a punishment to the feelings of a man who is .not apt to be reached through the, means , of re? fection, and another reason in answer of this objection is that no one is compelled to be whipped. If a man obeys the laws of society.it does not interfere with him, and if a criminal chooses to lay himself, liable to a flogging he can only blame himself for getting it. The rights of peo? ple who obey law deserve protection rather than those who disobey, and pun? ishments should be inflicted with a view to this distinction; We need some: harsher punishment than mere imprison? ment, and we believe that the right to sentence jail birds to work on the streets, and the application of the lash to petty thieves, will do a great deal to restore ! honesty and check stealing, together with Other small crimes. More than a week has elapsed since th'o time appointed for Judge Hum? phreys, of Washington, D. C, to deliver his opinion in the Patterson habeas corpus case, and yet it is not forthcoming, for reasons that are not stated. The appear? ance is that he has pocketed the papers, and intends holding them in order to keep Patterson out of the hands of the law, for the purpose of retaining a Re? publican vote in the Senate. If this is so he may shiqld "Honest John"; by one means and another until March, 1879, when the champion briber ..ill retire from his seat in the Senate,- and receive the assiduous attentions of the law offi? cers of the State of-. South Carolina. Justice is sometimes slow to overtake the i criminal, but Patterson stands a very fine chance to be supported by the State as a distinguished occupant of one of the safest cells in the penitentiary. The visions qf five years more of stealing in South Carolina have doubtless vanished j from his fertile imagination, and have j been replaced.bv the horrid phantoms of shaved head ana striped suit, the inevita- j ble ensign ofpenal servitude. The Columbia Register corrects us in reference to the position assumed by us relative to the sentences of the State offi? cials, and cites the fact that Carpenter and Cardozo could not be sent to the Penitentiary, because the Supreme Court ?has decided in the case of the State vs. Hord that "a Judge cannot sentence a party to hard labor in the Penitentiary unless such punishment is authorized by some statute of the State."' Our contem? porary then cites us to the fact that Car? penter's offense was forgery, which by the statute is punishable by imprison? ment for not less than one nor more than seven years, together with such fine as : may be deemed expedient, and under the decision above quoted he could not be sent; to the Penitentiary. Upon examin? ing the subject we are satisfied that the prisoner could not be sent to the Peni? tentiary on a charge of forgery, although we have known instances in.which it has .been done, and from the precedent we supposed-it to be in. accordance with the statute, and think that the law should be so -amended -as to allow imprisonment in the State Penitentiary for such cases as may arise in the future, though' there should be a saving clause in the act to retain the present punishment for all such offences as have been committed up to the present time. In tbe Cardozo case our contemporary cites the fact that he was , only indicted for conspiracy, and could- not be sent to the Penitentiary under the case referred to above. In this he is also correct, but at the time of -writing, our article we supposed Cardozo was. also charged with breach of trust, which is punishable by sentence to the Penitentiary. The'general statutes pro? vide in chap. 129, sec. 11, page 653, that "any person committing a breach of trust with< fraudulent intention shall be held guilty of larceny;"' and if Cardozo had been properly charged, there would have been no difficulty in sending him to the Penitentiary. We do not understand why he should have been let off on a lighter, charge.. If a man is guilty of murder, it would be manifestly improper to only- convict him of assault and bat? tery; and so it seems to us unfortunate that, Cardozo should escape upon a con? viction of conspiracy, where he could as easily have been convicted of a breach of trust. The fact that other warrants are hanging over the ex-Treasurer amounts to nothing, inasmuch as they are not expected to ever be tried, end when, bis present sentence expires he will, .be allowed, to depart' in peace, unless he manages to get .off. sooner, which is not improbable. The explana? tion of the Register, however, exhono rates Judge Townsend from any respon? sibility in the failure of Carpenter and Cardozo to receive their just dues in tbe Penitentiary. The law is at fault in the instance of Carpenter, and the indict? ment in that of Cardozo. The Usury Law is again before the Legislature, and we are gratified to no-', tide that it is probable, tbe bill to re<>. enact tbe law limiting the rate of interest is likely to become a law. We have al? ways held the view that a country, the chief occupation of which is agriculture, Should have an established rate of inter? est,; which cannot be exceeded without the violation of Jlaw. A commercial c??htry does . not need this protection,' and in some instances it would be hurtful to have it; but in South Carolina our ag? ricultural interests are by far the most extensive and important, and experience shows that farmers cannot borrow money at high, rates of. interest without becom? ing bankrupts. The money lender is not to blame 'for taking whafrthe law allows him, and securing the highest market price - for bis. money. It is reasonable and proper for him to do so, but the Gov? ernment has the right to dictate the terms upon which money shall be used, because it is the creation of Government, and the power which creates, by the very laws of nature, has the right to control the use of the article it manufactures. It is simply a question of expediency, and we believe it to be expedient, for the general good, or in other words the great? est good to the greatest number, that the rate of interest should be regulated. This subject has been fully discussed, and every one has made up his mind either for or against the law, and nothing, that can now be said will be likely to have any effect on the vote of the Gen? eral Assembly or on public opinion rela? tive to it. i Our contemporary is^ hard to please. Twice be has expressed wonder and sur? prise that certain County officers only advertise in the Intelligences, and when we informed him of the reason for it, like a spoiled child, he cries out, "I didn't ask you!" and then shows the animus of his action by seeking to make a personal quarrel with us. The accusa? tion tbat we wrote our last week's article to vent spleen is a compliment to us, for the article is certainly not splenetic, and if the charge made is true, it shows tbe absence rather than the. existence of spleen. So far as the charge that we have only been in the Democratic har? ness for about two years is concerned, the mildest answer that we can make is tbat it is conspicuously incorrect, and so long as human nature retains the redeeming quality of allowing actions to speak louder than words, we are content to leave our record to be judged by the fruits produced by our action on public questions. We have more important themes for discussion than the vaunting of personal qusrrels in tbe columns of the Intelligencer, and trust we can afford our readers something more inter? esting than articles of personal abuse, where no public end is to be subserved. The United States Sloop of War "Hu? ron" sailed from Norfolk, Va., on the 24th of November, in the face of .the dan? ger signals, and when off the North Car? olina coast encountered a terrific storm. The vessel, from unaccountable cause, made to the coast instead of putting to sea, and was wrecked near a point called Nags, with a fearful loss of life. Out of 138 officers and men on board, only some thirty were saved. Gross carelessness was exercised in ordering the ship to sail in defiance of the danger signals, and the Navy Department will fully investigate it, and punish to the full extent of its power waoever is found culpable. It appears to have been one of 'lie most reckless exposures of human beings to death that is on record, and should not be lightly passed over. Tbe Senatorial straggle is over, and the State of South Carolina once more has a voice in the Senate Hall of our na? tion. On last Friday night , the vote upon the admission of Gen. M. C. Butler, as Senator from this State, was reached, and resulted in his admission by one ma? jority. Patterson and Connover voted with the Democrats, and Judge Davis did not vote either way. Gen. Butler was then sworn in ?TSeh?tor from South Carolina for the next six years. The Republicans made the most desperate efforts to prevent him from obtaining the seat to which he had been clearly elected, but his case was too strong, and was managed too ski 1 fully for them. . Every-, thing that political hate and malignanty could bring to bear was opposed to him, but his cool conduct,, sterling ability and just cause was too much, even for Radical rascality to overcome,.and he triumphed over them, and through him the people of South Carolina have triumphed over the slanders and vituperations which'/ have been heaped upon us unanswered for so many tears'. Hereafter the nia?; who dares defame our people in the Sen? ate will be apt to be withered by the elo? quent defense the Palmetto State will re? ceive at all times from our new Senator? M.C. Btitler. .. - ' Oh Monday last jthe extra session of Congress was adjourtied'by Kmftationyae ? the first Mbtfday in December fe tbe constitutional time for . the regular meet:' ing. Immediately after adjournment, the regular session was opened, and the usual routine of opening gone through.' The session just closed .has been a long and tedious one, with very meagre re? sults. Most of the time has beenspent in passing the artoy'-appropriation bill, and the discussion of political questions such as membership, presidential appoint? ments; &c. The House has done some valuable general legislation?as in the' passage of tbe Silver. Bill, the repeal of the Resumption Law, and other matters; but the Senate has been-too- intent upon maintaining a Republican ' majority to bestowany consideration upon subjects of general legislation, Its action has. been partisan in the extreme, i The re? tention of Patterson, and the seating of Kellogg, will mark' it in'bistery, as the first Senate tbat ever lowered its honor by retaining- as a member a man who obtained bis election by ftotoripus bribe? ry, and^by seating a man who was never ?elected by a legal Legislature. .We hope One more session after the. present..will close the Republican dynasty in the Senate forever.. SWAtXS RESIGNS. S...A. S wails, .colored' Senator ; from. Williamsburg, has yielded to the inevi? table and resigned as Senator from that County, and of course as President pro tern, of th e Senate. Of course this action was takeu for his country'3 .good, and therefore, the historian will be compelled to write that he has done ehe patriotic deed, even if it was' caused by the fear of the law. He resigned in person, and on leaving the Senate bade its members the following farewell -' - . ! Senatoes?In '.tendering iny resigna? tion, there are many' things that I should erobably say, and many more that may e left unsaid; but I feel it my duty,;as it is my inclination, to say before leaving a few words to those'with whom I have been associated for.several years. Every. Senator knows the great workandgreat fight going on within 'the State borders, and I state very frankly that I am un? equal to the task ; that man made by God is unequal to the fight. I have been a member of this body for the last nine years, and as the last of those who. have been members of the Senate since recon? struction, I know of 1 nothing in my ac? tions and duties as a Senator to. which. I can look back as done against the inter? ests of tbe State. or of my people. But the severe pressure of friends, of family, of those we esteem more thau self, will sometimes force a man to do things against; self will. I am about to leave this Sen- ? ate, but. in doing so I leave it with the kindest feelings to every Senator. For the last six years I have honorably, and, to "the best of my ability, filled the post-, tion of President pro, tern. It is a posi? tion of peculiar and delicate responsibil? ities ; but if at any time during my ad? ministration any Senator has felt grieved, at my 1 ulings, I trust he will forget it, and attribute it, if an error, to the head, 'and not to the heart. Senators, I thank you for the uniform courtesy you have always shown me, both as Senator and President pro tern. AFFAIRS IN WASHINGTON. From Oar Rejrnlar Correspondent. Washington,. Dec. 1, 1877. At the opening of the extra session of Congress the Republicans had a majority of five in tbe Senate. Morton's death and Voorhees' appointment reduced it to three, including Sharon, the "Bonanza King." The excitement during the last few days has been intense, and the possi? ble loss of a working majority, has given serious alarm to the Republicans. Every inch of ground will be sharply contested, and tbe struggle will be a bitter one. At this writing the Senate has been in con? tinuous session for over twenty-seven hours, and there is little chance of ad? journment for as many more. Patterson and Con?ver are not reposing on a bed of roses. The former is resting under very grave charges of having secnred his seat by bribery, while the latter has doubtless been allured by promises of political preferment. Tt is apparent that some understanding has been had, and it is said that the vote which Stanley Mat? thews cast with the Democrats, to pre? vent an investigation of the alleged alli? ance, is a full confirmation of its exist* ence. Whether this struggle shall shift the political supremacy on to Democratic shoulders or not, make little difference, as it is certain to be accomplished in the near future. Such changes seem incident to every popular government. The po-; litical pendulum vibrates to and fro, and it is hardly possible for any party to maintain tbe ascendancy for an indefi? nite period. The wreck of the United States steamer "Huron," with a loss of one hundred lives, is an evidence of the value of the signal service to our commercial marine. This steamer was ordered to sea by Ad* miral Trenchard in the very face of the danger signals at Norfolk and Cape Hat? te ras. The utter disregard of all these signals lost the navy a hundred brave.; fellows, and a thorough and severe in? vestigation of the matter ia demanded by the public. The Pacific Railroads are seeking an adjustment with the Government by sur? rendering twelte millions of acres of land, granted them as. subsidies. Were this possible it would open to settlement, by ^the. advancing' army of emigrants, some of the most valuable lands of our national domain. Many embarrassments will arise from liens already created by land grant bonds and government mort? gages. The flood so widespread in its work of devastation, has done great damage here, A portion of the famous* "I#ng Bridge," so well known by every soldier, and which was built in 1808,'succumbed to the'angry waves yeste"rdayV~r The United-States emigration reports show that y^xas fa deceiving a vast addi? tion to her population by large colonies of *thrtfty Germans, and from present in? dications the Teutonic element will soon be in the majority. The action of the House in the passage of the anti-resumption bill" has created serious misgivings on account of the manifest sectional diversities indicated [iny?j?fc7 . Were the individual views of our Representatives not confined to and? made up by sections, no alarm would be .felt, . It cannot be denied that the West and-South are allied-against the East; Is it possible that hidden in the smoke of this conflict 'the real contest is .being waged between" the debtor and ticre^tor classed, ' / ; ' !t ,. : A new 'machine is now on exhibition in the Treasury Department, which will "take the'"place of the hand press, and strike off 5,000 reversed stamps and greenbacks ?ach day, and reduce 90-100 of the force now employed in the bureau .pf engraving and jprfri?Bflg;.' ? "There are some things real. Here are two silver dollars, one of them coined by anationso insignificant that in face of her outrages and indignities, were we to > declare war against her we should be the laughing-stock of all nations; yet, this piece of coin will 'pass for one dollar, and purchase its equivalent in every land. Here* ^another,- beautiful ftf exterior. It bears on its face the motto of a great country) and on its shield a proud bird's irn^ge.Theflag . it representsVwaves" under every sky, and commands-respect. This'coin is by no means equal in value to'the* Mexican one, and will notpur , chase in Canada a dollar's worth of Florida.ocahg'ea^r. '.. Fax1> Patterson has ? done ? one good deed, . among-: perhaps ,'a thonsaud ,barj.*qnes. He voted to 'seat Senator Rqtler,.but-:on the same day voted to seat Kelloggj the miserable pretender from Louisiana. ' ' Under the" SnporrMon pt.-the Executive Committee of Pomona, JJranffe. Worthy Master, Brothers and Sisters of A Meeting of your Grange .'is respect" fully called on Saturday, 8thproximo, at your: Grange hall:' at 10 b'clpcii:a.. xti* Brothers Lee and Brown will-.-meet with you and deliver addresses on the Grange add its'working. Theentire people are in vi ted to attend, -. and I req ues t that the officers make all necessar^arrangemeats. . . Wdrthy MiSt^^ ? .. ..' I .:. .. ''.?--r-.'K ?-. We must be permitted, to congratulate Granges No. 155 and 213 upon their re? organization: and hopeful ?prospects of future* usefulness. Each .has sixteen 'members,1 'survivors of the ttithful* few. May thev never again :be read puff on; the roll of dqlinqueqt8,^npr, forget^to greet jtheir Pomona Secretaij'tWtiir-anost ap Soved istyle and acceptable manner, at; e e|pjfjgg|f^chj^e| gj | ' The following resolution was adopted unanimously by Sandy 8prings.Grange'' at their regular meeting on Satarday, December 1st ,1877: Resolved, That Sandy Springs Grange heartily concurs in the resolution,of Clio Grange relative to the undue advantage attempted by the cotton -buyers of our large eitie? by*-requiring'the- producer or seller to lose the weights of bagging and-; ties pp. all cotton sola. "- / .~ ' '.-'?"" -The following additional Subordinate Granges are "clear" on the books of the Secretary of Pomona Granges visi Nos. 155,177; 213, 339. (Aaerrorin the type caused an omission of No. 177 last week.) There are several other 1 ive Granges who I have not responded- for the third quarter. Brethren, can't you come in and put yourselves square on the books' -before our next issue? If you do not, we shall be compelled to announce your names tft;trieiw?rid;-. -r~: '-T fai'?";-?'" "Coflfee. . ; " ' 1' Professor Hollyard, of San Francisco, is making an effort to introduce the cul? tivation of coffee into California. He gets the seed from Liberia, and starts the plant under his own supei vision, with a view- of distributing.thep over the State for culture. There is a strong probabili? ty that the enterprise will succeed, inas? much as it is said that a plantation of ?some fine hundred coffee trees are now : growing in that. Statej and bravely sur ; vived the" rigors of the last winter, which was about aa cold as it ever gets to. he in that country. j Tea. The Commissioner of Agriculture seems to have an impression that the China tea plant will succeed m this State, and in order to test that impression, proffers to furnish a .number of tea plants to some suitable person, wbo would care for them properly and cultivate carefully, -not less than twenty trees as an experimental orchard. We hope some energetic farm? er will take up this proposition and prac- j tically demonstrate the: question as to whether tile tea plant maybe profitably grown in the upper counties of South Carolina. Thai it will grow and stand our winters very well does not admit of a doubt Over thirty years ago Mr. Smith kept op a small tea farm in j Greenville County for several years, but finally abandoned it as unprofitable. He said it was very difficult to procure i either the setd or the plants from China, as that government was very jealous ot? her monopoly, and at that time main? tained the strictest prohibition against the exportation of either. He also made application- to the State Legislature for public aid to enable him to purchase the plants and develop his farm. There are a number of .tea plants now growing in this and "adjoining Counties that have ; withstood many winters, from Which we' have enjoyed a pleasant cup of the native nectar. Through the energy of our Com-; missioner, Mr. Le Due, we hope to hear something more on the subject of tea culture, and in the meantime we modest? ly desire to intimate that, none of our farmers will refuse a plant or two for i YOUB PICTPBE I REMEMBER that I received a Silver 4 Medal for the Pictures exhibited from my Gallery at the last Anderson Fair. We are getting a great deal or work to do, and Capt Wren's pictures give universal -satis? faction. Every one should take advantage of the opportunity now offered them. ? > J. D. MAXWELL, . No. 4 Brick Range. ; ? frov29,1877_' '?*?2t r': ?OB SA3LE?A good Buggy, Plow and Saddle HORSE. Apply at this Office. Send for Reduced Price Ust of MASON & H?MLfN CABINET ORGANS: NEW and SPLENDID STYLES: PRICES RE? DUCED ?10 to ?60 EACH, THIS MONTH, (MOV. Wi 1877.) Address Mason & Hkmltn Organ Co., M Bot ton, New York, or Chicago._:..?.. ? - .-? C0NP1DEHTTAL Notice to Agent*. New Organs r. 16 Stops 8120, 13, 896, 12, ?85, Piasos rtv, ^wKo ?175. DANIEL F, EEATT.Y, S2001 PER MONTH made selling scope or Planetary Toe, JiackA 'n? required BUCKEYE NOV^. -?To Arrive I BY the nextt train/ iCHOIOE, NEW CROP NEW ORLEANS MO L ASSES, an for sale low by TfVT HnT'!^,^ ?'-;~ A. B.rro3WE&rd5?>.' Dec 6,1877 ^ fr-??T# ?' - ;?'* Flour, Tlour. TX7-ADE SAM-PTONj..and other ? celeluak^ . TT "ied" brands of Tennessee Floor, for* sale by A. B. TOWERS & CO. Decfi, 1877 v 12^ . ? , ,. Every Week! WE are receiving additions, to nor large Stock of General Merchandise! which we will sell low for cash. Give us a call before ? "VTOTJ.CE of FINAL SETTLEMENT.' X~ The,-undersigned,. Adnnnistrator of the Estate of J. T. KennedV, deceased, here? by gives notice that he will, oa Friday, the 4th.day of January, 1878, apply to W. W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate, for.s.Final Settlement of said. Estate, and a discharge therefrom. : MV L. KENNEDY, Adm'r. Dec 6,1877 , v;, ,:2l,;-. , AUCTION. _^TILL be sold at Pendleton, December ? YT ..15% 1877, at publfcoatery^r ; ; , ^On? Ho^fpur Muh? ,-. One Yoke Steers, . . One Double* Buggy and Harness,. ? j One Single Btfcgy and^tnesa, * , One^ two-horseWagon and Harness. Terms easy.' ? P. H. E. 8LOAN. Dec.6,1877 a 21 ? . . -2 rpHE Creditors of Jamxs W. '<~ JL ? are requested to meet me at CoUrt House, South Carolina,' on FRIDAY, the 14th day of DECEMBER, 1877, for the purpose of appointing an Agent, add to make sUch arrangements as may be desira? ble towards the settlement-otsaid Craw? ford's Estate, assigned'to me. ?? !. in} ., B. PRANK 8LOAN} Assignee,; j Seneca City, Nov. 28, Iflfc -Y ! " NOTICE. '[ LBERT J. CLINKSCALES,-qf Abbe . r ville County, State of South Cs^newr having tnide art assignment hi his property"" to me for the benefit of bis creditors, the greater number of whom, reside in the Conn- ?. ty of Anderson, notice-?s hereby given, ac? cording to the/Act of Assembly In such case provided, that the-Creditors of: said:' A. J. Clinkscales meet at Andereon Court House, South Carolina, FRIDAY, the 14th day of DECEMBER next, to. act in the premises, and name and appoint an agtnt according to law, if they deem proper. JAMES M. LATIMER, Assignee. Dec6,1877 :21 2 A Splendid Opportunity to iC'OB the next thirty.days -we will offer |?JE3 our entire stock of Buggies at COST for the CASH, or we will sell them <>n time at very Low Prices for approved Notes. : Our Buggies are now well known through? out the surrounding county, and any one' ! 'who may wish to purchase * Buggy may be : assured th at they will consult,their own in ? terest by calling on us' while we extend this [ favorable offer.'-; i <> ?.: ' >;: We will-do your Repair Work iewer than j ever, and guarantee our workmanship. ?" ::: -?<-? REED <fc STEPHENS, Main Street. South of Public Square. I Deo.6,1877 Ifr- - . 8m . STATE OF^SO?TH CAROLINA,: - . ANDEB80N COU5TY. \Ry\W<-W. Humphreys, Judge of Probate. WHEREAS, T. E. Watkins has1 applied to me to grant him letters of admin? istration on the Personal Estate and effects of Mrs. Lucy J. Griffin, deceased. : These are therefore to cite and admon? ish all kindred and creditors of the.aaid Lucy J. Griffln, deceased, to be and ap? pear before me in Court of Probate, to be held at Anderson Court House, on Friday,' 21st day December, 1877, after pub? lication hereof, to shew cause, if any they .have, why the said administration should not be granted. Given under my hand, this 5th day of December, 1S77. . W; WT HUMPHREYS, J. P. ? 'Dec 6,1877 ' . Ji2lfi? . :; '?;>?* ? T? will seh to &e Mghesf oldoer: on TUESDAY, the I8?Vdar,pt Dlfe . iER next; at <tbe: late^eBS?mtf Stephen Maret, deceased, near-Fair Play, all the Real and ; Personal Propfxty belonging to the Estate of Stephen Maret, deceased.: ? The Real Estate consists of. two Tracts of Land, as follows: Tract No. 1, or the Homestead, contain? ing by plat of same 222 acree, "adj?intogthe lots of the Town of Fair Play, on which is , a comfortable dwelling, and about forty acres of land., in cultivation, well suited for cottonrcor^.andwheat - rfJ<V>: Tract No: 2,* containing byplat ?faame 152 acres, more or less, lying on Beaverdam .. Creek, adjoining the .home; tract On this tract about twenty acres of good bottom land is opened and in cultivation, but no buildings. Purchaser to have possession . by Januaryl 1st, 1878.- ... .... , -., ,:? A plat of these landa will, be exhibited on day of sale. -LCi i . _ Also, at the same, time and place a small lot of Personalty, consisting of Household and Kitchen Furniture, a small stoclc of Hogs, some rent Cora, <fcc TERMS OF SA LE. For the Real Estate twelve months cred? it, with note and good security and a mort? gage of the premises, if deemed necessary, with interest at 7 per cent, from date, For the Personalty?for all sums "under five dollars cash, and for all sums over five dollars;a credit of twelve months, with note I and gtf&securtty, :wfth" interett irom date.; CLEVELAND MARET,) t??,^ ANDREW J. M^LRETJ ?Kxecutora Nov29,1877 2t> 8 J. B. CLARK, MERCHANT TAILOR, , . A3!DERSOX, S. WILL bejpleasedto receive the patron? age of the public at his rooms over BARR & FANT S STORE, on Granite Row, where he is prepared to do CUTTING and MAKING at the most reasonable rates, and in the latest styles. He also keeps on hand a full line' of SAMPLES from which bis customers may select :o?ii'will order tor tbem-at- fcvjrery small per -cent, on the original? o?st He respectfully requests persons wishing Suits, or parts of a Suit, to call and procure, bis prices before purchasbig. * ' ? v" ' ^5 Nov22,1877 19 , lm EXECUTORS SALE. THE undersigned will sell) at Executors of James Adams, deceased, on the Seventh day of December next, at the resi? dence of the late Capt. James Adams, de? ceased, in Martin Townshipi in this Coun? ty, at 10 o'clock, a. m., the following Per sonal Property, to wit f ' : ^ y; q Two Horses, Cattle, Hogs, A Gin, Thresher, Running Oeer. &c. ' Terms of sale Cash. W. C. ADAMS, 1 ? . ^, B. F. DRIVER j E2ecatora !77 -WT 19 . .jU ... Nov22,1877 ^ 19 ? 3? X? tSZ PtTBUC. THE pictures which we can now take ?will please all of our patrons, j Neither trouble nor time will be spared by us in our endeavor to give universal satislaction. ? J. D. MAXWELL,. No. 4 Brfc* Banste. Octl8,1877 14 :?? ? ^Sm