Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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E. B. MU RICAY, Editor. . nU?idUHf MUHNINH, AU?USI 10,10/4. OUE CIRCULATION. The Anderson IKTELLIG?KC?R hhs tho largest c?rcu???ioii u? BUY country paper published in the State, ?nd has more than three times tho circulation of any other pnper in Anderson County. Wo print and circulate regularly 1776 papers. Our list in thc County bas increased in stead of diminished, and wo hope ic- re ceive a Mill greater increase during the coming fall. We are willing at any time to verify the above by nn inspection of our subscription book, or our paper bills ; or when desired, we will furnish adver tisers with en affidavit of the correctness of our statement as to tho circulation of tho INTELLIGENCER. THE FENCE LAW. Essay read bu Afr. B. F. Crayton bf fort the ?State Grange, ujwn the subject of (he new Fence IAIW. Progress and improvement is the order of the day. We see it at every turn. Wc neither sow nor reap as our fathers did. Change is seen in everything save tho fencing around our fields. This alone is practiced ns it was two hundred Yean? ngo, and there is no change that has been made by an agricultural people, when change is so imperatively demand ed ni'.d so easily pointed out. To state it would seem to oe all that is necessary to argue it would onlv be to confound. The proposed chango In the fence law consists in this, nnd this only, fence or inclose stock and turn out crops. The arable or cultivated lands is about ten times as great as is necessary for pas ture. My observation ia that one acre is sufficient for each head of cattle, and that hogs pay best when confined in small pen?. I find by the returns in the Auditor's office of this County that the average farm is forty acres. This :s just ten times as much na is necessary for the pasture, as no farm of that size should Keep more than four head of cattle. As suming these returns to be corroer, mid to inclose thc farms of the County in ten acre field?, which, I believe, .? above thc average size, it would require, estimating rails at $1.00 per hundred, near $400,000 t?? pay for the fencing of mi? County. I believe it la generally conceded that ten per cent, annually is required to keep them in repair. Think of thi?, 940,000 annually spent in repairing fences-t ?um sulficient to pay our State and Conn ty taxes. If BO, can formera prosper under such management. Prudence and economy cry aloud for tho chr.r.gr. With OUf furent hind re duced moro than three-fourths in forty years, and our population increased five fold iu the aninc time, how long will it require, at thin rate, to destroy thc bal ance of the timber ? I think wc should leave some to posterity, at least enough tr? show thc kind of timber that formerly grew in this country. It is argued by Houie that this chango in tho fence law is demanded aloin; by the large land-own ers. I contend that tho reverse in true. A prudent man with a tract of fifty acrca will retain one-half in forest, whilst a tract of one hundred acres will require . ..... ? 1. ; ..1 a ?..".,. ,.f l)inll?nj I... IIIIC -.- HBU IM vr..v bBVUBMBU v~.u kept up with one hundred acres, or ten per cent. AB you will readily perceive, tho larger the premises, the larger the fields, the smaller number of rails per acre will be required to enclose them. Thia being the case, the poor man, on fifty acres, hos one-half locked up nr dead capital ; tho middle man, on hia one hundred acres, has but one-thud no?-productive ; and tho party willi one thousand can bring all into cultivation but ono hundred, thus reserving but ten per cent. It may bo urged that tho change will reduce the number 'if cattle, If so, good will be a"comp!i?hed, ?i? this ia not" a grazing country, and aa yon diminish the number you improve tho quality. Far better they bo kept on small pastures and Boiled, thus improv ing the manure heaps, and saving time by having them at hand instead of cours ing them by the bell, to be driven up at night or, what ia wi.rsc, Buffering them to remain out. Again, it is argued that by the proposed chango wo lose Um glean ing of the fields. I think it ia generally conceded that more injury ia dono the land and subsequent crops, than benefits derived by the stock. All good farmers know the great injury done to our fields by tho hoof in wet weather, and yet how few keep them off. I cannot see how any aane man can ina'at for the> present custom, when everything cries aloud for the change. Jndge T. J. Mackey. His Address before the people of Anderson on last Thursday upon the neto lince Lato-An able Speech and an Exhaus tive Argument. He who makes two sprigs of grass grow where but one grow before is a benefactor to his race. There is opposition to changing the habits of lifo ana tho value of property at all times. Man is restrain ed by a prudence leading him to "bear the ills that be rather than fly to thoso he knows not of." I advocate such a change in the fence system as ia measured by the terms of the act, allowing citizens to vote for or against it by counties or townships. This proposition to fence in stock and fence out crops if carriod is to bo law. I am always in favor of the farmer and the fence. What and who ia the South Carolina farmer, and what is his character and the resalta of bia evocation under the.present laws and surrounding circumstances f The Sooth Carolina farmer is honestly and industriously en gaged in cultivating the soil. He obtains food at the beginning of tho year by credit to enable him to carry on his farm. Continuing to labor for one year, bo sur -renders at its end hia crop to poy for what he has obtained on credit, ana after a prosperous business of this kind be dies, insured of a respectable funeral, with a large number of creditors attend ing it, and tho country editor mourns hia deatn ana, wuiis uouiiuvui?i?u?K virtues, strikes his name from tho delin quent list of subscribers. Th's pursuit, agriculture, is tho foundation of a State's wealth, and has been unorganized until the grange, which is the first movement or organised effort on the part of our farmers, and, as the result of ita effort, tho new fence had its origin in the Legit* lature. The opponents of tho measure must stand, if at all, on the whole statutes of the (State, ff the new law is not adopted, all mnst depend on the old. 'This was adopted in South Caroiina in 1694, and waa without change until 1789, , . ? ?_I _ *_*-\ *-Sr-JE-- -1 - BRU UCUOCU x% 11?Tr lui loin? ma m; TOIIVD O.* feet high, weil built and strong, lt was, amended so aa to require it to bo strong and five feet high, provided that' owners, of cultivated land have no redress for damages unless they are fenced in aa re huir**? by ??w, bat t?/ere is so law deny-! ing tho owner control of his wood lands; and ?he right of action tor depredations on his soil and grasses. Then? is not one k?re of woddiiacd that the owner cannot ha7e damages for ?attie crossing ?he invisible and unmarked boundary which defines bia peadons. Tho fence ?aw ia ? restriction on thc- sst???! law of, abd owners of land, and docs not apply j to theownert of oncnltiyated fields. But'j ii tba.i oiraw finds near' his cisltftated lands any roving stocky he can impound them forton day*, and after giving no tice to a trial justice, advertise, ?PP?** Aid sell them under -the statute. What advantage will be gained by defeating this measure and leaving the law, as it now is, unchanged? Hut it is suggested that the right to impound onlv Applies to cstrays, os they are the cattle of un known owner?, but in 1780 the law re quired thc branding and mat-kirtg of cat tle, and unmarked and unbranded cattle before the courts are unknown. When this law was enacted, not one bead of cattle ra?, without ita keeper, omi the preamble of the oct recites that "person" cultivating corn, Ac.? ore evilly minded people, enticing cottle, Ac." No court vfvttid judge any owner of cottle running | on Wood land free from trespass. A strict construction exempt? only culti vated lands from trespass if uninclosed. Hut thc stock owner says to the farmer, I am not at the expense of fencing stock under the present laws, and he is not. Wo are on the same level as to pastures. The owner of cultivated fields is com pelled to fence to prevent another's cat tle from eating his grass, it is on equal ity in form but no: in fact. This re minds mc of the aneedoto of the two boys who were bleeping together. Thomas called to his mother that John had half of tho bed, to which she replied that is all right. Hut, expostulated Thomas, John lias his half right out of the middle. Tho relative cost of fencing stock in and stock nut has been exhibited bv ??Ir. Cray ton. It has been said that figures never lie. I do not believe that (or nothing lies as much as figures except facts. Hui these figures ano facta about fencing ore true. Tl ie United States cen sus shows that fences in this country cost 920,000,000. Tho cost of repairs ?it two per cent, is $000,000 per year. This is, remember, not to enlarge the area of cul tivation, but to restrict it. On 100 acres the Virginia worm fence, which is so dear to oil of us, and runs along like a horizontal cork screw, extracting the life blood of our farmers, occupies five per cent, of our inclosed lands, or .r> acres in every 100 ncres. There ure 15,000,000 acres of land in Knuth Carolina, and of these 6,000,000 nro under fonce as culti vated land, so that 260,iH)0 acres of cul tivutablo land ure occupied by worm fencos,costing$500,000, to restrict the area of the field which tho (armer cultivates. If he who causes two sprigs of wheat to grow where but one grew before is a benefactor of his race, what kindly nnd grateful thoughts must people have for him who causes one sprig ol grass to grow where two grew before. Disguise it as you mny, thc advocates of the old system, that oppose the new fence low, are asserting a puro and simple com munism of thc uninclosed land. Suppose the old law is unconstitutional, as the courts will decide, for they will enforce tho estroy low, you have rejected the now law which provides for posture, und the old law is unconstitutional because it conflicts with Section 16, Article l,of the Constitution, which guarantees n man the UHC of his own property without molestation. The present law denies the right of damages for unfenced land tlnvt is not cultivated and trespassed on, but tho owner hun a r?|??it of octiou for trespass upon bis uncultivated land. Tho small landowner and tenant, who hnve no nlace for pasture, will, if the new law is re jected, bo ot the mercy of tho largo land owners. Two-thirds of these tenants favor tho new law in my section. Thc men opposed tn it ore lurg?* owners of woods. Tho cattle oro now continually sounding thc fences for their wonk ports, and aro attracted by the growing crops, but new posture fences will ba stronger" and under tho frequent observation of their owner, and tho chances of tres pass will bo much lem. Mecklenburg County. N. C.. one yenr ago adopted the new Bystcm. Tho canvass was very bit ter, but those who opposed it then arc its strongest advocates now. Suppose you havu twenty hogs on the highway, and they enter tho field of some one without n leuce, aa thu law is to-day the owner of the nogs is liable for all damages. Tho law does not require any one to fence against anything but cattle, horse? and mules. TII?H doe? not include sheep, f;oata or hogs. As tho law now is the undowner can take up trespassing stock aud notify its owner in six hours, and if ha refuses to pay for it he can udvertiso and soil it. Under the new law no man can sell without u suit at."taw to fix his damages, whero tho partit? cannot agree. In conclusion, for this is nu extended subject, I state that I was approached by a colored citizen to-day who is concerned about this matter, and is mont heartily opposed to tho new law. Ho suggested that if the new law is adopted it give? the right of pasture, but tho employe; might dischargo him in the middle ol th.-yeo and leovo him without o home. Let us look at its probability. Suppose . farmer has a hand nnd two head ni stock. The farmer discharges his tenon! in June for good causo. Does it foll?n that the laborer will bo vn protect cd, ami left on tho Hghway with his cattle, ; No. That stock will bo liable to run ir the uninclosed crops of others, and all farmers of the neighborhood will bo in tefvsted in furnishing pastures for then until tho laborer gets a homo. There are thoso who ore cither igno rant or bent on mischief who ore tolling the colored people that they will be forcet to soil their stock for almost nothing t< St rid of thom, or to pay high prices tb e privilege of pasture. Let us judgi tho future bv the light of the past. Wi might as well allega that as children o the colored laborer do no work tho farm era would force them to got rid of thci children. And yet they are support?e by advances from tho farmers. Moi stood up here in the churches, in th woods and fields last autumn when th leaves in crimson and gold wera falling and told you that if Hampton bocam Governor the ku klux wh leila would b heard in the land, summoning tho nogr to receive the ku klux lash, and that yoi would find shelter in tho woods or undo rocks. Has timo vindicated these fats prophets? No. Through the thirty thou sand square miles of this once mor sovereign State the humble and lowl, will sleep to-night as secure as if stu rounded by an army with banners. Th law, girded in the panoply of a sovereig State, koepa silent watch over ovory bea to-night. It is seven months since Hamp ton has been Governor, and althoug passions have not been bridled, tud whit men in the peace of the State have folio by the hands of black mon, and blac men by the hands of black men, histor will proclaim that no colored man ht had his blood shed by a white man. Thi ia without a na rall el. Adopt the nrv fence law and ita provisions* will be or forced. It will affect you as a genen prosperity. You have been tho poora paid laborers on the globo ; anti why The colored laborer toils from Januai to the time when the Christmas fire lighted without being able at the end < that time to buy a pair of shoes for h feet or a hat for his bead. He is clothe with poverty ax a garment, and rags ii numerable hang around him. The fara ec is up to his eyes in debt and tho lnbon j-. Ul--I. J- -- mu- onlla ?K iv UM UOKK ? (J ango. JL nu inn BOUS Iii roof from over the head of the farmer wifn und chilriran ai:.! ulm noil from hi neath his feet. Hand in band the lobon and land-owner have gone to a hopele poverty. If you ehe*=ea thc cost of pr>aso??o? you Increase the profit by reducing tl cost of production. If 70U cheapen tl necessaries of life without regara to tl cost of production, it deprives labon iii just reward. If you decrease the co of production, you can also decrease tl price. Lessen the fences It increases tl >oduct of labor and decreases the co by abolishing a tas equal to two per cor of the value of the land. That is the d rection in which this move is made, will give additional dignity to the forme because he will no longer be misguide The Almigthy has stamped the seal labor on every creature from its birt Then honor io tho heroes of the woi shop and of the toil. At tho conclusion of this address tl Judge was vociferously applauded. Tri? GIUSUEIIK? WELCOME. Iddrexs ol' Col. l-l. M. H?cker, Deliv ered bet?re tine State ?range and l'air Association, la Anderson, Aucut-t 8th, ist*. * At the request of the Pomona Grange if Anderson County, the duty devolves in me to extend their cordial welcome to ,ho distinguished visitors here present. ! trust, sir, we are nil intelligently appre ciative cf those principles and interests .. _l_.?I' C. tlu'..,t, . r iO nnOSe ???.?nu mut HM III?; pl mm.non <n which we nre to day assembled. We meet to confer together ir the highest interests of agriculture and the agricul :ural class. That cia.? is the moat nu nerous in thc community, and its success ind prosperity nro essential to the welfare ind growth of ali . therclasses. We may, therefore, legitimi.tr ly claim that we meet in thc best interests of the entire people ?f Knuth Carolina. The necessities of civilization require that a country should become institutional, hy mean.B of which liuman progress may he effectually assis ted, ana n beneficent influence diffused Lhroughout the length nnd breadth of the land. Otherwise, prosperity--wealth it* ?elf-bearH a sort of charmed life, be comes petrified, so to apeak, ami in inca pable of being utilized properly for its possessor or for others. Thc society of which you are mern bera lias already effected much good for the country ; much remains to be done. There in no reason why you should be discouraged by partiui successes and even by temporary disappointment*, finch in the Inw of all life. All growth Lo be steadfast and ?ure must be nlow. It is trim in the business and social rela tions an in the natural order. Xufurn non fecit rnltnm-nature makes no leap. She loves the noil approach of dawn, the dow sprouting of the aced, and moves hy a delicate gradation through her round nf calm ami storm, of growth and life. The human mind, like the human body, takes hut one step nt a time, and that step indicates thc feebleness and decrepi tude of age rather t lui ii the energy and elasticity of youth. A boundless area lies before you of noble possibilities to ho achieved for yourselves, your country and fur civilization. It is for you to im press upon the chins of which you are representative mc m bern the dignity of agriculture an a pursuit, and its proper uncial ntatiiM. And ?is a legitimate const riticnce of that dignity that its members should be educated nitii-educated farmers and ns citizens. They should vividly realize, the truth uttered by th most eloquent of the Homans, that of all the pursuits followed hy mau, there is none more beneficial, no necessary 01 more honorable than that of agriculture They are to bo i in premed further of tin importance of skilled and ingenious la bor, for unskilful labor docs not prove remunerative. A necessary requisite of success in tho union of intelligence and labor-a clear understanding of the ob jects for which men should strive, and forcible nnd intelligent adaptation of one's work for their accomplishment As no thought is health lui without labor so no labor makes the laborer prosperous and iiappy unless attended by thought All that man hus achieved in any heh of action, the splendor of civilization, all the beauty of art ami science are ff ll lided on a necessary bania of hard physical labor. Labor is the true philosopher's stone which transmuten all things into gold. Voil have, tiatighr to do with poli tics as partisans, naught to do with ri val rien ana comp?tition? of parties. Hut an citizens you aro profoundly interested in whatever concern? government and thc purity of its administration. You shouid 'end an effectual ?sniniaueu io thu eleva tion of tho whole tone of politics, to the exaltation of tho standard? by which men nre to bo measured who aspire to office, in competence, integrity und pub lic ..pint, and in the removal of ino par tisan aims und ambitions that are no rife. The noble science of politics arc not un frequently lowered into n temporary sea Holding of shifting expedients to per ish with the occasion. Exert your healthful influence to restore it to origi nal purity mid true menning-a solid framework of principles on which society may securely repos?!, applicable to all emergencies and proper tor ntl times. There in no department of our American lifo in which improvement in moro needed and in which moro can be done ta pro mote thu public welfare. I congratulate you, gentlemen, on the ! placo Helectcd for your annual meeting. We arc in th? midst of a territory which has mnde great advancement ' i its agri culture in the bust decado. There are farms in thin vicinity and in other por tion? cf tho County whoso high culture would not bo thought slow or unattrac tive in the prosperous North. I indulge tho hope that the whole State may noon present thc ?limo fair face and growing prosperity. It ia your duty, gentlemen, in your individual and organized capaci day. When you look buck upon the history of Souui Carolina its record must encourage, you. In ante-bellum time:* the State had attained to a degree of pros perity and weuiih which had never been paralleled in tho annuls of human affairs. Tho noble possibilities of tho future ani mate you. All things inspire you. Wo havo a climate in which it ia a /lory to live. Wo have a fertile and vorsatilo Boil. We are niembcraof a race on whom kingship has been conferred wherever they tread. I feel sure all the advanta ges of the present, the forma of progress of which wo nro ma/t proud, are only the unpolished rudiments of the coming time. The obligation reata upon ua to transmit the country improved to posterity. Wo extend to you, gentlemen, a hearty welcome to tho town and county of An d?mon. May your visit prove n pleasure to yourselves, and of lusting benefit to tho State, Small Sanufactares. Ertivj read before the State Grange by Mr. G. Warner, of Walhalla, town the sub ject of Small Mamrfactnrct. I will call my essay atray thoughts and mattera of fact, by an emigrant, cn homo manufactures, and when donn with tho facts I will give you some figures. Be fore I so on thia my errand ailow me to say, "?)on't expect a speech from mo." Speaking ia not my forte. Only thu hopo that my matters offset will be beneficial in encouraging home enterprise induces ...... ?/\ ta^lrA * I? ? ?t^V'.?. Home manufacture-thia great sup Sorter of a country--Aro we as a wholo oing anything in this Sttto toward in troducing it among ua? 1 am norry to say "No I" We nover have tri*d: tv?, never gave a helping hand and a encor ing word towards Introducing it here. Ye?, thcro aro a fow exceptions, among them oar editors, who in their papera somctimca try to awako the mind of tho people, and some fow Northern mechan ics who have immigrated here, and who are working hard against tho stream in laying the foundation of home industry. -. wm ...:n ... ?vir?_. - ............. J wM . . ~ things so cheap from the Nor ?: that it would be no uso to try to compete with the North." Thia allowa how little con fidence we have Sn ourselves, and how amall an opinion wo have of the richness of our eotl, which in every way is so lavishly bestowed on us by Mother Na ture. I ara young in years, but I have seen the worl", and in my fifteen yean of travel in which I have rambled all over this great Union, from east to we?t, from north to south, over Mexico, South Amer ica, Australia, Africa, China and tho whole European continent, I have never leen a better, a healthier, and fer home manufacture, a more suitable country than the upper part of South Carolina. Water Powers-Find me a country where there i* ?uch an abundance of nat ural water power, large and powerful enough to run all tho factories in the North ern States? And what aro we do lng toward* using them? Nothing, my friends! Thc water* will run towards thc nea vet for year* until you get convinced that not farming alone, hut home manufac ture? too will heln to make this State the banner State of thc ?ilion. My friend?, abai! the waters. Nature's great gift, still loii"er run idlv without paying us their tribute? Is not our Stute gifted with all the materials necessary to utilize these waters ? Forests and Timberi -See our forests ! The pine trees are waiting fortheaxmen to be felled, to bc hauled to the saw mill, moulding and planing machines, there f > be turned into prepared lumber with v/hich to build ami furnish for us com ibrtable bonus. Now, instead of the luxury of a comfortable home we live in log buts, and the soft side of a rough plank is our bcd. There too arc the oak and hickory, also waiting to be cut and manufactured into spokes, felloes, pick and axe-handles, wagons, Ac, Ac. The willows un tho creeks grow and ?lie where idle hands might bc employed in basket work. Cotton-What are we doing with our cotton? We sell it to the North or to England to be worked into different cot ton fabrics, and in t!io latter shape it cornes back to us again, and we, as good people knowing no better, pay all the freight, commissions, manufacturing cost and other expenses with a heavy interest, and admire the wonders of the water powers of the North, which with the help of machinery are made from thc fruits of our ?oil ami with our money. How many people could we not employ in such en terprises? Weil, illy friends, the time is I hope not rar away when we will make our own prints and other cotton fabrics, and give our Northern friends a chance to buy from us. Wo<d-How much wool yearly leaves our State, bought from us at a trifle? Wo buy this wool back again at enor mous prices in the shape of woollen goods, such as clothing, blankets, hats, Ac. Many of you wear to-day a pound of wool in the shape of a Hampton or Tilden but, the original cost of which was thirty cunta, and now perhaps cost you $.r>. Is it worth two, three or four dollars to make such a hat? I guess not. Hides-How many hides are yearly shipped to Baltimore and New York to be returned again in leather or in thc shape of boots ami simes? And what kimi of an article do we get in exchange? Why the meanest in the world ! Instead of boots and shoes of full stock, we get them manufactured of tho worst kind, such as are made from split leather with shoddy work. Have we not waler and oak timber in abundance for Um yards? I guess we have! Why then do we not make use of them, turn our hides into leather, ami make our own boots and shoes? There is timber enough in Oconco County alone to run fifty large lanyards for years, and yet how many have we there ? < Inly live ! The tanners of tlie North pay from $12 to $18 for a cord of bark. We can buy it and get any amount of it, loo, nt from $.'? to $6 per cord. The tanners South are obliged to sell their rough leather to Baltimore or New York, wnere it is finished, sold to Northern shoe manufacturera or returned to us South as Northern leather, harness, boots or shoes. Many of you wear to-day a pair of Northern hoots or shoes made of Southern leather. The general opin ion hero is that leather and shoe material manufactured here is of no account. In this you are blind. Encourage your tan ners. Sell them good hides (don't hang your hides on a rail in the sun.) .1 war rant yon they will give you a good article back ?gain. Iron -Hy hunting around your prem ises, I warrant you that you can find old iron enough to make farm implements and mill gearing to last you for fifty year*, (lather your old iron before it is rusted and becomes all worthless. Start a foundry-you have pine trees enough to keep a large foundry inco?is for many years-and buy your iron ware for one-half the cost you do now. How ninny of you are lovers of a good ciinir, or a pipe of good smoking tobacco? What becomes of thc tobacco which you make? Most of it is shipped to the North and comes back to you in thc shape of Havana cigars, or of Durham, or some other brand of good chewing to bacco. You get from 8 to If cents for your weed, and after it has been sent North and been flavored a little, you buy it back at from 60 cents to $1.2? a pound for smoking tobacco, or pay for it in the shape of cigars from .r> to 25 cents apiece. I believe it is timo for us to have ourown cigar and tobacco factories, and so be able to give employment to many poor girls. Thousands moro could find employ ment in another enterprise, and that is, canning fruit by the wholesale. Just nee the largo amount of peaches, tomatoes, berries, peas, Ac, which you ship to the North, and for which you scarcely get anything. . and then when winter comes you pay enormous prices for the fruits of your own soil which have come back to you enclosed in tin cans. My friends, I could go on for a whole day in showing and tolling jou what wo can do that we do not do, but I know that you will all say, "How can we start such enterprises when we don't know how to do it?" I will tell you how. Encourage immigra tion. Through it you will encourage homo enterprise. Induce the right kind of immigrants to come here, and in less than no timo you will see home industry flourish, and our beloved Palmetto State enjoy that prosperous condition to which sho is justly entitled. I have given you tho facts, let us now go to the figures, which I hope will be found to li" Th?r? "Td a Knut 7i^? iiAA inhabitants in South Carolina. For clothing, $30 each per an num, will give.$21,000,00 > Two pair? ot shoes each at $2 per pair give. 2,800,000 One hat each at $3 gives. 2.100,000 One huudrcd thousand tobac co users at $10 each. 1,000,000 Allow for farming implements 800,000 and we have a grand total ol $27,700,000 which leaves our little State annually never to return, for necessaries of life, which homo industry properly economized would enablo us to manufacture for our selves. Tho State Agricultural and Mechanical Society. Thc dclcatcs cf this sccis*- r~._th" various counties, together with a number of members of Oranges and a portion of tho Charleston, met in thc Court House in this place, at 4 o'clock last Thursday, tho hall being comfortably filled. Col. Taylor, president of the society, presided, T. W. Holloway, Esq., being secretary. Governor Bonham suggested that tho list of lifo members nf the old societies should be called before transacting fur ther business. The list of counties was called, and lifo members who represented each county give their names. ^ Col. Taylor stated that all persons who ..n? Mime, vM m v i. ;Cin, UHuci tnt- C?ll uf tho executivo committee of the society, would be considered as fully entitled to participate in this meeting. Col. McMastcr said that if the City of Columbia had charge of the grounds it would caro for them between the meet ings of the Agricultural Society and con vert them into an attractive park. Col. McMastcr then offered the follow ing. Whereas, the City of Columbia has, through its committee, pledged itself to put the buildings and grounds nf tho Agricultural Mechanical Society in thor ough repair, and to contribute the sum at least of $1,000 for premiums, therefore bc it Besolred, That ??iis society do hold its next annual meeting at' Columbia. Adopted. On motion of Mr. Tozer, it was re solved that the new subscriptions should not be used for paying tho back debts of tlie Society. On motion of Col. Wallace, it was re solved to memorialize the Legislature for au annual appropriation to the Society of 15,000. Col. Farrow presented the following, i .. i-.. >..',, lue nope iiiat iuc luviiaiiou would lie accepted : COUNCIL CHAMBKK, SPARTANBURO, S. C., Aug 7. At a meeting of the Town Council of the Town of Spartanburg, S. C. held this day, thc following resolution was adopted, to wit : Resolved, That the South Carolina Ag ricultural and Mechanical Association and the State Orange of Patrons of Hus bandry be, and are hereby, respectfully invited to hold their next annual sum mer meeting in the Town of Spartau burg, 8. C. Resolved further, That the delegates appointed by the Intendant of the Town of Spartanburg to attend the meeting to be held at Anderson Ocurt House on the 8th of August inst., be requested to present the above resolution to said Con vention. On motion of Col. McMaster the invi tation was thankfully accepted. Mr. Tozer offered a resolution instruct ing the Secretary to corresjKind with the county societies stating the time of the State meeting, and requesting them to arrange their meetings so as not to inter fere with it, and urging them to scud delegations to tho fair at Columbia. Adopted. On motion, the Secretary was instruct ed to prepare the premium lists for the next fair immediately, and cause them to be generally distributed throughout the State. (Ju motion, a unanimous vote of thanks was passed to thc good people of Ander don generally, and to thc members of the Grange particularly, for their unbounded hospitality and kindness. A meeting of thc executive committee of the society was called for Friday ut 10 a. m. On motion, the society adjourned. SECRETARY'S OFFICE, STATE ORAKUB, ANDERSON, S. C., Aug., 9, 1877. At a meeting of tho State Grange, of the Patrons of Husbandry, held this day in Pomona Orange Hall, Anderson, the following resolution was unanimously adopted : Resolved, That thc thanks of thc State Orango he returned to tho citizens of Anderson County, and to our brethren of Anderson Pomona Orango for their kind and generous hospitality. J. N. LIPSCOMB, (OFFICIAL.) Master State Grange. Tune. W. HOLLOWAY, Secretary State Grange. MOSES IN THE WITNESS BOX. South Carolina's Ilobson's Choice Ma king a Clean Hreant -Documents Pro duced from Ills "ecret Drawer that Implicates H'coj. . Hitherto Unsus pected-Will the Disclosures be Sup ported I CbrreJ?>otu?ence Xetc York Sun. CHARLESTON, S. C., August 5. The legislative investigation committee has been bani at work striving to probe the depth of the mire which the Repub lican pnrty loft as an inheritance to the Hampton government. Thc task became so sickening last week, however, tin t they had to go homo for a breathing spell. This investigating committee has uncov ered secreta alongsdeof which the already known criminality bcccmc* i'^nrnnrntii*... iy trivial. Their aessiona aresecct, and, perhaps, rightly so. There is no State to reclaim now, as there was when the .Vim exposed Chamberlain. And if I were to write all I know, I might blast reputa tions which r.ro now unsullied, and which I sincerely hope may remain so until the end. The revelations show that the State Treasurers have received the bulk of the stolen income of the State since recon struction. There was nothing which passed the treasury mill which did nut pay from 10 to 25 per cent. toll. The more rascally the job, the. more to pay. As a specimen of thetis disclosures, ore man declared that he had a claim of $12.R>,000, out of which, after paying all his tolls, he netted only $40,000, and then was well paid. The scope of thia investigation has now token in all thc Governors, Lieutenant Governors, State officers, the old Supreme Court Judges, several members of the Circuit bench, the officers of the Legislature, and many bankers, wealthy merchants, brokers, editors and lawyers. Most of these revelations have been obtained through the testimony of ex Gov. Moses, who hus opened nio astound ing budget without sparing friend or foe. Already the cry has gone up from the 'ricken game, "Who would believe itu, sunon oath!" But this has been tried once too often. A distinguished Judge, hearing that he had been impli cated, demanded nn immediate hearing before the committee, in order to clear his skirts. Ile denied emphatically tho statement:i made by the ex-Governor. Thc committee sent for Moses and con fronted him with the Judge. "Governor, did wc under stand you to say BO-and-ao ?" "That is what I naid." "I deny it," said the Judge, with groat emphasis. The ex-Governor put hia hand in his side pocket and drew forth a document. '.T\.ige, is that your handwriting?" The Judge wilted. Moses is prepared with the documents at every step to substantiate his assertions under oath, and woe to those who rely upon the pinn of discrediting them. These documents of Moses were depos ited by him in a secret drawer of his pri vate secretary, which, during his Absence from Columbia, was sold at auction along with the rest of hia furniture for debt. Upon his jirreat he determined to mako a clean breast of all he knew, and in formed the committee of thc existence of ;LTsc documents. Search was made for th'j secretary, and was found. Its owner di * not dream of the bonanza which waa buhte.i in his purchase. Moses and one of the committee, assisted by a locksmith, after a very long struggle with tho secre tary, aucceeded in restoring tho docu ments to light. Tho committee have charge of them. They regard tho find as of so much importance that thc docu ments are held as collateral security for tho appearance of tho ex-Governor to an amrar any hill? if ? nd ? pi ITIpn t u.')>ioh tho Court of Sessions may prefer against him. His individual bond in the sum of $5,000, without additional security, was alao taken for the same purpose. It is calen- j lated by Republicans, who ought to know, that during Moses' Speakership and Governorship not less than $900,000 fraudulently passed into his possession from tho State Treasury. For thia sum Moses baa nothing to show except these Stapers. He has been living in this city br thc last six months, and bas been bor rowing $20, $5, and even $2 from hin former friends, besides doing something !.. -v. vi_L. ,_; i ?_i :_ III mo uinv^-iuoiiiuK noe. The first effect of their discoveries on the committee has been to mako them favor a repudiation of mont nf throat ing indebtedness of the State, aa honey combed with fraud. They have come to the same concludion RS to? groat number of the consolidated bonds which were funded under auch circumstances as to place them upon the same footing with the floating debt, and entitle them to the samo fate. Thia branch of thc report will meet with strong opposition io the Legislature. It is understood that Gov. Hampton and some of the State officers favor the adoption of the consolidated debts aa it ?rands, as a beneficent policy for the credit of the State. Some of the leading racmbera of the Legislature will take the samo ground ; some will bc per sonally or professionally interested in do ing so. Thc bondholders will find tho Republican members open to conviction (bribe is a borah word) from tho bond holder., and these members wiii very | likely oppose the report in toto, on ac count ol the Republican officials impli cated in it. Many of the former members of the Republican lycgislature havo come for -1J _..?.. al... ? ,,.,,r.^ ndiu nitu ........i. ? "Ww bribed by prominent Democrats to posa certain bills in their interest. They gen erally received their pay, they say, from Tim Hurley, who was a member of thc Legislature and chief of the lobby. The bills were certainly in the names ot Dem ocrats, who received the charters ?ind acted upon tire privileges. Tim Hurley has been summoned oefore the committee, but he takes the ground that he acted confidentially us an attorney, and will make no disclosures. This is cool for Tim, who never was admitted to the bar. Among the documents of Moses arc papers implicating ex-Governors S'ott and Chamberlain, Treasurers Carduzo and Parker, ex-Comptroller General H?ge. Scott has retired to Ohio-it is said for gow!. Chamberlain is practicing law in New York. Carduzo is wandering about thc North, with a sick faintly and a $20,000 bond calling him to Columbia, but with little prospects of his returning except on requisition. H?ge is repre senting South Carolina in ono of the de partments at Washington. Parker is in New York in business. Neaglc alone ?tanda his ground in Columbia, but claim:; to be bankrupt and nonchalant. Since writing the above I learn that so mr ry leading Democrats ( Fusionists) are implicated in thc revelations made before thc committee, that an organized effort, having the sanction of the highest author ity, is being made to suppress the whole matter, and let tho prosecutions already begun against thc Republicans hang over them as an inducement to leave thc State aed hush their mouths concerning their Democratic accomplices. Owing to tho fact that the local newspapers do not publish these revelations, this mry easily be effected, but the hill coontie, of the State will protest against the compro mise. . _?.. _J Seed Barley ! Seed Barley ! IH AVK in store on consignment, one hundred bushels of Choice Sued Harley, at $1.10 per bushol. JOHN B. WATSON, Agent I\ (J., No. 3 Henson Range, Anderson, S ( '. Aug 10, 1K77 5 3 Trustee's Convention. "VTOTICE is hereby given that a Convcn -13 lion of theTruslees of Public Schools in Anderson County, will be held at Ander son C. H., on SATURDAY, the 25th inst. Trustees are also notified to close their Schools as soon as thc sum of money ap portioned for their Townships are expended. J. N. CAR WI LB, ?School Commissioner A. C. _ 4UK. ]^JJHL_r> 2 IDCJRIPLII? rTIHE Exercises of this Institution will bo JL opened at WALHALLA, South Caro lina, on THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER ?tb, 1877, With a corps of competent professors. Trinos m ADVANCE-$20 in Collegiate ; $10 in Preparatory, and $? and &i in the Primary Departments, per session of live months. Hoard, including every tiling, except lights and washing, $10 per month, payable month ly in advance. " I/ocation noted for health, pleasant cli mate and good water. For particulars ad dress J. J. NORTON', Chairman of Stockholders. Aug 2, 1877 5 CANE MILLS. Congaree Iron Works, COLI'.TIBIA, H. C. JOHN ALEXANDER, Proprietor. CANE MILLS of this manufacture have been thoroughly established in An derson County, and fanners run no risk in buying them. They will compara with any first-class Mills manufactured in this coun try. See us before you purchase elsewhere. Price list furnished on application. SULLIVAN & CO., Agents for Anderson County. P. S.-Don't forget that we are the agents for thc celebrated Cook Evaporator, the only Evaporator that can make a pure, first quality syrup. S. it CO. Aug 1G, 1877 _5_ lin STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, COUNTY OK ANDERSON. IN THE COURT OF PROBATE. Jane Poor, Plaintiff, against B. F. Mauldin, John Holland, Mury Holland, Adaline Holland, Major Holland, James Holland, Thomas Holland, Mitta Holland, Law rence Holland, and heirs of M. Holland, to wit-Susan Holland, Ann Holland and Mary Holland, Defendants.-Summons for Relief- Comida int not Serval. To the Defendants John Holland, Marj Holland, Mitta Holland, Major Holland, Janies Holland and Thomas Holland : "V7"01I are hereby summoned and required JL to answer the complaint in this ac tion, which is filed in th? office of the Clerk of Common Fleas, for the said Couuty, and to serve a copy of your answer to tho said complaint on the subscribers at their office, Anderson C. Ii., S. C., within twenty days after the service hereof, exclusive of the day of such service ; and if you fail to an swer the complaint within the time afore said, thc plaintilT in this action will apply to the Court for the relief demanded iu the complaint. Dated August 10th, A .JD. 1877. WHITNER rfc BREAS2EALK, Plaintiff's Attorneys. Aug 16, 1877 5 ? A New Life io - the Land I THE Exhibition in Anderson was one of thu mont remarkable events since the war. In poiut of numbers, talents and dis tinguished ohility. nothing could have ex ceeded it? At every stage of its proceed ings it was manifest that a now life is in the land. The celebrated Dr. HEIMTHH vas there, and advocated Southern Medicines for Southern people. His Family Medicines are household remedies. HKINITSH'S QUEEN'S DELIGHT pu rifies the blood. HKINITSH'S BLOOD AND LIVER IMl I sl_l,\., !.ivn. I>??p!?<"l, ?"'lr Headache, Dull Feelings, Loss of Appetite. HKINITSH'S ROSE CORDIAL -For Bowel Complaint. STANLEY'S COUGH SYRUP -Cures Coughs. Colds, Asthma, Catarrh. MOTHER DARLING'S INFANT COR DIAL-For all complaints incident to Teething, Hour Stomach, Crying. THE QUEEN'S DELIGHT is the great est Pharmaceutical product ever discovered for all disorders and dis eases which have (hui"origin in the blood. Health may ..ow be retain -J t sr--1-1>_?" _, stored. QU KEN'8 DELIGHT-For Scrofulu, Swelling of the Glands. Goitre. QUEEN'S DELIGHT-For Nervous De bility. QUEEN'S DELIGHT-For Indigestion, Liver Complaint. QUEEN'S DELIGHT-For Consumptive Patients as an invigorating cordial. QUKKN'8 DELIGHT-For General Pros tration. QUKEN'8 DELIGHT-For nil Cutaneous Diseases, Blotches, Boils, Pimple*. Ac., Ac. . FOR SALE BY DHUOQIStiS. rRXPARED BY E. If. HEINITHH A SON, Columbia, 8. C. Aug 1?, 4s77 5 ly Flour, Flour. HEADQUARTERS for Choice Flour is ut A. B. TOWERS. ANDERSON COUNTT. Hy JP. H'. Humphreys, Judge of Probate. W H BREAS, ?. Newton Browne lia? sp illed lo me to grunt Iiiin letter* of r.dmiu stration, de bonis non, with thc will nn ?exed, on thc Estate und effects of David J. Morris, dece.-e-ed. Tlieso are therefore to cito and admon ub all kindred and creditors of tho said )avid J. Morris, deceased, to b . and ap >ear before ino in Court of I'io hate, tn yo held at Anderson Court House, on .>:dav. 31st August, 1877, after pub leatlon hereof, to shew cau?c, if any they ?ive. whv ibo said administration shout? int ho granted. Given under my bal.-, bis llth day of August, 1877. W. W. HL MPHRLYS, J. P. Au? UJ, 1877 S ? Atlanta Medical College, ATLANTA, OA. rllK 'twentieth Annual Course of lec tures will commence Oct. 15th, 1?77, ind close March 1st, 1?7X. FACULTY-J. <?. Westmoreland, W. K. Westmoreland, W. A. Love. V. H. Talia rerro, John Thad. Johnson, A. W. Calhoun, 1. II. Logan, J. T. Banks ; Demonstrator of Anatomy, C. W. Nutting. Send for Announcement, giving full in formation. JXO. THAI). JOHNSON. Dean. Aug 9, 1H77 4_lm_ ?JMiM U?JLt JTlJCiETING. NOTICE is hereby given that thc Annual Meeting of the Donni of County Com missioners will be held on Tuesday, Septem ber 4th, at Anderson Court House. All per sons holding bills, accounts or demands of any kind against the County of Anderson which have not been presented, are required bv law to deposit them with the Clerk, on or before the 1st day of September, that they may be audited bv the Commissioners nt said Annual Meeting. No accounts will be received after the 1st dav of September. J.' L. TRI BULK, Clerk Co. Commissioners. August 0, 1 ?77. 4 lt HARNESS SHOP rpilU undersigned informs the public that JL he has opened a New Harneas Shop, I'p-NtairM, on (xranlte Stow, over Blrcklcj-, Itrown A C'O.'M Ntore, in Anderson. KKW SETS of HARNESS, of diff?rent qualities of finish, constantly on hand, and REPAIRING, promptly and neatly done. None but the B?Ht "Materini will De used, and thorough satisfaction is guaran teed. A share of patronage is respectfully solic ited. JAMES M. PAYNE. August 'I. I.S77 3 3m SHERIFF'S SALE. STATK OF SOUTH CAROLINA, I Anderson County, j In the Court of Common f?eos. L. D. Childs vs. John R. Cochran.-Jwlg mait for Foreclosure of Heal Property. BY virtue of an order to me directed by Hon. T. H. Cooke, Judge of the Eighth Judicial Circuit, I will expose to sale on the FIRST MONDAY in SEPTEMBER next, at Anderson C. H., S. C., ONE LOT, in the town of Anderson, hounded on the north by a cross street, running hack 210 feet, on the east by lot of Capt. John Mc Grath, on the west by Main street, fronting 77 feet with all the buildings thereon, with in the corporate limits of the town of An derson. Terms of Sale, Cash. Purchaser to pay extra for all necessary papers. ,iAMI? H. MCCONNELL, Sheriff Anderson County. Aug!), 1877 4 4' MKSSHS. DOWIE A MOISE-Gentlemen : You are at liberty to publish the following : I nave been usina Simmons' Hepatic Com pound or Liver Cure for some months, and feel certain I have obtained more benefit from it than any medicine I have ever used. MKS. MCAI.I.IHTKR, til Wentworth street, Charleston, S. C. Simmons' Hepatic Compound is mild and guntle in its action. It removes the bile from the system. It gives strength and tone to the whole framo. lt gives the Liver a healthy character, and restores the sink ing and drooping body to health and strength. This medicine has been tried by thousands and never found wanting. Un der its influence the face will have the bloom of health, thc eye its lustre, the brain its power. It will invigorate ino feeble, and prove the greatest {blessing to those who sulfer. Try it for yourselves, and you will recommend it. For sale at wholesale and retail by SIMP SON it SADLER. Anderson, S. V. Dowie it Moise, Proprietors, Charleston, H. C. July 5, 1877 51 ?ni Ayer's Cherry Pectoral For Disoasea of tho Throat nnd Lunfp, auah as Coughs, Colds, Whooping Bronchitis, Asthma, end Con sumption. Tho reputation it has attained, in consequence of thc marvellous cores lt has produced during thc last half cen tury, ts a sufficient assurance to the public that it will continue to realize thc happiest results that can lie desired. In almost every section of country there are persona, publicly known, who have been restored from alarming and even desperate diseases of the lungs, by Its use. All who have tried lt ac knowledge Its superiority ; and where Its virtues ore known, no one hesitates as to what medicine to employ to re lieve the distress and suffering peculiar to pulmonary affections. CHERRY PKC TOKAL aiways s?ords instant relier, ana performs rapid cures of thc milder va rieties of bronchial disorder, os well aa tho more formidable diseases of the lungs. As a safeguard to children, amid the distressing diseases which beset the Throat and Chest or Childhood, lt Is Invaluable; for, by Its timely use, multitudes arc rescued and restored to health. This medicine gains friends at every trial, as the cures it is constantly producing uro too remarkable, to be forgotten. No family should be with out lt. nnrl t|jo?f> who have once used it never will. Eminent Physicians throughout the country prescribe it, and Clergymen often recommend it from their knowl edge of ita effects. rnr.rAB.ED a? Dr. j. C. AYER & CO., Lowell, Mst?., PrnoUoal and Analytical ntl rm lift SOU> UT ALL E>aUOOIST8 KVaaxWHSBB. FOXJTZ'S HORSE AND CATTLE POWDER?, oarm or pi rt mt Pl?-a. Boots and Shoes, "F you want to buy a good shoe or boot.at - a low price for cash, call on A. B. TOWERS. "?"H ?L ULIIUI t_ V JUnn t. ri.uri.L^ WHOLESALE A!*D RETAIL DEALHB IE STOVES, TIN-WARE, HOLLOW-WARE, ilse ForaslE Goo?ls, ftc. CALL and buy tho above CHEAPER than tlicy can be bought EI.8LWHERE for Cash. HUBBE? BELT!Si? of the most I io] m I ur size always on hand. I uni agent for the I X L and HA Iii? COTTON ?INN and Eclipse Cotton Press. Hheet Copper for Molasses Hoi le? liottoms. Ntnlnetl Cotton and Raw Hides. wanted. Cull and see nie, and I will give you th best bargains for the money ever obtained; in the Town of Anderson. Highest prices paid for RAGS. June 14, 1877 48 THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, COUNTY OF ANDERSON. COURT OP COMMON PIdE .4. E. W. Stewart, Plaintiff, against George Stewart, Hally Russell, Jenny Moore. et_ al, Defendants.-Summons for Relief-Com plaint Served. To the Defendants Sally McConnell, Hettie Herron, Martha Bobo, Jane McCurry, Emily Pritcltet, Martina Bobo, Elisabeth Stuart, Mary Stewart, J. 8. Russell, Nancy Crowder, John Russell, Clarissa McKee, Marietta C. Dobbins, Pluto Scott, Mar tha Ann Day, Mary West and Clarissa Bowie : "C7"0U arc hereby summoned and mjuireil i to answer the complaint in this ac tion, of which o copy is herewith served upon you, and to serve a copy of your an> swer on 'he subscribers at their office, An derson C. H., S. C., within twenty days alter the service hereof, exclusive of thc day of such service ; and if you fail to answer the complaint within the time aforesaid, the plaintiff in this action will apply to tho Court for the relief demanded in tho corsb plaint. Dated July 30th, 1877. MOORE & ALLEN, Plaintiff's Attorneys. THE Defendants will take notice thal thc petition in this case is for the partition and division of the Real Estate of Adam Stew art, deceased, consisting of one T.act of Land, containing one hundred and thirty six acres, more or less, bounded by lands of B. A. Davis, William Jones, George Stew art and others, situate in Anderson County, on waters of Savannah River, in which you have au interest. MOORE & ALLEN, Sol. Pro. Pct. ^ugj), 1877_4_6 S ?= *r 3" 3" ?. => O o"2 2 wmwd m9 s_ SajZo STP c s 2 o a mW > 3 cs* a < s a i "-g s E. H 0K. g. ?..of 9* e?^sJ<f ?o-e- O C ? s P S n - ^ ? -?- p ? --te s s o-S?S.?.-3-smaa; * F 8 S"* ?8.5 Jig; > 5 ?ll.?{st?fifiH ? a-? ? o Eg a 5*2 g. g g a ~ S ? y- c-3 o->r?5 ^a2 S w IfSili-ofiir? S P il SfIlilil?3? c Dissolution and Partnership. NOTICE. LEE, SLOAN & TAYLOR, Houea Path, S.O. 8LOAN, LEE & TAYLOR, Greenville, 8. C. THE linn of Lee .t Sloan is dissolved hy mutual consent, and '.ie undersigned have this day formed a partnership under the firm name of Lee, Sloan & Taylor, at Honea Path, and Sloan, Lee & Taylor, Greenville, 8. C. Our friends aru respect fully invite! to visit i??, where ut an curly day, they will find LARGE STOCK8 OF GOODS, and at prices in sympathy with thu depressed condition of the country. Thc late firm return many thanks to their friends, and the public generally, for pat ronage heretofore extended, and respectfully ask that they give the new linns a trial. WM. LEE, C. H. SLOAN, GEO. E. TAYLOR. August 1, 1877_3_ W?LH?TE & WILLIAMS, Anderson, S. C. BUISTS' NEW CROP TURNIP SEED, MASONS' FRUIT JARS, DRUGS, MEDIC1NE3, CHEMICALS, Ac PAINTS, OHS, VARNISHES, DYE STUFFS, FKltFUMEKY, LAMP8, WINDOW GLASS, And DRUGGISTS' SUNDRIES, Cheap fox* Cash. July 19, 1877_1_ LAND FOE SALE. IOFFER for sale that valuable place and model Farm where I now live, the im Drovoinenta. .and twentv-fivA acr?_'? of good fund, in & high state of cultivation. This is a pretty place, on thc edna of town, and about four hundred yards irom the Ander son School Building ; or I will sell a good Far; 11 throe miles from Anderson-133 acre* Kcod land, al! necessary buildings, plenty cf timber, and is well situated for the no-fenco law as heart could wish. If you want a, good home, now ls your time to buy. Ap ply to D. J. BOHANAN. Anderson. 8. 0. July io 1K77 _1 0 QUICK SALES AND SMALL PROFITS. W'K keep a General Stock of Family Groceries BACON, Ii AMS, LARD, DRY GOOD8, HARDWARE, HATS. BOOTS and SHOES, CROCKERY and GLASSWARE, ?UGOY MATERIAL, Ac.. All for .??ale low. Give us a call, and he convinced. A. B. TOWERS & CO. July 26, 1877 3