The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, July 05, 1877, Image 1

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Arimunceracnts of marriages and deaths, and notices ufa religious character,are respectfully solicited, and ?lil be inserted gratis FENCE OR NO FENCE, MB. EDITOR: Boeing it announced in your paper that your columna were open for discussion on Ute feuce law, I proposo to say a few things. I am not in the habit of . writing newspaper articles, and do not now propose to do anything more than offer a fow thoughts upon the pro? posed change. First, I am surprised to sec that any man opposes .5? law requiring o very man f? fcccp. his stock inside of bis own en closure. Certainly no man can con scientiously say that he believes it to bo just and fair for him to turn out his stock to roam over tbo country at largo, making it alMuilutniy. nci-oisary for his neighbor Ur koop up fencing at great cost \o keep hi*1 and other people's stock from destroy ing bis crop. I have boen BO situated, Mr. Editor, for a great number of years, that I have had good opportunities to Bec and know that moro little difficulties get up in neighborhoods from the trespassing of Block and abuse of them after trespassing by getting over old dilapidated fences than anything else. The way tho law now stands there is probably not one dozen farms in Anderson County now enclosed by a lawful fence. I am satis fied now, and havo been for tho last twenty-five years, that the present fonce law is all wrong, and wc should at once adopt thc present proposed change. li is argued by somo that this change would damage the poor man. How stands the case? Is it not in tho power of tho land owner to keep any man's stock off of his land. Could he not fence up the whole of it, and no man dare say no ? or, is ino iand-owner now bound by law to furnish those who havo no land pasturage for their stock ? Certainly, every man would say ac 1 Is it not just that it bhould bo so ? But pass this pro posed chango, and every employer is~ then bound by law to furnish pasturage for Btock for his laborers, provided they help keep up tho pasturo feuce. Now, does it not benefit the renter, for this change, by law, furnishes bim pasturage on certain conditions. Tho presont law docs not make any such provision. Bo it docs seem to me that in any view of tho caso that the croper anolthoso who own no land would bo the most benofit tcd. One thing is very certain, they have no right tu say io ino iand-owner, "Sir, I will raako your land my pasturage for my stock." If tho present proposed chango is adopted, tho fanners could spend all the time now lost repairing up old rotten fences in composting and mak ing homemade manures, giving them an opportunity to spend much moro of their time in preparing their lands, which would every year bring their farms into n higher state of cultivation. Mike ?he change and farmers would be forced to diversify their crops moro ; they would have to sow tho grasses and sinai! grains on a larger scale, thereby improving their lands; and they would be forced to im prove their, stock of all kinds, which would certainly pay them. Fcaco up tho stock and our old iicddn would im prove much faster, aa I suppose every man will admit thnt an old field now fenced in will improve much faster than ono when stock is permitted to forage. This of itself is a sufficient reason to change tho fence law. It is said it will not do to turn hogs and sheep in ono pa.iture. Why this has always been the case ; .they have run together all thc time. There aro certain ?canons of tho year when it is necessary to look after tho lam! ? This is now done, and will still bc done, so this objection is not well founded. It is said that high winds or a storm might blow down thc pasture fence, and turn out thc Btock ; and such a thing might happen, but certainly if it did the case would bc no worse than now under the old law; and besides, it would not occur often, and then a strong pasturo feuce would bo moro likely to stand the storm than our old fences. Wc should all build good, ?ubstantial pasture fences, and then keep our stock in our own en closure. Do this and kill ali thc worth less dogs in tho County, and we would have good stock of all kinds, and plenty of thom ; and what is better, securely kept in our own pastures, and not troub ling our noighbors. I bolievo it is just as necessary for tho farming and stock raising interest to make ibis chango in tho fence law ns it . was:to chango our political eituation by electing Hampton Governor of our State. I have seen this accomplished, and now I want losco tho fence law changed. Make this chaugo, and in three years you will seo tito farming interest greatly improved You will seo our broad and meat mado at homo by tho raising of more grain and tho diversity of crops ; icss cotton rando and botter prices for it ; tho poor man and tho rich man aliko bonbfitted- a" working under tho new chango togothor to a more prosperous future. Farmer, study well before cast ing a voto against thia chango. Pastures can bo mado ou any farm in thc County by preparing for it-sinking wells, which will not cost much. All this about a poor man having TO watk hali' ?? nulc every day to water his Btock is stuff, for such cases will bo very few; and if ho docs havo to walk to water his stock it will pay him in tho cud, and overybody oise bo benefit ted by tho change. And now, Mr, Editor, if wo fall to get tho chango, I hope the Grand Jury of our County will toke this matter in hand, f'?r there is an old law of thia State, called "Public Nuisances." Now, sir, if tl>o turning out of old mules, oxen, cows snd hogs, which tear dowu fencing and destroy crops. Ac^is not ft publie nui sance, I should Uko to know what is. I now ask the Grand Jury of Anderson County to take this matter into consider ation at tho next Court, if wo fail lo get thc chango now offered. Tho Grand Jury would have as much right, I think, tn investigate thia ns lo investigate any other matter pertainirg to tho welfare of tho County. REFORM. THE PENCE !?AW* MB. EDITOR : Wo hod tho "no-taL law" in operation on C?fico Creek ?fer the recent storm, (of which we ejSe last week.) It passed without a ?e down this creek, and that, too, wiyL vim added to it, which clearly proves kit storms can blow down the fence aro^? our fields and let the stock of Um wife neighborhood on the crops, just os tA as it can blow the fence of a p*b?? down, which would let in only a maA own stock on his own crop. So you iu* tell Mr. "Varcnnes" I would rather qi crop would bo eaton by my own stow than by the stock of my neighbors. <? thc evening of thu sturm I had to buid| up my horse-lot and enclose thc stock several families to protect ray crop. ^ good pasturo fence would not be as liahj to blow down as the rotten, rickety fencV wo now have around our farms. I ai satisfied, in my own mind, that it woul be best to adopt the chango in our fe>?a system, notwithstanding, thc bill is im perfect, and amendments to the propose? lnw will bc necessary to perfect it. Evei as it is, it is better than tho present fonc? law. I might say wc aro destitute of a fenco Law at present, because we have very few, if any, lawful fences in Ander son County. It has been argued that if wo adopt the change, the ponnlty clause is deficient, and wo would be at the mercy of unprincipled meu. Well, I think that n remedy eau bc obtained on the criminal sido of the Court, under the head of malicious trespass ; and certainly we will bo in no worse condition than at present, as we have no lawful fence we have no remedy against unprincipled meu, und our crops are nt the mercy of that class of men, and tho starving stock that aro prowling around our farms every day, aud gottiug more mischievous every season. Many persons have not timber to mako a lnwful fence, and those who hnve cannot got the labor nnd pay thc cost of making a fence around theil forma sufficient to keep out tho cattle owned by other people. Many persons by experience have found that in ordei to have milk and butter fofthcir families thoy must make a pasture for their own cows, as tho outside rango is worthless, having been destroyed by the quid growth of tho old-field pine. How cac they afford to also keep up a fence around ali their crop? in addition, just for thc benefit of other people's stock ? Then is no justice in such a course. By calculation it is found that it will cost $150 to fence in ono ouudred acre: of land; ?9/<0 to fenco two hundred acres $350 to fence five hundred acres. Bonn persons say thul if the fenco law passes they will fence in all their land. Well the law will allow any man to have ai much fenco ai ho wants to make ; but i: it passes, his land-lines will bo equal t< a lawful fence all around his land, whicl he eau gee without splitting a rail, jus by going to tho ballot-bos, putting in hi vote and helping to pass the new law That, you see, will bo much tho cheopes way o?* getting a lawful fence around hi land. It will only take half a day to di that, and it will take, os above stated $250 to fenco a two hundred acre tract which is $1.25 per acre ; and in a ?Ui hundred acre tract it will take $1.50 pe acre. This ?3 a pretty heavy tax. Sucl being the fac?-, I hope no man will say i word, or even mention, thc small item o tax he will have to pay to enclose th County or his Township. Why, it wil bo nothing in comparison. The one is ; fraction-tho othor amounts to hundred of dol?a?. I am satisfied the chang will La better for the non-lntidholdef. I will bring into cultivation nt least one fourth moro land. There is on ever, farm a numbor of acres that cnn be cult i vated, if thc law passes, that now cannc be, for tho want of timber, and on ac count of thc cost of fencing it; and a the rate of routs is according to suppl and demand, tho land-owner can affor to givo the renter a better chance, nn make more thau he does now. Tb chnngc will give riso to improvement i stock, and one cow will be worth thrc of our present stock. iS?ii?o may ml how will that come about? It will natu rally tako place in vnrious wnys. Asi now is, I cannot afford to send off t 80uio country whoro tho "no-fonco law ir. ?ri existence to get a fine breeder, an pay ono or two thousand dollars, for m especial benefit ; but half a dozen neigt bois could jointly purchase ono and kee it up, and soon could raise improve brooders that would bo in reach of th n ital class, and their stock would b improved at a' trifling coat Anoth? grand item in favor of tho law is, tb fertilisers that every farm c-yald muk? t home to improVo his Inud ; because if man has a good stock of cattle ho wi naturally Incline to take good caro < them. Ho will have good stalls for thci nt ni?*ht and in bad weather, and woul bo ttl>\e to snvo tho puro fertilizer undi shelter, ono load of which ls worth fii loads of what is made out in the wenthc the best qualities having been washc away by thc hard rnins. Another itel proves tho necessity of a chango in tl fence law. In thia section of tho Count; on all tho water-course, tho farms ai under ene fence. For miles on Twent; Threc-Mile Creek there is but ono div ding fenco from Passmore bridge to Slal town bridge, about five miles, and tin one is nt thc crossing of a publi/; rca Fences cannot bo kept across tho lan: of the .streams of tho fivo miles mci tioncd. ' Tile land belongs to abe twonty different persons, and is cultiv?t! hy fifty or sixty different families. Tl samo . state of affairs exists on all tl water-courses and in all communltii There aro poisons who caro for self onl and gather their own part of tho ero turn In their stock, not knowing or cai it whether others havo gathered their ero] or not ; and ? have known men on the water-counts have to keep off the ste* of otb-jr pcoplo until they could g their own crop gathered. A farmer hi at oue timo to select a man that lived on different land and Imo him to use Iiis influence to keep the others from turning their stock io on bia crop until all tbo crops were gathe.-cd. There are a few pcoplo in every ueighborhood who only keep their stock off the crops, thinking j tho present law forces them to do so. Though they aro slow to learn law, they are annually learning more and moro, and it only requires a lew cases to bo tried, (which will be tried before long, because the fencing and tho stock are getting worse every year,) and wheu a few casca have been tried and decided, then, as I said above, it will bo known that they can let their Btock live on thc crops or others with perfect impunity. Bo, Mr. Editor, I deem this a matter of vast importance to the welfare of our County. It is a case of necessity, and it is said necessity is tho mother of inven tion. Well, necessity is the mother of law, because out of tho necessities of a country has grown all tho law cf the I?and. And now necessity demands a new fenco law. because tho circ*? jistaiieca ?f tho cojntry, tho condition of our ncing, tho timber, the outside range, a mischievousness of tho stocky hnvo V-.? changed since tho present fenco law was put in force. In fact, everything is so changed that tho present fenco law is not a law at all, and docs not apply to bur present condition ; consequently, wo jue at thc mercy of mischievous stock, ind if wo do not pass tho new fenco law, nd i ct out of our prcseut dilemma, ray tell mc what are thc farmers to do ? I hope tho pcoplo will reflect upon hts subject, and ask themselves why is it iey have to keep a fence about their urns? Then they will seo that it is in rder to have stock ; will seo that it will ot take one-quarter of tho fencing to kop stock enclosed that it does to fence to crops. It has beeu proved that it eaten .auch to fence tho crops os tho sick ; i . rorlh ! It would bo as cheap to Hi < n y hog and cow in the State, lien v would need no fenco at all. If ahing will not pay moro than expenses, w hacl better not have it to be troubled w.h. Tho proposed law suggests a plan tht,will reduce tho expense of keeping Btek that will pay, and leave a good piflL Should a law-as tho prcseut on-rforce mc to a course in reference to kes?ng stock which is not profitable, th; ; s a losing business on my part. I heb|e, as above stated, that the change wilwork to tho benefit of thc poorest chu an our land. But suppose it did not sui ?very individual. Should almost evrjbody be subjected to a course that is deimcntal to their interests just to suit n fifj persons who composo only a very Bmlj portion of our country ? It ia un* juster it to bc so. I would not advocate a cafso which would work injury to any cia; of citizens, and do not believe, the proofed law would do BO. L. N. tfa Creek, 8. C. ??s%.?5t !k*ycs* Latter io tho Feuer al Ofllce-Iloldcr.s. WASHINGTON, Juno 24. Tb president's order to office-holders reeeieu full consid?ration in the Cabinet, and sj interpreted by members of the Cabut it was intended to absolutely proust Federal office-holders and their cmnijecs from holding any connection with'w'hat is known as tho machino of polite. As originally drawn, the order ?ircsaxcd the alternative of resignation ronica political position or removal by the resident from the Federal office. Tho ?mai statement of this alternativo was nicken out as superfluous, since the open folation of a personal order of thc Fref.iosit would of course be cause for, and fluid certainly lead to, removal. Tho (uer, as interpreted by the Cabinet officers intended to prohibit any con ucctiu whatever with any of tho various wardj?jwnBhip, county, State, or nation al organizations for conducting political campams. Those who now hold any of these jeitions will bo removed if they conti?uko hold them after time enough has eland for the gcneraUcirculation of thd Present's order. The order is held to be e?icit as to the part office-holders will he flowed to tr-ke m political affairs, this parLeing clearly limited to voting, Bpe&kinjt and writing for tho public press. I Sotithm Republicans aro particularly troubled?s they say that thu party or ganizada cannot bo maintained in many parts of lo South without tho protection which br active connection of federal officers 1th tho work of tho campaign affords. A number of tho President's closest pfitical friends here nre stoutly opposed & this order. They deem it possible scorrcct the abuses at which it is aimed Bthout depriving tho party of the valulle services of many strong, honest nfl frost efficient workers who now holdferominont positions uudcr thc governmcf. lb the Athialcd Press: 1 WASHINGTON, Juno 28. Tho liiident to-day addressed the following Jrcular letter to all thc promi nent Fcdpl officers throughout tito ' EXECITTIVK MANSION, Y LSHiNOTON, June 23, 1877. Sin-I * sire to call your attention to the follow sg paragraph in a letter ad dressed b} me to tho Secretary of tho Treasury cathe conduct to bo observed by officer* | tho general government in relation to flections: "No ofliar should be required or per mitted to taco part in the management of a pol lyal organization^ caucuses, convention;,r election campaigns. Their ngnt io vOuiunu io caproe? >ucir views on public [uestions, either orally or or through ; o press, is not denied, pro vided it doe not interfere with tho dis charge of th ir official duties. No assess ment for po leal purposes on officers or snliordirate hould bo allowed." This rule applicable to every depart ment of theVivil service. It should bn understood tl every officer of the general government u*t he is expected to con form his conact to its requirements. Verircspcctfully, T B. B. HAYES. - A hot wld, or simoon, visited por tions cf Clinti county, N. Y,, a few days since. At Pittsburg leaves on tho trees wero ecorchodlas if or fire, and entire cornfields a> *W as ff froat-blttou ; at Schuyler Falla,. *i?t SO acres of beans were platted. I _ - Tho saddet failures in life como from the not piting forth of the pow.? to succeed. **?i) BK HANGED BY TUE NECK.? The Murderers of Youug lid lu RS Heu i on eccl to Die ou July 13. Tho Court of General Sessions met on Saturday morning, at 9 o'clock, Judge Recd presiding. Before procecdingupon thc regular business of lbs session, David Pearce and George Stevens, who wero convicted on Wednesday last of the mur der of Mr. J. Evans Edings, Jr., near tho Magaolsa Phosphate WovL- :, on the 11th day of May last, wore placed in the dock to receive sentence of death. With that strange fascination for wit nessing the misery and torture of others which resides io the human breast, even in tho most civilised communities, sovcr al hundred men, white and black, crowd ed the court-room at an early hour of tho day that they mi gb? see face to faco tho two unfortunate beings trembling on tho brink oi eternity and near the announce ment of their terrible doom. The ap pearance of the prisoners was but little altered from that which they wore during the trial. Perhaps there was apparent less of that sullen look and stolid indif ference which was conspicuous up to the tune of tho rendering of the verdict, and more of n frightened, hunted look, to gether with a nervous,, twitching of tho muscles of tho face, showing the terriblo Btruggle which was going on within tho breast of tho wretched men. This per turbation was more conspicuous on tho part of Stevens, who is a younger mau than his accomplice in crime, and is sev eral shades lighter in complexion. Pearce, who is almost jet black, has a busby head of woolly hair, and sat in the dock with his head slightly bout forward, casting rapid and despairing glances right and left. After completo silence had been ob tained in tho Court room tho prisoners were commanded to stand up and state the reasons, if any they had, why tho sentence of the Court should not bo passed upsn them. Tho indictment was read and the usual form gono through with. Stevens then in an excited manner and in a highly pitched voico said : "I nm guilty of highway robbery. Each man .ad hi? work to do." Pearce said not a word, and the Judge then proceeded to pronounce THE SENTENCE. Thc Tudge said : Georgo Stevons and David Pearce ! Yon have been f'.irly tried by a jury of intelligent men ot your own selection, and have been convicted of the highest crime known to tho Inws of your country-a crime committed un der circumstances of peculiar atrocity, such as hos seldom if over occurred in nu old and civilized community like this in which we live It becomes, therefore, my Bolemn duty to par . upon you the judgment of death. It... solemn, be cause it is a duty which is extremely Esinful to me. Yet I feel assured that efore high Hcnven, nnd in the estima tion of Bil men, you richly deserve the judgment which will be passed upon you. and you deserve that it shall be executed with dispatch. This young man whom you took suddenly from lifo waa engaged in tho lnwful pursuance of his business, and quick os thought by your act ho was hurled into eternity, and has or will an swer beforo another Judge all that trana fiired with him in this lifo. You have earned siuco your arrest that your lives would pay tho forfeit. You could not havo doubted that, and you have already had time to apply to that Judge above for the pardon you will need to savo you from eternal damnation. You have had time I trust to cleanse your hearts and become betts? cseu. In consequence pf tho enormity of your crime I will be com pelled to give you a much shorter timo i.aan is usual. Give np all idea of the world, and pray to Goa to have mercy on your souls, it is proper that I should re cur briefly to tho circumstances of tho crime for which you arc to bo punished, that it may be seen, mid the judgment be approved by all men. as it will bo. You happened to bc, on thc 11th of May Inst, nenr the Mngnolin Works. One of you hnd worked there for n while in tho em Eloy of Mr. C. C. Pinckney, Jr. You nd tho knowledge that be was in the hnbit of Bending up a paymaster overy month to pay on tho bands nt the works, nnd you, Georgo Slovens, were in the hnbit of receiving a portion of that money. And you knew, both of you, that thc pay-, muster was this youth Edings. And you deliberately went to work to tnko his lifo upon his next visit. The proof is that you conferred together about it, and whilo you, Stevens, borrowed the gun, which was afterwards used, and carried it to your associate, Pearce, you stated that vou did'nt havo tho heart to fire it. You hnd not then turned hyena, the vilest and most loathsome beast that'roams in tho jungles of Africa, whence your ancestors sprung. But Pearce said ho would do it ; it made no difTcrenco to him ; ho would take the responsibility. So 1*. was ngroed between you thnt you would waylay the young man and take his lifo ; so on tho 11th of May, at about half-past 4 o'clock in tho afternoon, while ho was passing along the road to tho works in his buggy, having the money in a tin box under tho seat, you secreted yourselves by tho road side in a thick clump of bushes, whero it was impossible to seo you, and as ho Envied he was fired upou and his bend, roast aud body literally riddled with buckshot and slugs. Ono of you who had hoon deputised for that purpose stood up tho road a little diutnnco nnd stopped tho mule ns it rnn off. You then tool/ the box of money, carried ?t into tho woods, broke it open with thc butt of your gun, and then after dividing the money you threw tho gun nnd box awny and quietly made off to another point. Tho Jttdgo then carefully continued the narration of the testimony from tho, time to the commission of the deed to tho arrest of the mon in Charleston on tbo day following. Whilo touching upon tho confessions made by tho prisoners before Capt. Hendricks and Coroner Collins, he said : "Tho only difference botween yonr statements was as to who fired the shot. You heard me say to tho jory that it was wholly immaterial who fired the shot, and that the man who stood by aiding and abetting, succoring and comforting, was just as guilty, in the eyes of tho law, as the man who fired the shot. It was, therefore, a base assassination-ouc of the most diabolical deeds ever committed in this old and civilized country. For you, who havo been raised in a civilized coun try with a knowledge of what is right and wrong-where you had tho ; opportunity of hearing tho Gospel preached from childhood-to hsya made tip your minds to commit this barbarous act,'proves that you are totally destitu?a of tho feelings of human beings, and are, therefore, just ly doomed to suiter tho extreme penalty of tho law, not only ns an expiation of your crime, but as a solemn warning to man k ina generally that murder will out, and that tho law is ample and sufficient to puuish all criminals. The sentence of the Court is that you George Stevens find David Pearce, bc taken from tho placo where you now stand to thc Jail of Charleston County, whence you carno, and there bo securely confined until F ri day, the 13th day of July next-just about thrco weeks from this day-when between the hours ? f 10 o'clock in tho forenoon and 2 o'clock tn the Afternoon, you shall bo taken by tho Shcr?fTof Charles ton County to the pince of publiccxccution and thcro bo hanged by your necks until your bodies bo dead. And may God have mercy on your souls." During tho pronouncement of this sol emn sentence tho vost audience had be come as hushed and as silent as thc tomb, and during tho utterance of tho last words tho stillness was painful. Then there seemed to bo a sigh or shudder which ran throughout thc crowd, nnd a movement to got out of tho door. Tho prisoners were evidently prepared for hearing their doom, for a close observer of their fea* turcs could not havo noticed thc slightest change, save perhnps a slight blanching on the nnrt ol' Stovens, and an involun tary sickly smile cn thc part of Pearce. The prisouors were thou handcuffed to gether, and under a strong guard wore recommitted to jail to await tho execu tion of tho terriblo sentence.-Charleston New* and Courier. Acts Passed by tho General Assembly at thc Extra Session of 1877. AN ACT to raise supplies for tho fiscal year commencing November 1, 1876. SECTION 1. He it enacted by tho Senate aud House of Representatives of tho Stato of ?routh Caroliua, now met and sitting in General Assembly, nnd by the authority of the same, That a tax of 7 mills upon ovcry dollar of tho value of all taxable property of this Stale be, and the same is hereby, levied for tho follow ing purposes, to wit : To meet appropri ations-First, to defray tho current ex penses of tho government for tho fiscal year ending 31st October, 1877 ; second, to pay tho interest duo tho first of Janu ary, 1877, and tho first of July, 1877, upon tho consolidated bonds and certifi- , cates of ?tock which have been issued ? under tho "Act to reduce tho volumo of tho public debt, and provide for tho pay ment of tho same," approved December 22, 1873, which shall bo found to be valid ? and bona fide by tho commission to in- , vestigato the sarao, and bo approved by , the General Assembly at tho next regu- ? lar session thereof; and, third, to pay such other indebtedness of thc Stntc as may bc reported to bo valid by thc said commission, and to which it may bo ap plied by the General Assembly at its next regular session. Should tho pro- j cecds of said tax bo insufficient to meet , all tho payments provided for in this net, tho Governor is hereby authorized to , borrow, on tho credit of tho Stato, such sum, not exceeding $100,000, as may bo necessary to meet such deficiency. SEC. 2. That a tax not to exceed 3 mills upon every dollar of thc valuo of all taxable proporty in each of tho sov eral counties in this Stato bc, and the same is hereby, levied for eu un ty purpo ses, for the fiscal year commencing No vember 1, 1876, except the counties of Charleston and Union, in which a tax not to exceed 2 mills shall bo levied ; the rate to bo fixed by the County Commis sioners in and for each county, and by them certified to tho respectivo County Auditors of tho snid several counties, ex cept as to tho county of Horry, in which tho County Commissioners shall levy an additional tax of 2 milln, to pay the past indebtedness for lol o and 1876; except tho County of Union, in which the County Commissioners shull le\ y r.n ad ditional tax 1 mill for the pa; ment of post duo indebtedness, and except the County of Lancaster, in which tho "Coun ty Commissioners snail levy a tax of 2 pi lt on the dollar to pny tho past due indebtedness of ?aid county, (he proceeds of -.viiicu snail bu paid pro rata, hud also except tho County cf Aiken, in which the County Commissioners shnll levy an additional tax of 1 mill to pay tho post indebtedness of said county .for tho years 1875 and 1876 : mid except the County of Marlboro, where tho County Commis sioners bo, and they aro liereby, author ized and required to levy a -?eclal tux of 1 mill, if so much be nectary, for the purposo of repairing the court house and jail ; also, the County of Beaufort, where tho County Commissioners shall levy a tax cf 1 mill, pursuant to the provisions of a joint resolution, approved March 24, 1876 : Provided, That uothing contained in this section shall bo construed so as to prevent tho County Commissioners of PickcnS; Sumter, Newberry, Marion, Williamsburg and Ricblnnd, collecting a special tax heretofore provided by law. to pay tho past indebtedness of BU'IU counties, nor tho counties of Orangeburg or Clarendon from collecting tho special tax heretofore authorized for tho comple tion of the court houso; nor tho County Commissioners of Kershaw from levying aud collecting n special tax authorized and directed to bo levied and collected by nn act of tho Gonernl Assembly, en titled "Au act to authorize the erection of a certain bridge over the Watereo River," approved February 13,1872 ; ex cept that tho County Commissioners of Spartasburg County be, and they aro hereby, authorized and required to apply J of 1 paill of the regular levy of 3 mills to tho payment of uridgo contracts for the fiscal year ending 1st November, 1876, if so much be necessary ; and thoy are furtltcrmoro authorized and cmpoworcd to levy an additional tax, over and abovo tho regular levy of 3 mills, of J of 1 mill, to ho applied to the past indebted ness of said county ; and they aro also authorized to' apply any balance that may bo on hand at tho closo of tho pres ent fiscal year, ending November 1,1877, to past indebtedness, paying off such claims as were audited prior to 1st No vember, 1876 : Provided, Nothing .shall be paid for probating accounts: And Provided, That J mill of tho tax thus levied for tho County-of Ornngeburg shall bo devoted to tho nnvmsnt nf ?Un past indebtedness of said county. Ssc. 3. That all the proceeds of tho taxes levied, for aud on account of tho Stato, as specified herein, shall bo deposi ted and kept by tho State Treasurer in such bank or banks in the cities of Co lumbia and Charleston as, in thc judg ment or discretion of thoFinancial Board of the State, can nub rd sufficient protec tion to tho interests of tho Stato ; and the State Treasurer shall publish in ono or moro of tho newspapers published in the cities of Columbia and Charleston a monthly statement of all tho monoys re ceived by him and tho amount paid out, and to whom, and ou account ol' what appropriation paid, as well as tho bal ance of moneys on hand. SEC. 4. That tho Couuty Auditors and County Treasurers ot tho several counties of this Stato are hereby required, under thc direct5.;;".; ?nd oUpcrvinUm of tho Comptroller General, to make tho collec tion of taxes.levied under and pursuant to tho provisions of this act in thc man ner dud at thc time and under tho condi tions hereinafter to bo. provided; and thoy ate hereby forbiddou to collect any other tax) except tho taxes to meet the interest and retire tho bond? issued by counties'In aid or railroads,' whatsoever, for the fiscal year, Unless herein express ly authorized eo tp do ; and ;.ny State or county officer who aimil fall to comply with or ovado or attempt to evado tho p-- ovisions of this act. shall be deemed ?uilty of a folony, and, upon oonvictjoti ?creof, /.hall bo punished by n fine of not less than f1,000, nor moro tuan $5,000, and by imprisonment in the penitentiary fur a period of not IPSO than ono year nor moro than five years. SEC. 5. Thcro shall bo assessed on nil taxablo polls in this State a tax of $1 ou rich noll, the proceeds of vf bleb tax shall bo applied solely to educational purposes. Every malo citizen between j tho ago cf 21 and CO years, except those incapable of earning a support from be mg maimed, and except those now ex empt by law, or from any other cause, shall bo deemed taxable polls ;' ana should any persor.? fail or refuse to pay said poll tax, ho shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and, on conviction 1 thereof, bo foro any Trial Justice or other j court having jurisdiction of tho same, shall bo punished by a fino of not less than :'.'">, or by imprisonment in tho coun ty jail for u tenn not exceeding thirty days. SEC. 6. That all taxes assessed nnd paynblo under this net aimil bo paid in tho following kind of funds, nnd no other: Gold nnd silver coin, United States currency and national bank notes: Provided, That tho receipts issued by tbo ngouts appointed by tho Governor in the several counties, under mid by virtue of resolution ndoptcd by tho House of Rep resentatives, on tho 20th dny of Decem ber, A. D., 1876, shall be credited by the j County Treasurers upon tho amount ; due, nnd paynblo by tue holders thereof | whenever tho snmo mny bo presented. SEC. 7. All taxes assessed herein shall bo duo nnd paynblo in two equal install ments, as follows : Tho first instalment | shall bc duo nnd payable from tho first | day of July to tho first doy of August. 1877 ; nnd tho second instalment shall bo duo nnd payable from tho first day of j October to tho thirty-first dny of October, 1877 : Provided, That it shall bo, nnd is hereby, left to tho option of any person cither to pay thc amount of tho first in stalment nt th.- timo first above men tioned, or to pay the whole amount at thc time of thc payment of tho second instalment thereof: Providetf, further. That if any person or persons snail fail or rofuso to pay his or her taxes duo un der tho first instalment,, he, sbo or tboy shall ho charged with interest thereupon from tho first day of August, 1877, to j the time of the payment thereof, at tho rate of ono per contum per month ; and tho several County Treasurers shall col lect tho samo in tho manner prescribed by law, and give receipts therefor to the several parties paying the same, in which tho rent estate paid on shall bo briefly described, nnd thc vnluo of tho personal property paid on shall bostatod, together with tho lime such tnxes arc paid, and tho amount of tho snmo : Provided, Nothing heroin contained shall operate to prevent nny tax-payer from paying tho whole amount of his tnx nt the timo tho first, instalment is nnynbln. SEC. 8. That tho County Treasurer, immediately upon receipt of tho tax du-1 plicate for tho year from the County | Auditor, shall cause a notice to bo in- ' serted onco in two daily newspapers pub lished at thc county scat >' bia county,lif two such papers bo then? published ; if not'; then m ono such paper ; and if no daily rr.por bo published at tr ch county seat, then in two weekly papers published at such county seat; but if two such weekly papers bo not published lu the county, then such notice shall be given in such manner as the County Treasurer may direct, staling tho rate per centum of the levy for State purposes, and the rate nor centum for all other purposes, un the duplicate of tho present fiscal yenr ; nnd if nny specinl levies havo been mada on tho property of n school or other dh trict, no; "leting au entire county, tho total rnto of levies in such district shall nlso bo stated in such notice. SEC. 9. When tho taxes and assess ments charged agninst any party or prop erty on thc duplicntc for tho present fiscal year shall not bc paid on or before the 81st day of October, 1877, or when the remainder of such taxes and assessments shall not be paid on or by the said time, with interest at tho rato of 1 per centum ?er month, as aforesaid, tho County reasurer shall proceed to collect tho same by distress or otherwise, aa now pre scribed'by law, together with a penalty of 15 per cont, on the amount so delin quent ; and if thc amount of such delin quent tnxes, assessments and penalties shall not bo r aid on or before the 15th of November, i877, or collected by dis tress or otherwise, tho same shall be treated as tho delinquent taxes ou such real nnd personal property, and shall bo collected by tho salo of such real and personal property ns hereinafter pro scribed. SEC. 10. All personal property sub ject to taxation shall bo liable to distress and sale for tho payment of taxes and assessments hereunder ; and, at any limo after nny tnxes or assessments shall be come, due, according to tho provisions of j this net, tho County Treasurer, by him solf or deputy, may distroiu suiDclent personal property of tho party against whom such taxes or assessments are charged, if the same eau bo found in his county, to pay tho taxes or assessments BO duo, with any penalty charged or chargeable thereupon, and intorest, nnd tho costs that may accrue, ?md sha!! im mediately, advertise the samo iu throe of tho most public places in tho town or ward or district, in which such property shall bo distra't'iCd, stating tho timo and place in such town, ward or district, when nnd whore such proporty will bo sold ; nnd if .tho taxes, assessments aud penal ties for which such property was dis trained, together with tho costs of tho Srocceding, sbnll not be poid before tho ay appointed for such sale, (which nh nil not be less than five, nor more that ten, days after posting up such notices of | Bale,) such Treasurer or his dopuiy shall ? proceed at the time and place mentioned j ia such notices to sell such property, or j no much thereof as may bo necessary, at public vendue, to tho highest bidder; and if such property, or a sufficient amount thereof, shall not bo sold at the ! time and place aforesaid, such Treasurer ohnll retain tho same in his possession and adyortiso and offer the same for snlo in manner and form aforesaid from timo to time until the same shall-be sold. SEC. ll. A!! real property returned | delinquent by the County Treasurer, as ; herein provided, shaii bo ottered for Bale j by the Treasurer on tho first Monday in ' December, 1877, after due advertisement,' ' as now provided by law, and thereafter I from day to day, until tho wholo amount ! thereof, os included in thodelinqueutUst, shall be sold ; and except as ia this sec tion provided, the County Treasurer shall proceed in. reference to thc- ?alo of such delinquent real estate, according to the forms and with tbr conditions uow( pre scribed and require! by law : Provided,, That tho cost of saut advortlsihganall not exceed'91 upon each parcel cf land so nd? vortiscd. .?(i ? ;.. ? v. BBC. 12. That all acts nnd parts of I acts inconsistent with this act bc, and tho [ same nro hereby, repealed,"'' Approved Juno 9,1877: A? ACT to reduce and fix the salaries of | fituUitf officers. Bscrzoxrl. Boil enacted by tho StuMc and House of Representatives of tho State of South Carolina, now mot and Bitting in General Assembly, and by tho .i. ? limn in.<M.III II i II authority of tho Ba?o, That the public officers hereinafter named shall receive the annual ao'nrloa hereinafter mentioned, respectively, to wit : The Governor, $8, 600; tho Governor's Private Seor?tarj, $1.276 ; tho Governor's messenger, $800; tub Lieutenant Governor, $1,000, to take effect after the next general election ; the Bccrotary of State, $2,100 ; tho Chief Clerk of the Secretary bf State. $1,276; the Comptroller General, $2,100 ; for clerical services in tho omeo of the Comp troller General, $2,550, if so much bo necessary ; the Stato Treasurer, $2,000 ; the Chief Clerk of the State Treasurer, $1,475; tho book-keeper of the State Treasurer, $1,000 ; tho Adjutant auc, in spector General, $1,200 ; Clerk of the Adjutant and Inspector General $900; tho State Superintendent of Education, $1.875 ; for Clerk to Superintendent of Education, $900: th'J Attorney General, $2,100; the Clerk of the Attorney Gen eral, $1,200; the Chiof Justice of the Supremo Court, $4,000; tho Associato Justices of tho Supreme Court, $3,600 caoh ; the reporter of the decisions of the Supremo Court, $1,000; tho Clerk and Librarian of the Supreme Court. $700 ; tho attendant on tho library abd rooms of tho Supremo Court, $200 ; the Circuit Judges, $8,500 each ; the Circuit Solicitors, $1,500 each, except in the First Circuit, which shall be $2,000, in lieu of all charges against tho Stato and counties, nnd of all fees received from defendants; tho Keeper of the State House and Stato Librarian, $500 ; the watchmen of tho Stato House and frounds, uot to exceed two in number, 300 each ; tho Superintendent of tho Stato Penitentiary, $1,600 ; tho physician of the Stato Penitentiary, $300 ; the Su perintendeut of tho State Lunatic Asy lum, $2,000 ; tho health officer of Charles ton, $1,000 ; tho health officers of George town, $400 ; Hilton Head and St. Helena Sound, $600 each; tho Keeper of tho Lazaretto, $400 ; tho Librarian of the University cf South Carolina, who shall havo charco of tho buildings and grounds of tho Univoreity, $500. SEO. 2. That the County Treasurer of each county shall receive commissions upon all taxes collected in their respec tive counties, as follows : Threo por cent, upon tho first $10,000 ; two pei cent, upen tho next $10,000 ; one per cent, upon the noxt $10,000 ; one-half of one per cent, upon all amounts collected ever $30.000 : Provided, Tho same shall not exceed ? SOC or bo loss than $500 per annum, except ibo county of Charleston, whore the commissions shall not exceed $2,000: For clerical servies? in tho effico ol County Treasurer of Charleston, $800: Provided, further, That nothing heroic contained shall apply to fees and cost* allowed County Treasurers for making distress and salo of real or personal prop grt.ir. " SEC, 3. That the County Anditors of thc several counties shall receive the annual Balarles hereinafter mentioned, respec tively : The County Auditor of Charles ton, $2,000: Provided, That no addition al compensation shall bo allowed, foi clerk biro ; tho County Auditor's of Ab boville and Richland, $700 each ; thi County Auditors of Aikon, Anderson Barnwell, Beaufort, Chester, Colletou Darlington, Edgofield, Fairfield, Green viiltj, .Laurena, Newberry, Orangcburg Spartanburg, Sumter and York, $601 each ; the County Auditors of Chester field, Marion, Clarendon, Georgetown Horry, Kershaw, Lancaster, Lexington Maribuiu. Gconee, Fickens, Union am Williamsburg, $500 each. And In addi ditton to the salaries of the Auditors, a herc?"' sfere prsvid?d, the Co*??sy Ami tors snail receive, to defray the oxpense of asscssi' ont of property, such sums a may bo m-cessary, but not to exceed th following, to wit: The Auditor t Charleston County, $900 ; the Auditors c Abbeville nod Richland, $500 each ; th Auditors ol' Aiken, Anderson, Raruwel ^aufnrt, Chester, Darlington, Edgefiolc Fairfield, Greenville, Laurens, Newberry Orangeburg, Spartanburg, Samter au York, $400 each ; the Auditors of Col)< ton, Clarendon, Horry, Kershaw, Lar caster, Lexington, Marion, Marlbon Pickens, Oconeo, Union,, YviWiamsbur and Chesterfield, $300 each ; and tb County Commissioners of*tbo seven counties, as aforesaid, shall, upon the a? plication of the County Auditors, dra their checks on tho County Treasure: for tho several amounts to which) tl Auditors may bo entitled under tho pr< visions of this section, and tho Count Treasurers shall pay the saU checks fro: the first collection of county funds of tl fiscal year in which the work, shall 1 performed. But no such check or ord: shall bo paid by the County Treaaun until tho Auditor shall have filed wi! tho County Commissioners au itemize statement of the services rendered 1 his assistants, tho number of days cat of said assistants woro employed, ar tho comp jnsatlon they were severally receive, which said statement shall be c amincd aud approved by tho eaid Bes of County Commissioners :. Provide That no momber of tho Board of CouU Commissioners Bhall act no Assista Assessor. That tho County School Coi missioners in each of the several cou tics of the State shall receive for thc compensation $3 per diem for the tit in which they aro actually engaged the business of thoir respective' office Provided, Tho number of days In eft and ?very year for which saidcompouf tion shall'bo allowed Bhall in no ci exceed 100 dava, except in tho county Charleston/ where the number of da shall not exceed 150 daya. SEC. 4. All salaries provided for section 1 of this act bhall be payai quarterly, and bo paid upon tho warra; of tho Comptroller General upon t Stato Treasurer. ttEC. o. That alt acts or parts of a Inconsistent with this act bo, and t same aro hereby, repealed. SEC. 6. That this act shall takeoff Immediately after its passage. - At a Southern hotel bar an eaj controversy was pending 'twixt varie generals, majors, etc., when a quiet foll observed : r'I happened to be thero; g; tlemen, and possibly may be able to fresh your memories." j Thereupon proceeded lo sive a succinct account c r.uart action. ' "What might have bi : mr rank, sir?" asked the hetel keel "I was a private." About to atari m day, he demanded bl* bill. "Not a ec sir ; not a cent. You'ro tho very ? private I over met." - A learned sergeant waa onco c?sed of having disgraced, (he bar taking silver fror? -?? C-U???* tun uticfui of tho profession requiring that, Wa Htiouid no in gold. "I took silver," replied1; "because I could not get fcc bat I took ovory farthing tbs fallow ri io tho wotld, and I hope you do not i th>* dftlrrMujfc tho profession. I -- Tho "culled, brcd'ren and Bistci wero in tho full enjoyaiemt of a ted revival lu Bullit county, wheu, jurat} i 3er threw a rino h?rne*/? ?t$t thro JO window and . tho meeting adi our without taking up acoiVf<cMon or ' sin do isa two, lines ob do sockdolager glnuia' wid "Lord dismiss U* whl .dy bles: ' u\ (llb us sinful ntegurs-reu, cvViiv Scorch do ono wno had no bht?css Foolin' wld dat ho'net's n*a\M LEG??. AnvjSR'miKa,-yia BM com?eup<5 tu require cain paym?11*" 1ot MTerUeiaaerdetsd h? ?^cuiun, ??mlnisvatoi? ?nd other fla ad* rf??. money comes ?Ita tb? arder: CUa?w^^^W??ja^j ^ - - - l|W attention, communication! nut be eccosipanted by the true auno aad ?ddtCM of tit? writer. Re jected manuscript* will not be returned, uniras the noeewtry ?tami? ?aw furnlshea to ?pay the postage, thereon. M3f Wo are not responxlbld for the views aod . opinion? of our cerraspoadenU. XII communication* should be addressed to "F>\ Jtors Iulrfllgcncor," aid all chock*, draft?, money orders, Ac., slioald be made pantile to tao order or E. B. M?UUAY d> CO., _. ; r Anderdon,H. C _-. ?? ,' i -r\* ",t ; i 1 ? ? ii',? *?: yeucral News Summary, - It bas been discovered in Paris that the little yellow marks u^on cerUdu brands of Havana cigars, Which caused them to be greatly prised by smokers, are created by tho sprinkling of acids. --. A disease has broken ont among the fish in Bound lake, N. Y., and huuareds of bass, pickerel, catfish; etc., are dying on the snores, nnd are being buried by the neighboring fanners. It is thought that the fish are killed by poison escap ing into an inlet of the lalee front a mau u factory of potato-bug poison situated on its banks. . - The British House of Lords has voted this week that, where tho friends of a deceased person object ?a thc church of England service, they may dlspenan with it or substitute another service, even though the deceased ia buried in church yard. This is not only against tho gov ernment but greatly shocks the Estab lished clergy, and they will probably unite in keeping the question out of Par liament altogether at present. - The report of tho capturo of Aca Eulco, Mexico, by Alvarez is confirmed, ut at last accounts the supporters of Dior., the present President, wero making a fight for Us recovery, dropping sholls into tho town from gunboats. Tho American merchants have placed their books and valuable papers in the houso of thc American consul. Gen. Jiminez, Diaz governor of Acapulco, was killed in resisting the attack of Alvarez. - The surmise that many of the per sons run over by. railroad trains havo been previously murdered is usually not susceptible of proof. An engineer on tho Louisville and Chicago Railroad, however, applied the breuke so promptly that tbo body ho saw ahead on the track, was not struck. It was found that the man had been robbed, almost killed, and then placed whore n train would be likely to obliterate all evidence of tho crime. - Ou last Thursday eleven mon were hanged in the mining districts of Penn sylvania for murders committed by thom at d?lcrent times. Theso men aU be longed to a powerful secret organization, to the members of which tho namo of Molly Maguires is commonly applied. Their crimes were with difficulty ferreted out, but now that so many of them have been brought to justice, tho order has lost much of it? terrorism for the people of Pennsylvania. - New Orleans rumors about Mexico : That important movements on the Mexi can border looking to the acquisition of te tri ?o? y which ore winked nt by ibo authorities at Washington are in pro gress ; that Texas cattle raisers are send ing to Washington their chima for.dam ages by Mexican cattle-raiders tbo past ten yenrs ; that the Southern tier of Mex ican States will secede from tho Diaz government and establish Lerdo os their rulor. - A vic m ous temperance campaisrp during the summer Is planned in south ern New York a?td northorn Pennsylva nia. Murphy himself has promised to spend a fortnight thero, and later io tho season proposes to tackle the metropolis. Elmira, N. Y., han been swept by the movement, 7,000 having signed tho Iricdge, almost entirely Ainoricaun and Protestants, as the Catholic clergymen discourage participation in it,, and tho Germans of course can't giro up their lager. Murphy and his followers expect - tho greatest temperance revival over seon in this country next fait and winter.' - The gold casket in which tho free dom of tho city of Loudon war presented to Gen. Grant hos on tho obverse central panel a y?crr of the cspiloi as washing ton, and on the right and left aro tho monogram and arms of tho lord mayor. On tho reverse side is a view; of the en trance to Guildhall aud appropriate in scriptions. At tho ends are two figures, also in gold and finely modeled and chased, representing tho city of London; and tho Unitedfttntes and bearing their respective shields, the latter executed iu rich onamol. At the corners, aro double columns of laurel wreathed with corn and cotton, and on the cover a. cornucopia' emblematical of tho fertility arid prosper ity ol' tho United States. ?ho rose, sham rock and thistle, are* also introduced. The cover is surmounted by the arms of the city of London, The casket is sup ported by American oagles modeled and chased in gold. Tho whole stands cn a velvet plinth decorated with ?tara and stripes. t - In a r?conl lecture in Edinburgh on "The Stars," Professor Grant said that a railway train, travelling day and night fifty miles per hour, would roach tho moon in six months, the aun in two hun- 1 dred years; and Alpha Ceniauris, tho nearest of the fixed stare, in forty-two millions of years ; a cannon ball, travel ling nine hundred miles por hour, ir. ? 2,700,000 years;. and light, travelling 155,000 miles per Be?ond, in throe yea?.. Light from some of the telescopio stars takes 5,769 years to reach the earth; freai others 500,000 years. These stare, therefore, may ?ave become extinct thou sand? of ycar?'ngo, though their Ugh?, comes to our eyes.: Aloha Lyra is 100, 000,000,000 of miles from us, and its magnitude and splendor are as 20 to 1 compared with our sun. Tho sun is ueltner greater nor smaller than most of tho stars. - Sham fights aro plenty enough to train amateur soldiers, and are constant-1 ly resorter' to in European countries to instruct their armies during times of pesco in military roatfeeuvrcs. But the first experiment of the kind for the pur pose et training an ambulance corps that wo recollect seeing ? mention of, la just announced from Dresden. Detachments ^>f "troops from that garrison have been sont out almost dally, deployed into tho formations used fbr ?* ?tsu?fei **>?. ???t??d to march against ar? imaginary enemy, tu the rear follow patties of sick bearers, and further in thovsararo ambulances. It is for the training of these sick bearers that thia drill ia especially conducted, and as tho lines of troop* raovo forward cer tain men are ordered to. fall down as though wounded, and aro directed to pose themselves in a Way to simulate various wounds. Afterwards!,' when the! attack upon the enemy is supposed io be suc cessfully oxeen ted, the field is searched by tho cick bearers, tho wounded men discovered, ?ho?r wounds temporarily aud hastily dressed, arrcHhoy transported to the ambulances; Each sick bearer car ries an p.Uuuv), in which there ate.plates Showing hov/ dressings aro to bo applied in various cases, ' 'and aisb how thc means cf carrying 'rounded men can be Imp?OYhsedout ot swords, rifles, brauchet of -licri, omi . by similar expedients This drill, no doubt,. furnish? somo Bori of practico as to readiness, &e., 'mid WU dor^Mesa bo a help: - 'It will remind thi reader of the Well known American Am balance Orps during the siego of Paris where the Americans, anxious to.gct bb tho fight, but debamaby 4.heir nauoual itv, did the next best thing by gorabi Hie field bringing off tho wounded, fTh French also had an arabulaaco. sendet but, it war? by no moana os effective ns th American corpa, And so well was thi known that many cf the Officer: before going into bcttlo daring tho sieg? ?were in tho habit of patting ca?ds fui their pockets stating that ? wounde they desired whoovor found them to tak thom to tho American Ambulance.