Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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THURSDAY MQMtUfO, (BAY 17, IE77. Hpteial Dit?>akh to the Anderton tnteUigeneer. COLUMBIA, 8. O., May 15. Associate Justice A J. Willard was elected'CMof Justice to-day by a vote Of eighty-six to Qen. Samuel McGowan's j thirty-nine, with four vetee scattering. Every Democrat voted for Willard ex cept Gary. Gen. McGowan waa not a candidate by aiithorit-y from bim. JAB, J* ..ORK. Tho European war la progressing slow ly, -, bat is becoming more complicated. There has ne yet been very little fighting.' Both Busala and 'Turkey are worried by hiternsl revolts. Poland trouble? Russia, andRouoiRiiiu,andsotaeOther territories, worries Turkey. These countries are gathering their forces, however, and thc war will no doubt bo a fearful and des&o in- one. ?> . ?The patent right - of <h number of tho leading sewing -''ma'cnines expired on Tuesday, the 8th lust., and their manu facturoby any other company from .thia time iortb ?ill bo legitimate. The result of this .abolition' of the'patent right has rcducc?i' thc prices of the lending machine;! down to ono hsif of what they formerly, were, and hence many persons who were unable to purchase ? machine heretofore can afford to buy them now. The tax letled by tho present Legisla ture will pretty certainly bu noven milla for State purposes, invading the payment of interest on the 'public debt, and three mills for county purposes, to be paid in two installments one in June, the other in October with: tho privilege of paying all ?- October, by paying interest at IB per ~ent. on the first installment. The poll taxis to be paid ?udor penally of fine cr imprisonment or both. We will publish tho bill in full as soon os it ie passed. Judge Carpenter did net receive bl* new commission nor qualify for his nev; term until after the Chamberlain usurpa tion wus attempted. The Columbia Reg ister calls on tho L?gislature to elect a T,..l"" il frsUfl L!- tit_>. 1_- it-- lill u uugu \0 luau uta piaw, uvtauoc ??6 iw? Legislature- had no right to elect a Judge whose term did not expiro Until arter the meeting of another Legislature. \Ve think the, ScyUicr'* position is correct, and hope it will be adopted by the pres ent Legislature. Then Wo cnn say good bye Carpenter. The Senate has decided tho election of Circuit Judges invalid because they were elected viva roos instead of by ballot. We haye already expressed, tho opinion that this ?lection was valid, for there is a conflict in tho provisions of tho Constitu tion, and our Legislature hits no right to pass judicial judgment ?pon the sets of its predecessor. The Democrats con tended for tho#alidity of these elections last fall, and wa hopo tho House of Rep r^ientatives wm not concur in ?rio opin ion of tho Senate. Wo ought not to chango our opinions to suit tho times, but wc should bseO th onion principio nod stand to them. - I 'i' ' '-ri'-1 Uncle Sain is growing; weary of the constant inr.uralr^a of Mexican banditti, who cross our frontier and carry od*flocks of cattle and commit other dopnidatiomv Ii ?Ja probably'thot Gwiaeral Ord1 will be directed to cross over' the Mexican lino to catch and puntshbthese offenders,'; if tho'-citteens of the- United States sro further molested by these robbers, who tho, Mexican government encourages by refusing to either preven^ tho' recurrence of these crimea or .lo.punish those who commit them. It 'is highly- importai:'* for our 'cittschs living along the border to be protected in their lives and property, and it seems necessary.!tor-.'the United States j army to - render ? tho protection needed in this case.; ? n, _i_..: THE AU6?bTA B??LK&A? stBSx?H?. Tho mectjng held <n Augusta last week in the interest of A-vrvata and Knoxville Bsilrond waa very weft attended by dele gates : from South Carolina, Georgia, North . Carolina aud :Tcqnes3C0, hut of all tho ridiculous forc?is .over .enacted by. a deliberative body, (and -Kcrao of tho provip?V cohventiona of this proposed road have been very great farces,) tho proceedings of this Convention entitle it to preeminence, Tho city of Augusta had sixty delegates, which Was* ? con trolling voto iu the Convention, film other counties of Georgia were also repre sent by good sized delegations, ad that we might san* ?p tko character of the body by saying that It waa intensely Georgian ic ita objecta and action. Every thing about tho Convention, overa to tho details-of appointing committees and so forth, was cist and dried before it assembled, and upon the day of meeting they went through th? pre-arranged pro gramme almost Without a ripple of dif ferencv. ??, Op???o? fi.r.disg; ?^j-r-'cs fe in their proceedings. ... .. Thcao proceedings, which are sketched in another col?me, will no doubt amass every readcrwho ia acquainted difficultiesof build?:, lutiona. can completo tham. tLo 7x??anl gathering. In Augusta h?a 'made' a rail road, 'tbatyif it requires anything more auustuotiol, tho 'cc^struction of the, Augusta and' Knoxvmo.''Ba%^r^p|: have to ho provided for by somo other, body. It is indeed remarkable that a meeting of delegates to an informal ;?c-a vontion should u?dertakO to tloc io the lino of ? railroad i've tho bidliVpg;' .o'f: which there wea no organlsod Wit?ny, nnd &*/which.im a?taa?.;?tock.>^i bestt subfcbribsd.; No dc^?t^d*I*ga-to* from the West think inactive^ !-i^o '^^^^^|^^' THE USURY BILL* "Th* bili fixio0, sere** "**. yo?**-. ** the limit for interest on ^^ VfM^ff?b Senate, and was sent to tho Hou?? of Represents tives for its conourrence ? re jection. On last Friday tko Oomtatttee on Ways and Means in tho House re ported a recommendation thst this hill be postponed to the noxt session of the Generai Assembly. Messrs. R. W. Simp son, Moller and Wind submitted a minority report, recommending that tho bill pass, Lat after discussion the report of tho majority was adopted, and tho further consideration of the bill post poned to the regulur session next fall. Before any bill bad beeu introduced we thought it better to wait untilnext fall abbat agitating th? subject, bat whenever tho question was brought before the Gen eral Assembly so that it bad to be acted upon, it should havo stood upon its merit??, ahd been either adopted or re' jected. The country wants wbirt is to be the law upon this subject set&#l, and tbs condition it is now left in ia as unsettled as it could possibly be. On? house has passed it ?nd the other is to act Upon It next fall I What could tho representa tives who V?ie? to postpone have been thinking off Do they expect capital to como here with tho question of luterest so uncertain ? ?Do they expect the cap ital already here to be easy or accesnible from now until tho iqoM^?ori is de termined? They are qoite ra??st?kcu ?f they do. The Houso ought -ot to have shirked action upon the subjeet, tor by postponing the bill they have giv.m it a black eye, and prejudiced ita prospect of passage next fall. It waa the most ?ni' portant measure they have had before them, and it Bhould have been udopted. We fear e number of the members of tho Houso havo been influenced by the com mittee from the Charleston Chamber of Commerce, which went up to Columbia on Thursday to oppbse the bill, and on Friday it was postponed. We do uot blesi? capitalista for opposing the Usury Law, ncr for letting out their money at reasonably high rates, but wo insist that the Legislature should uot act to suit their wishes simply because a portion of them send a delegation to . represoent them. The whole people of South Caro lina are interested in this law, and it ought not to havo been put to Bicep by any other means than a vote upon its manta. Tho Chamber of Commerce urge tho following objections to tho measure, which we i will answer in the order in which they are proposed : 1st. That it restricts tho natural freo dom of individuals in conducting com mercial and money a fi a irs. Quarantine laws restrict tho natural freedom of individuals in conducting; commopcial and money affairs also, and yet they aro maintained because they aro necessary . for. tho public good. The Usury Law reata upon tho same general principles. 2d.: That: freedom of action in regard to money contracts cannot be abridged upon any principle of governmental'in terference which will not equally sanc tion the regulation of contracts for wages nnd rents, because interest is tho hire cf ---:.. IL. *.tk?' ,.c t_i_ vu^uvtat jua. .-M ..?j^.. .o v..w ..i.V. \??t ...vvr? and rent tho hire of land. 3d. That it is against tho established Sribciples bf personal liberty for the tale tb tpuch individual rights of person and property, and that'money is UM much property aa land. Tho mistake in thc.-.? two propositions rests in the fact that the thing to be provenais'assumed to be true, when in fact it is not. Money is ?o artificial standard of value created by government, ead therefore government hos the right to contra!, and dictate the terms of its use. It is not like labor or land, for an act of Congress cannot create labor nor can 't create land, and therefore it ought bot to attempt to control such mattera. Monef ls an arbitrary value cr standard for exchange Issued by the government for the convenience of its citizens, and it bas tho right to'say upon what terms this convenience aha!! bo used. j 4th. That the proposed meatmro will tend to moke inoooy dearer instead of cheaper; that'.money is now'dearer jin Georgia and North Carolina where there Ore usury i&w? than it is hero where there ar? nono, and that this fortressed, dcar ae*s of money 'will fail upon tho most nv.:Jy ?nd numerpuB borrowers, and will besitfea enhance the price of all articles required for'?iitxi ?n4 T>tantatidn Kunnlles. < A sufficient anster to'tlijV ls J thai if it increases tho value of money capitalista will ibo benefited, nnd ought not to com plain if tho people persist in enhancing tho value of tho uso Of their monoy. . 5th. That cheapness and abundance of capital are -equ?ito to develop properly tho resources of the. State, agri&dtural, muerai . and,>raanulsctarlng ; that such development of resources now dormant la th* only practicable maana by which re? mune^attveoosspsiion can be found for tho unemployed skilly Intelligence and sbo?ading ia thc State, j This preposition is true, and bi ono of tho strong arguments for the Usury Law. The way to secure cheap capital I? tba enactment of a law regulating the rate of Interest, and then all tbs other ad ?antages set forth in the position will ,)Uow. . . ,V ; 6tb. That under improved government, both Feder?> and State, wo moy look confidently ?cr eneb acceasioua of c?piis? as jwil? j^oduce these.dedrabl. inulta, provided no *dndrantr>,is offered by legal ?rfegala??ra,- wn^, ; however hnMAtitnal .fbr the purpose intended, must inevitably 'prqve\fi. ; pn&fcto .. fWFoue ead, dis couraging to capitalists. - . Wo og reo ibavi? retarn to good gov ernment will be advantageous to all our people, but do' r?ot believe a regulation bf interest will provo a hind rauco 'tb TO' turning prosperity. J(I4| lowVlntercst bi vexatious to capitalists, a high rate is Vexatious to borrowers, and hence the prosperity of the Stale ls more imped?! by a high rate than' ft would be by a low irate,' for tho borrowers constitute by far Li liz. tanur nloca nf Ans- rtPdi?a WA VI ?tia 'not som the vote upon this bill, but pre THEY LEATE. "On? hy Aiw lita rne?? fall," SI Uli ?U th* ! fot homes where their guilt-d their i corruption are unknown. . Ex-Gov. ' Chamberiain, after tumbling from the highest position in our State, to the lowest i depths of political disgrace, has, tue the swallow, in view of tho approaching hot -teenthtr, sought a home in a Northern clime, and wc nhaJl see and be?r him in our midst no more forever, we hope. So, too., the notorious carpet-bagger, cadet ship-seller, Yankee politician White more, has been unable to stand tho search ing investigation of the Senate Commit tee, and has taken On indefinite leave of absence. It was shown, however, before he left, that he had squandered large i suma of money from the State. Besides getting bis liquor, cigar, ?ec., icc. bills out q? tho State, he drew from the treasury, $8,600 to payi for portraits of Lincoln and Sumner, ordered by tho Senate, nnd pocketed 92,000 of the amount. He ?sys , ho deposited it in Solomon's bank'and ; lo .1 it there, but a portion of thc money . wns drawn after the failure, and hence ho ? was clearly caught. He also drew $4,400 | for printing tho art? in thc Darlington ? Southerner, tv hen the paper's bill for the 1 printing was only $1,100. Although at j its proper figures thu bill was outrageous- < ly1 large, yet Wbftteraore managed to I pocket $3,300 more thi-n it called for. 1 Being thus caught up with, ho followed ' thc ex-Oovcrnor and fled from tho wrath which was fast coming upon him. Who inext? Ali INTERNAL WAH. ' While we are watching the slow move ments of tho Russian and Turkish armies with great interest, feeling that the fate of more than two of the nations of Europe bang upon its .csult, thore ii a strong probability that wo may have a bloody little episode between the Mor mon:) and Gentiles in this country. Brigham Young, the great hoad and prophet cf the Mormon faith in Utah, far ffernCu ai the champion polygamist cf the nineteenth Century, is putting on bis war paint and breathing out mutterings of vengeance and war because of govern meut?l interference In bia dominions for the prevention and punishment of crime. Dispatches from Salt Lako say that they are drilling in meeting houses, barns, stables, &c., there, and io most of tho minor towns. Great numbers of breech loading rifles have been shipped to Utah, and Brigham Young arose at an unex pected moment in tho tabernacle and ad dressed saints and dinners, giving the . .latter, who are Gentiles, to understand that if they wanted war they could get it at any time, and that they wero likely to have moro blood let out of their veins soon than they could conveniently spare at one time. In the Territory of Utah there aro about one hundred thousand Mormons sod only about fifteen thousand ?Gentiles, boneo an uprising on the1 part of the former could easily make a com i ?Iota m aunar rn nf tim latter, man? of whom are preparing to remove their families from the impending danger. Tho governmant will punish all criminals vigorously,, and if the Mormons resort to force there ia very little doubt that their settlement will ultimately bo entirely de Btroyed.' These people are iu many re spects not more than half civilized, and tho existence of such a colony upon our bOil forma a dark spot ia the history of our civilization. If the spirit of aggres BIOU becomes too violent in these people, and war in hegu-z, it does not requiro much proph?tie vision, to-foretell their Utter destruction. "Whom the gods wish to destroy they first make blind," and If the Mormons have become so blinded 13 io x uguraio. war, it is not improbable that tho sword, ( tho great purifier and. corrector of crying political and moral Evil t, whlr.ii have readied their lost stato ? crime, may. put 0 speedy termination. > the complicated problem of converting the Mormons, by blotting out from our Country the people who practice the hideous vice of polygamy, coupled with tho other . half-barbarious heresies of Mormonism. We trust no such severe remedy may ba. required, but the rum blings of tho storm have keen distinctly heard, and it may break forth at any ... The Hon 5 committee appointed to in vest?gate _?dgo Wright havo made the following report, which we hope wirti be adopted: Jiitotvcd, That J. J. Wright, Associate Justice Of tho Supreme Court .of South ?avoHca,'ta<?mp?aehed for druoL-inness. ' 11 Ait" i > ' U8?BY AN? "B." ! Mn, EDITOR : Tho idea held out in the I^O^M^f'^ubl?ah?d in your last Week's iBsU9a?y?r : t^e signature of "B,"that farmers (to aay nothing of mechanics and merchants) make their bread and mest by borrowing money, is about on a par with ,,T* >" theory of fae cstablbhment of National Banka, vis: That the stock holders, simply (deposit their bond ior ?iuv.Ow Triih' iii G goTcrsrac??, atd re ceive in consideration $90,000 curreaqy, to be loaned Out to planters and others to buy their provisions at a ruinous rate Of Now, in tho first place, national banka tualiyj??rcn&^?d^ften at aconslderaoio premlom-and deposited with tho United Btatos Treasurer to secure their circula tion ; and in tho second placo, the amount of bills Issued to the banka Is cnc> tenth lees than the actinal amount of capitol - ?aid in. To illustrate: A ns ?ional bank with a capital Of M0",000 has $50,000 United States bonds at par, which may bave coat the .tockholders $62;000. owing to tho premium the bonds were selling at the time tho purchase waa ova til Oy tn yitnjl ^?j*t? tr. ?yul?. $4?,000 national bank bilb for circuhv tiensof aoatfeitalbaftc fa our mids?, as lsomenugrb^ ?|ift^JJ^^4(^ ^he i>kt 0? te??-**ctioti. though ?s-sai^n mothes ?A???S ho ?iveh, t?fc? cam? under our owa observa-Os*.*v?Smrt; time sim?. A 1x^7 came to town? to bary coin, and, as osnal, on time. She weat, to the tttr rch>uta? and tho toaV s^s could do was . MAO per bushel, ?sparet? by lien ; but ; l?bfrthoc?ife ?b4 could set it at SO coats. -She called afc too bank, obtained the morrcjf', ond pvirehas<H. thc com, coating her. interest and sib one dollar per bushel, 1st N?reteber ?ext, ?? much ll^rtB*s?opt**t??vo usnry. ? ? Mr. Editor, I am not oe of those wka beUHjre that the hbjh rates which, ntoMgM.; rouaands in outstate is the jUa?.H ipousibi 1 ?ty, Sud causing every \|?n M *< ?istrust ht? neighbor, and, as a result, : Iriving thc tloatiug capital of the coun try into the strongholds for safety; and i iho latter forcing the farmer ter pfant al- I moat exclusively cotton to enablerhim to pay for supplies, bought ou time, at au i enormous percent, above the actual cash vul?e. " Let tim people go to work ead hsvo i these laws wiped out, and let the farmers i produce their own bread aud meat* aud i very soon many of them will have money j io loan. Theo wo shall hear less of ex- 1 tortioo, and money will be a. a low rate < A interest, whether usury lavs are ia < force or not, as tho price of money, un? i 1er ordinary circumstances, like the price < >f corn and . bacon, is regulated by the I supply aud demand. A. < . COLUMBIA COBBESF05DBSCE. ' Cou/'AiniA, May 14,1877. J One of the most serious questions now 4 oteresting the minds of the members of j he Legislature is, what disposition shall , >c made of the public debt, Being a i nember of the Ways aud Means Com- 1 nitteo, I have been.forced to investigate j he entire financial condition of the State, : ind wc have labored day and night to ' irrlvo ut euch a conclusion OH would be \ i aatisfactory exposition of the ebtiro ubjoct, and to hasten the adjournment' ' ?f the Assembly, We find that all the * K>nds issued since 1790 down to l&FS, in ( iccordance with acts ' authorizing ' the 1 ame, (except such as have been declared ' mil and void.) were consolidated Into ' lew bonds at tue rato of 'wo old bonds 1 br ono itew one. The o'.hor bonds not ' mumorated in this act, including th?* 1 llluo Ridge scrip, were declared illegal 1 md void. The amount of bonds cons?l dated in accordante with this act so far; tmount to about, in round nura-tere, fohr ind a half million dollars, and when all ?ir.t arc authorized to be funded are funded, thc amount' of the consolidated lebt will be $6,000,000. The amount of -he State's ante-bellum bonded indebted ness amounted to $6,183,000 ; hence it is seen that if the act authorizing tho fund ing of the entire dobt has been strictly neutered to, the present bonded indebted ness of the State is si little less than what the debt was bofore tho war. The amount of bonded indebtedness gotten rid of by previous Radical Legislat?rss amount to about $14,000,000, viz 5 $600/100 Conver sion bonds, nearly $2,000,000 B. R. R. R. Scrip, and $3,000,000 by compromise in tho funding scheme. Tao policy of the Radical party, as it seems, was to strain the credit of thc State to its utmost ex tent, and when its'bonds would no longer . bring cash upon tho market, they com promised and repudiated the debt, and then turned their attention to filling their capacious pockets by moana of direct taxation. Oar recent experience has taught us how necessary money is to sus tain and support our newly established government; and while it has been our' policy to reduce taxation to the very lowest amount commensurate with the necessities of the government, it is well understood that when so reduced it is absolutely necessary that whatever taxes are raised should go directly to the sup-. port of the government. Right here comes in our difficulties, and when ex plained you will readily understand why it is the public debt must necessarily en ter into the consideration of thia special Legi slat uro, and why it is we aro not able to bring tho session to a close. There aro three kinds of debts staring us in' the face, -hieb threats* the ireasur- **/i*K bankruptcy: ir.? First The bills of tho Bank of the Stale, which the Supreme Court of the United States hos declared valid and binding upon the State, and also receiva ble for taxes, The Circuit Judges have also ordered Treasurers to receive and receipt for them. . ant Second. The Big and Little Bonanza claims, which have been I by ' act of the Legislature declared a contract between the holders and the : Stete, and for tho payment of which . and a part of the contract, the Ramo Legislature levied a tax amounting to ab??i 2 J mills annually, tho samo to continue fur four years ; anti a? part of the same contrats, the lorying of the tax WOB not ?eft to succeeding jug?' islatures, but the tax was actually then' and there levied, and it was made tho duty of tho Auditors and Treasurers to collect it under heavy "pains ?nd penal ties. To attempt to set this aside by legislativo enactment' would be decided by the Courts os a violation of that arti cle of the Constitution cf tho United States prohibiting th? passage of any law impairing the obligation of a con tsanttf inls.- 1 ?n?i1 ' 'll ' Third. Tho bonded- debt. Tho act which created uud authorized, the con solidation of tho bonded indebtedness, waa so framed os to be a contract between the bondholders and tho State, , aha "pro vided in consideration of th'^oldera de livering up their old bonds phd taking new ones at,the rate bf two to one; aaa tho State further agreed, in 'consideration of tho holders accoptlng tho compromiso.' offered, that a tax of two milla should bo annually Tovied to.,pay the .Interest on' the bonds when consolidated, and. the coupons of caid bonds should bo receiv able for taxes.. There'ia alco, be?ides theao three characters of indebtedness, a larrie dsbt iib th?' ahapp Of deficiencies,. clf.im?, floatlog iudobtedneMrand^?-, tingent. liabilfe.. all. pf ;)wh?cVm readily be ?otten rfd of by^egW?'e^; f.?taient, and when opportunity presenta t nb doubt will bo proven io be Rudo ient, at least the largest portion will. bo. This debt can hot; wbrry."ttsi at present, and therefore wo dori*t prppo^.^j^bn' it this session. , '.": ' The question, then,is'how can wejirq tect tlie treasury from being, flooded; by' these bills of the bank of tho State and thO coupons-of tho^cons^lldaj^d jbonds. and how can the tax-naver? bo'.?rotect?u from tho levy' bf 2J milla t6 pay fh?Vprb rata ?haro of the ?wo Bonanza ylai ma r Jt will take $500,000, br flv6 -vi).'?, tb meet ?hy actual current es?yn,5?. the -Btato government, cutting down oxperiaes to our owh figures. Now, if thesb bills and cou nona siro not provided for- or kept but Of tho .treasury, , our tax will have to be thAt much higher. Ib blhcr words, be fiJT-Q jb jrai jan tja r-J-.V1 'SUI ?V?? n^JL^rj' Ue?bt^ bo dono to protect the State from liebig flooded bf billa and. coupons,' aa, ahbva atated. Supposa a tag mi?lhlSm^?? bo levied,'and, alarga part should bb paid in these billa abd coupons, the trcsS?fr would bo necessarily short to that omobnC Bonanza claims ont tba way, tuteo tax we havo beou ucoblo to dc vito ?pla? to avoid the coupons," notwithntandloitdbt'e. ..??TV aa??*? ??rv ??MNiII .?Ili vv va M.U iWnn ' counsel. Tho committee has reebffi-'l mended that these bonds should be . sub appointed fe ?that,.ptrrboee:.J^re;,^ inwhl coed Stat?) thing but it Hampton ii 'wo ? position that a should bo paid in bitta and eoup-ian, t__ a deficiency as to produco dud The Radical Senate sccs this dagger we ire in, and so Tar they hare blocked us from eifsctinc any arrangement looking Js to the great ultimatum-lay taxea,T They unite with us heartily ia Jre4prin|El balaric, becar.se they are ciclaj^ jroi^ ' participation therein, but II ism wa at? j tltnpt to touch the bank bills, Boasnsa j claims and the bonds, they snap end i snarl bec*uso theso claims aro in the bands, ta s large extent, o? their co operators. Think of the large tax levied by the Mackey House last winter-fifteen mill? for State purposes alone-and we can realizo tho extent of the sum from which wo have been saved. The people of this State realized dur ing the past few years bow essential to meceos il was to DC thoroughly united, ind by anion and a sinking of individual prejudices and preferences the Radical fiesta were beaten and tho State redeemed. [Jar small majority io the General As sembly" made ty necessary to pursue the uuna coursa In order to render thc suc cesses of the campaign available, and lisviog1 such, a leader ss Hampton-pore, irise and successful--it waa thought to be m easy mattoe to ooite all elements upon aim, peing a* he was so absolutely the* people's choice; but this bas proven in a neasure not true, as there Is a. disposition >n tho part of some to set at naught his ' orudent and statesmanlike counsels. Saving so small a maioiitj in tho Gen- i irai Assembly, experience Bhould teach 1 is, in. order that the voice of the tax payers ,. should prevail, that tho tax payers'.representatives should be united kindly, and this can only bo accom iliahed by a thorough understanding in "meai, and then by slicking together. Notwithstanding this self-evident conclu sion, we have members, who entiroly dis ipprove of tho .caucus system, and are. ioirig all they caa to defeat it. It re linda one of the policy of the indepen lent candidates, fropt Whom we baye mitered so much,. I am'apprehensive of serious results growing out pf thia oppo sion to caucu&ilng, for lt would take but l few defaulters to defeat thy Democratic majority, aud lose to' us the fruits of our victory. Our oaly hope rests upon sup porting Gov. Hampton and bia adminis tration. ' If he is defeated tho Democratic party Is defeated. Two years ago '^e Democrat!?; minority succeeded in ?nsv.t ibg.a wedge,' aa It tyexo, between Gov. Chamberlain and his party, and by re peated blows We succeeded lu sundering the Radicals in twain, and rescuing the State from their grasp. They realize to the fullest extent the danger of such an attack, and aro now lending their utmost powers to retaliate upon us in the same manner. A considerable amount of work waa accomplished during tho last week, such as amending laws so as to make salaries and expenses conform to our low tax levy.. The lien hw/ ls virtually repealed, bills td that effect having passed two readings in both Houses. The further consideration of the usury question has been postponed until next session. A bill giving counties the right to vote on tho no fence law has passed the Senate, but unless materially amonded, which we hope' to do In tho House, I am afraid it would prove au injury instead of a bless ing tc a community. The Auditors and Treasurers will bb retained, but their salaries will be reduced and shorn of their perquisites, whereby something over $100,000 will be saved annually. A cau cus will meet to-night to nominate, a Chief Justice. B. W. S. CORRECTION. MB. EOITOB : In my communication last,week on usury I fell into two errors, from my miscellaneous reading, from in formation 'obtained from others, and from my raiting on. tho spur pf the mo ment, ' which I ask to be permitted to 1. The tas paid by national banks is not moro than half of what I stated. 2. National banks deposit with the United States Treasurer United States bonds/ odd not the bond of tho stock holders. I i These bonds bear interest;' which is. paid to-the banks out of the treasury of the United States, some of them bearing six percent, interest in ?old. . Since ?sending yon my . communication last weak,.cay attention." baa been ca?cd to. the act of Congress on banking, and; finding that I made the errors, I hasten, to correct thom, although they effect very ! Kttlo the profits made by natiodal hanks. _ B. AUGUSTA- ARD KNOXVILLE RAIL ROAD. The friends of this enterprise in the Stated of Georgia, South'Carolina, North Carolina a^d Tennessee met in Conven tion at: the Opera House, in the city of: Augusta, on tho 9th inst., and organised bv making Msj. W. JG. Sibley temporary chairman; An address of welcome was delivered by Mr. Mv J. Vordy. of Angos ta, and responded'to by Mr. Samuel Mo Xinne, Oi Knoxville, after < which tho credentials of delegates were provided for,'arr', s .committee on permanent or ganize*: _? < pointed; ' . Fending the permanent organization of the body, a number of gentlemen were called for and addressed the Convention Ethe general object* Of the road, andi g them waa Hom E. M. RucVer, of .?ace,, whose speech is reported a* follows:; ' '. Maj. Bucker, in response, said he might say he had a sort of hereditary iuterest ia this .enterprise. A convention on thia Bubiect waa held in Knoxville in 1888, and his father waa a delegate to that con vention. Ho thought the proposed read gone of thc most important ever con plated. Wherever the chain of tho e nidge Mountains had bee? aenetr? by railroads, tho most beneficial re sulta bad followed. The whole of Ten nessee, tho wholo i of Georgia, the whole of Sooth Carolina, the whole of North Carolina had an interest in the building of this rood. Augusta had been relega ted to tho back ground, by Atlanta, bat thia road ooce built it would occupy even a better position than Atlanta.'. Then Augusta will bo afpresidisfcribrj?ingpoint for tho. Southeastero S&tes, and a great deal of. the. commerce wi th, the ! West In dies willbo directed to Fort Boyal through Augusta, jilli " 700 miles nearer from Chicago to i'ort noyai iban ?vm Z??W York,, end perhaps to New Orleans. It ia important, if this Union, il to, last, that lt should be a Union to* very lUiag.. This road bmli, it win do mor? to bring us to Teal parties in tho country".- ; Thoso^St?ea' which understand:, tile situation should conatituto themsel*? distributing points, great commercial;?contres.!.It ia on. ao~ countof thoEmat tbrough 1 mes centreing in Atlanta: thalaba bas mada euch pro gress,, -Augusta should now Inaugurate a graat through lino to connect it with tba West, and thus become a distributing point for x?orth and Booth Carolina and Georgia, He believed that many thou nets submitted tho following reporte As a part of the business of this coiAflUee. bile ve d^uutjntend to. map fteud ^?Krel ?nd fy?&?frtiThc?d that^bu? Oap ?H the great objective point coinmon to the citizens of both the northern and south ern terminus of this road: that the trunk Hue, t.vm this city to dalton's Island, we have to those immediately interested ; tb"., from this point the next objective point we hold to bo the connection with the Elberton Bead; graded, and to be graded, from or near Thompson Factory, on Eroad river, to Toccoa City, and from thence tho most practicable and feasible route on to the Kabuu Gap. From Toccoa to Clayton. 27 milos. Clayton to North Caroliba line 9 From Augusta to Tocco? City ..125 " Total.,....151 J? . From the best Information we can get. the opinion of the commins bj, that Augusta eau, with tho assistance of the counties of Columbia and Lincoln, com-' plete the Angosta and Knoxville Railroad to Broad river, say within 'n mila of Thompson's Factory. Mr. B.1 Frank Sloan, of Oconeo, repre senting the wishes of tho South Carolina delegation, moved to substitute the fol lowing presmblo Sad resolutions for the report of the committee: WIIEBEAB, The proposed linc of rail road between Augusta, Qa., and Knox ville, Tenn., is divided between different interests couth of Rabun Oap,'each inter est claiming to be a suitable trunk lino;, and whereas, ono of tho' factors' In deter mining Bald route is the ?nrant of local trade which shall be" tributary tb fiaid road; and further, UM additional and ira {?briant consideration' is,'the amount of oca! subscription, eU'ier State, county or individual, that may bo Obtained for the competing Unes; therefore bc it Resolvea, That tho location.. of, said trank line be postponed to an adjourned riveting tb be held at-, en - day R??dlved, .That a committee of -- bp appointed by 'the Chair, whose duty it shall bo to obtain tho necessary informa tion of local support and Ideal subscrip tion and report toe same to the meeting provided for in first resolution. A .motion whs made to lay this substi tute on the table, and Hob: J. 3. Murray, addressing the Convention in favor of the substitute, said: That this enterprise had occupied the attention, of the: people of the Mississippi Valley fa* forty years, and he thought it best uot'to ?ettlo Upon a location for tho road now without consid ering ibo merita of the different xvute? Ereposed.: The choice of location was etween the east of the' Savannah river and the west. Augusta already has the trade west of the river. If the road 75 run east of the river from thirty to forty thousand bales of cottonj yearly, will bo secured to Augusta which she has not now. If it is built on the west side, she will get only the trade that oho already has and lose that on the east side. The real interest of the great West is to find an outlet for i tn produce, and heneo it should seek such a route as will give it tho best market. The eastern1, rente would enable this road to supply the Western produc?s to both South Carolina, and Georgia, thereby-greatly .increasing its business. Its location ought not to bo decided upon hastily^ and an effort should bo mad o to ascertain the material aid likely to be furnished by the local sec tions of each of tho proposed routes. ! The su bs ti tut was loot and the reno? - of tho committeo adopted, . Col. Charlton, of ^Knoxville, Tenn., addressing the Convention, said: He would only say a few worvv:- He had had the opportunity for several months of feeling tho guise Of this beautiful city Ol AUguaia. uS lOWUWMIU ? JCS" 3g3 .that they held a convention in the city of Charleston,-whose people they all loved. He meant to cost no reflection.1? upon Charleston and' her people, but it was .well known ?bat .they dla not meet with success. Socially they were treated all right, but littlo waa done for the railroad. When they weat home they* decided to hold the next : convention in Augusta. He wrote to Augusta about the'matter, land received an invitation,-' numerously signed,, for the convention to most in Augusta. . Prominent business men of Augusta, took, the work in hand with a vipa, ano secured tho passage of a charter for the Augusta aud Knoxville Railroad. The Tennessee delegates cami here pledged heart: anti aoul to the people of Augusta and tho ?.action along tho river ?br,the completion .of thc trunk line. South Carolina had her opportunity, lind abo lost it. He thought the pathway be fore them waa clear. Ho saw nothing ki the , way pf linking together Knoxville and Augusta. ,'They were going borne in tho, yeij. best..possible humor. . They wore going back to tell their people that Augusta was all right, and woultlido her duty. Ho. would say ?to the. people. Of Augusta that the people , of Marys ville and, Knoxville intended to chow their , faith, by , their ? works. : In less than ninety days, if the people of Au gusta pud, Nort'i. Carolina .gaveisubstaa tial evidence of what'they intended to do, they wt, sid, have their portion of .the road UJidc?.?ontrol., . j ; ?? *reo.bradley ofiered tho fallowing res olutions, which were adonted: . .Jlicsolixd, That, the .railroad heretofore known M th? Gr^nwood and ? Aug<uita Railroad shall bo incorporated into ?.nd becomo a branch of the: A?truAta. Knox ville and Greenwood BaTlroSd. ? ?jBwbed, f.X?at all tunnies heretofore paid on tho 6tcck of the Greenwood and Augusta Railroad shall be s?taowledgod os sp much rtock paid Into the Augusta, Knoxyiljo andG^enivnodBeUroad.Com P ??^ctaL.ThatVel''^ to cowdst p*> fifteen, members, shall be appointed by tho President of the Au guste, ; Knoxville Ttnd Greenwood Rail road/ whoso , duty it^hoR be to canvass thc cctirabne ranning $hrooghithe.3fate of South Carolina, from Wnlton'a Island, in the, Savannah river; to Greenwood, the upper tarminus. of-the!0l4 MttVlo ?tin i Jtt?o?vea\ Thata <?iTimUaion,to.t?oasist Of fivo njombers, shall; be appointed by thoPresidant of tba Augusta. Knoxville and Greenwood Rnilroadi with full au thority to socure tho righi of ?roy by deed and' HMO ,in>ui 'pi%fc'^''. -h!a; lani said road wnl run:/, lilied, That a committee of < three toemhers shall bo appoin ted by tho Pre*1 ur^wuoarifafcurea^ ?arere* ly tb.e.chartoj of the Gwi vood and Au> SST* iPW' ?SiV*e? k? Miere is any* toing initial will Uiwompatiblewith the surrender of said charter, with ali its rjBhte. and nriviMgea, to the Angusta. if ?n,to vMm^P^BB^To of South Camena to refflbve any such imped? MfyeJ, That ^J^i^^^u^x BoutoCarolina shall be uaed m tho con straciionoi inai portion of the road lying J^^^^^^^^^^^P^toe^ U*t?^ m>M ?bo. v<t4^^:.U^^r.v>?^ STATE FB^pB'ASSOCIATION. v Th&Bouth (?f^B* SUte Preaa^ ANO JW??WL?J??? t$?.t??Mu.if*eeti?? ?D eh??!?- I Wr?, be?inn'ng on Wednesday, the Otk c Sjixht thoirooriia of the Chamber of a gAJKsjtaap^g following pe wo nu were t ANaJIt, aiArebltfplM their respective ? James A. Hoyt, Columbia Jiegister. c President ; F. W.. Dawson, AC?* and 1 (burier, First Vice President; T. Stoho t Farrow;' Spartanbur/T ???Yaut, " Second I Vice President; S., W. Maurice, Kingar c treo-Sia/, Tmrd W)bo J^resident; Jt??e* g T. Bacon, Edgefleld Adviser, fifa i Vice President; E. B. Murray. A peterson n INTBLMUENCEB, Corresponding Beer?; r tsry ; T. F. Greneker, Newberry Jffymd? "! Treasurer ; F. P, Beard, Kershaw Gaeeite; J. C. Hempkifl, Abbeville Medium; I), i J. Carter, Lancaster Ledger; W. J..Mc* i Kerral. Marion Afar; B. B. Blcrda?? |< Newt arid (hurter; 3; V. McT^cas, Ma- ,( rkm Merchant arid Farmer; xL L. Farley, t Carolina Spartan; ? W. D, Truotham, Camden Journal; Bpv. J. I. Bonser, D, i D., ^?*oc?a(< Sefori^,Pr^Werlan; 3* i McBae, Aiken Journal i President Hoyt called the Association to order and expressed gratification at \ the number of journals represented, and < the auspicious circumstances of the meet- ? lng. He believed tho organization bad ] accomplished much good In tho recent canvass, and wea destined to continue lt? < usefulness. Ho roferred to tho legislative < attempts to regulato uowepnjicr advert?s- ( ?ng ratea as unjust, and asked the Asso-, ] elation to act upon the'subject. He i closed by paying a high tribute, to the/ j memory of Col. B. H. Wilsop, late of the i Georgetown Time?, who had died since ?i tho last meeting of the Association. i Mr. J. C. Hcmpbill Was elected tem porary Secretary, and the foljowlbg gop- S I tlemen were elected members of tue As- < sociation : E. A: Bronson, Barnwell Sen- , (incl; C. W. Dudley, Marlboro* Planter. F. Melobers, Zeitung; A'. 8. Todd, An- , derson Journal; W- C. Keith: Walhalla , Courier; B. B. Rhett, E. G. Dill, Journal \ of Commerce; C. Irvine Wallcer, Monthly Record; Li M. Grist Yorkville Enquirer; ; On motion of Mir.' J. C. H?mpMlI,. , Messrs. J. A. Hoyt/*1..W. Dawson; X C. Hcmpbill, H. Ii; Farley and J. D. Mc-. Lucas wore' appointed a committee to \ memorialise the Legislature, aad ask Tor, 1 a repeal of all laws loading, to interiore with the private business of publishers by enacting rates for official advertising. [ Ga motion of Mr, E. B. Murray,, a committee consisting of Messrs. B...B.' Rhett, J. Ti Bonner andT. F. Greneker was appointed to draft buitoblo resblu* ' tloos upoa the death of Col. B. H.'WH-. son, of Georgetown. An invitation to witness thc Begatta from the steamer Sappho on Thursday ? morning, and also an invitation to sa?' I with the proprietors of the New? mw i Courier at the Charleston Hotel \ ott j wednesday evening afc' eight o'clock, . were received, and the thanks Of the As sociation returned to the parties extend ing them. A recess was taken to S p. m. AFTERNOON SESSION. At tho re-aasombling of. the Associa tioa, Capt. F. W. Davyson stated to tho members that ho desired to call.their at* tcnt?on to tho effort, being made to, raise funds to complete paying for the memor rial proposed to be erected to tho memory of i William Gilmore Simms. The gen- : tlemen entrusted with,the work, ha ve re cured an excellent bast of tho great hi? torian, poet and patriot, : and need about fifteen hundred dollars io complete tho payment and erect the bust. If ag?ee abie, the Hon. W. D. Perter, President of the' Association, would be pleased to explain the objecto and desires of the Memorial Association. Capt. Dawson was appointed a com mittee of ono to inform Hon. W. D. Porter that this',.Association would bo Sleased to hear him at 1 p. m. on. Tburs ayY.; " i'? g * W*i aaj Un motion OF Coi. C. Irviiio nraiker, pr. G. W. Bagby was elected an honorary , member of this body. ' ; i The Association then went into an . election for officers,' with the/'bliowing 'result: . j James A. Hoyt, President. F. W. Dawson, First Vice-president.,,.; ; ' T. Stobb Farrow,;Second Vice-Preidr dent. . ... . . S. W. Maurice, Third Vice-Prbskl^t: B. E. Hemphijl, Fourth Vice-Fresi-; , ?dont. James T. Bacon, Fifth VJce-Pi^ident.j ' , A. A. Gilbert, Recording Secretary,. ?;. ' E. B. Murray, Corresponding Secretary? , ' T. F, Greneker, Treasurer.. '"/ '.' , , h.The Association theo adjourned .to meet.at 1 p.-m. to-morrow. ".' THE ANN??fi i??D.Bp?SS. ? was delivered before tho: Association in i Hibernian Hali, afc 8 o'clock p. m., bv 1 Dr. G. W. Bagby, of Bichmond, Va?;? <?. j large audience of ladies and gentlemen i ?listened to it with great pleasure, aad we , rc-publish it upoa an ot Le? ?>??e. i ? At tho conclusion of the address the .members of tho Association repaired to 'the Charleston Hotel, where they enjoyed the' hospitalities Off.Messrs.' Riordan & Dawson In partaking of a sumptuous ? i ' ' ftUtPEB, furnished by tbem for their brethren pf;. : the press. About thirty.gentleme'fl w?re: jpTfeseht, and eajoyed the enWtoWai?iit ; moat ? highly. Numerous informal" jspee?h?sVcro mode;' and the party did ! bot'.separate until a late hour In the night. . tnUKSPA-f'S PROCk?E?>ING:l. l pn Thursday morning tho! members of the Press wont ' out upon the cteamer" , Sappho to withrss the towing races had under tho auspices of tho Begatta Asso- ; ciatiou.. F.tar races werb witnessed, two, of thom bebag closely .coiiieste^., and el?oi?hg great intereeC The.Palmetto Club ciimed Oflf the honora of the day. ' pCha' occasion was much'enjoyed by all Who were present.. .; . Afc ? p. m., ?be Association waa,caiied to.ordcr.j Hon. W. D. Porter^ ?ddimad the body under ;tho inyitatioa oxtended hlca upon tho subject bf thc Simms Me morial. ?mi said:* I ' Mf. Chairman wiji 'Gf*t?f?rif}ri? I am Slad that you hay<>'allowed! me the prfy eae pf,;hoing.present with yon'.w-?ay? . and tospiAk to yOtt on'r^ ??h?'ft^t^Vt I . k^ow y?ii'hll feel an\Iiitcr?qtf5?.?? . r.f*|-,'.* ' My object in. bringing before Jp* thia. matter is, tnnt'Mr^Simras wasia Printer, long beforo he became n Poet and Histo ! rlaln. Hb.w?^a'rn^ b'frcmiirkableoksa;) 1 noter, and tho architect; oi ms tmu t?i ; tones. Hb whole't?m'? was devoted wi the State of S^attt!lt^flna>pdthe whole ' bia memory1. ..When Mr. Simms died a . few gentlemen. In this city thmio-ht Lh?A tho metnory; of such a man wh?ht4!aSa BO much ??r South Carolinaapd theSoath should not bo passed u?notl?ed?'aW?hAfc? [ a monument plight to bb placed Over his lost resting placo. Those gentfemen met : at thp.Cemetery, arid tbtough. their cn deay^ t?rPoarcd a lot free and raised the i ?TOi^-51'000- At the same ^1??*;; ,?nd ought to j that anm I ance due has been owing fat: cottntv an e'?rnesUppcTtc^^ ptess to toke the matter tip Id ea land not allow it to f?l!?-"That K^ptktutt that .. he MIowJn~ ?hieb .?*J?05?*&9 , je maa - if Booth Carolina baa r Bronw ; ?ad >.needed to i !f.fryg?g?. ?*>*?i ?y ?A ?j. ??...?_._? J-?-'???.,-.-j nitteeofoae, ... ?ibero in the good work, to.? ifijr dellar* in ?ecb county ?f >U?av w f i . rlsttttftiJm J&ife " ^gaj^ejj^iifi a>LBJkctt?? .en, of Georgetown, owteg; ' ..... Warne from whence,np ??veh^r*^^ ind whereas, it iaJfe^SEtR nX^tifc^r^^ (?hMbeitMatF^ rare, afr^a,Catvlinal?w icpartui itoredb SOYerni oabare, nently cisneo . befit in these reeplo?w,!*^ heen^warc^ th iat^nS^ ^^yffljSj^r*^^ ^Tbe termiotloM were nnanlmob^y Mr. Farrow eald that he desired to submit ?' mem?rial ffi? THmp$? to tho memory of on?. tbow^ noib o? the AsaocUtfcn,' ?.clos?y identlfled with ita interest?. 1 Ho therefore begged: leave.t? offer the following: Whereas, the press of; this State baa recently beon #emw. ofj bae bf its brightest Ornaments by the death of Charles Pierce Pelham,, Bate ^Uo^.?? the Columhia T>&tyJfyjrie??TA Ule. proper sod becoming that thia 4er?iatU>n( although he was not o member $erep5f. kbould aye some expression efjts anpxccla?ion of the ability with, which hfo ' connection ?wi$ the journalism, of Sobtn Carolina bala neun marked:,therefore, ^1. i^b!^. JChat;,,ln tho, - .death of Charles Viht?krwumW Carolina has bebri deprived bf ? one of Ita worthy, talented and j^i|n^ft^'?ein,. ; 2.'Pcs??vcd, That w? rs]u??reiy deplor? tbs death o? one whose thoroo^ddy eda catod and r??bW ?&Wfa^aflnd has done BO much'to elevate and rcfineJoUr [ nalisra Wth?'Stat?ii and wabri* ^bnmch ; nted so much to the; wcoeas'or ?Orecent campaign ! and the redemption ' or South Carblins. - . ' , ' , ." , 3. Resolved; Thai toe -above preamble ; and resolutions bo recorded in .Oar' rabV utos, and published in the toper* of this State : also, that\Qa\Wm^k\t: bf th? ; Association transmit a t?py of the samo to the family nf Mo with the .expression of $* sympathy of thetnem bers of. tho Association iatheir sad bd reaverceat,. " The resolutions, were unauiavwiy adopted. ' Mr. McLucos offered a resolution that l&e.'t??idnv?f the JC?ociatl?n be retora m ^^:te^[. toYm&Uv. lecture de livered before ?he AsaocbttiQn, and tb re; ;qnbat a^^,pT'theri?an.?ro? publication. Co?. Walker c#efe4' ^ tho thanks of the At^hrtlba be'returned to the Regatta Association for p?urterie? shown, and to Messrs. Reordan &T>awsoo for the hano>oirie 'manner in which thc Association txi?. been1 entertained by these .gentlemen. The1 resolution was unarimoualy adopted." . i The chair appointed .Messrs. Murray, tfcmphRl and. walker*; committee to take charge of the punting p? the &uau?l meeting of the Association: President Hoyt returned bia th^is to the Awdkaation for the, honor conferred itt re-elobin^>Jn\ ?tit?tf President.and pledged bJmaelFto do ??? in bis Wr to ?dvance'theintt?re^ bad toe-hemo?y^ rThee^oca?t??n Ttheb aujourned ??nc. * ?ftA" ?i rt -bj^ rJWEund'e'' SPpl?S? rdns irnle? ?ast ^?nderst** tf. n. They am tafee, watt trained end }n^jjrnd?&m. ti M. i?cGjnw?. :. May 19,18.7_- . , M ' : ,1 : i il Innung' vrf /.* ; ;\tindira \?n '? {.'".. m?i tl'.