Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY HOYT & CO. ANDERSON, S. O, THURSDAY, APRIL 19, 1877._VOL. XII-NO. 40. RA TBS OF SUBSCRIPTION.?Two Dollabs per annum, and Osz Dollar for six months. Subscriptions are not taken for a less period than six months. Liberal deductions made to clubs of ten or iiore subscribers. RATES OF ADVS&TI8INQ.?One Dollar per square of one inch for the first insertion,and Fifty Cents per squars for subsequent Insertions leas than three months. Ko advertisements counto less than a square. Liberal contracts will be made with those wishing to advertise for three, six or twelve months. Ad? vertising hy contract must becsnfined to the Im? mediate business of the firm or Individual contrac? ting. Obituary Notices exceeding five lines, Tributes of Respect, and all personal communications or matters of individual interest, will be charged for at advertising rates. Announcements of marriages and deaths, and notices of a religious character, are respectfully solicited, and will be inserted gratis THE LAST OF THE USURPATION. Elliott, Cardoza, et al.. bid Chamber? lain Adieu ! Chamberlain's Farewell Arraigns the President. Columbia, S. C, April 10,1877. His Excellency D. H. Chamberlain, Gov? ernor South Carolina, Columbia, S. C: Dear Sir?Recurring to the views severally expressed by us during the per? sonal conference, which we had the honor to hold with you yesterday, in regard to the political complications which have grown out of the late canvass in this State, we beg leave to apprise you form? ally of the conclusions we have reached, after mature deliberation and the gravest reil ection which we have been able to betitow upon the subject. Whilst we are no less inspired with ad? miration for the dignified and resolute manner in which you have consistently maintained your claims to the Guberna? torial chair, by virtue of the election held in November last, than we are solemnly impressed with the validity of your title to the office, we are unanimous in the be? lief that to prolong the contest, in the absence of that moral aid to which we feel ourselves and our party justly en? titled at the hands of a national adminis? tration, installed, in large measure, through the same agencies which are now held to be insufficient for our main? tenance, will be to incur the responsibil? ity of keeping alive partisan prejudices which are in the last degree detrimental to the'best interests of the people of the State, and'1 perhaps of'precipitating & physical conflict that could have but one result to our defenseless constituency. We cannot afford to contribute, However indirectly, to such a catastrophe, even in the advocacy of what we know to be our rights. We are agreed, therefore, in counseling you to discontinue the struggle for the occupancy of the Gubernatorial chair, convinced ?s we are that, in view of the disastrous odds to which its maintenance has been subjected by the action of the national administration, yonr retirement will involve no surrender of principle, nor its motive be misapprehended by the great body of that political party to which, in common with ourselves, you are attached; and whose success in the past in this State has been ennobled by Jour intelligent and useful services. We ave the honor to be, very respectfully, yours, Robert B. Elliott, Attorney General. Thomas C. Dunn, Comptroller General. F. L. Oardozo, Treasurer, i H. E. Hayne, I ft A Secretary, of State. /. . "JOHJrRrTOLBERT, Superintendent of Education. - ' James Kennedy, Adjutant and Inspector General. The following is the address of Mr. Chamberlain: . , lb the JtepubHcans of South Carolina: J~ \ By your tafll I .was -made. Governor of this State in 1874., At, the.election on. the 7th of November last T was again? Try'' your votes, elected, to the same office. My title to the office,, upon every legal and moral ground, is to-day clear and perfect. By'the recent decision and ac? tion of the President of the United States I find myself unable longer to maintain my official rights with the prospect of final success, and I hereby announce to you that I. am unwilling to prolong a struggle which can only bring further suffering upcii those who engage in it. In announcing this conclusion, it is my duty to say for you that the Republicans of South. Carolina entered upon their re? cent political struggle for the mainte? nance of their political and civil rights. Constituting, beyond question, a large majority of the lawful voters of the State, you allied yourselves with that political party whose central and inspiring prin? ciple has hitherto been the civil and political freedom of all men under the constitution and laws of our country. By heroic efforts and sacrifices which the just verdict of history will rescue from the cowardly scorn now cast upon them by political placemen and traders, you secured the electoral vote of South Caro? lina for Hayes and Wheeler. In accom? plishing this result you became the vic? tims ofevery form of persecution and in? jury. From authentic evidence it is shown that not less than one hundred of your number were murdered because they were faithful to their principles and exercised rights solemnly guaranteed to them by the nation. You were denied employment, driven from your homes, robbed of the earnings of years of honest industry, hunted for your lives like wild beasts; yonr families outraged and scat? tered, for no offense, except your peaceful and firm determination to exercise your political rights. You trusted, as you had a-right-*? trust, that if by such efforts you established the lawful supremacy of your political party in the nation, the government of the United States, in the discharge of its' constitutional duty, would protect the lawful government of the State from overthrow at the hands of your toK^lalP enemies. t From causes, patentto all men'and questioned bynone who regard truth, you have been unable to overcome 'the unlawful combinations and obstacles which have opposed the practical supremacy of the government which your votes have established. For many weary months you have waited for your deliverance. While the long strug? gle for the Presidency was in progress you were exhorted by every representa? tive and organ of the national Republican party to keep your allegiance true to that party in order "that your deliverance from the hands of your oppressors might be certain and complete. Not the faintest whisper of the possibility of disappoint? ment in these hopes and promises ever reached you while the struggle was pend? ing. To-day, April 10, 1877, by the order of the President whom your votes alone rescued from overwhelming defeat, the government of the United States abandons you; deliberately withdraws from you its support, with the full knowl? edge that the lawful government of the State will be speedily overthrown. By a new interpretation of the consti? tution of the United States, at variance alike with the previous practice of the government and with the decisions of the Supreme Court, the Executive of the United States evades the duty of ascer? taining which of two rival State govern? ments is the lawful one, and by the withdrawal of troops now protecting the State from domestic violence abandons the lawful State government to a struggle with insurrectionary forces toopowerfulto be resisted. The grounds of policy upon which such action is defended are start? ling. It is said that the North is weary of the long Southern troubles. It was weary, too, of the long troubles which sprung from the stupendous crime of chattel slavery and longed for repose. It sought to cover them from sight by wick? ed compromises with the wrong which disturbed its peace, but God held it to its duty until, through a conflict which rocked and agonized the nation, the great crime was put away and freedom was or? dained for all. It is said that if a majority of the peo? ple of a State are unable by physical force to maintain their rights, they must be left to political servitude. Is this a doctrine ever before heard in our history ? If it shall prevail, its consequences will not long be confined to South Carolina or Louisiana. It is said that a Democratic House of Representatives will refnse an appropria? tion for the army of the United States if the lawful government of South Carolina is maintained by the military forces. Submission to such coercion marks the degeneracy of the political party or peo? ple which endures it. A government worthy the name, a political party fit to wield power, never before blanched at j such a threat. But the edict has gone forth. No argu? ments or consideration which your friends could present have sufficed to avert the disaster. No effective means of resist? ance to the consummation of the wrong are left. The struggle can be prolonged. My strict legal rights are of course wholly unaffected by the action of the President. No court of the State has jurisdiction to pass upon the title to my office. No law i ful Legislature can be convened except upon my call. If the use of these powers promised ultimate success to our cause, I should not shrink from any sacrifices which might confront me. It is a cause in which, by the light of reason and con? science, a man might well lay down his life. But, to my mind, my present re? sponsibility involves the consideration of the effect of my action upon those whose representative I am. I have hitherto been willing to ask you, Republicans of South Carolina, to risk all dangers and endure all hardships until relief should come from the government of the United j States. That relief will never come. I cannot ask you to follow me further. In j my best judgment, I can no longer serve you by further resistance to the impend? ing calamity. With gratitude to God for the measure of endurance with which He has hitherto inspired me, with gratitude to you for j your boundless confidence in me, with grofound admiration for your matchless delity to the cause in which we have struggled, I now announce to you and to the people of the State that I shall no longer actively assert my right to the office of Governor of South Carolina. The motives and purposes of the Presi? dent of the United States in the policy which compels me to my present course are unquestionably honorable and patri? otic. I devoutly pray that events may vindicate the wisdom of his action, and that peace, justice, freedom and pros? perity may hereafter be the portion of t every citizen of South Carolina. D. H. Chamberlain, | Governor of South Carolina. Hayes on the South?Letter from Gov. Vance. Raleigh, N. C, March 27. Editors Chronicle and Constitutionalist: Djbab Sirs?Your letter has been re? ceived, asking my views as to the posi \ tion the Southern Democracy should oc? cupy towards Mr. Hayes, and whether they should apply for or hold office under his administration, etc. Briefly and simply, then: In every? thing, except the mere forms of law, I regard Mr. Hayes' as a usurper. By maintaining armed intervention in States recently declared by the commission un? der which he claims to be so sovereign, that no act of theirs could be impeached or even inquired into, though tainted by a fraud that would have avoided any other human transaction, in any court in Christendom, he is flagrantly defying the Constitution of his country. Every day that United States troops are kept in and about the State Houses of South Carolina and Louisiana by Mr. Hayes' order, he is guilty of crucifying the Constitution afresh and putting it to open shame. And all men who hold office nnder him of political significance, are holding his garments whilst liberty is bayonetted to eath. The plea of uniting with evil? doers for the purpose of controlling them is as contemptible as it is stale. It lost its efficacy in the service of renegade na? tive Southerners, who joined the Radi? cals in time to participate in the recon? struction era of plunder. The duty of the Southern Democrats as well as of the Northern Democrats, and of Domocrats and friends of constitution? al liberty everywhere, is to wage open war against Mr. Hayes and all other men who disregard the plain provisions of that great charter of the rights of the States and of the people. Especially is iit the duty of the Democracy to see that not another dollar is voted to the support of the army until guarantees are given that it shall no longer be used to destroy the States, and shear them of their just powers. I see no objection to Democrats filling subordinate positions to which no politi? cal significance is attached, except in so far as the sense of obligation to the ap? pointing power may weaken the blows which an honest man should always be ? ready to strike the enemies of his coun? try's honor and welfare. Yours respectfully, Z. B. Vance. Is Your Note Good. A Boston lawyer was called on a short time ago by a boy, who inquired if he had any waste paper to sell. The lawyer had a crisp, keen way of asking questions, and is, moreover, a methodical man. So pulling out a large drawer, he exhibited a stock of waste paper. "Will you give me two shillings for that?" The boy looked at the paper doubting ly a moment and offered fifteen pence. "Done 1" said the lawyer, ana the pa? per was quickly transferred to the bag of the boy, whose eyes sparkled as he lifted the weighty mass. Not till it was safely stowed away did he announce that he had no money. "No money I How do you expect to buy paper without money ?" Not prepared to state exactly his plan of operations, the boy made no reply. "Do you consider your note good?" asked the lawyer. "Yes sir." "Very well; if you say your note is good, I'd just as soon have it as the money; but if it isn't good I don't want it." The boy affirmed that he considered it good; whereupon the lawyer wrote a note for fifteen pence, which the boy signed legibly, and lifting the bag of papers, trudged off. Soon after dinner the little fellow re? turned, and, producing the money, an? nounced that he bad come to pay his note. "Well," said the lawyer, "this is the first time I ever knew a note to be taken up the day it was given. A boy that will do that is entitled to note and money, too;" and, giving him both, sent him on his way with a smiling face and a happy heart. ? For nineteen years a timid, foolish wife waited in agony for death to divorce her from a drunken, brutal husband. ? It is pleasant to shake hands with a girl whose fingers are covered with dia? monds, for you feel that you have a for? tune within your grasp. TERRIBLE HOLOCAUST. Details of a Fearful Conflagration. St. Louis, April 11. The Southern Hotel was burned at 2 o'clock this morning. Appalling loss of life, which was at first supposed to be 200, but is now reduced to 60. Many were killed in jumping from the third, fourth and fifth story windows. Kate Claxton, the actress, who so narrowly escaped from the Brooklyn horror, broke both legs jumping from the third story. The fire originated in the upper stories. The wicdows in the upper stories were crowded with shrieking men and women, whom it seemed impossible to save. A few were rescued by ladders placed on the Fourth street portico, but on the other three sides of the building, bounded by Fifth, Walnut and Elm streets, the longest ladders fell far short of reaching the windows. Mr. Peter Blow, son of the former Minister to Brazil, was sleeping in his room on the sixth floor, and succeeded, after strenu? ous exertions, in escaping with his life and r broken arm. The building was six stories in height, and Mr. Blow thinks that the majority of inmates of the two upper stories of the building must have perished. Two men unrecognized were killed by jumping from the third story windows, and a third one was badly mangled. Five women were rescued from the sixth story on the Fourth street Bide by the heroic efforts of firemen, who, after ascending the patent ladders, suc? ceeded in getting a rope to the half suf? focated creatures. The fire originated in the store rooms. It is supposed from forty to fifty were burned to death directly, or first suffoca? ted. The fire originated . in the store room in the basement. It first came through 'he ground floor, north of the office, had ascended the elevators and rotunda and spread over the sixth story, occupied by employees, mostly women. The smoke was so dense in some of the halls that the gas jets were extinguished, which rendered egrees. even to those most familiar with the building, a mat? ter of great difficulty. The density of the smoke in the halls drove many guests and boarders back in their rooms, and they rushed to windows as a meana of escape. Ladders were raised as soon as possible, and the women and chil? dren, with nothing but their night clothes on, were uns taken from the burning building. Some fainted from fright, and others sank exhausted to the ground from nervous prostration. The ladders generally were too short to reach to the fifth and sixth stories, but by hoisting some of them on the one-story balcony on the east side and the two story balcony on the north side of the building, these floors were reached, and all those at the windows were rescued. The Skinner fire escape was also brought promptly into service, and was the means of saving many lives. While work was going on, some frightful scenes occurred. One man, who had been oc? cupying a window on Walnut street, in front of the hotel, becoming desperate at seeing the delay in effecting his es? cape, with nervous hands he tore sheets from his bed into strips, tied them to? gether, fastenin? this improvised rope to the windo- sill, and disregarding the fact that it did not reach more than twenty feet, he let himself down hand over hand. Those below, who saw his position, turned away their faces to avoid witnessing the sickening event that was inevitable. Finally he reached the end of the rope, and then, for the first time, he seemed to realize his position. He stopped, threw his head back, revealing a ghastly face, and swung slowly to and fro, swayed by the breeze which the roaring flames above created. His limbs Bwung around convulsively, as though to catch upon something; then he let go, and groans went up from hundreds as he whirled round and round and finally struck on the stone flagging with a sick? ening thud. He was carried to a saloon across the street and died in a few min? utes. Two other men jumped from the fourth story window?one of whom seemed not to be dangerously hurt. Later.?Tfee fire engines are still play? ing on the fire. A force has been organ? ized to search for the dead bodies, and several bodies have already been taken from the ruins in a more or less burned condition, but have not yet been identi? fied. Also, several dead bodies are at the morgue awaiting identification. Mrs. Moran, a servant, was killed while jump? ing from a ,/indow. George Frank Gouldy, Grand Secretary of the Grand Lodge of Fre*- Masons of Missouri, is supposed to h. ve perished. Six persons, whose names are unknown, were killed, either by jumping from the windows or were suffocated by smoke, and dragged out of the burning building. It is diffi? cult to procure the names of the dead, but is hoped it complete, or nearly com ?lete, list will be obtained this afternoon, idmore Hayden, superintendent of the American Express stables, is among the killed; also Henry Hazen, deputy audit? or of the Missouri Pacific Railroad Com? pany. An Englishman named Adams, said to beacomn'ssioner of education, was identified at the morgue. A woman at a fifth story window on Fifth street front became panic stricken, jumped out, alighted on ber feet, was carried to St. James Hotel, and is still alive. Her hutband, who had been standing by her aide, then descended by a rope made of bedding. A man named J. E. Wilson jumped from a fourth story window and was killed. Andrew Ena man and Mrs. Scott met their deaths the same way. The mortality among the female help' of the hotel was great. There were 200 of them, all of whom were lodged in the upper story of tbe building. The panic among them was perfectly terrible. A number jumped from the upper window on Elm street, on the rear side of the house. Elate Clax ton, the actress, had another escape, but was uninjured. Among the known saved was H. Kretz, of Texas. Dr. Gorlaet, the German Consul, jumped from a win? dow and broke a leg. His wife was un? hurt. Charles Tern an lost his life while attempting to save others. Philip Ger? ald, a boarder at the hotel, was brought out alive, but entirely bereft of reason. At a quarter-past 2, or about half an hour after the fire was discovered, the entire roof was ablaze, and the flames were rap? idly descending to the lower stories. A half hour later the floors and interior walls began to fall. The roof fell in. There is now nothing left of one of the finest hotels in the country, except the Walnut street front and parts of Fourth and Fifth street faces. Loss on the building and contents from $75,000 to $100,000; insurance unknown. ? Copy was out. The devil picked up | a paper and said: "Here's something 'About a woman'?must I cut it out?" "No I" thundered the editor, "the first disturbance in the world was occasioned by the devil fooling about a woman." ? A little boy of our acquaintance who had just learned that the names John and Jack were used interchangeably, took occasion, not unnaturally, to call his sister's attention to a picture of "Jack the Baptist." THRILLING INCIDENTS. Experience of Judge Mackey in South Carolina. Washington Capital. H?n. T. J. Mackey, Republican Judge of the sixth or Chester Circuit Court of South Carolina, at present in Washington as the legal adviser or representative of General Hampton, is a gentleman who in London for example, would become in one season the autocrat of the English dinner table. He was described to me by General Calvert Butler, Senator elect, as the most wonderful conversationalist in the State, and acquaintance not only affirms but enlarges Butler's description. In course of a recent conversation, Judge Mackey related the following incident, as having come under his judicial observa? tion in his administration of justice, which, owing to the peculiar condition of society in his circuit, is partly statuto? ry and partly patriarchal in its nature. The Judge said that some two or three years ago, while holding court at Winns boro, he noticed a girl of wonderful beauty at the country tavern where he Eut up, and, upon inquiry concerning er, learned that she belonged to a fami? ly living there, related to the tavern keeper and of the class usually termed iu South Carolina "poor whites." He learned that she was soon to be married to a young man of her own class, and he took so much interest in her fortunes that he sent her a wedding present. About six months afterward the Judge was journeying by rail from one court to another in his circuit, and met this girl on the cars. She was dressed in deep mourning and seemed in great affliction. The Judge approached her and in? quired what had happened. She said she was going back to her husband's birthplace to bury him, and that the corpse was in the baggage-car. In reply to a remark that the death seemed to have been very sudden, the girl began to cry and told the Judge that she had killed her husband by accident. She said they had lived quite happily together for about four months, when she discovered that he was surreptitiously visiting and corresponding with a young woman who lived several miles away. She had as? certained these facts by intercepting some of the correspondence. As soon as the husband found out that his amour had come to the knowledge of his wife he re? solved to murder her. So one morning he ordered his breakfast early, announc? ing his intention to drive to a town sev? eral miles distant from York, where they lived. Just as they were sitting down to breakfast he sent his wife for some bread, and in her absence emptied into her cof? fee arsenic enough to kill half a dozen people. But as she was returning to the table his horses, which were hitched at the door, became restive and began to pull at their halters. He rushed from the table and went out to attend to them. While he was gone the wife noticed some coffee grounds or other impurities floating in her husband's cup; and, woman-like, took it herself, setting her own cup, which was clear, by his plate. He then came in and ate his breakfast. As he arose from the table and began to put on his overcoat, he was seized with a cramp in the stomach, succeeded by violent pains, dizziness and other prostration. The wife, alarmed, assisted him to the lounge, and sent a negro boy for the doctor, wno lived a few doors away. The doctor came in a few minutes and pronounced it a case of poisoning as soon as he saw the symptoms. After a few moments of ex? amination of the patient, the doctor said the case was hopeless, owing to the cor? rosion of the walls of the stomach, which had already taken place; that he could allay the pain while the sufferer lived, but that was all. Upon the ministration of the anodyne the patient recovered his speech, and lived several minutes iu a conscious state, during which he made a confession, and called the doctor and other neighbors who had come in to wit? ness the facts as above stated. A post morteni was held and a verdict rendered by the coroner's jury in accordance with the confession of the dying man and the testimony of the physician and other witnesses. The facts are of judicial re? cord in Judge Mackey's court. If they had been put iu the form of a plot in a romance, critics would have declared them too incredible to be made the basis of a fiction professing to represent the possibilities of poetic justice in real life. Another incident was even more re? markable. One morning, said the Judge, as I was opening court, Col. Ingraham, a planter whom I had known for many years, stepped up to the bar, accompa? nied by nis nephew, a boy of thirteen. This boy was the son of Major Crawford of the Confederate army, who fell at Gettysburg. He was a pale, slender little fellow, quite effeminate and unusually bashful. Indeed, said the Judge, he ac? ted more like a girl than a boy. Colonel Ingraham addressed the court and said : "I am here for the purpose of surrender? ing this boy into the custody of the offi? cers of the law. He shot and killed his step-father last night." The Judge then proceeded to state the circumstances as follows: Some time after the close of the war, Mrs. Crawford, the boy's mother, married for her second hus? band a man named Legge. She had a daughter two or three years older than the boy who was before the court. They lived pleasantly enough on the planta? tion owned by Mrs. Crawford until the girl become about fourteen, when Legge effected her ruin. After the intimacy had continued some time, Mrs. Legge discovered that her husband had seduced her daughter, but, to prevent scandal, the affair was hushed up on condition that Legge should leave the State and never return. He left, and after he had been gone some time Judge Mackey granted a divorce upon petition of the lady, who resumed her widowed name of Crawford. About a year and a half after these events, Legge returned suddenly and presented himself at Mrs. Crawford's residence j ust after dark. The house stood at some distance from any other dwelling, and on the occasion of Legge's return Mrs. Crawford had no one with her except this boy, the unfortunate girl and an old negress. Legge entered the house, and said he had come to get the girl and take her away with him. He displayed a revolver, and commanded the negro servant to pack up the girl's trunk I immediately, as he intended to take her away with him that night, he having brought a carriage for that purpose. Legge paid no attention to the boy, who, while his mother was expostulating with the wretch, quietly went into his mother's room. On a shelf in an old secretary in that room were several me? mentoes of Major Crawford. Among them was his old revolver, which had been preserved ju3t as it was unbuckled from the body of the dead officer upon the field where he fell. Three barrels had been discharged at Gettysburg, and the other three remained loaded with the same charges and capped with the same caps that had been put there by Crawford before he went into battle. In this con? dition the revolver had lain thirteen years, and now it was in the hands of the dead soldier's son?who, I believe Judge Mackey said, had been born after Craw? ford left his home for the last time?to avenge the wrong that had been done to his little girl. The boy crept out of his mother's room, and, as soon as he saw Legge, shot him through the head, kill? ing him instantly. Judge Mackey heard the boy's state? ment and then said: "My child, the jail at Chester is very strong. The walls are thick, the doors are of solid iron and the windows are strongly grated. It has se? curely held many bad and dangerous men. It has defied many attempts to escape from within and some efforts at rescue from without. It is said to be the strongest county jail in South Carolina. But it is not strong enough to hold you. I would not dare to risk its walla to re? strain you from your liberty. You may go back to your mother, who needs your protection. You will be indicted by the grand jury, and when your trial occurs I will let you know, because it is necessary that a prisoner on trial for homicide should be present during his trial 1" The Judge then directed the district attorney to present the indictment in the usual form upon information, and the day was set for trial. The boy appeared, accompanied by Col. Ingraham and his mother. After the usual formalities of arraignment, the Judge said to the boy; "Please write npon a piece of paper the. words 'not guilty.'" The boy aid as di? rected, and the piece of paper was handed to the Judge. The district attorney then asked the mother of the boy a few ques? tions relative to the circumstances of the shooting, and announced that the case on the part of the State was closed. The revolver which had done the work was then produced by Col. Ingraham, and said it had not been reloaded in thirteen years. The trial thus consumed, perhaps, half an hour, when Judge Mackey rose to charge the jury. This charge was an ar? gument in behalf of the boy, the force and pathos of which could not be imag? ined by any one who has never heard the Judge speak. At its conclusion he handed to the foreman of the jury the piece of paper on which the boy had written the words "not guilty," and said, "you will now render a verdict in accord? ance herewith." The jury, without leaving their Beats, returned a verdict "in accordance there? with." Such iB the semi-statutory, semi Jatriarchal dispensation of justice by udge Mackey in the "Mountain Circuit of South Carolina." A Gigantic Model Dairy* The London Court Circular says: The food supply- of metropolis has long en? gaged a large share of the public atten? tion, and upon the purity of articles sup Elied depends in a great measure the ealth and happiness of its inhabitants. Some ten years since the design was in? troduced of supplying the dwellers in this great city with milk and other dairy produce, which for general excellence could not be surpassed. Like most good works these laudable efforts were at first in a great measure abortive; but by dint of perseverance and good management the Aylesbury dairy company has as? sumed an importance far exceeding even the most sanguine expectations of its originators, and may fairly be designated one of the most useful and prosperous corporations now in operation. To give some idea of the gigantic nature of the business so successfully developed by this company we may state that they daily supply 5,000 families with milk, which is guaranteed, so far as human care and judgment can insure it, to be not only of the purest description, but obtained from perfectly healthy sources. Upward of 25,000 gallons of milk are dealt with every week, being the produce of nearly fifty farms in some of the best of our dairy counties. To carry on this enor? mous trade the company have, in addi? tion to their town premises in St. Peters? burg place, Bayswater, a large factory at Swindon and a dairy at Bourton, where all the surplus milk is converted into cheese. With such admirable sources of supply it is not a matter of surprise that the business has rapidly extended and that so successful a commercial result has been achieved. The Aylesbury dairy company can take into their Swindon factory 3,000 gallons of milk daily, which they hold, as it were, in reserve. In the summer time, when the fashionable world is seeking recreation in garden parties, and other such like delicacies are in request, then the company are in a position to meet any sudden demand. They possess every modern appliance suitable for the dairy, and have the pow? er of setting 1,500 gallons of milk in 800 square feet of milk pans?the product from which in ten hours' time would be a large quantity of cream. The cream is daily sent to London, and after the orders are executed the surplus is made into butter, tbe excellence of which is such that the demand exceeds the sup? ply. The Funeral Baked Meats.?The Allentown Chronicle says: Probably there is no other county in this State, or the United States for that matter, where feasting at funerals prevails to so great an extent as in Lehigh county. The custom prevails also in the counties of Berks and Southampton. When a rich farmer or farmer's wife dies, the breath is scarcely out of the body before prepa? rations for the usual funeral feast begin on a grand scale. Oxen are killed and the fatted calf is brought to the block. Fowls are slaughtered oy the hundred. The ovens and the cooking stoves are kept busy for days, cooking, roasting and baking. Immense supplies of bread, pies and pastry are provided. The neighbors generally do this work unbid? den. On the day of the funeral the feasting commences early in the morning and is kept up to a late hour in the day. Half a dozen tables are kept going, and nearly all the rooms of the house are oc? cupied by the feasters. Everybody who attends is supposed to eat two or three times a day?near neighbors as well as those from a distance. As many as from three hundred to six hundred persons are feasted at one of the grand country fune? rals. The horses of attendants are also put up and fed. Close as our farmers proverbially are it is considered "mean" to stint on solemn occasions like these. In fact the immediate family are not considered at all in the matter. They are the "mourners," and are at the mercy of the volunteer attendants, who take possession of the house and arrange everything to suit themselves?consulting the family, of course, but taking it for granted that their most extravagant sug? gestions will be approved. Now, all this shows a great stretch of hospitality and liberality, but it is high time the custom was abandoned. While a rich family may be able to afford it, one not so rich must find it a very serious and expensive business. The custom, we believe, prevails nowhere except in the German districts of Pennsylvania. ? Man proposes, but woman does as she has a raina to?about it. ? A Connecticut girl has sued a young man for sixty dollars' worth of light and fuel wasted in inconclusive courtship. ? A quack doctor advertises confident? ly : "People never cough after taking one bottle of my cough mixture." A Model Government. Mr. E. M. Smalleyv one of the editors of tlio New York Tribune, writes to that paper from Columbia, under date of the 30th ultimo, as follows: . This morning I took a look at what is left of the rival State governments, now that their chiefs are absent in Washing? ton. First to the State House. At the extremity of the long hall, which runs from the end of the building, I saw what has been for nearly three months the only obstacle to an immediate settlement of the South Carolina question?a few stacks of arms and a blue-coated soldier walking to and fro. This sentinel pacing his beat before the door of the Governor's room, represents the vast power of the United States government exerted to protect Chamberlain and his associates against being ejected from their offices by legal process of the State courts. From their offices, did I say? From their office rooms would be the correct statement, for not one of them exercises any official functions. All executive powers have passed into the hands of the Hampton government by the force of the popular will and of judicial decisions. Leaving the State House and strolling down the broad, sunny, lonesome main street, I was directed to the second floor of a small two-story brick building, for the offices of the Hampton government. On the lower floor was a bank. Mount? ing a narrow wooden staircase, I came to a landing on which two doors fronted. A printed sign of white card-board nailed on the panels of one read, "Lieu? tenant Governor, Comptroller General, Attorney General;" and on the other a like inexpensive tablet had this inscrip? tion, at once instructive and hospitable to all who might be seeking the head of the State, "Governor?Walk in." This door led into a sort of ante-room, furn? ished with a few fifty cent chairs and a rude table on which stood a bucket of water and a tin dipper. Beyond was a smaller room with a table at which a clerk was writing, a store counter sup? porting a case of pigeon holes, and a dilapidated plush-lined sofa, suggestive I of a boarding-house auction. StUTfarth er on was a smaller room, scarce six by I nine in size, where the Governor works. An unpainted pine table, a desk made by I penitentiary convicts, and four or five chairs were its outfit. Walls arid floors in all these rooms were bare, and they looked like the quarters of some poor country lawyer waiting for a practice. The whole stock of furniture would not fetch $25 at auction. In the adjoining office, occupied jointly by the three officials whose titles were on the sign, a like Spartan simplicity reigned. To save money until he should be fully established, Go v. Hampton has only com missioned such of the officials as he can? not get along without, and he is running the government with the utmost economy. The Comptroller General, Mr. Hagood, told me that the whole State government only employs one clerk, who served the different officers by turn. "When we get I behind with our books we go out and recruit some volunteers to help us," he added. A gentleman who was writing at a table on the other side of the room said that he had been drafted into service to fix up the returns of the insurance com? panies. "Here," said Mr. Hagood, point? ing to the pigeon-holes of the cheap desk at which he sat, "is the whole Comptroller General's office." To show that the bus? iness of the office was actually carried on by him, and not by his rival in the three luxuriously furnished rooms in the State House, he showed his accounts of money received and paid out, including the re? ceipts of the superintendents of the State charitable and penal institutions. The Hampton Legislature, not having a quorum in the Senate, passed no tax bill, but adopted a resolution requesting the people to pay such person as the Governor might appoint, a sum equal to one-fourth of their last year's taxes, and promising that such payments should be credited when the regular tax levy was made. Gov. Hampton thought he would not need so much money, and asked, by proclamation, for only ten per cent, of last year's tax. The people responded with almost unanimity. Some did not pay, but they were few in number, and their refusal to comply was compensated for by others paying more than their quota, so that Hampton got in all rather more than one-tenth of the total tax of 1876. Up to the 2nd of this month he obtained, from these voluntary payments, ?120,141. He has now a balance on. hand of nearly $80,000, after paying all demands except county officers' salaries and the school fund. His Legislature cost only ?12,000. Republican Legisla? tures have cost about $200,000 annually. AH the Judges of the State courts, except three, have drawn their salaries from him. The Chamberlain Government has not collected a dollar of taxes. Its Leg? islature passed a tax bill, but injunctions from the courts stopped its enforcement. The officials are, to quote the words of one of them, "living on faith." Cham? berlain's legislators did not have to go awav entirely empty handed, however, for Corbin paid them $200 a piece when they elected him to the Senate. He cashed some sort of warrants to that amount for all the men who voted for him. It is alleged he used money for this purpose which belonged to the State as royalty due from a phosphate mining company of which he is president. An Indian Duel.?A citizen of Sioux City, says the Omaha Herald, who has spent much time among the agencies of the up-river Indians, says it is amusing, as well as touching, to hear an Indian sing his death song. Our informant was at Standing Bocka few months since, and one day he ob? served an unusual stir among the In? dians. Soon two bucks came from differ? ent lodges, each with a gun in his hand. They walked out some little distance from the rest of the Indians and took posts, distant from each other about fifty yards. At a given signal they turned, raised their rifles to their faces, and fired. Both fell, wounded, one fatally. They were immediately surrounded by friends, who made no particular effort to bind their wounds, but simply stood around talking among themselves and gesticula? ting, while the wounded Indians, as soon as they fell, began the death song. There was little music in it. It was a sort of a deep down, unnatural tone of voice, kept up for half a minute or so at a time, when it would cease, and the sufferers would in the interim make a confession of all the evil deeds they had ever done. They would tell of the massacres in which they had been engaged; how many scalps they had lifted from the heads of the white people; the number of ponies they had stolen; together with all sorts of impor? tant and unimportant evil doings in their lifetime. This accomplished, they were ready to give up the ghost. ? Senator Hoar says he can see no connecting link between piety and talk? ing through the nose. ? If you have a friend who loves you, who has studied your interests and hap? piness, be sure to sustain him iu adversi? ty. Let him feel that his former kind? ness is appreciated, and that his love was not thrown away. About China. The population of the empire is 400, 000,000, nearly one-third the population of the entire world. It is an eminently conservative population, using, to-day, as they have used for hundreds of years, the writings of Confucius and Mencius as their school books. Confucius was not a teacher of science or of religion, but of political economy. His books are stud? ied and memorized by the scholars in all parts of the Empire, using everywhere the same printed characters, but pro? nouncing them differently, so that the scholars in one section of the country reading them aloud would not be under? stood by those of another section. This written language is not a spoken lan? guage anywhere except it be in the form of quotations. This difference in pro? nunciation leads to a kind of local clan? nish n ess, somewhat similar to the historic clannishness of the Scotch. Thus it hap? pens that between the Chinese of Foo Chow and those of Canton, for instance, there exists about the same regard as exists between the Chinese people in general and the people of the United States. As to scholarship the average Chinese scholar knows little or nothing of geography, mathematics, natural phi-1 losophy, chemistry or astronomy. He knows no language but his own. Schools abound, but it is doubtful if more than one-fifth the population have what may be called a common school education.? The masses of the people know the writ? ten characters representing the common articles of food and clothing, without be? ing able to read a single page of litera? ture. The art of printing, the manufac? ture of gunpowder and of glass and the use of the compass came from China, but for many hundred years no new inven? tion has appeared. The whole civiliza? tion of the Empire has stood still, and become like a great stagnant pool. The religion of the educated may be described as a blind fatality; of the masses, as a heathen idolatry. "What the Empire needs is to be moved from centre to cir? cumference by contact and friction with the Christian civilization of America and Europe." They have always opposed both emigration and immigration, and living there by themselves they have be? come filled with the conceit that they are superior to all other nations of the earth. The Confucian system of morals is ac? cepted by the whole nation, and is com? paratively pure and elevating, but the mass of the people are untruthful, selfish, and cruel. In business transactions, however, the commercial honor of the Chinese is on a par with that of the na? tions with whom they deal. The mar? riage relation is recognized and honored. Polygamy is allowable, though not gen? erally practiced. A man will sometimes ?marry a second wife because he has no son by his first. Merchants who do bus? iness in different parts of the country usually leave their families in one place and often take a secondary, wife in the place of their temporary residence. The offspring of such alliances are considered legitimate. Marriage is rather a civil contract than a religious rite. No public register is kept; no official certificates of marriage given. The parties pledge each other in small cups of wine, and perform a whole ritual of prostrations before the open heavens, ana also before the family idols. In taking a second wife, forms may be omitted, the woman taking her place in the household as if she were a servant. Divorces are allowable, and one of the seven justifying causes is "a persistent habit of loquacity on the part of the lady." But divorces are not fre? quent and if a man marries poor, and afterwards becomes rich, he may not for any cause put away the wife who shared his years of poverty. It is not considered respectful for a widow to marry again, and if a young girl loses her betrothed before marriage, it is considered highly meritorious for her to remain unmarried all her life. Sometimes a young lady thus bereaved publicly commits suicide in order to remove temptation to mar? riage. In such a case, one of which the author witnessed, cards are sent round to friends as if to a festivity, and all are present to encourage the commission of the virtuous deed. Married women are more faithful than their husbands. Prostitution exists in all parts of the Empire, but especially in the large cities and sea ports. Poor peo? ple often sell their female infants for this purpose. Infanticide of females is also Siargely practiced, none of boys. The practice is openly defended by mothers, on the ground that it is better for a girl to die than to live. The Chinaman's habits of living are very simple. Throughout Central and Southern China, rice is the principal staple of food. In most parts of the Em? pire the men can live on from seven to fifteen cents a day. The price of labor corresponds to the cheapness of living. Fifteen or twenty cents a day is very good pay for a common laborer. Litera? ry men receive from six to ten dollars a month, and board themselves. House servants receive two to four dollars a month and their room and food. Me? chanics and stone-masons receive from twenty to forty cents a day. The curren? cy in all parts of the Empire is brass "cash," a small coin about the size of a twenty-cent piece, quite thin, with a square hole through the middle. These. are strung together in hundreds tied in pairs or links like a log-chain, and sold in packages of four, six, eight hundred or a thousand each. Each single piece is worth about a mill. In large transac? tions, payments are made in sycee?that is, in mass or lumps of silver or by weight, bearing the stamp of the house issuing it. All accounts are squared at the end of the year. If the debtor can? not pay, or make suitable arrangements, he frequently commits suicide. Their personal habits are dirty. They do not use the cold water baths under any circumstances. Their clothing is frequently washed, and the water in which it is washed is not seldom served for drinking purposes. Opium-eating is very prevalent, and is to China what drunkenness is to America. Mr. Gibson holds the prime cause of the general stagnation to be their false religion?-"No people can rise above the plane of the gods they worship." Save the Soapsuds.?However de Elorable washing day may be to the ousehold (and the careful house mis? tress or tidy maid has it in her power to greatly modify its discomforts,) to the garden it is a very bountiful day. Our hungry and thirsty grapevines and flow? ers are glad of every drop of wash water, and will repay every bit of fatigue it may cost us to give them this fertilizer. If the sun is shining hot when we go out to a slight trench not far from the root of the plant, and pour the water into it, and cover again with the top soil. This makes the water go farther, and at the same time does not tempt the rootlets to the surface of the ground. No better liquid can be prepared than the soapsuds from the "woolen tubs" as they are sure to nourish the roses?if any of the liquid rests upon the foliage of the plants, wash it off by syringing smartly?plants always pay for this extra care. dis; favor, it is best for us to dig LEGAL ADVERTISING.?We are compelled to require cash payments for advertising ordered by Executors, Administrators and other fiduciaries, and herewith append the rates for the ordinary notices, which will only be inserted when the money comes with the order: Citations, two insertions, - $3.00 Estate Notices, three insertions, - ? 2.06 Final Settlements, five insertions ? - 3.00 TO CORRESPONDENTS.?In order, to receive attention, communications must be accompanied by the true name and address of the writer. Re? jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless the necessary stamps are furnished to repay the postage thoreon. J63- We are not responsible for the views and opinions of our correspondents. All communications should be addressed to "Ed? itors Intelligoncer," and all checks, drafts, money orders, Ac, should be made payable to the order of HOYT & CO., Anderson, S. C. Twenty Thousand Dollars in Gold Fonnd in a Cave. There is a strange story, yet neverthe? less a true one, to be given you for your readers. In the early history of East Tennessee, about 1794, as near as can be determined, three men by the name of Patterson, all brothers, visited the New Market Valley, with the intention of buying the rich and extensive lands near what is known as Panther Springs. They brought with them a large amount of money, supposed to be from $20,000 to $50,000 in Mexican coin. While looking over the lands they were murdered and their money and other articles of value taken from their person by a hunter, and their bones burnt in a cave near what at that time was known as the "buffalo crossing," now known as the Grindstone Hollow, which place was also the rendez? vous of the murderer; whom it is sup osed, fearing that the Pattersons would e missed from the neighborhood, fled to the western portion of Virginia. There he died and on his death-bed he gave a way bill that his hidden treasures might be found. Some forty years ago, say the older citizens, two men came with the way bill, giving a description of the place, and made every effort to find the money, but to no purpose, and-after sev? eral weeks of hard labor gave up the search. Now for the sequel: During the heavy snow of the past winter a man by the name of John Lam? bert and a man from the vicinity of Panther Springs went hunting and tracked a coon to a small hole by the edge of a rock. Lambert stopped up the hole, and remarked that "he would get the gentleman yet, if he wasn't pretty sharp." He subsequently went back (it is supposed after the snow had melted) and found two rocks over the hole; he moved them and saw below them a vast cavern. He returned home and procured a bed cord, tied the same to a walnut tree and descended into it for some 100 feet, and there found the treasure spread out upon a rock, with an old Mexican saddle blanket spread over it. The blanket had decayed until nothing but the "filling" remained. He also found one saddle and six Mexican stirrups. Lambert made these statements to a friend of his, and showed him a pocket full of money. He was a day laborer, and did not know what it was to have any amount of money. Your correspondent visited the section of country while the people were making excavations where Lambert had filled the cave, and witnessed with his own eyes nearly one-half of a human skeleton taken out, and all other signs made a hundred years ago. Lambert and his familv have departed to some unknown country with the money.? These are facts, as can be proven by any number of the best citizens of Panther Springs.?Morrwtown (Tfenn.) Gazette. Don't Don't judge a man by the clothes he wears, for God made one, the tailor the other. Don't judge a man by the house he lives in for the lizzard and rat sometimes inhabit the grandest of structures. Don't judge him by his speech, for the parrot talks and the tongue is but an in? strument to make sound. Don't judge him by his family connec? tions, for Cain belonged to a very respec? table family. Don't judge him by his success in life, for that is much often er the result of a combination of circumstances with which he had nothing to do, than of his own merit. Don't judge him by his failure in life, for many a man fails because he is too honest to succeed. Don't judge him by the show he makes; an average turkey-cock in a barn-yard can strut all around him and not half try. Don't judge him by the lack of display, for the long eared beast is the humblest of animals, but when aroused is terrible to behold. Don't judge him by his activity in church affairs, for that is not unfrequent ly inspired by hypocritical and selfish motives. Don't take it for granted because he carried the contribution box he is neces? sarily liberal. He often pays the Lord by services in that way and keeps his currency. Don't imagine the Creator-is'under any .obligation to you for the quarter you give to convert the heathen, that is only a small fraction you owe for turniug yonr own ancestors away from their wooden gods. Don't imagine heaven was especially created for the probabilities are you be? lieve just as you were taught to and you don't know whether they who taught you were right or not Don't carry your hymn book in your hand when you go to the house of wor? ship and your ledger in your head. The Lord can see through your skull. Don't, when in church, chew tobacco and spit over the floor. You would not do that in yonr own house you ought to respect even more. Don't walk into the house of worship with your hat on. You bare your head when you enter a lady's parlor. Is your lady friend entitled to more respect than your Creator. Don't spend the time devoted to prayer to idiotically gazing about whispering or note writing; they are silly ana rude if not sinful. Don't think when ycu have gone to church on Sunday that entitles you to do as you please the balance of the week. The upright man lives through the six as he does the seventh day. Good Advice to Boys.?The boy who spends an hour of each evening loung? ing idly on the street corners, wastes in the course of a year 365 precious hours, which if applied to study, would famil? iarize him with the rudiments of almost any of the familiar sciences. If, in addi? tion to wasting an hour each evening, he spends tea cents for a cigar, which is usually the case, the amount thus worse than wasted would 'pay for ten of the leading periodicals of the country. Boys, think of these things. Think of how much time and money you are wasting, and for what? The gratification afforded by the lounge on the corner or the cigar is not only temporary bnt positively hurt? ful. You cannot indulge in them with? out seriously injuring yourselves. You acquire idle and wasteful habits, which will cling to you with each succeeding year. You may in after life shake them off. but the probabilities are that the habits thus formed in early life will re? main ?with you to your dying day. Be warned, then, in time, and resolve that as the hour spent'in idleness is gone for? ever you will improve each passing one, and thereby fit yourselves for usefulness and happiness. ? It is not right, but the man with the least mind has the greatest trouble in making it up. The rumor seems well founded that a number of prominent citizens of Balti? more have resolved to erect a monument to the memory of the late Dr. J. W. Bull, discoverer of that wonderful remedy, Dr. Bull's Cough Syrup.