Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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QwAweim ?tttjifligtwer. JAM. 4,. HOYT; I E? B. 1HUKBAY, ) THURSDAY MOR????T FEB. 8, 1877. II bas bet ti uinie? to us that tuc effect of Judge Carpcuter'fl dec'sion would operate against the collection of the ten per cent, contribution on account of tares. So far as we know, this effect lias not been pirvlucd in any quarter, but it may bc wei! to state that the decision of Judge Carpeuter plainly recognizes the House oi Representatives presided over by Speaker Wallace as the only lawful organization ofthat kind in the Sta|f, in which he sustains the decision of thc Su preme Court, as in duty bound. Tho House of Representatives is the origina tor of all tax measures, and it is not at all likely that the Wallace House will even stultify itself by repudiating4be tux receipt? issued under tts authority. Tue payment of ten per tent, was autuorized by the lawful House ol Representatives, aud wc cannot understand that any solu tion of the question as to who is Gov ernor could be made to effect the validity of the tax receipts issued under resolu tions adopted by the House. A MODEL RETCRMNU BOARD. Of all the accomplinhed official mis creants for whom our natiof? has been made to blush during the latter portion of its first century, none have become so famous as the Louisiana Returning Board. The very mention of the name has for years beeu suggestive of rascality, aud is a well-known and generally accep ted synonym for official fraud and corrup tion, but recent developments are of such an astounding nature as to distance every dishonest nchievinent of these men in former elections, and hold up to thc present and future ages the late canvass of thc vote of Louisiana as the most in famous record that has ever been n.nJo by any set of officials. It would be vain to senrch the annals of crime for a par allel to the reckless outrages perpetrated by this Board, if there is the lea n confi dence to be placed in the revelations be fore- thc li ouse Louisiana Investigating Committee. Fraud, forgery, perjury, bribery and corruption characterize the whole proceeding. J. F. Littlefield, one of the clerks of this Board, was before thc Committee, and, nfter being imprison ed for a short term for contempt in not answering the questions of the Commit tee, at Inst acknowledged to hnving changed, the figures of Vernon Parish, and, to show the truth of his statement, produced tho originnl return. This alteration was mnde. he snys, under the direction of J. Madison Wells, Chairman of the Board. Other change., were also mode and the originals were destroyed. The reason assigned for changing the vote of Vernon Pnrish wns to elect a Re publican anti friend of Wells District At torney. Another witness named Joseph H. Maddox, an Internal Revenue Offi cer, swore that Wells lind authorized him to sell out thc vote of Louisiana to cither party for one million dollars. That he said to throw out eight or ten thousand Democratic votes to elect the R?publi cains was a heavy job, nod that the Board ought to he paid for it. Maddox accord ingly approached Zach. Chandler and Cameron with the proposition, but they refused it. He then, through a man named Pickett, a Democratic layer in Washington, had Mr. Hewitt, the Chair man of the Democratic Executive Com mittee, approached with the same propo sition, but he positively refused to have anything to do with the matter. Mad dox then came down to the least figure he said for which thcState would be given to the Democrats. It was the modest amount of five hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Hewitt still declined anything to do with the matter, and there it ended. Tho Republicans pretend to disbelieve thc testimony of Littlefield, Pickett and Maddox, but unfortunately for them Lit tlefield had the original return from Ver non Parish and it substantiates his state ments, aud Maddox had the following letters, which go to prove the truth of his testimony : NEW ORLEANS, November 20, 187G. J. H. MADDOX-Dear Sir: Under standing thc political condition of matters here from association with both political parties, and a Irieud of the President U' . n trnvernui?nt officer, would it not bc cou siiTercd a part of your-to go at once to Washington with as little delny ns possible, and place before the President the condition and tho pending danger?ti. the situation? Should you conclude upon prompt action in the premises allow mc to commend you to Senator West, who is my friend, and with whom you will freely communicate. Yours, truly, .>. MADISON WELLS. NEW ORLEANS, November 21. .t/y Dmr Senator: 1 regret much not seeing you when here. I wanted to say much ts) you, nrhi?b it would be at least imprudent to put on naper. I trust, however, to meet you in Washington as main as the can vass is over, which is now upon u*. Our duties as returning officers have aug mented thc magnitude of the destiny of the two parties-may I not say the na tion? I fully comprehend the situation, as well as my duly to the greatest living General, U. S. Grant; and not with my consent shall this unproved people be governed by his paroled prisoners, aided by the white-livered cowards of the North. Let nie, my esteemed sir, warn you of the danger. Millions have been sent herc r.r.;i ye used lu lue interest oi Tilden, and unless some counter move ment is made, it will be impossible for me, or any other individual, to' arrest its productive results. The gentleman pre senting this letter is fully aware of tho moven, and if you allow, will communi cate freely. See our friends and net promptly, or tho result will bo disastrous. A hiut to the wiso. Strictly private and confidential. Yours, very truly, (Signed) J. MADISON WELLS. i*. JV. ir MI, ?? UsiUliglOII, li. ?J. Of course Wells and tho other mem bers of this board all deny these allega tions, but the support given thc sworn statements of Littlefield and Maddox by the written documents is too strong to bc circumvented by tho word of Wells or other members of thc board. Tiie coun try lins at last awakened to the true con dition of affaira in Louisiana, and we have no donbt the result of tlicso discov eries will materially strengthen thc Dem ocratic cause. - Capt. Wado II. Manning baa boen appointed Private Secretary to Governor Hamplou. He is a son of Ex-GoV. Mnn "ADMINISTRATION OF ABRAHAM LIXCOLK.? The February uuniber of The Galaxy contains an interesting paper with tbs _i".." -,_?:..- 4...? .t.- -~- ..e rr - nOOVQ <.U|HIIIU m/m HIV ??vu ??. uviii Gideon Welles, who was Secretary of the Navy under President Lincoln, giving an account of the struggle in Congress relative to the slavery question in 18G1, and the events subs?quent to that period foreshadowing the reconstruction of the seceding States. The views of Mr. Lin coln are clearly nnd succinctly stated on both questions, and doubtless the narra tive is fuithful and accurate. Inciden tally, the character and political career of Thaddeus Stevens arc touched upon in this article. These topics before a South ern audience arc intensely interesting, and the light thrown upon them by so competent u writer ?is Mr. Wclies, who was an active participant in the stirring events of that stormy period, reveals much that is striking and piquant to un ex Confederate, who was deprived the privilege and denied thc pleasure of pe rusing thc newspapers ol'that time, owing to au inconvenient blockade and other insurmountable barriers to frequent com munication with our Northern brethren. The administration of Mr. Lincoln was without any definite policy when Con gress convened in December, 1801, and conflicting views in regard to thc slavery question in all its aspects prevailed. The Democrats insisted that fugitive slaves should be returned to their masters, as in time ol' peace, and a portion of the He publicans coincided with thin view. Others insisted that only the slaves of loyal owners were to be returned, and still others contended that there was to bc no rendition of servants, even in loyal or border States, where the owners had forfeited protection by resisting laws and setting at defiance thc authorities. Thc treatment of captured rebels and thc confiscation of their property were agita ted questions, and the status of seceding States when the rebellion should be sup pressed were nlso beginning to be contro verted points. These questions were to bc dealt with in such a manner as not to alienate friends or r?ivo unnecessary of fence, while maintaining the authority of the government and the preservation of thc Union. Congress caine together fired with indignation und revenge, and great ly exasperated towards the rebels for maintaining an armed defiance against the government, and a large portion of the members were dissatisfied with the administration of Mr. Lincoln for delays and procrastinations in prosecuting the war. Dem?crata complained that the President transcended his rightful au thority, while the extreme Republicans asserted that he was not sufficiently ag gressive. Senator Sumner, after mouths were devoted to crude nnd impracticable schemes, submitted his project for over throwing the governments of seceding States and reducing them to a territorial condition, r.nd including with this sub version the abolition of slavery. It was tho enunciation of a policy that was in conflict with the Constitution, and would change the character of the government, hut which he intended to force upon the administration. President Lincoln was excessively an noyed at the extreme, unconstitutional and revolutionary theories of the Massa chusetts Senator, and felt that it was pre cipitating issues on delicate and impor tant subjects ut a critical period-issues involving the structure of the govern ment und the stability of its system. He could not afford to have a controversy with Sumner, however, ami so managed ns to cheek violent und aggressive de mands by interposing delay and non action. In the meantime, the subjects of slavery, reconstruction and confiscation were being vehemently discussed in Con gress, On the subject of confiscation, the Republicans entertained widely dif ferent opinions. Thad. Stevens, who was a born revolutionist, went for the imme diate and unsparing confiscation of prop erty by act of Congress without awaiting judicial proceedings. He and his follow ers wanted the rebels ?reste'! ea foreign ers; thc States in insurrection to bo re duced to thc condition nf provinces; the people to he subjugated and their proper ty taken to defray the expenses of thc war. Mr. Sumner was in favor of ex treme measures, and urged that Congress should embrace "the opportunity which 'tod in his beneficence hud offered" to extinguish by arbitrary enactment thc institution of slavery, und destroy ah claim to reserved sovereignty in the Stales. Milder men were opposed to any illegal and unjustifiable enactment, und it came to bc understood that the President would place his veto upon any extreme and unconstitutional measures. This information, with tho certainty thai his veto would be sustained, checked the extremists for the timo being, who were disposed to .. lime that Congress might exercise not only legislative, but judicial and executive powers. Tho mea ,ure pro posed to confiscate property und condemn rebels without trial and conviction, but Mr. Lincoln explicitly made known thal "r gulur trials in duly constituted courts," were to bc observed, uud the rights of the executive and judicial depnrtmcuts sepa rately maintained. His determination was unifoti?!y expressed to regard indi vidual rights, aud not to impose penalty or inflict punishment for ulteged crimes, whether tea-am or felony, until after trial und conviction. Thc legal nnd perplexing difficulties of the slavery ouestion, which was the al leged cause of secession and war, preven ted thc enforcement of any decisivo poli cv. Slavery was recognised by the con stitution and thc laws, and the surrender and rendition of fugitives from service to their owners was commanded. Rut a majority of the slave-owners were in open insurrection, although m^ny citi zens in tho South were deemed loyal, and what policy could tho administration adopt in regard to these two classes of citizens of tho same State? Five or six bonier States did not secede, thc majority of whose citizens were supporters of Ute Union, while a strong minority were actual rebels. The fugitive slave law was enforced for a time in tho border 8tates. This led to infinite trouble and disagreement among the several factious I of the Republicans-tho radical portion declaring that the laws wcro inoperative in regard to slavery. Vet no person seemed capable of devising a constitu tional, practical plan for the emancipa tion of the slavca. Senator Sumner pro posed a set of revolutionary resolutions, declaring Hint it ir) thc 'utv of Congres? "to see that everywhere in tins extensive (secession) territory'slavery ?hall cease to exbt practicnally. nm \t {.?? already coated to exist constitutionally and mor ally " The growing sentiment in the North favorable lo abolition atided to lite difficulties of ?lie administration, yet the President was not prepared to ucl upon or admit the rightful authority of the national government to abolish or inter fere with au institution that belonged exclusively to the .States, though entreat ed and urged thereto by sincere party friends. On thc 6th of .March, 18(52, he sent a menage to Congress proposing a plan of voluntary unc? compensated emancipation, in which he suggested that "thc United States ought to co operate with any Slate which may adopt gradual nbolishn.. .it of slavery, giving to each State pecuniary aid," &c. The policy of voluntary emancipation, how ever, was destined to bccoin? a failure, as the border States through their rep resentatives in Congress would not take tho initiative, although in a better posi tion to test its value than any other sec tion, becoming convinced that this plan would not succeed, President Lincoln determined to proclaim freedom to all slaves in th? Southern States, if the wai continued to be prosecuted after a certain date. This bold and revolutionary meas ure could not be justified on any athel ground than as a military necessity, bm it was welcomed hy a vast majority o people in the free States, ?-ven though i was unexpected and startling in its char acter. The extreme anti-slavery am pro-slavery men seized the occasion t< create distrust and alarm, and the re.suI of the election in the autumn of 1801 was adverse to the administration. Tin President persevered, however, in tIii belief that this step was justifiable am necessary, and consummated Iiis pur pos by a final proclamation on the 1st <j January, 18G??. On the subject of reconstruction, Pre* ?dent Lincoln di floret I widely and nbsii lutely from the revolutionary views au schemes of Senator Sumner, who wa the recognized leader ol the extremist! Resolutions introduced hy Mr. Dix? were diametrically opposed to tho prin ci pies mu? project of the Mnssachusetl Senator, ami it was directly known tin the President coincided with the Cor licet ?cut Senator in tiie opinion that a the acts and ordinances of secession wet mere nullities, and should he so treated that while such acts might subject iW vitlnalsla penalties and forfeiture-., the did not in any degree effect the Slate* i commonwealths, and their relations i the Federal government ; that such ac were rebellious, insurrectionary and ho tile on the part of the persona engaged i them, but that tin- Staie*, nntwithstatH ing the nets anti conspiracies of indi vii mils, were still members of the Peden Union, and that the loyal citizens i these States had forfeited none ot the rights, but were entitled to all thc prote tiou and privileges guaran teed hy tl Constitution. The theory and principl set forth in Senator Dixon's resolutioi were the opinions and convictions of tl President, deliberately formed and co sistently maintained while he lived, a cording to Mr. Welles. In bis view the was no actual secession, no tlismcmberii of the Union, no change in the Constit timi and the government ; the rclnti position of th'e States ami the Peder government were unchanged; the c ganic, fundamental laws of neither we Altered by the sectional conspiracy; tl entire people of the two sections we American citizens; each pei.son was t spnnsiblc for his own acts anti amenai Lo law; and he was also entitled to t protection of the law, and the rights ni privileges secured by thc Constitute Thu confiscation and ?mancip?t i schemes concerning which there was much excitement and anxiety in Co ,;re*s were secondary in importance :be ull-absorbing question as to preset ing the Union. The tact that the administration h; ost ground among the people in con: pieneo of its emancipation policy sen ior a time to promote unity of feeli inning thc members when Congress ce kened in December, 1802. The sho iccasioned by the measure when ti tunounced had dore its work. T timid, who hud doubted the necessity a legality of the act, and feared its com juefice*, recovered their equipoise, ant re-action followed which strengthen ibo President in public confidence. T radical extremists, However, especia the advocates of Congressional su pren cy, begun in the course of the winter re-assert their own peculiar idean a their intention of enforcing a more t Irenic policy. Thaddeus Stevens e braced an early opportunity to dech his ultra views, which were radically a totally antagonistic to those of thc Prc dent, yet he made no open, hostile < oionathttion toward Mr. Lincoln pen? ally. His craftiness and cunning a politician and a party tactician tun him belter, and his opposition was st rioted mai ni j to contemptuous cxpi lions in private conversation ngainst executive policy and general manu ment of affairs, which was .sneered a weak and inefficient. His personal tercourso with members, coupled v bis talents and eloquenco on the fl gave iiiiu ill?ueuce on ordinary uccoait yet his revolutionary ideas caused calm and considerate to distrust hts o ions and disclaim his leadership, disciples and adherents became n partisan and numerous nt a later per when thc affable Lincoln had given p to thc impetuous Johnson, and the op tunity was furnished for a greater dis] of his intolerant opinions. We cannot devoto space enough week io develop fully thc ideas sougl be impressed by this instructive and tertaining article from thc Ex-Secrc of the Navy. What we have air given ls in thc language of Mr. W almost exclusively, although greatly tailed of ita fair proportions u? an r rato resumo of important events, delineation of Thad. Stevens' char aud antecedents, together with his duct towards Mr. Lincoln, make a tcresting feature of this racy sk which wo regret is t'?o much bey ont usual length for re-production in col um ni. - Col. Thomas Taylor, of Cohn ha? received the appointment of Insp of Phosphates from Gov, Hampton. THE ELECTORAL COXai?SIO?. Tbc joint convention of thc Senate and House of Representative* met cn Thurs day last, under the provisions of the electoral law recently enacted by Con gress. The count of the electoral vote proceeded without auy i mimic or inter ruption through the States of Alabama, Arkansas, California, Colorado, Connec ticut and Delaware, and when thc vote of Florida was reached, objection was made by the Democrats against thc count for Hayes and Wheeler, which ob jection was submitted in writing by David Dudly Field, of New'York. In accordance with the provisions of the Electoral bill, the duplicate returns and the objections, together with other pa pers, were referred to the Electoral Com mission, which met in the afternoon and proceeded ut once to discharge thc duty imposed upon them to hear and deter mine all matters in dispute relating to the vote for President and Vice President. Roth parties are represented before thc commission by uble lawyers-the Demo crats by Judge Jeremiah H. itlack, Chas. O'Conor, Matt. Carpenter and Kx-Sena? tor Trumbull, and the Republicans by Wm. M. EvarLs, E. W. Stoughton, und other". The commission hus been close ly engaged upon the Florida vote since Thursday, and it is thought that a con cludion will be reached to-day. It is useless to conjecture ns to thc probable action of thc commission, or to speculate upon the consequences of their decision. The weighty issue will be settled within a few days, and wc have the utmost con fident-.- in the certainty of triumph for Mr. Tilden, who has justice, right and law in his favor. J I'DUE MACKEY'S DECISION. The points of Judge Mickey's recent decision that (len. Hampton is the Inwful Governor of South Carolina ure given in another column. The decision was filed on Saturday lust, and has appeared in full in the Columbia Register. The issue is squarely joined, and this important question must be speedily settled by the Supreme Court. Every interest of tho State is dependent in som?? mensure upon the decision as to who is the rightful Governor, und its pressing importance will not admit much longer delny. The voters decided in favor of Wade Hump ton, and every Circuit Court has cither recognized him as the Governor elect or affirmed the choice of the people, where the issue has been made. Even Judge Carpenter's decision ?loes not deny that Hampton was legally elected, but goes oil*upon the idea thut he wits not proper ly installed into ellice. The contumacy of the Senate in refusing to recognize thc legal House of Representatives afforded an opportun!'y for Judge Curpenter to get astrid? this question, und his entire decision rests upon the failure to give the usual notification to thc Senate, when it is a notorious fact thut the Republican Scuators were exercising un urbitrury force in preventing the delivery of a mes sage of any kind from thc Wallace House of Representatives. JIMMIE COOKE'S CHARGE TO THE ORAN? JURY. Gentlemen of the Grand Jury : Among the various duties of the Jury in their grand inquest of tho County is to visit nil the offices in the Court House, iiiul to see thut thc various offices ol' tb'j County ure faithfully discharging their respective duties. You should visit each of the officers and make u true report of their condition to the Court. i desire particularly to call your atten tion to the Jury Coin missioners, with the hope that you will strictly inquire into the manner in which they have been heretofore discharging their duty. There are three Com missioners-thc Auditor ami Chairman of the Roan! of County Commissioners ure r.r officio .Tiny Com missioners, and act with thc Commis sioner appointed hy the Governor. Sometimes the Jury Commissioner as sumes the whole responsibility. This ie not right, us the others ure equally re sponsible. The name of no mun should be put on the list fruin which Jurors ure drawn unless he is personally known to ut least one of the Jury Commissioners tn be possessed of the necessary qualifica tions, of sound judgment, good character and free from legal exceptions. The law does not require that he shall be n white mau or a black mun, but n mun of good character and sound judgment. It is u purt of your duty to visit the jail, examine into its condition, nnd as certain whether or not the inmutes art properly ted, clothed and kept couifortu ole. In most prisons thc use of tire-place and stoves hus been discontinued, owing to the dunger of the inmates setting tire to the building, but in many oilier pris, ons stoves hnve been put up in the hulls by which means the prisoners may ?1 nonie degr? c be prevented from uiiueces sa ry suffering from cold during indenten' weather, lue law does not assume l< punish 0 prisoner awaiting trial in prison Aside from humanity it is our interest t< prevent it prisoner from becoming sick lor shouid hu be sick thc cost of attend tug him would be greater than tho ex pense of keeping fires. You should also visit thc Poor Housi of the County, anti inform yourselves u to the true condition of thc pauper; The poor ti 11 fortunates nf tho County ur cared for nt thc public expense, and it i you- ltity to see that they ure humanel treated, nnd the intention of the law cai ried out. Especial attention is directed to th Trini Justices. It is your duty to cr quire into thc mininer in which they pei torin their duties. They often abm their power by arresting parties ft trivial offences, and inflict an unneccssi ry cost upon the country. They are rt (ju red by law to hold a preliminary e' ( au dilation in every case, and they oltc I neglect to perform this important dut Tue neglect of this duty on the part ? tiieso officials is often embarrassing thc Solicitor, and frequently delays tl work of this Court. liv such a course neglect the Solicitor is kept iii thc da as to the merits of a case, white the d fendant may in the meantime employ tl best of counsel who is fully inform upon thc case. Gentlemen of tho Grand J my : I nco ncction with your County governmoi thc office of County Commissioner is st end t<> none other. These office* are i vested with power to Ux your people, pass upon, audit aud direct the payme o', all claims against tho County. Su being thc case, you must readily disco\ Low very important it is to tue pcoj that tho du'ics and powers of the Cour Commissioners b? so performed and ? ereined as to secure the interest and wi faro of the whole people. Their du does not cease here." They are cbarg with the caro of the unfortunate poor your County. They aro required to kc your br.-ges in good repair, and ye public roads in good tra vi ling order ; a thc law provides tor their punisbmi fur default in the performance of a duty imposed upon them. , You w therefore, nitikc such investigation a inquiry ns to thc management cf yt County affairs by tho Com m issi one rs, will secure the beat interest of the peo whoi you represent. Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, it ii proper that I should direct your attention to the liquor license law' of the State. The tendency of our people to indulge in the UK'1 of intoxicating liquo,-s is welt cal have the good of society at heart in this respect. The entire fabric of societvjs endangered by thin growing evil, fu? combined efforts of the temperance re former, thc watchman of God upon the walls of Zion, and the wisdom of our Leg ialature, have most wadly failed so fur lo bring any relief to us against the tri iimpliial inarch of this great destroyer of the ?inman family, and, without design ing to reflect upon the Legislature, I am (irmly impressed with the idea that noth ing snort of absolute prohibition of the sale of spirituous liquors will ever crush the monster intemperance. Hut what ever may be the defect in the law as it stands, it is nevertheless the duty of the Courts to enforce it. Hy the Act of March 19, 1874, chapter 80, "of Title 14, part l,of the general statutes, relating to the grunting of retail and'tavern licenses, are declared to be applicable solely to the granting ol licenses within the limita of incorporated cities, towns and villages. A party de sirous of retailing spirituous liquors in side of corporate cities, towns and vii ?ages by the Act of March 10, 1874, is re quired to make application for license to the corporate authorities thereof. Thc law requires that the applicant shall be recommended by six respectable tax payers of bis neighborhood ; that he shall enter into bond in the sum of one thou sand dollars, with three good securities, for the keeping of an orderly house. Thc bond must be tiled in the office of thc clerk of the city or town council, and ii copy thereof be filed with the Clerk ol the Court of General Sessions in the County where the lund is given. When you come to examine the County.Clerk'* office you will ascertain v.?.ether th? corporate authorities throughout youi County have complied with this require ment of the lnw. Asa general thing persons who engage in the trudie can bj no means be considered very respectable and the corporate authorities of cities ant towns would do weil to reject all applica lions recommended by persons engaget in thc t r.d?c. If you should find that am of these irregularities do exist you wii report it to the Court. if any person has filed his petitioi with the Clerk for license to retail out side of incorporated cities, towns, &c, i will be your duty to pass upon the saint and recommend whether or nol thc peti tinner should receive a license, and th price at which the same shall be uuiforn for all applicants. Hy this act it is prc vided that if any person shall wilful!; furnish any intoxicating drink, hy sale gift or otherwise to any person of know intemperate habits, or to any pcrso: when drunk or intoxicated, or to a uiinoi or to any insane person, for use as a bev erage, shall be held and deemed a misde ineauor, and, upon conviction thereoi the offender shall be fined not less tba ten or more than nuc thousand dollar and imprisoned not less than ten no more than thirty days. Some one a more of your hotly may know of person engaged in this trudie, having violated th law in this respect. If so you will prc sent them. The Court also desires to direct you attention to the practice of selling, tra ding or bartering spirituous liquors oi Sunday. Such practice is in violation o thc law, and you will present all whou you may know to have offended again? the law in this particular. This genera direction of your attention to the liquo license law of the State I trust may b sufficient to put you in possession of you dutv, but as thc Act is loug it may b well for you to read it at your leisure. Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, our pee pie have just passed through a genern election, characterized by an unusus amount of enthusiasm and excitement and thc neglect of the General Assembl; of this State, to provide for thc registra tion of all persons entitled to vote, ha perhaps opened wide the door for tb perpetration of fraud in said election Thc purity of the ballot box ought by al means to bc protected against fraud, and although we are without a registratioi law, if your hod}' should address itself ns siduously to the task of investigate whether there was fraud practiced in th late election, aut:h investigation wouh have a most wholesome effect, and tem jreatiy to secure us against much o fraud in all future elections. I trust therefore, you will give this matter you moat earnest consideration. Gentlemen of thc- Grand jury, you wii remember that on the 7th of Octobci 1870. the then Governor of the State, Mi D. H. Chamberlain, issued a proclama tion to the effect that there existed cer aiu organizations and combinations o nen in all thc counties of the State, en ;aged in promoting illegal objects, am committing actual deeds of violence S'ow, this is either true or false as to th icopie of Anderson County-a peopl whom you representas the grand inque*... It ia eminently proper in justice to you? iel ves, as well as the people of you bounty, to faithfully ana diiiigentiy ir piirc into affairs, and a true presentmen nake *o the Court, whether or not, "cei ain urbanizations of men did exist in th ?ountj of Anderson for the purpose <: promoting illegal objecta and in commit ingopea actaof lawleasneaand violence, [f you should find, upon (UM und fair in .vstigation of'the subject given you i .dmrge by the Court, that the said proe amation of His then Excellency wo ;rue as to yourselves and the people t /our County, you will so say ; and upo neb investigation you snould find tin ;he cha/ges contained in said proclarm ;t"t; do "ot nnnly to thc DeODlfl of vO'J bounty, and that as to Acm it is fulsi letan?a* ?ry and libelous, you will ? >ay. Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, I ah Jesire to direct your attention to tl crime of treason against a State. It hi been suggested by some that by thc Coi stitution and ita amendments, the exi lenee of the States as separate and ind pendent sovereignties has been merge into the General Government, whic! absorbing the States, has become ot Seat nation ; and that in consequcne o States are sovereign in such sense to bo entitled to the allegiance of the citizens respectively ; and that thc crin of treason cannot be committed again a State Government. T*-?- judgment tho Court is not in accord with such doctrine. South Carolins ?a ono of tl original States which formed the Fetlei Government. Sim waa n.raiiiilv >K>V{ eign then as to all powers not delegat to the General Government ; nnd it dc not appear when, where or how she reli quished that sovereignty. Thc Court therefore, of the opinion that thc crii of treason can be committed against t State of South Carolina. This crime h almost been lost sight of, which is pi haps owing to the fact that so far it h been of rar.? occurrence. Treason a ga ii a State Government is well defined the books, and its punishment provid for. And although it has been buri under the last fifty years of our exister ns a State, it ihould bo unearthed on proper occasions. In investigating t crime ot treason against,the State South Carolina, you will inquire whctl or not of lato an assembly of perse assuming to themselves tho right to p form certain duties under thc Taws oft State, did conspire ?o overthrow the iej govcrnmentof said State, by seizing ur all her power* and subverting thc will the peoplo lawfully expressed, and tl sumo overt act was dcao or attempted bc done by "them, with force, to exec or towards executing that purpose. I unnecessary that tho avsnnnbly bein o ditioti to use force ii needed to efl their treasonable design. If the asse bly is arrayed in a military manner thc ?xnr*?* luirpose of overawing or Mutating the public, and to aitempl carry into etiect the treasonable rkei that will of itself amount to a lew of war, although no actual blow baa been -truck ;;r engagement \:r,? takes pisco*" Gentlemen of the Grand Jury*, I buve endeavored briefly to define the crime of treason, mSU .. jw mumu iiuu, ??".. careful investigation, that au asoeiubly of persons lately no demeaning them SC'IVCB ?? ?bU otate ?S tO ufiKg lue iii within thu meaning of the law as given you by thc Court, you will so find and present tiiem for indictment. Gentlemen of the Grand Jury, I am fully convinced that the hope of escaping punishment greatly encourages the com mission of crime ;' especially among the depraved and wicked. There arc but few persons KO depraved and lost to every sense of social duty to their fellow men us to commit, for [nvtance, thc crime of murder wirb the fi:ll knowledge before hand th;1', tiie judgment ol the law would certainly overtake them. Hence the necessity for a prompt und most efficient discharge of every duty und power per taining to your office. A rigid exercise of those duties and ?lowers will huvo not only the effect of checking thc desperate and wicked from thc commission of crime, but it will have a wholesome effect upon ull your County officiuls. Even tiley will take lesson,and learn the importun?e '? of discharging faithfully to the public i the duties of their respective offices, j You may rest assured thut the failure to dischnrge .your consciences fully under the oath which you have taken, v iii not only embolden the enemies of law, order, peace and good government, but perhaps afford them the opportunity to laugh when your ca'nmity cometh, and render every laudable effort of the Court to sup crime ineffectual. You will remember that you ure not to try the cuses bunded you by Mr. Solicitor. \ our duty in that respect is imply to hear thc testimony on the part of the witnesses for thc Stute, und upon thut you ure to determine whether or not there exist probable or reasonal 'e cause to sup port tho offense or crime charged in thc indictment. If you should find that the same is probably* or rcusonubly supported by thc evideuce, you will return "True Bill," otherwise, vou will return ''No Bill." It is necessary thut twelve of your body should agree to make a legal find ing." You need not examine all the witnesses sworn and sent before you in any case. If you should bc satisfied from the ex amination of one witness thut the offense or clime charged is probably or reuson.* bly true, you may stop there and find "True Bill." But before you find "No Bill," it will be your duty to examine all the witnesses* sworn by Mr. Solicitor. In conclusion, gentlemen of the Grand Jury, I most profoundly regret that the present status of the government in South Carolina is anything else but desi rable. We have two persons claiming to be the Chief Executive of the State Gen. Wade Humpton and Mr. D. H. Chamberlain. If one of these gentle men is the Governor, thc other is most certainly not ; and for the purpose of settling this all-impoi tant issue us to thc 8th Circuit, for thc present, and until de termined by higher authority* the Court deems it proper to give expression of its opinion, as at present advised, of the law as to who is the Governor of thc State of South Carolina. The Supreme Court having decided that the Mackey House was not the legal House of Representa tives, would necessarily force Mr. Cham berlain to rely upon bis old title to the office of Governor-that he holds over until his 8UcceB3c.- qualifies, ?kc. Let us see if this position is tenable. Upon ex amination of the Constitution, I find that lhere are three possible contingen cies under which Gov. Chamberlain might hold over. First. In the event of a tie in the votes cast for Governor Second. When there is a protest or con test ns to who hu? been eiecied. 1 hird. Until his successor qualifies. Neither of the fir.it two continge-nciea has trans pi red . and as to the third, Gen. Hamp ton ' ring received a majority of all the vot cast for Governor, has qualified ; and nless the failure of the Senate to attend the House of Representatives at the rime it declared him elected invali dates his right to exercise the duties of Governor, he is to-day the Governor of the State of South Cufolinu. And upon this point thc Court holds that the con duct of the Senate to defeat the will of the majcrity of the people os expressed at the bniiot-box, was revolutionary in its character ; that the unlawful refusal of the Senate to participate in the inau guration of Gen. Hampton as the Gover nor elect, cannot defeat his right to per form the duties of the office ; that the Constitution executes itself. "That which should have been done waa done." The Court, therefore, recognizing the fact that Wade Hampton was duly installed ns Governor of the 8tate of South Carolina on the 14th day of December, A. D. 1876, will respect his official acts as such throughout the Eighth Circuit, and none other. Such being thc judgment of thc Court, it would instruct you to make in quiry and true presentment Of any and all persons who may be, or attempting, to perform the duties of any office as an appointee of Mr. Chamberlain under commissions bsued by him since the 14th day of December, 1876, or by virtue of any commission issued prior t? said date, where notice of removal has been given by Governor Hampton. There is but one verdict, and tbnt ls that in thirty-three years Dr. Bull's Cough 8yrup has never fniled to cure n Cougn, Cold or general Hoarseness. At drug stores. Price 25 cents; five bottles, $1. "Old Reliable" There are ninny reputed remedies for that very prevalent disease, Chronic Nasal Ca tarrh, but none which have given ger eral satisfaction and become acknowledged stan dnrd prepurntipns, exwpt Pr, B:'*^'? Catarrh Remedy. It continues to enjoyan unprece dented popularity. This reputation btu been earned through the permanent cures which it hos wrought, having provest itself a specific in tho went forms ot" the disease, Pierce's Pocket Memorandum Books arc given away at drug stores. Advice Gratis. The Hon. Alexander H. Stevens says "flic Globe Flower Cough Syrup ha> proven a most valuable remedy to me.' Gov. James M. Smith, of Georgia says "I shall always use it with perfect conti denes, and recommend it to the public as a remedy which will afford that satis faction experienced by me and mine. Ii cxcnla everything for coughs, colds ntu obstinate lung affections." Ex-Gov. crown, ot Ga., say? :-"Ht finds the Globe Flower Cough Syrup t most excellent remedy." Such endorsement by our gr?,at am good men deserves the attention of tin afflicted. Thoso suffering from cough colds and lung affections should use tb? Globe Flower Cough Syrup. It will pos itively ct.'; ec nr. ti in pt iou. For salf by Simpson A Sadler._ *****tf*.OTICK OF FINAL SETTLEMENT^ Notice ls hereby given that the under signed, Ssecuto? of Sainte John Gatnbreli deceased, will apply ta thc Judge of Probat for Anderson County, on Tuesday. 13tl day of March next, for a Final Sett lemon and discharge from said Estate. JOHN WILSON, Ex'r. Feb S, 1877 30 ?? SHERIFF'S SALE." .LVI virtue of an Execution to mo di -l-l? rected, I ?ill expose to sale on th FIRST MON OA Y In MARCH next, a at Anderson Court House, the followin property to wit : One Tract of Land, containing eighty (KC acres, mow er tess, situate in AndcrSo County, bounded ty lands of A. L. McMt ban, Thomas Jones and others, levied on a tho property of J. D. Welch at thc salt ? Robert A. Gray. ' Terms cash-purchaser to nay extra lo paper*. JA& H. MCCONNELL. 1 Sheriff Anderson County. Feb 8, 1877 ? *S p K. Vi CULLY, i, o -, NEW FIRM, V'^^VLOR j ^EOOTJIJXJY <3C TAYLOR vi i Lil run CASH OB COTTON, AT LOWEST POSSIBLE PRTM?. FLOUR. BACON. CORK, HAI_. 1 I.ARD. SUGAR, COFFEE, nWA> MOLASSES, BOOTS, 8HOE8. UA?R CAFS, TRUNKS, DRY GOODS. Nirrnlv, CLOTHING. CASSIM ERES, JEANS, AVno.\Rt HARDWARE and CTTLERY7""*' dec. Ac. ^ . AT VOMT-Lot Ladles' HATS, FURS, SHAWLS mid BALMORALS pOr Purchasers will ?ave thc trouble and cxpcnne of going elsewhere hv U1K)I1 * ?l?ilg McCULLY Sc TAYLO??, Atiiles sou, ?. c FERTILISERS WSTH COTTON OPTION Hevuntwen Contw l'or Mi?I<lllujrp j w,*? The Oeorgia Orange Fertiliser. The Georgia Orange Amiuoniatcd Hone \ n phate. Russell Coe'ti Superphosphate ol' Lime. m "'"?*. McCULLY A TAYLOli * Feb 1. 1877_M_ XA)li' A?f?1?. __._ .- ". . -:-.- (Ira GILREATH & PEOPLES, WHOLESALE ami RETAIL DEALERS IN TIN WARE, COOKING and HEATING STOVES. < HOUSE FURNISHING GOODS, &c. &c. ff IA bl. on PCOPEtES and he will KOIIU, %U above Goods cheaper than ifbeyev?S! been sold ill Anderson or Greenville \v going to sell. * "ea* MERCHANTSLwJU ?av? their RAGS A,. until Mr. WATKB comes to bee them with u ul Tin Vi agon. We have good Mechanics, and will eive?? rial a..cntion to i* Eepairing, Roofing, Guttering. Call on Peonies, and you will ulwnvs fl?,i bin' in the Cotton Mtulcet. " un'1 ?) iv Feb 1. 1877 LIBERAL TERMS FOR FERTILIZERS FOR THE YEAR 1877. "WE OFFER FOR SALE, through our Agents, the following CJeuniue F?rtil, ixera. long established and well known in this County, ami still warranted as full;, up j to standard : Carolina Fertilizer, Bradley's Patent Phosphate, Palmetto Acid Phosphate. .traf" For terms apply to the following Agents in Anderson County : BLECKLEY, BROWN A CO., Anderson, S. C.Carolina Fertilizer and Acid Phos. ?. B. TOWERS. Anderson, S. C.Bradley's Patent Phosphate, J. C. CHERRY. Pendleton, S. C.Carolina Fertilizer und Acid Phosphate. T. CHYMES & CO., Williamston, 8. C.Carolina Fertilizer and Acid Phosphat?. C. E. HORTON, Williamston, S. C..Bradley's Patent Phosphats. A. J. STRINGER ?fe CO., Relton. S. C.Carolina Fertilizer and Acid Phosphate. LEE A SLOAN, Honea Path. S. C.Bradley's Patent nod Acid Phosphate: D. 8. MCCULLOUGH, Honea Path, S. C.Carolina Fertilizer and Acid Phosphate. fjf rjaii ului .see the above agents before purchasing your Guanos. Wc neil them for Cash, on good credit, or for Cotton at fifteen cent? per ponnd. Feb 1. 1.S77 GEO. W. WILLIAMS & CO., ChurloHton, S. C. 20 _3ni HE M?IO JL HE undersigned lins been appointed hy G ivenior 1 lampton ns Special Agent to re ceive amt receipt for the contribution of ten percent, upon the amount of thc State and County tax of 1873-76, authorized by the House of Representatives. The receipts issued by nie wilt be accptcd as evidence of payment on the collection of taxes to be hereafter levied by thc Legislature for the said fiscal year. The following appointments are made for the ensuing week : At Belton on Thursday, February 15th, from 10 a. m. until 4 p. in. At "Williainstcn on Friday, 16th Februa ry-thc entire day. At Hotica Patti on Saturday, 17th Feb ruary, from ll a. m. until 3 p. m. Tax-payers will oblige mc by bringing their receipts for last year. JAMES A. HOYT, . Special Agent. Feb 8, 1877 30 LOST KOTES. THE following Notes due mc, signed by Je'itha Hurler have been ?oat : One dated March "?th'~187??, for Seventy Dollars, paynblo ut demand after ten days notice, with u credit i " fifteen dollars on it. Also, one of the same date for Forty- nine Dollars, payable in February, 1877. All persons are hereby notified not. to trotte for either of these Notes. The money hus been tendered to poy these Notes, and any one iinding them will confer a favor by returning them to thc undersigned. MARGARET BROOKS. Feb 8, 1877 30v 1 MARBLE YARD! THE undersigned respectfully informs thc publie that he lias a stock of ,n>w Marble, of excellent quality, en route for ttiis place, and in a low days will open n Marble Yard, where he wilt keep on hand firs*-class stock, and ?be prepared to "itt alt orders for M?iiuments, Tablets v and Furniture Marble, In fine style. Give mc n call and save money, as I am determined to give satisfac tion in my work, and to fill enters at such l?ricos as I cannot be undersold. SAMUEL MURPHY, Anderson, S. C. Feb 8, 1877 30 3m Valuable Town Property for Sale ? * J IOFFER foi" salo Two Hundred (?00) ocres of Land, lying within, and ntiguons to, ihe corporate limits of tho Town of An den*,!.. This property was formerly a por tion of the homestead binds of Daniel Brown, late deceased. It contains beautiful build'.ng sites, a model farm, and an abun dance of good Umber. Will sell ell togeth er, or in parcels to suit purchasers. Apply to the undersigned at Willtamston, 8. C., ot E. W. Brown, Anderson Court iiou.se. B. P. BROWN, Trustee. Feb 1, 1877 20 8m MA NTUA-MAKIN ?7 MRS. H. J. WELCH wishes to inform her friends and tho public generally that r.hc is still doing Ladies' and Children's Work in tho very latest style, cheaper than any one ciao in town, and all orders prompt ly exe. med. ?ive her .a call before going elsewhere. Location on west side Main Street, Wext to railroad brid. e. Janis. 1877 ' Om SIMPSON & SADLER, BENSON Ut, USE CORNER, Dealers in DrugvS, Medicines, &c., Are just receiving a large variety of FRESH GARDEN SEEDS, From those most reliable Seed Gardens of Rob't Buist, jr., D. M. Ferry A Co., aud Johnson, Robbins A Co., at wholesale or retail. ALSO, CHEMICALS ' FOR Home Made Fertilizer, At lowest, prices for Cash. Feb 1, 1877 20 CARSWELL INSTITUTE, V *w,?.4..?t ? O ?fl-At. "J> ?..,!. .maim to aiiv.i rumu ut Jlliun - sou Village. PERPETUAL CALENDAR. SPRING TERM of Six Months begin! First Monday in February. Fnll Term of Three Months begins First Monday in September. BATES OF TUITION. For Spring Term Primaries.$i? OT? Academies. 10 00 CnlWiiites.W 00 Music.. 18 00 For Fall Term Primaries. 5 00 Academics. s 00 Collegiutes. 10 00 Music. 0 00 p?&- Incidental Fee, per term, upon entrv. 25 INSTHUCTOBS. College Department will be hillier tho care of Ii. lt. CAHSWKLL, Jr., A. M. Primaries and Academics will be under the supervision and instruction of W. K. WALTERS. A thoroughly competent Teacher will pre side over tho Musical and Art Departments. OTHES ITEMS. 1. Tuition is due at beginning of each ces sion, and all dues must he namby the mid dler)! November. 2. We promise to advance such pupils only ns are regular in attendance. 3. No deduction will be made for lost time except os occasioned by protracted sickess. 4. Board can be had in good families near the Institute for ?9 tos$10 per month. For further particulars address cither of tito Principals. E. R. CARSWELL, Jr., W. E. WALTERS. Sloreville, S. C., Januarv, 1877. Jan 25,1877 28 _. Notice of Dissolution, THE Firm of Sutherland A Armstrong is this day dissolved, Mr. W. C. Arm strong having purchased tho interest of J. N. Sutherland in tho Goods now on bond, store furniture, fixtures, Ac,, belong ing to and owned by the timi of Sutherland A Armstrong. J. N. SUTHERLAND. W. C. ARMSTRONG. Belton, S. C., Jar.. 20, ?877. I will continuo business nt thc old stand, in firm namoof W. C. ARMSTRONG. 'Feb j, 1877__J?_ MORTGAGEE'S SALE. BY virtne or a Mortgage executed to me hy J. H. On??, 1 will ?ell at Anderson t-. ti., ti. C., on Monday, tho litb day o? February next, one grey Mule and ono chestnut sorrel Mare-property substituted for one grey More ant) one bay Mule Ou?t, dc~erli>eti ni udd mortgage. Terms cash. C. A. HEED, Mortgagee. Feo?,l&77-.~ 39 2