Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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BY HOYT & CO. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER T, 1876._VOL. XII-NO. 8. RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.-Two Dollars per-annum, and One Dollar for six months. Subscriptions aro not taken for a less period ? ban nix months. Liberal deductions made to clubs of ten or uore subscribers. RATES OF ADVERTISING.?One Dollar per *Huareol one inch for the firstinsertion.and Fifty Cents persquare for subsequent insertionslesnthau three mouth*. No advertisement counted less than a square. Liberal contracts will be made with those wishing toadvertisc for three, six or twelve months. Ad? vertising by contract must be confined to the im? mediate business of the firm or individual contrac? ting. Obituary Notices exceeding fivo lines, Tributes of Respect, and all personal communications or matters of individual interest, will he charged for ;it advertising rates. Announcements of marriages rod deaths, and notices of a religions character, are .v.'spectfullv solicited, and will be inserted gratis. OUR CENTENNIAL LETTER. Machinery Hall?The Great Cor? liss Engine?The Giants of Steam The Big Krupp Gun?The Magi? cians of the Saw?Aristocratic Soda Water?Iron Citters, <&c., .tyrriVj" O>rre.t]i0>itlenre oj l/tf Anderson Intelliyrncrr. Philadelphia, Sep. 1,187G. For more than three months I have passed at least a dozen times a day the building which I am about to describe, arid I confess I have shrunk from the task, for I have looked upon it with almost fear and wonder. It is not a sub? ject to be dealt with lightly, for within this mighty building is concentrated more of the brain power, by which the world is moved than in all of the Cen? tennial Exhibition beside. Cross over to the Main Building and there you see the results; come back to Machinery Hall and there you find the motive pow? er by which these results were achieved. It is true in the Chinese and Japanese Departments you see marvellous exhibi? tions of handicraft, wonderful carvings are there on which whole lives of unre? mitting toil have been wasted; genius which properly directed might have ri? valed the creations of Praxiteles, here produces nothing but monstrosities which ra-her appal than gratify the imagina? tion. You shake the dust of the past from your shoes when you enter Machin? ery Hall. Everything around you speaks of the living present?not of a slow pres? ent, but a present that keeps reaching out and grasping into the future?that compresses years into months and months into days, days into hours and hours into minutes, and minutes into seconds which ever appear too slow. Steam magnifies its power a million times, yet steam seems weak and tardy, and now the restless genius that whips us onward like a piti? less fiend, dives down into the bowels of the earth and reaches upward to the stars in search of some new motive power which shall supersede that terrible agent which for seventy years has been the wonder and admiration of the world. Machinery Hall is fourteen hundred feet long, aud five hundred and sixty-eight feer wide, and covers nearly thirteen acres; the outside aisles are forty feet high, and the interior aisles arc seventy feet. Walk right along with rac down the main avenue, nor pause till we reach the giant engine by which all this ma? chinery is moved. We arc now in the centre of the building; the hand is on the hour of nine; the crowd around watch in breathless expectation the movements of two men who stand on the elevated platform; one makes a par? tial circuit of the sleeping monster; sein? ing everything with a critical eye, he re? turns to his post, and lays his hand upon a polished iron wheel; his comrade does the same; he gives it a gentle turn, and the man on the opposite side has repeated his motion; another turn and you sec a gentle puff of steam ; still another, there is a thrill and vibration; still another and the giant arms begin to move, the mighty fly-wheel, thirty feet in diameter, sweeps round as noiselessly as a ghost; the whirr and buzz of a thousand ma? chines break through the stillness of the morning, and the day's labor has fairly begun. But look down there to the right, do you see that man leaning agj-inst the platform? That is George H. Corliss, of Providence, and the owner of the giant before you. In person, he is si.ort and thick set, seeming capable of any amount of endurance. Look at that bull neck and mastiff jaw, and watch the expression of his face, which at a glance looks hard and stern. Xo carpet knight this, but one of your rough, solid work? ers, who stands no nonsense, who would not thank you for a compliment, and who cleaves his way through every obstacle and never pauses till finally his object is achieved. He looks just exactly like a man who would kick a beggar out of his house and then fling a five dollar bill at him from the second-story window.? Work, work, work; not the dull plodding of human muscles, but nerves of iron and muscles of steel, controlled by God's most marvelous agent, the human brain. Into these titanic arms, moving with the unerring certainty of fate, a power has been put which lifts the yoke of labor from the neck of groaning millions, al? most nullifying the curse which the crea? tor proclaimed to the children of men? ?'In the sweat of thy fiice shalt thou cut thy bread." Everything around you is suggestive of strength, power, speed and intelli? gence; no guess work here, no grasping for chances in the dark; mathematics, Btcrn and unrelenting, furnish the base of every problem by which these giants arc moved. Conic this way, do you see that mighty lever which rises and falls s-? noiselessly up and down that you would never realize its power? Put this bar of iron an inch thick beneath its pitiless jaw, sec it cleave as though it was tissue paper. Here is a punching ma? chine that sends its bolt through a thick plate of iron just as the sewing machine sends it* needle through a piece of cam? bric. And here wc have a monster lathe working all alone, 110 human being near it, and yet observe the unerring intelli? gence that hour after hour works steadily on and never makes a mistake. Still further on an uncomfortable shadow falls across our path; wc look up and find ourselves standing in the presence of the gnat Krupp gun. While in a military man it might awaken admiration to see the perfection to which human genius has brought this miracle of ordinance, I confess the only feeling it awakened in mc was a hope that it might never be used. You can scarcely realize its size and its power?twenty-three feet long, twenty tons weight, fiftccu inch bore, and a range of fifteen miles. But though the name of Fred. Krupp is indissolubly connected with the manufacture of the grandest piece of ordinance of modern times, it is not solely in this connection that his glory will pass to posterity, for around you on every side arc the em? blems of his genius, which, like angels of peace, shall testify to the greatness of this man's name when the history of his monster gun has passed into oblivion forever. Close beside this dread engine of distraction lies the mighty shaft of a I steamship forged from a single ingot of j steel, and polished like a lady's bodkin. Huge steel tires for locomotives and 1 wheels for cars are scattered around on every hand. Commerce pays him her peaceful tribute, and the railroads of the world in the remotest climes bear testi? mony of his genius and skill. Twenty thousand people find employment in his numerous factories and mines, and I hail with satisfaction the exhibit among our people of the greatest steel manufacturer in the world. In one section I saw what to me ap? peared a very wonderful operation; it was the manufacture of tin-ware by Bliss & Williams, of Brooklyn. Well do I remember the time when the commonest tin pan was made out of four pieces, and of the care that had constantly to be exercised to keep the bottom from melt? ing off. Great benefactor of the human race was he who invented this stamping machine. No'" they take a circular plate of tin, place it under the die, and before you can say Jack, much lass Robinson, your pan is made; and such a pan, a model of beauty and strength that defies all efforts of Bridget to k ock or melt the bottom out of it. And here we come to the sawyers de? partment. Magicians you may fairly call them, for it seems as if they can do almost anything with those wonderful little saws. See him take up that rough and ungainly looking block, watch how daintily he twists and turns it around : see, the saw scarcely leaves a trace, but keeps whirring and whizzing on; look, he shakes it to pieces, and before you is a complete set of fairy furniture, hand? somely finished and ready for use. A few years ago and the name of Mat? thews was almost the only one identified with the manufacture of soda water ap? paratus; now the woods are full of 'era. Tuft has a half dozen marble palaces, and other manufacturers have such mag? nificent displays, that we feel compelled to ask from what source the money comes. Would it not just be possible to give us just a trifle less magnificent ap? paratus and a little cheaper soda water? This thing has been increasing year after year, till now five or six thousand dollars is considered a very moderate price for a soda water apparatus for a country drug store; in fact, the single article of furni? ture would mortgage all the pillecotia, epsom salts, porous plasters and sugar coated pills usually owned by a country apothecary. The Centennial Commission has just made a new concession. On two Satur? days of this month the Exhibition is to be opened for twenty-five cents. Last week a firm in Agricultural Hall had a lot of cards printed which they intended to put over their card cases in various parts of the hall, and on them was prin ted in large red letters, "Take One." Some graceless varlet passing along, stole the whole package, and looking around saw a magnificent display of preserved fruits and pickles, from which the owner was unfortunately absent. He carefully placed a ticket on each bottle and can, and then withdrew to observe the general result. The first that came along was a fat old woman from Missouri. She paused for a moment, rubbed her spectacles and then reached for a bottle of pickles. She went on a few steps and then returned and gobbled up a can of peaches. Two hungry-looking galoots from Kentucky followed in her wake, and off walked a couple of packages of strawberries. A widow with four chil? dren next appeared, and they went for some Bartlctt pears and raspberry jam. The good news spread like wildfire, and in a few moments hundreds were rushing like mad men toward the unfortunate stand. It was not long till the place was entirely stripped, and when the unlucky owner got hack all that remained was the empty shelves, over which were scat? tered cards that told the story of his ruin, inscribed with the motto, "Take One." An admirable restaurant has been opened by the Draymen's Association, just back of Agricultural Hall, where for forty-five cents you can get a very respectable meal?this is the price of a cup of coffee in any of the crack restau? rants. It is the only place on the grounds where you can get a meal at a moderate price, and the gentlemanly superintendent, Mr. Coit, is always on the alert to secure the comfort of his guests. Yours truly, BROADBRIM. ? "Long Branch has a throng of nota? bles," says a correspondent, but they are not a circumstance in numcrousncss to the other throng, who are not-able to go there. ? "Where's the bar?"' asked a dirty looking stranger of the bell-boy of the hotel the other day. "What kind of a bar?" asked the latter. "Why, a saloon bar, of course; what do you suppose I mean? "Well," drawled the boy, "I didn't know but what you might mean a bar of soap." ? These fine summer mornings, just as a man is trying to get another forty winks of sleep before- breakfast, afford unusual facilities for studying the habits and dis? position of the common fly. The sagaci? ty of the insect is marvelous. They never fail to find the tenth-rest spot on a man's face, and when found they hold battalion drill right there, close up in columns of companies, then deploy in line of battle advance skirmishers and throw up rifle pits, keeping up in the meanwhile an incessant crash of field music. After this has gone on for a half hour or so, a mati thinks ho might as well get up and help take care of the baby. Red Oats. IK Wyalt Aiktn in th* Rural Carolinian forSkpitmbtr. We have so frequently written in these pages about red oats, and have sent them to so many sections of the State and South, thai we thought every farmer sowed them, and that if he did* not, that he at least had heard of their intrinsic worth. But much to our surprise we are in almost daily receipt of letters making enquiry about this invaluable grain. How much do you sow to the acre? When do you sow ? Why do you sow in totton land? What becomes bf the cot? ton stalks? These and hosts of similar questions arc asked now-a-days, and wc will answer most of them so that there mn be no error either in the sowing or reaping, and to be plain and explicit, we will simply narrate, as wc have fre? quently done heretofore, a little experi? ment during the past season. In 1875 one of our tenants planted a twelve acre field, (four years old) in cot tou, land good and strong, oak and hick? ory. We determined to put this field in red oats, and hence advised the tenant to postpone as late as practicable the last ploughing of his cotton. This was done, and on the 10th August we gave him eighteen bushels of red oats, and advised him to run two "sweep" furrows in his cotton, then sow the oats at the rate of one and a half bushels per acre, and cover the grain with one, sometimes two, more similar furrows. Taking his own time about it, he consumed just two weeks in laying by that field of cotton, and we paid him two dollars for sowing our oats in his cotton. The ploughing we did not pay for, because with his own mule he was giving his own crop what it needed before it was laid by. A fine stand was secured, and the oats grew off very rapidly. The winter being warm, this crop would have made a lux? uriant sheep pasture all the winter, but it was not touched by stock except occa? sionally when hunger would force a lot of the tenant's cows to mount the fence and gorge themselves. This was done so frequently that at times the crop seemed literally ruined. But wc had faith, for wc never yet have had a crop of red oats to ' come up miss? ing" at harvest time. About the middle of February these intrusions were put a stop to. The first week in March the wife and children of our tenant were paid twenty five cents per acre to knock down the cotton stalks low enough not to interfere with cradling. Early in June the twelve acres were harvested by five cradlers, five binders, two shockers, one water carrier, at an expense of twenty-two dollars. The work was well done, and was a good day's work for the laborers, the oats be? ing in places so heavy that cradling was done to great disadvantage. Could the crop have been harvested with a reaper, however, we believe many more bushels would have been saved. These oats were stocked in large shocks, sometimes thirty bundles in a shock, and capped by simply laying one or two bun? dles across the top of the shock. A week after being cut, we began to haul them in, but the very next day rain fell and continued to fall for five consecutive days. Much apprehension was felt about the grain crop, every one was predicting ruin, because the grain woula sprout in the field. Our faith was not shaken, because wc knew red oats had never yet disap? pointed the farmer. In due time, after the rainy season ended, wc began to haul, hiring our ten? ants, with their own teams, to haul those oats from that field to our dwelling place, a distance of six miles, paying one dollar and a half for every two-norsc load, hauling two loads a day, and twenty doz? en bundles to the load. We hauled nine? teen loads, and though none of these oats were intended to be threshed, but to be cut up as needed and fed to animals off the plantation, we have so frequently thrcsncd this grain and know so well what it will viefd, that wc are warranted in saying that ever, load would have measured twenty bushels of shelled oats. They are now housed snugly, and care? fully packed away in a loft that experi? ence teaches us holds just enough oats to feed three horses for twelve months. Wc have that many now feeding upon them, and wc arc confident these oats will feed them and have some to spare when the oat crop of 1877 is harvested. Now let us see what these oats cost us. First, there is the seed, eighteen bushels, worth last fall eighteen dollars. Then we paid for sowing two dollars. Then for knocking down cotton stalks one dollar and fifty cents. Then the harvest? ing cost twenty-two dollars. And finally we paid twenty-eight dollars and fifty cents to have thsm hauled to our stable, six miles off. Well, with our tribe of little ones, we ourselves packed away these oats, and ought to have been paid for it, wc will say, three dollars. Add to this the wear and tear of the land, with a fair interest upon the investment, say of two dollars ami fifty cents per acre, or thirty dollars for the twelve acres. If wc knew of any other expense wc would add it, but wc do not, and really think wc paid more liberally all around for our work than most of o?r neighbors would have done. Could wc have possi? bly spared the time wc would have sowed the held and paid no one else to do it. Lack of time prevented our being with the reapers, and hence wc believe wc paid at least two dollars too much there. Tuo many irons in the fire compelled us to pay for the hauling, which might have otherwise been done with our own team. And the packing away was a frolic, no money out, but simply valued at three dollars. But with all these high charges we be? lieve we have housed three hundred and eighty bushels of beautiful oats, at an aggregate cost of one hundred and five dollars, or less than twenty-eight cents per bushel. Three bushels of these oats are worth two bushels of corn. Can any farmer in the South grow corn at forty two cents per bushel'! This is the fourth crop of oats wc have hauled six miles in tin: sheaf, and never before h:is it cost us over twenty-five cents a bushel, housed. We say then earnestly to our readers, sow red oats, and advise your neighbors to sow them. Don't stand upon the price of a few bushels, but buy and sow. Oats all this fall have been cheap, and no better in? vestment can be made than in a few bushels of seed oats. Sow now, sow next month, and sow any time that the. laud can be ploughed between this and the first day of March next. We sowed six acres after the 1.0th of last March, and harvested eighty dozen, equivalent to eighty bushels. The first sown, however, in the early Kail, arc always the heaviest and best oats. Tick over a cotton field once, then sow and cover with a sweep. The few lost cotton bolls will never be missed. ? "I>id you stay long enough to see much of the Centennial ?" asked one At? lanta clerk of another who had just re? turned from a two day's sojourn at Phila? delphia. "Oh, yes; I got a pretty good ; idea of the whole thing," was the reply ; 1 "you'll find the best beer at Ed. Mer I ccr's." Let Us Have a Campaign FiiimI. Tlic following article was contributed a sboit time ago to the Edgefield Advertiser, but its appeal for a campaign fund will apply with equal force to Anderson County : Messes. Editors : I believe that the success of the .Democratic party in Edge field County is already assured. The bold, resolute and determined attitude of the democracy has had a telling effect, and the victory has already been virtu? ally achieved. But Edgefield is the banner County, and her motto now is "Excelsior." We desire to accomplish more than a simple majority. Wc wish to beat the Radicals by 1,500 or 2,000 votes. Wc wish to make this fight, to them a Waterloo de? feat. We wish also to set a patriotic ex? ample to our sister Counties and to our fellow-citizens throughout the whole State. Wc want the same wind that will sweep Edgefield like a prairie fire, to consume the Radical broomsedge from the Mountains to the Seaboard. Let us create a breeze that cannot by any possi? bility or contingency fail to waft "the no? ble, chivalrous, honest, virtuous, gallant Hampton into the Executive Chair of the State. Without relaxing a particle of the means and efforts that we now have under way, let us go one step further and raise a campaign fund of five thousand dollars or more, to be placed at the disposal of the Executive Committee of Edgefield County. Let uu have the "sinews" of political warfare. Come weal or come woe, we must win this fight. Like Cortcz, we have burned our snips behind us, and there is no safe avenue of retreat. We must look neither to the right nor to the left, but fix our eyes steadily upon the goal of Democratic victory, like the Eagle fixes his upon the sun. Our forefather's pledged their fortunes as well as their lives and their sacred honor in the contest for freedom and the struggle for independence a hundred years ago, and nobly did they redeem the pledge. The men of 18(50 imitated their illustrious and heroic example. Shall wc of 1870 prove to be less self-sacrificing than they? Arc we not willing in this hour of our country's greatest need to bring up our "offerings" and lay them as willing sacrifices upon our country's altars. I mistake the spirit and temper of the people of this county if they should fail to respond with alacrity to a call like this. An assessment of two hundred dollars upon each Club, or somcthiug like that in proportion to their respective means, would raise the required amount. This sum could be raised and nobody hurt. It would scarcely be entitled to the dignity of the appellation sacrifice. And yet the demands of the hour require that we should actually make sacrifices and resort to great self-denial to redeem the State. In 18C0 our wealthy citizens uni? formed whole companies aud equipped them for service, as an evidence of their zeal and patriotism. Are not our men of means, of to-day, willing to give one or two hundred dollars each to rescue this noble old commonwealth from the hands of the vandals. Shall we continue any longer to pay millions into the Radical Treasury when a hundred thousand dol? lars would elect the Damocratic ticket beyoud all peradventure ? Five thou? sand dollars raised by each County in the State would yield a fund of one hundred and fifty thousand dollars. If we act well the part of the wagoner in Aesop and put our own shoulders to the wheel, there is a Hercules at the North that will double the amount. The taxes of the next winter will be levied by the new Legislature. If the Radicals prevail, these will be exceeding? ly burdensome and oppressive. It will be a saving of a half million dollars to the pockcte of the people to elect the Democratic ticket, in the matter of the next winter's taxes alone. Shall we not bring up our treasure to the rescue in so momentous a crisis as this ? The times are propitious ; the occasion is far more favorable than any that we have ever had presented before; the Radical waves are receding; their Bel shazzers are trembling; the hand writing is on the wall; the Democratic hosts are advancing; and South Carolina is the last stronghold of this modern Diabolus. Every one knows that money has here? tofore been very freely used by the Radi? cals in this State?and public money too ?poured by the Democrats into the Rad? ical Coffers. At the North hundreds of thousands of dollars arc annually spent in elections when the candidates are all white, and the best representative men arc put forward by both parties. The people there have very little to lose in the triumph of either party, aud yet their political contests are fought with intense fierccncBss aud with the utmost disregard of expense. Shall wc who have become the slaves of slaves, whose inheritance, that has been handed down from a hun? dred generations, has been usurped by a black inferior race of political cormo? rants, the most corrupt that the world ever saw; and who groan under the most intolerable burden of misgovernment and political rottenness, that any civilized people ever had to endure, shall we not be willing to contribute freely of our means to he restored to our inheritance? It is said that Robertson ami Patterson each paid forty thousand dollars to be elected to the United States Senate by our Radical Legislatures, and that Solo? mon's Bank contributed tens of thousands of dollars to elect Chamberlain Governor two years ago, and after reimbursing it? self from the public funds iu its keening, suspended payment. Malier and Reed and Shaw were defeated by such miscre? ants as Wiggins and Whippcr and Moses because these last paid a few hundred dollars a piece for their selection.? Money is a powerful lever to turn the ma? chinery that moves the. world. The Spoils! The spoils!! The spoils!!! This is the Shibboleth of the Radical party. Let us go at them with their own favorite weapons. Let us tight them on their own ground. Let us neat them at their own game. Vulcan. Don't Be Too Critical.?Whatever you do, never set up for a critic. Wc don't mean a newspaper one, but in pri? vate, life, in the domestic circle, in socie? ty. It will not do any one any good, and it will do harm?if you mind being called disagreeable. If you don't like any one's nose, or object to any one's chin, don't put your feelings into words. If any one's manners don't please you, remem? ber your own. People arc not all made to suit one taste ; recollect that. Take things as you find them, unless you can alter them. Even a dinner, after it is swallowed, cannot be made any better. Continual fault-finding, continual criti? cism of the conduct ofthisono aud the speech of that one, the dress of the other and the opinions of t'other, will make home the utihappiest place under the sun. If you are never pleased with any one, no one will ever be pleased with you.? And if it is known you are hard to suit, few will take pains to suit you.?Jfcarth ami Home. ? "How much owest thou?" is grow? ing to be a favorite hymn in the Churches. It is sung while the brethren pass around their hats. A Word to the Young- Men. The grand mistake that young men make during the first ten years of their business and professional cares, is in idly waiting for their cliancc. They seem to forget, or they do not know, that during thos^ ten years they enjoy the only leis? ure they will ever have. After ten years there will be no time for reading, culture and study. If they do not become thor? oughly grounded in the principles and practical details of their profession dur? ing those years; if they do not store their mind with useful knowedge; if they do not pursue habits of reading and observa? tion, and social intercourse, which result iu culture, the question whether they will ever rise to occupy a place where there is room enough for them, will be decided in the negative. The young physicians and lawyers who sit idly in their offices and lounge away the time "waiting for something to turn up," are by that course fastening themselves for life to the lower stratum where their struggle for a bare livelihood is to be perpetual. The first ten years are golden years that should be filled with perpetual reading and observation. Everything that attends professional excellence, should be an object of daily pursuit. To such men the doors of succcess open cf themselves, at last. Work seeks the best hands as naturally as water runs down bill. Young men dou't know much any way, and the time always comes to those who become worthy, when they look back with wonder, upon their good opinion of their acquirements and them? selves. There is auothcr point that ought not to be overlooked in the treatment of this subject. Young men look about them and see a great measure of worldly suc? cess awarded to men without principle. They see the trickster crowned with pub? lic honors ; they see the sharp man, the overreaching man, the liar, the dema? gogue, the time-server, the scoundrel who cunningly manages, though constantly disobeys moral laws and trampling on social courtesy, so keep himself out of the legal police, carrying off prizes of wealth and place. All this is a demor? alizing puzzle, and a fearful temptation ; and multitudes of young men are not able to stand before it. They ought to understand that in this wicked world there is a great deal of room where there's integrity. Great trusts may be sought by scoundrels, but great trusts never seek them ; and perfect integrity is at a pre? mium even among scoundrels. There are some trusts that they will never con? fer on each other. There are occasions when they need the services of true men, and they do not find them in shoals and in the mud, but alone and in pure wa? ter. In the realm of eminent acquirements and eminent integrity, there is always room enough. Let no young man of in? dustry and perfect honesty despair because his profession is crowded. Let him always remember that there is room enough at the top, and that the question whether he is to reach the top, or rise above the crowd at the base of the pyramid, will be decided by the way in which he im? proved the first ten years of his active life in securing to himself a thorough knowledge of his profession, and a sound moral and intellectual culture. Successful Fanning. The first aim and purpose of every bus? iness man, whether he is a farmer or a merchant, is to make money. There may be, of course, other motives connected with this, but undoubtedly the leading object and incentive to action is money. This may seem like taking a low or sor? did view of the subject, but if rightly considered, it is not. The law of our na? ture that impels every man to make his business a source of gain, is unquestion? ably sound and wise, and all that re? mains lor us is to regulate our conduct in harmony with that law. The man who pursues farming for any other purpose than to make it pay, is simply an exception to a general rule, and his success or failure is of little con? sequence to the world. But the intelli? gent farmer who perceives that under all the doubts and difficulties of his voca? tion, there still remains a clear margin of profit, who steadily works out his con? viction to a tangible result, and the con? queror's final success, proves his good sense as well as his capacity, and by de? veloping the possibilities of" his business sheds light upon it that gives a new value, not only to his own farm but to every farm in the country. The world never grudges to such a man the honest fruits of his labor, for his ex? ample is a public heritage beyond price. He shows that the occupation which feeds the human race is able to remuner? ate those who engage in it; that the suc? cessful farmer, while gradually accumu? lating an honorable independence, is helping to reduce the price of bread to the hungry. And this, be it observed, is not a mere abstraction, but a great agri? cultural fact. The farmer, for example, who succeeds in getting a large yield of corn, from an acre, and at a lower cost per bushel than ever before, thereby contributes to di? minish the market price, as well as to increase the abundance not only of this cereal, but of nearly all the products of husbandry. If he has been accustomed to get thirty bushels of corn from an acre, at a cost of fifty cents per bushel, which has been the experience of many farmers, and if by persistent effort, he works out a method that gives sixty bushels at forty cents, which has also been the experience of some, then his net profit, on a market price of seventy cents per bushel, is 300 per cent, greater than beforo. But this is not all. A saving in the cost of corn indicates a corresponding reduction in the cost of beef and pork, of mutton aud wool, of milk, butter and cheese, poultry and eggs. Keakty Breakfasts.?In a large majority of cases it will be found that the best and heartiest meal in the day should be eaten in the morning. If the closing repast of the day has not been eaten too late, or has not been excessive in quantity or indigestible in quality, the stomach will be rested ami active after the individual has enjoyed a cool bath. The stomach will then respond quickly with the necessary gastric juice for the solution of food, and if a fair amouut of exercise is taken during the day, a large mass of food will be assimilated ami con? verted into blood and tissue. With a good, substantial breakfast, no greater amount of food will he required during the. remainder of the day. One further meal will bo ample, and that might better be taken at from two to three o'clock in the afternoon, than at any later period, if business engagements only permitted it. The breakfast may be made from any kind of wholesome food, and the fewer kinds the better. The dinner should be light and readily digested, if sound sleep is desired and strong appetite and perfect powers of digestion next day. One "square meal" in every twenty-four hours is all that can he taken care of by many weak stomachs, aud more than this is in excess ami induces headache, nausea, and distress. If dinners wore abandoned, and especially lato and heavy dinners, myriads of dyspeptics would be cured. A Brave Old Soldier. He was nn old man and lie bad quite, a bad limp, and he remarked as he touched his hat: "All I want is money enough to get to Savannah. I feel that I have not long to live, and I want to be buried in that nice, cool grave-yard just outside of Savannah." The appeal did'nt open a single wallet. He was talking to three mcu who had found a shady spot under a Sroccry awning, and he" seemed a little isappointed. Pulling a new string, he remarked: '''Gentlemen, won't you do something for an old soldier?" "Were you a soldier in the last war ?" asked one of the group. "I was," was the prompt reply. "What brauch of the service?" "The heavy artillery." "Where were you staioncd ?*' "Well," slowly replied the stranger, as if he hadn't expected such a question, "we were sometimes here and somctiDies there. The fact was, our artillery was so heavy that we generally kept it on a hill. The Confederate govcrnnicut didn't seem to expect that us three or four men were going to drag a big cannon all over the country and whip the Yankees to boot. Yes, I was wounded in the left leg." "In what action," was asked. "I never knew what tbey named it; my business was to get up and hump and knock thunder out of a whole Union regiment at once, and you just bet I didn't have, any time to fool around and ask what they were going to name the battle. I went into the war to fight, and didn't I just throw myself, though?" "Did you throw yourself under a wag? on ?" quietly asked one of the three. "Sometimes I did, and sometimes I didn't. They used to let me fight any? way to win. I've fit from under a wag? on and from the top of a tree, and the boys used to call me the wild-cat." "They must have seen you 'clawing, to the rear,'" suggested another of the trio. "Very likely, gentlemen. Sometimes I could fight better at the fear, and I went back. Then I'd change and fight on the flank, and then I'd advance and mow 'cm down in front." "Where did you say you were wound? ed ?" "In the leg?just about there. The surgeon said that three or four bul? lets hit at once." "He honest, now, old man, and tell us if you didn't get that leg hurt in a mill or around machinery ?" "Great God! do you doubt my word?" gasped the man, starting back. "We do !" they replied in chorus. He closely scanned each face, and was in? dulging in gestures to show bow he de had fought bravely, when one of the men said: "Come, now, speak the truth, osd we'll raise you thirty cents." The old man turned to go, halted, hesitated, and then replied; "I suppose, gentlemen, that I fell off a building in Atlanta and hurt my leg, but it happened so durned close after a battle that I could never really tell whether the fall or the fight hurt me the most. Now please pass in your ten centses I"?Raleigh Sentinel. The Smallest Steam Engine in the World. An incident happened in Machinery Hull yesterday afternoon which is well worthy of recording, as it exhibits the un? paralleled advancement of Americau genius in small as well as great things. While a large throng of visitors from all countries were standing silently around the mighty Corliss engine, watching its gigantic movements with feelings partly of delight and partly of awe, a tall, gen? tlemanly looking personage, who after? ward gave his name and address as Levi Taylor, of Indianola, Iowa, joined the crowd, and with the others paid unspoken yet eloquent homage to the wondrous monster before him. After watching the motions for a few moments the gentle? man passed around to one side, and ex? tracting from his pocket a small tin case, took from it what looked like a diminu? tive alcohol lamp, and striking a match, started a miniature flame and placed the contrivance on a corner of the platform which surrounds the mighty steam giant from Rhode Island. At first glance nothing could be discerned over this lamp but a small excrescence, which looked more like a very juvenile hum? ming-bird than anything else, but a close inspection showed that what was mis? taken for lilliputian wings was the fly? wheel of a perfect steam-engine, and persons with extra good eyes, could, after u close examination, discover some of the other parts of the curious pieces of machanism. The engine has for its foundation a twenty-five cent gold piece, and many of its parts are so tiny that they cannot be seen without a magnify? ing* glass. It has the regular steam guage, and though complete in every particular, the entire apparatus weighs only seven grains, while the engine prop? er weighs but three grains. It is made of gold, steel and platinum. The fly? wheel is only three-fourths of an inch in diameter; the stroke is one twenty-fourth of an inch, and the cut-off one sixty fotirty of an inch. The machinery which can all be taken apart, was packed in films of silk. It is to be hoped that this wonderful piece of work is to be placed on exhibition alongside of its giant antithesis, but it is now probably too late to make an entry.?Phi/rt. Pre**. Troops to Protect Democratic Nkc;ik>ks.?The Now York World makes some admirable practical suggestions concerning the troops which Don Came? ron, acting under orders from Lieutenant General Zach. Chandler, will straightway proceed to distribute through the States of South Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi where, says the World, understand the truth. There are many localities where those colored men who wish to vote the Democratic ticket arc ostracised and threatened with violence by negroes, stirred up to such deeds by disreputable white men, who pocket the profit and leave their dupes to be killed. The troops are sent South to protect these colored Democratic voters in the exer? cise of the right of suffrage. Let them understand this. If there is any place where there is a probability that colored Democrats will be interfered with, let the local Democratic committee confer pub? licly with the United States Marshal on the'subject. Tf he then applies for troops, well and good; if he declines to do so, let his answer be made public; it may be of use later. If any Republican orator undertakes to deny that these troops are sent South to afford protection to the colored Democratic voters, ascertain why they arc sent and make his statement public. Every Republican declaration that the army "is to be prostituted to party necessities, is worth a thousand votes in New York and New England. Colored Democrats must and shall be protected in their rights and persons, if it takes every soldier in the army of the Union to do it. It has just occurred to us why we never hear of any steamboats named after U. S. G. Navigators arc superstitious as to names, and a craft so named would he liable to get stuck on a bar. conduct toward one who and Louisiana. Let the He's Nothing but a Farmer. There is so much truth in the folllow ing, which wc clip from the Farm and Simp, that most of the young ladies of our country may read it with immense profit. Young men, gallant young men, arc naturally inclined to conduct them? selves in such a way as win the esteem of young ladies. By a strange delusion, a large number of the young ladies of our country arc pleased with no young men except those whose faces and hands arc as soft and smooth as an infant's. The sun-burnt face and brawny hands of the farmer or mechanic arc vcrv disagreea? ble: "lie's nothing but a farmer," said u little miss, a few evenings since, as she scornfully curled her pretty lip, on being introduced to a fine, generous, open hearted young fellow, whose broad and expansive forehead was the symbol of his broad acres: "lie's nothing but a farmer." And who was she that looked thus disdainfully on one of God's noble men ? She was the daughter of a broken merchant, whose fortune had been ruined by the extravagance of a wife and fool? ishly proud daughter. Though her father's heart had been wrung by misfor? tune?and he had paid the penalty of extravagance by being incarcerated in the home prepared for criminals?his daughter had not yet learned the differ? ence between pride and worth, extrava? gance and wealth. The noble man who ate the bread of industry, aud looked every man in the face, with an indepen? dence which said, "I owe you nothing," was in her estimation "only a farmer. Did these foolish persons ever read their Bibles, they would find that God himself has selected his prophets and kings from among farmers. Noah was a husbandman, and planted a vineyard; Abraham was rich in cattle, and Lot had flocks and herds?insomuch that there was not pasture enough for both, and they divided the country. Lot selected the plains of Jordan, and Abraham took the billy country of Caanan. Jacob was a great cattle grower, as he presented Esau with five hundred cattle. Moses was a wool grower, and Gideon was taken from his threshing floor. Saul was a herdsman, even while he was King. David was a shepherd and was taken from that occupation to be King of Israel, and the ancestor, according to the flesh, of the Messiah. Uzziah was a cattle grower. Elisha was plowiug with twelve yoke of oxen (probably breaking up prairies, or turning up subsoil) when Elijah cast his mantle on him a prophet. And yet, though God has honored the husbandman?selected his kings and prophets from among the farmers?there arc some so foolish as to cry out, "0, he is nothing but a farmer!" Farming as a Business. As a business, farming has not ranked with other branches of business, such, for instance, as manufacturing and the like. It has been conducted loosely, without any special regard to order or system.? Few fanners think it necessary to keep a set of books in which to make entries of their transactions. No account is kept of the sales of stock, groin, etc., and none of the purchase of supplies. No notice is taken of the actual cost of producing a crop. When the end of the year comes they have very little idea how much they have made or lost. Now suppose mer? chants and other business men should adopt this slipshod policy of carrying on their business, what would be its condi? tion in a very short time? Would it not be miserably jumbled up? And would not this state of things lead to bankrupt? cy and ruin? The same argument why merchants should conduct their business upon systematic plans applies with equal force to agriculture. If the one is a bus? iness, so is the other, and if the one finds it indispensable to keep an accurate re? cord of its entire proceedings, so the other will find it equally important. The farmer will suffer aud suffer pro? digiously, if he never knows the state of his business. It is an easy matter for him to record every sale he makes or every pcrchase. There is no necessity of his being a scientific book-keeper to do this. Many of them have sons com? petent to do this work, and it is a good schooling for them. In England farm? ing is carried on systematically as any other business. No one pretends to con? duct his operations without a regular set of books; and many wealthy farmers employ book-keepers just as our mer? chants do. The result is that every farmer can tell at the close of each year, just how he stands, how much he is out, or what he has made or lost. The Paixi.ess Death.?Prof. Tyn dall, in a recent holiday lecture at "the Royal Institution, London, thus speaks of the painless death by electricity : "Franklin was twice struck senseless by the schock. He afterward sent the dis? charge of two large jars through six ro? bust men; they fell to the ground and got up again without knowing what had happened, they having neither heard nor felt the discharge. Priestly, who made many valuable contributions to clcctrici tv, received the discharge of two jars, but did not find it painful. This experience agrees with mine. In the Theater of the Royal Institution, and in the presence of an audience, I once received the dis? charge of a battery of fifteen Lcyden jars. Unlike Franklin's six men I did not fall, but like them I felt nothing. I was sim? ply extinguished for a sensible interval. Pliis may be regarded as an experimental proof that people killed by lightning suffer no pain." The measured velocity of electricity is many thousand times greater than the measured velocity of sensation in the nerves. Hence the electrical concussion reaches the center of life, without any posaiblc announce? ment by the eye, or car, or sense of feel? ing. There is abundant evidence that death by a rifle ball traversing the brain is for the same reason entirely without consciousness or pain. But a rifle ball is a tortoise compared with the electrical flash. The Ruhmkofl' coil places artifi? cial lightning in our hands. If society must kill its members let this instanta? neous doom be substituted for the slow torture and brute violence of the gallows. Nails ix Fiu'it Trees.?Nails driven into fruit trees, as near the ground as possible, arc said to have the effect of making such trees more healthy, vigo? rous and excellent than those into which no nails have been driven. The reason why nails arc so beneficial is thus ex? plained : The reason why the worm will not attack the tree is because the oxida? tion or rusting of the iron by the sap evolves ammonia, which, as the sap rises, will of course, impregnate every part of the foliage, and prove too drastic a dose for the delicate palates of intrt ling in? sects. The salt of iron afforded by nails is extremely offensive to the worms, while it is not only harmless but beneficial to the foliage and fruit of the tree. ? If women were as particular about chosing a virtuous husband as men arc in selecting a virtuous wife, a moral reform? ation would soon begin, which would be something more than froth and foam. LEGAL ADVERTISING.-We arc compelled to require cn>li payments for advertising; ordered by Executor*, Aduiinbfralor* ami other fiduciaries, ami herewith append ;he rates for I he nnlinaajr notices, wliieh will only be Inserted wh?n the money cum? with the order: Citation*, two insertion*, .... $X00 Estate Notices, three Insertions, - - -.'.oo FinalSettlemcnta. fire insertions - - .'too TO VORRESPOSDESK.?\n order in receive alt eat ion, communications must he accompanied by the true name ami address of the writer. Re* jet-led manuscripts will not In- returned, unless the necessary stamps are furnished to repay tlic postage thereon. Hi* We ar?- not responsible for the views and opinions of our correspondents. All communication* should bcaddresaed to "Ed itors Intelligencer," ami all checks, drafts, money orders, Ac., should be made parable to the order of llOYT A t o.. Anderson, S. ('. Superstitions. The moon is thought, by old wives, to influence the life of a child. Thus, the child born on the first day of the new moon is unfortunate in all its undertak? ings, and will live long; one born on the fifth day will be vain and deceitful; one bom on the sixth will live long; one born on the seventh will have a life of trouble; one born on the ninth will be rich ; one born on the tenth will be a great traveler; one born on the eleventh will be devoted to religion ; one born on the sixteenth will be grateful but un? fortunate; one born on the eighteenth will be brave; one born on the nine? teenth will be full of malice; one born ou the twenty-first will be strong and healthy ; one born on the twenty-second will be cheerful, but inclined to low socie? ty ; one born on the twenty-third will bo ungovernable, will forsake family and friends, and wander in a foreign country ?unhappy through life; one born on the twenty-fifth will be desperately wicked, and come to a fearful death ; one born on the twenty-fifth will be amiable; one burn on the thirtieth will have the same of all good gifts, temporal and spiritual. A baby's nails must never be cut till it is a year old, or it will be a thief. A child with a blue vciu across its nose will never wear its wedding clothes; should it chance to outlive its infancy, it will bring sorrow and disgrace to all be? longing to it. A babe that cries at its christening will live long, if you bathe it on Sunday it will be sorrow free; if on Wednesday, it will grow beautiful; if on Thursday, it will grow fat; if on Friday, all its sins will be forgiven ; if on Satur? day, it will be unhealthy. There arc certain other superstitions applying to grown people; if you cut your nails on Sunday, it provokes Mons? ieur lc Diable to such a degree that he'll shave you all the week, and lead you into mischief. If you clip your hair at the new moon, it will grow long at the full; as the moon wanes your hair will fall out. If you don new clothes ou a Sunday you'll be happy ; if on Monday, they'll tear; if on Tuesday they'll burn ; if on Wednesday, you'll have plenty; if on Friday you'll be unlucky; if on Sat? urday you won't live to enjoy them.? Everyone, silently or openly, is a little suspicious regarding Friday, yet few could give a reason. A Negro's Reason for Voting the Democratic Ticket.?Yesterday I heard an old negro explaining to a few of his color his reasons for having voted the Democratic ticket. Said he, as he made fierce gestures with his weather beaten hand, '"Yes, you're right; I did vote the Democratic ticket. Its the first time I ever did, and unless they run this gov'nient better than the Radicals have, it will be the last time. I propose to try 'em. Why is times hard, and why is dar no money in the country ? The Rad? icals arc playing smash with everything. I commenced to vote for the Radicals over two years ago, and ever since that time money has been getting scarcer and scarcer, and now I don't sec a ?10 bill once a month. I hain't got cents now where I used to have dollars when I com? menced for to vote the Radical ticket. We must have a change in this here business, or we'll all go up, white and black alike. Talk about the Radicals being friends to the colored men! Any man with half of one eye can see that they ain't friends to anybody but them? selves. They're artcr the office which draws them* big pay and takes all the money out of the country, and makes cotton go down so that a darkey can't earn enough in a year to buy a hoc-cake for Christmas. That's what they do. Who lent me a mule last summer to fin? ish my crop, when mine had broken his leg trying to get over the fence? Was it a Radical? No; they'd have seed my crop go to weeds afore they'd have did it. Fact is, mighty few of them have got any mules to lend. It was a Democrat who came to me and says: 'Joe, you've had bad luck; you will lose all your work unless you can get a nag to finish your crop. Go to my stable and get that old mule that's blind* in one eye, and pay me what's right for her when the crop is made.' I paid him like a man. When I was sick last summer, and didn't have a bite in the house to cat, who brought inc a hunk of bacon? It was this'ere same Democrat, and now when he wants my vote he can it. A man who sticks up to me, I'll stick up to him all the time." So saying, the ancient negro walked off, leaving his litter circle of listeners to comment upon his speech and digest his wisdom.?Daltun [da.) letter in Cin? cinnati Commercial. In Cases of Accipent.?Prof. Wilder thus tells what to do in cases of accident: For dust in the eyes, avoid rubbing, and dash water into "them; remove cinders, etc., with the round end of a lead pencil. Remove insects from the car by torpid water; never put a hard instrument into the car. If an artery is cut, compress above the wound ; if "a vein is cut, com? press below. If choked get upon all fours and cough. For light burns, dip the part in cold water, if the skin is de? stroyed cover with varnish. Smother a fire with carpets, etc; water will often spread burning oil and increase the danger. Before passing through smoke, take a full breath and then stoop low; but if carbon is suspected, then walk erect. Suck poisoned wounds, unless your mouth is sore. Enlarge the wound, or better cut out the part without delay. Hold the wounded part as long as can be borne to a hot coal or end of a cigar. In case of poisoning, excite vomiting by tickling the throat, or by hot water or mustard. For acid poisons, give acids; in case of opium poisoning, give strong coffee and keep moving. If you fall into water, float on the back with the nose and mouth projecting. For apoplexy, raise the head and body ; for fainting lay the person flat. A Delusion.?A young man who thinks he can lead a reckless and profli? gate life until he becomes a middle aged man, and then repent and make a good and steady citizen, is deluded by the devil. He thinks that people are all fools, and destitute of memory. He concludes that when he repents everybody will forget that he was a dissipated wretch. This is not the case, people remember your bad deeds and forget your good ones. Be? sides, it is no easy thing to break up bad habits in middle age that have been formed in youth. When a horse con? tracts the habit of baulking, he generally retains it through life. He will often perform well enough until the wheel gets into a deep hole, and then he stops and holds back. Just so it is with the boys who contract bad habits. They will sometimes leave off their bad tricks, and do well enough until they get into a tight place, and then they return to their old nabit. Of those boys who contract the bad habit of drunkenness, not one in every hundred dies a sober man. The only way to break up a bad habit is never to contract it. The only way to prevent drunkenuess is never to drink. ? Mrs. Gov. Smith, of Georgia, can cook breakfast for her husband when the cook gets mad and leaves for home.