Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.?Two BoLUUts per annum, and One Dollar for six months. Subscriptions are sot taken for a leu period than six months. Liberal deductions.made to clubs of ten or more subscribers. < uf~ \ SATBS OF ADVERTISWG.-One Dollar per square ol one inch for the firat insertion, and Fifty Cents per square for subsequent insertionslessthan three months. No advertisement counted less UbenScontrMts will be made with those wishing to advertise for three, six er twelve months. Ad? vertising by contract must be confined to the im? mediate business of the firm or Individual contrae "ooitulry Notices exceeding five lines, Mbutes of Respect, and all personal communications or matters of individual interest, will be charged for at sdTBrtising rates. Announcements of marriages and deaths, and notices ofa reh?^cn?acter,aro respectfully solicited, and will be laserted gratis. ? BY HOYT & CO. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY, AUGUST 1876. _VOL. XII-NO. 3. LEGAL ADVERTISING.?Viz are compelled to require cash payments for advertising ordered by Executors, Administrators and other fiduciaries, and herewith append the rates for the ordinary notices, which will only be inserted when the money comes with the order: ,, Citations, two insertions, '- - - - $3.00 Estate Notices, three insertions, - - 2.00 Final Settlements, five insertions - - 3.00 TO CORRESPONDENTS.?In order to recelte attention, communications must be accompanied by the true name and address of the writer. Re? jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless the necessary stamps a refurnished to repay the postage thereon. 49" We are not responsible for the views and opinions of our correspondents. All communications should be addressed to "Ed? itors Intelligencer," and all checks, drafts, money orders, &c, should be made payable to tbo order of HOYT A CO., Anderson, 8. C. OUE CEXTEXNIAL LETTER. hunting;- abound fob a cool spot? ? The Turkish Bazaar?The Tuni? sian Calf?Relics of the Holy Land^Wood prom Mount Olive? Heckee's Old Mill?Champagne ' on Ige?Ast, Science, Mechanics, and Agriculture wilting under a heat of 105? in the shade. Special Correspondence oj the Andernn Inkllijtncer. Philadelphia, July 27, 1876. , A week or two ago I started on art subjects with all the glory of inspiration. My soul was filled with the grandeur of my theme. Painters and sculptors were mj daily companions. Baracaglia, whose wondrous ichisel had created the "Flight of Time," had shaken me by the hand. Corona, $he author of "Love's First Mes? sage,''.had borrowed my tobacco poach, and had honored me by taking a smoke. I had loaned my morning paper to Baraci, and had invited Calci to lunch and lager; in fact, I was getting on swimmingly. I was rapidly arriving at that degree of nonchalence and artistic respectability which marks the man of travel and ex? perience, when up goes the thermometer to 105? in the shade, and knocks me higher than a kite. My collar wilts, my cuffs begin to crawl up towards my el? bows, unseemly shadings make the back of my linen duster look like a map of undiscovered Africa, where the big patch between my shoulders might stand for the Albert' Ynuze, and the. long line of perspiration dewn the middle, marks the course of the Nile from the outlet of the lake to the "Delta. It is well understood by scientists that there is a point where the thermometer fail v when even the sensitive qdcks?7er loses its power and becomes like a ball of stone; it is even so with brain; no brain can act in this fiery heat; eve:.y energy sinks down ex? hausted and overpowered before the ter? rible vigor of the sun, the like of which has not been seen for more than fifty years. Under these circumstances I thought I would do some light skirmish? ing in the open air instead of keeping in the buildings, which were very much like ovens. The Centennial Grounds teem with objects Avhich would make the place in teres^ang if all the main buildings were removed. Passing down the avenue that leads from the Horticultural Hall, a little beyond' the Gorerament building, you come to-the Turldsh Bazaar. The bufld ing is octagon in shape, and as a speci? men beck of - the -Turkish bazaar may be considered a miserable failure. Around the edge are seals called by courtesy di? vans, on which lazy fellows who have nothing else to do loll and. smoke, look? ing all the time as though they did not enjoy it a bit; occasionally sipping a very dirty, muddy coffee from very little cups, and not uufrequently you can see some young gentleman from the country, who wanted to tell the boys after he got home that he had seen it all, rushing out behind the tent to relieve his stom? ach .after enjoying the luxury of a Turk? ish-smoke. The Turks we have here are dirty, baggy, worthless looking fellows, and if these are fair samples of their brothers-on the Boephorus, the sooner the Servians wipe them out the better. Close at hand are some little booths, where are sold olive wood relics from Jerusalem and the Mount of Olives; they are cut in little crucifixes and rosa? ries, and all sorts of pious amulets, which are eagerly gobbled up by centennial visitors, because they come from the Holy Land, and are retailed by genuine Turks. I have no desire to shake any? one's confidence in the authenticity of the relics they have bought, but I am willing to make affidavit that one of the Turks, and in fact one of the most active, has kept a clothing store on Market street for several years past; he attends the synagogue every Saturday, and looks upon pork chops with abhorrence; how? ever, I must confess that when be gets on his little cap and his loose, baggy breeches, he makes a pretty good Turk. Across a few steps from the Turkish bazaar is the Tunisian Cafe, and if you will accept my assurance for it, it is an exceedingly big name for a very small affair. This, like the Turkish bazaar, is an octagon building, and ornamented in the most barbarous taste. On a raised platform on one side sit three as misera? ble looking vagabonds as you would de? sire to see?lean, thin, hungry looking fellows. - One plays on a sort of a fiddle, another beats a drum, and the third raises the devil generally with a pair of cracked symbols. Now, I am a lover of music, I took to it naturally; in my childhood my earliest musical investment was for a jews-harp, and this was supplemented by a drum, till most of the neighbors were struck with the extent of my musical acquirements; boot-jacks, tin pans, and old glass bottles frequently rewarded my | musical efforts. I merely mention this to show that I know what music is, and 1 I tell you of all the vile abominations in the way of sound I ever heard, this Tu? nisian music is the worst. I fly for relief from it to the gigantic fog-horn, whose terrible brag brings up the liveliest ap? prehensions of Gabriel; the filing of a saw would be positive harmony alongside of it, and a Chinese gong would sound like orpheus lyre. When I tell you that the horror of their instrumental music was supplemen? ted by the villainy of their singing, in which the chief element was the barba? rous discord.; you may judge that any place would be a relief from such torture, so I fled as dogs fly from butchers in China, and passing over to Agricultural Hall in search of a cool spot, at last I struck it. In the north wing I discov? ered an old wind mill, just such a one as Don Quixotte might have charged in be? half of the fair Dulcena. The giant arms were flying around and down, I sat upon the ground to enjoy the luxury of the breeze the^ created, meanwhile laughing at the poor wretches who were sweltering under a heat that registered 105?in the shade. I inquired the name of this benefactor of mankind, and found it was Mr. Hecker, of New York, the inventor of Hecker5s Farina, and Beck? er's self-raising flour. Not satisfied with raising, the wind on a hot day, he had opened a sort of public refactory, where cakes, puddings, blanc manges, and all sorts of delicacies were dispensed gratis j to the hungry million. The name soun? ded familiar like something I had seen or heard before, and on reflection I re i membered that riding on top of a stage through the Bocky Mountains, away up j among the peaks near the line where the snow never melts, I saw on the rocks on one aide, "S. T. 1860," and on the other, "Hecker^ Farina and self-raising flour;" and now here at the world's great exposi? tion I renew my acquaintance, and am indebted to the wings of his old mill for a gentle fanning, with the thermometer at 105?. A joke has just got out which has kept Philadelphia on a broad grin tor the last week. A Frenchman connected with one of the great Champagne Vineyards of France, took occasion at a public dinner-table, at one of our principal hotels, to assert that there was not a bottle of wine made in America fit for a gentleman to drink. An American gen? tleman sitting by asked him if he con? sidered himself as a judge; he assured him that he did. The stranger then of? fered to bet him a thousand dollars that he could not tell without looking at the labels, the different brands of established champagnes. The Frenchman immedi? ately accepted the bet, depositing $1,000, and agreed, moreover, to be blindfolded daring the trial. The American was to furnish the wine, and the loser was to pay for it; it was further understood that a generous sup? per was to wind up the festivities of the evening. All being prepared, a large party of friends were assembled at :a crack restaurant on Chestnut street, and the trial began. Cork No. 1 flew, and the moment the Frenchman got a smell of it, he knew it was Mumm. Cork No. 2, and he recognized Rhode rer. Cork No. 3, Clicot was easily discovered.? Cork No. .4, and Charles Heidseck was named without hesitation. Cork No. 5, and Versenay appeared like an old friend. Bets ran high on the Frenchman; all the Yankees were eager takers; the trial over, the- bottles were examined, and every bottle that was used was found, to come from the cellars of the Pleasant Valley Wine Co., of Hammonsport, State pf New York. The same company, that received medalfl at Vienna and Paris for the superior excellence of their wines. The Frenchman was furious, and it was only by the interference of friends that he was prevented from wreaking ven? geance on the crowd of his tormentors on the spot; a duel is talked about hetween the principals in the affair, so I expect next week to hear of pistols and coffee, supplemented by a coroner's inquest. ' ,After four dreadful days of insuffera? ble heat, on Thursday night we were blessed by a storm that raged for an hour or two with the fury of a hurricane; the lightning never stopped its lurid, glare for a moment, and peal after peal of thunder crashed about our heads with the roar of a thousand cannons. The result was, however, that Friday was one of the most delightful days of the sea? son. The attendance has been light. No returns are given from the tnrnstyles. Sun strokes have been numerous, but the medical department refuse to give any. information of the number. The Cin? cinnati Light Guard has arrived after its! very foolish and wearisome march of 800 miles under a torrid sun; they have been the past two months on the road; seven men have sunk exhausted by the way-side, and all the rest look worn and haggard. Next week, if the weather is cool, I shall return to the Art Gallery; rill then I am Yours truly, BROADBRIM. Extraordinary Offer to South Carolina Yotjhg Ladies.?The princi? pal of the Culpeper Female Institute, located at Culpeper C. H., Virginia, sends us a communication of special interest to young ladies who wish to obtain a com? plete education, but are unable to pay the cost. He offers to receive three pupils of this class from. South Carolina, affording 'them the best instruction in all the usual college branches, including languages and music, and make no charge except for board and washing, about $15 per month. This offer is made by the gener? osity of a benefactor who desires to re? main unknown, and out of the considera? tion for the circumstances of many fami? lies in our State from whom advantages to which they were once accustomed are now withheld by the hand of adversity. The Culpeper Institute stands among the foremost in the Old Dominion, has a full corps of teachers, and its location, in the far-famed Piedmont region, is unsurpass? ed. Those interested will address Dr. Win. R. Vaughn, Principal, Culpeper C. H., Va.?News and Courier. How to Get out of Debt.?To a young man in debt, Benjamin Franklin gave the following advice: Make a full estimate of all you owe, and of all that is owing to you. Reduce the same to note. As fast as you can collect, pay over to those you owe. If you cannot, renew your note every year, and get the best security yon can. Go to business dili ' gentry, and be industrious; waste ho idle moments; be very economical in all things; discard all pride; be faithful in your duty to God, by regular and hearty prayer morning and night; attend church and meeting regularly every Sunday; and do unto all men as you would that they should do unto you. If you are too needy in circumstances to give to the poor, do whatever else is in your power to do cheerfully, but if you can, help the poor and unfortunate. Pursue this course diligently and sincerely for seven years, and if you are not happy, comfor? table and independent in your circum? stances, come to me and I wijl pay your debts. ? A straight line is the shortest in morals as well as in geometry. HAMBURG fN CONGRESS. A Campaign Debate? Congressman H?ge Waves the Bloody Shirt. The debate in Congress upon the Ham? burg affair originated from an amend? ment offered by Congressman Smalls to the military appropriation bill as follows: "Provided, That no troops for the pur? poses named in this section shall be drawn from the State of South Carolina so long as the militia of that State peace? ably assembled are assaulted, disarmed, and taken prisoners, and then massacred in cold blood by lawless bands of men invading the State from the State of Georgia." This amendment provoked discussion for two days, but we are un? able to give a full report of the debate. Hon. L. Q. C. Lamar, of Mississippi, made an eloquent defence of the South, and we append herewith bis remarks: Mr. Lamar: Mr. Chairman, I do not propose to discuss or analyze this terrible and disgraceful affair at Hamburg, al? though I think the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Garfield) has not given a fair and impartial statement of the circum? stances in which it originated. But those circumstances are of no mo? ment here upon this question, nor are the provocation which led to the final fear? ful tragedy involved in the proposi? tion now before us. Nor are they in my opinion (and here I differ with the mem? ber from Ohio) the legitimate topic of debate or discussion on this floor; they belong to another tribunal to which the Constitutions of States as well as that of the Federal Government remits these subjects. Whether in the circumstances and these provocations the whites or the blacks were most to blame is a question to which I shall not now recur. Through all the confusion which has been thrown around this transaction (and I must say, notwithstanding the honorable character of the informant of the member from South Carolina, which I do not question in the slightest degree, his document was evidently written, and perhaps very natu? rally, under great exasperation and ex? citement), through all the uncertainty which exasperation and exaggerations have thrown around this subject, there is one fact which gleams out acknowledged, is indisputable. It is that a body of white men did without authority of law put to death a number of black men, who had been taken as prisoners; I mean who had been captured and deprived of their liberty, but who were not prisoners in the legal sense of the term, inasmuch as those capturing them had no right under the law to deprive them of their personal liberty. Now, sir, I wish to say here in my place?ana what I say here just as it drops from my lips and falls upon the re? porter's notes is at once Bent throughout the entire South, and every constituent of mine in every home and hamlet will read what I say; and even if I were base or ignoble enough to utter here what I would swerve from there, as has been falsely charged against Southern men, the Record would always convict me?in my place here and with the responsibili? ties surrounding me, I assert that no ex? cuse or palliation can possibly be found for these outrages ana this barbarism. [Applause.] As a Southern man and as a Democrat I have a remark or two to make upon this subject. Mr. Chairman, we of the South have a lawless class pre? cisely as you of the North have lawless classes. As a consequence we have riots in which human life is lost precisely as you have such riots, with this difference: Ours without preconcert flame up in dif? ferent localities aud are confined to short periods of time, while yours in more than one instance have held several counties in terror, have extended over months of time, and have involved a larger loss of human life, defying the authorities of your States. There is another.fact which I wish to mention. In those Southern States where disorders and violence occur there are governments of a peculiar character and type, invariably govern? ments of one character and type. They are governments which are called Re? publican governments, but it is a spurious republicanism which has no identifica? tion or sympathy with the views and purposes that have inspired the following of the great Republican party of this country. And, sir, those State govern? ments have invariably encouraged these disorders and these murders by their in? efficiency, by their imbecility, by their 'cowardice, and by their connivance, for they have in every instance not only failed to punish these murders, not only failed to administer justice, not only failed to execute the laws, but they have used the occurrences as occasions to appeal to Congress and to the North for help in maintaining the powers which they are so ruthlessly exercising. The gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Garfield) asked if it was a sporadic case or one typical of the general condition of things South. I answer that there is no com? munity in the South that is not thrilled with horror at such occurrences. Sir, it is a wonder that society does not go to pieces under the operation of govern? ments that allow such lawlessness to stalk abroad in the land unpunished. They are governments which live on violence and disorder, and when they cannot have violence they provoke ifr in order to use it as an instrument of politi? cal power. A word in answer to the argument of the gentleman from Michi? gan (Mr. Conger) Saturday, in all good temper. The use of the army never pro? duced any good effect in such cases as this. The troops always get to the scene of the disturbance after the occurrence and too late to prevent it, and as a means of righting personal and private wrongs, as a means of preventing violence to per? sonal security, the army is slowj cum? bersome, is ineffective, and almost use? less ; and in spite of the efforts of the | army officers to the contrary, whose actions cannot be too highly commended, it is converted into a monstrous engine of political oppression and corrupt politi? cal intrigues. Tbat is the only use to which it is put in the South. The gen? tleman must see how inappropriate the use of the army is in such cases. A riot like this in the streets of a town or village is not a thing for the Federal Govern? ment to intervene about, for it violates no Federal law, it does not conflict with national authority, it has no relation to the exercise \ of the right of suffrage. This was a riot like the riots which occurred in the State of Pennsylvania in the mining regions, or in Indiana, where, on the day of the last election, three or four colored men were killed; or like that which occurred the other day in New Jersey, where Beven men were killed, two of them put to death by ston? ing. Why do you not apply the same remedy there ? Why confine your Fed? eral intervention to prevent murder, and riot to one section alone? What is the remedy in this case ? It is clear. It is the duty of the Governor of South Caro? lina to take prompt and severe measures to have apprehended and punish the men who committed such a crime. He cannot use measures too vigorous or too summary to bring the men who shot down these prisoners in cold blood to a : swift retribution. I understand the elo? quent and gifted Georgian (Mr. Hart ridge) to promise the co-operation of the Governor of Georgia, if the case touches Georgia in any way, to bring these men ' to condign punishment. Is the Govern? or of South Carolina doing anything in that direction ? If he is he will meet my support and praise and that of the good citizens of South Carolina; but if instead of doing that he is rushing to Washington to invoke once more the demon of discord and sectionalism, to drag their material of passion through this Chamber, he will not be doing that which will prevent disorders in that State. I say, sir, if there is lawlessness, it is because these so-called Republican governments have been not only corrupt and lawless themselves, but also because they have encouraged it by giving it im? punity through their imbecility and cow? ardice, and often by actually inciting it. I say that wherever, as in the State of Arkansas to-day, the Governor has ruled with a firm hand and enforced the law, lawlessness has been crushed out and all citizens, black aud white, are alike secure. Governor Garland has in one year nut down the spirit of lawlessness in that State, and it is now as peaceable a com? munity as any in the country. I repeat, it. is not the fault of the people, whose property, interests and business invest? ments and industrial arrangements de? pend upon peace and order, and are utterly ruined by such disorders, but of Sovernments either too inefficient to put own crime or so much interested in pro? ducing tha? they furnish provocations to it. Why, sir, the other day Governor Kellogg, of Louisiana, appointed as a tax collector to a parish in that State?so I read in the press?a man who was a cap? tain of a band of murderers and robbers. If he had sent his police to hunt him down and shoot him like a wolf, him and his marauding band, he would have done his duty. But instead of that he legal? izes robbery and theft by making the robber a public officer, and when riots and disturbances grow out of such actions as these he comes here to Washington and calls on this Government to bring about order. Sir, these occurrences are ruinous to the South, they are unnatural and morbific elements, and disappear wherever this kind of men is eliminated from political and social control in the South, and management of affairs falls into the hands of her own people. "Our" Representative Waves the Bloody Shirt. In striking contrast to the effort of a gentleman and a statesman, we give the incoherent and inflamatory remarks of Solomon L. H?ge, the mis-Representative from the Third Congressional District of South Carolina, whose opportunity for wavingthe bloody shirt was not neglected. Here is the report from the Ckmgresswnal Record: Mr. H?ge: Mr. Chairman, in rising to speak upon this question, I will say that I had hoped the occasion would not have arisen at this late period, when I, as a member of Congress, should be called upon to rise in my place and speak upon the subject that now is occupying the at? tention of the House. I was in hopes that the time had passed in South Caro? lina when these outrages, these deeds of blood and murder could ever occur again. I was in hopes that they were forever passed. I can remember, Mr. Chairman, that in 1868, during the memorable election in the Third Congressooal District, which I had the honor to represent on this floor, there were nearly three hundred of pur citizens murdered, so that this outrage that has been perpetrated in Edgefield is nothing new in the history of South Car? olina. Over three hundred of my con? stituents at that time suffered loss of life by adhering to and advocating the prin? ciples of the Republican parly. But while this state of affairs has existed, I do not want to make the statement to-day in this House, nor do I believe it, that even in South Carolina all the white men who belong to the Democratic party are in favor of the murderers. I do not be? lieve that. On the contrary, I know there are many men in our State that belong to that party who are as much opposed to these deeds of blood and vio? lence as I am. But I do state to-day, and I stated from that knowledge that I have gained from experience, after nearly eleven years' residence in South Carolina, and having been intimately connected with the politics of that State during that time?I do state that there is an element in the Democratic party either controlled or partly controlled by the men who headed the band of murderers at Ham? burg, a party headed by such men as General M. C. Butler ana General Gary, and men of that class, who by their acts and their words, ? by their counsel to the people who do these deeds of blood, urged them on to commit these great crimes. While perhaps General Butler would be too much of a gentleman or too honora able a man to choot a negro if he had told him to run off, for the mere pleasure of seeing him fall, yet by bis advice these dirty scoundrels and murderers who did that shooting were actuated and encour? aged to do these deeds of blood; it was by just such men as Butler and Gary, of Edgefield county. Those are the men who advocated and recommended this outrage upon the colored people; and it was simply because they are members of the Republican party, because they can? not control their suffrages and get them to put them in office by their votes. They say to them, "You have to act with the Democratic party in South Carolina, or we will make you do it." The edict has gone forth that a black roan in South Car? olina must either vote the Democratic ticket in the future or follow in the foot? steps of those who fell at Hamburg. It has placed my distinguished friend from Mississippi?no, I do not know that he would allow me to call him that?it has placed him in a position to obtain a seat upon this floor, to be elected to the Senate. He says that they have peace in Missis? sippi and in Arkansas. So they have ; but it is the peace of the grave; it is lasting peace to the colored man and to the white man who dares to advocate those great principles of civil and relig? ious liberty that have been advocated by the leaders of our party?principles which came down to us from our forefathers, and which it is our duty to perpetuate and hand down to our children as a sa? cred heritage. There is this prejudice existing iu the minds of the white people where slavery has existed; it is one of the results of that institution. This opposition to the colored man and to his enjoyment of civil and political rights has come under my observation in South Carolina and other States of the Union having a similar state of society from the commencement of reconstruction up to the present day.? There is a deep-seated hatred against the black man. There is but one thing be can do to win forgiveness from his old master; that is, to bow down to him, to surrender all his political rights, and agree to vote the Democratic ticket. Mr. Chairman, the gentlemen from Georgia who have spoken on this question and condemned the acts of these ? men must not forget that some of the men from the soil of Georgia dared to cross the Savannah river and invade the sacred soil of South Carolina without any au? thority of law, without being called upon by its Government, and took part in these murders, assisting in shooting down pri vate citizens of South Carolina. And it is not the first time citizens of Georgia have crossed the Savannah river to in? vade the rigbta of black men in South Carolina. They have been doing it ever since 1868 up to the present hour. The edict has gone forth that thev intend to carry South Carolina, that tbey intend to do it peaceably if they can but by vio? lence if necessary, just as Georgia has been carried and is to-day under the con? trol of the Democratic party. The Chairman : The gentleman's time has expired. Mr. H?ge: I ask the gentleman from New York to allow me to ask to print additions to my speech. Does the gen? tleman object? Mr. Cook: I object to the printing of any libel upon the State of Georgia from any newspaper. The committee rose and the debate closed. THE COTTON PROBLEM. How shall the Farmern secure Paying Prices for the Staple. Cokesbury, S. C, July 21. To the Editor of the News and Courier: I have read with pleasure, as you doubtless anticipated, the communication of your correspondent "8.," in the News and Courier of the 19th inst. I welcome "S." to the ranks of those who for five long years have been laboring assiduous? ly to effect what he at this late day con? sidered so essential to the prosperity of the South. . Nearly three years ago the National Grange, assembled in St. Louis, and com? posed of a representative farmer of every State in the Union except Rhode Island, issued "a memoiial to the Cotton States," urging the cotton planters to diversify their farming and contract the area of cotton. That memorial contained these words: "If three million five hundred thousand (3,500,000) bales are grown, they will be consumed before another crop can be gathered, and a remunerative market Srice will be sustained by the consequent emand. If four millions five hundred thousand (4,500,000) bales are grown, the large marginal excess will control and depress the market. Is it not within the power of our organization to control this feature of our condition? Alternatives for success are numerous, but we need rely upon the single one of co-operation in the determination to subsist at home. With this end attained, there is no reason why we should not be the happiest, most independent and prosperous people on earth." This memorial was signed by the Mas? ters of every State Grange, from North Carolina to Texas. It has been read by thousands of indi? vidual planters, to hundreds of grangers in their meetings, and had a perceptible effect in many places upon the planted area; but, strange to say, a diminished area did not produce a smaller crop. Just in proportion to decrease in area was there an increase of effort ; a greater effort to fertilize, and an application of more intelligence to the production of the crop. The result was a greater yield1 per acre, and an equally large crop upon a decreased area. Mr. Editor, I am an advocate of co? operative effort in every general industry, and have labored for the Southern farm? ers until I have well-nigh reduced myself to poverty in my efforts to organize them for their own recuperation and prosperi ; and I am prepared to assure "S." at there is already extant an organized association of farmers more coherent, more unified and more powerful than can ever be created for any temporary relief from present ills. The organization of the Patrons of Husbandry is systematic, complete, and admitting into its ranks every man that could or would disinter? estedly Unite in the effort suggested by "S.;" and the subordinate branches of this organization meet monthly, and are in constant or direct communication with each other. Through them good effects might be produced; but even then it see-ns impractical, because our Southern farmers are loth to co-operate for any? thing, apparently, except their own de? struction. Out of the 40,000 farmers in South Carolina, only about one-third are members of the Grange, and about the same proportion are members in' the other Southern States. This one-third might move forward solidly to accom? plish the end proposed by. S." What effect would this nave upon the other two-thirds? And yet this one-third is a vastly greater number than would ever join a ''Protective Association," or be bound by its regulations. The platform and resolutions adopted by popular conventions avail but little unless tbey are the sentiments of a pre? viously organized body. Township and county organizations must be formed be? fore a State Convention can speak even suggestively. These conventions are ex? pensive bodies, and especially so in South Carolina; perhaps more so than in any State in the Union. In Georgia the farmers hold a semi-annual convention, to and from which delegates are carried free by the railroads? and during the con? vention private families extend the hos? pitalities of the town or city to?the dele? gates. Almost everywhere else delegates are transported at half the usual rates. In South Carolina a different policy pre? vails, and hotel accommodations are more expensive and meagre than elsewhere. Of all men, now-a-days, farmers have least money, and for these reasons the conventions advised by "S." would not be attended generally, or, if attended, would not sit long enough to effect the end proposed. The Georgia State Convention meets in Gainesville on or about the 7th of Au? gust. I suggest that "S." prepare a pa? per upon the subject he has so well con? sidered in your columns and submit it to that body. I will venture to guarantee it a warm reception and favorable con? sideration. If that body, in their wis? dom, should see fit to promulge a scheme by which an effort shall be made in any? wise whatsoever to relieve the depressed and oppressive condition of the Southern farmers, I p'edge my influence to make the same practical among the farmers of South Carolina. Mr. Editor, I have presumed to send you this article only because my name was mentioned by you in your editorial and by "S." in bis communication. It is with no spirit of dictation that I would speak, but so firm a believer am I in the power of co-operation that I say, if the farmers of the South will but unite they can exact tribute from the world upon the cotton question, and if the same solid, compact union were effected among the farmers of South Carolina, political as well as industrial redemption is near at hand, indeed, is now knocking at our doors and asking admission. Your obedient servant, D. WYATT AIKEN. ? "What would be your notion of ab? sent-mindedness ?" asked Rufus Choate of a witness whom he was cross-examin? ing. "Well," said the witness, "I should say that a man who thought he'd left his watch at home, and took it out to see if he had time to go home and get it, was a little absent-minded." THE "HAMBURG HORROR." Got. Chamberlain Considers It a Blot on the Civilization of the South. The folio wine is the letter of Go v. Chamberlain addressed to Senator Rob? ertson soon after the affray at Hamburg: Executive. Chamber, 1 Columbia, S. 0, July 13, 1876. J HonMT. J. Robertson, United States Sen? ator, Wathingtou, D. C.: Dear Sib?Your request for a state? ment from me of the recent bloody affair at _ Hamburg, in this State, was duly re j ceived. I have waited before replying until official reports and statements sh ould be received. There are now before me the official reports of the Attorney Gen? eral and the Adjutant and Inspector Gen? eral, the testimony taken at the Coroner's inqnest and the written statements of several other persons who were present ami witnessed the whole or parts of the affair. I will present to you as briefly as possible the leading facts as they appear from the evidences to which I have re? ferred. , On the 4th of July irist., a company of the State militia (colored) were marching along one of the streets of Hamburg. The street was over lOt eeet wide, and the company was marching in columns of four. While so mr-ching they were met by two young white men in a buggy, who insisted on keeping their course in the street without regard to the movements of the militia, and drove against the head of the column, which thereupon halted. Some parleying took place, which resulted in the company yielding, opening their ranks and allowing the young men to proceed on their course. On the following day the young men re? ferred to took out warrants of arrest against some of the officers of the militia company, who were brought before a trial justice for trial. The trial was af? terward adjourned till four p. m. of Sat? urday, the 8th inst. Before, that hour arrived on Saturday, many white citizens from the country around Hamburg began to gather in the town and armed them? selves with guns and pistols. The militia company in the meanwhile had assem? bled at their armory in the village, and at the hour set for trial the defendants did not appear. At this point it has been stated in de? spatches and newspapers that the militia officers having defied the authority of the trial justice, the citizens were called on to assist the trial justice by acting as his posse. Nothing of the kind in fact oc? curred. The militia failed to appear be? cause of their fear of injury at tue hands of the armed white men, and the trial justice, after formally calling them, took no further steps to cause their presence in his court on account of the excitement and the evidences of an impending con? flict. While affairs were in this condi? tion, there being, according to nil ac? counts, from 200 to 300 armed white men from the surrounding country in the town, a demand was made by the whites for the surrender to them of the arms of the militia. An hour or two passed in negotiations concerning this demand, the' whites informing the militia company if the arms were not given up in a short time?most of the witnesses say u. a half hour?the whites would open fire on the militia. The militia refused to deliver up their arms, saying that the demand was wholly unwarranted and illegal, and that they had reason to fear for their lives if they gave up their arms. A brisk fire was then opened by the whites upon the building in which the militia was assembled, and soon after one of the attacking party was killed by a shot from the militia in the building. A piece of artillery was thereupon brought across the bridge from Augusta, loaded with canister and fired several times at the building in which were the militia. This had the effect to cause the militia : to endeavor to make their escape from the rear of the building. . The town mar? shal of Hamburg, a colored man, who was living in the building, was instantly, shot by the attacking party while thus endeavoring to escape from the building. Twenty or twenty-five of the militia were captured by the attacking party and kept under guard for several hours. Finally, about two o'clock on the morning of the 9th of July, (Sunday,) after consultation among their captors and. with complete apparent deliberation, five of the cap? tured militiamen were called out, one by onb, and shot-to death in the presence of j a large body of their captors. The rest i of the captured party were either turned loose or broke loose and ran. They were i I fired upon as they ran, and three of them I \ severely wounded, me of them prdbahly j : mortally. Attorney General Stone thud succinctly reports this part of the affair: "Six men took A. T. Attaway out of the j ring. He and his mother begged for his life, but in vain. He was told to turn around and was shot to death by the crowd. David Phillips was next taken out and was similarly killed. Pompey Curry was next called eut. He recog? nized among the bystanders Henry Oet? zen and Dr. Pierce. Butler called on them to keep the other men from killing him. He ran and was shot as he ran, one bullet striking him on the leg below the knee. Afterward Albert Mayniart, Moses Parks and Hampton Stevens were killed. Stevens did not belong to the company." The Attorney General, who. has per? sonally visited Hamburg, thus concludes his official report to me: "Making due allowance for errors in minor details, the facts show the demand on the militia to give up their arms was made by persons without lawful authority to enforce such demand or to receive the arms had they been surrendered ; that the attack on the militia to compel a compliance with this demand was without justification or ex? cuse, and that after there had been some twenty or twenty-five prisoners captured and completely in the power of their captors and without means of making further resistance, five of them were de? liberately shot to death and three more severely wounded." Such was the affair at Hamburg. If you can find words to characterize its atrocity and barbarism, the triviality of the causes, the murderous and inhuman spirit which marked It in all its stages, Jour power of language exceeds mine, t presents a darker picture of human, cruelty than the slaughter of Cluster and his soldiers, for they were shot in: open, battle. The victims at Hamburg were murdered in cold blood after they had; surrendered, and were utterly defence-; less. No occasion existed for causing, the presence of a single armed citizen at Hamburg on the day of the massacre. No violence was offered or threatened to any one. It is, indeed, said, as usual, that "the niggers were impudent," but the evidence shows that all the actual physical aggression was on the part of the whites; that they made a demand which they had no right to make, and when that demand was refused, as it should have been, they proceeded to en? force it by arms, and crowned their suc ecss in enforcing their demands by brutal murders. Shame and disgust must fill the breast of every man who respects his race or human nature as he reads the tale. To me in my official capacity? wherein, as you will testify, I have done my utmost, at no little risk of my per sonal and political detraction from my political friends, to remove abuses and restore good government and harmony to our people?the occurrence of such an, appalling example of human passion and depravity comes as a deep mortification ana discouragement. What hope can we have when such a cruel ana blood? thirsty spirit waits in our midst for its hour of gratification ? Is our civilization so shallow? Is our race so wantonly cruel? Such acts call for condemnation and punishment. For condemnation as a bloody blot on the record of your race and mine, as a cruel affront to a race whose long suffering, patient forbearance challenge the admiration and gratitude of the world; as a shameful dishonor to the name of South Carolina. For pun? ishment as a violation of the laws of the State and a wanton blow at the peace and happiness of our State. I am glad to testify to the horror which this event has excited among many here who have not been wont to heartily condemn many of the past bloody occurrences at the South. Nothing, however, short of con? dign and ample punishment can dis? charge the obligation of society and our State toward the authors of this causeless and crnel massacre. Very respectfully, your obedient servant, D. H. Chamberlain, Governor of South Carolina. Gen. Butler Replies to the Governor through the New York Herald, and Excoriates the Slanderer. Edgefield, S. C, July 21, 1876. lb the Editor of theN. Y. Herald. I have just read Gov. Chamberlain's fancy sketch of the "Hamburg Horror," addressed to Senator Robertson; at Wash? ington. After a few rhetorical flourishes, bis Excellency says: "Such acts call for. condemnation and punishment." I en? tirely agree with him, and if he does not take steps at once to have them condemn? ed and punished, he should be -hurled from the position which his imbecility disgraces. I have been the object and target of Radical malignity, and assigned a position in this affair similar to that of Sitting Bull in the Caster massacre. I have been slandered and traduced by the Governor's emissaries for,, doing nothing more than my very plain and simple du? ty, and I now challenge him to begin his legal investigation. He knows my resi? dence, and he knows that'the:presence of U. S. soldiers is notjiecessary for my ar? rest, or that of any other whit nan who was at Hamburg. And befo.e that in? vestigation closes, if I do not show that the negroes were the aggressors, and the whites not to blame, that the emissaries of bis Excellency; were the instigators of the riot, and that his appointees could have prevented and did not prevent it, that the company called militia was not militia, but a band of rioters and high? waymen, and that he is responsible for it ?if I do not show all this, and show be? sides a condition of affairs at Hamburg under a Radical government pretending to be civilized, which would almost dis? grace the purlieus of Comassee settle? ment, I will undertake personally to an? swer for the death of every man, white and black, who fell in that riot. ! No man knows better than Governor Chamberlain that what he states in that communication to Senator Robertson is false in every essential particular. No one knows better than himself that he has published it in the bloody-shirt out? rage interest. But no matter whether he has or not, I make him a very practical proposition, and he shall not evade it. j High sounding phrases such as he in* dulges in, are better suited to another era. of our history, when people were more prone to be influenced by a sickly senti? mentality, when Radical cant and Radi? cal falsehood had larger and more will? ing and attentive audiences. The Amer? ican people are becoming eminently practical, almost prosy in their pursuit of. facts. As you aptly suggest in your editorial, "The Governor's campaign rhetoric is another thing. Let him hunt up the criminals concerned and punish them.? If as he says the whites of South Carolina reprobate the outrage,' let the Governor teat their indignation by punishing the offenders." The rhapsodies of a partisan politician, fatally bent oh perpetuating his personal.supremacy and the power of hit party, is one thing, and the manly discharge of duty by the. Governor, of a whole State, in the interest of all, is an? other. His Excellency ..has chosen the role of the partisan, at the expense of his official responsibility, ar.d if he does hot make good his oath of office, to see that; the laws are executed, let him stand con? fessed a charlatan who would gamble with the dearest rights of the people of the commonwealth, and barter away the fair name of the State, to the .end that D. H. Chamberlain may continue to wear the Gubernatorial robes of a State which he cannot or does not govern. Yours, &a, 'M.C.BUTLER The Toeoh and-thS Bloody Shiet. ?A committee calling themselves "Union Veterans," holding appointment from a convention which met in Pitts burg in September, 1872, 118818806(1811 address to the soldiers and sailors who served in the army ana navy during the late civil war. They are advised to or? ganize for service during the Presidential campaign, and are urged to come to? gether in mass convention at Indianapo-. Bs, Ind., September 20, 1976, to express their sentiments, &c. The Democratic party and the Democratic candidates for the Presidency are roundly denounced in this circular as traitors. They say "it's the old fight again; the same party and the same men are arrayed against you." The committee desire, they say, to organize campaniea, regiments, brigades, divisions and corps of boys in blue, with uniforms of hats, capes and torches. This precious document is signed by John A. Dix, Chairman; James A. Garfield, Chairman Executive Committee, and two Secretaries. In the names of the Members' Committee are to be found those of Major G. S. Merril and Colonel>S. L. H?ge. Does this mean the employment of force and fraud to carry the election at all hazards? The New York Herald has charged its columns repeatedly of late against Governor Tilden, seeking to place him in some awkward, position In refer? ence to the Hamburg matter. Has it nothing to, say to these incendiaries, who, in a time or profound peace? seek to re? vive and profit by all the animosities of the lato war??Columbia Register. ? A St. Louis woman aayB it is no worse to en circle a lady's waist with your arm in a ball room than to hug your friend's sister on the back stairs. No worse! Why, it is not as good! ? Robert Settle, a brilliant young Democrat, takes the stump in North Carolina in opposition to the election of h is brother, Hon. Thomas Settle, the Re? publican candidate for. Governor. ? This is the season of year when a man drops wearily under a tree and says to himself, "Live and breathe if you want to; I am tired of this thing." ? England is introducing schools of cookery with great success among the working classes, to the great benefit of morals and comfort. Gen. Wheeler's Letter of Acceptance. Malone, N. Y., Jnly 15,1876. Hon. Edward McPherson and others, of the Committee of the Republican Nation? al Convention : Gentlemen?I .received, on the 6th inst., your communication advising me that I had heen unanimously .nominated by the National Convention of the Re? publican party, held at Cincinnati on the 14th ult., for the office of Vice President of the United States, and requesting my acceptance of the same and asking my attention to the summary of Republican doctrines contained in the platform adop? ted by the Convention. 'A nomination made, with such unanim? ity implies a confidence on the part of the Convention which inspires my pro? found gratitude. It is accepted with a sense of the responsibility which may fol? low. If elected, I shall endeavor to' per? form the duties of the office in the fear of the Supreme Ruler and in the interest of the whole country. To the summary of doctrines enun? ciated by the Convention I give ray cor? dial assent. . The Republican party has intrenched in the organic law of our land the doctrine that liberty is tbe supreme, unchangeable law for every foot of American soil. It is the mission of that party to give full effect to this principle by "securing to every American citizen complete liberty and exact equality in the exercise of all civil, political and public rights." This will be accomplish? ed only .when the American citizen, with? out regard to color, shall wear this panoply of citizenship as fully and as securely in the cane brakes of Louisiana as. on the banks of the St. Lawrence. Upon the question of our Southern re? lations,, my views were recently expressed as a member of the Committee of the United States House of Representatives upon Southern Affairs. These views re? main unchanged, and were thus ex? pressed: ?... "We of the Nortri delude ourselves in expecting that the masses of the South, so far behind in many of the attributes of enlightened improvements- and civili? zation, are, in the orief period of ten or fifteen years, to be transformed into our model Northern communities. That can only come through a long course of patient waiting, to.which no one can now set certain hounds. There will be a good1 deal of unavoidable friction, - which will call for forbearance, and which will have to.be relieved by the temperate, fos? tering care of the government. One of the most potent, if not indispensable agencies in this direction will be the de? vising of some system to aid in the edu? cation of the. masses. The fact that there are whole counties in Louisiana in which there is not a solitary school house is full of suggestion. We compelled these peo 51e to remain in the Union, and now uty and interest demand that we leave no just means untried to make them good, loyal citizens. HoW to diminish the friction, how to stimulate the elevation of this portion of our country, are prob? lems addressing themselves to our best and wisest statesmanship. The founda? tion for these efforts must be laid in satis? fying the Southern people that they are to have equal, exact justice accorded to .them. Give them, to the fullest extent, every blessing which the government confers upon the most favored?give them no just cause for complaint, and then hold them, by every necessary means, to an exact, rigid observance of all their duties and obligations under the consti? tution' and its amendments to secure to all within their borders manhood and .citizenship, with every right thereto be? longing." .. The inst obligations to public creditors, created when the government was in the throes of threatened dissolution, and as an indispensable condition of its salva? tion?guaranteed by the lives and blood of thousands of its . orave defenders?are to,he kept with religious faith, as are all the pledges subsidiary thereto/and con? firmatory thereof. . In my j udgment the pledge of Congress of January 14,1875, for the redemption of the notes of the United States in coin is the plighted faith df the nation, and national honor, simple honesty and jus? tice to, the people, whose permanent weir, fare and prosperity are dependent upon true money as the basis of their pecu? niary transactions, all demand the scru? pulous observance of this pledge, and it is the duty of Congress to supplement it with such legislation as shall be neces? sary for its strict fulfillment. In bur system of government intelii Eace must give safety and value to the Hot. Hence . the common schools; of thelandshould be preserved in all their vigor, while,, in accordance with.'the Spirit of the constitution, they and all ieir endowments should be secured by every possible and . proper guarantee against every form of sectarian influence or control. There should be the strictest economy in the expenditures of the government consistent with its effective administra? tion, and all. unnecessary offices should be abolished. Offices should be con? ferred only upon the basis of high charac? ter and particular fitness, and should be administered only as public trusts and not for private advantage. The foregoing are chief among the cardinal principles of the Republican party, and to carry them into full, prac? tical effect is the work it now has in hand. To the completion of its great mission we address ourselves in hope and confidence, cheered and stimulated by the recollection of its past achievements; remembering that, under God, it is to that party that we are indebted in this centennial year of our existence for a preserved, unbroken Union; for the fact that there is no master or slave through? out our broad domains, and that emanci? pated millions look upon the ensign of the Republic as the symbol of the ful? filled declaration that all men are created free and equal, and the guarantee of their own equality, under the law, with the most highly favored citizen of the land. To the intelligence and conscience of all who desire good government, good will, good money and universal prosperi? ty, the Republican party, not unmindful of the imperfection and shortcomings of human organizations, yet with the honest purpose of its masses promptly to re? trieve all errors and to summarily punish all offenders against the laws of the coun? try, confidently submits its claim for the continued support of the American peo? ple. Respectfully, William A. Wheeler. ? "Carl Schurz," aays the St Louis Olobe-Dcmocrat, the leading Republican organ of the West, "is on our side this time, but we think we can win the fight nevertheless." ? A lady in St. Joseph, Mo., has be? come so accustomed to watering her flowers that she was out with her water? ing-pot in the rain recently, sheltered by an umbrella. ? It is given on the authority of a New Orleans paper that there is in that city a hog with his ears so far back that he can? not hear himself squeal. ? It is said that a coat of tallow ap? plied to rubber boots will draw out the sulphurvand render them much less liable to crack,