Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Mtx$on ?nttlU$mctv. JAS. A. HOYT, , E.B. MURRAY, > THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 18th, 1876. CENTRAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. A meeting of the Central Executive Committee of the Democratic party of Anderson County will be held at the office of the Anderson Intelligencer on Friday, 19th of May instant, at eleven o'clock a. m. All members are earnestly requested to attend, and where members have not been designated by Democratic Clubs, the Presidents arc invited to be present,- as it is important that every Club be represented. JAMES A. HOYT, Countv Chairman. THE STATE PRESS ASSOCIATION. . The annual meeting of the South Car? olina Press Association was held in Spar tanburg on Wednesday, 10th inst. At the appointed hour, the members assem? bled in the editorial sanctum of the Spartanburg Herald, and the Association was called to order by the President, Mr. James A. Hoyt, of the Anderson Intelli? gencer, who introduced various topics for the consideration of the Association, in? cluding such matters as pertained to journalism in this State as were deemed important. The confirmation of members elected by the Executive Committee, at its meet? ing in November last, resulted in the approval of the following applications: Messrs. D. F. Bradley, of the Pickens Sentinel; S. S. Crittenden, of the Green? ville Enterprise and Mountaineer; Rev. J. I. Bonner, of the Due West Presbyte? rian ; R. Means Davis, of the Winnsboro News. Applications were received from Mr. James T. Bacon, of the Edgefield Adver? tiser, and Mr. John S. Reynolds, of the ' Wintisboro News, and these gentlemen were uuanimously chosen as members of the Association. The Historical Committee submitted a partial report through Col. R. A. Thomp? son, of the Kcowee Courier, showing that the members were not idle in regard to the work entrusted to their care, and dis? closing the plan adopted for gathering material to write the history of the news? paper press in South Carolina. The Association took a recess until three o'clock, at which time business was resumed. The discussion of various matters occupied the afternoon session, including several important amendments to the Constitution, which had been re? ferred at the mornings session to a com? mittee, consisting of Messrs. R. R. Hemp hill, F. W. Dawson and W. J. McKerrall. An important change was made in regard to membership, by which the initiation ^fec is fixed at five dollars and the annual fee at one dollar for each member. The membership relates to the individual editor or proprietor, and not to the news? paper. At the conclusioi. of the afternoon session, the following officers were cho? sen to serve for the ensuing year: President?James A. Hoyt, of the An? derson Intelligencer. . First Vice President?F. W. Dawson, of the Charleston News and Courier. Second Vice President?T. Stobo Far? row, of the Spartanburg Herald. . Third Vice President?S. W. Maurice, of the Kingstree Star. Fourth Vice President?R. R. Hemp hill, of the Abbeville Medium. Fifth Vice President-James T. Bacon, of the Edgefield" Advertiser. Recording Secretary?A. A. Gilbert, of the Sumter Watchman. Corresponding Secretary?E. B. Mur ray, of the Anderson Intelligencer. Treasurer?Thomas F. Greneker, of the Newberry Herald. In the evening, the Association met in the Court House, where a large and in? telligent audience had assembled, to lis? ten to the annual address by the orator chosen for the occasion. The Spartan? burg Cornet Band furnished excellent music, and favored the audience with several charming pieces as a prelude to the intellectual treat before them. The President of the Association expressed great pleasure iu introducing to the citi? zens of Spartanburg the annual orator, Capt. F. W. Dawson, of the Charleston News and Courier, who delivered an earn est, practical and timely address upon journalism, which received close atten? tion from all present, and was warmly applauded for its just and true concep? tion of the mission of the journalist. The relations of the press and the people were freely discussed by the speaker, whose exposition of the duties impera? tive upon each class deserves thoughtful consideration all over the land. We hope to lay this address before our read? ers at an early day, feeling assured that it is worthy of their perusal. When the address was concluded, the Association returned to the office of the Herald, and proceeded to the transaction of business. Applications for meinker ship were received from Mr. A. M. Speights, of the Greenville Daily News, Mr. Thomas W. Brown, of the Charles? ton Journal of Commerce, and Mr. F. M. Trimmier, of the Spartanburg Spartan, all of whom were duly elected as mem? bers of the Association. Resolutions of thanks were adopted for the able and excellent address of Capt. Dawson, and requesting its publication in the Neivs and Courier. It was also ordered to be printed with the minutes. In response to an invitation from the editors and proprietors of the Spartan? burg newspapers, the Association marched to the Palmetto House, where a bountiful and elegant supper was awaiting tire members and invited guests. About fifty gentlemen sat down to the table, which was laden profusely with tempting viands of every description. Ample justice was administered to the feast, and the intel? lectual repast was opened by Col. T. Stobo Farrow, who announced the order of exercises as being confined to two regular toasts, after which the utmost freedom of the press might be allowed. He gave a sentiment in honor of "The Press," wkich was responded to by the President of the Association. Capt. Hugh L. Farley, of the Spartanburg Spartan, in appropriate and forcible terms, then toasted the orator of the evening, Capt. F. W. Dawson, who re? sponded in a graceful and eloquent speech,' which was received with vocifer? ous applause. Then followed wit and sentiment from every member of the Association, and a large number of the guests were called upon to mingle their eloquence with the editorial effusions of the hour. Carter, of the Lancaster Ledger, Hemphill, of the Abbeville Me? dium, Farley, of the Spartan, and Far? row, of the Herald, made notable respon? ses to complimentary allusions, while Col. McKissick, of Union, Col. Evins and Maj. Duncan, of Spartanburg, and many others assisted to enliven the occa? sion. The pleasure of the evening was genuine and unalloyed, and we are great? ly indebted to our friends in Spartanburg for the handsome entertainment, which could not be excelled in the State. In? deed, the members of the Association received every kindness and hospitality, during their brief sojourn in Spartanburg, not only from the generous and whole sonlcd editors and proprietors of the Spartan and Herald, but from the citi? zens generally of that thriving and active town, whose welfare and development will always be watched with kindly in? terest by the members of the Press As? sociation who were so fortunate as to participate in the annual meeting at Spartanburg. After the supper was over, a brief meeting of the Association took place, when resolutions of thanks were adopted for the generous hospitality extended to the members by the newspapers and peo? ple of Spartanburg. Also, thanks were tendered to the President for the manner in which he had presided, and the Asso? ciation adjourned to meet in Charleston at such time in April or May, 1S77, as the Executive Committee may deter? mine. The following telegrams of fraternal greeting passed between the South Caro? lina and Georgia Press Associations, which were in session at the same time: Spartanburg, May 10,1876. To J. H. Estill, Esq., President Georgia Press Association, Savannah, Ga. The South Carolina State Press Asso? ciation, now in session, send greeting to their brethren in the Empire State, and pray that the labors of the Southern press may result in the speedy establish? ment of Constitutional rule in every part of that beloved South to whose service the piofessional lives of the Southern" press arc devoted. JAMES A HOYT. President. Savannah, May 11,1876. To James A. Hoyt, President S. C. Press Association, Spartanburg, S. C. The Georgia Press Association, in con? vention assembled this day, return ac? knowledgment of fraternal greeting from the South Carolina Press Association, and tender heartfelt wishes for their suc? cess in their, labors to restore the pros? perity and honor of South Carolina, and wish them God speed in their work. J. H. ESTILL, Persident Ga. Press Association. An invitation was accepted from Hon. David R. Duncan, Presidont of the Spar? tanburg and Asheville Railroad, to ac? company him on an excursion up the line of this road, and the members spent Thursday and Friday inspecting the ? progress of this important work, an ac? count of which is given elsewhere. The members of the Association were invited to enjoy the hospitality of the Piedmont House, which is. under the management of Mr. H. S. King, and on Friday evening (after returning from the mountains) a goodly number sat down to supper at this excellent hotel. The en? tertainment was elegant and profuse, and the generous host was highly compli? mented by the Association for his exqui? site taste in the arrangement of so boun? tiful a repast. This house is pleasantly located, and every summer is filled with visitors from the low-country. The parting hand was extended at midnight, and the Press Association re? gretfully separated from the attractions and pleasure afforded by the second an? nual meeting, which demonstrated its value as a social institution, and furnish? ed the occasion for profitable consultation over the interests of journalism in South Carolina. SPARTANBURG AND ASHEVILLE RAILROAD. President Duncan, of the Spartanburg and Asheville Railroad, invited the mem? bers of the Press Association to visit the line of his road and inspect the work already done, which invitation was ac? cepted by a number of editors, and on. Thursday morning last the excursion party started from Spartanburg in ele? gant vehicles kindly provided from the stables of Messrs. Carrier, Mills & Carson. The expedition was gone two days, and we regret that limited space will not allow a full description of the trip, which was instructive, entertaining and agreeable in every feature. The weather was mild, clear and balmy, and the mountain roads in good order, so that the journey was made without unnecessary fatigue. The grading of the Spartanburg and Asheville Railroad has been nearly com? pleted for the first twenty-five miles, and we were astonished to find the light char? acter of the work. The line is upon a ridge ior that distance, and the grading is unusually light, while the road is com? paratively straight. The first obstruc? tion is a rock cut through Bird Moun? tain, or rather the edge of the mountain in a gorge. The work is under super? vision of Capt. Fagg, who is pushing his contract, and will speedily complete that section. Several miles beyond we visited the contract of Mr. Ephraim Clayton, of Asheville, who is a practical, earnest and intelligent worker, and one of the staunchest friends of the project. A few such men in any community will always insure success to any public enterprise. His work is admirably done, showing experience as contractor. Thursday night the entire party was accommodated with lodgings at the hos? pitable residence of Rev. Dr. McAboy, whose home is in a beautiful valley, at the foot 6f Trion Mountain, and on Fri? day morning we started again for the railroad line, reaching it at a point where the stockade is located. Two hundred convicts from the North Caro? lina Penitentiary are at work here, under the superintendence of Capt. Tanner, whose kind and humane treatment of the prisoners was manifest to every one. This is called the mountain section, and is the heaviest work upon the entire line. It penetrates Butt Mountain Gap, and is much cm 'nr of construction than wc anticipated. The convicts appear satis? fied and contented. Their rations are good and wholesome, while many of them greatly prefer their situation to living inside prison walls. This labor is certainly efficient, and their conduct as a general rule commendable. This is the costliest work upon the road, and yet the convict labor will reduce its expense vastly. Beyond the mountains, the line is un? der contract to persons in Henderson aud Buncombe counties, North Carolina, who receive county bonds in payment for their work. It is evident from the pro? gress already made that our friends will succeed in getting their favorite project completed to Asheville, and we cannot fail to commend their energy, public spirit and united determination. Their perseverance under formidable difficul? ties ought to stimulate and encourage the people of this section to make greater efforts to secure the completion of the Blue Ridge Railroad. Indomitable pluck and spirit will achieve success, and our neighbors have set us a good example. OUR WASHINGTON LETTER. Washington, D. C, Mag 13, 1876. THE POLITICAL SITUATION. Republicans in Washington have been somewhat disconcerted by the good will and harmony existing in the Democratic party, which they had expected to see divided and disrupted by sectional differ? ences. We no longer hear the sneering assertions, formerly so frequent, that the Democracy could not unite on any can? didate. They begin to sec that the Demo? cratic party is in earnest, and mean to win this fight. The widest difference exists between the advocates of Hcndricks and those of Tilden, and yet insinuations that the friends of Hendricks would refuse to support Tilden, should he be the nomi? nee, are treated by the most earnest sup? porters of the distinguished Indianian as absurd. The fight for the nomination will be a determined one ; but those who expect to see it followed by dissensiou after the nomination, whatever the result may be, will be disappointed. This de? termination to sacrifice sectional interest and personal preference to insure party success is fully manifested by the South? ern men in Washington, in and out of Congress. They are all, or nearly all, Bayard men, as far as personal preference goes; but they are almost unanimously supporting Tilden, because they believe him to be the only man the party can elect. Some of the warmest personal friends of both Bayard and Thurman, and some who are personally devoted to Mr. Hendricks, are pronounced Tilden men for the same reason. It is true that there is au exception to this genuine ex? pression of good will in New York State, where Gov. Tildeu is opposed by the frieuds of Tweed and the Canal Ring. These persons asserted that Tilden would not be supported by the State Convention. But the Convention endorsed him by a unanimous vote. A very influential mem? ber of Congress from New York stated to me, yesterday, that, aside from a few pol? iticians whose past record would make it impossible for them to receive any recog? nition from an honest President who kuows them, and has already sent some of them to the peuitentiary, the Democ cracy of the State is for _hiin, besides a large proportion of honest Republicans. "And," said my informant, "if this ad? verse clique had any power or influence, it would have shown itself in the Conven? tion"?which it did not. THE CHARGES AGAINST MR. BLAINE. The public is likely very soon to hear the facts in regard to Mr. Blaine and the Arkansas bonds. The sub-committee of the House Judiciary Committee have is? sued a suraraous for Mr. Harrison, of Indianapolis, with whom the reports originated. Mr. H. has telegraphed that he will come, and asks for a subpoeua duces tecum, for the books of the Union Pacific R. R. Co. which are now in Bos? ton. It is important that this matter should be explained and the opportunity is now offered. Mr. Blaine read a very ingenious defence in the House, yet has not seemed to court investigation as he ought. Let him meet and vanquish Mr. Harrison, or he is lost. U. S. SUPREME COURT. The Supreme Court of the United States, after a long and important session during which it has decided many cases involving great properly and political questions, adjourned on Monday, May 8, to meet in October. Prominent among its decisions were that in the case of the Osage lands, where the titles were con? firmed in present settlers?and that in the celebrated "Hot Springs case," whereby the Governmeut takes possession of the whole property, leaving all the claimants out in the cold. Probably the most, im? portant decision during the term, because affecting in its results the entire nation, was that rendered in the cases from Lou? isiana and Kentucky under the "Enforce? ment Act," passed by the 43d Congress. This decision, while not passing upon the Constitutionality of the Enforcement Act, virtually declared it nugatory, as not being, "appropriate legislation" withiu the meauing of the 14th Amend? ment. In accordance with this decision, proceedings against persons held for al? leged violations of the act referred to have, in several States, been quashed. The general effect of the decision has been to render that act a dead letter. THE NEXT CONGRESS. The interest of both parties has been so completely concentrated upon securing the control of the Executive branch of the Government during the next term, that the Legislative branch seems to have become a sort of secondary consideration. With a suitable candidate, who can insure the confidence of the whole from the start, there is no reason to doubt the success of the Democracy in the election of a President. That there will be any material changes in THE HOUSE, whereby the present Democratic majori? ty will be seriously endangered, it is not possible to believe. It is the habit of the Republicans to predict that the rocks upon which the tidal wave of Democratic success is destiucd to split, are investiga? tions and reduction. These men talk like surface politicians; and their opin? ions are radically different from those of the people themselves, who will, in fact, be very likely to make active participa? tion in these investigations and reductions bv Concrcssmen a condition precedent to their re-nomination and re-election. Besides, upon the general principle that "Revolutions never go backwards," it is hardly possible that the Democrats will suffer any considerable loss in the House of Representatives. In THE SENATE, the prospective gains of the Democrats may be calculated with reasonable cer? tainty, and in 1877 our party will assume control of that body. The Senate now stands forty-five Republicans to twenty eight Democrats, a majority of seveuteen in favor of the former. On .March 4, of next year, the terms of twenty-six Sen? ators?seventeen Republicans andnine Democrats?expire. States now sending Democrats will certainly return Senators of that party, thus keeping up the pres? ent number. The Democracy need a gain of only seven more Senators to be in the majority. Of these seven, five may considered certain. Governor Coke has already been elected to fill the place of Hamilton, in Texas; Lamar will succeed Alcorn in Mississippi; Clayton's success? or in Arkansas will be a Democrat; as also that of West, in Louisiana. In ad? dition to these four Senators, we shall gain another in Louisiana. It may thus be seen that there is every probability that the Democracy will have a majority in the Senate after March 4, 1877. The importance of this fact, should a Repub? lican President be elected, cannot be over estimated. In the protection of the country from the effects of ill-adyiacd and partizan nominations, so strongly illus? trated during the administration of the present incumbent, the benefit of an op? position Senate will be incalculable; as it wil l compel the Executive to use judg? ment and discretion in the choice of pub? lic officials, and thus save the Govern? ment thousands in money, and much in reputation, at home and abroad. Some of the doubtful States must give us two more Senators to constitute a majority; and I think thev will. . A. F. B. ? LETTER FROM WASHINGTON. From Our Special Correspondent. Washington, D. C, May 6, 1876. Judging from the slim attendance in the galleries of the Senate to-day, the interest of the musses seems to be cooling in the im? peachment of Belknap. Generally the ladies have been out in full force, but as Belknap lias daily been present with his counsel, and has been seen by the curious, they are satisfied. I noticed many of the colored citizens sandwiched among the white, and the aforesaid sable gents looked as if Uncle Sam had donated to each a small amount uf land from the color of their linen and smirchedness of person. Their efforts to keep awake during the long, dry legal ar? guments are very amusing. The Senate, however, is too select and aristocratic for the average civil-righter, and therefore the more congenial place is the House of Representa? tives. Belknap looks as if he felt the situa? tion ; that is, of being discovered in his peculations. He is a fine looking man, nearly or quite six feet, bulky in body, rather handsome in face, sandy hair and whiskers?the latter flowing over his ample chest?small blue eyes. He gives close at? tention to the counsel, and often winces under the home thrusts of the managers. Of course he is the cynosure of all eyes. Opera glasses are leveled at him from all quarters, and audible whispers are heard asking which is Belknap. When men fall from such positions of trust and honor they "Fall like Lucifer Never to rise again." It has been my observation that where a great man falls, a Te Deum is sung through? out the land. It seems a characteristic of human nature to help eyery one down the hill. Of course the strong arm of the law must reach cases of dishonesty, and punish? ment must follow as an example; but how many arc guiltless who fall under the con? demnation of the public and conviction of the law ? Manager Jenks made an able argument on the question of jurisdiction of the Senate over a man not now in office, aucl so logical and forcible is it regarded, the defendant's counsel will find it difficult to weaken its force. Manager Hoar, of Massachusetts, followed Mr. Jenks, and clinched every nail the other driven, closing with a scattering piece of in? vective at the grave yet mean offences of the accused. The Woman's Centennial Suffrage Bill was presented to the House Committee on District Affairs this morning at ten o'clock. Mrs. Sara J. Spencer, wife of the Principal of the Spencerian Business College, made a forcible and elegant argument, placing the question in a new light; but the committee fail to sec it. Mrs. Spencer remarked that S. S. Cox was a progressive man, for he said his wife did not believe in woman suffrage, but he represented his mother-in-law, who had enlarged views on the subject. Mr. Stevens remarked that Cox was quite a small man to undertake such a responsibility. The committee ordered Mrs. Spencer's argu? ment to be printed and sent to the House and Senate. Among the ladies was Dr. Mary Walker. When you first see the upper half of her person you would exclaim, "What a funny little woman," and when you drop your eyes to the other half you will exclaim, "What a funny little man ;" in other words, she wears pants, latest style, cut on the bias, I should judge; the skirt of a man's coat, a cape, and ladies' hat. She is a monomaniac on that subject; says no one should dictate her style of dress. She has great courage to stand the jeers of the boys who assail her whenever she appears on the streets. Don 1'cdro is expected here Sunday, and it is very probable every time Iiis Royal Highness coughs or has occasion to use his royal handkerchief the startling fact will be communicated throughout the length und breadth of this Republic. August Brazil has had the good sense to snub the snobbery of tin's country. Vernon building, on Pennsylvania avenue and Tenth Street, in its upper stories, is full of Artists, each having a studio. To attract attention to their works and awaken art in? terest, they have inaugurated periodical re? ceptions. One of these it was my good for? tune to attend last week. Crowds of ladies and gentlemen went from room to room viewing the works of the different exhibitors. Thus the merits of each arc judged accord? ing to the capacity of the beholders. It wus a charming affair to lovers of art. Although not a connoisseur of art, I was delighted with the beautiful landscapes, ocean views, . and life-like portraits. Mr. W. 0. Browne, well known in North and South Carolina, contributed largely of his portraits. His work is acknowledged to be the finest in tho city. He has painted a portrait of Senator Ransom, of North Carolina, which issoncar life in expression that when near you would like to be presented.' HAMILTON. ? May 10th was the anniversary of the death of Stonewall Jackson. ? Atlanta will be favored by a visit from the Emperor and Empress of Bra? zil. ? The Republicans of West Virginia have elected delegates to the National Convention, and adopted resolutions favorable to Blaine. For the Anderson Intelligencer. A Sketch of the Outside and Inside View of the Use and Manufacture of Commercial Fertilizers by a P. H. D. 8. Messrs. Editors: In writing on the above subject, I feel very much like I imagine Gul? liver did in the old fable, when lie was left on the land inhabited by giants j or like a ficc among the big dogs. Any way, while I am talking about commercial fertilizers, I have walked out among the big folks, and must watch how I growl, or I may be took up and shook a little. In a natural way I will commence on the outside view, that is, DJ wc farmers general? ly look upon the use and manufacture of fertilizers. The first guano I ever saw, my father brought home with him from a wagon trip to and from Augusta, Ga., about the year 1353. I remember having stood by and saw him put it all, which was about a pint, under two hills of corn. He said it was a wonderful tiling, and would make almost any tiling grow everywhere. I was then a tolerably large barefoot boy, and of course was desirous of having some early whiskers, and asked him if he thought it would make whiskers grow. Now, some of us expect as unreasonable things of guano to-day as wc did then. When we get a bag of guano, our conduct about it and with it would lead a stranger to it to think it a bag of salvation; but it sometimes proves to be the reverse of salvation?damnation. Why this? 'Tis from various causes. Failure comes oftener from not having a knowledge of its use than any other. Sometimes, we arc miserably swindled. It is a well authenticated fact that some fertilizers sold in this country for fifty dollars per ton do not contain ten dol? lars worth of commercial value to the farm? er, although the agent who sells this stuff may be, and is very often, as badly duped in it as the man who buys it for use. The agent in selling it reads over to the farmer or local agent who buys it his tags, or refers him to the brand on his sacks, which reads to sonic of us fanners about like the hand Writing on the wall before Bclshazzar did to him, or sonic of tlio.se labels on the large bottles in the drug store?all dog latin to us; or the agent may hand you a whole news? paper full of certificates about his guano. Now, in order to prove that some of it is not worth more than ten dollars per ton, it is not necessary to doubt any one of these certificates. For illustration, one dollar's worth of sulphate of lime, common plaster, sown on an acre of grass has been known actually to double the yield. Sometimes it may be one thing lacking, sometimes anoth? er, and sometimes it may be many, which we will now try to more fully explain in the inside view. "Cut the coat according to the cloth," is the illustration I will use at this place, for nature always cuts her coat according to the cloth. Suppose you were going to have a coat made, and go buy a bolt of lining, a whole card or box of buttons, and a quanti? ty of all sorts of thread, and but three yards of the coat cloth, why the tailor sees at once you havn't cloth enough for any kind of coat but a short one, and acts accordingly, by making you a short coat. Now, nature understands her business in the same way the tailor does his. Nature acts according to the means in hand, and if any one of the constituents necessary to grow the plants be lacking, or in too small quantity to make a full crop, of course a full crop will not be made, no matter what sort of seasons or working the crop may get. We may spend fifty dollars to get ten dollars worth of some lacking material in the soil, as wc did buy largely of the lining and other materials, and did not get enough cloth?the truth is, wc do not understand our business. Farm? ers, study your business; make your occu? pation a profession. It is not necessary for the farmer to consult the chemist or geolo? gist and get him to analyze the soil in order to see what it needs to grow certain plants. The analysis of the soil is not every time satisfactory; it tells you what is in the soil, but it cannot say whether it is all in an available form or not. The best way to find out what is lacking is to gather up a knowl? edge of previous condition and treatment of the land?learn what kind of manure has been applied, if any, what crops'havc been taken off the land, and whether they were good ones or not; if the land did produce a good crop of any kind, and is now failing, it is evident that you must return to the soil some of those ingredients contained in the plant taken off. Here is where agricultural chemistry is of use to the farmer; it tells you what is contained in all agricultural plants, also'what is contained in all manures, and many other things of the highest impor? tance to the farmer. If the land does not produce a good crop of any kind, it needs all the ingredients found in a high grade fertilizer, probably with the addition of humus, leaf mould or something to hold moisture, and in sandy soil we need carbon, or red clay, to retain the fertilizer. On land that has been previ? ously highly manured with stable manure, cotton seed, or any of the highly ammonia ted manures, dissolved bone, I have found, will do equally as well as the more costly ammoniated fertilizers. Experiments on a small scale arc a good way to learn, but when practiced on a large scale, I found it to be very costly. Once I lost about one hun? dred and fifty dollars in one effort to grow a crop of corn with commercial fertilizers, when, if I had spent a few dollars in good agricultural books, I might have saved the money and learned the same thing, though when wc pay high for learning in this way, we remember it better, this is the consola? tion I have left. Space and time makes me unwillingly leave these subjects unfinished. Wc will now take an inside view of the manufacturing of commercial fertilizers. I have frequently heard men of note, who ought to have known better, make the re? mark that the highest grade fertilizers do not cost the factory more than ten or twelve dollars per ton. 'Tis left for me or some one else to say that such gentlemen do not know the principles of the manufacturing, or what constitutes a high grade fertilizer. We pay five to six dollars per ton to get our wheat ground, after carrying it to the mill. Now, it surely does cost at least twice as much to grind a phosphate rock as large and hard as they are, to the fineness of meal or flour. In the first place, the phosphate rocks are brought or delivered to the factory for so much, then they are dried by a process, then put through a powerful crushing ma? chine, then into the mill stone for grinding. When it comes out of the mill it is called bone meal, bone flour or hone dust, owing to its degree of fineness, (it will be remem? bered that all these phosphate rocks were, and are yet, the remains of the bones of an? imals.) 'Tis seen that bone meal will cost much more than ten dollars per ton. After we get the ground bone we have only the base, or ground work of a high grade fertil? izer. We add to the ground bone a certain quantity of sulphuric acid to melt or dissolve it. 'Tis then called dissolved bone or acid phosphate. To the dissolved bone we add ammonia and sometimes potash. Granting the quantity supplied in proper proportions, we have a high grade fertilizer. The sul? phur and nitrate used in making the sulphu? ric acid, and the muriate of potash, from which potash is gotten, are all imported from foreign countries, and must cost some? thing to get them. The ammonia is gener? ally obtained from meat scraps of the pork houses, Peruvian guano or fish scraps. All these add something to the cost of manu? facturing a high grade fertilizer. I now make an effort to show how wc are swindled by the adulterations. Of all the games of swindling, that of the manufac? turing of commercial fertilizers are the easi? est played. Our State authorities have made an imperfect effort to protect the farmers from tliis imposition, by appointing a State inspector of fertilizers. Now, if the inspector were to carry out the work iu the rigid man ncr'tbat his duty requires him, much good might be done, but from our observation in materials coming from under tags with his signature on them, leads us to have a loud suspicion that something is wrong some? where. The strength or quality of a fertilizer can? not be told by either the color or smell. The color comes from the absorbent used? sulphate of lime, allumina and carbon are the ones commonly used. Sulphate of lime, common plaster, leaves it in its natural color; allumina, common red clay color; carbon and charcoal dust leaves it black. If sulphuric acid be used in the manufacture to properly dissolve the bone, it leaves or forms a residue of sulphate of lime in a sufficient quantity to absorb all, or at least three per cent., of ammonia. So, if we ad? mit this, I can see no use of buying these other materials, and paying at the rate of $40 or $.50 per ton for them, when we have them lying around loose on all our farms. Allumina is nothing more than common clay; carbon can be had from charcoal, woods earth or any decayed vegetable mat? ter. All these arc "good things for the soil, also good absorbents of both ammonia and water, but the ammonia is in a more volatile form' in the shape of carbonate than sul? phate. This is one reason why the dark articles generally smell stronger than the others. The prime object of using what some call absorbents, is to absorb money out of the farmer's pocket It is a very easy matter to take marl, plas? ter, red clay and cbaicoal, or cither of these with charcoal, with the addition of a few dead rats, cats or something else, and make a fertilizer equal in smell or rich looks as a high grade fertilizer. So it will be seen that buying guano is very much like buying sausage. You don't know how many pups or cats arc in the sausage; so it is in buying guano. See that you buy from a good, reli? able firm or factory, with a sufficient guar? antee to operate upon if necessary. If we can so manage as to have our fertilizers tes? ted in our county, the above precautions are not necessary. We farmers arc partly in fault in getting swindled with guano?we ask for something cheap and we get it. We may go into a store to buy a pair of pants; the clerk will price them to us from $2 to $8, but in this case we know why they arc higher, but in the case of the fertilizers we are slow to learn. There is nothing like knowing what you want first, and then buying it as cheap as you can, but be sure you get it. If a company or factory send out a good article this season, it is no guarantee that they will do so next, unless they are a strictly relia? ble firm. I have noticed that some firms in praising their fertiliser, speak of its doing as mucli if not mora good the second and even the third year than the first. This shows that the article is in a low state of solubility, and will not become of use to the plant until the acids of the earth have de? composed it or made it in an available form, fit for the use of plants. Bone mearwill show on land for five years for the same reason. When this is the case it lacks sul? phuric acid, which would dissolve it and make it all, or nearly so, of use to the plant at once. Again, I have heard them say guano was made from pure South American or some other big bone far away from home. Now, a bone or bone phosphate of lime is the same thing in^South Carolina as it is in South America. I will now say to my fellow farmers that I am with you in all efforts to do good in buying guano as cheap as it can be had, and preserve its quality, but if the reckless ef? forts in buying cheap stuff, disregarding quality, continues, we will soon run it into a genuine article of marl, or something worse, and thereby injure if not break down the more honorable factories, and at the same time do a great injury to ourselves, the agriculturist, the great driving wheel of all the civilized world. I am very truly yours, P. H. D. S. P. S. You don't know what P. H. D. S. is, ha? An old fashioned farmer would call it "pumpkin head digger of the soil," but the modern scientific farmer would call it "Pa? tron of Husbandry doctor of the soil." [advertisement.] Republicanism in Anderson County. Anderson, May 9. 1876. Editors of the Union-Herald, Columbia S. C. In accordance with a resolution passed at a meeting of the republicans of the town of Anderson and vicinity, I forward you the following preamble and resolutions, and re? quest that vou publish them. JOHN E. COCHRAN. Whereas a vacancy has occurred in the board of county commissioners for the County of Anderson, by the death of Wm. E. Leavell, a good and just man, in our opinion and one who attempted to do his whole duty whilst in office; and whereas it is incumbent upon every voter and citi? zen to use Iiis influence in filling this ap? pointment to secure the services of the best man possible; and whereas we, as republi? cans, desire in every public act to show to the citizens of this County, and the whole state, that we arc not mere blind partisans, or actuated by political or personal predju dice, but will support a good, capable and honest man for office, no matter of what political party, when in our judgmht he is the best man, and the best suited to fill said office in the interests of the people, and fur? ther to show that the republican party, com? posed largely of colored men, arc not op? posed or unfriendly to those who desire to increase the labor of the country by the in? troduction of good, honest and intelligent white labor from other countries, we pro? pose to recommend a person to fill the va? cancy referred to who advocates the policy of immigration of good people, and who now employs none but white laborers, but, notwithstanding this, we believe him to be the most suitable person to fill said vacancy, and by his untiring energy, his wise econo? my and acknowledged capacity bring about and practically effect that much needed re? form in county affairs so emphatically pro? nounced as we sec in the public proceeding of the Hunter's Spring Democratic Club, our whole object being to secure good offi? cials and to snow that the Republicans of Anderson county mean to support and re commend for office those only who arc conspicuous for honesty and capacity; there? fore, Resolved, That we earnestly recommend to his excellency Governor D. H. Chamber? lain that he appoint Mr. B. F..Crayton to fill the vacancy in the board of county com? missioners for Anderson County, believing him to be the most suitable person for such appointment from his great experience, business capacity and genuine conservative political principles. Resolved, That a copy of these resolutions be forwarded by the chairman of this meet ing to his excellency Governor D. H. Chamberlain and Mr.'B. F. Crayton, also to the Columbia Union-Herald Anderson In? telligencer and Anderson Journal, with a re? quest that they publish the same. JOHN R. COCHRAN, Chairman. "ann?uncemeVts. FOR SCHOOL COMMISSIONER. jZ3?- The many friends of DR. W. G. BROWNE respectfully nominate him as- a suitable candidate for School Commissioner of Anderson County?subject to the action of the Democratic party. ?Sf- The friends of Mr. ANDREW J. WATT respectfully recommend him as a suitable person for School Commissioner of Anderson County?subject to the nomina? tion of the Democratic Party. ?sf~ The many friends of J. L. TRIH BLE, Esq., recommend him as suitable for the office of County School Commissioner ?subject tu the Democratic nomination. FOR SHERIFF. ?S* The friends of JAMES 11. McCON NELL respectfully announce him as a can? didate for Sheriff of Anderson County at the next election. The many friends of W. T. GRUBBS announce him as a suitable person for the office of Sheriff at the next' ensuing elec? tion. Help ouronc-arni Confederate soldier. ?Sr The friends of SAM'L E. MOORE nominate him as a suitable person for the office of Sheriff at the next election. He is therefore nominated for primary election, and if nominated by it he will be a candi? date, but under no other circumstances will he consent to run for the office. MARKETS. Anderson, May 17, 187G. Cotton market dull, and unchanged. Mid? dlings, 101 to 10i cents. Charleston, May 13, 187G. Cotton1 quiet?Middling 113. New York, May 15. Cotton firm?middling 12 3-16@12g. Tribute of Respect. To the W. P., Officers and Member* of Belton Division, No. 91, & of T. : Again has death invaded our circle, and stricken down in the prime of his life, and in the midst of his usefulness, one who had illustrated on the field of battle the highest qualities of the soldier and patriot; in the Church of Christ, the modest virtues.of the true Christian; in official station, the admirable quali? ties ot efficiency, conscientiousnes and probity; in civil and social life, the en? dearing gentleness, humility and unob? trusive kindness, that so wins upon the heart; and in the Temperance cause, a Love that was unquenchable, a Purity that was stainless, and a Fidelity that was unwavering. Such a citizen, sol? dier, Christian, officer and Son of Tem? perance was WM. M. LEA YELL. Resolved, That Bolton Division, No. 92, Sons of Temperance, bows in reverent submission to tho dispensation of Al? mighty God, in calling hence our depar? ted brother, Win. M. Leavell, yot we will hold in reverence his memory, and strive to emulate his virtues. Resolved, That our tenderest sympa? thies are tendered to his brothers and sisters, and aged parents, over their ir? reparable loss. Resolved, That tho Recording Scribe dedicate a blank page in our Record Book to the memory of our departed brother, and that a copy of these resolu? tions bo furnished his parents, and a copy be sent to the Anderson Intelligencer for publication. W. D. WILKES,) W. H. TODD, [Com. W. F. COX. J To the H*. P., Officers and Members of Belton Division, No. 92, & of T.. Whereas, it has pleased Almighty God to remove from our midst, and transfer, as we trust, to a more genial clime, our friend and brother, J. K. ACKER, who departed this life on tho?ultimo: and whereas, it becomes us as Sons of Tem? perance to give some evidence of our re? spect for him personally, and of our high appreciation of him as a member of this Division. Therefore, be it Resolved, That in tho death of Bro. Acker, the Temperance cause, has sus? tained the loss of a zealous and efficient' worker, and the community an energetic and estimable citizen ; and that while we deeply feel the loss we have sustained, yet we bow with submission to the man? date of the Great Patriarch above. Resolved, That his faithful adherence to the principles of our order while a mem? ber, and the uprightness and honesty of his life afford us an example worthy of | imitation. Resolved, That we extend to his bereaved family our warmest sympathies. Resolved, That these resolutions be spread upon the minutes of the Division and that a copy be furnished the family of the deceased, and a copy to the Ander? son Intelligencer for publication. W. D. WILKES, *) W. H. TODD, \ Com. W. F. COX. J Tribute or Respect. At a meeting of the Board of County Com? missioners held the 11th day of May, 1876, the following preamble and resolutions were | adopted : Whereas, it hath pleased Almighty God, in the dispensation of an Allwise Provi? dence, to remove from our midst our brother Commissioner WM. M. LEAVELL in the j prime of life, and in the midst of an honora? ble and useful career. Therefore be it Resolved, That in the death of WM. M. LEAVELL, the State has lost an useful and valued citizen, the County of Anderson a zealous and faithful public officer, the com? munity one whom it delighted to honor, and his family a dutiful and affectionate son and brother, conscientious and consistent in all his acts public and private. Resolved, That we tender our hcart-fclt | sympathy to his afflicted and sorrowing family in their great bereavement. Resolved, That a page in our minute book be inscribed to his memory. Resolved, That a copy of this preamble and resolutions be sent to his family, and also published in the Anderson Intelligencer and Journal. 0. H. P. FANT. J. JAMISON. \ DMINISTRATOR'S NOTICE.?All pcr J\. sons having demands against the Es? tate ?>f James L. Simpson, deceased, are hereby notified to? present them, properly proven, within the time prescribed by law; [ and all indebted will make payment to the undersigned at once. J. B. SITTON, Adm'r. May 18. 1876 44 3? Billiard Table for Sale. WH. GRIFFITH & CO., N. Y., . Manufacturers. Marble Bed, 4Jx9, with Delany's Patent Wire Cush? ion, Ivory-tipped Cues, Rack, 2$ Ivory Balls, Lamps and fixtures. Complete almost new?having been in use only ten months. Apply to J. B. McGEE & CO., Auction ana Commission Merchants, Andeison, S. C. May 18, 1876_44_ IN BANKRUPTCY. In the District Court of the United States for the District of South Carolina. In Re. ) L. D. Stringer, \ Bankrupt. ) "VTOTICE' is hereby given that a meeting _Li of the creditors of said Bankrupt will be held before the undersigned, Register, at Newberry, on the 29th of May, 1876, at 4 o'clock p. m., to consider a composition of | Iiis debts, to be proposed by said Bankrupt. C. J. J-EGEB, Register, Newberrv, S. C. May 18, 1876_44_2 POMONA GRANGE. To the Pomona Grange of Anderson County: AT a call meeting of the Pomona Grange, held at Anderson C. H., on the first Saturday of the present J month, it was agreed that another call meeting be held on the first Monday in J une, and the Master was required to give notice to that effect. I therefore give notice that aoall meet? ing of the Pomona Grange of Anderson County will be held at Anderson Court House, in tho Grange Hall, on the FIRST MONDAY in JUNE next, at 10 o'clock a. m. Mattets of interest to the entire Order will be discussed, for which rea? son it is to be hoped that all the mem? bers will be present. Tho Grange will be called to order promptly at the hour appointed. R. W. SIMPSON, M. P. G. May 18, 187? U 2 THE CENTENNIAL OPENED YESTERDAY, AND SO HAS O. A. PICKLE, GREENVILLE, S. C, OPENED on<- of the largest and liest se? lected Stocks of Goods ever brought to this city, consisting of? LADIES' DRESS GOODS. BLEACHED GOODS, DOMESTICS, PARASOLS, RIBBONS, HOSIERY and NOTIONS. 200 PIECES PRINTS. At Bottom Prices. A beautiful lot of SUMMER CASSIMERES, French, English and American. 11 ATS ! HATS! ! HATS!!! Also, an elegant line of CLOTHING, at prices to suit the times. A fresh arrival of Frank Leslie's Paper Patterns. May, 187<) w44 ?> Delinquent land Sale. ANDERSON TOWNSHIP. Brown, J. N., Assignee J. W. Harri? son, 50 acres, 2 buildings, 1 lot. Brown, E. St. Clair, 1 lot, 1 building. Brown, Jr., Samuel, 1 lot, 1 building. Caldwell, Georgo, 1 lot, 1 building. Fant, O. H. P., 1 lot, 2 buildings. Moore, Samuel E., 1 lot, 1 building. Nardin, Waller H., 1 lot, 1 building. Reed, Clifton A., 29 acres, 2 lots, 1 build? ing. Reed <fc Stepbens, 1 lot, 2 buildings. Wardlaw, Charles, 1 lot. Whitner, Benj. F., 1 lot BELTON TOWNSHIP. Davenport, Wm. M-, 00 acres*. 1 build? ing. Gambrell, James, 14(5 acres. Holmes, William, 9 acres. Hill, Jackson, 1 lot. Wilson, Robert, 7 acres. BROADAWAY TOWNSHIP.. Fant, 0. H. P., 178 acres. Moore. James B., 312 acres. BRUSHY CREEK TOWNSHIP. Mulligan, Jane, 40 acres. CENTREV1LLE TOWNSHIP. Felton, Elizabeth, 379 acres. Moore, James B., 93 acres. Reed, Clifton A., 11 acres. Smith, Margaret C, 160 acres. Webb, Dudlev H.. 110 acres. DARK CORNER TOWNSHIP. McGreer, Benjamin, 19 acres. Seigier, Josoph E., 91 acres. GARVIN TOWNSHIP. Jenkins, W. G., Agent, 135 acres. Orr, Est. James, 335 acres. Sitton, John B., 152 acres. HALL TOWNSHIP. Bagwell, Hit. Maria, 95 acres. Hays. Jr., Baxter, 50 acres. McAlister, B. A., 187 acres. Welch, Jacob D., 114 acres. HONEA PATH TOWNSHIP. Yawn, John, (W. J. Robertson Tract,) 125 acres. HOPEWELL TOWNSHIP. Guy ton, Aarou W., 169 acres, 1 build 1D&ariett, Clarissa, 241 acres, 1 building. MARTIN TOWNSHIP. Mitchell, C. E., 106 acres. PENDLETON TOWNSHIP. Sitton, John B., 582 acres, 12 buildings, 8 lots. Sitton, John B., Treasurer Masonic Lodge, 1 lot, 1 building. Maverick, Margaret, 125- acres, 1 lot ROCK MILLS TOWNSHIP. Williford, Charles K.r 770 acres, I building. SAVANNAH TOWNSHIP. Earle, Elias J., 885 acres, 2 buildings*. Wilmot, Est. Berry, 70 acres-. VARENNES TOWNSHIP Brown, Jr., Samuel, 11 acres. Brown, E. St. Clair, 73 acres. Moore, S. E. & Co., 770 acres. Norris, Est. Andrew O., 326 acres. Nardin, Waller H., 519 acres. WILLIAMSTON TOWNSHIP. Garrett, J. S. J., 107 acres. Perry, William, 1 lot, 1 buildiug. Spence, Robert, 372 acres. Tripp, Elizabeth, 250 acres. ADDITIONAL OF 1874. Norris, Elvira,' (Anderson,) 1 lot, 1 building. Peyton, Zachariah, (Anderson,) 1 lot, 1 building. Telford, Eady, (Belton.) 1 lot. . Brown, Jackson, (Pondleton,) 1 lot. ? Gower, Thomas C, Brushy Creek, 142 acres. James, Nancy E., (Brushy Creek,) 50 Sprewell. Jesse, (Garvin,) 103 acres. Harper, Thomas, (Hopewell,) 77 acres. Anderson, Benjamin, (Varennes,) 1 acre. Adams, Adaliue, (Varennes,) 4 acres. Harrison, Fielding, (Varennes,) 1 acre. Pickens, Henry, (varennes,) 2 acres. BLUE RIDGE RAILROAD. 1 lot and 2 buildings in the Town of Anderson, for the years 1871, 1872, 1873? 1874 and 1875. ADDITIONAL. Neal, John B., 1 lot and 1 building for the years 1874 and 1875. NOTICE is hereby given that the whole of the several parcels, lots and parts of lots of Real Estate, described in the preceding list, or so much thereof as will be necessary to pay the taxes, penalties and assessments charged there? on, will bo sold by the Treasurer of An? derson County, South Carolina, at his office in said County, on the First Monday, (the 5th day,) of Jane, A. D., eighteen hundred and seventy six, unless said taxes, assessments and penalties be paid before that time; and such sale will be continued, from day to day, until all of said parcels, lots and parts of lots of Real Estate, shall be sold or offered for sale. THOMAS J. WEBB, * Auditor Anderson County. May 18, 1876_44_2_ AT PRICES TO SUIT THE TIMES. TOWERS & BROYLES WILLsell DRY GOODS, HATS, SHOES, CLOTHING and CARPETS, at greatly reduced prices for cash for the next twenty-eight days, as they wish to reduce their stock by the 16th of June, the time for their annual stock-taking. They mean what thev sav. Give them a call. NO. 4 GRANITE ROW, Anderson, S. C. HATS! HATS! BARGAINS to be had in Hats for the next twenty-eight days, at TOWERS cfc BROYLES'. Groceries and Provisions. WE have on hand a good supply of Gro? ceries and Provisions at low prices for cash, viz: The celebrated Diadem Hams, Bacon, Lard, Corn, Flour, Sugar, Coffee, Molasses, Rice, Salt and Fancy Groceries. Also, the best Oolong, Young Hyson and Gunpowder Tea. TOWERS <fc BROYLES. LADIES' DRESS GOODS. JAPANESE SILK-price reduced from GOc. to 25c, and other Dress Goods reduced from 50c. and 60c. to 25c. Grenadine - from 50c. to 25c. per yard. A lot of Dress Goods reduced from 40c. to 15c. per yard. We take stock on the 16th of June, and these goods are for sale at these prjees untiMhat time, or until thev arc sold. TOWERS <fc BROYLES. CLOTHING! CALL and examine our stock of Cloth? ing, and you will be satisfied that we are giving bargains in Clo.hing,-and will do so until the 10th June next. _ TOWERS t* BROYLES. HARNESS, SADDLES AND BRIDLES. WE have the largest and best lot of Har? ness in Town, all manufactured bv Mr. JAMES M. PAYNE, which wc offer for cost for cash until the 28th June, or reduced prices to prompt customers on time. Give us a call. TOWERS ?fc BROYLES. SHOES AND BOOTS. A LARGE lot of Men's, Women's Misses and Children's Shoes und Gaiters, for sale at low price*, until the 10th of June, by TOWERS & BROYLES. TO REDUCE STOCK- - WE have determined to reduce our Stock of Goods by the 28th of June. Therefore, wc arc offering some goods for less than cost, sonic at cost, and all of our goods at low prices for cash, or to prompt paying customers on time. Give us a call. TOWERS & BROYLES. NEW GOODS. JUST arriving a new lot of FANCY PRINTS, from six to ten cents per vasd. TOWERS & BROYLES, No. 4 Granite Row, Anderson, S. C. May 18, 1S76 44