Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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SATES OF SUBSCRIPTION.?Tiro Dollars I per uunm and Oib Dollzb for six months. t?rittkare DOt taken for & ,CM perlod Liberal deductions made to clubs of ten or more subscribers. &ATES OP AOrSPTISLyO.-Oao Dollar per *quare ol one inch for the first insertion, and Fifty Mints per squaro for subsequent Insertions less than tnree months. No adrertisement counted less than a square. Liberal contracts will be made with those wishing to advertise for three, six or twelve months. Ad? vertising by contract must be confined to the im mediatobusinessofthefirm or individual contrac? ting. Obituary Notices exceeding five lines, Tributes of Respect, and all personal communications or matters of individual interest, will be charged for at advertising rates. Announcements of marriages and deaths, and notices of a religious character, are Kspeetfollr solicited, and will be Inserted gratia. BY HOYT & CO. ANDERSON, S. C, THURSDAY. NOVEMBER 18, 1875. VOL. XI-NO. 18. LEGAL ADmiTISLyG.?We are compelled tj require cash peynenta. for advertising ordered bj Ezecntors, Administrators and other fiduciaries, and herewith append the rates for the ordin?rr notices, which will only be inserted when tbj money comes with the order: Citations, two insertions, - -. -. - $3.0) Estate Notices, three insertions, - - 2.0) Final Settlements, five insertions - ? 3.0) TO CORRESPONDENTS.-!* order to receivu attention, communications mnst be accompanied by the true name and address of the writer. Be* jected manuscripts will not be returned, unless th>> necessary stamps are furnished to repay the posttg) thereon. aif We are not responsible for the views and opinions of our correspondents. All communications should be addressed to "Ed* itors Intelligencer," and all check*, drafts, nione, r orders, Ac, should be made payable to the order of HOYT,A CO., Anderson, S. C. CLOUDS ?ITH SILVER LINING. I There's never a day so sunny But a little cloud appears; There's never a life so nappy But has had its time of tears; Yet the sun shines out the better I When the stormy tempest clears. There's never a garden growing With roses in every plot; There's never a heart so hardened But it has one tender spot; We have only to prune the border To find the forget-me-not. There's never a cup so pleasant But has bitter with the sweet; There's never a path so rugged That bears not the print of feet; AncLwe have a helper promised I For the trials we may meet. . There's never a sun that rises But we know 'twill set at night; The tints that gleam in the morning, At evening are just as bright; And the hour that is the sweetest Is between the dark and light. There's never a dream that's happy , ? {But the waking makes us sad; . / .There's never- a dream of sorrow . But the waking makes us glad; We shall look some day with wonder ? At the troubles we have had. There's never a way so narrow Bus the entrance is made straight; There's always a way to point us , To, the "little wicket gate;" And the angels will be nearer To a soul that is desolate. There's never a heart so haughty . But will some day bow and kneel; . I . JtThere's never -a heart so wounded .' That the Saviour cannot heal; ? I There is many a lowly forehead That is bearing the hidden seal. I There's never a day so sunny But a little cloud appears; There's never a life so happy J But has had its time of tears ; Yet the sun shines out the better . When the stormy tempest clears. PEACE IF MISSISSIPPI. A Northern Observer's Account of how the Election was Won. Cbrmpondtnce of the Cincinnati Commercial I' Jackson, Tuesday Night,'Nov. 2. The feeling all alone Has been (hat election day here would be very quiet or j " very bloody; The condition of things was such that, if there was any disturb? ance at all. it would be fearful. TJp to this writing there has not been the least trouble, and as the negroes are leaving town rapidly, and as the whites - -are in jolly good numor, there is dimin? ished chance for a row. It has been as quiet an election as ever I attended. When every man knew that every white man was armed, and that a single personal difficulty might fire the mine and lead to the slaughter of a hun? dred, there was great circumspection of conduct and exquisite care to avoid tread- I ing upon other people's toes. Then every precaution was taken to secure peace. There was a large force of J special policemen and deputy sheriffs on the ground, selected from both parties, and every saloon is closed from 12 last J night until to-morrow morning. The peace officers have orders to arrest every j disorderly and drunken man, and put him in the common jail until the polls I are closed and votes counted, """in addition, the worthy citizens of I Jackson, those more interested in the peace and prosperity of the city than I any one else can possibly be, have been on the,ground the entire day, going from polling place to polling; place;and using f all their influence in the preservation of peace. Above all, the Federal soldiers at the barracks were under orders to rush into I the city the very moment there was an outbreak, and preserve the peace. They -have been prepared, and, at the signal, would have nothing to do but "fall in." j Yet with all the precaution, fear and J anxiety lurag over the city like a pall last night. From here and from Ed? wards, Bolton and Clinton, on the Vicks burg road, many women and children were sent into Vicksburg; for safety, j Matters had been arranged in that usual-1 ly. tumultuons city until it was regarded as one of the places least liable to a row. I believe that the probabilities of a row here were thought to be greater than at any other point in the State. It is a J sort of headquarters for the Republicans; I many are here whose lives nave been j threatened in other parts of the; State, who, of course, are in no genial humor; the colored people have been told to come "j^^ town and vote, regardless of conse-1 qhences; the whites were armed and de? termined, and upon a survey of the whole field, I thought Jackson in more danger I from an outburst than any other place in the St;ito. Therefore I remained here, not to take part in the expected riot, but to be on hand to give the world a true history of it in ray feeble way. I rejoice exceedingly that I have no bloody chap? ter to write to-night. So fir the dis? patches have revealed but one fracas in the State; that occurred this morning near Port Gibson. Only two men were killed, one white and one black, which is a remarkably light casualty list for the quarter. | AT THE POLLS. All ^ay long 1 have been'at one or the other of the three voting places of the city and suburbs. Every business house in the city was closed from early morning until night, giviDg the city a Sunday appearance. This was done that every white man might give his undivided attention to securing the election of the Democratic ticket, upon the success of which they believe that their very salvation depends. I never before saw such determination to carry an election, the whole body of the white people being moved by a com? mon impulse. The wealthy citizens have given liberally of their means to secure votes, without nice scruples as to how the votes were obtained. Every white man resolved himself into a committee to se? cure the vote of at least one colored man. The result is astonishing. I would not have believed that so many colored peo? ple could have been got to vote the Dem? ocratic ticket as I have seen do it here to-day. , ' .?' No force or violence or intimidation was employed. ? I watched for this c>wc ly, and had the assistance of another party, but we j?nrtfy and severally failed to discover,. anything like force or vio? lence, or anything that could be ^rgnerly callea -intimidation.. . '.^ " WHY SO MX?Y ^COLORED'^IEX VOTED THE DEMOCRATIC TICKET. More voted with with the whites here than ever before?yes, more than twice j as many as at any other election. They were chiefly influenced in this by the non-interference of the government. Be? cause the government did not step in at the request of Gov. Ames, they have got the notion that if has "gone back on them," as they call it, and now, being without its support, they must cultivate friendly relations in politics with the whites. They know that they cannot maintain a contest with them without government support, and as they have been deprived of that support, the next best thing is to accept the inevitable. This was the chief influence operating among them here, and the great cause of such an unusual number voting the Dem ocratic ticket. Another influence was the well known lact that the whites are in arms; that they intend no longer to live under negro rule if they have to fight. They know what that means. So many voted with the whites as a matter of conciliation, preferring to see Democrats elected than to have a row in which they would be the chief sufferers. Half the servants at the hotel where I stop voted the Democratic ticket to the great astonishment and gratification of the proprietor, who counted only upon three. This morning the proprietor said to one of the clerks : "Have you talked to so and ao (men? tioning four) among the dining-room boys?,? %o, sir," replied Mr. Phillips, "it is not a bit of use. They will vote the Radical ticket if you should argue with them a week." Yet these very four; as I happen to know, voted the straight Democratic ticket. They did it because they con? ceive that the Republican party here is "gone up," and they don't want to stand out in apparent antagonism to the whites. curious inducements. I witnessed many strange scenes at the Klls, and around about among the crowd, ds sort of thing was often repeated by men who were supplied with, money* for the purpose. A man would elect his darkey and operate on him in this wise: "Uncle, have you voted ?" "No, sab." "Going to vote ?" "Yes, sah." "How?" "The 'Publican ticket, sab." "Can't I persuade you to vote the Democratic ticke t ?" "No, sah." "You are afraid to vote it, are you?" "No, sah, not a bit." "I'll bet two dollars you are afraid to step up there and vote the Democratic ticket. "Me'fraid! No, sah; dis nigger ain't 'frald; he ain't the skerry sort, he ain't" "Well, I'll bet two dollars you are afraid to do it." "Put up your money. I'll take the bet, sah; I'm no skerry nigger." The money is handed to a third party. The negro is given a Democratic ticket, aid accompanied to the polls by a white man, who sees that it is voted. Then the negro returns, and is paid the "wager" he; nas won. I A neat way that to buy votes, and -at the same time escape the penalty of the law. A hundred dollars thus expended goes some distance in adding to Demo? cratic "gains." I saw a negro and a white man go to the polls side by side, and each vote the Democratic ticket Then the white man took the negro to a cozy nook, give him two drinks of whiskey and a handful of | cigars. I could not say that he bought the vote; he only took the occasion to treat his colored friend. An old negro man, apparently too old to work, and looking to be really needy, stood near the polls with a Republican ticket. A white boy, not over thirteen, said to him: "Uncle, why don't you vote the Democratic ticket? these carpet-bag era don't* care any thing for you.? 'heyM let you starve to death." "1 dunno but they would,'' replied the old man, "for I'm hungry right now. If I you'll get me a little money to get some ' bread to take home, I'll vote the Demo1 cratic ticket." The boy's face brightened up. He went to the bottom of his pockets, turned them inside out, but he could find noth? ing but a five-cent nickel. Giving that j and a Democratic ticket to the old man, he went after more, and I hare no doubt gained a vote for the Democracy. There was some trickery, and a few votes were gained "in the ways that are dark." To protect negroes who could not read, the Republicansprinted their tickets on yellow paper. The Democrats straight? way printed some on the same sort of paper, hoping to gain something by the mistakes which men who do not- know a letter in the book would naturally make. After all argument had been exhausted upon a certain negro, and by no possi? bility could be be got to agree to vote the Democratic ticket, he was, in a few in? stances, brought into it in this wise: As they approached the polls, in line, a white man would uay, "Well, uncle, you are going to vote the straight Republican ticket, are you ?" "Yes, sah." . "That's right. Let every man vote with his color. I ra a white man, and vote the Democratic ticket?[unfolding itj Why, goodness alive! I've made a mistake, and got a' Republican ticket. ?Nowi I don't want to lose my place on the line to get another. Let. me see yours." The darkey unconsciously hands over I his. "Why, old man, you've made a| mistake, too I Yours is a Democratic ticket ! Somebody has played off on you ; it's d?d mean to take that advan? tage of a man who can't read. But we .can-just swap tickets, can't we ? That | makes it . all. right Now we are both fixed/' He-adroitly gives the darkey a Demo craticticket of the same color which he, not being able to read, puts into the box, and goes home thinking that he has dis? charged his duty to the Republican party! ! There were a few instances of imposi? tions of the sort?not many. jolly good feeling. Towards 12 o'clock it became known that the Democrats were gaining largely at each-box> and that it was owing to the colored people voting with them. This put the whites in the best possible humor, and dispelled all danger of a riot. When everything was progressing so sat? isfactorily there was ho use of a riot, and nobody had any occasion to start one.? There was no necessity, as is sometimes done, to get np a mock fight and frighten away the colored people for they were voting the Democratic ticket so well that it was an advantage to have them around. What .3 the result? To-night, in Jack? son, the feeling between the races is bet? ter than it has been in seven years. The Dmocrats liave carried'the county and the State, and are overflowing with praise for their "colored friends,"" who voted with them. Later. The aight wears on. Every dispatch indicates a Democratic gain in some un? expected quarter. The whites are in ecstacics. The night air is burdened, with-yells of delight, but there is no pis? tol firing or .disorderly conduct. As yet, the Republicans cannot claim a dozen counties in the State. The .Democrats have elected their whole ticket, carried the Legislature by a large majority, and gained at least two Congressmen. The Republican officials have acknowl? edged that the party in Mississippi is doi?e for. Nothing short of the power of the Federal Government can set it on its legs again. H. V. R. Grant?His Position and Prospects. la the great game for the. Presidency Grant has from the first held the best cards. This is partly because he dealt them. The possession of the Govern mer.t is alone an immense advantage; the power to destroy, by intrigue or open antagonism, any formidably Republican candidate is another; he has the nation? al finances also in his control, and can influence either of the parties by his pol? icy ; at any time he may introduce for? eign complications into the canvass. Iu short, the cards in Grant's hauds are all trumps, and he has played them with consummate skill. The third term project is, in itself, odious to the country, and no one knows it better than Grant. But he has care? fully contrived to represent a third term as being a contingent good, as compared with other great national evils which it might avert. In his letter to the Penn? sylvania Convention he put forward this view for the calm consideration of the country, when he urged that it might be unfortunate, if not disastrous, to prohibit the indefinite re-election of the President, and then added that he would not accept a renomination unless circumstances not likely to arise should make acceptance his duty. Since then, events have been so skillfully shaped, and dangers have been so forcibly paraded before the peo? ple, that the third term movement-is made to appear, in the opinion of many, the only means by which prosperity can be maintained. Grant has kept himself at the front, and towers like a giant far above the Republican leaders around him. SiDce the Ohio election the third-term project has taken more definite shape.? By inducing the venal Democratic chiefs to introduce the inflation plank in the Ohio platform, Grant removed from the canvass all personal opposition to him? self, and substituted a financial quarrel for the real issue of reform. The Demo? crats were no sooner brought before the enemy than like an army of madmen, they began to fight with each other.? They lost Ohio in the twinkling of an eye. Next they lost Pennsylvania, and if they have not lost New York they are at least badly demoralized by the capture of Tammany Hall by the Custom House politicians and the enormously dimin? ished majority in the State. In the ma? noeuvres which have led to these results, Grant has displayed wonderful skill, and has achieved the inestimable success of dividing the Democratic party on the question of inflation, and installing him? self before the country as the Hard Mon? ey candidate for 1876. This position Whether such vast strides of fortuue were anticipated even by the audacious hope? fulness of Grant himself, is a question; but whether he expected such success or not, he has certainly exhibited the ge? nius of a true leader, in the arrangements which made it possible. All those qual? ities which are essential to personal ad? vancement, Grant possesses in a superior degree, but they must not be confounded with the higher qualities of a statesman who labors for the nation only. In near? ly eight years that Grant has governed be has not given the country peace, nor reform, nor financial soundness, nor sta? bility, nor any great measure by which his 'administration will be celebrated hereafter; but his severest critics must concec e that be has left nothing undone to strengthen himself as a leader. A nijw proof of this remarkable skill in managing his own campaign for the third term is the adroit manner in which Grant reserved the Cuban card to lead after tie trick he won in Ohio. By this new alarm, this appeal to American sym? pathy, this revival of ancient policy lit a critical moment, Grant follows up his politic \l conquests with tremendous force. The acquisition of Cuba has always been looked upon by the American people as a golden gain ; that Cuba should be in? dependent of Spain, they have always considered the natural right of the Queen of the Antilles. Grant, in making any movement against Spain, any demand in the cause of Cuba, appeals both to our natural acquisitiveness and our national feeling of patriotism and right. His first step has been carefully taken : the Span? ish complications have beeu kept before the pjblic, accompanied by constant warnings and apprehensions inspired by the Administration. His next movement will probably be to announce bis men? tion to declare belligerent rights for the Cuban patriots; Then will follow a pro? posal to purchase Cubr. of Spain, and to secure the consent of the insurgents by fiving the indorsement of the'United tates Government to the Cuban bonds. Here is a brilliant programme, and one not very difficult of execution. The s up? position that the next House of Repre? sentatives can be depended upon to op? pose Grant's Cuban scheme, as a bridge to a third term, is not well founded. In the firs t place, he is just as able and as willing: to buy his way through a Demo? cratic House as he was to buy it through the Democratic Convention of Ohio aud Pennsylvania. The purchasable mate? rial in Congress is always large, and not likely to be smaller a; the next sesaion than in the sessions where Republicans and Democrats were equally involved in Credit Mobilier and Pacific Mail subsi? dies. Besides this, the Cuban bonds held .u this country will be powerful agents in influencing Congressional legislation. Mr. Cushing, who was interested with Dick -Shell in this Cuban scheme three years ago, is probably working up that fea? ture now, and Mr. Schell might tell us, if he were so disposed, of the great profit to be made in theCuban bond speculation. But though Grant and the Cuban ring, under his control, could easily buy a ma? jority for his plans in the House, it is un? likely that he would be forced to spend one cent. The acquisition of Cuba has been the policy of the Democratic party for thirty years, or ever since the Ostend Conference. No Democratic Congress would dare to oppose that policy on the firetext that it was presented by a Repub ican President. Thus, from every point of view, the Cuban policy, which Grant has never Eermitted to pass out of sight, and, which e is now prepared to make a prominent issue, is strong. It is strong with the people, with the Democrats, with the politicians, and with the speculators. It supplements with ama2.ing force his vic? tories in the late elections of Ohio, Penn? sylvania and New York, where the Ad? ministration revealed its power to sustain or break down either of the two parti e*. Grant holds in each hand a weapon of ?enormous value for attack. The Cuban movement gives life and purpose to an almost dead aud meaningless foreign Eolicy, while the dexetrous division of the democracy upon inflation makes Grant the master of the financial future of the country. But all these matters must be looked at from one point of view to be rightly understood. The third term is the key to the situation, aud to all the Adminis? tration mysteries of the Presidential campaign. Grant would probably be an inflationist did he not see that to divide the Democracy is to make hiin inevita? ble the candidate of the Republicans and of all the Hard-Money voters. He would probably act very differently with Spain, and, if he were not a candidate for a third term, would long ago have sought to make his administration memorable . for the acquisition of Cuba. But it must not be forgotten that now ho does not want to gain Cuba so much as to use her to promote his own ambitious ends, He does not for one instant meditate a war with Spain, for that would only result in the blockade and the bombardment of our coasts, in the devastation of our ships and commerce, and?worse than all for Grant?the creation of a new Presiden? tial rival in the person of a naval hero.1 All that Grant wants is to arouse public concern on that subject, and then gradu? ally avoid the dangers of war by a peace? able debate upon the granting of bellige? rent rights to Cuba, or upon the purchase of the Island and the guarantee of the Insurgent bonds. Are we wrong, then, in saying that the third term now appears more certain than ever? These retient events have proved Grant's power to be greater than it ever was with the people and the poli? ticians. His successful strategy, abroad and at home, shows that he is, perhaps, the ablest political as well as military leader the country has ever produced. The third term, which was made odious .by the example of Washington, the pre? cepts of Jefferson, Jackson, and the founders of the American Republic, against which Grant himself once pro? tested as irreconcilable with American liberties, he now makes seem necessary by his skillful presentation of foreign and domestic dangers to the nation. It is really the greatest of all dangers, but he dwarfs it by his skillful contrasts with others that are more imminent. And infamous as the third term is, and ever will be, Grant is teaching the people to forget its evil by the resplendent bribes he offers them in the shape of glory and territory to be won abroad, and financial and material prosperity to be established at home.?Spirit of the Timet. An honest registration of voters would show a very different sta.tus of parties and races from what is commonly thought to texts, this, constitutional requirement has been evaded and dodged, for several years. We remember one occasion when the colored vote in the House of Represen? tatives favored it, but certain active car? pet-baggers ran round and up and down, urging upon the colored members that a registration would place Democrats in control of the State. Of course, that was enough. Last winter, the recommenda? tion of Governor Chamberlain, based upon the constitution, was in some way not acted upon. We have had no regis? tration yet. All fair men, whether Con? servatives or not, will unite this winter in demanding that it bs made without any more delay. Whenever we present to the people the duty to unite, to organ? ize, to nave some regard for their rights and the rights of their cliildren, to move like men, to establish good government, and, we may say, to restore civilization itself, we are met with the objection that there are JtO.OOO votes registered agaiust us; that tliese votes cannot change ; that the election machine is in the hands of the Radicals, &c., &c. In the first place, we don't believe there is any such majori? ty of colored voters. The tendency has been to exaggerate the colored vote and to depreciate the white. Besides that, why is it assumed that the black vote will forever be Radical? The color line is becoming dim. The colored man begins to feel the responsibilities of citi-. zenship. He knows that he has been be? trayed, and that the best way of escape from u bad. system and bad men is to put them down and wipe themout. He is ready to listen and learn. He can be in? duced to join in the support of the true interests of the country in opposition to the factitious and corrupt interests of a few office-holders and office-3eekers. There is no. necessity that the policy or ticket which he is asked to sustain shall be so very straight Democratic that he' will be repelled by it. He should be conciliated, instructed and led by degrees out of the mire in which he has long been floundering. Give him a helping hand.?Columbia Register. Startling Facts.?There is more gold in. the! old fields of South Carolina than has ever been dug out of the mines of California! Every acre of South Carolina will yield annually, if its sur? face is broken six inches deep, fifty dollars clear of al I expenses. Wear out every acre of land in the State, and let it lie for fifteen .years, and it will be as good as it was when the virgin forest was first cut down. The farmer has fewer difficulties with which to contend in South Carolina than in any other State in the Union. Never, since the State was first settled, in 1670, has there been a total failure of the crops; if it was too dry for the uplands, the bottoms made a tremendous crop; if it was too wet for the lowlands, the up? land brought forth in haudfuls. This is a fact which is often ignored. It is worthy to be remembered, that it has never been known that an Irishman ever came to South Carolina who did not accumulate a considerable fortune, provided he was not a drunkard. Jt did not matter how poor he was when. ,he came; if he would abstain from. whisky, he grew rich. Another startling fact is, that nine tenths of the farmers of South Carolina do not work more than eight months out of the twelve, and that they spend more during the four idle months than they make during the eight months that they work. .This is one cause of the hard times. With farmers, as with other men, the devil always finds some mischief for idle hands to do. It is a fact to be de? plored, that South Carolina farmers do not, us a class, think much about their occupation ; they are not fond of making experiments.? Yorkvillc Enquirer. Plant a Grape Vine First.?No one farmer iu twenty will buy grapes or other fruit, except apples for himself and family: but grapes are so easily and cheaply grown that no family with a square rod of ground should be without a few grape vines. Grapes can be got in bearing earlier than any other fruit, ex? cepting strawberries; and with well rooted layers I have had one bunch of grapes the first year aftei: setting. Yet many a man spends fifty to one hundred dollars in settingan apple orchard, which will not bear till six or eight years after, who would begrudge five dollars for a dozen vines of the choicest grapes, which he might eat within two years, and have abundance before five years have pass'ed. I do not object to extensive and early planting of apple orchards; "this ought ye to have done, and not have left the other undone." It seems to me that the first duty of a settler on new land is to plant half a dozen grape vines, and after that as many as he can afford. Fresh fruit is necessary to the health of a fami? ly, and nothing is more quickly, easily, or cheaply grown than grapes.?Ex? change. ? "Let's retire twenty cents of the re? deemable" is the way they put it now out West when they want to '' inflate" a cou? ple of drinks. A Helping Hand. exist in this State. U] various pre Correspondence Augusta Constitutionalist. Is Ours a Federal Union or Not ] Alexandria, Ala., Nov. 6,1875. Mr. Editor : My attention has been brought to consider very seriously the above question by reading very lately two speeches, delivered before large and intelligent bodies of voters during the past Summer. The first one was the speech of Mr. A. H. Stephens, delivered in Atlanta on the 4th of July last. The other speech to which I allude was de? livered by Senator Morton at Urbana, Ohio, very soon after Mr. Stephens' At? lanta speech. In the estimation of your writer no speech ever went before the country that was more appropriate, more patriotic, and more powerful in the good it was likely to accomplish,. 1 than this Fourth of July speech of Mr. Stephens. The great beauty of it was the patriotic and I might well say patriarchal spirit , that seemed to inspire the heart of this great and trusted man. The deep-9eated, broad and National sentiment of the sage of Liberty Hall breathed in every sentence of this calm and truthful review of the early history of the struggles and triumphs of our re? nowned forefathers. It was evident that the whole soul of the_ distinguished ora? tor was warmed up in his effort to bring the thinking portion of the vast audience before him to a proper appreciation and understanding of the principles of our Federal Republic. The powerful effect of this speech was in establishing upon the mind of every impartial hearerand reader that the Government of our Fathers was a Federal Republic ?a Union of States? ratified by the people of Sovereign States, for the benefit of the States. But the best evidence of the telling effect of this speech is to be found in the fact that it had no sooner gone before the reading public of this country, full of its patri? otic fire and soul-moving eloquence, than Senator Morton?a man of brains and no little political shrcwdnesss; in fact, the leader of the Centralist party in the United State9 Senate?undertakes to re? ply toitand its doctrines in a speech before a large audience in Urbana, Ohio. He takes this speech as a text for a general attack against the Federative theory of our government. In fact, startling as it may sound to any reader"- of our early history, he denies, in positive terms, that our government was formed and adopted by the States in their sovereign capac? ity; but. on the contrary, asserts that it was done by a majority of all the people in their aggregate capacity. Mr. Editor, I was perfectly astounded when I read such a statement coming from so intelligent a source. It was a square lock-horns with Mr. S.; not on a speculative point on which great minds might honestly differ, but a denial of the great fact, a matter of his? tory, that the Constitution of his and our country was ratified by the States in their sovereignty, but on the contrary. He tells the people that it was ratified by a majority of all the people in the aggre fate, without regard to State lines. And have no doubt but that the most of them believed every worflrepoken by him. He then went into an argument to sustain his position and false assertions, but it was as futile and ridiculous as an effort to batter down the granite sides of Stone Mountain with a boy's pop? gun would be. The truth of it is,JVlr. Stephens' speech in Atlanta and Senator Eaton's in the Senate last winter were both stunners, and Mr. Morton knows it will.be dangerous for his party to let two such powerful arguments go before the thinking masses of the country with? out an effort to silence these two siege pieces. '. I hare alluded at some length to' these speeches, as a prelude to what I wish to < say. Is it not startling and disgraceful that after the lapse of nearly one hun? dred years two of America's most distin? guished statesmen go before large audien? ces of intelligent voters and positively contradict each other as to the most vital fact in the history of the formation of our Government? If theg are not ported in this matter of the history of the formation of our Constitution, how can you expect the toiling millions of farmers (like your humble writer) and the mechanics, who don't have the time to investigate these matters, to intelli? gently vote and act on such questions? Right here, Mr. Editor, is the answer to the question, what caused the late war? It was ignorance on the part of the masses, of the true history of the for? mation and theoiy of our Government.'; Many speeches aud books have beon written since-the war trying to elucidate the great mystery why such a gigantic and bloody war should have been pos: sible between Sister States and children, of the same family. But the only cor? rect answer is, Ignorance. My acquain? tance with the Federal troops during the war, conversing freely ana in a per? fectly calm, friendly manner with them on picket lines, with their prisoners, and being myself ? prisoner,^ giving me freuqent opportunities to interchange views with them as to the causes that brought on the war, satisfied my mind that, the great majority of them were jus^.as patriotic and sincere in fighting us as we (the Confederates) were in rep'elr. ling them. It was simply an honest difference, of opinion on the part of the masses that brought on the war and made it so stubbornly contested on 'both1 sides. Mr. Stephens, in his "War Be? tween the States," says it was the love of power, on the part of the Centralists, that brought on the war. Senator Nor? wood, in his great speech at Oxford, Ga., last Summer, says it was from mercenary motives that the war resulted. Both may be right, so far as the leaders: and politicians are concerned; but the war never would or could have been fought, if the masses had not been falsely edu? cated in the theory and history of our Government, Mr. Editor. This is the issue for the Democracy to fo before the country on next year, ?et ever}' other issue be put under foot or laid aside until the great fact is deter? mined and settled by the masses of vo? ters in this country, viz: whether the government at Washington belongs to the States, or do the States belong to it? In othpr words, is ours a Federal Union or not? Let all discord in the party on the subject of finance be banished for? ever until this transcendantly more im ?ortant issue is settled by the people, he best patriots and wisest men of the party may honestly differ, in regard to the finances?a difficult and complicated matter at best; but for the sake of its pasn record, its brilliant prospects, and for the sake of the hopes of our poster? ity, heaven grant, that the party may not throw away?cir opportunities to, save the country next year by wrangling over the . finances. Fellow-Democrats, it has beon but a short while since the strong arm of the Centralist Government at 'Washington, carrying out Senator Morton's theory, overturned the State Legislature of" Louisiana. Don't let finauces or any other side issue come in now to prevent you from ousting and crippling forever this hydra-headed and blood-stained monster. After this is ac? complished, then we can take care of their rotten system of finances which thev have put upon the country. W. S. N. Shall the Conservatives Organize! This question has engaged the atten? tion of almost every paper in the State for some weeks past, and while all agree that it is essential for the Conservative party of this State to be thoroughly or? ganized, some seem to think that an im? mediate organization is not only unneces? sary but might do harm by creating a suspicion in the min'ds of the Indepen? dent Republicans that we intend to do something, they know not what, injuri? ous to them. The Charleston News and Courier, in its usual dictatorial style, has issued five articles of faith for the adoption of the Conservative party throughout the State. The 2d article reads:?"Immediate or? ganization deplorable^ " and gives as the reason for this belief, that "experience shows that, with proper efforts, the Con servative party can be organized in two or three months." Experience has taught us a very differ? ent lesson. Nothing has done so much to distract and weaken the Conservative party in the upper Counties of the State, at the ballot box, as hasty, and, as a con sequence, inefficient organization. Particularly has this Deen apparent in the Congressional elections. We honest? ly believe we have lost a Conservative Congressman from no other cause than want of organization and not giving our candidates sufficient time to thoroughly canvass the District. While Charleston has gained a few members in the State Legislature, by the coalition and "wait and watch" policy ot J the News and Courier, it has caused the loss of fully as many Conservative mem? bers from the upper'Counties, so that the State at large has gained nothing. By that policy we are losing strength at every election. We pretend to oppose the Republican party, but voluntarily put ourselves under its care and guidance, oily asking that a few crumbs from their political banquet may be thrown to j Charleston, in return for the conciliation. Last year Union lost a Conservative member by the coalition policy, and we refer our readers to the able article on our first page, taken from the Anderson Intelligencer, to show how much mischief \ the same policy has done in that County. The upper Counties of South Carolina are growing in Conservative or Democrat? ic strength, and, as Governor Chamber? lain said in his Greenville speech; the leaven of honesty and reform must come from there. The tendency of the negro, or Republicap vote is from the upper Counties to the lower Counties of the State, consequently while the bargain and sale policy of Charleston is a crain to that County, in Conservative influence iu the Legislature, the adoption of that policy in the upper Counties is not only a loss to them, of conservative strength in the Councils of the State now, but prevents the party from advancing for future permanent conquests. j The idea that the organization of the Conservative party, at this time will have a tendency to prevent an alliance with some wing of the Radical party is pre posterous in theory and too absurd to be put in practice. If there are any important numbers of so-called "independent republicans" who f honestly wish to co-operate with us to secure an honest and economical govern? ment for South Carolina, what greater inducement could we offer them than a | well organized, well drilled army of 60, 000 voters to assist them. Those very republicans have been educated in the school of a well organized political par? ty, and they have no faith in a party that is; not thoroughly organized, conse? quently they are not likely to come to us until they see we are organized. It isi time the Conservative citizens of the upper Counties begin to act forf themselves, and independent of those irretrievably republican Counties in the lower part of the State. The Conserva? tive strength of the State is in the up? per' Counties; but if we continue the coalition and temporizing policy hereto? fore i adopted, we cannot increase that strength, but will retrogade and ultimate? ly be dragged into the republican ranks. To such an end, it seems to us, the News and Courier and those who follow its lead are leading us. The Neios and Courier we fear has en? veloped itself in the belief that Charles? ton is the State, and we are sorry to find many papers in the upper part of the State falling into that same obsolete idea. We say the tactics that have been suc? cessful iu Charleston are ruinous to the upper Counties and result in no advan? tage,to the Conservative party through? out the State. The coalition doctrine is dead as hector in this County, Anderson and Spartanburg, and will be in some other Counties in a few years; and then iu those Counties the Democratic vote will become permanent majorities, while in Charleston the youngest child now living will see no change in its political status. At every recurring election there the Conservatives will have to trade with the Republicans to secure a chance for representation in the State, County and | City Councils. The upper Counties demand the imme? diate organization of the Democratic party. In this Congressional District particularly, it is felt to be necessary. We can elect a Democratic Congressman, if we have time to thoroughly canvas for it. We havje lost two elections for the want of time foro?r candidates'toBraake themselves known among the people, and we see no sense in committing the same foolish error, merely to secure to Charles? ton a Conservative representation in the ] State Legislature, particularly when it is so apparent that there is nothing to be gainea to the party throughout the State by such a policy. " We cannot sec where the Democratic party has gained by coalescing with Re? publicans, and we can see no reason why we should not at once take an indepen? dent stand and organize, without consid? ering whether it will please the Repub? lican party, or any wing of it, or not.? Union Times. ? Be just?because equity sustains the human race. . . Be good?because goodness enchains hearts. Be indulgent?because, feeble thyself, thou shonldst bear with the feebleness of others. Be kind?because kindness secures af? fection. Be grateful?because gratitude nourish? es liberality. Be modest?because pride is offensive to thy fellow beings. Pardon injuries?because vengeance perpetuates hate. Render good for evil?because in this way you will rise superior to the evil do? er, and make him your friend. Be forbearing, temperate, chaste? because voluptuousness, intemperance and sensuality, are destructive to your existence; and will render it misera? ble. ? Rev. Mr. Kalloch of California for? merly of Massachusetts, thinks that there is no more sin in going to a theatre than in going to a church festival, but that young men should not go to either when their washing bills are unpaid. The Synod of South Carolina. The annual meeting of the Synod of Sauth Carolina was held in Yorkville, November 4, Thursday, 10 A. M. The opening sermon was preached by the re? tiring moderator, Rev. E. H. Buist, of Cheraw, S. GL from 1 Kings, 6, 7: "And the house which was building was built of stone, made ready before it was brought thither; so that there was neither ham? mer, nor axe, nor any tool of iron heard is the house while it was building." The silent progress of the church as illustrated by the text was ably and forcibly pre? sented. After the exercises of public warship, and the Synod was constituted with prayer, the members present were enrolled. There were present during the sessions forty-nine ministers and forty-one ruling elders. The following ministers were invited to seats as corresponding members: Rev. J. W. Dickson, ofM. E. Church; Bev. J. A. Waddell, D. D., of the Synod of Memphis; Rev. J. B. Mack, Rev. A. P. Hepburn, (Davidson College,) Rev* S. Taylor Martin, (Charlotte Institute,) of the Synod of North Carolina; Rev. M. Latham, of A. R. Church, Yorkville. Reports from the Presbyteries show that we have ninety minister, one hun? dred and fifty-three churches, thirteen li? centiates, and twenty-four candidates. Rev. W. P. Jacobs gave a brief and graphic history of the Thornwell Orphan? age, and returned thanks to the members of the Synod and the churches they rep? resent for the generous aid they have af? forded him in carrying forward this be? nevolent enterprise. Mr. Jacobs stated that a commodious building has been erected at a cost of $5,000, and comforta? bly furnished, connected with which is a tract of land containing one hundred and twenty acres. The building, furniture, acd grounds, are fully paid for. There are at present fourteen inmates. Many other applications have been postponed for want of funds. It is proposed to raise a permanent endowment of $25,000. The first instalment of $500 was recently donated by a lady, who after observing the workings of the institution, increased the sum to $1,500. Mr. Jacobs deserves great credit for his energy and persever? ance in pushing forward this noble char ity. A resolution was offered and earnestly advocated by Rev. J. O. Lindsay, that the Synod cordially unite with the board of directors of the Theological Seminary at Columbia, in requesting Dr. Girardeau to reconsider his declination of the call of the General Assembly to the chair of theology. The resolution was unani? mously and enthusiastically passed by a rising vote. Returning thanks to the Synod for the honor conferred, and the confidence reposed in him. he asked for a few c ays to consider their action. Rev. T. H. Law, of Spartanburg Presbytery of South Carolina, was elec? ted to fill the office of stated clerk of the Synod, made vacant by the death of Rev. Wm. Banks, who, for many years, faith? fully discharge the duties of this o:fice. The subject of the readjustment of the bo inds of the presbyteries was discussed. It was resolved that the report of the committee be published, and the atten? tion of the presbyteries be particularly called to it, that they be prepared for in? telligent and judicious action at the next meeting of the synod. The Rev. J. N. Waddell, D. D.,?was heard upon the subject of education. Tb e venerable secretary of the assembly's conmittee presented the cause with great zeal, and, we trust, made a deep impres? sion. Among other facts, it was stated that the number of our candidates might, be doubled, were there funds enough in the treasury to support them. Prof. Hepburn presented the cause of Davidson College. He desired to re? move the erroneous impression that the. college was an exclusively Presbyterian ins'.itution, inculcating Presbyterian, doc? trines. The course of instruction does not interfere with the religious opinions of iitudens of any denomination. The resolution concerning the employ? ment of a Synodical Evangelist, post por. ed from last meeting of Synod, was taken up. On motion of Rov. J. G. Law, ana afted some discussion, it was indefinitely postponed. Dr. Girardeau was the minister designated for this wee k; but the Synod has already echoed the voice of the Assembly, calling him to ?. more important post. The report on the Theological Semina? ry at Columbia was on the whole,, en? couraging. Twenty-four students were reported in attendance. During the sessions of the synod the fos ael was preached morning and night 7 Rev. F. Jacobs, D. D., (by whom the Yorkville church was organized,) Rev. J. H. Bryson of Columbia, Rev. J. & Mack, of Rock Hill, N. CL Rev.. J. O. Lindsay, Rev. J. Read, and Rev. J. '.i,. Girardeau, D. D. The pulpits "ef the various churches, white and colored, were filled on the Sabbath by members of the Synod. The most interesting exercise of the occasion was the mass missionary meeting held on Friday night, when a thrilling address was made by one of our missionaries fron China, on the character and reli? gions of that ancient and populous em? pire . The collection taken amounted to $137. Addresses, were also made by Dr. Pluoaer, Dr. Girardeau and Rev.. J! O. Luiclsay. : An 'overture - Was- pr?Jen-fetf* fror i 'S. O. Presbytery asking Synod' to' approve a Sunday-School convention^-' After considerable discussion it was re? ferred to the next meeting of Synod. Since the last meeting three deaths of 6rominent ministers were reported, viz: lev. States Lee, of Charleston,;. Rev. William .Banks, of Bethel; and Eev. Gillfert Morgan, of Harmony Presbytery, and appropnate pbituary.iiotices read be? fore the Synod. The narrative of the state of religion was unusually encouraging. The year , has been signalized by numerous revivals in various parts of our Synod. Bethel reported 160 additions to churches, and Sou;h Carolina Presbytery 340 during the past six months. | These remarkable results have attended the ordinay means of grace. Resolutions were offered thanking the good people of Yorkville and vicinity for their generous hospitality, and ?the va? rious railroad companies 'for the reduc? tion of fares..!..// . ? . Notwithstanding the inclemency of the wea;her the meeting was an unusually pleasant one. While the elements were raging without^.there were no stormy de? bates disturbing the peaceful and haTmo niois sessions pf Synod, and there was nothing but <meerful sunshine within the quie t homes of Yorkville. - ? Tie Synod adjourned to meet in Cam den, October 23,1876. B. ? An Englishman was boasting to a Yankee that they had a book in the. Brit sh museum which was once owned by CScero. "Oh, that ain't nothin-," re? plied the Yankee; "in the museum in Boston, they've got the lead pencil that Noah used to check off the animals that wem; into the ark." ? They have found a petrified Mor? mon in Utah, and from the number of dents in the head, evidently made with a poker and flat iron, it is judged that he had at least thirty-three avivcs. Evtl Speaking.?Speaking evil of others is one of the most un imiable hab? its that can be acquired, and often leads to infinite mischief. It is not always easy to avoid it, for there are a great many people in the world, who are not what they ought to be, who do many things that they ought not to do. It is hard for a blunt, generous mind to refrain from expressing itself about mean people and mean acte. There is something in mean ness and dishonesty that rouses the luxu? ry of denouncing them in bold and un? sparing terms. But the practice is u troublesome and dangerous one. Them are occasions when it is our duty to speal: out in exposure of wrong. But in gen ? eral it is the best to abstain from evil speaking, even of evil persons. We am. not made judges of others'' actions.? No one has a right to assume the char? acter of arbiter and censor. Even thn best of us have our faults, and, if every one should presume to .denounce the vices and misconduct df others, the world would be given up to defamation. We may see andnear much that we do not ana can not like; we may become cognizant of the many evil deeds done by evil persons; but it is a part of wis? dom and discretion to pass them by without notice, except when to speak , of them cautiously may be necessary a: . a warning to friends. We all have endugh ?l enemies in this world, without provoking others by ill-tempered com? ments. The enmity of evil men is th* thing to be avoided, for while it can do us no good, it may do us much harm. Besides, we make mistakes in the haste of - honest indignation, and speak.evil of good men for acts we do not understand. Such a mistake is worse than the other, for while it is .imprudent to promiscuously denounce evil men, it is a cruel wrong to defame a good one. Useful Information.?A red ? hot iron passed over old putty will soften % so that it is easily removed. It may not be generally known that; boiling fruit a long time without sugar and without a cover is very economical, because the bulk of the scum rises from the fruit and not from the sugar; boiling without a cover allows the water to evap jorate, and so the fruit is firmer and bet? ter flavored. A breeder of-poultry writes : Every spring I procure a quantity of cedar boughs, and scatter them plentifully 'in and around the hen-house. This is all that is necessary, as the odor of the cedar keeps away lice. This remedy is cheap, simple, and effective, and is well worth trying by all who have hens to care for. Croup can be cured in,one minute, and the remedy is simply alum and sugar. The way to accomplish the deed is to take a knife or grater and shave it off in small particles, about a teaspoonful of alum, then mix it with about 4wice its quantity of sugar to make it palatable, and administer it as quickly as possible. Almost instantaneous relief will follow. The white of an egg is said to be a specific for fish bones sticking in the throat. It is to be swallowed raw. and will carry down a bone easily and cer- - tainly. There is another fact touching eggs, which it will be well to remember. When, as sometimes by accident, corro? sive sublimate is swallowed, the white of one or two eggs taken will neutralize the Soison, and change the effect to that of a ose of calomel. All Sorts of Paragraphs. ? Why is making love like studying law ? Because it's making ready for court? ing. ? What is that which no one wishes to have and no one wishes to lose? A bald head. , '? The most irredeemable bonds yet known to the financial and moral world are vagabonds. Do not entertain too high opinion of your own ability, and do not. distrust the abilities of others. ? If your sister fall into a well, why Couldn't you rescue'her? Because you .' couldn't be a brother and assist her too. ? A little boy, gazing 'upon an old picture of his mother, taken m low dress, remarked, ''Mamma; you was mos' ready for bed when that picter was taken." ? ''Blesu you," said John Henry, with tears in his eyes, "she takes her own hair ? off so easy that perhaps she doesn't know how it hurts to have mine ""'pulled out" ? From the number of trimmings now ?ut on ladies' dresses it is reasonably, pre icted that the coming winter is to be an uncommonly hard one?for husbands and fathers. '? The Chicago Inter-Ocean wants to stop women from kissing each other when they meet Such kissing is - noth? ing ; they don't bear on or roll their eyes . , a sinlge bit ; ? . . , ? In a country churchyard there is the following epitaph: "Here lies the body ' of Jas. Robertson; &nd R?th, his' wife;" and underneath this text: 'Theirwar-' I fare is accomplished."""* ? "Six feet in his^bbots1"o?S'claimed Mrs. Partington, "what will, the impu? dence of this world come to, I wonder. Why, 'they might as well tell me the'man had six heads m his-hat"'" ,,' "?'."?' ? A man? praising his"poirteril!saia'it ? was so excellent a beverage that though taken in great quantities,- it alwars made.1 him fat. "I have seen the time/': said' another, 11:when -it made..yon,--Iommm! "When? I;should:be!gla4 tbtne,w,r,ini. quired .the'.eulogist -fWbjf no,,#nger, tW.la3tnigjht^agaui8t'awaU.". . ? ,-? It is related that when Mis. Hour: Richardson, 'late of Baldwm';'MeV,Vas'in' her ninetieth year, as'she waVbde^day eating a fine; apple,' she remarked"' that' she Would like1 to raise some fruit-of that kind. She therefore planted : the" seeds; one of which ?prouted and became a thrifty tree, ..'Mr*; Richardson lived to be ninety-seven years old,(and. ate. fruit from tie-tree. . , ->Ui*U j ? A Texas Judge is crealteq with the following decision i "The7 fact is) Jone^ the jail is an old, rickety-affair, as cold a? an iron wedgeJ Yoh'?hpplied'to this' court for a release cm bail, riving it as your opinion that you?.would freezefto death there. The weather has not mod?: era ted, and to, keep you from freezing. I will direct the Sheriff to hang you at 4 o'clock this afternoon." -r A Boston paper says ; We have just paid six cents postage, oh a postal 'card sent us because the sender had' 'thought? lessly written a date on the side des igned for the address alone. Pasting anv prin? ted or written matter on either, nice of the card subjects it'to doable letter post age. The directions are explicit that nothing but the name and address must be written on one side of the card, and) that nothing must be attached to the other, any way.. ? ? One gentleman observed to another -: dl have a wife and six children in New York and I never saw one of th'em.* "Were you ever blind?" "01 no/' re? plied the other. A further lapse of time, and then the interrogator resumed the subject "Did I understand yon to' say that you had never' seen one of them?'' "Yes, such is the fact" Here followed a still longer pause in the-conversation, when the interrogator, fairly puzzled, said: "How can it be. that you never, saw one of them?" "W^jy/5 was the answer, "one of them was born after I left."