The Anderson intelligencer. (Anderson Court House, S.C.) 1860-1914, September 16, 1875, Image 1
A GENERATION BACK.
We're apt to think the present times
Are sadly out of joint,
To sigh, and then toward ages past
The reverent finger point!
Of model husbands, model wives,
Say we there was no lack
Of manners, morals, pride and worth,
A generation back!
The girls were modest, neat and fair,
The boys were brave and true ;
They labored on, from sun to sun,
With joy and pleasures few.
The children went to bed at dark,
And seemed to have the knack
Of being seen and never heard,
A generation back!
J
And thus it is from age to ago,
And thus 'twill ever be;
The scenes enacted long ago,
With partial eyes we see.
Our offspring in the years to come
Will tread the beaten track,
And praise the conduct of their sires,
A generation back I
Editorial >Totes.
The Atlanta Herald is one of the best
newspapers in the Southern States. Its
energy and enterprise in gathering news
from every quarter of the globe deserves
especial consideration. It has met with
unexampled success, and has a brilliant
and useful career within its grasp.
India used to send her millions of bales
of cotton to England for manufacture;
now, England is sending her cotton ma?
chinery to India, where the raw material
is manufactured into yarns and fabrics.
The Southern States have sent their cot?
ton to Old England and New England
for manufacture; now, the manufactu?
rers of New England, at least, are ready
to send their machinery to the Southern
States, where cotton manufacturing pays
better and promises more permanent re?
sults.
The Spartanburg Herald expresses the
opinion that Gov. Chamberlain should
lose no time in pushing up the prosecu?
tions of the other members of the ring,
who are equally guilty as Parker, if he
would retain the confidence of the Con?
servatives who have stood by him in the
fight he has been making against the
official plunderers. This opinion is gain?
ing ground throughout the State, which
proves that the people are much inter?
ested in the conviction of public robbers,
if Gov. Chamberlain is not.
?
The Greenville Enterprise and Moun?
taineer says "the great want of William?
ston in the summer time is accommoda?
tion for visitors from the lower portion
of the State; and a large hotel conve?
niently located and properly kept would
no doubt secure to it many visitors who
now pass through, and we hear that such
an one is in contemplation. If no pri?
vate party will undertake the enterprise,
we think the property owners' and busi?
ness men would promote their interests
by combining and furnishing the neces?
sary capital." The' suggestion made by
our contemporary is a good one, which
we hope the good people of Williamston
will seriously take into consideration.
There is no good reason to prevent a
constant influx of health and pleasure
seekers at Williamston during the sum?
mer, except the lack of ample hotel ac?
commodations.
Ex-Governor Vance, of North Caro?
lina, in his recent address before the
Southern Historical Society, related a
secret incident of the war between the
States. Soon after the failure of the
Hampton Roads Conference, he was vis?
ited by the late Gov. Graham, of North
Carolina, who stated to him that many
of the Senators and Representatives in
the Confederate Congress, and other
leading men from the South, who be?
lieved that the end of the war was near,
and who despaired of securing peace
through President Davis, were anxious
for Mr. Vance, as Governor of North
Carolina, to enter into separate terms
with President Lincoln, in order that
other States might be induced to take
part in the movement for the cessation of
hostilities. Gov. Vance said that he de?
clined to take the desired step. The
Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel demands
that Governor Vance give the names of
these men, some of whom may now be
?chosen leaders of the people they were
"willing to betray.
The financial prospects arc truly dis?
couraging, and the number of failures
?which have occurred within the last two
weeks point to another panic of immense
proportions. All that is now wanted to
complete the disaster is the same distrust
and lack of confidence exhibited two
years ago, and the people of the North
and West will feel its terrible effects.
The failure of the Bank of California was
?followed in rapid succession by a large
number of notable collapses, both in
this country and in England. None of
these failures seem to be dependent upon
?ach other, and the causes arc quite va?
rious. Speculation is at the bottom, of
course, and the Northern States are not
yet recovered from the terrible shock of
1873. Gloom, despondency and disaster
in commercial and manufacturing circles
renders the situation there extremely
desperate. Thousands are out of em?
ployment almost in every section, and
the winter prospects are alarming for the
poorer classes. The Southern States are
less likely to suffer than any other locali?
ty, and the man who can keep his head
above the tide, with his family in com?
fort, may be considered blest in these
chaotic times.
? Josh Billings says lie don't care how
much people talk if they would only say
it in a few words.
For the Anderson Intelligencer.
Resources and Advantages of Anderson
Messrs. Editors : I was born and raised
in upper South Carolina, but the last forty
years of my life I have lived in Anderson
County. With your permission, I desire to
present in a very concise manner, through
the medium of your paper, the peculiar
merits and advantages of Anderson County
as they have appeared to me during this
long period of forty years, hoping that it
may meet the eye of some who might be
induced to become settlers among us. It is
possible to realize such a hope at this time,
as almost the entire Northwest has suffered
during this year and the year previous from
grasshoppers, droughts and Hoods, and to
such an extent that many of its citizens
have become dissatisfied, and arc seeking
homes in the milder and more congenial
sections of the country. It would be a good
mo\e at this time if the Grangers would
take some steps to have published in an
extensive form the history and resources of
this County.
The principal things which render a coun?
try desirable are climate, productions, soil,
health, market facilities, churches, schools,
law-abiding citizens, and equitably adminis?
tered laws. I do not believe there is a sec?
tion to be found anywhere in the United
States which possesses these ad-antages in a
greater degree than Anderson County. Oth?
er sections may possess some one or more of
these advantages to a higher degree, but
then such sections have their disadvantages,
which Anderson County does not possess ;
and these disadvantages go a long way to
render these sections undersirable if they
wen? properly understood. Anderson Coun?
ty has but one apparent drawback, and that
is the wretched government of the State of
which it is a part. But in this, so far, An?
derson County has been to a great extent
exempt, owing to its large white majority,
and consequent freedom from a dishonest
administration of its local government,
which in other counties is the worst feature
of our bad government. Of the section of
the County in which I live, I can speak pos?
itively. Take a section about ten miles
square, and up to the close of the war there
had not been in the twenty-five years pre?
ceding that time, to my certain knowledge,
a law suit, a fight or a drinking saloon, nor
was a single one of its citizens a drunkard.
Anderson County is situated not far from
the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains, but
far enough not to be affected by the early
and late frosts, to any great extent, but yet
near enough to be fanned by the cool and in?
vigorating breezes which are almost con?
stantly blowing from off the mountains.
The thermometer scarcely ever rises higher
in summer than 00? P., and that degree is
I not maintained for a longer period than
three or four days. The winters are short
and comparatively mild?there not being a
day too cold to work in the open air. TIk:
thermometer seldom falls below 10? P., and
that, like it is in the summer time, only for
a few days. The location and temperature
of the County occupying a mean or average
position between the colder North and
warmer South, almost, if not quite, every
production which is grown in the United
States, except the Tropical, arc raised here
to perfection. The principal productions
are corn, cotton, wheat, oats, barley, rice,
ilax, buckwheat, turnips, sweet and irish
potatoes, with all the known vegetables and
fruits. The soil is, for the most part, rich
and fertile, the bottom lands, that is, the Hat
lands lying along the streams subject to
overflow, being the richest. A vast deal of
the land has been cleared in times passed,
and has grown up in pine forest. Under an
improved and better system of farming,
these lands which were once considered ex?
hausted, are found to be rich and produc?
tive, and capable of being improved to a
high degree by a cheaper process than is
known or practiced anywhere in the United
Stales, namely: by sowing and turning
under the cow-pea, which can always be
done on stubble land, after a crop has been
gathered. Our bottom lands, when well
prepared and worked have, in many instan?
ces, produced 75 bushels of corn without
manure. The uplands can, with little ma?
nure and good cultivation, be made to pro?
duce 3000 pounds of seed cotton per acre,
which fact numbers of my fellow-citizens
can verify?from 20 to 35 bushels of corn,
from 50 to 75 bushels of oats, from 25 to .'JO
bushels of wheat; I have raised 100 bushels
of barley per acre myself, and the largest
amount of rice per acre, to my knowledge,
ever raised in the State, was grown near
Pendlcton?Dr. Broyles having raised some
years before the war 112 bushels per acre,
and Mr. Shanklin since the war at the rates
of 130 bushels per acre. Rice is not much
cultivated, and will only grow on the bot?
tom lands. Turnips, cabbage, onions, sweet
and irish potatoes grow in abundance, as
well do all the other vegetables. Peaches,
pears, apples, apricots, plums, cherries, and
grapes of all varieties grow as well as they
do in any other part of the South.
The upper portion, which is nearest the
mountains, has been used as a place of sum?
mer resort by the inhabitants of the low
country for a number of years. Here they
are exempt from cholera, and yellow fever,
such diseases never having been known to
exist in one single instance. ThcGrccnvillc
it Columbia and the Blue Ridge Railroads
traverse the entire County, and the Air Line
road runs just outside the line for its entire
length.
The Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian and
Episcopal denominations are pretty evenly
divided, and have their churches scattered
all over the County, in easy reach of every
neighborhood Schools are maintained in
almost every section of the County, and the
Carolina Collegiate Institute, located at An?
derson C. H., and the Williamston Female
College, located in the village of William
ston, afford ample means for those who
desire their children to be educated thor?
oughly. The citizens are, as a rule, gener?
ous, hospitable and thrifty ; crimes of im?
portance are rarely committed, which is due
both to the peaceable disposition of the peo?
ple and equitable administration of the law.
Pure frcc-stonc water as line as any in the
land gushing from thousands of springs is
not the least of the many blessings which
the God of Nature has bestowed upon this
I favored section of his Green Earth.
County.
Pexdletox, S. C, July 6,1S75.
Owing to causes of wliicli tlierc is no use
to speak, lands are cheap and can always be
readily purchased on the easiest terms, the
prices ranging from ?o to $20, owing to fer?
tility, location and improvements.
Believing that if this generation desires to
witness the development and improvement
of this land, they must encourage immigra?
tion by every means in their power, I have
written this article to revive, if possible, the
interest of our people in that direction. If
yon consider it worth publishing, it is at
your service, but if you have no room for it,
throw it into your waste basket.
R. P. SIMPSON.
Note.?I would not be understood to
mean that the amounts which I stated our
lands do .sometimes produce, are the general
averages, but what I mean is this, that what
a few men can tlo all can accomplish, if they
use the same means, skill and industry.
SOUTH CAROLINA'S CENTENNIAL.
The Address of the Palmetto Gnard In?
viting Co-operation in the Centenni?
al Celebration of the Battle of Fort
Moultrie, June 2Sth, 177G.
The coming anniversary of the 28th
June, 177(3, will complete a century since
that day when, in the harbor of Charles?
ton, a battle was fought which the histo?
rian of the United States luis described
as "the bright morning star and harbin?
ger of American independence." "It
was (in his language) an announcement
to the other colonies of the existence of
South Carolina as a self directing repub?
lic?a message of brotherhood and
union."
The Palmetto Guard, maintaining the
principles bequeathed to them by the
fathers of the Revolution of 1770, revert?
ing with pride to the history of their
corps, and cherishing with fond recol?
lection the memory of their comrades
who, in obedience to the call of their
State, laid down their lives a willing sac?
rifice in the cause they believed to be
right, still feel that they can unite, with
all true-hearted Americans, in commem?
orating the hrst Victory gained in the
struggle for independence. They there?
fore propose, on the 2Sth June, 1876, to
celebrate the one hundredth anniversary
of that battle, so memorable in the an?
nals of the State of South Carolina, so
potent in the influence it had upon the
thirteen colonies then preparing for the
struggle destined to take from (Treat Ilri
tain control of them and their fortunes,
and to create a government, resting upon
the consent of the governed, of free, sov?
ereign and independent States.
Worthy of remembrance by the people
of this State as is that battle, and urgent?
ly appealing as do the members of the
Palmetto Guard to the people of this
State to unite with them in the celebra?
tion of the return of the day on which it
was fought, they do not intend to confine
that celebration to the people of this
State only.
To regard it only as an incident of*
State history, is to take away its large
proportions as an event of national im?
portance, and to do justice to the gallant
men who on that day made themselves
worthy of a place in the history of the
whole country, of which our State is a
part.
It is therefore proposed that the cele?
bration on the 2Sth June, 1876, of the
battle of Fort Moultrie on the 2Sth June,
177G, shall be, as was the battle itself, a
message of brotherhood and union. To
all, whether of the North or South, the
East or West, who cherish with feelings
of pride and satisfaction the recollection
of that and of every contest which
marked the progress of the thirteen col?
onies to their political independence, and
the guaranty given in their final success,
for life, liberty, and the pursuit of hap?
piness," there shall be in this forthcom?
ing celebration a hearty and generous
welcome. And if, as is wished for, there
shall be, after the lapse of a century,
(whatever of differences have existed
during that time,) a renewal of the spirit
which animated those who accomplished
for us the great results of the American
Revolution?and that renewal be exhib?
ited on the spot where the men of our
State offered themselves sacrifices for the
principles they asserted?if all who now
enjoy the blessings secured by the men
of that Revolution shall transmit them
to those who shall survive and succeed
them; then will Time have added in?
crease of fame and honor to those whose
constancy and courage checked an inva?
sion supposed to be irresistible.
To recall the battle of Fort Moultrie
is to recall the memories of the men
whose names will live in all time in hon?
orable connection with it. Like the bat?
tle which they fought, they belong to
history. They were of this State, but in
fighting for their State they fought also
for a principle, which they claimed not
for themselves and their State only, but
for all who with them were willing to
defend and do battle for life, liberty and
honor.
"Our laws and religion," said John
Rutlcdge, "and the liberties of America
shall be maintained and defended to the
utmost of my power." "On my part,"
he said, "a most solemn oath has been
taken for the faithful discharge of my
duty."
His duty then, is our duty now. The
oath he swore we must keep. Our laws,
our religion, and the liberties of Ameri?
ca do at this day devolve a duty upon us
for their protection, as sacred as was the
duty in his day, when that distinguished
man declared that the government which
could secure these great ends was one of
which "the consent of the people is the
origin, and their happiness the end."
In that century so near to its close,
during which our government has exer?
cised its powers, there have been divis?
ions and differences; and at a recent
period these assumed the large propor?
tions of that civil war which convulsed
every part of our country. .
All will hope that such a contest will
never again arise; and when remem?
bered, the lofty devotion of cither .side
to the convictions of duly, the unsur?
passed gallantry and heroism with which
each rallied around and upbore the ban?
ner that symbolized that faith, shall ever
be recalled as the proud heritage of a
common country.
The civilized world was amazed at the
vast resources which that contest, exhib?
ited, and which showed that they who
then fought each other, when in a com?
mon cause they would light together,
would be confident against "the world in
arms."
A wise people, who live under one
government, and in all matters of na?
tional interest lind their welfare in the
protection which its power affords, will
give to it faithful obedience and honest
support. Let none seek to revive the
dissensions of other days, and perpetuate
feelings of bitterness and bate, or prefer
strife to quiet, disorder to law. Let all
rather make sacrifice of passion and pre*
judicc to secure the harmonious action of
the whole people of this widely extended
country in the restored bond of a Consti?
tutional Union. Let the hope animate
all, that the great heart of the people of
the United ?States will beat responsive to
the wish for an "indestructible union" of
"indestructible States," which shall guar?
antee the citizens of every .State alike in
the enjoyment of those inalienable rights
for which Moultrie fought and Warren
died. It was for this that the men of
this State fought, with no other breast?
work than their pens of palmetto logs on
Sullivan's Island ; and it is this which
they have transmitted, as a trust to be
preserved.
To all, therefore, whose sympathies are
in union with such principles as animated
the men of 177(3, the Palmetto Guard
will give hearty welcome at their ap?
proaching celebration. And all such
will gladly unite in doing honor to the
day which in our national calendar marks
an event so memorable, in itself and for
the great result of which it was the har?
binger.
To gather together on the very spot
where the battle was, fought; to*recall
the long and sultry day during which the
men stood at their guns; the anxious
beating hearts, which, from all places,
giving a view of the battle, were crowded
together, watching its progress with feel
ings the most intense; to summon up the
images of the men who, within the fort,
knew no fear save that their powder
might not hold out; to recall Moultrie
coolly smoking his pipe, and giving his
orders, undismayed, for he was there to
repel the attack or die, he had chosen
his lot, and Motte and Horry were his
noble panscrs in that lot; to mark the
spot where Jasper spoke these words:
"Don't let us light without a ring," in
which there was a sentiment of far great?
er import than was in- the mind of the
honest and bold soldier, and under the
inspirations which will then prevail do
honor to those who then did so much for
all who now live and enjoy the blessings
they secured, will be an inducement
which few can resist.
It is well for us to revert to those days;
to commune in the spirit of the men of
those times; to revive the spirit with
which they dared to do all that gave lib?
erty to the people of these United States.
The differences which threatened the
Union are ended?settled, we hope, now
and forever. War, we trust, will not di?
vide those whose welfare is to be in peace
with each other. The first century of
our political existence is near its close.
In the glorious reminiscences which ush?
ered it in, let us seek to bury the demon
of discord, and, witii the opening of
another century, let there go forth to
every part of these United States, from
the site of Fort Moultrie, the same mes?
sage which, on the 28th June, 177G, was
borne from its battlements to every one
of the thirteen Colonies.
cextexxial COMMITTEE OF THE pal?
metto guard.
George L. Buist, Charles Kerrison, jr.,
B. C. Webb, J. II. Simmons,
J. J. Wcscoat, J. Bennett Bisscll,
C. Mahoney, S. G. Pinckncy,
Hall T. McGee, ft. B. Simons,"
A. B. Murray.
The Keeley Motor.?We take the
following from the X. Y. titui: "There
is now on exhibition in a show window
on Chestnut street, Philadelphia, the
giant guagc constructed for the purpose
of registering Mr. Keeley's 'power.' It
stands about four feet and a half high,
and registers 54,000 pounds to the square
inch, being the largest guagc in exist?
ence. It is beautifully ornamented and
plated with silver. It cost $1,000, $500
of which was required to be paid before
work was commenced on it. Jt is stated
that the government has just ordered a
similar one to be constructed for its use.
The largest government gauge now is 20,
000 pounds to the square inch. Mr.
Keeley is more elevated in spirits than
ever. J le goes to his shop almost every
night, besides his work during the day,
and there runs and watches his machine,
i. e., the old apparatus. Sometimes he
hits one or two of the company with him.
The. machine is kept running until 10 or
11 o'clock, when it is stopped and all re?
tire. All this time it has been running
with the same water, the vapor being
constantly dissipated and reproduced.
All connected with the company of the
motor have been more or less disappoint?
ed by the delay. But their hopes have
brightened greatly the last week or two,
as they believe the time is not far distant
when the wonder of the nineteenth cen?
tury will be put into successful opera?
tion."
The Prosperity of Small Farmers.
?We have often had occasion to call at?
tention to the fact that those we arc ac?
customed to call "small farmers" arc
generally the most prosperous people in
the South. They are not so because
small farms and very limited operations
are, in themselves, best, but because
those farmers are working in harmony
with their circumstances. They have
accepted the situation, and put their own
hands to the plough. I laving small cap?
ital, ami often very limited knowledge
and skill, they go safely, as they see the
way clearly before them. The large
planter, on the contrary, often without
any capital at all of his own, attempts
on borrowed money, (at fearful high
retcs of interest,) to conduct large
operations, without closely counting the
cost of risks, and fails, as any sound
minded man, not infatuated with cotton,
would see that he must. This docs not
prove that small farms and small farm?
ing are necessarily most profitable, but
that our operations, both as to method
and to extent, must correspond with our
capital and other circumstances.?Rural
Carolinian.
? Mrs. Mi'.liss was asked the other day
how she managed to get along so nicely
with Mr Millis, and frankly replied:
"Oh I feed him well. When a woman
marries, her happiness for a little while
depends upon the stale of her husband's
heart; aller that it's pretty much accord?
ing to the slate, of his stomach."
? Student-"Well, professor, I have
just discovered wind 1 was cut on! for."
Professor?"Well, what is il ?" Student
"For loafing." Professor -"The man
thai, did the cultim* understood his busi
Capital and Labor.
The following extract from an address
recently delivered in North Carolina be
forea council of Patrons of Husbandry, by
ex-Gov. Z. B. Vance, is full of plain
common sense and practical and useful
suggestions upon the subject of capital
and labor to workers in any department
of life:
Jirain manure is our great want; educa?
tion for young and old, especially in mat?
ters pertaining to agriculture. We don't
so much need laborers as a proper utiliza?
tion of that we have. Instead of croak?
ing so much at the negroes we should
work a little more ourselves. At every
depot and cross-roads in the State, you
may see any day crowds of idlers stand?
ing around loose, whittling slicks and
spitting at a mark, abusing the negro as a
laborer, lamenting the scarcity of money,
and hoping for that issue of '$44,OUO,000
of reserve lately discussed in Congress
and cussed elsewhere. There is really no
ground for despondency anywhere. Not?
withstanding our great Jossas by war,
substantially all that we had before is
here. Our mother earth is here, and our
tillers of it are undisturbed; the early
and latter rains still fall according to the
promise and the genial sunshine still
warms and fructifies as of old, whilst the
goodness of God still bestows the in?
crease. The strength and courage of our
people are still with them; and though
alas I many of our bravest and best are
not here, yet all the glorious recollections
of our history remain to cheer and bless
us. And the negro, too is here, as good
or better than he was before, if we know
how to work him. Don't despair of find?
ing a way to do that. You say he won't
work unless he is compelled?very well,
neither will white men. But compulsion
is of different sorts. Formerly you com?
pelled him by virtue of being his master
?now, compel him to work by force of
his necessities. Show him that you can
live without him, put your own hand to
the plough and say to him, if you will
help, well; if not, well again; enforce
the laws against vagabondage, and he
will gladly work when he cau do no bet?
ter. At present he thinks he can make a
living by voting, but he will come out of
that in due season. On the whole, I am
inclined to think he is the best laborer
we are likely to get in the South ; as he
is the best tool we have with which to
cultivate the soil, let us sharpen and im?
prove him in every possible way. And
for this great Anglo-Saxon people, whose
blood has filled the earth with the most
beneficent and utilitarian civilization it
has ever witnessed, and strewed the
shores of its oceans with mighty cities,
reticulated its surface with steam roads,
covered the wild seas with the white
wings of commerce, and even invaded
their unknown depths with the iron-shod
pathways of the lightning, for these men
to acknowledge that the wheels of their
progress are stopped because the negroes
won't work and keep contracts, is a sorry
spectacle indeed ! Shame to us, if it be
so !
And as to capital, the want of which
makes us complain so loudly?are we
really suffering for that? I say not.
We are suffering from a want of capacity
to use what we have, rather. What re?
lief would a fresh issue of government
currency do us, unless wc had the equiv?
alent to give for it? Suppose that forty
four millions were given to us, how long
would wc keep it, if our consumption
annually exceeded our sales as far as it
does now? Like water seeking its level
it would soon find its way to those who
had a surplus to give for it. What is
the use of an idle fellow lounging around
with his hands in his pockets, without a
thing in the world to sell, but who buys
his very axe handle and his cabbage
seed from the North, abusing Eastern
capitalists for grabbing all thecurrency?
Let him raise a bale of cotton, and sec
if be don't rob that Yankee of some of
his ill-gotten gains? Let him grow his
own pork, Hour, corn, and hay, and see
if that bloated bondholder don't have to
shell out? To give you some idea of our
condition as to capital, I would refer you
to two or three points in our State. In
Charlotte, which is the biggest town of
its size in the United States, wc have
five chartered banks, with a capital paid
in of $85,000. Their deposits will exceed
SI,000,000, on which they pay 6 per
cent?total, ?2,350 000. Raleigh has, I
learn, over $600,000 on deposit, and
Wilmington some ?800,000, and their
banking capital is about half their de?
posits?total bank capital in three towns,
about ?1,550,000; deposits ?2,900,000.
Now, seven-tenths of these deposits be?
long to our farmers?such men as you,
down on middle men, and clamorous for
more capital. What do they do with it ?
Will they lend to their neighbors who
are in straits and haven't got well on
iheir feet since the war, and secure it by
a mortgage at 6, S, or 10 per cent. ?
Not one in ten. You haven't confidence
in your neighbor, though he mortgages
his farm ; but you put it in one of these
banks on long call at G per cent., and
your neighbors go to the bank and bor?
row it at 18 per cent., to raise the wind
for the next crop. Or he goes to a com?
mission merchant and buys his supplies
on a credit, at a cost of over ?U per cent
over cash prices, and mortgages his crop
in advance to pay for them ; and when
that mortgage is. foreclosed, your crop
gone, no supplies on hand, and the same
process to be gone over again the next
year, you say, its want of more capital.
O, my brother, take no offence, I pray
you, at the wounds of a friend, when 1
say it is a want of common sense and
common charity toward each other.
Make your own supplies, and you will
not have to borrow so much money. If
you have any to loan, let your neighbor
have it, unless you had rather see. the
hanker speculate on your money than
him. Nobody blames the banker or the
commission merchant. If they can run
a machine on your money, who should
abuse them for it? Not I, for one.
Learn to use your capital wisely before
you clamor for more. Tour your surplus
cash on your farms, or into manufactu?
ring, instead of the banks, and you will
knock out a middle man every lick.
? I >r. Allen, of Philadelphia, was
preaching tine day in Tennessee to the
IVcedmeii, when an old colored brother
i came to him alter the sermon, ami said :
"I like In hear you preach, for I under?
stand your preaching.'' "I am very glad
of it," replied the doctor. "But I under?
stand every word you say."' "I hope so;
I try hi make myself understood."
Again the old A frieaii came lo I he charge.
"Yes." In-said. "I understand you jes
as well if you was a nigger." Dr. Mien
acknowledged the compliment.
The North ami the South.
A lecture by A. W. Spates, a lawyer of
Baltimore and a member of the Fifth
Maryland regiment, on "A Southron's
Impressions of Boston"?impressions
made by Boston's reception of her South
em guests at the Bunker Hill centennial
?was delivered in New York. The fol?
lowing extracts are taken from his ad?
dress, which was received with applause:
I thank Heaven to-day that the oppor?
tunity has been presented by your cen?
tennial to have the North and ihe South
meet together and understand each other
as they never have before. Coming to
you apparent strangers, we discover you
to be the worthy descendants of that
noble ancestry whose deeds of daring and
renown are marked in imperishable
characters upon every page, telling of
your noble actions and illustrating be?
yond the power of description the genius
of the people. If upon the 17th day of
June, 1875, you commenoratcd the "lay?
ing of one of the foundation stones of
liberty, you also laid broad and deep the
foundation of a future nation on the place
shaken by recent events, carrying joy to
the hearts of the sons and daughters of
the South, telling them to forget the past
and join hands with you in that grand
triumphal march destined to astonish the
world, blotting out the terrible recollec?
tions of that sanguinary struggle which
shrouded their homes with gloom and
filled their land with graves. I speak
from the deepest depths of my heart
when I say that no words I can utter or
sentiments I can otter can adequately ex?
press my sense of your glorious conduct.
Your warm welcome will ever be remem?
bered with the strongest love and affec?
tion, and with the certain feeling that if
successful in war you have been more so
in peace, forcibly demonstrating the fact
that "peace has its victories no less re?
nowned than war." Would to God that
the people of every section of that fair
country lying between the Pacific and
Atlantic could have seen you as I have
seen you. I thank Heaven that a better
spirit than that of blind partisanship is
on its way, and that in many places in
the South on memorial day the weeping
friends of Southern dead came with the
brightest gems garnered in the laboratory
of nature, to deposit them upon the
graves of Northern and Southern alike.
But, people of Boston, citizens of Mas?
sachusetts, freemen of America, will you
not assist in transmitting to posterity this
land of the free and the home of the
brave? Anticipating your answer, the
South is desirous of joining hands with
you ; we greet you as friends, as brothers
represented by one Hag, having one coun?
try, worshiping one God. Oh, if there is
any one having feelings of revenge or
hatred, let him stifle them for the good
of America, and future ages will bless
him for it. Will you assist in wiping
away the tear of sorrow, in healing the
wounds of the past, that once more we
may be a united and [prosperous people,
ami we will show you that we have not
forgotten Bunker Hill, and Concord, and
Lexington. The sons of the South came
from their far-off homes to greet you.
and you have convinced us that the
teachings of Webster were not in vain,
that you recognize and appreciate other
sections than your own. Henceforth let
us not despair of the republic should ene?
mies threaten it with destruction and
seek to obliterate it from the list of na?
tions. Maryland?I think I am justified
in saying the entire South?will be the
first to join hands with Massachusetts in
striking down that power having the
temerity to make the attempt.
Why Should People Read??Why
should people read ? and what is the
real, solid value of printed matter?
These are three good reasons for reading,
and we can think of no others. They
are to be made wiser, to be made nobler
and to be innocently recreated. Books
which neither confer information which
is worth having, nor lift the spiritual
part of us to loftier regions, uor, by ju?
dicious diversion, refreshen the mind for
further serious efforts, are bad books,
and the reading of such is invariably
idleness, and usually the most danger?
ous kind of idleness. Reading is not, as
many people nowadays seem to suppose,
good in itself, as so many things are
by no means as highly thought of. All
energy that is not injurious, wasteful or
subtracted from some other effort incum?
bent upon him who puts it forth, is good
?as walking, riding, boating and the
rest. Bat the reading of which we speak
can not, under the most favorable con?
struction, be regarded as energy. On the
contrary, it is the very laziest form of
laziness. People fly to it when they
think they have nothing else to do, and
they flatter shemselves that by reading
they are really doing something; and
thus, nine times out of ten, they exon?
erate themselves from the obligation of
performing some genuine duty which is
distasteful to them.?HaWt Jottrnal.
Pox't Expose the Baby's Asms.?A
distinguished Paris physician says: "I
believe that, during the twenty years I
ha ve practiced my profession, 2U,0t)0chil?
dren have been carried to the cemeteries,
a sacrifice to the absurd custom of expo?
sing their arms. Put the bulb of a ther?
mometer in a baby's mouth, and the mer?
cury rises to 1)0 degrees. Now carry the
same to its little hand ; if the arm be bare
and the evening cool, the mercury will
sink to 50 degrees. Of course, all the
blood that flows through these arms must
fail from ID to40 degrees below the tem?
perature ot the heart. Need I say, when
these currents of the blood flow back to
the chest, the child's vitality is more or
less compromised .' And need I add that
we ought not to be surprised at its frequent
recurring affections of the tongue, throat
or stomach? 1 have seen more than one
child, with habitual cough or hoarseness,
entirely relieved by simply keeping the
hands and arms warm."
? A little boy wanted to borrow his
aunt's dog for a moment, and asked her
to let him have a piece of string, so that
he could lead him. "What are you going
to do with him?'' said the good lady.?
The bey hesitated for a moment, and then
said: "Well, you see, a boy round the
corner bet me his dog was a larger d?>g
than yours." Well," said the aunt, "sup?
pose it turns out that his dog is the larger
one ?" "Then," said the nephew, "you'll
lose your dog."
? It is well enough to note as an inter?
esting fact that the country has never but
once before been without an ex-Presi?
dent ; but 'here is no occasion for any
sent imeulal sadness about it. Asa rule
ex-Presidents have had very little to do
with public a?airs.
The Duty of a lawyer to his Client.
The precise nature of a lawyer's duty
toward his client involves a question of
supreme interest to all civilixcd society,
and of especial significance to the tax?
payers of this city at the present time,
when our courts present the curious spec?
tacle of a convicted and acknowledged
thief attempting to escape the penalties
due to his offences by an appeal to the
technicalities of an outraged law. In
connection with this subject one or two
extracts from an address delivered by
Charles 8. May at the commencement of
the Law Department of the University
of Michigan will be read with interest
and perhaps with profit. In the course
of Iiis argument Mr. May asks the ques?
tion whether a lawyer knowing his client
to be guilty ought to exert himself to the
uttermost, using superior powers and
skill, to obtain a verdict of acquittal, the
same as though he knew him to be inno?
cent. He answers the question as fol?
lows :
"I protest against such a doctrine as a
wrong to society and a slander upon the
law. I insist that the first duty of .the
lawyer is to society and the law, and that
his duty to his client is always subordi?
nate to this higher duty. All this is in?
volved in his lawyer's oath. He is first
of all sworn to uphold the Constitution
of the State. Upon this rests the whole
civil fabric of society. Next he is to be
true to the court. The court represents
and stands for the sanctity and majesty
of the law itself. It is the interpreter
and vindicator of the law. Last, he is
to be true to his client. But he cannot
be true to his client in any just sense
while he is false to society and the law.
That is not the kind of truth he is to
keep with his client. His oath presup?
poses no conflict between his client's in?
terest and the interests of the State. He
is not sworm, therefore, to help a guilty
man, whom he knows to be guilty, to es?
cape at the expense of law and justice."
He then continues:
?'The indiscriminate and over-zealous
defence of criminals without thought or
care as to their guilt; the unreasonable
theories; the unscrupulous tactics; the
browbeating of witnesses; the reckless
assertions and the bold affectations of
truth and innocence?these are things
which have brought criminal advocacy
into disrepute with the people; which
have kept so many able, self-respecting
lawyers from this "department of practice,
and made the very term criminal lawyer
signify want of character and honor;
have almost made, indeed, the adjective
stand for a designation of the kind of
lawyer rather than the kind of practice.
"No, the highest public duty is always
to the State, and nothing must conflict
with that. The lawyer should never for?
get that he is a citizen. He should never
lend himself or hire himself to any ser?
vice which will harm or hurt society.
His noble profession does not require
him to do this. It does not demand that
he be the unscrupulous aider and helper
of ruffians and lawbreakers, nor a mere
unthinking human machine of advocacy.
It has other and higher commands for
him ; other and nobler work for him to
do."
It would be well for society if all law?
yers would act up to principles so conso?
nant with the spirit of law and with jus?
tice, as the.- e,?X. Y. Post.
Calhojn on Greexbacks.?It is
hardly the fashion, now-a-days, to quote
John C. Calhoun on the living political
issues of the day; but the following ex?
tract from his speech in the United
Stases Senate, on the Currency question,
is a good answer to the sneers of the
Bullionists at our excellent "rag money,"
of which we fiud it so difficult to get
enough:
"No one," said Mr. Calhoun, "can
doubt but that the Government credit
is better than that of any bank?more
stable and more safe. Bank paper is
cheap to those who use it. On the other
hand, the credit of the Government,
while it would greatly facilitate its finan?
cial operations, would cost nothing, or
next to nothing, both to it mid the peo?
ple, and would, of course, add nothiag to
the cost of production, which would
give every branch of our industries,
agriculture,commerce and manufactures,
as far as its circulation might extend,
great advantages both at home and
abroad ; and I now undertake to affirm,
and without the least fear that I can be
answered, that a paper issued by Govern?
ment, with a simple promise to receive
it for all its dues, woud, to the extent it
could* circulate, form a perfect paper
circulation, which could be as uniform in
value as the metals themselves; and I
shall be able to prove that it is within
the Constitution and powers of Congress
to use such a paper in the management
of its finances, according to the most
rigid ruleof construing the Constitution."
? In Lee county Georgia, the other
day, a hound struck a trail and followed
it persistently, but for a while no one fol?
lowed. The hound's long continued ab?
sence led to an investigation. His trail
was followed, and, about ten o'clock in
the morning, his baying betrayed his
whereabouts, and when the party arrived
where the hound was, they found?not
an otter or a coon, but a darkey treed.
The hound had struck his trail, run him
down, forced him to take the tree and
kept him there from ten o'clock at night
until two in the morning. Evidently a
dog of the "good old times," and unin?
formed of the thirteenth amendment.
? A certain judge, whose pompous and
officious ways tempted some of the law?
yers to acts which his honor construed to
mean contempt, fined them $10 each.
When they had paid their fines, a certain
dry and steadily going old attorney
walked up to the bench, and very grave?
ly laid down a ten dollar bill. "What is
that for?" said the judge. "For con?
tempt, your honor,*' was the reply.
"Why I have not fined you for con?
tempt," answered the judge. "I know
that," saitl the lawyer; "but I want you
to understand that I cherish a secret con?
tempt for this court all the time, and I
am willing to pay for it."'
? Profanity never did any man the
least good. Xo man is the richer, or
happier, or wiser, for it commends no one
to any society. It is disgusting to the re?
fined; abominable to the good; insulting
to those with whom we associate; de?
grading to the mind; unprofitable; need?
less and injurious to society.
? "John, I wish you'll close that
door," said an irritable father to his son.
"Your mother must be scolding sonic
body at the other end of the hall, therc'i
such a draft from that quarter.*'