Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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Sutern* $nte%ntti. TIio Value of Labor. We copy from the Shubuta (Miss.) Times the annexed report to the Clarke County Grange, which was submitted by Col. J. E. Welborn, a former citizen of Anderson Coun? ty, sod to- which allusion was made last week: Labor is only worth what its products will bring in the-markets of the country free of the cost to- produce iL This proposition no one wall deny. Now, the question to solve and fhlly understand is to know approximately, or to a fraction, if possible, what is the average amount it does produce and the actual cost to produce it with our system of hired labor. In order to arrive at definite conclusions, Smr committee here present a series of calcu tions based on what has been the results of the last several years' operations with the first class kind of labor that we have at $12 per month with board, assuming that one hand cultivated 15 acres of land?half in cotton and half in corn?with a second class plow horse worth $125. Hire of hand.$144.00 Board of hand..*..... 50.00 Tools. 10.00 Interest on plow horse at 10 per cent... 12.50 Damages on wear of horse 10 per cent... 12.50 Feed of horse on year. 75.00 Bent on 16 acres of land at $2 per acre 82.00 Cost of cultivation per acre $21?$336.00 Now, assuming that three acres produce one Bale of cotton of 450 pounds?equal to 150 pounds lint per acre. 8 acres, 1,200 pounds, at 13 cents..$156.00 8 acres of corn, 15 bushels per acre, 120 bushels, at $1 per bushel.120.00 Total,...-.3276.00 Loss. 60.00 $276.00 Tour committee would here present another calculation based upon $8 per month for labor ?all other expenses, production and price of j {?roduets would only alter the foregoing calcu ation on labor $48 less expense, which take from the $60 loss, and you have a loss of $12 and a cost of cultivation per acre of $18. And a calculation at $6 per. month reduces the cost $72, and gives a profit of only $12 and a cost per acre for cultivation of $16.50. Thus it will be seen that this system of ag? riculture is not only trouble and vexation of j spirit, bat a losing business all the time. Some may contend that these calculations are not based on proper data; that we should not count in ten per cent, on value; but only a thought is sufficient to see that $125 at interest ten years accumulates, with interest added, to $250-*as little as any capitalist would realize. If the horse should live ten years at ten per cent, wear, $125, and ten per cent, on the pur? chase, $125 more is what he should realize. It is objected that the rent of land should not be charged. This might do if it cost nothing to clear and fence land ready for cultivation. Again it is objected that $75 is too mnch for horse feed. This objection might be well taken if corn did not exceed 75 cents per bushel with die addition of plenty cheap long forage and pasturage; but corn at $1 per bushel, and 14 pounds or a peck per day for 365 days, makes 90 bushels, to say nothing about high priced bought hay. Your committee is of the opin? ion that these items are legitimate and that the amounts are not extravagant. Your committee would now show a state? ment of the account under our system of rent? ing furnishing land, team, feed, tools, &c., against labor for one-half the products. In this account nothing is* charged for reut, but charge ten per cent for wear of land. Estimating land ready for cultivation at $10 per acre?16 acres?amounts to $160. Board of horse.?..$ 75.00 Tools $10, interest on horse. 22.50 Wear of horse, $12.50, wear of land $16 28.50 Tax on land and horse at present rates. 8.00 $134.00 Products as before, cotton.$156.00 Products as before, corn. 120.00 Total.3276.00 Half..?$138.00 Profit. 4.00 Your committee would suggest that, were it possible to do so, it is better to furnish land only and rent for one-third of the corn and one-fourth of the cotton. There is no expense ?only wear of land and tax on land and horse. The account would stand thus: One-third of $120?corn.$40.00 One-fourth of $156?cotton. 39.00 $79.00 Wear of land $16, tax 8..?.241)0 Profit.$55.00 Your committee, at the risk of being thought tedious, would like to present this vexed ques? tion in another form, where wages were given for labor on a larger scale?say a fanu of 300 acres. To carry on this it requires at least 12 first class plow horses, worth $150 each, and 24 hands, giving each horse and two hands 25 acres?half in cotton and half in corn?wages at $8 per month: Two hands at $8 per month for 1 year.^l 92.00 Board of two hands.. 100.00 Tools for two hands. 13.00 Feed of horse. 75.00 Interest on $150, horse, 10 per cent. 15.00 Wear of horse 10 per cent. 15.00 Rent on 25 acres of land. 50.00 $459.00 Cost per acre of cultivation, $18.36, pro? ducta of 12} acres of cotton, per acre as before 150 pounds lint, 1,875 rmnds at 13 cents. 243.75 acres corn as before, 15 bushels per acre, 120 bushels at $1 per bushel..... 187.50 $431.25 Loss on 1 horse, 2 hands, $27.75. Now, the loss on 12 plow horses and 24 hands is $338. Add to this for trouble, anxiety and expense for superintending this labor at least $500, and it makes $833. Pursue this course for five years and add ten per cent, annually to the loss (which could be realized on that much profit) and it approximates $5,000 clear loss. And when we take a review of the past five or six years and call to mind the many failures in attempting to farm with the free negro labor on a large scale, the experiments will, with the exception of scarcely one out of every twenty, say these figures are true. We see not only from figures, but from practice, that our system will not do. What is to be done ? Can we control this labor and at lower rates, and if so, how? Your committee is of the opinion that it can be done by using only half the amount of it that we do use, and at living rates to them and more profitable to ourselves.? Well, how f By changing our system of agri? culture ; and for an illustration, your commit? tee will again take up this 300 acre farm, which you will see was run at a loss of $833 one year, and a cost of $459 for one plow horse and two hands, making for 12 horses and 24 hands $5,508. We will now dispense with half this force, and consequently half the expense. Thus, $5*508.$2,754.00 Sow 200 acres small grain, (oats,) seed 200 bushels. 200.00 $2,954.00 75 acres corn, 15 bushels per acre, 1,125 bushels at $1.$1,125.00 20 acres cotton, 150 lbs. lint per acre, 3000 lbs. at 13 cents..,. 390.00 5 acres sweet potatoes, 75 bushel per acre, 375 bushels at 50 cents per bushel. 187.00 200 acres oats, 15 bushels per acre, 3000 bushels at 75 cents per bushel.. 2,250.00 10 tons oat straw, $5 per ton. 50.00 $4,002.00 Your committee would here contend that under this system six plow horses and twelve hands could seed down 200 acres in small grain and give close cultivation to 18 acres for one horse and two hands and have plenty time and labor for harvesting the grain with less strain than for the same one horse and two hands to cultivate 25 acres, and gather half corn and half cotton?at least 10 per cent, less strain if improved implements are used in reaping. This will give 8 acres more, or 308 acres. Cul? tivate 4 acres of this in sugar cane, at a reason? able product per acre, 100 gallons per acre, at 75 cents per gallon, 400 gallons.$ 300.00 Four acres pinders, 50 bushels per acre, 200 bushels at $1. 200.00 Other products before stated. 4,002.50 Total productions.$4,502.50 Cost of producing. 2,954.00 Gross profits.$1,578.50 Deduct for expense of superintending 500.00 Net profit.$1,078.50 Pursue this course for five years.$5,392.50 Judicious financiering will add to this profit ten per cent, annually, approximating in five years $6,000. | Now, what is the difference under these two systems but the difference of $5,000 loss on one hand and $6,000 gain on the other?a clear difference of 511,000, leaving altogether out of the calculation the advantages of pasturage, the chance for the increased price for the loss, by three-fourths productions of cotton. The advantage of this system is obvious at a glance. One cripples, breaks down and destroys. The other builds up, and in that direction is the panacea for our ills. The advantages of this system, when considered in detail, is encour? aging. It will place labor and capital at the commencement of the race, nearer on an equality, and in another twelve months capital will begin to control. Labor will become more abundant and cheaper in every department. Railroad companies and manufacturers could employ them at cheaper rates. The excess of laborers would compete with each other for positions for the living that was in them, and if they fail in this it is not our business direct? ly, but their misfortune. The old adage, that every tub must stand on its own bottom" is applicable in this case. The surplus of grain that would accumulate as a result in the change of this system of ag? riculture, the excess that could not find a re? munerative market could be made profitable by converting it into stock of all kinds, thereby supplying one of our great wants, which has been and will continue to be for several years, even if the change in our system here indicated should be unanimously adopted in the year 1875 and persistently continued. Your com? mittee is apprised that the fears of many pre? tend to be excited that a change in our system would produce a superabundance of stock even, that the markets of the country would be full to overflowing, and that everybody would be suffocating with fullness and fatness. Such becoming the fact, could we not with joy and gladness of heart exclaim Eureka! Your committee would strongly urge a change in our system of agriculture, and risk the rotting of surplus grain in our granaries, the spoiling of surplus bacon in our smoke-houses, and the dying with old age of the surplus pork, beef and mutton for the want of markets. The premises all considered, your committee is of the opinion, if authorized to express one, that $8 per month for first class hands, $7 for second, $6 for good field women and $4 to $5 for 15 and 16 year old plow boys, with board the year round, is all that any farmer could, under the most favorable system of agriculture, promise for labor. Your committee would recommend that it is {referable in all cases to give wages for hired abor than rent land or give a portion of the crop. It cuts off all pretext for rambling. The employer has better opportunities of knowing his laborers whereabouts, and if per? mitted to have a truck patch, should confine it strictly to a provision crop ; could not steal from your cotton to add to his, and to a great extent prevent thieving. All of which is respectfully submitted, J. E. WELBORN, Chm'n. Newspapers by Electricity. The London correspondent of the Liverpool Courier writes to that journal: It has been hinted from time to time that one of our wealthy London journals has under consideration the practicability of printing its sheets in several of the great towns simultane? ously, in order to secure a distribution of its copies as early as the various local journals which are so fast depreciating the circulation and once paramount influence of their London contemporaries. How can this staggering feat be accomplished ? The leading journal had its attention drawn some weeks ago to an electric machine in operation at the London Stock Exchange, by which the fluctuating quotations are telegraphed to a number of city offices, where an instrument, composed of movable figures and a dial plate, is made to record changes from hour to hour. If an electrical current can be made to manipulate movable figures, it was conceived that a system of me? chanical type-setting might be carried on simultaneously in a number of distant places, the operation being directed from a central office in London, the news being there collect? ed from all parts of the world, and that the "copy" might be put in typo at several provin? cial offices simultaneously by operating on an electric keyboard, or a number of keyboards, controlled in the central office. This idea, like so many other inventions, is not new. Mr. Mackay, of the Warrington Guardian, worked upon the same line of in? vention about eight years ago to my knowl? edge, and simultaneous type-setting by ma? chinery was by him carried to a practicable issue, though he found that his invention did not result in profit. He worked a number of type-setting machines by operating on one keyboard, and proposed to set up newspaper columns for any number of papers by this simultaneous process, the only difference be? ing that the various machines could not be placed in distant places. In other words, he did not connect them with electricity. The fact remains that he actually worked some ten or twelve machines on this principle of con? nected action which derived its directing power from one keyboard. There is no moral doubt that the same thing cau be done on a wider scale by electric agency. But if done, would the game be worth the candle ? I know the Times, or rather the manager of its mechauical department, is putting the thing to a private test in order to ascertain its mechanical prac? ticabilities. If that can be made clear, the directors of that paper are not likely to be de? terred by financial timidity from the next step in the unparalleled adventure. What a world of journalistic development the prospect opens to prescient eyes I ? The Amador county (Ca.) Independent says: Now, we will inform the sweet-scented evader of truth and honesty who runs the lit? tle nigger nose-rag across the street, that he cannot rain any of his infernal lies down our throat, for we know him too well to believe anything he says, even under oath. ? A man at Bridgeport, Connecticut, has named his two canaries "Wheeler" and "Wil? son," because neither of them is a "Singer." The only historical parallel for this case is offered by the old farmer who called his rooster Robinson, because Robinson Crusoe. J Correspondence of the Xcw York Times. A Wonderful Discorcry?Railroad Trains to lie Run without Steam. Philadelphia, June 10,1875. The mechanical and scientific world has been greatly excited of late by the discovery of a' new motive power by a Mr. John W. Keeley, of this city. The lately-discovered motor is generated, as the gentleman claims, from cold water and air, and evolves into a va? por more powerful than steam, and considera? bly more economical. It is proposed by this new invention to revolutionize the world, and turn machinery topsy-turvy. Steam will be a tbing of the past, and the wonderful power of this new creation will supply all the needs of man for the uses to which steam is now ap? plied. Just what this vapor is, and how it is made, the discoverer refuses to make plain or divulge his'hidden secret until he has letters patent taken out in all the countries of the globe which issue patent rights. This service alone will cost about ?30,000, and will not be completed until three or lour months hence. Mr. Keeley is very reticent on the subject of his discovery, and referred your correspondent to his attorney, Charles B. Collier, Esq. The latter gentleman said that a private view of the working of the motor had been made on the 10th of November, 1874, before a number of capitalists, and that only three weeks since another exhibition had been given before a number of gentlemen from the New England States. These latter were so well pleased with the modus operandi, and believed so firmly in the ultimate supersedure of steam by the new power, that they formed a stock company, pur? chased the patent right for the six New Eng? land States, and paid $80,000 cash immediate? ly for their share in the invention, and are ready to forward $200,000 more as soon as called upon. They will organize a company with a capital of $3,000,000, and be ready to manufacture the engines and necessary appa? ratus as soon as the proper patents are secured. history of the discovery. Mr. Keeley alleges that the discovery of this power was purely accidental. Up to within a short time he was a poor man, but, having a wonderful degree of natural mechanical skill, he devoted all his time for the past fourteen years to experiments with water with a view of procuring a motive power from it. He was en? gaged upon an idea of his own regarding the force of columns of water one day, when he accidentally discovered the vapor which he has harnessed. He studied the subject, ascertain? ed how it was generated, learned its power, and thenceforth applied himself soiely to the perfection of this idea, working night and day for a number of years, until his efforts were crowned with success. The apparatus by which this power is made is termed a "genera? tor" or "multiplicator," and the vapor is then passed into a "receiver," and from thence to the cylinder box of the engine, where it drives the pistons and sets the engine in motion. The "generator" is about three feet h igh, made of Austrian gun metal, in one solid piece, and will hold about ten or twelve gallons of water. It is four or five inches thick, and made to stand the very heavy pfessuro of 20,000 to 30,000 pounds of -apor to the square inch. The inside is composed of a number of cylin? drical chambers, connected by pipes, and fur? nished with cocks and valves. The "reservoir" is about six inches in diameter, and forty inch? es long, and is connected with the "generator" by a pipe which is about one inch in circum? ference on the outside, with a bore of about one-eighth of an inch. Connected with both "generator" and "receiver" is a "stand-pipe" of brass, about two and a half inches in diam? eter and three feet high, having a spherical chamber at the bottom, made in two parts, by flanges, and connected to the pipe uniting the "generator" and "reservoir." The vapor gen? erated in the multiplicator is conveyed to the reservoir, which contains numerous pipes, and from there, by a "feed-pipe," to the engine. The engine is of peculiar construction, but the inventor claims that the vapor can be attached to any ordinary engine now in use, with very slight alterations. claims of the inventor. Mr. Keeley claims that this apparatus will generate cold vapor from water by mechanical appliances, without the use of chemicals. The water used is common river, spring or well water, and does not undergo any previous preparation, a rubber hose from an ordinary hydrant to the generator being used as a means of conveying the liquid. The peculiarity of this vapor is that it can be used to the best advantage at a pressure of from 20,000 to 30,000 pounds to the square inch. To the mechanical mind this seems impossible. Yet such is the claim of Mr. Keeley, and it has been attested that such is the fact by gentlemen who are held to be mechanical experts of the highest grade. Yet with all this immense pressure at his command, the inventor is ena? bled to control his engine, and run it with the same ease and facility as engines are now run by steam. He has tried the "motor" upon an engine of twenty-horse power, and it defied the efforts of all the gentlemen present to stop the fly-wheel. The water used, after it had passed through the "multiplicator," has no perceptible smell or taste, and seems as pure as when it first entered, thus showing conclu? sively that no secret chemical process is era ployed to carry out the object designed. The parts of the generator and multiplicator are all made of welded iron of great thickness and strength. The connecting pipes are also small and of great thickness, ana are oxidized and planished so as to prevent the force of the va? por escaping through the pores of the metal. Steam could not pass through the connecting pipes which ure used on this apparatus, since the boro is only about the dimensions of a I knitting-needle. . danger of explosion. I With this immense power at hand one would naturally fear au explosion most disastrous in its results. But such it is claimed cannot be the case, since when the vapor comes in con? tact with the atmosphere it ceases to expand, and instantly goes back to its original state? namely air and water; therefore, in this re? gard it is less dangerous than either gunpowder or steam. The vapor is thinner than air, and will not cut tho metal in escaping or passing through the throttle valve. It cannot be ex? ploded or caused to flame by the application of heat to it. A lighted candle has been held at the mouth of a cock, and the force of the air did not even extinguish the light, and did not have any offensive odor?in fact, none at all was perceptible. The rapidity with which this vapor can be generated is almost inapprecia? ble. "In five seconds " said Mr. Keeley, "I can supply 2,000 pounds of vapor to the square inch, aud enough to run a train of ten cars from Philadelphia to New York and return." It seems almost instantaneous, so short is the time consumed. The vapor has a damp, cold feeling. There is not the least noise percepti? ble in its generation. To apply this motor to any engine now in use will first require a dispensing of the boiler, as the receivor and generator will take its place; secondly, the fire-box must be removed as a uselc i adornment; and, thirdly, in loco? motives (here will be no use for tho tender. The power will be supplied to the engine, and the train will nove off at any rate of speed which may be desired, provided all that has been claimed for tho "motor" does not fail. With a Keeley "motor" attached to a steamer, the voyage of the world can be made without coal, but as the action of salt-water in pro? ducing the vapor has never been tested, it re? mains to bo seen whether or not a vessel would not be obliged to fill up tho space occupied by coal-bins with water-tanks. J ust here the in? vention appears most wonderful. It is .aid that with about au ordinary tumbler of water a tweuty-horse-power engine can be made to run an hour and perform its full service. "Seeing will be believing" in this matter, and the sooner Mr. Keeley makes his first public exhibition of the inyentioa will the public at' large and the world in general come to regard the name of Keeley as they do that of Fulton or Watts. Mr. Keeley says that the first pub? lic exhibition will be upon the Pennsylvania Railroad, when he proposes to take a train from this city to New York and return. He will have the "generator" stationed at West Philadelphia, fill the "receiver" which accom ?anies the engine, and take vapor enough to raw twenty cars to New York and back. The passage of the train will be silent. There will be no cinders, no escaping steam, or drop? ping of coals to set fire to bridges. The engine will be smaller than those now in use, but will be of greater horse power. He says that the generator can either be carried on the train or left at a depot, according to the wishes of the engineer. It is small and compact and takes up very little room. For street cars, as a motive power, the inven? tion, it is claimed, will undoubtedly become popular. The cost of the apparatus will range from $500 to ?2,500, according to the size and finish desired. It is evideut from the character of the gen? tlemen who are interested in the "Keeley Mo? tor Company," and the amount of money they have advanced, that they regard this invention as the wonder of the nineteenth century. They all speak favorably of Mr. Keeley's personal integrity and capabilities, and have even gone so far as to lift him up from his position of pecuniary embarrassment and purchase and furnish a large house for his use, and pay him large suras of money for his personal expen? ses. About four millions of dollars are already involved in the success of this new invention. Doing Up the Centennial,, It is well known that there were a great many newspaper reporters at Charlotte, most of whom did their level best in the way of re? ports, but the honor of the best report?the most graphic report; the most gelorious and hifalutin report?belongs to a correspondent of the Wadesboro (N. C.) Argus, who signs him? self "Saints' Rest." Charlotte should vote him a long life, and a monument of brass at the expiration of it. We copy a few paragraphs only: "On Thursday morning, May 20, at sunrise, one hundred cannon shook the terrestrial green for miles around in commemoration of the signers of the Mecklenburg Declaration of American Independence, whose names dried upon that parchment one hundred years ago. At 9 a. m. all the towns and cities in the State, and half of all the others beyond, were repre? sented either in men, women, Masonic Lodges, Templars, Knights of Pythias, Knights of Cy? rus, night meetings, Rangers and Grangers, hook and ladder companies, railroad mills and bladder companies, press and dress parade companies, fire and fall back, fox fire, and fire companies, brass bands, bugles, drums, tin pans and jaw bones ad infinitum, world with? out end. When this mighty combination of categorical cadence broke loose upon the ears of creation, it is said that, from the best astro? nomical knowledge obtained, the birds of the air for two miles high couldn't begin to hear their ears, and that the little fishes within a circumference of three miles thrust their heads so deep in the mud that their oar of gravity will never turn the'life boat to see again. Hence they perish. "On my way up to "see the sights" I over? heard a fellow from the river country say that Charlotte with its centennial reminded him of the Yank who drew by lottery an elephant and did not know what to do with him. But if a man left that city unsatiated and undruuk, it was because his "bread basket," from being used as a liquid measure, was too weak to hold it down. "Should I be present at the next Centennial at Charlotte, I want the orators of the day to leave their manuscripts at home as did the orators of the night, for Gov. Vance, the pet of everybody's bosom, and the best rough-and tumble orator in or out of the State, Govs. Hendricks, Walker, Brogden, Chamberlain, Gen. Clingmau, etc., had no more use for a written speech at night than a Grassy Island terraphin has for an umbrella! Why ? Be? cause those orators had waded waist-deep in wine and other liquids throughout the day, and therefore had no use for such finger-board, shovel-and-spade references at night. "I ate supper with Col. W. R. M., and while performing that happy mission was asked this simple question: Suppose that John McNitt Alexander & Co. were to now resurrect, find the city of Charlotte crowded with steam en? gines, telegraphic wires, and illuminations, what would they do? While searching the bureau of reason for an answer, Mrs. Jones (we'll call her by way of illustration) replied : John McNitt Alexander & Co. would convert the steam eugines into ash-hoppers, the tele? graphic wires into plantation fences and blow out the last candle for their great grand chil? dren to eat supper by at the next Charlotte Centennial. "Well done good and faithful Charlotte, for I do believe Charlotte, as a city, will get to Heaven, the only one on earth that will! Her hospitality will be handed down and photo? graphed iu the gallery of journalism lor the next hundred years to come." The Lie About Columbia.?In his Me? moirs, Gen. Sherman, speaking of the burning of Columbia, says: "Many of the people thought that this fire was deliberately planned and executed. This is not true. It was accidental, and in myjudg ment began with the cotton which Gen. Hamp? ton's men had set fire to on leaving the city (whether by his order or not is not material,) which fire was partially subdued early in the day by our men ; but when night came, the high wind fanned it again into a full blaze, carried it against the frame houses, which caught like tiuder, and soon spread beyond control. * * In my official report of this conflagration I distinctly charged it to Gen. Wade Hampton, and confess I (lid so pointedly to shake the faith of his people in him, for he was in my opinion a braggart, and professed to be the special champion of South Carolina." Gen. Sherman confesses that ho gave official circulation to an infamous lie. Knowing Gen. Hampton to havo had nothing to do with burn? ing the State capital, Sherman deliberately charged the burning to him. What Sherman's opponents have said against him will count for nothing in comparison with the damning act of which he convicts himself. Is it Worth While??Is it worth whilo to take all the sunshine out of life for the sake of a few miserable dollars? Meat and groce? ries, and wood and clothing aro not all of life. If we restrict ourselves to tnoso. and shut out music and pictures, and the hundred things that cultivate the lesthctic sido of our nature, we shall bo economical at tho cost of dwarfing our moral and intellectual naturo. And after we have done this for a long series of years, and reached middlo ago with a fair balance in the bank, wo shall then find oursojves unfitted to enjoy tho pleasures that money will buy. Wo shall thon keep the dusty roadao long that when wo finally turn asnlo into tho grovos and tho broou-Hido, our oyes will bo in no condition to hco tho beauties around us. Is it not hotter to live whilo wo do live, to givo some bright? ness and color to our daily lives, oven if by so doing wo fail to incrcaso our hoarded savings quito as rapidly as wo otherwise might ? Is economy quito worth tho saerillco of ovory thing that makes lifo other than a dull and dismal drudgery? A wise expenditure of money for tho good things of lifo is really tho best economy. ? It is a physical as well as a moral fact j that it is in tho power of every person to im? prove his own beauty as well as bearing by a j constant control of passion and temper, and a deep and constant cultivation of the lntellcc tual faculties, pure affections, and the moral! nature. J IT IS NO JOKE,BUT A REAL FACT! THAT LEWIS & CO. ARE GIVING The Worth of the Money in any Goods they SelL F OR INSTANCE? You can get a GENUINE HAND-MADE BOOT or SHOE, at less than home-made prices. A "NOBBY HAT," or a "GRANGER," at a reasonable price. And those WHITE LACE INDIA LAWNS and PIQUES are really exquisite. So the Ladies all say. And the CALICOES, MUSLINS, CHAMBRES, PRINTED LAWNS and DRESS GOODS all are beautiful. We refer to the Ladies for proof of it. You can buy any? thing you want AT A REAL LOW DOWN FIGURE ! In fact, SO MUCH CHEAPER than you have been accustomed to, that it will SURPRISE you to see and hear. Our Stock is now NEW and FRESH. Come soon and get the choice. Our substantial lines and Staple Goods are complete. All in need of good Goods at the right kind of prices, will do well to call and see for themselves. April 29, 1875 LEWIS & CO., O Granite Row, Anderson, S. O. 41 Sm JNTEW GrOODS ! NEW GOODS! ! AT THE HAVING JUST RETURNED FROM MARKET, I NOW OFFER FOR SALS A COMPLETE STOCK OF LADIES' GOODS of every VARIETY, And of the NEWEST and most FASHIONABLE patterns, which I will sell VERY CHEAP for Cash or on time to prompt paying customers. Special Attention paid to Millinery and Mantua-Making. At the "WAVERLY HOUSE CORNER" I have also on hand a A CHOICE ASSORTMENT OF GROCERIES, And everything else pertaining to a GENERAL RETAIL BUSINESS. All persons wishing to purchase will find it to their interest to give me a call. May 6,1875 39 C. A.. REED, WHITE LEAD, ZINCS, COLORS, AND PUTTY. MANUFACTURED BY HOLMES, 0ALDER & CO., Proprietors. Off *e, 203 East Bay Street Factory, Corner Cumberland and Philadelphia Sts., CHAELESTON, 8. O. IMPORTERS and Dealers in LUBRICATING AND PAINT OILS, WINDOW GEASSand PAINTER'S MATERIAL. Agents for AVERILL'S CHEMICAL PAINT, PRINCE'S METALLIC, PAINT, RUB? BER AND LEATHER BELTING. Feb 25,1875 _ 32_ 6m INDEEDI IT IS STRANGE HOW PEOPLE DO. WE have called on you from time to time to pay the MONEY you JUSTLY OWE US, and you WON'T DO IT. We still urge you to pay your HONEST DEBTS ; and if you are de? termined not to pay, come in and talk with us about them, any way, and leave us impressed that you will sometime, perhaps, pay us a little something. Our Guano Company?the WANDO?need their money due for past years, also; and we warn you again that thero will be a TERRIBLE SUEING soon, unless all of our old claims are paid up. _ We have still a LARGE STOCK OF GOODS on hand, which we will cheerfully DIVIDE AMONG THOSE WHO PAY THEIR DEBTS. BLECKT EY. BROWN & CO. S. BLECKLEY._.. Xlie Above Cut Roprosents Tozer's Improved AGRICULTURAL ENGINE! OF which there are now more than a dozen at work In Anderson County. For further information, apply to N. K. SULLIVAN it CO., Anderson, S. C, or ad? dress the undersigned. RICHARD TOZER, Columbia, S. C. Pec ft, 1S7-1 ?1 ly WILHITE & WILLIAMS W"OULD inform their friends, and the pub He generally, that they have bought out Bornum tv Sharp?, and aro receiving a frosh Ntipply of Drugs, Medicines, Chemicals, etc., (Selected by the senior partner, who has an ex perlenee of* thirty vears.) They expect to keep only pure and folfable Drugs. Also, LAMPS and Lamp fixtures, paints, oils, YAHN1SHKS, BRUSHES, DYK STUFFS, etc. Also, a full me of PERFUMERY and TOILET ARTICLES, CIGARS and TOBAC? CO. Pure Hit AN PI es and WINKS, for med? ical purposes strictly, and other articles usually kept in our line. Prescriptions carefully compounded. Jau 14,1875 26 ly I Kos. 3 Broad Street and i09 East Bay Street, CHARLESTON, S. C IFirst-ClassWork OUR SPECIALTY, TET, BY USING CHEAPER GRADES OF STOCK, WE CAN ETRNISH WORK AT LOWEST LIVING PRICES. FINE FASHIONABLE STATIONERY, Piries Paper and Envelopes. Redding and <?all (Invitations ON THE BEST STOCK AH? PRINTED IN THE LATEST STYLE. Sept 10,1S74 9 DE. M. L. SHABPE OFFERS Iiis Professional Services to the citizens of Anderson and vicinity. Office?Abovo the Drug Store of Wllhite & "Williams. Fcb 18, 187? 31