Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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-?T,-vi.? v . t . . , . , H?^ ^??.; i-0QP??S? ? ANDERSQN O. H, S. C., THURSDAY MORNING-, JANUARY 28, 1875. VOLUME X.?NO. 28. > **Oop^W?sbingto? Cotresponaence. 'The Louisiana debate in the Senate.-stili' keeps up i:a. interest, as it has done every day daring the past week, as is attested by the ^aVftB^?eefcrhw be^ji.giyeft,tQ Se^itoja, E^rir^' Hpwe;;li?gan.' TJp&>n,. Bayardi-?ild day to-day. The debate, as has beendeter;-; rained by RepuMjca^n caucus^f Senators, must now be broughVl?"a^c^oaeT'wnlbh^is^not relished bf TraFiTemocrafic1 '^en?fors^" who 'H?sin? 'tEe the fullest discussionC" Notwithstanding the l*res^e^^Tn:?ss^ea|^e.': Senator l'hur Jnan^sreso^tion, which'isquitea'dinerentdoc ?ment from the , one originally prepared^ the l^pu^ej^ .been. more, fuliy :aud .more directly, informed" as tajjjbu^ sjtft^,9? affiwb' in, ?oui-J slajoa^by t;he.je|>ort JSSP^?^ m entrnsi^^^ 4nY!Wtfgat^nt of .the po^icaj. 4roubl.es in thai State. ? The committee made its report to the House yesterday, and declare,. aj6t.1|hpir op>pipftthfi;Keihog? government to, .be a fraud, and that Kellogg is not entitled to the Governorship.'. As. to the alleged ioutrage&'.on colored people and intimidations'at the polls,, the committee declare them false and without foundation, indeed* the teportTs rather a doc trmsht hi oppositiontothe message of the President The row which the original mes? sage caused in the Cabinet was more serious f^abr^was'*altowe4% be made public, and hajl ?ot Jhe'( PrjKsident agree^wi'chan^e his position^ and make a modification of hi^, intendedre^, (^meAdatioin w Conj^ess^ it would haye.re ??tfte?ia^i'iajni^^jre^^i^i?t nrSt inembers- .of the.Qajaine,!*to.whppj 1^ ?r?cedes tfte^title of .siatesqpen, ? The President in communicating to Congress his approval olthe Jinauce. .bill, accompanied it with a-message asking farther. legislation on the subject, which he claims necessary to carry ??$ sonftfof^he provisions of the bill.7 Among other things he recomlriends an'increase of the revenue; and 'suggests that the duty on tea and coffee? "should;b9:res'tored; This will be any? thing b~ut{gOKxr news to the poor. man, .and the ^^Jr%3^ftft anjazed a$ ,such a blow at'the poorer classes coming from.the, Executive,,. The House of. Representatives was in. session y^J?rdaj-ua#i a violate hour,.in ther night, OBjt^,recfls?ot ^tae^Sj:Irwin's casjB^ who has been incarcerated in the jail of this District for contempt of the Bouse, in refusing to answer questions before the committee investigating the Pacific Mail Subsidy business. A writ ? of j habeas corpus was issued by Judge M'cArthur, j of th? Supreme Court of the iMstrict, directed to, Sergeant-at-Arms Ordway to bring the pris? oner into Court, which the House directed him not tp obey. This, of. course, would at once produce, a.conflict between, the House and the Judiciary, inasmuch as Judge Mc?rthur re fused to -hear; any return until accompanied with the. body of the prisoner: The House, however, .after a long debate, which kept it in session to a very late hour last night, voted to allow Mr. Ordwayito take Irwin into Court,; and to-day he was brought before the Judge, and*the;;?^ument. in the case was postponed antn Monday. A'corpus4 petition was presented in the H^use^esl^dayIbj^ Hon. Barlbpur Le^is^ oft Teimesflee... It &as three, h u n d red signatures 0f' cplpred". opjOpJe, in different portions of thei South, who. are desirous to have some portiou of the South, or. Southwestern territory, set ?apart-for their, exclusive use, with similar pro? tection by the United States. Government to 4toat how given by law to the Cherokee, Choc-' taw' *atni Sem'inoFe Indians. The; petitioners further state that' they are desirous of having a J lafr 'ciaoce'ih' the great-race of ;Kfe-,-and areS is^is?(& (hat l?eithef tnerhserves no? children j jean have.it so long as tb[ey are in the^midst of fife, domjnajpt racp ^.'^.peojpie/VJo. are. far. their superiors in point of education and many ^herr&oiaji&iges^ . The .first of the: winter receptions given by ?SpeakerJ and Mrs. Blaine, was held on Friday night at their residence at the west end. The Speaker was^ assisted by Mrs. BlaSne and Mrs. I)cdge,' JGail ?amiltdny both' agreeable and pahjitak^ngin^e^ n^akea'^cajjer?'feej[ at' ease. ;A.great inany Mtrw^ft ypx ij). ^^shi^gtpn $00$ occasion of ttft opJBortaiRity .tp make a', vydt to a household which combines the best elements of Wash? ington -society. From 9 until 11 o'clock the elegant parforc were filled with Senators, Rep? resentatives- and employees of each House. The conversation was of that kind which, for once, forgets political strifes, and enters into thp more agreeable pleasantries of life.' Z:. " ' observer. PubBAEtr^ .War with Spain.?tt is said that .negotiations between the United States arid So'aih, on questions'growing out of the VirgiriiUsFaffair and other matters of controver ey between^ the two countries, are not progress? ing favorably. That this condition of affairs is fully appreciated-by both governments is clear? ly shown, by .the fact that Spain is. concentra? ting ?i large force of war v$3sels: in the \Vest Indies, and is also' preparing to reinforce her army in Cuba, and our government has decided not to send any more vessels of war to foreign stations, except the Brooklyn to the South Atlantic station. Besides this* it is intended to keep all iron-clads and other vessels now in rendezvous in the Gulf in readipess for imme? diate, sea,service. The forts ou the Atlantic S^ah?ar? #re being quietly put in order. Large quantities of supplies are understood to be j stored at'Key West and other accessible points oh the Golf coast The English government seems to be fully aware of the warlike condi? tion of affairs, and is concentrating an unusual? ly large fleet at Jamaica. r?YoTr*toave played the-"deuce with my heart," said a gentleman to a lady who was his partner in a game of whist. "Well," replied the lady, with an arch smile, "it was because you played the knave."' ? A young man says the prettiest girl in town wears blue-topped stockings, and she is not afraid to show 'em. He saw them hanging on a line in the back yard. I Kai ?; gf5-,. ft .?;; ;. i ? ,-, . [7 The Cultivation of CJi)Ter?Its T?lne as a Southern Crop. an essay beaj) before1 the state agricul | -tubal ?nd. mechanical society by : . ., ' 8^ c. me ans, of 8pabtanbubg. Although clover as a forage crop has received some attention frpjai^tbe, peris ofja.few writers ; (through:ifie iiiiTeren^ a^'ricattarai' journals, ye^j' f {the great mass of Southern farmers appear to ! ?be!both ign?iarlt bf its vaiu? as'^eiras the best .method* "df- cultivating It. " Having"had' sir ^e?rsef exp'erieii^ Ih 'the cultivation of clover", ?ana haViog-?'ovvh upon'different characters of fsoil at different' seasons 'of the year, and in dif? ferent ways, fput writerwill endeavor as con? cisely as possible-to give the' result of his ex-, penence, and 1f possible indicate what'to him^' self has .proven the. most successful:method!? The following order' of 'treating the subject Iwill be adopted,:. -The seed, soil and its pre? paration ; time and method of sowing $ may mures used; its; value as feed for stock.; iis valUe as an agent for improving lands, and its importance under the present condition of. things as an economical: supplement to the? gram crops of the" South. :: vijirst, -care should be taken in the selection ?of seed so as toget them as pure as possible. It is sometimes the case that noxious weeds and grasses are introduced with the clover seed, which are difficult : to eradicate. It would be well to deal only with the mostreliable seed merchants, and when an* unmixed and an un~ adulterated- article is secured, each farmer should gather his own seed. ? Thiscan.be done (though rudely) by cutting what is known as the second; crop, when the ? seed have fully ripened^and running through a common grain .thresher^nd wjnupwing. The straw, though not so nutritious when cut at ?? Uate a period, j will yet repay the .care and, labor of saving, as cattle will eat: it-greedily during the winter and be much benefited. . .Whoever, sows clover, upon a ppor soil.un? aided by fertilizers, no matter to what class of soijs.it belongs, nor what may be its raechani c^Tcpnditi'ob/will certainly'find that His time and labor5have tieeh thrown away. Any soil that rests upon a stiff clay' sub-soil, within a reasonable distance from the surface, may be made to produce good crops of clover by proper manuring and draining it necessary. The best Eesults.bave been obtained.from stiff clay soils, (the less sand the better,) well manured. The soil 8h??ld:De'well an$ deeply broken with a fiarrow,diam?nd-poihted plow, and the surface as thoroughly pulverized as possible. If large clods"should be thrown up, a heavy two-horse roller should follow; but if the land is just in the right condition and breaks well, the roller need not be used until after the seed and. ma uure have bceu harrowed in. * It is often the case that we find what is kppwiL. in wet weather ?s spro?ty placed. These should be well drained (under-draining is best] to P/event the'severe' freezes of winter from throwing out the clover, as it will be sure to do, ho matter how well it may be established in the soil previous to the freeze. It is best that the land should have been, cleanly culti vated for two or more, years previous to putting down in clover, and thus avoid as far as possi? ble those pests, crabgrass, ragweeds, &c, which some persons claim'to be an advantage as they shade and protect the clover from the sun, but which, according to my experience, choke down and destroy'it. Immediately after the soil is prepared (which should be done in September) the manure should be sowed broadcast, also the clover seed at the rate of twelve or fifteen pounds per acre, then harrowed in and rolled. A compound of. one hundred pounds each of Peruvian guano, dissolved bone or acid phos? phate, and land plaster, would be sufficient to give the plant a vigorous growth, and so estab? lish it as to resist the freezes of winter. Stable manure, cotton seed, ashes, lime, and in fine almost anything that tends to. enrich the soil, wjltf-he.found..to^ clover. A le^ amount, pf seed. might be used if they were'^all perfect and, equally distributed, but practically' we find that fifteen pounds is not too much, as the greatest desideratum is to se? cure a good "catch:" Again, when the clover is thickly "set" lipon the soil, the yield will be: greater and the stalk smaller, consequently it.. ?w(iU "cure." better and .m^ke Better luty. It has been the practice o? some* persons, to' mix theT see$ with, ashes^ lime, sand pr ppme other divisor in order'to sow regularly, but'I have found that any one accustomed to sowiog'small grain well can'soou learn -to' distribute clover 'seed regularly and equally without other aid. : It.jwould.be well to select a qui^t time, when j the wind is not blowing, for sowing the seed. Fawmhar's iron-toothed, expanding harrow is admirably, adapted, to the \nfork of pulyerizing ,the soil and turning ihtfie seed and fertilizer. A simple roller can be constructed by inserting ' in the '?nds of a" section -'of a log,' four or sik feet in length by one and a half to two feet in ^iametec, gudgeons, to which shafts or a tongue can be attached, as the power to overcome the obstinacy of the clod.B may be found necessary. , AU good gardeners,are aware of the necessity of compacting the soil upon small seeds in or? der to produce simultaneous and perfect germi? nation. The same rule is applicable to clover seed. Clover seed can often be harrowed in, or other small grain, jn February or March, with food results?or it would yet be better, if not own until then, to sow it alone. Wheu sown in the spring, or other small grain, its growth is dwarfed by the superior growth of the other, and when the other is cut off, a sickly growth of clover, unused to the sun, is left to dwindle and die, under the influence of a hot harvest sun, unless the seasons are peculiarly favorable ?even then, undejc the. most favorable circum? stance^, the grasses and weeds have an equ? if hot a better start than the clover, and will retard its growth, if not endanger its exis? tence. Glover sown in September without any other grain will give a good yield the following spring, and if intended for hay should never be. pastured at any time. In most sections of the South clover is npt needed as a pasture, as the wild clover and broomsedge upon our "old fields" afford the best pasture (everything considered) we can possibly have. A top-dressing in early spriug, such as was harrowed in with the seed, will be found to pay well. Twelve or fifteen bushels of lime per acre, broadcast on a well-estab? lished clover sod in the fall, will procure re? markable results. Lime, besides being one of the most important constituents of the plant, will soak with the rains through the soil, act? ing mechanically in decomposing the organic, and in disintegrating much of the inert, inor? ganic matter, and preparing it for plant food. Whilstland plaster is considered the specific manure, and is certainly valuable, yet I have never obtained such results from its use as is generally attributed to it, and would not rely pn;it alone to secure a good crop. One bushel per acre, broadcast on the field not long after a .crop is taken off, also in early spring, just as the plant is beginning a lively growth, will be found very beneficial. Harvesting a crop of clover-is very simple and cheap, when properly prepared for it. A two-horse mower, ouc-horse rako aud four [ hands' can easily cut,, rake and throw into hay? cocks the crop of six acres in.one day, leaving the hauling and housing as the heaviest part; or* the'work. Implements have been invented foir facilitating the hauling arid housing, (mak? ing the wo'r'k a light one,) and will be used . here when we get to'raisirig clover more exten? sively. When clover is prepared and wilted, it should then be' faked and thrown np into ' hay-cocksj to remain about two: days, when it will, be ready for' noU?ihg, ; Of course the weather should,'"to a' great extent, control its nian'ipulatibrf.''1 Of that each one must be "his Owh judge/ But it will be said that everyone ?cannot buy a mower and horse rake.* This ob je^iini, can - be easily met by carrying ?ut'the fundamental pnfaciple'of the Patrons Of Hus? bandry?co-?perati?hi One 'mower and 'rake can easily saves a dozen or more fair crops of clover per annum, and the expense upon each would be trifling. Thus, by uniting together in the purchase, quite a number of farmers, at a small cost/ would have the benefit, of these great labor-saving implements. The value of clover as feed, for stock depends not only upon its intrinsic'worth per se, but the cost of growing, harvesting; &c, enter ma? terially into the calculation. An application of the compound already given, upon an acre of poor land in September, at the time of sow? ing, with the same repeated early in spring as a top-dressing, will at a cost of twenty dollars give' from one and a half to two tons of hay at' one cutting. No account will be taken of the cost of preparing and sowing the land, working and'gathering the crop,' as compared with other grain crops, as the difference is not very great, except with corn, when the cost of the latter.is much greater. Some idea can be formed of the nutritive value of clover hay by referring to Bossin gault's table, of nutritive equivalents, Who makes one ton of the hay worth forty bushels of? oats, twenty-four ? and a half of wheat, twenty-four and a half of corn, twenty-five and a half of rye, and twenty-six and two-thirds of barley. The market value of these articles will indicate the real value of one ton of clover hay.. Now this is but little over the half of one crop from an aerie of poor land, at a cost of twenty dollars in fertilizers. A second crop can be had the same year and nearly equal in quanity and value, and the same amount real? ized for two years more without additional preparation of sowing and.with but a moderate expenditure for fertilizers as a top-dressing. Similar treatment of land, already in good heart, will be attended with results much more favorable. Clover is a valuable feed for horsesf cattle and hogs, but is especially so for work animals, containing, as it does, so much of the flesh-forming principles. As a green manure, perhaps there is no other, crop so valuable? certainly none possessing so many other' valua? ble qualities. Having a long tap foot, pene: I trating the soil from twelve to eighteen inches j in depth, the sub-soil which has never been ; touched by the plow-point is partially under draiued by being rendered more porous and warmed by a freer circulation of air, whilst it is forced to yield its rich treasures for ages unused. At the same time the leaf is drawing from the air (the source of all organic ma? nures) fabulous amounts of the elements of fertility. Thus drawing from the air, the organic, and from the sub-soil the in-or? ganic manures and assimilating them, upon decay, restores them to the surface soil where they are easily appropriated by succeeding crops. The cost, therefore, of producing a good crop of clover should not be charged alone to the clover, because the value of the laud is greatly enhanced, and the yield, of other crops that follow vastly, increased. The cost, when prop? erly divided between the increased value of the land and the increased production of succeed? ing crops, will be very small indeed upon the clover when compared with its real value. I have no hesitancy in saying that three facts can be established in favor of clover?that it is the most certain crop we can raise; that it1 will produce more feed for stock at less cost than any other crop, and that it is far superior to any other crop as a fertilizing agent. Whilst I feel equal to the proof of these assertions, yet the time and occasion will not allow the discussion in detail. Assuming, then, that our estimate of clover is correct, we come finally to consider the influ? ence, it should Have in the future of the South. Unfortunately for the Southern people, cotton 'seems to have demanded"remunerating prices, and all hare gone'into it recklessly, hoping thereby to lift themselves from ttye mire into which the general wreck has thrown them. The. all-cottop.system, under the Upas shade of government,' lias tended only to sink them deeper in'the mire. Cotton field laborers as rulers, influenced by their willing and thievish tools, commonly known as carpet-baggers and scalawags, and backed by a hostile National Government, have, by their boasted system of confiscation and by taxation, so arranged it as to make the production of cotton cost nearly all that it is worth in the market, whilst a very considerable portion of the supplies used must be bought at just as much loss as they cost. Under this system the cotton planter proper (unless he has Bet up a little store to catch his neighbor's cotton also,) has found himself frit? tering away, gradually though constantly, the little that was left from the wreck of the late war. A change is therefore needed?a something that is more economically raised than cotton, and more difficult to convert to another's use, in order to make the farm self-sustainiug, and, after this, cotton only as a market crop and the exponent of our clear profits. Our great want is to procure the prime necessaries of life as cheaply as possible, and at the same time to hold up.our lands to a high productive capaci? ty. ' A judicious shift with clover can alone do this?through this agency (if any) must our lost fortunes be redeemed. With clover as a cheap feed crop and a cheap fertilizer, and cot? ton as a market crop, something may yet be accomplished with negro labor, though under the baneful guidance of those disinterested philanthropists, the carpet-bagger and scala? wag. Taking Cold.?One way is to "bundle up in furs, or mufflers, tight about the neck ; take a brisk walk, go into a warm room?church, lecture-room, or concert?sit with your things all on, get warm, perspire freely, breathe vitia? ted air for an hour or two, aud when thorough? ly relaxed, the pores of the skin all open, go out into the cold, damp air, and you will soon begin to shiver. After having a drill, send for the doctor, and he will dose you with something hot; then go to bed; then, if left alone long enough, you may get up in a day or two, and in a fortnight or so you may repeat the impru? dence." There are are several other ways to tako cold. We will mention but one, aud that is to "over? eat." Stuff the stomach with improper food, more than it can digest, and you will soon find yourself "all clogged up" with a cold. You will cough or sneeze, blow your nose, aud "wonder how in the world you took such a cold."?Science of Health. The Latest Phase of intimidation.'' That was a very clever and stunning hit . which , Mr. Schurz gave the administration politicians when, in his able speech on Louisi? ana in the United States Senate, he said:1 'T cannot forget that, as to the discharge of labor? ers from employment for.political cause, a most seductive and demoralizing example is set by the highest authority'in the land. ' ? '* Mr. Sch?rz was speaking of colored men be? ing discharged by democratic employers for voting'the Republican ticket." He saT?f frankly that this practice undoubtedly existed in the Southern States to some, extent. But he re? minded tha Senate that the Democrats were not the only persons who "intimidated" voters in this way. He mentioned a case which occurred under his own eyes in North Carolina, in 1872, where a colored man was cruelly clubbed be? cause he had taken sides with the Democrats; The inference was obvious that so far as this particular kind of "intimidation" is concerned, and so far as opportunity offers, neither the Southern Democrats nor the Southern Repub? licans are free from offence. The politician of each class uses all the power he possesses to "control" votes. And why not, when "a most seductive and demoralizing example is set by the highest authority in the land?" Pursuing the same thought, "I have always condemned," said Mr. Schurz, "every species of intimidation interfering with the freedom of polical action, and therefore I am for a genuine civil ser? vice reform. But while your national gov? ernment (he was speaking especially to the Administration Senators) 'u the champion in timidator in the land, you must not be sur? prised if partisans on all sides profit from its . teachings; nor do I think that the intimidation which deters a colored man from voting with the opposition is leas detestable or less harmful to him than that which threatens him as a Re? publican." Mr. Schurz's stinging words will undoubtedly make a smart in.the White House. The President will discern in them hew' evi? dence that "generally the support which the ( civil service reform receives is from those who give it their support only to find fault when the rules are apparently departed.from." About the time the great Missouri Senator was speaking order's were issued in Washington that the advertisements of the Federal Govern? ment should be given to those journals alone which sustain the Administration through "thick and thin." This, it will be seen, is an even more striking piece of "intimidation" than that which was referred to by Mr. Schurz. It is the same thing in effect, for it is an at? tempt to control the opinions of the press through its. advertising department. The Democrat in Louisiana discharges his colored body servant, his porter or his field hand, be? cause the hitter votes the Kellogg Republican ticket. The Federal Administration withdraws its advertisements from certain journals because the latter discuss public questions without re? ference to the favor of the men who,.for the time being, constitute the General Government. The Louisiana democrat goes upon the theory that he not only has the right to direct the acts, but to control the opinious of his servant. The Federal Administration adopts the theory that the- public journals which contain the govern? ment advertisements shall, courtier like, say only what is pleasing to the ears of the dispen? sers of these advertisements. The Louisiana democrat makes no pretension to be iu favor of civil service reform, but the Administration does. ' Both agree in using business employ? ment as an aid in politics, with this difference that the citizens of Louisiana docs it in re? spect to his own private affairs over which he has absolute control, whereas the Administra? tion does it in respect to great public interests which it holds in trust for the welfare of the whole people. Postmaster General Jewell recently obtained considerable praise for saying, in his official re? port, that in the management of his depart? ment "the interests of the public shall be para? mount to those of any individual, corporation or party." He was praised for this because the sentiment commends itself to the candid judg? ment of all intelligent men. The Postoffice Department does not exist for political purpo? ses, but for business purposes. Its sole design and legitimate work is to carry the mails, not to meddle in politics. So the Treasury Depart? ment exists to carry on a particular business, which is not, in any partisan sense, political; and the same thing is true, with perhaps a slight exception Tn favor of the Stat? Depart? ment, Which deals with foreign affairs, of every department of tho Federal Government. It, follows from this that all the operations of these departments ought to be conducted on business principles and not in subjection to partisan opinions or necessities. If the Post office Department, for example, is required to advertise, the advertisements should be given out, not with reference to the opinions of edi? tors, but with reference to a journal's circu? lation, the character of its readers, and other business characteristics which will suggest themselves to any merchant. This is the way "business" is conducted. "Politics," it appears, are conducted differently. The administration has decided to unite the two and hereafter to conduct the business operations of the govern? ment so as, if possible, to "intimidate" the press. Of course the attempt will be a failure, but it is pitiable nevertheless.?JST. Y. Evening Post, A Singular Hallucination.?There now dwells in New York City a lady, who, iu all re? spects, seem3 a sane and sensible woman. She lost, five years ago, an only daughter of great promise, "seventeen years old, and the idol of the mother. Since her child's death she has had the room she used to occupy cleaned daily and the untouched bed pulled to pieces and made over. She sits before a vacant chair at the table and carefully fills the unused plate, and spring and fall buys the newest and pretti? est things for "Addie," giving away the bust year's garments, "Addie" having done with them. There is no appearance of mental gloom or disorder about her, yet she carries this vagary into every act of her life. Riding out, no one ever sits beside her, as that seat is filled by the imaginary, air-drawn daughter. When seats are taken at a theatre, her husband always gets three. You see the vacant chair between them, where she supposes the dead "Addie" sits and views the performance. She is cheerful and happy, and asked a friend of mine, the other day, for the pattern of a wrap? per, saying "Addie" kept her room bo much it would be serviceable, and several days later I j saw the poor mother busily braiding a Cash- j mere sack for "Addie." She will speak with all rationality for hours on all subjects, but suddenly excuses herself, saying she must go to "Addie" for a few moments. Sitting beside the empty bed, (to which her daughter was confined for two years before her death,) she clasps an unseen hand and .talks for hours with -; her phantom child. It is a strange case, but! by no means a sad one, since her tender minis tratiou to this viewless "Addie" makes the mother's heart rejoice. To all iutents and purposes the daughter seems to be with her constantly. Her husband contemplates taking her abroad, and the lady is already packing up , "Addio's" things.? New York Letter. The tJltimate Recovery of the Cotton Tax. In his late Message to the Legislature of Tennessee, Gov. Brown says this in behalf of the ultimate recovery of the Cotton Tax : - I beg to renew the information and recom? mendations contained in my message to the thirty-eighth general assembly. ( The thirty-seventh general assembly adopted a series of resolutions instructing our senators and requesting our representatives In congress to introduce and support such measures, during, their next session, as would cause to be refun? ded, without'delay, to the people Of: the'cotton growing States, the tax imposed and collected upon cotton forthe years 1865,1866 dnd-1867. A bill for that purpose has passed two readings in the house of representatives and is now be? fore the committee on'* ways' and means'.' "The second section of the bill provides, among oth? er things, "that the secretary of the treasurv of the United States, when said bonds shall have been authenticated as aforesaid, shall be au? thorized, and he is hereby required and direct? ed to turn over and deliver to the several gov? ernors, or other authorized agents of the sever? al States and Territories herein mentioned, bonds equaling in amount the amounts claimed by the United States from tax on the cotton in the several States?to be held by said States to be refunded and distributed to the parties who actually paid said tax, either in full or in part, pro rata, as circumstances may require, or oth? erwise to be disposed of as the several legisla? tures may direct by law, if it 'shall be found impracticable to refund or distribute said sev? eral amounts as aforesaid among the parties who actually paid said tax, with authority to the secretary of the treasury to use currency to pay fractions of $100 in all settlements with said States." It is well known that the farmer seldom paid the tax directly to the government agent. He generally sold his crop to the cotton buyers at the market price', less the cotton tax, the cotton buyer retaining the amount of the cotton tax out of the market value of the cotton to pay the revenue officers. Then, who lost the amount of tax? Cer? tainly the producer?the farmer. And it Was upon him, and not upon the factor or buyer, that the tax operated as a burden. You will doubtless concur with me, then, that the tax should be refunded to the pro? ducers. I therefore recommend that you instruct our Senators and request our Representatives in Cougress to procure, if possible, such an' amendment to the bill as will secure the re? funding of the tax to the producer, at least so far a3 Tennessee is concerned. That will re? move all doubt as to the construction of the language "actually paid," and place the right* of the producer beyond hazard. I suggest that you further instruct your Sen? ators and request your Representatives, if it is found impossible to secure the repayment of this unjust, iniquitous, odious and unconstitu? tional cotton tax to producers, that it be paid to the States respectively whose laborers paid the tax, to be held: as a school fund, or applied to the extinguishment of their debts. The Bayonet in Yicksburg. The sincerity of the President's Louisiana message of explanatiou and apology is made dubious by his action in Vicksburg. At the special election for Sheriff in that city on De? cember 31, one Flanagan claimed a majority over Crosby, the colored candidate. Governor Ames applied for troops to prevent a possible disturbance at the Opening of the Court, and yesterday, by the authority of the President, through General "Emory, Captain Head, of the Third United States infantry, went to the Court House and expelled Flanagan by military force. A guard of soldiers was then placed over the Sheriffs office, which was afterward remo\?.?d, when the office was turned over to the Presi? dent of the Board of Supervisors. In all of these proceedings Judge Hill declined to inter? fere. So we see that the Army of the United States is expected not only to determine who shall be Governors and who are entitled to seats as leg? islators, but who shall be city and county offi? cers. The President claims the right to seat a sheriff. Napoleon marked the places of armies by sticking pins in the map of Europe, but General Grant pierces the map of the peaceful South with bayonets. In such a case ?s this his interference has no excuse, especially after his message to Congress,' and it looks like a quiet defiance of the protest so emphatically made by the people. Only iu the case of the militia of Mississippi failing to carry out the: laws of the State should the Federal authority be exerted; but Governor Ames did nothing and the Courts did uothing. The interference is practically but the continuation of the Lou? isiana business, aud will surely be condemned by the country. It tends rather to destroy than uphold the sovereignty of the State, and will throw new discredit upon the national ad? ministration. In his message the President said, in refereuce to Louisiana affairs, "I can conceive of no case not involving rebellion or insurrection where such interference by au? thority of the General Government ought to be permitted or can be justified." Was there rebellion or insurrection in Vicksburg yester? day ? We know of none, unless it was rebel? lion against the constitution by the President of the United States himself.?JV. Y Herald, mh inst. Tue Apple.?The apple, as we all know, is the first fruit mentioned in the Bible, and has been the occasion of various legends and su? perstitions. In Arabia it is believed to charm away disease, and produce health and pros? perity. In some countries the custom remains of placing a rosy apple in the hand of the dead, that they may find it when they enter Paradise. The Greeks use it aa a symbol of wealth and large possessions, thus attesting their esteem for the fullness and richness of its qualities. Iu northern mythology the apple is said to produce rejuvenating power. Germany, France and Switzerland have numerous legeuds regarding this fruit. In some it is celebrated as the harbinger of good fortune, causing one's most earnest desires to be fulfilled; in others its beautiful properties are shown forth ?s bringing death and destruction; others again speak of it as an oracle in love affairs; this is especially the case with the Germans, not only in their uumorous tales, but in some surviving customs. In England, as well as in our own country, is known among school girls the pop? ular use of the apple seeds in dividing one's sweet-heart. The peeling is also used as a test in this delicate matter. The frequent use of apples, either before or after meals, has a most healthful effect upon digestion. Better cat less meat and more fruit. An eminent French physician thinks that the decrease of dyspepsia and bilious affections in Paris is owing to the increased consumption of apples, which fruit, he maintains, is au admira? ble prophylactic and tonic, as well as a very nourishing and easily digested article of food. It is well, therefore, that the Parisians, and indeed all the French, are more and more ex? travagantly fond of apples and all other fruit; and it will be well for us to imitate their ex-1 travaganco in this respect. The True Economy, The question is not, how cheaply we can manage to keep soul and body together, bat how can we bring both body and soul to the' highest condition of vitality and power? To lire/is something more' than to' exist';- How can-we live most and best ? Hon .can we fe?d* intellect and affection, conscience, sympathy, imagination, reverence, as well as the physical - system ? All pinching and restricting of diet is injurious in the long run. The beau-map, the bean-bread-man, the one-meal-man, the mart who goes mouaingabout the world intent ohlyon cheapness, never makes the scales of power kick the beam. He wastes more than hesaves? He checks; an income instead of,stopping an outgo. The men who make the most ado over the petty prudences of life, and perpetually1 obtrude their parsimonious practice on public notice never amount to anything, or do any% thing of account. Man wante all he can use, assimilate, organize, reproduce. The things that strengthen, and beautify his esseutial manhood, that enrich his sentiments and refine his sensibilities, that ennoble his intellect and enlarge the scope of his being and#the horizon of his possibilities, belong to him by right, as the crown and purple belong to royalty. Every man ought to aspire and labor to live generously, and have a comfortable and taste? ful home, and surround himself and his family: with everything that tends to increase health and happiness, and create an atmosphere of intelligence and refinement. Beauty, elegance, art, society, music, are our birthright. It ia not waste to spend what one has for things that foster a noble pride, heighten self-respectj beautify the body, and cultivate the mind.. It is true economy that spends something for books and pictures, and for occasional glimpse* of nature. The charities' and humanities are not luxuries, that the poorest man on earth should deny himself of them. The loving; trustful, adorning sympathy that forgets-"its own wants and meagre resources, and breaks the costliest thing it has on the head of the one beloved is not a recklessness to be cen? sured, but a devotion to be commended for its' divine nobility. Saving may be ant-like and beaver-like, but Sicrifice is God-like.?Herald] of Health. Official Organs.?We make the following extract from the proceedings of the State Sen? ate, as reported by the Charleston Newt and Courier: ? ?? ? The most important of these was a bill to repeal Chapter CXXV of the General Statutes of South Carolina, relative to the publication of legal notices, which chapter is the law au? thorizing the State officers to designate official organs in which all legal notices must be pub? lished. There was considerable discussion t'pon the bill. Senator Nash favored the repeal of the law. He was sick of these wishy-washy official or? gans. If there was to be an official organ let it be a paper like the News and Courier?a paper that would stick to its party through thick or thin. Senator Bowen also favored the repeal of the law. He saw no justice in a law which made a paper published in Greenville County the official paper for Pickens County. Senator Duncan said that this was not a po? litical question. The act in question was da signed for the benefit of a few individuals whp desired to start papers, and whose brief career consisted in walking up to the State Treasury to draw their money and then subside. The injustice of the law was manifest. The county officers were placed completely at the mercy of the official organs, who would charge anything they pleased. There was no competition at all. It was nothing but fair'to let the county news? papers have a fair fight and open field. Let those who had to advertise have the chances of an open field, and get, their advertising done by those who would do it the cheapest. r li '* Senator Whittemore said that the reason why the committee reported favorably on the repealing bill, was because no legal notice could have any force unless it was published in one of these designated papers. They' re? garded the law as iniquitous and unjust: 'c - Senator Cain made a bitter fight against the bill. He first moved to postpone it, but this motion being lost he next moved to except Edgefield from the repeal. But there was hot even a second to this amendment, and the'bill was then passed to a third reading by a vote of 17 to 3, those voting in the. negative heing Jervey, of Charleston, Cain, of Edgefield, and Owens, of Laurens. '- mt~-?^im~-? [. Farmer and Newspapers.?We have been frequently surprised to see how many farmers, well to do in worldly riches, neglect or-refuse to take some good.uewspaper for the benefit of "himself and family. They seem to think they have no interest in the affairs of the outside world; that they have to deal with nothing except the land they plow or the stock they feed, and the children they are rearing in ig? norance. They forget that they are a part of the great human family, placed upon this orb to work out the plans of the good and wise Creator, and as such have no right to dam up the great stream of progress. The laws of progression are as unalterable as are any others in nature, and that man who impedes those laws with an offspring?children uneducated and besotted with ignorauce?com? mits a sin which reacts not only on himself, but on his descents for long years in the future. Newspapers are made to spread intelligence and improve the morals of mankind. To the farmer, above all men, they should be a neces? sity, from the very fact that they afford him in his isolated condition the only means of mix? ing in the busy scenes of life. Man in a her? mit state becomes a personification of selfish? ness?caring for nobody and nobody caring for him. Devolopinent comes alone from associa? ting with our fellow men, and appropriating to ourselves the advancement which they make. No farmer should do without this social schooling, both for his own good and that of his children, and in no way can he obtain it so fully and cheaply as through the newspaper and periodical literature of the day; and he who neglects to receive these advantages de? prives himself of light, and lives out his days in worse thau heathen darkuess. ? In 1835 a young woman used to call every week at the New York post-office for a letter addressed to Miss Mary H. Russel. She con? tinued her regular visits up to about ten years ago, and the clerks had become familiar with her face but could never find out anything re? specting her history. During the past ten years letters have continued to come to her ad? dress, though less frequently than formerlyt Not being called for they have been opened, but each contained only a five dollar bill and a statement when the next is to be sent. There is no inside address, date, or signature. The handwriting is apparently that of a feeble old man. The person to whom they are addressed is doubtless dead. ? "Did I understand you to say that I was lousy, sir?" "Oh.no; I only told my friend j when it rained lice in Egypt I thought you must have been walking there without a hat 1 or an umbrella?that's all!"