Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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! ?Ml Ttfj LiOO ? ?'* ' r * ?.??7/ >w T I a;utw #<-???/ /?? ?? ? V v ?>,.., ??i^j. f.- ?>: p.:haul i lo ttvtJ e ANDERSON C. H., S. G;, THURSDAY MORNING, JANUARY 21, 1875. VOLUME X.?NO. 27. ? ?tfawtd - WifflErarew^il): GL, JaiLlO, 183&. "^aWp^^&tift t?tte? $e^?itr wdeii -to- -give ? yoor :reatlers '-what; transpired a.t:tha j ^ncro j held in the half nf.ih'ft Jgnnw!^ Beprese'ri^l *tives ;fast. ijigt?, ?MriKfc* ?ae? toffditio? oi **efee of Louisra-na. i? -The- cautfus :wi3 o?e of &er. m -Washington beingdnhis place. - R?p? sen tafoe Mavnard. 'Xtf TOtfn^e, f>fteUjea, ?secrecy upon all who "participated in the pro-j It. w-aa iM?kabie tkat. while members members T^re^veredesirous of keeping revBry thtngs'ecr'et'and Tr6avib'erpubli(^-^ithout gi v -?ng any satisfactory explanation. The secrecy resolu?ri^^5*p@^>y #^ majori-i ty. Xn attempt of Representative White, of Ajabamar to i?VG . the wok of -P?esident ^jepns afl^ .?fldor^?!bro?gni. upj.the entire iioahiana question, which ha? bean so fully ^rsca^edin 'tlle^afe^?cy dsj^nHng the part: week. Judge Hoar, of Tttassachusetts, toot a bold stand against the propOs?fion.- -As a result, a resolution of some kind was adopted, ?^airSi)tit yt?m'iOZitxtetj night, the members being unusually reticent; in regard to any^arSculareT It is safe to say; -koweve r^th at -iir-i White '3-4* epositioa, wa&te bled, and the resolution adopted was a sort of compromise measure, that at best is not satis-! cured and laaghea at the idea or The pr . "tioii of Bccrecy, rad^'lt;.^^?-tt?hftkra^f thiug, and calculated to create dissafisJhctlon J?mopg' the people irbo kite j%t'uoy particular-, iy; anxious to learn7all tney ca'ri'aWt.fiese maStera. ' ? y /. " '? ? ? :..Ti^. interfere!^ afiairj of^tae jiouisiana LegislatatsJ*as caused much 'excitement In poljtitajfreies 'here, and'was tie only subject which consumed^ the tiu>e of the Renate for a week. Sfe?ato?' G?rdon, ? of Georgia, madejaiamajk pa Wedae^ay last in discnssing the- outrages perpetrated- upon the rights of the. people in Louisiana by the mili? tary authorities of the government of the ?ni .ted States, iad during the' delivery-; of hid speech he Was frequently applauded from the .galleries, to the titter dismay of the Republican Senators, who sustain the unconstitutional pro? ceed ingK of the Executive, and caused an -order to issue calling upon the Metropolitan Police force of the city to be present in ibe .corridors of the 'Senate' and pre^erre order. - S^AWr -Gordon has immortalized himself by his *ble .?pe^^d.put $&araej the? inetf who W?ttU override the constitution and laws in the. inter est of party. The hour is- fraught with danger; mid big with great results. Is there no Mira beau who ?an portray them in language.fit to be handed down to history?. The. present drama represents the Money Power and party, corruptionists, wfco/^p^^ a^pTono^f *rke^ .essay to do that ah ich the people, wi 11' ?je ve r tolerate. It cannot be., forgotten thai irithe) sesajon-of '60 autf '61 overy speech found its! response in the gallery. -Borrngthe past week' the ?ame has been repeated, audit indicates a feverish state of public' feeling wwioh meo ia power, would -doyweil Vi heed. : ff tnep?oplei then rushed to the. support of tie Federal G ov? errent to help it.protect itself; tho. people now will rush to the support of their iastitu imperialize the Repiiblio and-rdeuce^he States! into provinces. . It-ia, time tb,at all men |n pub-) lie life, had. learned the truth of Mirabeau's: grand declaration^ that "Privileges mud die,i but the people are eternal?' * .1 j The rumors abouf'f?9 city last night werel rather ftma^fng te-'th^vrVes?^^ his1 course towards, the.-people of Louisiaea. His) acts have failed to receive the endorsement off 'has Cabinet, the statement to .the.''contrary* notwithstanding and 'a dissolution' ? of tbej 'Cibtttet is expe'j^'.'to'teke, p^e4'?:.v?ryJfeW' day*. Conpled- with-tfab is a rumor that letters' hare been received1 it tffe White, House threat-' ?eing ?sssssiaation, ail showing the feverish! state of the public pulse, and'the di*wati.^fiedl state of. the pnbjic mind. Thai the men in power who endorse the Ex-' ecutive contemplate -the" eentralization, alii power in the federal Government as - thefirsd step towards Imperialism,, there is' no doubt,! but the people I believe will be true to the in fifttitntlons of the fathers. But ? "eternal vigl-4 lanee i3 tberprice^af liberty."' ? ihweptiog the^paaaage'of the finance bill in! the House under tie. whip and spur of the pre" vioua.question,.and ??itijout debase,- there has been little else thought of since the re?assem~ blir.g of> Gongress^i outside of the Louisiana) troubles. On the finance bilr, which gives ve*y j little satisfaction, to'any who voted for it, I will! ha ve more to say in- some future letter. I Society in, this city was in high spirits-lasfl week, it being in all-respects the gayest of the1 season, there being more afternoon calling than during any previous week sldce the season) opened. Tbej?tate di.nntr-.oaTuesday opening at the^Wfite Houseiwas-fh keeping with the usual preparations on sucb occasions^ the prin ,?iptl guest*bmngthe;Jndge? of the U/STlSu Seme Court and their, ladles; and Mr. and Mrs. xrSecretarr of the Narfc Borle with their daughter, who are on a visit at this time at tha White House. By . far. the most fashionable cand party of the season, was that of .Secretary and Mrs. Fish on Friday- evening, and, al? though: crowded, it* wasj pronounced the most comfortable ? of any parly we have - had for a long time. The company was composed of a large percentage of young folks, who, after-all, furnish the only true attraction to such" oc? casions, and give to tfllm the air of real pleas? ure. The toilets of the ladies were of the most elegant and costly patterns and' styles, a description of which 1 must for boar, owing to the length;of my letter. OBSERVER. The Governor's Message. 91 TJpWr tbfe&-tasembltog of tbe- ?Legisktare, ^v/'C&daB^Mn '?eit in ttle^gtby^essage, J#ttt1i'is:ctire9y occupied frith a ft&eWof the Annual 'reports ot ,the Varioua. oteciats. His ^mBsskj^e^ urges the same line of policy contained in theinaugural address, and the- concluding portijau specifically urges various measures -of reform, :which wid bo found in the annexed ?esctiwstBiJ? ?dt in i send n 1 * >q if-.a nl I FLOATING INDEBTEDNESS''d'T' THE ^TMB. j The..floating iudeBtecTness^f ,the State pre-j sents a'subj?ef-s? vast, ?St?elibed-andcbmplica-j ?tediAstq reoufre theexoEcjs? of o^r beat^udg-j ment as weil as great caution in dealing with it. The'toi?l'?m??n't or ith'e apparent indebt? edness oT 'this class w >h"n*ft*fftaraed. Tha legal validity-of a large pftrtof ft is more than doubtful, nrrd; tbe meritorious character of a : still largeripdrt!may well be disputed. There is a-certain view which may be taken of this whole class of indented riess, -which would treat it as a matter to be indefinitely postponed. In this view the present Administration and Gen ?erral Assembly might regard it as.an indebted? ness for which they arc not responsible and which .they should Dot, therefore, .permit to be? come a burden upod their management%tpub? lic aflafr?: *Foir thy- dWh part; i cannot alto ^etfaer take this view of the subject-; I must 'regard so much of this indebtedness as has the character of legal and moral validity as a por tioii-of the public burden which. we, -who are how called to conduct public affairs,, must as? sume. On tbe other hand, I am inflexibly opposed to the hasty or present liquidation of any considerable portion of this indebtedness. The,public interests, in my judgment, require, I first, that we -ahdufd.provide for the payment promptly, and in &H, of all expenditures made or to be made during the present year. Not until -thh Is done should attention be turned to the -past floating indebtedness of the State, further than ,this^ I am opposed to any plan which looks to the indiscriminate payment of 'iert ?'is Indebtedness Or its indiscriminate re? duction or rejection. I; think its anformt, the ?various: classes- of whi$h it consists, the tame and circumstances under which and the objects for which, it was incurred should be ascertained. After this is done, I.think euch portions of this .indebtedness as have the highest merit in point . of general eqpity should be provided for, if.it Lflao be dQue without imposing too great a bur I den of taxation upon the people. . Under this latter -head,. I think,, wouhd fall the existing in-, [ debtedness, in great part, at least, of the Luna? tic Asylum and the State Penitentiary; and, I perhaps, of other charitable and penal institu ( lions. I know, for instance, from personal ex ?perieoce and information, that many of our merchants, bankers and other citizens have come forward, from a sense of duty and not from ordinary bu|juess,motives, on several oc caeions, to sus^feycnir jLugatic Asylum and Penitentiary bj^Ernisfi^'suppiies'^and by lending their morrayVpnd credit. Such service^ create tbo:'highest possible obligating on the . part of the State; to repay such parties at the earliest practicable time. I recommend, then, that, after due discrimination between the clas? ses of. our floating indebtedness has been made,. !s?ch portions 6r classes of this indebtedness be selected as have the highest eqnitable claim to payment, and, .then,- that it. ? be ascertained .whether the people, ar* able to bear, the burden of any additional tax to pay them, in whole or in part. Whatever it may be found possible "to do in this' way, I trust will be done. Above all things', the7General Assembly sbCuFd nwfcc any BtfcB' levy specific in all respects: The ob? jects to wbicii the tax is to be applied should ? be diatiBgareired, beyortd all doubt or Question ; ?If. any debta-axe .to be paid in .full, it should be so ordered ; and if a pro rata payment among .several debts or-classes-of.debts is to be made, .the .exact mode and. percentage of payment should be specified. No opportunity should be jgrftrn'^o/?oy: diversion'of such funds from the "pre^Ts^'dbjectjj for"whicB they are designed by 'the* General Asttetttbly. With Che expression of these vi9ws, I submit the matter to the wis? dom of the Gen oral Assembly, witb the hope that auch actiou will be token a^ will convince, .ail honest; public creditors, of the readiness of .this-General Assembly to do all in their power to "meet the just obligations of the State. ?r-^j MINORITY REPRESENTATION.' ? .? JLcommen<Hp"the cousidei atiipu of "the Qeni-j eral Assembly the qtiestieu of enacting a law! applying the system of voting, known . as "cumulative Toting" or "minority representa ti?n, . to the'electiohs of incorporated cities and' 'towhV tH: tKe*Sfa't?. I do not feet prepared to' rd? mbreta^tiTO-recommend that the system-bo tried on a small scale at present. As a matter of- theory, tbe-systetn:promises the best results,: ? but I think our policy respecting it shollld' be! tentativfe .at first i If its practical results are' satisfactory when applied to our cfcies And1 *ToWs7pinnf<r seTTffrttehrwill stlsttfltr*its appH-. cation to other eledtioW.' 'A bill introduced by' Senator Cochran, of Anderson, is now before .the Senate, which .embraces this feature among vita provision-', and I commend it to the favora -ble actio? of the Geaerai Assembly. REVENUE RECOMMENDATIONS.-' '' ? f'ren?w,. with increased confidence, thVre .commendations made in my inaugural address, and especially fhe recommendations for a" re ! ductioo of all public expenditures to the low? est point consistent with the actual require? ments of good government;. the discontinuance! ? of contingent funds, except to a very limited .extent;: U*e shortening of the sessions of the ? General- Assembly ; the reduction of its CX penses atid the e^tite'abolition: of legislative I contingent or incidental funds; the removal of all abuses connected;wHth the public printing; the keeping' of expenditures' Within receipts, and parti'cula'ry the immediate' adoption of a proper systenS of accountability inrhe'disburse mcat of. all public funds. The practical en? forcement of. the last recommendation I regard as absolutely essential to our success in avoid? ing-the eyils of the past, which now block our ..efforts at progress on every hand; Upon tbi? -subject, my-views are so decided that I shall fiittliobiiged in future to place the responsibili? ty for a failure to adopt some safer system-than J&e_onC.npw prjevailing entirely"upon' the Gen? eral Assembly., MODE OF SELECTING COUNTY AUDITOR8 AND y. TREASURERS. In my inaugural address, I caljed:.attention to the question of ?he/best mode of selecting the County Auditors and Treasurers.: - My re? marks on that occasion have been understood as a positive recommendation of their election by 'the* pe?ple: Such* wlis nor my intention, nor does , my language'properly cohv^ey \that meaning. I intended' sltnply to brinjg thfe ques? tion before-the- Gehefa}' Assembly." My rela? tions to this question are such at present as possibly to give me an unconscious bias in considering the subject. The- importunity of applicants, the difficulty1 of obtaining correct aud unbiased information as to. the qualifica? tions of applicants, and tho personal dissatis? faction certain to arise, whenever any selection is made from several candidates, may, I am aware, affect my present judgment upon this question, and I, therefore, leave" it, without recommendation,, to the wisdom of f!he General Assembly. * .JUSTICES op THE PEACE AND CONSTABLES. In my inaugural address,. I re com m en ded that the provisions of tne State Constitution, which require the election Jiy the. people in each County of "a,competent number, of Justices of the Peace aria Constables,*''should be enforced ^ithfout further aH'ay. Considerable discu&ion hate since tsrfcen p lacs respecting the - wisdom oif that recommendation, and I now'venture, in .renewing.that recommendation,.to.preseut my "reasons more fully." The one aH-sumoing 'rea< %htwWffi^OT^a?la!M 'erected By'?e' :1peo'ple, a reas?fTwhich" should supersede*the; Necessity offurther?lsc?Ssidn, in^y'jddgmeflt}' is that such is the positive requirement ef the Constitution. I do not, think ihe general poli? cy or result of the system, nor especially any question of party advantage or disadvantage, has any proper place in..tne consideration of this qtfeStibfi. T unterstand tha't'C?ustitiitions Mremade'tb be obeyed and executed. I under? stand that this principle appl?BS 'to all parts \ ; and provisions of the Consti tu tons. I am aware that there is a certain latitudinarian rule of J construction, a sprt.^pf questiojiable "judge* made law," which enab'le'',Cpur^) at their dis? cretion, t?hol? tha t a s'ta't?t'e which'says "shall, 'orily trleans "may}*' but I kribw dfno res'pec taWe^tithtfrity which' permits :snch a rule to be 'applied to Constitutions. -Alltbe requirements of a Constitution are mandatory, and if this particular.requirement of our Constitution can be set aside, then there is no such thing left, as far as l ean s,ee, as Constitutional obligation in bur State." The whole quksWn is, therefbrb, settled for me''by a-simple reference to the Con-] stitution. But, if this Were a'q'uestioh of policy; merely, my judgment and experience wontd ?lend me to the same conclusion. It is a prac? tical impossibility, in my judgment, for any Governor to appoint, 350 Trial. Justices, in. all Sarts ?f me State, so as to secure, to hpr'iiperi egree, the frrteTests of 'the people ?affecttWFby &eseapp6ihtriWrita. Thrsimpb^bnUy-beeome? more apparent when che Governor finds him? self surrounded and trammelled in the dis? charge of his duty in thisrespect, by what are considered his obligations to the-political party, to which he owes hid election. The. people of the several Counties are certainly better quali? fied to s&tect these officers fcfrari any- central 'ap? pointing powef cab" be, arid ttiey" are ?-'more cer? tain to act in the spirit of at desire to secure the welfare of their local community than any Gov? ernor can be expected to bei Their knowledge is greater, their interests is greater, and hence their selections will be better. .? It is sometimes' 'suggested that if these officers .were ."elected by the people, their removal, if found unworthy, wonld'be tob difficult. ?The' auswef-is, that'the . fact of the difficulty in procuring their removal would, in the first place, produce that very cau? tion io making the selection which is .needed But, in the second place, there need be no un? due delay in procuring their removal of. un? worthy Justices of the J^eace. They can under the Constitution, he removed by the process of 'impeachment or address*add I see iro difficulty in providing by statute that, an indictment for. any nlfsconduct should work thd suspension, and a con viction of such offence should work a forfeiture pf the office. No officer .ought cer? tainly . to hold his office by a weaker. tenure than this. If.the constitutional system shall, after fair trial, prove to be objectionable, the Constitution can be so amended as to put an end to the system and substitute a better sys? tem. My deliberate conclusion, after a careful consideration, is that the General Assembly is bound by the Constitution to provide for the election by the people of the several Counties' [of Justices of the Peace and Constables, arid I "make that recommendation Without hesita? tion. ' REGISTRATION OF ELECTORS. > In my inaugural address, I recommended that the provision of the State ..Constitution wbicH makes it the duty of the . peher al Assembly "to provide, from timer to tirire, for the registration of all electors," should be no longer disregarded. I have observed the discussion which this recommendation has oc? casioned , but I am unable to feel the force of any argument* drawn from considerations of political .policy, when opposed to a plain re qiiiremeut of the fonstiiatfp'qV. If it were^de 'moustra'bre that party' advantage wobl'd arise: 'from the neglctf at fliis requirement of t?te' ?G?nSfittttOh/- if^woffld hotHave''*' featbefs! weight in deterring me from ?carrying" Ibto' .effect the Constitution which I have sworn- to! support. But; it. is. idle tp urge.that a regiatra? tion of electors will help 6c b,urt any party which relies'upou proper .means to sustain its' supremacy. A .registration Pf elector's is" an! "obvious measure of justice.- It wfflhat prevent1 all election-frauds, bit it will' go far towards' ?thatetfd,: ansd wttl tend togive a degree of con? fidence in the result of-our elections, which has sometimes been wanting. In conclusion, I feel warranted in congratu? lating the General Assembly and our fellow j citizens generally, on the evidences already 'presented of a purpose on the part of all good citizeps to aid the present Administration in' "its'efforts'to restore aind enforce good goverri merit in our State. It is not t?? mu?ft' to sayr that every substantial interest of our people' has already revived, under the belief that our ;ublic trusts will be honestly administered, acknowledge with gratitude, in the common interest of our, whole people, the many proofs which I have received of the sincere purpose of those who did not support me in the late election to auBtaiu the measure and policy ?ri udauced in my inauguration address. It be? tokens a practical unification, in its best sense, of our two races. Sq long as I can be the in? strument by. which-such, results are promoted, I shall not be disturbed by the unfriendly crit? icisms of. the few who may charge me with lack of partisan zeal. "Vly political priucipfes will never'becortcealed ilor compromised; but whenever' the nPcdsl ties', of any political party shall req?ire me to disregard'or abuse nry pub? lic trusrej then my'allegi?nce to th'af party will cease. All my recommendations now-and here? tofore made in the direction of pubbo econo? my, have been made in good faith, nor shall I be satisfied, to borrow the language of another, with "that vague and verbal economy which public men are so ready to express with regard to public expenditures, but'only with th?t car nest and inexorable economy which proclaims i?s existence by accomplished facts:" ThcmoBt auspicious day for our State will be the day Which finds all our people so united in their regard for the public weal that the advent to power of any political party shall'not euda.n ger'lhc liberties or the material interests of anV'class'of our fell'ow*-c1tizc'ris. I). H. CHAMBERLAIN. Govr. ? The Oregon Legislature has passed a law providing that a person* losing- money shall nave the right to recover bylaw twice'the amount of hie loss. Under this law, the more a man loses the more he wins, and such an op? portunity for the breaking of faro banks was never offered. ? We'll ride fifty miles to see two brothers under twelve years of age go to bfrd together without having a dispute about something. PteslHenl; G?i&sLoftlsiana Message. . r,. In answer to ?jr. T^urman's resolution, ask? ing for information upon Louisiana affairs, President Grant sent in a message to the Seh ' ant on the 1 {3th Inst. The principal portion of. the message is occupied with a recital of out-, rage?, and'a review of the .political excitement : fn ihat'State for the last two yekwi Upon the, ,^aiu,point, jn re^hrti to fife military Ihterfier:. .?bcp ^ith^fhVor^amz^ipo of the lJegial??iift the -President speaks as follows: . f>n* ?Respecting the alleged interference :by-the ttrillt?fy'with the organization of the Legtislk- i ttfre of; Louisiana oh the 4th instant, I have iio knowledge or information which has not been receivedIfrtne sinGe that time andpnblished. 'My first information was from the papers of the mdnriog'Of the 5th of January. Tdid uot know that any such thing was anticipated, and ?no orders ^nor suggestions weile ever given to any military officer In that State upon that sub? ject prior to the occurrence. Iam well aware that any military interference by any officer or troops of the United States with the organiza? tion of a 'State Legislature, or any of its pro? ceedings, or with any civil department of the government, is repugnant to our ideas of gov? ernment. ' I'c?n conceive of no case not involv $?g rebellion or insurrection where such inter? ference, by authority of the General Govern? ment, ought to be permitted or can be justified. Bni there are circumstances connected with the late Legislative embroglio in Louisiana Which Seem to exempt the military from any intentional wrong in the matter. Knowing that they had been in Louisiana to prevent I domestic violence, and aid in the enforcement ?of thfe State laws, theofficers aud troops of the United States may well have supposed that it was their duty to act when called upon by the Governor for that purpose. Each branch of a legislative assembly w the judge of the election ?and- qualification of its own members; but if ?4.mob of Unauthorized persons seize and hold the'Legislative hall in a tumultuous and riot? ous manner, aud so prevent any organization by those legally returned as elected, it might become the duty of the State Executive to ln :<terpose; and',; requested by ? majority of the members elect, to suppress the disturbance, aud enable the persons elected to. organize the ?ihouse. Any exercise of this power would only be justifiable under the most extraordinary cir? cumstances, and it would be the duty of the Governor to call upon the constabulary, or, if neces8ary,'the military force of the State. But With reference to Louisiana it is to be borne in mind that any attempt by the government to use ' the police force of that State at the time would have undoubedly precipitated a bloody con diet- with the white league, as it did on the 14th of September. There is no doubt but that the presence of the United States troops upon that occasion prevented bloodshed and the loss of life. Both parties appear to have relied up? on them as conservators of the public peace. The first call was made by the Democrats, to remove persons- obnoxious to them from the Legislative hall, and the second was from the Republicans, to remove persons who had usurped seats in the Legislature without legal certificates authorizing them to seats, and in sufficient number to change the majority. No? body was disturbed by the military who had a legal right at that time to occupy a seat in the Legislature. That the Democratic minority of the House undertook to seize its organization by fraud:and violence; that in this attempt they trampled under foot the law ; tbat they undertook to make persons not returned as elected members, so as to create a majority; I that they acted under a preconcerted plan and under false pretences; introduced into the hall a body of men to support their pretences by force, rf necessary, and that conflict, disorder and riotous proceedings followed, are facts that seem to be well established; and I am credita? bly informed that,these violent proceedings were a premeditated plan to' have the House organized in this way, and recognize what has been called the McImicry Senate, and then,to disnjjse of Governor Kellogg, and so revolution? ize, the' State;Government. . Wiiether it was wrong for the governor, at the request of the majority of, the' members re? turned as elected to the, bouae, to use B?ch me'?hi as were in his power to defeat these lawl?s and revolutionary proceedings, is pit-, .hajns'. a 'debatable qdesiibn^ but i t is' quite cer 'tain there wh'ul'd* have1 b'eeii So trouble" ff those 'who complain of illegal interference had aL %?e8 the house' to be 'organized iti a'.lawful1 and reg alarm an Pgr. W h en those xvho rhftugu rare^isof^eTand'au'iTc^ proceed fij^ntiwill 6V-Gme enough' to eon dem n' those 'who,' b*y such'means "as" they haVe', try to pre? vent the success of their lawless and desperate scheriles. Lienten?ut-Generai Sheridan was ? requested'by me to go* to Louisiana to-observe and report the situation there, and if, in his. opiuion necessary, to assume the command,' I'which he did on the 4th ihstrnt, after the leg? islature disturbance had occurred, at 9 o'clock I p. nr., a number of hours after the disturban? ces. No party motives or prejudices can rea? sonably be imputed to him; but, honestly cou . victed by what he has seen aud heard there, he has characterized the leaders of the white league in severe terms, aud suggested a sum? mary mode of proceeding against them, which, though they can't be adopted, would, if legal, soon put an end to the trouble and disorders in the Suite. General Sheridan was looking .at facts, aud possibly not thinking of any pro? ceeding which would be the only proper one to'pursue in time'of peace ;. ho thought more of the utterly'lawless' Condition of society that surrounded hi in at the time of his dispatch, and of what would prove a' sure remedy. He never proposed to do any illegal act, nor ex? pressed a determination to proceed beyond what the law in the'future might authorize for the punishment of the atrocities which have been committed, aud the commission of which cannot be successfully denied. It is a deplo? rable fact that political crimes aud murders have been committed in Louisiana which have gone unpunished, and which have been justi? fied or apologized for, which must rest as a re? proach upon the State aud country long after the present generation has passed away. I have no desire to have United States troops interfere in the domestic concerns of Louisiana or any other Stat e. On the 9th of December last Governor Kellogg telegraphed to mo his appreheusiou that the white league intended to make another attack upon the State House, to which oil the 'same day I gave the following answer, since which no communication has been sent to him: "Your dispatch of this date just received. It is exceedingly unpal ateable to use troops iu anticipation of danger. Let the State authorities be right, and then proceed with their duties without apprehen? sion of danger. If they are then molested, the question will be determined whether the United States troops is able to maintain law and order within its limits or not." I have deplored the necessity which seemed to mako it ray duty under the constitution and laws to direct such interferences. I have always re? fused, except When it seemed to he my imper? ative duty, to act in such a manner under the constitution and laws of the United States. I have repeatedly and earnestly entreated the 'people-of the'South to Iiv<?'together in peace and obey the laws, and nothing would give me greater pleaslire. than to see peace and trau quility everywhere prevail, ana thereby remove, all necessity for the presence of troops among i thenl I regret,however, 'to jay 'that this state of things does hot exist, nor does its existence seem to be. desired? in some localities ,*'and as to them it may be proper for me to say that to the extent tha,t Congress ,has conferred power lipon "me,W prevent it,'"neit1ier"'kQ'',Mux xj'an,1 WHile leagues, ttbr any other ?'a^soclaf i?ft rtrsfng arras and . violence to execute their unlawful .purposes, can. be permitted that ,way to govern any part of this country, nor can I see with indifference "??i?b men "or Republicans ostra? cised, persecuted and murdered bri account of their opinions, as they how are in some locali? ties. ..... M I have heretofore urge^. tlje _case of Lou? isiana upon, the attention of Congress, and I can't but thirfk that its inaction has produced great evil. Some time in September last an armed organized body of men to support the candidates who had.been put in nomination for the officers of Governor and Lieiifehant-Gov i ernorat the November election in 1872, and whb had been declared not elected by the board of canvassers, recognized by all the. courts to which the question had been submitted, under? took to subvert and overthrow the State gov? ernment that had been recognized by me in ac? cordance .with well known precedents. The recognized government was driven frpm the State House, and but for his fiudiug shelter in the capital of the State of which he was gov? ernor, it is scarcely to be doubted but that he would have been killed. 'From the State House, before he had been driven to tre Custom House, a. call was made, in accordance with the fourth section .of the constitution of the United States', for the aid of the general gov? ernment to suppress domestic violence under these circumstances, and, in accordance with my sworn duties, my proclamation, of the 15th September, 1S74, was issued. This served to reinstate G?v. Kellogg lo his position nominal? ly^ but it cannot be claimed that the insurgents have, to this day, surrendered to the State, or that they have, in auy seqse disarmed. On the contrary, it is known that the s?rhe armed or? ganization, that existed on the 14th ?TSeptem? ber, 1874, id opposition to the recognized State government, Bti 11 retain their, organization, equipments and commanders, and can be-called out any hour to resist the State government. "Under these circumstances the same military ?force has been continued in Louisiana as was sent there under the. first calls and under the same genera! instruction. I repeat that the task assigned the troops is hot a pleasant one to them. The army is not composed of lawyers capable of judging, at a moment's notice, of just how far they can go in the maintenance of law and order, and it was impossible for me to give specific instructions providing for all pos? sible contingencies that might arise. The troops were bound to act upon tHe judgment of the commanding officer upon each sudden con? tingency that arose, or await instruction, which could only reach them after.the threatened wrongs had committed which they were called, on to prevent. It should be recollected, too, that upon my recognition of the Kellogg gov? ernment I reported the fact, with the grounds of recognition, to Congress and asked that body to take action in the matter ; otherwise 1 should regard its silence as an acquiescence in my course. No action has been taken by that body, and I have maintained the position then marked, out. Iforror has been committed by the army in these matters, it has always been on the side of preservation of good order, the maintenance of law, and the protection of life. Their bear? ing reflects credit upon the soldiers, and if wrong has resulted, the blame is with the tur? bulent elements surrounding them. I now earnestly ask that such action be taken by Congress as to leave my duties, perfectly clear in dealing with', tue affairs of Louisiana, giving assurance at the same time that whatev? er may be done by th"at body in the premises will be executed according to the spirit and let? ter of the law, without fear or favor. I herewith transmit copies of documents containing more specific information as to the subject matter of the resolution. U. S. Grant. ' (/rant's Waf Upon the South. The ^Washington - correspondent of :'the Charleston Newt and OourUr insists that .a policy, of hate and oppression has been agreed; upon by the Grant Republicans, and foreshad? ows coming events in the annexed letter: - Washington, Jan..1L The caucus of Republican Senators held on Saturday, without adoptiug a resolution' to that effect, practically endorsed the President's action with regard^to Louisiana. It was unan? imously agreed Wat with the'f'acts^before them the President and Gen., Sheridan were fully justified ; but.it was agreed to await further in formatiou before deciding ofi a defitiitd line of policy. As it is impossible for the case to be presented in any different light from that in which it now stands, the Senate may be regard? ed as fully committed to the war upon the South inaugurated by President Grant. Substantial? ly the same may be said of the caucus of the Radicals of the House, hold Saturday evening. No decisive action was taken, but. the carpet? baggers gave color to the proceedings, and had matters pretty much their own way. Speaker Blainc, and Mr. Foster, of Ohio, who had just returned Irom New Orleans, were present, but uaid nothing. Mr. D.-'w-o protested against some of the wild assertions of White, of Ala? bama, a venomous scalawag, but Judge Hoar defended the President, while mjldly criticising' Secretary Belkmap a'hd Gen.Sheridan. Intem? perate and aggressive speeches were made by. various carpet-baggers, but the sole action of the caucus was authorizing the presiding officer1, Mr. Milynard, to appoint a carpetbag-atid scalawag committee or nine to draw up articles of war against the South. No good can bo.ex? pected of any committee this Massachusetts half-breed would appoint. The upshot of the whole matter is that, as predicted in this cor? respondence some time since, and as foreseen by Hun. Alexander H. Stephens, the Radical majority in Congress have adopted a policy of groscription, oppression and hate toward th'e outh, and will sustain and be sustained by the President with tlie army and navy at his back. The protests of the people have been unavail? ing to stay this movement, and the President's flagrant violation of the constitution stands endorsed by a majority of tlie present Con? gress. Have the people done their whole duty in this matter 1 The press, irrespective of party, has spoken out boldly; but that does not suf? fice. The people remain criminally passive. We are told that iu New York since the call for an indignation meeting was issued, headed j by tho venerable William Cullen Bryant, that a reaction in favor of Grant and Sheridan has set in, and that a counter-call has been circula? ted. The Legislature of the great State of New York, iu which the Democrats have a ?majority, adjourned over without a word of re b?ke or warning, utterly ignoring the outrage perpetrated in a sister State. If this business continues all is lost; the days of the Republic &n numbered, and our citizens may as well jhate 'ready "tn?nf nwl's.Jor; tijfefflSXfJHfa being-prepared.fur .tbem.^4^.,Ainejrican Re? public must in ;this event share the fate of other republics which have succeeded it. to be suc? ceeded by one knows not what. Thus, *hat which has often been predicted, but as often laughed "at, will come to pass, and the name of Frank P. Blair will be enrolled on the scroll cf jJropB'ets. ; The air is filled with rum.ojrs .of Cabinet change's,. and. these forbode worse evils than j those now, visible. If such men as Fish and j BVistow and Jewell leave Grant's Cabinet, their places will - be filled with men of lower grade intellectually, of -extremer., viewsnolitically, and utterly devojd of principle. The Repub* licaiis of the Senate have so committed theth selv'es to Grant that they could not refuse to confirm any nominations he .-should, see fit to make. The present attitude of the.Republican party means that rather than yield the power it now holds it will subvert the government by force, and other means failing, will plunge the country into ruin. These p/edictions will be veryfied as surely as those already made have been ; and the tel?graph anticipated those pre* viously forwarded by mail. A Truthful Pictere of Texas. Maj. E. C. McLure, formerly editor of the Chester Reporter, writes ah occasional letter%o that paper, giving his impressions of Texas* We make the following extract from one of his recent letters. He has. been out there a year or two, aud writes from the flourishing town of Dallas: There is a great deal of. suffering here, par* Jicularly among those ? who have been drawn hither by the extravagaut pictures of the c?Sfi tfy, painted by those who are interested in du? posing of the large tracts of land acquired years ago, when to own Texas laud.was a badge of povsrty, and who brought with tLem hotn ihg to live on, and ho well-defined idea of what they wanted to do when they got here. Many Who have come to Texas from the older States, with,the.view of bettering their condition in life, have been sadly disappointed, and bewail daily their bad luck in being tempted to leave their old homes. Thousands, again, are on the high road to wealth and affluenco here, who, in.the older States, would have dragged along through life without securing more than a com* fortable living. For equability of climate, fertility of aoH, and in. fact everything that should.tempt tbo agriculturist to a new field, and then enchant him. after he had reached there, I make bold to say that there is no portion of this terrestffal globe that surpasses North Texas. To any farmer who felt that hi ought to seek a ne\W home, I would, without any hesitation or reser? vation, say to him emphatically, come fight here.. It is right here that the cereals of the North Overlap, as it were, the tropical produc? tions of the South. The same acre of land (hat will produce as much cotton as any other acre in the South, will, if planted in corn or wheat, yield as generous a return as" the mcSt fertile land of the Nbrthwest. So that tfro farmer can consult his own taste, he can devote himself either to grain or to cotton, and,feel assured that,.unless some disaster befall him, he wifl make as much as any other man blantin'fr the same; crop in the United States. That ail farmers do not succeed in making money;hg$s is, of course, a-fact. But when they fail it is their own fault, and not that of the soil or climate. Indolence, thrlftlessness and intern* perahce will produce a sure drop of "poverty and dependence in Texas just as they do in South Carolina or any other, country. And there is a great deal of all three to be found here. There is another class of men for whom the world affords no better fiele of operation.than Texas, and that is-men of quick wits with a little cash capital. Opportunities are all tho time offering for the pfaciug of inoneyin fn* vestments which promise sure, early and largo returns. A man with a small cash capital .who could not double it in the course of twelve mouth;, would not be ranked as a shrewd bus* iriess man. '"': Of the classes that ought not' tocome tb Texas', T would mention la'wyerfj.:*dc*otori, school teachers and young men without means,, .s^ekingempJoymcjnt as clerks ...ana boot-keep? ers, in' this city there are la<iyye'rs| en?ngfi,"ff they h?d th'e proper rjualificftfl?nsVtod?-?'l^tSb profes?ion?l wbrk required'in t^venty counties of the State. -And the same condition of affairs exists in.all.the cities,,and towns to the sout^, ?Orth and west of this. Of doctors, there aft about two here for every case of seribus illness that occurs. They are,- if possible, a moro im? pecunious and seedy looking set than the gen? tlemen of, the bar. , ... y V-?'f. ?? The .school master is numerously abroad ift the land, Hundreds of young men, too faiy to work arid too proud to beg, have struefce happy medium by undertaking fcn Jay in. the young Texan's mind th,e foundation for a com? mon' school education. The compensation h generally very small; but it is generally folly adequate for the services rendered. . Within the last two weeks I have had two .men. from South Carolina?both of them, graduates, of the South Carolina College before the war, and both of whom came to Texas to teach scho?K-1- " in my Office begging ; yes, actually bigping fmt a dollar to get something to eat. . Their pitia? ble condition was not due entirely to the state of the' country, however; whiskey was largely responsible for their debasement. I "' In this city how are many young meu clerk? ing for their board aione, aud glad to get situa? tions eveu on these terms, while the,streets are filled with others seeking employment at atoy price. Other clerks' that I know of, whb 1inve been in the employ of the houses > with which they now are for over a year,, aud, who work from seven ,in the morning till j^iaiaJ? night, get only fifty dollars a month, arid* ar^e glad to hold' on to their positions at that prico. One of the young men mentioned' above as graduates of the South' Carolina College, has been employed here for some time guarding.? wood yard at fifty cents a night. He came tb my office to get assistance in collecting foiuV dollars his employer was in arrears to him-; and closed by begging a dollar to relieve his gnawing stomach. While it would give the sincerest pleasure to greet any of my old South Carolina friends dut here, I cannot conscientiously advise any man to come unless he brings money enough to sus? tain himself for a year or so, or unless ho is going to farming. In cither of these events I unhesitatingly say to any man who has sense enough to take care of himself among'a shrewd, sharp, money-getting people, that this is the country for him. ? "What's the use, in these days, trying to be honest?" exclaimed a grumbler. "?h, yriii ought to try it once and see," retorted one of his companions. ? Half the discomfort of life is the result of getting tired of ourselves.