Historical Newspapers of South Carolina

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HOYT & CO., Proprietors. ANDERSON C. H., S. 0., THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 10, 1874. VOLUME X.-NO. 9. For the Anderson Intelligencer. Trotting and Plowing Matches at Agricul? tural Fairs. Mr. Editor: I find in the last August number of the American Farmer (not read, probably, by one-tenth of your subscribers, but which should be read by every farmer and planter, which they can well afford at the low price of one dollar a year) two articles headed, the first, "Agricultural Fairs, and Trotting and Plowing Matches." The second, "Agricultu? ral Fairs," which many of your readers would be pleased to see come out in your columns; for there are a very many persons who do at? tend our Fairs, and many others that do not, for the very reasons alluded to in those articles, that, with your correspondent, fully agree with and subscribe to the appropriate and sensible views therein set forth. We, Mr. Editor, have no objections to horse racing or trotting matches on their proper, legitimate grounds? the turf, prepared expressly for such purposes. The writer is fond of interesting, well conduc? ted horse racing, and has attended many races and trotting matches on their own proper tracks; but has never attended an Agricultural Fair for the paramount purpose of seeing races and trotting matches, which, probably, in this our. day, many do. We have always considered such sport out of order, and an infringement on the legitimate business of a Fair, according to its original intentions?almost as much so as gambling saloons. Not so of plowing matches, which are, or should be, one of if not the most attractive exhibitions; yet how many farmers attend them when compared to a horse race or trotting match ? If gentlemen desire to have and witness horse racing and trotting matches, or other sports, let them get up Jockey Clubs, such as was in existence for many years at Pendleton, composed of a high minded and honorable union of gentlemen. I attended their races before removing to this place, and when I was a young man, from which you will conclude was a long time ago ; so it was, but I enjoyed the sport, and have continued to eujoy it in its proper place. I can to-day trace out the old "Cherry Track" in a field I now own. There was another track near the Village. Before the last Club dissolved, it liberally do- J nated its track and hall to the Farmers' Socie? ty, of which many of the Club were members, and which enabled the Society, out of the old material, with some additions, to build one of the first farmers' halls in the State, which hall we now own, but almost nominally only. The work and usefulness of the Society cannot be compared with what it was when I first became a member, some thirty odd years since, and more's the pity for our farming interests, and we should be distressed to see our Anderson Society pale as ours has done, not on account of horse racing, trotting matches or gambling saloons, but for the want of that spirit and enterprise that first got up and kept up the Society for many years. That noble spirit that actuated our former members to work for the .good of others, and not altogether for self, in a great degree forsook us when our low-country friends broke up and returned to their former homes. The Anderson Society has been well gotten up and sustained, and we hope and trust that no unpopular course or procedure will in any degree tend to mar its popularity aud use? fulness. We have heard many complaints of the racing and trotting part of the programme of cur otherwise well conducted Society. We do not desire to dictate, but only to offer the views set forth in the article referred to, as well as our own, for the consideration of others, as much (probably more) interested than our? selves. S. ! Fendlcton, August 29, 1874. From the American Farmer. The Germantown Telegraph, one of our old? est, most conservative and carefully-edited ex? changes, with an eye always open to every kind of imposition and chicanery, but with no great fuss to make about it, refers to a State society which offers $20,000 for premiums, but of which it discovers that "ten thousand dollars went to horse trots, and of the balance large sums went for articles having but the remotest influence on agricultural improvement," and thus dis? courses thereupon: This particular premium list is to he sure the strongest one in these especial lines before us ; but a great majority are no better, and it is a matter of astonishment to us that sensible agri? culturists have so long permitted themselves to be dragged at the tail-end of a horse in this matter of encouraging agriculture. A few of our best societies have, however, as? serted the right of pure agriculture to some sort of a recognition over mere horse-jockeys and b!ack-lcgs, and have cut loose altogether from racing in every form as having little to do with progressive farming. The New York State Ag? ricultural Society is one of these, and so tena? cious is it of its reputation in this respect that it has had recently to give notice that though accepting the tender of a driving-park to hold its annual.exbibition on, it had no connection with or responsibility for any races that might take place on the grounds. That it was thought necessary to make such an avowal, shows a healthy state of public sen? timent which one can but hope will extend to other communities and other States, and result in keeping the horse-race where it properly be? longs. This is not a question of fast horses. No one wants a slow team when a fast one would do just as well. There might possibly be no objec? tion to trials of speed as .^subordinate part of an agricultural exhibition, as all other parts are subordinate ; there may or may not be grounds for good arguments, but there can be no doubt the minds of many right thinking men and wo? men that the great prominence usually given to the horse-race at fairs is a fraud on agriculture, and tends to demoralize much more than it tends to build up human character. We know what the excuse generally is. The exhibition must be made attractive in order to pay, and nothing attracts like the horse-race. But if we look at the success of tho=e societies who defend this abortion on this pica, and the success of the New York Agricultural Society which repudiates it, we find the success much in favor of the latter. And tl""' outside of pe? cuniary success, look at the influence on real agricultural prosperity and see how much more is it iu favor of the New Yurk's Society plan. Intelligent agriculture is more prized there than perhaps anywhere, and her agricultural elements have been improved to an extent which no other State can surpass. And her exhibitions are just as prosperous, pecuniarily, as well as in attendance, as any in the Union. We look, forward to the time when these things shall be more clearly perceived than now; when real agriculture shall in most soci? eties take the front seat instead of tho back oue, and when the managers shall have the moral courage to do what is right, in the full confidence that the great farming community will sustain them. Organization a Sure Means of Success. We make the following extract from a pri? vate letter written by Gen. M. C. Butler, of Edgefield, which appeared recently in the Greenville Daily Newt: If I were to suggest a means for a more en? lightened public sentiment I would say that our people should read more extensively of the public prints?newspapers?and inform them? selves more thoroughly in general politics; think more for themselves, and rely less on what some people choose to term leaders. ! The people themselves should be the leaders. Just across the Savannah River, in Georgia, whose blue hills I can see from where I now sit, the people are the leaders. Almost every man you meet there is a politician, and under? stands what he is talking about. The result is a healthy political sentiment. And finally, if I were to make a suggestion in politics, I would say first, last and always, that the white men should organize themselves ?organize and remain organized?not with a view of making war upon, or curtailing the rights of any class of persons, but for the pur? pose of securing the ascendency of the white race in South Carolina, and restoring the con? trol of public affairs to his superior qualifica? tions. This cannot be accomplished without thorough and complete organization, and per? sistent, continuous and unceasing effort within the law. Great reforms have never been ac? complished by spasmodic efforts and interme? diate lethargy and supineness. In New York city it required several years of patient, untiring prosecution to secure the con? viction and incarceration of Tweed and his ac? complices in the Tammany corruptions, a man who, perhaps, came nearer being all powerful in public concerns iu his community than any mau who has ever wielded local power in America?and yet he is a couviet in the State prison, brought there by the vigilant pursuit of the committee, almost self-constituted, of sixty influential citizens. They were, how? ever, backed by the money and influence of the whole community, or the better class of it, without regard to party. The same results can be accomplished in South Carolina by adopting the same mean.". But the trouble here is that the people will neither spend their time or their means. They ! will not persevere upon any one line of policy. They meet together, pass resolutions, appoint two or three persons and go home. These two or three persons are expected to give their en? tire time and means to the pursuit of the ob? ject in view, without aid or support, and if they fail they are written down as either fools or knaves, or both, and there the matter ends. Organization and^public spirit will correct this. In the preparation of an army the com? pany is made the unit of organization. Upon the company, as a nucleus, battalions, regi? ments, brigades, divisions and corps are organ? ized. Auxiliaries are gathered and utilized from every source, from Africa, India, and sometimes from the devil to swell the number with which to effect the ends of the organiza? tion. So in South Carolina the white man should be, not only the unit of organization, but the unit of action, and auxiliaries from every avail? able source should be utilized in recovering political control of the State. This course suc? ceeded in Tennessee, in Virginia, in Georgia, in Alabama, was attempted in South Carolina, in 1870, and if persevered in would have suc? ceeded here. None other is practicable. The white man cannot go into the Radical party as it exists in South Carolina without the loss of self-respect, lie does not thereby elevate the negro, but lowers himself to the level of the negro. I do not mean to say by this, that all negroes are degraded any more than that all white men are elevated, but I do mean to say that the whito man is his superior, and that whatever progress the negro makes in life, must be under the aus? pices of the white race. The crystalization of the white race, and such aid as we could secure from the negro race, would not only restore good government in the counties to which we refer, but in a very few years, throughout the entire State. Now the practical question is, can we get this aid? 1 am fully aware of the difficulties in the way, and the general feeling of distrust with our people, but I have never despaired of our controlling a number of votes sufficient to turn the balance if proper efforts are put forth. We are certainly not going to secure the negro's co-operation by contumely, and harshness, and by exhorting him in one breath to vote with us, and in the next swearing that he has no right to vote. I therefore think that we should cnocede to him the rights which he has ac? quired under the constitution and laws of the country, and when we make pledges, do as Gov. Kemper has done in Virginia?keep them. Injurious Effects of Cold Water o.v the Eyes.?The American Journal of Health and Medicine says: "The aquatic furore has become so general, that for the reason that cold water is a pure, natural product, it is claimed to be a universal and beneficial appli? cation. Arsenic is a pure, natural and simple product; so is prussic acid, as obtained from a peach kernel. A single drop of tobacco will kill a cat or a dog in five minutes. Many per? sons arc daily ruining their eyes by opening them in cold water of mornings. Cold water will harden and roughen the hands, and much more it will do to the manifold more delicate; covering of the eye; or the eye will, in sell defense, become sealcy in the manner of a fish ; that is, the coats of the eye will thicken, con stituting a species of cataract, which must im? pair the sight. That water, cold and harsh as i it is, should he applied to the soft, warm, i lubricating fluid which nature manufactures for just such purpose indicates great thought- j ' lessness or great mental obliquity. Nothing stronger than luke-warm water should ever bo 1 applied to the eyes, except by special medical I advice, and under special medical supervision." j ? "And when in after days," said a learned counsel in the court-room, "wo meet together around the social hearth, where I shall no long? er be oppressed by the heat and burden of tho day, and you, gentlemen, will find yourselves in other scenes than this, at rest from arduous j labors, then, as we talk together of by-gone I times, may you be able to say that the first thing you did on returning to the jury-room was to unanimously agree that you could place no reliance whatever upon the testimony of that man Smith." ' "The Honest Government League." We publish this morning the platform of the "Honest Government League," an association lately formed among the colored Republicans ! of the city. The platform is frank and honest I in admitting the evils the State now suffers from, and in condemning the rogues in power. The scheme proposed for practically insuring reform is what might be called the "concurrent representation" of both whites and colored. That is, that whenever offices are to be filled, there should be a separate convention of each race; that they should each make their own nominations for their share of the offices to be voted for, where division is possible, and that they unite upon a common candidate when such is not the case?thus securing a really represe?fadvc ticket. We have no hesitation in saying that if the colored people of the City, County or State will only carry out in good faith the principles of this platform, they will be entitled to the approbation of every right-thinking man in the community. We have always held it to be an error to suppose that the normal attitude of the colored race is one of unreasonable and unrelenting antagonism to the whites, or that there is no dissatisfaction felt by them with those who have misruled them and us since i 18GS. Whatever may have been the feeling 1 just after the war, it is very different now. The Republican party in South Carolina?as repre? sented by the knavish oligarchy now in control ?is very far from being the solid unit it once was. It is not only that the knaves have fallen out in their quarrels over the spoils ; far better, they have disgusted, by their outrageous con? duct, many of those who once blindly support? ed them, and whom, in return for their confi? dence, they have duped and robbed. Those who wish to estimate the extent of this feeling, and the numbers of colored men in this City who have learned, by rough experience, that the laborer as well as the capitalist is cheated by misgovernment, should simply observe the j composition of a Radical primary meeting as at present constituted. They will find there, outside of the office-holders and their depen dents, scarcely a half dozen respectable colored men, and the voices of these arc totally un? heard. The respectable colored tradesmen and farmers, and the larger class who support them? selves by honest labor, are no longer there. They have retired in disgust. They have given place to the professional jurors and amateur j constables of the Court House corner, or the [ professional adherents of the various candi j dates for office. That portion of the colored population who arc in this dissatisfied condi? tion are in a very serious dilemma. They can ' not support the present government, and yet, though powerless to overthrow it unassisted, they, on the other hand, have not entirely con? quered their fears that, 'by going over into the Conservative ranks, they may lose their influ? ence and perhaps their political rights. The proposed plan of equal representation of the races by men of their own color, would afford an effectual escape from either evil. The rep? resentative of the white man will secure the aid of capital and intelligence in the fight against corruption; the representative of the colored man will guard him against the remot? est fear of oppression. However unfounded the fears of the colored people may be, and however great our prefer? ence for a combined action of honest white men ami honest colored men in the same meet? ings and the same conventions, we have noth? ing but words of encouragement, for those who are ready to move on parallel lines with us in the great work of Reform. We trust that this movement will grow throughout the country, and it will certainly receive the cordial co-op? eration of all good citizens. No better advice could be given to the colored man at present than to learn by heart that sentence of the platform which declares that the necessity of the hour is "Reform or Revolution."?Charles- j ton News and Courier. PLATFORM OF THE HONEST GOVERNMENT LEAGUE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1S74. Apprised that a crisis has arrived in the po? litical affairs of the State at which either revo? lution or reform must become a necessity, we have inaugurated this movement with a view to avoid the rude clash of violence, while we not the less devotedly maintain the free and perfect enjoyment of all political rights and privileges. That we have come to this crisis is the criminal fault of a class of men who ap? peared upon the surface of politics in this State immediately after the war. They have grossly deceived the colored people?they have made them parties to a government so mon? strous, that thinking men seriously question whether the right of suffrage has been properly extended. By oppressive taxes they have ex? hausted the profits of capital and sensibly diminished the wages of labor; accumulation has become impossible; civilization has rctro I graded, and the capacity of the colored man for general improvement has come to be de? nied. Such are the grievous injuries these men have done our State and race. Wc pro ' pose now to cast them off, with their deluded followers, and to erect from the bosom of the colored Republican party a government foun? ded upon principles of substantial justice? which will protect the political interests of every individual, and vindicate our character as a people from the seemingly just aspersions of distant observers. To do so we invite the honest colored people of the State to adopt the constitution of this ? Society and its object, and to form similar or? ganizations in each of the various counties I until it becomes the proud privilege of every colored man to declare his membership in the Honest Government League. So soon as this organization is effected, it is j : proposed to summon a convention consisting ! > of delegates from the various societies. This ; i convention shall be strictly a colored Kepubli- , J can convention, representing the honest colored people of the Slate. At the same time we in? vite that a white convention shall be assembled j consisting of the representatives of the capital I of the State. It is proposed that the two con- j ventions, by means of committees of confer? ence, shall enter into a formal covenant by which they agree to divide equally between ] them the offices capable of division, and to unite upon such as arc not. Upon this basis the nominations of the respective conventions shall proceed. Aware that the election laws of the State arc such as to preclude .all reasonable hope of a fair enumeration of the votes, it should be the assigned duty of a joint committee of the con- ' ventions to devise a mode of obtaining this, whether by petition to the President of the United States or by determined measures from among ourselves, or by both. The practicability of these propositions is attested by a manifest inclination of the people to co-operate in such a movement. The secu? rity of the people and the prosperity of the Slate are endeavored to be made the desired objects of the platform. ? Who is the laziest man? The furniture dealer; lie keeps chair3 and lounges about all the time. ^HflHfeffiteflgMfl The Duly of Conservative Constituencies and Conservative Representatives. We find something of liberality and not a ! little of good sense, as applied to the Conserva? tives of ?South Carolina, in sonic views ex? pressed by our Radical contemporary of this I place, a few days ago, upon the subject of "ma- j jorities and minorities."' They are none the I less true that they take somewhat the shape of: accusations. The thought which lies below is, i that minorities in a State have their duties no ! less than majorities, and that the duties de- : volving upon the minority in this Slate have j not been faithfully discharged. When this thought comes back to us in this way, it is time j to heed it, and to make the best possible prac- J tical use of it. Our contemporary justly says that many of the misfortunes of the Conserva- j tives are due to a want of sagacity, a lack of j unity and a neglect of the political weapons j which lie ready to their hands. With a clear, and almost immovable majority against us, j officered by a class of men whose native prone- | ness to mischief and corruption was brought into full bloom and vigor by the feeling of | power and the sense of immunity for crimes, it i was not to be expected that we could success- j fully contest the political control or fill any of the great offices of power. But we could have gone to the sources of J power, and beginning at the bottom, have pa? tiently built up our structures of opinions and policy. Turning from those who could not be j reasoned with, who can only be influenced by broad facts, and those facts such as inhere in j ascendancy and give assurance of protection, we might have fused the mass of our people, the white race particularly, and almost cxclu- j sively, iuto a determined organization, ready to act as a unit in securing such present advau- j tages as were possible to it, and to be kept j compact and united to avail itself of future op-1 portunitics. From the start, we ought to have placed, wherever we could do it, true meu in position, to act as the advance guard, and con? tend for every point where justice and right were involved. Jn the Legislature, wc ought to have had strong men and more of them, to break the force of the destructive measures that have there been forged. There is invinci? ble power in right, in truth, in duty; and a man who represents them and has the true en? ergies of a man, is a power anywhere and eve? rywhere that cannot be wholly resisted. Had we put our best men in the General Assembly, and the fullest number that wc could have sent, charged with the important task of always pro? testing where they eonld not resist, of working in season and out of season, in vindication of a people temporarily down-trodden, and who meant at all hazards to rise from their prostra? tion, they would have commanded the admira? tion of the country at large, and secured the devotion of the people of the State whom they so faithfully served. We are very far from saying that we have not had good, faithful aud able men there. But they have lacked system, and their individuality has been measurably lost. They should now repair whatever errors may have been committed, and stand together against ignorance and incompetency, doing all the positive and direct good they can, and pre? venting all the evil possible to their best en? deavors. Wherever a true and capable man can be introduced into the Legislature, it ought to be done. The Counties with decided Con? servative majorities ought not to forego a sin? gle Hem of their local advantages, and where they are nearly balanced, they should strive by every fair means to make the balance lean to their side. We arc satisfied that they can in? crease the Conservative representation and im? prove its quality. This is the duty of the peo? ple. They cannot escape it, and they ought not to try to escape it. Not until they have done their best will they stand acquitted before the country. When they have done it, they will become relieved of responsibility, and their representatives become charged with it. It is likely to be grave. Wc trust that no man will assume it inconsiderately. The highest motives should operate here. Cyphers are not wanted; men who arc not alive to the situation are not wanted. The exigencies likely to arise will demand qualifications of statesmanship and manhood. Wc are approaching a great change, and possibly the solution of our vexed and vexing political problem. We shall re? quire capacity, experience, vigor, character, patriotism and courage. Let those who have them not, either stand or be pushed out of the wav.? Columbia Plucnix, Disorders in the Sou'rrr.?The St. Louis Republican, discanting on recent collisions be? tween whites and blacks in the South, and an? ticipating their constant recurrence and in? creased violence, says that the condition of af? fairs will surely become worse when the next Presidential election is pending. It says it is an error to imagine that the North can remain unaffected by this disastrous confusion. It will affect the whole country, if it continues it may bring troubles we little dream of, for it may into dispute the legality of the election of thirty or forty members of the next Congress ; it may produce half a dozen double govern? ments; it may make a strain on that weakest point in our polity, the Presidential election. Wc may Hatter ourselves that in some way or other these disorders will be quieted before 1S7CJ; but the experience of the past does not bear out the pleasing anticipation. It is nine years since the pacification and reconstruction e.f the South began, and it is not finished yet; indeed, the condition of some of the Southern States is far more threatening to-day than it! was in 1 s<;r>. Imagine the next Presidential j election taking place in this disturbed condi- 1 tion of the South, with a close contest in the North, and a compact vote from the South, : cast amidst violence and alleged fraud, coming in to turn the scale in favor of one party?and i wc have a possibility which we may well do all ! in our power to avert I The Cotton Gamblers.-?The gamblers of the Cotton Exchange are becoming somewhat j nervous at the prospect of a short life for their ! latest schemes. They have succeeded in de- I j pressing ihe markets so that the ruling price is | 15.1 cents, which means IM or 12 cents to the i [?hinter; but the latest reports from the South- i crn States, which are given in another column, ' indicate that these prices arc artificial, and i bear no relation to the supply and demand, j They are established simply to impoverish the planter aud to enrich the speculator. It would he interesting to know how many hundred thousand bales of cotton have been sold during the present season, in formal contracts, and ' represented to he actually ready for delivery, ? without any intention of carrying the transac lion further. While wc have no sympathy for one party of speculators as against another in | this ctlbrt to establish artificial prices, it is but reasonable to say that the facts do not justify the present depression in the value of cotton, and that the planters should not be deceived by it. If it were not for the planter, wc should view these continual struggles between the "hulls" and the "bears" of the Cotton Exchange with perfect complacency; but, unfortunately, their antics involve the injury (if innocent sr-Af w York Even ha Post Ex-President Divis on the Trenton Outrage. The recent cruel butchery of negroes in the vicinity of Trenton, Term., by a band of masked men, has called forth the severest denunciation I from every quarter, and at a public meeting j held at Memphis to condemn the brutal out I rage, Ex-President Jefferson Davis made a speech on the subject, as follows: i Friends and Countrymen : You have assem- \ bled to-night, not for the bare purpose of giv? ing an expression which humanity commands, but you have assembled for a higher and a holier duty,' [Applause.] It is what you owe ! to your sires, what you owe to your posterity, what you owe to the living and what you owe j to the gallant dead, who fell for the sacred j cause of Southern independence. Never has a ! country been more truly iu a condition of! having lost all save its honor, and you, men of: the counties of Jackson, Grundy, Polk, and many others of wide reputation, may be expec ted to denounce whatever would stain the lion or and whatever would tarnish the fair name of the living. [Applause.] You are not here then merely to express your horror of a partic- j ular crime; still less are you here to argue; what is due from one race to another. It is a : crime, and a crime to be punished as it de serves, but that belongs to the law and its otli- j ccrs. That they will do their duty, those only 1 who distrust our people can fail to believe. But you come to appeal to the moral sense of I the world ; your words are to go abroad to ; mankind ; let it understand that you are not a ! race of assassins; that you arc not the men who mask, but stand in the dignity of your | manhood, and in the likeness of your Creator: ! with eyes open and exposed you dare assert your rights and protect them to the best of your ability; and to the end of your lives will I go forward with honor which never seeks con- j cealment, wears no mask, and never blackens its face. (Applause.) The negroes are not our enemies ; why should they become so? We arc their friends. Yes, j and the Southern men arc the only friends 1 they have to-day in any part of the world. It becomes us to be their friends. Every South em man in his memory runs back to the negro woman who nursed him; to the boy who hunted and fished with him ; to the man who first taught him to ride and to swim; and, as \ he grew to manhood, the cordial welcome giv? en him by the old nurse, with a tenderness ! scarcely inferior to that of his own mother, and while he has such memories clustering around him, he cannot be the enemy of that j useful race which was the main strength of our j country, when we stood in this relation, which \ I believe God intended us to occupy. If we j have been diverted from such relation, and if j hostility has sprung up to any extent, it has been the work of those incendiaries who have | come in to destroy the natural relations of the race, and thus fomenting a discord by producing the evils which now exist in society. But, my | friends, it rest with you, whatever be the re? sult, to show to the world that you are incapa? ble of secret crime, that you hate the man who wears a mask [ applause J, and whatever it is necessary for the public peace to do, you in? tend to do that, openly and manfully. Now, then, let us sec what is the necessary future of these two races living together, f Applause] They have the white man to provide for them and protect them as much as they ever did; and I believe they will require him to do so to ' the end of time. Now, then, as to these who believe in a war of races that the black man may be exterminated, and see in this a future that is desirable, I have no sympathy. [Ap? plause.] The negroes were my friends in the olden times. They were our protectors when j our brave men went to the field, and the wo? men and children remained at home. [Ap? plause.] It was they who brought the Missis? sippi valley into cultivation, and by them alone can that valley, in my opinion, ever be culti? vated. They arc as necessary to us as we are to them ; and, that kind of relation existing be? tween us, it is uo reason why the prosperity of the future shall not exceed that of the past. Don't Water Horses After Eating.? The New York Herald says : It is the practice with many horsemen to give their horses no water until after they had eaten their allow? ance of feed. Concerning this practice a vete? rinarian writes: A full drink of water immediately after be? ing fed should never be allowed to horses. When water is drank by them, the bulk of it goes directly to the large intestines, and little of it remains in the stomach. In passing through the stomach, however, the water car? ries considerable quantities of the contents to where it lodges in the intestines. II', then, the food of horses' stomachs is washed out before it is digested, no nourishment is derived from the feed. In Kd in burg some old horses were fed with split peas, and then supplied with wa? ter immediately before being killed. It was found that the water had carried the peas from fifty to sixty feet into the intestines, where no digestion took place at all. Mr. Ca<sie is quite correct in the views set forth regarding the in? jurious effects of large quantities of water swallowed immediately af* t eating. A small quantity of fluid swallowed along with, bench- I cially softens it and assists in ils subdivision i and digestion. An inordinate supply of water, or of watery fluid on the other hand, proves in- ! jtirious. It dilutes unduly the digestive secre- | dons; it mechanically carries onward the im? perfectly digested food, and thus interferes with the proper functions of the canal, and excites indigestion and diarrluva. These untoward el- j feels are especially apt to occur where horses | are freely and too liberally watered and short ly put to tolerably quid; work. There is no more infallible method of producing colic, di- | arrlnea and inllammation of the bowels. The | horse is not peculiar in this eti'ect; dogs, and! even their masters, similarly sutler from copi- i ous draughts of water immediately after eating much solid food. Advickto Fa kmf.rs.?An experienced "cot- . ton seller" sends us the following advice to far- j mers for publication: Have, your gin and brush iu good order. (lather your cotton clear and dry, and gin it dry to avoid napping. Pack your cotton as clear of gin tags as pos- J sible, and don't put in your cotton the small j amount of moles that falls under the gin flue. Don't gin up your nice cotton and cotton gathered after a rain together. Don't, if possible, put two kinds of cotton in the same bale, and above everything don't put | up mixed cotton or false packed. Gather your cotton as early as possible.' Poor cotton will be hard to sell this season at any price.?Dawson Journal. ? One of the latest phases of the tempert-1 ance movement in the West is the formation of associations, the members of which pledge themselves not to pay for any other man's drink, and not to drink at any other man's ex? pense. Would it not be advisable to add as an amendment, "and not to drink at one's own expense?'' This would make the thing per-j feet. 1 A Chance for South Carolina? When a man like Mr. William Henry Tres ! cot can say of such a State as South Carolina, j that among the people of this State, Federal I politics are obsolete, and that the one absorb ; ing. vital interest is the honest administration j or" the State Government, he presents a picture ; of the revolution that has swept over the I South, since the war, which an elaborate de ! scription of the situation might fail to convey \ lo the mind. South Carolina was the home of j Federal politics, and Mr. Trescot was reared in its atmosphere, His writings and his expe? rience lay in the outer circle of Federal and inter-State relations, and those subjects were always matter of absorbing interest to the peo? ple among whom he dwelt. If he can find no interest in these questions now among the peo? ple, there must be little of such interest in South Carolina; and the fact that the South Carolinians have no interests, and that Federal politics are obsolete among them, shows how completely the old State lias been beaten down. Wc are all familiar with the events which have effected these mighty changes in the dis? position of these people. Men who see the foundations of their homes tottering and threat? ening destruction ; who feel the hands of rob? bers upon their throats; who hear the burglara cutting their way into the houses, do not stop to indulge in speculations as to the rights and duties ol* members of society. Just so, the sit? uation is too intense in South Carolina; the pending questions are too near at home; there is too much of a struggle for life and security, to personal and individual property for men to stop to discuss State sovereignty, or even to consider their aggregate relations with other political communities. Federal politics are obsolete. It matters little whethei Republi? cans or Democrats rule the land. It matters little what powers the Federal Government assumes to itself, or how recognition is given to the sovereignty of the States. All that the people of South Carolina ask is to be saved from anarchy and ruin ; to be saved from be? ing robbed to fill the pockets of scoundrels and thieves ; to be established in at least the de? cency aud security that are granted to the most abject provinces of the most arbitrary and cruel despots. The large preponderance in South Carolina of the ignorant and illiter? ate element in the politico-social system would be a serious obstacle in the way of progress and reform, even if that clement were well-advised and subjected to elevating influences. But cir? cumstances, heightened by antecedent condi? tions on the one hand and cheap clap-trap on the other, have brought the colored people of the State under the domination?not the influ? ence, for that implies some amount of reason? ing aud intelligence?of a set of adventurers and pilferers, who use them for no other pur? pose than their own personal aggrandizement. How can the honest people of South Carolina win enough of these unlettered and easily beguiled colored people to the side of virtue to enable them to drive out the thieves and vaga? bonds who are ruining the black as well as the white people and destroying all hopes for a bet? ter day'? Mr. Trescot iias announced himself as an independent candidate for Congress. He has undoubtedly heavy odds against him, but there are indications of a marked re-action in South Carolina against the further rule of dis? honesty and corruption, and he has, we think, adopted the proper course to avail himself of that re-action, if it can be carried to the doors of decency and honesty.?Louisville Courier' Journal. Payment for Slaves. Some significance attaches to the following article, which appears as a prominent editorial in the Washington Chronicle, an administra? tion sheet. It will be observed that the Chron? icle, which is supposed to reflect the sentiments of its party, has no words in condemnation of the proposition, which may be a political issue ere many presidential campaigns: The discussion over the question of the pay? ment to the owner of slaves in the Southern States previous to the rebellion, for their value is being revived with great earnestness in va? rious localities in the South. It is claimed that there were in the South before the war about 4,000,000 negroes. The census of 1S70 gives the number of negroes in the United States at 4,SSti..'lS7. Calculating the slaves at an average of sfiUO apiece, we have the sum of $2,400,000,000. Put it down at $300 as an av? erage, and then we would have $1,200,000,000. Georgia gave in 1<>7<? the value of her negro property at $o02,698,S55, or about an average of $700. It is urged that these slaves were the proper? ty of individual citizens, legally obtained, and which they were entitled to under the Consti? tution of United States; that they were arbi? trarily freed and their value destroyed, and that this occurred in many cases without the fault of their owners, but as one of the inci? dents of the war. A correspondent, in discus? sing the subject, suggests that they do not expect to get the money-value of the negroes directly out of the Treasury of the United States "with the National debt upon the coun? try, but that other means should be devised, which would be more equitable, and then further urges the South in Congress, as one man, to vote against any more donations of public land, and to insist that this domain be held for more sacred purposes?the paying of the South for ber negroes, ll is very discreetly sdjjgesled that it may not be in order just now, but thai it is well enough to have such thoughts in one's mind for future use. An appeal is then made for all owners of slaves to record them, as their children will no doubl at some future day be paid for what, their fathers lost. There is no question that the iilea of the payment for the loss of slaves is a very popular and potent element in Southern polities, and surrounded as it is with t-oine technical ground of legality, it will be urged with additional earnestness and persistence. That it should be commenced by some lead? ing Southern journals, and strongly endorsed, by a large number of influential Southern poL itieians is a fair indication that, however long delayed, the issue at some time will become a potent one in the election of members of Con-: <rrc>s in tin- South. ? The New York World thinks that immodt crate mourning has become a tyranny of fash? ion in this country. Foreigners arc amazed at it. In England the widow's cap is usually dolled at the eud of a year, after which, except in the case of elderly ladies, mourning is only continued for a few months. Mourning for a parent continues lor a year; for a child the same; for a brother or sister six months; for an aunt or uncle three months. In no country docs it remain so long as with us. ? It is said that some few years ago, a peti? tion was being signed for a postofiicc at Wal? halla, but it was difficult to find a man in the settlement who could spell olficc. They got along very well with post, and called on Mr, Bicinan, who enlightened them thusly: "Big V, little o, a coople of little Ps, and i ce?Post? ollice." It was so spelled, the petition forward? ed, and the ollice secured !